Crescenzago for all by UPDStudio

Neighborhood plans for the 15-MIN CITY

Crescenzago for all

Group 12

Fatima Siddig Yi Man Yingqian Zhu

Master Degree in Urban Planning and Policy Design

Urban Policies Design Studio 2020-2021 Prof. Antonella Bruzzese, Prof. Alessandro Coppola Tutors: Valentina Brambilla, Lorenzo De Vidovich, Antonio Jose Salvador

UNDERSTANDING OF 15MC

History Introduction New Reassessment Tapping Into Demographic Superimposition Understanding of 15MC

History Introduction

Municipio 2 and 3: the Berutian city Up to the end of the 19th-beginning of the 20th century the area surrounding the external ringroad of Milan (Viale Umbria, Viale Molise…) featured a scattered settlement with a constellation of villages and farmhouses mainly devoted to agriculture. Centers such as Sesto San Giovanni and Cologno Monzese did exist at the time but they were small villages, mainly farming-oriented. The first two municipal plans, Beruto (1884-1913) and Pavia-Masera (1912-1934), the latter being considered a mere continuation of the first , designed the urban expansion of the first half of the 20th century. A compact, dense city (35.71 sqm/in) characterised by large residential, rationalist neighborhoods delimeted by tree-lined avenues (like the abovementioned external ringroad). The most significative example of the “Berutian” Milan is the Città Studi-Politecnico area. The industrial nature of the city was clear already and it was favored by a new semi-circular railroad, the actual Passante (Stations of Farini, Greco, Lambrate, Porta Romana, Rogoredo, Porta Genova San Cristoforo). The economic boom, Sesto San Giovanni and Milan’s industrial Post-metropolis. Athough in the first half of the 20th century the industrial nature of the city was clear already, the real territorial revolution came with the Economic Boom of the 50s. The revolution is tangible both in demographic and morphological terms: the population of the municipality peaked to an unprecendented 1.7 millions while the urban area gradually incorporated the surroundings creating today’s Milan’s Post-Metropolis. Sesto San Giovanni is the city-symbol of this process to the point it has been defined a small Manchester . Cities to the north-west of Milan were already characterised by the prototextile industry as they exploited the hydroeletric power of the rivers and canals flowing from the Northern lakes to the central flat. The first modern industries in Sesto appeared indeed in the end of the 19th century and were dedicated to silk. Then, starting from the 1910s, enterpreneurs like Ernesto Breda and Fausto Marelli settled here their steel and automobile industries. The settlement was until the 70s characterized with a strong working-class identity and Sesto was fundamental for resistance against Fascism in WW2 and the center of labour struggles in the 50s, 60s and 70s. The dismissal of all the industries in the 80s left the territory with unprecedented material for industrial archeology , in some cases of high Historical value.

Northwestern Milan today: variety of functions and typologies. Today, as stated also in the Strategic Plan of the Metropolitan city of Milan , given its density and position, Sesto and the Nord-Milano area aim to strengthen their tertiary and jobformation sector and many are the international firms that are chosing Sesto to locate their headquarters or some of their branches. The transformation of the many vacant post-industrial lands into open spaces and parks (mainly the ex-Area Falck redevelopment project) is a great opportunity to ameliorate the liveability and attractiveness of the city, while the vacant industrial buildings can accomodate several secondary and tertiary sector activities. As of the above-mentioned Strategic Plan, the future development of the Adda-Martesana area (including Cologno Monzese, Vimodrone and Segrate) aims to sensibly different goals that mainly focus on the enhancement of the natural and historical landscape along the canals and the Idroscalo and the enhancement of leisure and sports facilities. This objective seems indeed to better fit an area that, differently from Sesto San Giovanni, doesn’t present significative industrial heritage, it doesn’t have a particular “Critical mass” in terms of density, it isn’t as “Fragmented” and, especially in the case of Segrate (See San Felice and Peschiera Borromeo settlements), is prone to hosting middle-high class residences rather than tertiary-sector hubs. This being said, together with the consolidated city area of Municipio 2 and 3, the highest in terms of density both of population and services, the variety of functions and urban morphology typologies of the selected area is a great opportunity for future development. Although The Municipio 2 and 3 areas and Sesto San Giovanni may perform better against the idea of the 15 minutes city as a result of higher concentration of population, services and a higher variety of the latters, Cologno, Vimodrone and Segrate balance this polarity towards a more dispersed, nature-connected system. With the right urban and policy design, all these peculiarities can be fullfilled and offered within easy reach for every inhabitant.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

01 NEW REASSESSMENT 1.General map of the area

On this page Location map

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

On the left, a mapping of the main ongoing projects divided per district (Municipio 2, 3) and municipality (Sesto San Giovanni, Cologno Monzese, Segrate). The taxonomy for the ongoing projects responds to three macro areas: green: New parks, green and blue dynamics, sustainable mobility. For municipio 2, Milan’s PGT aims at enhancing and expanding the green system along the berutian street grid. The Re-Lambro embraces, among others, the municipalities of Vimodrone, Cologno and Sesto San Giovanni and it is aimed to ameliorate the green and sustainable mobility system all along the Lambro sriver section. Violet: redevelopment of vacant areas. There are 3 main ongoing projects under this category: the redevelopment of the ex Falck Area into a new a park, the redevelopment of Lambrate Railway yard and the transformation of the ex Innocenti-Maserati factory (Rubattino) into a new park. Blue: New policies and betterment of the existing settlement. Apart from the redevelopment of the Loreto and Central Station squares, this part of the city is buzzing with participatory policies (Nolo district) and tactical urbanism towards the enhancement of 15m cities (Piazze aperte Project).

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.Dwelling 2.1Urban texture

Legend Residential Building Other Building

it obviously shows that majority of buildings locates intensively at the south and the west, comparing with the east and the north with low density. And the density decreases gradually from bottom to top.

In addition, the right part of the whole area is filled with a quite few builings in standing alone while the left part is distributed in large expanse and concentrate in groups.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.2Housing type

The Northside

it mainly adopts low-rise row with high density and high-rise solidarity with low density. The majority locates at the left side with sporadic distribution layout.

The Eastside

It mainly adopts low-rise courtyard and city block with quite high density while there is a pinch of relatively high-rise group in the middle. it has the highest density among these four areas.

The Southside

It mainly adopts low-rise building of standing alone with high density while a few groups with low desentiy stand there. The relatively low density of overall residential contributes to a better green environment.

The Westside

It mainly adopts the ribbon with different densities which decrease gradually from bottom to top. it is distributed in large expanse and concentrate in groups.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

3.Transportation The selected land area are connected to Milan and the entire Lombardy region. It can be seen that there is a highway connecting the north-south direction of the area. Line 2 connects Milan and several areas to the east of Vimodrono, and the railway is inward to connect Milan city center, and

the extension is connected to the national railway network. These transportations with the outside world are the basis for commuting between the area and the outside world.

intersection study area Rail station-study area Railway Volumn Railway Station Line2 station Motorway Metro Station-study area Metro Stations Motorway Metroway 1 2 3 4（under construction) 5 9 NIL Study Area Zoning

On this page Regional traffic map source:ISTAT,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

There is an evident hierarchy transport system which mainly composited of secondly road, motorway, and railway, contributing to divide the whole are into bunches of districts.

On this page Transportation map source:openstreet map

Railway Secondary Road Principal Road Motorway Water Surface Road Green Area Rail Station-study area Metro Station-study area

we have researched the distribution of diverse traffic station inside like bus stop, bus station, tramline station and railway station. Bus station literally covers the whole area while rail transit station mainly locate at the center of Milan.

On this page Traffic Station map source:openstreet map

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

This aims to analyze the layout of bicycle path inside. From the map, it’s obvious that cycleways in the study area are discontinue and broken. The layout is quite uneven that there is fewer inside of Milan than outside.

On this page Slow Mobility map source:openstreet map

4.Public space 4.1 Green and blue system

Distinguishing the distribution of various blue and green facilities, it can be seen from the picture that there are few river network greenways in the entire urban area, and the main urban green spaces are concentrated in the periphery of the urban area.

On this page Green and blue system map source:openstreet map

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

4.2 Open Space

Legend Cemetery Playground Park Potential Active Point

4.3 Active Pedestrian

Legend Pedestrian occupied by retail Potential Active Point

There are bunches of streets intensively filled with diverse restaurants at the southwest side where pedestrian would be occupied at certain time. It has much potential as active open spaces to intervenve specific strategies to utilize properly.

Playgroud

Legend Playground

Playgrounds are distributed sporadicly around the whole area. Some locates at the middle of community and some are adjacent to the street park. In general, it’s obvious that the southwest side laks sufficient open space as playground for people social gethering.

Park

Legend Park

Paks are relatively adequate around the whole area, comparing with other open spaces. There are mainly three large park alongside the Lambo River, where they are expected to be seen as open space for people recreating but also as indispensable ecological green environment.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

5.Community service

As for Infrastructure system, there is an evident centralizing layout that almost intensified in the center and scattered around the periphery, especially for office. In Segrate, there is even no land for office. As for commerce facility, Although its density is higher in the southwest than in the northeast, the retail and small and medium-sized businesses in the southwest are more concentrated

while the large and medium-sized supermarkets outside the urban area are more concentrated, probably resulting from different lifestyles.

On this page 1.Retail map 2.Education Facilities map 3.Sports Facilities map 4.Hospital map 5.Office map source:Dati.lombardia. it

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

In the following maps, we investigate the concentration of different landuse of community services in the 6 municipalities. We can observe municipal 2 and 3 being rich in all services, while Segrate being the poorest. Sport facilities is the only service equally distributed among the 6 municipalities. Mixed-use refers to “Residential buildings having other services in the ground floor” in this map.

On the pervious page Landuse map source:Dati.lombardia.it

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 TAPPING INTO DEMOGRAPHIC The official estimated population of the City of Milan was 1,378,689 as of 31 December 2018, according to ISTAT, the official Italian statistical agency, up by 136,556 from the 2011 census, or a growth of about 11%. At the same date 3,250,315 people lived in Milan province-level municipality. The population of Milan today is lower than its historical peak. Thereafter, during the following decades, about one third of the population moved to the outer belt of suburbs and new satellite settlements that grew around the city proper. Today, Milan’s conurbation extends well beyond the borders of the city proper and of its special-status provincial authority: its contiguous built-up urban area was home to 5,270,000 people in 2015, while its wider metropolitan area, the largest in Italy and fourth largest in the EU, is estimated to have a population of more than 8.2 million. As of 2019, some 277,773 foreign residents lived in the municipality of Milan, representing 19.9% of the total resident population. These figures suggest that the immigrant population has more than doubled in the last 15 years. After World War II, Milan experienced two main waves of immigration: the first, dating from the 1950s to the early 1970s, saw a large influx of migrants from poorer and rural areas within Italy; the second, starting from the late 1980s, has been characterized by the preponderance of foreign-born immigrants. The early period coincided with the so-called Italian economic miracle of postwar years, an era of extraordinary growth based on rapid industrial expansion and great public works, that brought to the city a large influx of over 400,000 people, mainly from rural and underdeveloped Southern Italy. In the last three decades, the foreign born share of the population soared. Immigrants came mainly from Africa (in particular Eritrean, Egyptian, Moroccans, Senegalese, and Nigerian), and the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe , in addition to a growing number of Asians and Latin Americans . At the beginning of the 1990s, Milan already had a population of foreign-born residents of approximately 58,000 (or 4% of the then

population), that rose rapidly to over 117,000 by the end of the decade . Milan’s population, like that of Italy as a whole, is mostly Catholic. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan. Greater Milan is also home to Protestant, Orthodox, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Sikh and Buddhist communities. Milan has been a Christian-majority city since the late Roman Empire. Its religious history was marked by the figure of St. Ambrose, whose heritage includes the Ambrosian Rite (Italian: Rito ambrosiano), used by some five million Catholics in the greater part of the Archdiocese of Milan, which consider the largest in Europe. In addition, the city is home to the largest Orthodox community in Italy. Lombardy is the seat of at least 78 Orthodox parishes and monasteries, the vast majority of them located in the area of Milan. The main Romanian Orthodox church in Milan is the Catholic church of Our Lady of Victory (Chiesa di Santa Maria della Vittoria), currently granted for use to the local Romanian community. Similarly, the point of reference for the followers of the Russian Orthodox Church is the Catholic church of San Vito in Pasquirolo. The Jewish community of Milan is the second largest in Italy after Rome, with about 10,000 members, Milan hosts also one of the largest Muslim communities in Italy, and the city saw the construction of the country’s first new mosque featuring a dome and minaret, since the destruction of the ancient mosques of Lucera in the year 1300. In 2014 the City Council agreed on the construction of a new mosque amid bitter political debate, since it is strenuously opposed by right-wing parties such as the Northern League.

On this page Population Regional Distribution source:ISTAT,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

1.Population in our area

We have collected the population numbers of different regions in 2020, and have a general understanding of the total population in each region. In terms of population, municipio 2 is the most populated area, and the Vimodrone district is the least populated area.

On this page Population of different regions Source:ISTAT ,2020

We also counted the population data of a more detailed area in order to have a clearer understanding of this area. Through subdivision, we can see that among the small areas in the south, District 21 is the most populous area.

On this page, top Population distribution map Source:ISTAT ,2020 On this page, bottom Population distribution diagram Source:ISTAT,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

In order to further understand the population information, we have carried out statistics on the area in each area for further calculation of population density. We have obtained the population density data information. As you can see on the map, the population density in Milan is relatively high overall. The population density

in District 20 has reached 25671 inhabitant/km2. The lowest population density is Segrate. , The population density here is only 2063 inhabitant/ km2.

On the previous page, top Acreage map Source:ISTAT ,2020 On this page, top Population density map Source:ISTAT ,2020 On this page, bottom Population density diagram Source:ISTAT,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

Street view of Minicipio 2&3

Street view of Segrate

Through the above series of analyses, we have a preliminary understanding of the approximate population, density and distribution in the study area. After analysis, we can believe that the population density and population in the urban area of Milan are higher than those outside the urban area. , We can see that there are certain differentiation differences in the urban area and surrounding areas. In order to further study the population distribution in the area, we further subdivided the site. We used the urban branch roads to divide the small blocks and studied the number of households in each small block. We found that the number of households in the city of Milan is small due to the small division of blocks. It’s not the most. Instead, there are the largest number of households in the marginal districts. The main reason for this is that the road network in the urban area is more detailed and there are fewer buildings in

the block. From the satellite screenshots, you can see that several areas Places with a larger number of households are residential areas with higher density. Compared with the more rigorous streetstyle houses in the urban area, the residential areas outside the urban area are relatively loosely arranged, and there are a considerable number of villa houses. In terms of population growth in several areas, we can see that the population of the four areas outside the urban area has not been increasing in the past 30 years. On the contrary, some areas have a downward trend, and the population growth rate of other areas is also very slow. Although no earlier data has been found for the two areas within the urban area, the population has grown at a relatively rapid rate in the past 20 years.

On this page, top Resident map Source:ISTAT ,2020 On this page, bottom Population growth graph Source:ISTAT,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.Population commute 2.1Commute rate

The commuting rate in this chart refers to the percentage of households who commute to and from work or school every day to the total number of households The figure is only a very rough calculation of the commute rate in Lombardy. The ratio is related to the number of people living in the family. If the family has more elderly people, the base of the denominator will increase accordingly. The numerator is the number of family members who travel to and from a certain place of work or study every day and then return in one day. On this page Commute rate map Source:ISTAT,2020

It is obvious from the figure that under the same scale, the commute rate of a large area in the center and north of the area is lower than that of other parts. Families living in the southeast to southwest of Milan have to spend a lot of time every day in their own study or workplace. Most of our venues are in areas with low commute rates. Only zones 2 and 3 near the edge of Milan have higher commute rates, and Vimodrone also has higher commute rates.

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2.2Commute purpose analysis

In the direction of commuting, people entering Milan from other provinces and cities in the Lombardy region accounted for the majority. In addition, the commuting movement of residents in the urban area of Milan is also huge. In terms of gender, the number of commuting for women in the urban area of Milan is much higher than that of men. (year 2011)

In 2011, most of Milan's commuting time was between 7:15 and 8:15 (63.7%), which is a privileged time that has not changed since 20 years ago. Commuters leaving the capital are of course earlier, with 22.3% leaving their homes before 7:15, compared with 5.7% of inland commuters.

600000 500000 400000 Milano

300000

Fuori Milano

200000 100000 0 study

work

In 2011, two-thirds of Milan’s 5.59 million commutes were to work, a slight decrease compared with 10 years ago. On the other hand, among the 90,000 residents who leave Milan every

total day, work motivation dominates (95.9%), which is higher than the previous two surveys (2001 and 1991).

Source：I DATI DEL CENSIMENTO 2011 A MILANO _Analisi del pendolarismo per studio e per lavoro a Milano

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.3Commuter analysis

In 2011, two-thirds of Milan’s 5.59 million commutes were to work, a slight decrease compared with 10 years ago. On the other hand, among the 90,000 residents who leave Milan every day, work motivation dominates (95.9%), which is higher than the previous two surveys (2001 and 1991).

On this page Commuter Diagram map Source:moovitapp.com

2.4Commuter tool selection

On this page Commuter tool selection diagram Source:moovitapp.com

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.5 About 15minute city

Although the commuting time for each district within the design range to reach the center of Milan is about 30 minutes, the time for each district to reach the neighboring area is about 15 minutes.

On this page Commute time map

3. Age structure

As the issue of population aging is getting more and more attention, we have conducted more detailed statistics on the age structure in the region. First, analyze the average age in the region and the main age population in each region. It is found that the main population in the region is 18-64 age group, and the average age is around 45 years old.

After that, a more detailed analysis of the population of each age group in different regions was carried out, and the top three regions with the largest number of people in each age group were marked to help us conduct a more in-depth analysis around 15mc

AVERAGE AGE 44+ On this page Average age map Source：www. citypopulation.de

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

3. 1 Elderly population（65+）

First, statistics are made on the number of elderly people in the region through data. The statistics found that, on the whole, the proportion of elderly people in the urban area is generally higher than that in the outside, and the aging problem in the urban area may be more serious.

On this page, top Elderly population map Source:www.citypopulation.de On this page, bottom Elderly population diagram Source:www.citypopulation.de

3. 2 Juvenile population（0-17）

In the statistics of the juvenile population, we found that the proportion of the juvenile population in the urban area is also higher than that in the out-of-city area. It may be that the better quality of teaching and amusement facilities in the city area makes the young population more concentrated.

On this page, top Juvenile population map Source:www.citypopulation.de On this page, bottom Juvenile population diagram Source:www.citypopulation.de

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

3. 3 Adult population（18-64）

Different from the above-mentioned population structure distribution, the young population is more concentrated in the four areas outside the urban area. Among them, Vimodrono has the largest proportion of young people, accounting for 60% of the total population. It can be seen from the Google map that this area is mainly dominated by residential buildings and green areas, and the living environment is better, which may attract more young people to live here.

On this page, top Adult population map Source:www.citypopulation.de On this page, bottom Adult population diagram Source:www.citypopulation.de

4.Gender structure

In the statistical chart of gender structure, we find that no matter which region, there are slightly more women than men, reflecting a slight imbalance in the ratio of men to women in each region. Among them, within the urban area(Milan), the gender ratio of men and women is relatively more different. On this page Gender population map Source:www.citypopulation.de

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

5.Family structure

On this page Family structure map Source:www.citypopulation.de

For the statistics of family population structure, we first counted the average number of households in the five major regions. According to the data, the average family population in the urban area of Milan is the smallest, only 1.71. This shows that in the city of Milan, the amount of two-person households is the most. The largest number, followed by single-person families; and the largest family population is Vimodrono, and this area is also the area with the largest proportion of young people. It can be understood that many young people choose to start their own families here. Families in this area consist of three people. The home is dominated by a two-person family.

The household statistics graphs in different regions are basically consistent with the previous regional population graphs.

On this page Family number map Source:www.citypopulation.de

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

6.Foreign population structure As of 2019, some 277,773 foreign residents lived in the municipality of Milan, representing 19.9% of the total resident population. These figures suggest that the immigrant population has more than doubled in the last 15 years. After World War II, Milan experienced two main waves of immigration: the first, dating from the 1950s to the early 1970s, saw a large influx of migrants from poorer and rural areas within Italy; the second, starting from the late 1980s, has been characterized by the preponderance of foreign-born immigrants. The early period coincided with the so-called Italian economic miracle of postwar years, an era of extraordinary growth based on rapid industrial expansion and great public works, that brought

to the city a large influx of over 400,000 people, mainly from rural and underdeveloped Southern Italy. In the last three decades, the foreign born share of the population soared. Immigrants came mainly from Africa , and the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe , in addition to a growing number of Asians (in particular Chinese, Sri Lankans and Filipinos) and Latin Americans (Mainly South Americans). At the beginning of the 1990s, Milan already had a population of foreignborn residents of approximately 58,000 (or 4% of the then population), that rose rapidly to over 117,000 by the end of the decade (about 9% of the total).

On this page, left Foreign population map Source:citypopulation.de(web) On this page, right Foreign population map diagram Source:citypopulation.de(web)

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

03 SUPERIMPOSITION Through the previous research, we have noticed that the aging problem in the region is becoming more and more prominent. In response to this phenomenon, we have studied several aspects that affect the 15-minute travel of the elderly in this chapter, mainly divided into two points, housing conditions and facility coverage. First of all, we conducted an analysis and research on building density and housing conditions, to understand the areas where the elderly may

frequently frequently have activity in the area and the housing structure here. After that, we established a 15-minute buffer zone for the facilities in the area to analyze and observe the areas with concentrated and insufficient coverage of facilities in the area, to help the later site selection analysis.

1. Aging people and living condition

1.1 Concentrated population area A. Area

Through the superposition of the three maps of building density, urban texture and population density, we can roughly judge the densely populated areas in the area: mainly along the two main roads viale zara and SPexSS11, a large number of people are concentrated, and secondly around Milan Central Station A large number of people are also distributed in several areas of Milan

(especially the area on the east side of the station). The population of the four areas outside Milan is mainly concentrated in the center of each area.

On the previous page, top Building density map Source:ISTAT ,2020

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

On this page, top Building density map+ texture Source:citypopulation.de(web) On this page, bottom Population overlap map Source:ISTAT,2020

B. Street

Population flow map derives a more detailed area of crowd gathering based on the map people’s footprint action data. The color is orange and the darker the hue represents the denser the activity area. Mainly distributed on the south side of municipalio2 area (Central Station), the west side of municipalio3 area, and the southwest side of sesto. Through the investigation of Google Map Street View in these areas, we found that the streets in these places have relatively similar elements: convenient transportation, close to subway stations; more public spaces (squares, parks, sports venues, etc.); more commercial facilities and functional formats mixing.

On this page, top Population flow map Source:DLR global urbanfootprint On this page, bottom Google Street View

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

1.2 Areas where the elderly population is concentrated and living conditions A. Distribution area

The elderly population is mainly distributed on the edge of the old city, that is, the closer to the city center (zone1), the aging is not serious. On the contrary, the communities near the edge of the city are densely concentrated with more elderly communities, and they are mostly close to the main traffic road. The opposite is true in the four areas outside the city, where a large number of

people gather in the center of the area, and the elderly population is correspondingly larger. Through observation, it can be found that most of the elderly people live in apartments with a low number of floors. Except for a small number of buildings that are older, most of the buildings are of relatively good quality.

B.Housing conditions (housing type)

C.Living conditions (rent and living area per capita)

Segrate has the largest per capita living area, followed by milan, and cologno is the lowest, but Milan’s house prices and rents are higher.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

On this page Residential building street view Source:google map

2.Aging population and facilities Stops Bus_Station

The public transport service has an Bus Stop Tram Stop ability to coverBuffer-5min the need of the study Volumn area. The ratioRailofstation-study public transport area Metro Station-study area service of Municipio 2 and Municipio 3 is relatively higher than the others, which could be reached within 5 minutes around the city center. So that the elderly people who live in the center of Municipio 2 and Municipio 3 are satisfied by the public transportation

Stops Bus_Station Bus Stop Tram Stop Buffer-15min Volumn Rail station-study area Metro Station-study area

Stops Bus_Station

On this page, top public transport-5min map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom public transport-15min map Source:openstreet map(web)

Bus Stop Tram Stop Buffer-5min Volumn Rail station-study area Metro Station-study area

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

Rail 5min Volumn Rail station-study area Metro Station-study area

Rail 15min Volumn Rail station-study area Metro Station-study area

On this page, top Rail system-5min map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom Rail system-15min map Source:openstreet map(web) Rail 5min Volumn Rail station-study area Metro Station-study area

2.2 Cultural and school distribution Culture Culture Buffer 15min Volumn

Culture Culture Buffer 15min Volumn Schools kindergarten school university School buffer-15min Volumn

On this page, top Cultural map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom School map Source:openstreet map(web) Schools kindergarten school university School buffer-15min Volumn

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.3 Other service Distribution of the other facility services: it still centralized as the city center is the most densified and then Sesto San Giovanni dose. There are also a quite few community services in the Via Val di Stava even though it’s not much intensified as the center. Moreover, The center of cologno monzese is where retail and other services are concentrated.

Open Space Green Buffer 15min Open Space Volumn

Sports Sports Buffer 15min Volumn

Open Space Green Buffer 15min Open Space Volumn

On this page, top Open space map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom Sports field map Source:openstreet map(web) Sports Sports Buffer 15min Volumn

Shops Shops Buffer 15min Volumn

Shops Shops Buffer 15min Volumn Food Food Buffer 15min Volumn

On this page, top Shops map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom Food store map Source:openstreet map(web)

Food Food Buffer 15min Volumn

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.4 Community service and aging people Doctors The majority of facilities for the old dentist doctors people are private clinics and pharmacies Doctors Buffer 15min Volumn that are intensively gathered in the city center and Sesto San Giovanni. The quantity of hospital is limitedly small or even none in certain areas while the quantity of pharmacy is almost able to meet demands of the study area.

Doctors dentist doctors Doctors Buffer 15min Volumn Pharmacy Pharmacy Buffer 15min Volumn

On this page, top Doctor map Source:openstreet map(web) On this page, bottom Pharmacy map Source:openstreet map(web) Pharmacy Pharmacy Buffer 15min Volumn

Only Sports and Shops Only Food and Shops Only Food and Sports Only Pharmacy and Shops Only Pharmacy and Sports Only Pharmacy and Food Only Doctor and Shops Only Doctor and Sport Only Doctor and Food Only Health Phacilities No Sports and Shops

Only Sports and Shops

No Food and Shops No Food and Sports

Only Food and Shops Only Food and Sports Only Pharmacy and Shops Only Pharmacy and Sports

No Pharmacy and Shops No Pharmacy and Sports

Only Pharmacy and Food

No Pharmacy and Food

Only Doctor and Shops Only Doctor and Sport

No Doctor and Shops No Doctor and Sport No Doctor and Food No Health Phacilities

Only Sports and Shops

Only Doctor and Food Only Health Phacilities No Sports and Shops

No Shops

Only Food and Shops Only Food and Sports

No Food and Shops No Food and Sports

No Sports

Only Pharmacy and Shops

No Pharmacy and Shops

No doctor

Only Pharmacy and Sports

No Pharmacy and Sports

All

Only Pharmacy and Food

No Pharmacy and Food

Only Doctors

Only Doctor and Shops Only Doctor and Sport

No Doctor and Shops No Doctor and Sport

Only Pharmacy

Only Doctor and Food Only Health Phacilities No Sports and Shops

No Doctor and Food No Health Phacilities

Only Shops Only Sports

No Food and Shops No Food and Sports

No SportsN E I G H B O R H O O D

No Pharmacy

Only Food

No Shops P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

04 UNDERSTANDING OF 15MC According to the analysis in the previous chapters, we found that the public service facilities in the study area can basically cover most of the area, mixed with various types of business, and smooth traffic...provides great convenience for the living and life of the elderly. However, in a small number of areas, especially communities with large elderly populations that are not covered by public service facilities, we still need our designs and strategies to improve their living environment. This is also the area that 15mc should pay special attention to (or the area that has the potential to develop into

15mc). Therefore, by superimposing multiple maps such as population density, age distribution, and public service coverage, we found that there are more elderly communities around SPexSS11, at the junction of M2 and M3 areas, and there is a lack of elderly people. Service Facilities. So we decided to select a few blocks in this area that were not covered by the public service as the scope of indepth research.

On this page Framwork of 15mc

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

LEARNING CRESCENZAGO

TRANSFORMING NEIGHBORHOOD IN TERMS OF 15MC AGEING POPULATION POTENTIAL AREA FOR INTERVENTION PROBLEM DEFINITION

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

INTRODUCTION Crescenzago is a district of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 2 administrative division, north-east of the city center. It became part of Milan in 1923; prior to that, it was an independent town. The town is traversed by the Naviglio Martesana canal. Crescenzago houses several historical buildings, most notably a 12th century abbey and several villas from the 18th century. It also has notable green areas, such as part of the Lambro park, as well as industrial archeological features, most notably the abandoned Ovomaltina factory. Crescenzago has been divide by Via Palmanova into northern and southern parts, each area has a different character which make the integration or connectivity between them a real challenge; in different aspects: social, environmental and cultural due to the incoming of new families in the southern side and the types of the new ongoing projects. In a general view this area has a trait of aging population, from our analysis elderly people have the highest percentage of the demographic composition that need actual focus of this issue additional to the transformation of the population that happen as a reason of new projects and the commuting flows from the workers in the area as well as the welfare services and both retail and commerce places. Even before the coronavirus crisis, a key topic of debate among town planners was how to create a sustainable, healthy urban environment that is easy to get around by either walking or cycling, our work is to define the main problematic trait that can cause barrier to reach those goals and advocates the creation of a city of neighborhoods, in which elderly people, families and workers find everything they need in terms of work, retail and leisure within 15 minutes of their home.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION

LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION under the district scale

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

01 TRANSFORMING NEIGHBORHOOD 1. ONGOING PROJECTS

-The site is near the registered office of the RCS MediaGroup S.p.A.

Aree area of around 1.4 hectares. used as an interchange parking area. Linked with metro stationused as an interchange parking area. Parking lots for around 560 car.

Biophilic office of the future:

The biophilic office of the future, where work and nature interact together in harmony, in an organic and horizontal architecture responding to the surrounding context. Project over 50,000 square metres above ground, structured in six sites packed with natural and adaptable light, all layered, rotated and interwoven with each other, sloping down like natural amphitheatres towards the Park.

Rizzoli - Integrated Intervention Program:

Social housing with new models and residential services to generate social mix, integrating green areas and minimising CO2 emissions. -The area close to the project lot is made up of a dense building fabric, with buildings mainly intended for residential and service sectors.

New social housing in Rizzoli Street 137

apartments 70/80 sqm. Different services at the ground floor New public space. new kitchen garden. Project attract proximatly around 550 inhabitants. 70-80 sqm/ 4-5 person.

Rizzoli-Cazzaniga - Subdivision Plan:

The project proposal provides for the construction of a square for public use with access from via Cazzaniga, with the aim of redefining the role of the area with respect to the urban context and placing the main access to the new buildings, also in order to ensure greater usability of the same by the neighborhood.

Crescenzago and Rizzoli neighbourhoods Main residential area Lack of a recognizable centre, train services and barrier Lambro Park. Different pollution and users (Rcs workers / new inhabitants).

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

Via Meucci 47:

The project involves the construction of a new equipped green area, as well as a public cycle / pedestrian link that connects via Meucci with via Beccarini with the construction of a new bridge over the Naviglio Martesana. The intervention also provides for the redevelopment of a stretch of sidewalk along via Meucci. Reconstruction of the sidewalk of via Meucci from house number 47 at the intersection with via De Notari: primary urbanization works, with the deduction of urbanization costs. Green area equipped with street furniture and games for children, as well as a two-way public cycle / pedestrian connection with a green belt from via Meucci to via Beccarini and cycle-pedestrian bridge over the Naviglio urbanization.

Crescenzago 101:

intervention road requalification intervention: construction of a new sewer collector and a stretch of sidewalk. These are public works relating to the private intervention located in via Crescenzago 101, which includes a new residential complex (Social Residential Building).

FORECAST SCENARIO:

New social housing in Rizzoli: Project attract proximatly around 550 inhabitants, 70-80 sqm/ 4-5 person. New workers at Biophilic office of the future.

The parking Area will attract many different users (Northern Crescenzago inhabitants, New workers, and the New families of the social housing project) from all over Crescenzago especially those who use the metro frequently. This parking project gives an opportunity to reduce the number of cars in the area as well as encourage walkability by controlling the number of cars and offer a wild and comfortable pedestrian side.

New Families

New Workers

Parking lots for Metro station exchage

The project will break the physical barrier of the Naviglio Canal by bridge and give an opportunity of gathering two open space with a waterway. Also walkabity could enhance by the new sidewalk from via Meucci to via Beccarini.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

MORPHOLOGY

02IN TERMS OF 15MC 2.1 Morphology

Crescenzago southren area settlments are compose in a fine structure and it is more common in residential areas where blocks of apatments are major one. However in the northren site there are areas with both coarse and fine structures due to the presence of different types of housing buildings and some industrial zones and open spaces green area.

Southren-east side of crescenzago has well-equipped and affordable housing area with organic network roads, urban fabric is residential with open spaces. Residential Blocks: Typical mid-rise 4-8 story residential buildings with a proper parking included but there are any type of mixed-used or retail places. 74

T g

Northern Crescenzago has a Compact and aligned urban fabric with mix-used residential and commercial buildings. Roads has a organic character and the outer aligned with Navigio Martesana. Lorem Ipsum

Residential Block: cluster of dominantly residential buildings with outer large of mixed. In addition for the private garden space this area has such of a larger open garden for the public use inside the block.

Possibilty of ground floor transfomation

Typically mid-rise 3-8 story residential buildings with ground floor establishments opening to street level. 10

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.2 GENERAL UNDERSTANDING

The west part of Crescenzago has demse retail and public services, thus is performing well as a almost 15MC, while the west half of the neighborhood is insufficient to provide either services and commerce to the redidents. So we choose the west half of the neighborhood as our study area. OPEN SPACE OPEN SPACE 5MINS

LIBRARY LIBRARY 5MINS SPORTS LOCATION SPORTS LOCATION 5MINS RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS 5MINS

BUS STOPS METRO STATIONS 5MINS METRO STATIONS

HEALTH GENERAL PRACTITIONER HEALTH GENERAL PRACTITIONER 5MINS PHARMACY PHARMACY 5MINS

RETAIL FOOD 5MINS

RETAIL NON-FOOD 5MINS

ISOLATES CRESCENZAGO RETAIL FOOD RETAIL NON-FOOD

BARRIER AND CONNECTION

298 Via Padova

144 SPexSS11

BRIDGE UNDERPASS SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

图片拍摄日期：11月 2020

米兰, 伦巴第

Google

街景

图片拍摄日期：9月 2020

Google

• River Naviglio Martesana

街景

• Line-2 Metroline

There are two stronge barriers in the neighborhood of Crescenzago, River Naviglio Martesana, and Line-2 Metroline. These barriers devides the neighborhood into three subdivisions with limited links as one bridge and four underpass linking the three part of the neighborhood. These barriers prohibits the accessibility of the facilities and retails of the residents.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

ROAD HIERACHY AND PARKING 2.3 ROAD HIERACHY AND PARKING

problematic intersection

physical barrier

Underpass

problem 4

physical barrier

problematic intersection

underused green space

problem 3

problematic intersection

problem 2

problematic dead-end road

problem 1

parking colonization

Problem of Parking Colonization on Pedestrian there are bunches of road having a bad condition for walking due to a number of car parking alongside the road which also decrease the capacity of car passing.

Problem of Dead-End Road there are main two unreasonable dead-end road resulting in mess parking problem and decrease on traffic capacity.

Problem of Complicated Intersection This has caused a frequent traffic jam and safety problem. In the meantime, some open green spaces surrounding it are underused which has high potential for using as public park and producing social activities.

Problem of Physical Barrier for Social Communit Motorway and railway as a huge barrier for the southside’s ongoing project development and communicating from the south to the hinterland, being harmful to internal integration..

ds e

y a

3 3

tcaiton 4 1

2 4

Legend. Parking Area Green Space Water Railway Motorway Primary Road Residential Road Main Problem Plot Underpass

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.4 SLOW MOBILITY

CYCLE Cycle PathP P Parking for Bikes

The cycle path in Crescenzago is mainly along the river Naviglio Martesana, and along Via Panadova, which means it has little interaction with the inner residential area. The Bike Parking lots distribute evenly Road in theMain neighborhood, some without connection to the cycle path. One-side Pedestrian Green Road No Pedestrian Speed limited Road Pedestrian with Fenced Private Green Pedestrian with Concrete Elevation Pedeatrian Area

The Cycle path is of different charateristic in Crescenzago. two roads are transformed into pedestrian area, where vechicles are prohibited, and one road with speed limitition. 80

The pedestrian continuity concerns the condition of the road, its width, speed and the croosing connecting the pedestrian on the two sides of the road. In Crescenzago, The main road, Via Panadova is the road where there is a concentration of retail, thus the most dynamic area in the neighborhood, which means that this road should be an pedestrian friendly road. The current situation of the Via Panadova is that the west half of the road in Crescenzago has more crossing than the east half of the neighborhood, indicating that the road performs as a barrier in the west half of the neighborhood when the inhabitants gets to the other side of the road to get their daily needs.

Pedestrian Commercial road( Via Panadova) pedestrian with retail No pedestrian Residential area Crossing Crossing on the commercial road Retail

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.5 COMMERCE CONTINUITY

Continous retail along the street Large amount of commercial activities Viaries types of retail Busy

COMMERCIAL STREET

Mainly locates at Via Padova, Via Andriano, and Via Ponte Nuovo, the main inner road in the neighborhood of Crescenzago, and Via Bengasi. Retails in the block Limited commercial activities Limited types of retail

RETAIL IN BLOCK

Cannot serve all the needs ofsurrounding population, thus these people need to complement their daily needs outside the block. Mainly located at Viale don Luigi Orione, Via Dema, Via Privata Dal Pozzo Toscanelli.

Isolated single retail Specific retail Quite Accessible

SINGLE RETAIL

RETAIL FOOD RETAIL NONE-FOOD GATHERED RETAIL IN SINGLE BLOCK CONTINOUS RETAIL ON STREET SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO ISOLATES 17

Evenly distributed in the neighborhood, not in a good commercial environment. They mostly cannot meet the needs of the nearby blocks but are in easy access of the nearby neighborhood.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.6 BUILDINGS CONNECTED TO PEDESTRIAN & RETAIL

171 Via Padova 米兰, 伦巴第

The facade of the groundfloor are the existing space or potential space that can be used for commercial uses or public services. This analysis identifided the relationship between the buildings and the pedestrian connected. Three catergories can be identified. They are" Connected and commerce

CONNECTED& COMMERCE

7 Via Privata Giovanni Verrazzano 米兰, 伦巴第 Google

100%

报告问题

相机：127 米

This type of building mainly distributed on the Via Padova, Via Andriano, and Via Ponte Nuovo, are more open to commercial activities, with retail on the ground floor and easy access from the pedestrian system. Connected This type of building mainly distributed inside the residential area, where is quite for less incomers. The groundfloor of these buildings has the potiential to be transformed into retail or public services if the surrounding can not serve well as a 15MC.

全景照片

CONNECTED

Google

100%

报告问题

相机：128 米

Fenced This type of building mainly distributed mainly in the west of the neighborhood,which area is more quite than the east. Usually, this kind of building has a fenced front yard seperating the pedestrian and the ground floor of the building. It's more suitable to be transforme into pubs, restaurants than into a retail.

FENCED

Google

100%

报告问题

相机：130 米

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.7 OPEN SPACES OPEN SPACE

number

size

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

+++ +++ ++ + ++ ++ ++ ++ +

facility for ther environment usage elder using quality rate

++ +++ +++ ++ + -

+++ ++ + ++ +++ + + ++ ++

+++ ++ ++ ++ + + -

total mark

+++ +++ ++ ++ ++ + + + +

Note: +++ means that it has a mature condition and only need further maintenance and supervision；++ means that it has a certain quality for using but lack of adequate facilities, leading to low usage rate; + means that it is basically unmature for recreation but has high potential to formalize a good place to public communication. 86

8 5 7

4 6

Legend. Green Space Park Sport Area Parking Area Agriculture Water Main Acess Evaluation of Park inside NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.8 PUBLIC SERVICE Public service concern the welfare of the local population, including education ( including kindergarten, primary school, middle school), culture( theather, library, monument, etc), sports, healthcare( pharmacy, general practitioners), economic (banks and ATMs) and postoffice, etc. 15 MC city should enable the residents to get their needed facilities within 15mins. So it require proper distribution of the facilities in order to be easily accessed and achieve social justice. We study the existing public services in the neighborhood in order to figure out the current situation of the facilities and where the inhabitants are not well served by the existing facilities. As Crescenzago is a transforming neighborhood, the incoming Kengo Kuma project will bring new facilities as auditorium and temporary exbition, it will in come cases complement the insufficent in the respect of public service. SCHOOL

NOT IN 15MINS COVERAGE OF LIBRARY NOT IN 15MINS COVERAGE OF MIDDLE SCHOOL NEW OFFICE COMPLEX SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO ISOLATES

HEALTHCARE Healthcare facility including the pharmacy and the general practitioner. These facilities distribute throughout the neighborhood, more dense in the west than in the east. in most part of the area, residents can get healthcare with in 5 mins. 88

Schools distribute evenly in this area. Those students who live in the gray area are not able to get to middle in 15mins.

POST OFFICE There are three post office inside or within short distance of the neighborhood, with no more than 15 mins walk from every block of the neighborhood.

LIBRARY

Only one library in the neighborhood, and this library cannot serve the whole neighborhood. No theater or other cultural public service in this neighborhood

Bank &ATM Two banks in the neighborhood, with service area covering the whole neighborhood. But no ATM exist in this neighborhood.

SPORTS FACILITY Sports facilities are with in 15 minites walk from each single buildings of the neighborhood.

ONGOING PROJECT The newly designed office complex are equipped with auditoriums and spaces for temporary exbihition. To some degree, the new project will improve the insufficient cultural facility situation. NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.9 INCOMING WORKERS

The main industry in Crescenzago is low-technical labor. The main attractor of workers in this neighborhood is the Rizzoli district, with 1580 workers coming here to work. IN terms of commuting, the main working space in the area is with in the 5mins walk(500m) from the metro stations and amost all the working site is with in 15mins walk( 1000m) from the metro stations. And the ongoing project designed by Kengo Kuma, will bring new wokers from the whole city.

15 MINS WALK FROM METRO STATIONS 5MINS WALK FROM METRO STATIONS BUS STOPS METRO STATION INDUSTRIAL BUILDING 0-50 50-100 100-150 150-200 250-1580

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

2.10 OUT GOING WORKERS

The population going out for work distribute evenly in the neighborhood. The new social house, will bring new families into Crescenzago, such bringing new workers in the neighborhood, with in 15mins walk, almost all the inhabitants can get to the nearest metro station. In some area north to the Naviglio Martesana, the residents can not reach the metro station with in 15mins, while there is dense distribution of the bus stops, which can be an alternative transportation method for the neighborhood,

15 MINS WALK FROM METRO STATIONS BUS STOPS METRO STATION OUT GOING WORKERS 0-50 50-100 100-150 150-200 200-238 UNDERPASS SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

03 AGEING POPULATION 3.1 AGEING POPULATION

Crezenzago is an area where the population is highly aged. In nearly half of the neighborhood, the aged people counts for more than 30% of the current population, Among the aged, large portion of the population is above 75 and live alone and most of them live alone, which means that this elderly population needs more healthcare facilitie in their surrounding, in order to cope with the potential emergencies. In terms of the capacity of the elderly people to walk to get what they need, it should be considered the distance between the blocks where the old concentrates and where the retails and facilities locates and the convenience to get them.

Crescenzago can be divided into three subdivisions considering the age population and the existing barrier. 1.North to Naviglio Martesana The least aged, connected with area 2 by bridge. 2.Between Naviglio Martesana and Via Panadova Most aged, connected with area 1 by bridge, with area 3 by underpass. 3.South to Via Panadova Most barriered by the metro, connected with area 2 by underpass.which is unconvinience for the aged people.

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

3.2 ELDERLY & RETAIL

Neighborhood Crescenzago has mature retail in the west half while in the east half, the commerce activities are not sufficient enough for the aged people to what they want within 5 mins walk( 300m). The west and the middle side of Area 2 has more accessible retails ro meet the daily needs, but in the west, it's hard for the old to get their daily needs. These population, while are among the agest of the old, have to walk further to get the retails. In Area 1, the blocks along Via Andriano, concentrates several retails that can serve the needs of the surrounding blocks, while the elderly block on the west where distributes the most dense elderly population, cannot get any commercial facilities in 5 mins. Area 3 is seperated from Area1 & 2 by the metro way, so that the residents in Area 3 have go through the underpass to get to the other side of the metro line to get the facilities and retail cause there is almost no retail in Area 3, which is quite unfriendly for the elderly population living here. The ongoing projects In Rozzili, the working office and the new social house will, bring new needs and new supply in Area 3, which can cover some of the needs of the elderly population here.

NEW WORKING COMPLEX COVERAGE OF 5 MINS OF ON GOING PROJECTS NUMBER OF RETAIL WITHIN 5MINS >5 KINDS 3-5 KINDS 2 KINDS 0-1KINDS ACCESSIBLE AREA OF RETAIL FOOD NONE-FOOD SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

3.3 ELDERLY & HEALTHCARE FACILITIES

HEALTHCARE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS PHARMACY ELDERLY(>=60) DENSITY (population/m²) 0.004-0.008 0.008-0.012 0.012-0.016 0.016-0.0398 ELDERLY COMPOSITION 60-64 65-69 70-74 OVER 74 SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

HEALTHCARE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS PHARMACY HEALTH FACILITY COVERAGE (5 MINS) HEALTHCARE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS PHARMACY SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

100

ELDERLY BLOCKS & 5MINS WALK OF HEALTH FACILITY HEALTHCARE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS & PHARMACY HEALTHCARE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS PHARMACY NONE SELECTED AREA CRESCENZAGO METRO LINE-2 WATRER SURFACE ISOLATES

The analysis od the elderly composition shows that large portion of the elder people in east Crescenzago is even more than years old, which indicates that the population who lives there needs more healthcare facilities in case of health emergencies. Only one third of the area can get access to both health facilities ( pharmacy, healthcare general practitioner) within 5 mins walk while almost half of the neighborhood cannot get any pharmacy or practitioner within 300m from the residential area. Considering the elderly blocks, only half of the elderly blocks are in coverage of both pharmacy and doctors, while where the oldest population concentrates cannot get any healthcare facility.

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101

3.4 POTENTIAL AREA FOR INTERVENTION POTENTIAL FOR INTERVENTION

Accessibility

A-A Vacant Space

Visual Permeability

Size

A A

vacant space

Service

Vegetation

Abandoned Space

Accessibility

B-B Visual Permeability

Size

B B

river

Service

road abandoned space road

Vegetation

Underused Space

Accessibility

C-C Visual Permeability

Size

C C

road

underused space

road

Service

Vegetation

There are a bunch of areas under bad ustilizing condition, sporadically lying in the whole focus area. It could be categorized into three different spaces related to mainly five aspects-accessibility, size, vegetation, service and visual permeability. There are two vacant spaces, three abandoned spaces and three underused spaces. As for vacant space, it could be conceived of places without any construction and planned intervention. it’s much flexible for furhter intervention and design according to different planning policy. As for abandoned space, most of them are behind any construction and left to green. it aims to bring some intervention for certain reason and objective of protection. As for underused space, it has a high potential to renovate and build a mature recreational place on the basis of its existing relatively good condition.

102

Legend. Vacant Space Abandoned Space Underused Space Green Space Water Main Acess

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

103

PROBLEM DEFINITION

104

TO ACHIEVE THE OBJECTIVE

INTERNAL ORIGIN EXTERNAL ORIGIN

TO ACHIEVE THE OBJECTIVE

HELPFUL

HARMFUL

TO ACHIEVE THE OBJECTIVE

1.Formulated a relatively mature commercial street -Via Padova. 2.Compact urban tissue locates in the north of Via Palmanova. 3.Have a relatively good public transportation system.

1.There are a bunch of vacant spaces for intervention of regeneration. 2.Two ongoing projects will bring new public services and commercial activities as well as new blood and vitality. 3.Several array of ground floors have a potential to be transformed.

1 2 3

1.Aging problem: facility insufficient with 5 minutes(health/recreation/retail) 2.Low use rate of open space. 3.Insufficient public services, especially cultural services. 4.Inconvenience for walking and biking. 5.Uneven distribution of retail. 6.Social communication problem: Motorway and railway as a huge barrier.

1.Two ongoing projects could put a quite more pressure on local infrastructure. 2.New workers and redevelopment projects have a potential to increase local rental cost.

Facility problem: Insufficient health/recreation/retail for the needs of the elderly Barrier problem: Motorway and railway as a huge barrier for the southside’s ongoing project development and communicating from the south to the hinterland, being harmful to internal integration. Open space problem 1) Low use rate of open space.

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105

STRATEGY AND DESIGN

106

Refurbishment of pedestrian (combined with retail and public services. Improvement of cycle system (bike station, cycle lane). Incentives for less car-use while enhance citizen’s sense of safety (Speed limitation, parking fee, Parking ban)

Transforming a certain abandoned open space into new parking theme park Update exisiting park with new design and facilities Reuse the abandoned space and renovate its building Develop a certain underused open space for recreation

Free the ground floor of building next to pedestrian for retail use Insert commercial facilities in social house Multi-use of the parking ( temporary market) Insert healthcare facilities in public projects and where it lacks

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107

UNDERSTANDING OF 15MC

108

STRATEGY AND DESIGN MASTER PLAN SLOW MOBILITY STRATEGY OPEN SPACE STRATEGY RETAIL AND SERVICE STRATEGY ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY CONCLUSION

NEIGHBORHOOD P L ANS FOR T HE 15-MIN CIT Y

109

Master plan of all strategies

110

Mobility system As for mobility, we aim to achieve sustainable and environment-friendly neighborhood through mainly three strategies as follows: 1.Cycling as a key factor towards a sustainable mobility. 2.Walking at the heart of urban life. 3.Incentives for less car-use while enhance citizen’s sense of safety. Existing

Strategies & Actions street

Open street

Railway

Living street 30 miles/h zone

Open and green system As for open & green space, we aim to fulfill "Public space,Public Life" though mobility strategy above and renovation of targeted open spaces, mainly divided into three groups for quality improvement: Existing

Strategies & Actions Agriculture Green space River

Functional open space Semi-functional open space Semi-functional open space

Retail and service system It mainly takes three strategies to meet citizen needs of their daily life as possible : 1.Being parallel with mobility system, the groundfloor on the open street where has a mature condition of retail and services is about to be transformed for better use. 2. Insert a new community center. 3. Re-use abandoned buildings into new facilities like a new high school. Existing Strategies & Actions Building form

Groundfloor transformation Re-design of Groundfloor New construction Abandoned building renovation

Others Open Air Activities

Drinking Water

Benches & Picnic Table

Bazar & Local Market

Greenary

Playground

Remove Boundries

Remove Car Parking Around

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111

112

Slow mobility strategies for sustainanble and healthy Crescenzago Background The pandemic changed our habits, challenged our lifestyles, disrupted our daily priorities and limited freedoms that seemed unquestionable. Among the things we are missing the most in our cities during the lockdown, one in particular remains a universal essential need: moving around.Although not immediate, the gradual reopening of the city is getting closer and closer. We will soon be able to move around again and integrate physical activity into our daily routines. Thus, transforming Crescenzago into 15-minutes neighborhood becomes more and more urgent, which could decrease the hugh number of people gethering in the city center. To achieve this goal, we to find solutions to adapt the city - particularly infrastructure and public spaces - to the new social distancing measures needed to coexist with the virus and meet people daily demands as possible. As the Milan 2020 Adaptation Strategy foresees, the current health crisis can be an opportunity to decide to give more space to people and improve the environmental conditions in the city, increasing more sustainable, non-polluting, means of travel and redefining the use of streets and public spaces for commercial, recreational, cultural, and sport purposes, while respecting physical distance requirements. Under this situation, in order to diversify the mobility offer, cycling and walking gradually become an alternative, healthier solution to support collective transport.

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Existing plan and case study in Milan for cycling With regard to the mobility issue, the Milan 2020 adaptation strategy plans to rethink the city's schedules and rhythms in order to reduce and distribute the demand for travel throughout the day, and aims to further improve and diversify the mobility offer, implementing and exploiting the full potential of public transport and rapid mass transport infrastructures such as metros and LRT, while promoting the use of a sustainable and active mobility and shared means of transportation. The planned actions are consistent with what was already foreseen in the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PUMS) approved in December 2018: in order to promote an effective active mobility, the plan will include a system of cycle paths (supporting frame), both radial to connect with the city's districts which are further away from the center and with the municipalities of the metropolitan city, and circular and transversal to encourage systematic travel between the different urban centers. The main routes will be integrated with widespread cycling paths and moderate traffic areas (30 km/h zones) for a safe and livable mobility within the neighborhood. the project is meant to complement the "Città 30" strategy foreseen by the PUMS, which involves the expansion of 30 km/h zones, particularly along the ring road. Most of the new 30 km/h zones will be implemented through sign-posting only, while the rest will involve structural elements for speed control and road safety, and the extension of pedestrian and green spaces. The cycle network will connect new and existing 30 km/h zones and will use signposted cycle lanes with more linear routes and/or simply indicated along 30 km/h zones or roads shared with other vehicles.

Cycle network planned by the City of Milan’s PUMS

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The new cycle path along Corso Buenos Aires

Existing plan and case study in Milan for Walking PGT：The Milan 2030 Territory Management Plan (PGT) identifies a network of potential pedestrian areas for traffic control and urban care interventions, that could contribute to an improved quality of life, both from an environmental and social point of view. The network is conceived as the backbone of collective urban life, at the center of the neighborhoods, with the aim of attracting small businesses, art and craft activities, and the connection of socio-cultural and community services. Coherently, in this moment of emergency, the main interventions will be focused within and in connection with the individual neighborhoods, with the goal of guaranteeing better access to essential services, reopening restaurants and resuming other commercial activities, expanding outdoor areas for exercise and cultural/sports activities in a safe environment. Towards “Città 30” (30 km/h city)：The "Città 30" provides for a 30 km/h speed limit for about 60% of the whole urban road network, replacing the current 50 km/h speed limit foreseen by the Highway Code in all residential areas.Speed moderation brings significant benefits in terms of quality of urban spaces, increased safety and accident reduction, reduced dust and emissions caused by traffic. Building a "Città 30" means: revisiting the functional classification of the road network, restoring the appropriate function to commercial and residential streets, reducing traffic and increasing livability;identifying "Environmental Islands" (30 km/h zones) in the city's main sites, reinforcing speed moderation measures, enhancing traffic control , redesigning public space and landscaping, in response to the potential increased demand for active mobility.

Green TrentaMi: a 30 km/h zone experiment in Milan, Via Rovereto.

"Piazze Aperte", before and after the tactical urban planning intervention in Nolo (Via Spoleto, Via Venini).

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Strategy map of slow mobility

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Walkability strategy aimed to achieve environmental-friendly neighbourhood goal

1.Cycling as a key factor towards a sustainable mobility a. Improvement of cycle system: design a mature cycle lane system, making citizen be able to use bicycle to arrive their destination from traffic station. b. Input couples of sharing-bike sites.

2. Walking at the heart of urban life a.Return public space from the street to citizen for their social activities. b.Refurbishment of pedestrian: fix the discontinuity of existing walkway through design of pedestrian system. c.Formulate 30miles/h zone to guarantee the safety of walking at the street. 3.Incentives for less car-use while enhance citizen’s sense of safety: a. Speed limitation on some roads in related to 30 miles/h zones where aim to extend their walkways to stimulate people walking frequently and producing social activities. In the meantime, it could improve the degree of road safety. b. Increase the parking fee. c. Ban parking on some residential roads where plan to change into walkways. d.Subsidize bike buyers and lower its tax.

egend Paring Site Green Space Intervening Open Space Agriculture Water Existing Cycle Lane Onging Cycle Lane Planning Cycle Lane Widening Pedestrian Banned Parking Road Underpass Sharing-bike Site

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Structure of new cycling system

Strategy map of slow mobility legend Main Cycle Lane (Action 2) Secondary Cycle Lane (Action 3) Existing Cycle Lane (Action 1) Ongoing Cycle Lane (Action 1) Open Space Sharing-bike Stop

As for cycling strategy as a key factor towards a sustainable mobility, the primary action is to design a mature cycle system in accordance to PUMS.The new cycle system is designed to increase the accessibility of open spaces within Crescenzago and guaranteen people could reach to their home from public traffic stations.The new cycle system consists of three specific different actions as follows：

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Location of action 1

Action 1: Intervention involving signage and maintenance Object：Existing and ongoing cycle lanes Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company. There are three cycle lanes with a relatively good condition, only lack of signages to inform car with limited speed and maintenance for the future use.

Before

After

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Location of action 2

Action 2: Open streets with two-way cycling lane Object：Main cycle lanes Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company; ground floor owners. 1.Widen existing pavement alongside the ground floor with different commercial activities, and insert new cycle lanes that intersected with parking plots and outdoor service from bars or restaurants. 2.Insert two-ways cycle lanes through moving the parking into the middle curb of the road.

possibility 1

Before

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possibility 2

After

Before

After

Location of action 3

Action 3: Single-way cycling intervetion Object: Secondary cycle lanes Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company. Only insert unilateral cycle lane and remain one side for parking alongside due to its relatively narrow space, where the pedestrains are relatively wide enough.

Before

After

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Strucutre of new walking system

legend Open Street (Action 1) Returning Pedestrian (Action 2) New Path (Action 3) Existing Pavement Open Space Sharing-bike Stop

As for strategy of walking at the heart of urban life, its main conception is about "returning space to people"seens streets as public spaces rather than traffic space. In the meantime, it is required to plug in new design of pedestrians to make people keep social distances while they use these spaces for social gethering. We plan this mature walking system to guaranteen people could safely and comfortablely reach anywhere within Crescenzago, which includes three specific actions.

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Location of action 1

Action 1: Build "open street" Object: The backbone streets Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company; groudfloor owners; vendors; . In accordance with new cycling routes, widen existing pedestrians where the ground floors are filled with a certain number of retails and service facilities while reserve a certain number of parking alongside the street to leave a natural space for safe social distance. Hence, it could transform them into pilot projects as open streets, which have room for soci-economic activities.

Before

After

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Location of action 2

Action 2: Return space for pedestrian Object: Pedestrian with few space Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company; car-user near these streets. Widen or add new pedestrian into where occupied by parking alongside the street. We provide two possibilities as follows:1.remove the parking into the middle curb of the road to make room for walking; 2. reserve one side of parking at street through lauch ban parking policy on the other side.

possibility 1

possibility 2

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After

Location of action 3

Action 3: Insert new paths for continuity Object: New pedestrians Actor involved: Municipality of Milan; Traffic Bureau of Milan; Traffic construction company; . Insert a small number of paths to dredge the discontinuous pedestrians for better accessibility of each block.

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All actor involved Public Administration Association： Municipality of Milan-the major actor to lead this project to implementing, evaluating and monitoring, corporating with private investment companies.

NGO association Green lifestyle association-advocate its conception through initiate compains like“take street back”. Community association of Crescenzagoorganize community activities and incentives on residents join walking competition.

Private investment Company: Bloomberg Associates and NACTO: build a collaborated company with the Municipality di Milano and inaugurate a feasible plan for slow mobility.

Consultant company Systematica, a planning and engineering consultancy firm specialized in Town & Transport .

PON Metro funds The Multi-fund National Operational Programme Metropolitan Cities 2014-2020(PON METRO) implements one part of the initiatives conceived in the framework of European Urban Agenda for cohesion policies, born with the aim of strengthening the role of the big cities and their territories.

Direct beneficiary Residents-get involved into workshops, voting for their favorite programme. Bike sallers or lenders are willing to advocate this plan and vote for it.

Leading role

Construction role

Expert role

Assistant role

Sponsor role

Consultant company Construct the whole plan and take benefits from these. Direct beneficiary role

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Incentives for more cycling & walking iinstead of car

Actor

For policy on car: 1.Speed limitation on some roads in related to 30 miles/h zones where aim to extend their walkways to stimulate people walking frequently and producing social activities. In the meantime, it could improve the degree of road safety. 2.Increase the parking fee. 3. Ban parking on some residential roads where plan to change into walkways. For policy on cycling and walking 4.Subsidize bike buyers and lower its tax. 5.Reward programs for regular bike users and walkers.

Actor

Policy Mechanism It’s supposed to use the bandwagon effect to lead more citizens to change their behaviors. We plan to allow NGO like the local organization of low-carbon lifestyle to make certain activities to set off a trend of walking more, cycling more. For example, it plans to create a “take street back” activity to encourage residents to come to the street and make furtherly lasting influence on reminding citizens lived in Crescenzago walk more on the streets , which it mainly carries out some performances and recreational activities on the new widened pedestrians. At the meantime, it also tries to adopt the naming and shaming effect to monitor residents behaviors. Through collecting the data on walking time and pedestrian traffic flow, we can compliment the three highest communities and pay some rewards as public funds of their community.

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Short term Providing Pedibus service 1. Organizing collective walking trips towards the neighbourhood activity centres (gathering places, clinics, ect.) aiming at increasing the physical activity and perception of security. 2. Implement the flagship project Via Padova first, where operate a Taking the street back compain to encourage citizen participation and falicite the street transfomation. 3.Locating sharing-bike stops strategically. 4.Widen some certain pedestrians which are quite narrow and lack of facilities or design to help people keep in social distances.

Actor

Medium term

Actor

Improving dedicated pedestrian paths 1. Implememting on the rest of targeted streets under the effect of the flagship project. 2. Improving the main pedestrian paths with adequate safety condition, effective way-finding and well equipped rest facilities.

Open Space

Exiting Middle School

New School

Open Space

Social Housing Open Space

Open Space

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Long term

Actor

Implementation mechanism Goverment leading and muti-participating 1.Formulating: led by the collaboration among Municipality di Milano, Bloomberg Associates and NACTO, providing feasible strategies and actions for the project 2. Processing:led by Systematica, Experts and Residents, Systematica provides construction comments with municipality di Milano; Expets assess feasibility of the project and provide professional suggestions; Residents get involed into voting for their favorite programme. 3. Construction: led by construction company. 4.Support: funds from PON Metro funds.

Monitoring the integrated cycling/pedestrian network Monitoring the cycling and pedestrian network, users’ behaviour and active mobility patterns in general; Maintenance in accordance with the report from monitoring.

Primary Park

Exiting Middle School

l Open Space

hurch

New Office Complex

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Open Spaces Strategies To Connect Pepole And Street Public spaces more than "just a space" Many open spaces are poorly connected and therefore not as well used as they could be. The main strategy of open space is to encourage walkability in the neighborhood and overcoming barriers by connecting all open spaces as possible by creating comfortable, walkable, and safe pedestrian and cycle lanes as well starting from Paco Lambro to Parco Adriano linking all the green open spaces in the neighborhood. So a well functioning network connects all the public spaces attractively and invitingly this will give a trait of alive when people are present so we should invite people from one space to the next and find a plan for activities with a wide range of interests and all age groups. A fine network for people has a strong focus on pedestrian and cycle lanes to reach a well-functioning network that attracts a broad range of activities. A good network aims to create an inviting neighborhood at all times and to be active as possible throughout day and night. This makes Crescenzago more walkable neighbor, interesting and safety

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Open Spaces Strategies Map and Mobility Overlapping:

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Strategy map of functional space:

Functional Open Spaces:

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Generally, in a good situation to be attractive and useable, highly accessible and located already in a seeable location, so we need to activate those spaces to be optimized and activate social and community activities as much as possible in the neighborhood.

Objectives: "Public Space; Public Life"

"Active During All

Is to make open spaces part of social daily life and connected people and offer convenience and quality of life, and give them a trait of multi-functional community space, with a variety of activities and make them feel invited to participate.

Actions: Organization of events related to the benefits of staying daily time in open green area. create portable boothes for Bazar and local Markets (events) by local actors. Promote fitness and open air activites by define a speicial area in each space.

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Actors: Municipality di Milano

PON Metro funds

LabGov

Milano Sport

Amici Casa della Carita:

Politicians- Promoter for "Public Space; Public

ANPI Crescenzago Community

General interest (participation in community bazaar and open market in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life"

Existing Policies: The Milan 2020 adaptation strategy plans:

Public spaces more than "just a space"

PUBLIC SPACE and WELLBEING | Reclaiming space for exercise: - Encouraging the use of public outdoor space to host cultural and sporting events by making said spaces more easily available. This involves a simplifications of the current procedures to allow the organizers to respect capacity limitations and distancing requirements while avoiding increased costs. - Allowing the reopening of sports venues for training and for the use of the green areas and community gardens for outdoor sports activities.

Mechanism: To establish a weekly Bazaar and open market (taxation free) by the Crescenzago Community association surround open spaces to be more interesting and involve more inhabitants to participate. Sponsor Milano Sport Organization to manage and organize free outdoor sport activities (Yoga, Zumba, ..ect) for each categories (children, adult and elder people), this sponsorship can be make by the LabGov to advertise and fund those activities.

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Strategy map of semi-functional space:

Semi-functional Open Spaces:

Generally, small-size open spaces located on sub-street in the neighborhood so we expected that spaces should be feeling liveable, home to stay more and safe place for all categories.

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Objectives:

More greenery and inviting, lively green spaces.

Create a lively and safe public space for all.

Create varied and diverse invitations for staying.

Actions: Refurbishment of greenery in each area to ensure open space attractiveness. Sources for drinking water that help staying more time during the day. Create portable boothes for Bazar and local Markets (events). promote fitness and open air activites by define a speicial area.

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Actors: Municipality di Milano

PON Metro funds

LabGov

Milano Sport

Amici Casa della Carita:

ANPI Crescenzago Community Landscape Architecture Nature Development MM public water company

Politicians- Promoter for "Public Space; Public

Special interest (fund resource) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (Media and social event sponsorship) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (Organization and participation for outdoor sport activities in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (participation in community bazaar and open market in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (participation in community bazaar and open market in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life" Expert (renovation for greenery and landscape) for "More greenery and inviting, lively green spaces." Expert (settle a new sources of drinking water in open spaces) for "enhance staying."

Existing Policies: The Milan 2020 adaptation strategy plans: Open squares in every neighborhood: Developing large-scale tactical urban planning projects in support of pedestrianization, especially around schools and amenities and in neighborhoods with fewer green areas, to provide spaces for children to exercise and play.

Mechanism for others actions: Supporting fund by PON Metro funds to collaborate with LAND and inhabitant to regenerate the greenery spaces and take care of plants. Supporting fund by MM public water to establish numbers of drinking tap water.

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Strategy map of unfuntional space:

Unfunctional Open Spaces:

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Generally, medium-size open spaces are located in interested access that links other spaces in the neighborhood but unfortunately unusable, the strategy is to operate them by creating a quality environment and make welcoming place by add benches and picnic table and enhance the greeny plants.

Objectives:

Environment quality; Plant trees to enhance green fingers.

Open Space; Place like home.

Actions: Create playgrounds in spaces to encourage children and adults for physical activities. Add benches and a few picnic tables to make the place more liveable and homey to staying more. Refurbishment of greenery and plant new trees for shading. Create portable booths for Bazar and local Markets (events). Promote fitness and open-air activities by defining a special area. Add sources for drinking water.

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Actors: Municipality di Milano

PON Metro funds

LabGov

Milano Sport

Amici Casa della Carita:

ANPI Crescenzago Community Landscape Architecture Nature Development MM public water company ASTECO

ItaliaKids

Politicians- Promoter for "Public Space; Public

General interest (supply for urban playground and equipments).

Mechanism for others actions: Municipality di Milan open a tender or a call for supplement of urban and street furniture in a collaborative way. Supporting fund by PON to establish a various type of playgrounds and equipments from Italia kida.

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Strategy map of intervention space:

Intervention On Open Spaces

To complete the path from Parco Lambro to Adriano we can intervene in some space to be green space, that will make Crescenzago has a balance of green spaces distribution and enhance people to reach any of those spaces within 5 minutes mostly.

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Objectives:

Open Space 10 actions: To invert the green space into a a lively open space to remove pakring lot around the space. Plant trees and create a comfort environment.

Actors: Municipality di Milano

PON Metro funds

Amici Casa della Carita:

ANPI Crescenzago Community Landscape Architecture Nature Development MM public water company ASTECO

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Politicians- Promoter for "Public Space; Public

Special interest (fund resource) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (participation in community bazaar and open market in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life" General interest (participation in community bazaar and open market in Crescenzago) for "Public Space; Public Life" Expert (renovation for greenery and landscape) for "More greenery and inviting, lively green spaces." Expert (settle a new sources of drinking water in open spaces) for "enhance staying." General interest (supply for urban and street furniture, benches and table) for "enhance staying."

Retail and service for proximal Crescenzago Background Crescenzago is an almost 15MC, with rich retail and easy accessibility of public transport interms of retail and services. But at the current situation of Covid-19, the easy accessibility of retail and service become a focus of public discussion, However, in Crescenzago, many retails in Crescenzago had been shut-down for the poor dynamic. The Crescenzago is an transforming community where plenty of new projects is or will be taking place, especially south Crescenzago, which means that new population will come into the neighborhood and bring new dynamic to the community. In order to reactivate Crescenzago, it is important to activate the population in the neighborhood or will be in the neighborhood to take intervention in the re-activation of the neighborhood.

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Strategy map of retail ans service

NEW MIDDLE SCHOOL

CO-WORKING

ELDERLY-O

VIA PADOVA REACTIVATION

SOCIAL INTEGRATION CENTER

GROUND FLOOR INTERVENTION IN DESIGN

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GROUND FLOOR INTERVENSION GROUND FLOOR TRANSFORMATION VIA PADOVA RE-ACTIVATION GROUND FLOOR RE-DIVISION GROUND FLOOR INTERVENTION IN DESION

GROUND FLOOR TRANSFORMATION

ABANDONED BUILDING RENOVATION

ORIENTED RETAIL &SERVICE CENTER

Ground floor intervention includes two types of intervention, intervention in the built environment and the intervention in the ongoing project. The intervention on the built environment ia mainly conducted by the financial incentives or tax reduction given by the municipality while the intervention in the ongoing projects will need the design of the interrior space.

GROUND FLOOR RE-DIVISION

SOCIAL INTEGRATION CENTER CO-WORING NEW MIDDLE SCHOOL The abandoned building in the neighborhood Crescenzago can be development material for the renovation of the community, which can complement the needed facilities, including the new middle school north to NAVIGLIO MARTESANA, social integration center for the social cohesion of the new residents, new workers, and people of different background, and the coworking office for the citizens.

NEW CONSTRUCTION ELDERLY ORIENTED RETAIL & SERVICE CENTER In order to satisfy the need of the elderly in the east Crescenzago, the project require a new construction in the vacant space on Via Privata Pietro Della Valle to provide retail and service ina short walking distance.

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Retail Intervention Reference

A Toolbox for Public and Private Actors

The construction of a “toolbox” presupposes the development of an integrated strategy capable, on the one hand, of directly involving the urban set-up and the spatiality of divested surfaces and, on the other hand, of defining a model of participatory governance able to achieve positive results from the urban regeneration interventions.

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The strategic policies and inter enlightening when searching fo activation of the ground floor r the Developing agreements wit define regulated and subsidised lease, interest-free loans; Defining local taxation incentiv craft businesses and new creati through significant reductions and advertising tax, and throug onerous ground floors;; Organizing public events and lo within and outside the local com

rventions (software) are or the appropriate strategy for the retail. Such as: th the owners of vacant spaces to d rentals during the first months of

ves to activate new retail and ive and cultural productions, both in the Tari tax (waste tax), stallages gh changes of intended use on non-

ocal festivals to foster dialogue mmunity.

Projects and tools (hardware) that are appliable in Crescenzago: Development of interventions of progressive pedestrianization of retail routes and public spaces within the urban and historical fabric with a view to incentivizing pedestrian and cycling flows; Retail parking spaces, in particular for person with reduced mobility; Diversification and complementarity of the urban offer, through new forms of proximity retail: definition of design approaches and guidelines for the activation of new commercial services of protection of residential proximity, by using the opportunities generated by any dedicated regional tenders or by additional building rights obtained as premium on the local level.

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Strategy mapFLOOR of groundINTERVENSION floor GROUND

GROUND FLOOR TRANSFORMATION

GROUND FLOOR RE-DIVISION VIA PADOVA REACTIVATION

GROUND FLOOR INTERVENTION IN DESIGN

Ground floor intervention includes two types of intervention, intervention in the built environment and the intervention in the ongoing project. The built environment intervention will be on Via Padova and Via S. Mamete. Due to the Covid-19, some retails on Via Padova had shut down. For years, Via Padova has been the center of commercial activities in Crescenzago, the re-activation of Via Padova is urgent for the local population, also for the incoming inhabitants in new social house and office building. The transformation on Via S. Mamete is dedicated to enrich the retail and services in north Crescenzago, and provide better feasibility of service and retail for the elderly people in north Crescenzago. The intervention in the ongoing projects will be the actions on the projects, The Green Between, Welcome, Feel at Work, and the project New Urban Life. The project URBANA New Living is an constructed social house with health care facilities, and the ground floor is mainly for community service. The action Ground Floor Re-division in URBANA New Living hopes to arrange the ground floor reasonably. The actions taken in the projects The Green Between and Welcome, Feel at Work will be at the design phase, by giving instruction to the design companies and the leaders of the projects the needed services and retails.

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Actors involved

Municipality of Milan

Europa Risorse ( investment management firm)

REDO SGR S.p.A( real estate investment management benefit company with a social impact, through the promotion of social housing, student housing and urban regeneration)

Agenzia dell Entrate (tax agency)

ARW Architects Kengo Kuma and Associates (Architecture design company) Avanzi - Sostenibilità per Azioni (Research, strategic advice, incubation, space regeneration, impact finance, communication: Sustainability for actions) Politecnico di Milano

Amici Casa della Carita ( NGO, promoting social inclusion projects and awareness-raising actions on the issues of hardship and marginalization ) Fondazion Cariplo ( non-frofit fund)

Fondo Immobiliare di Lombardia( an extension of the Abitare Sociale 1 Fund)

FIA – Fondo Investimenti per L’abitare(real estate fund reserved for qualified investors operating in the social housing sector)

PineBridge Benson Elliot (private equity real estate fund manager) Fondazione Housing Sociale (developing the Social Housing Project and promoting the development and strengthening of the sector according to the values of the Cariplo Foundation)

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VIA PADOVA RE-

Shut-down Stores Pedestrian Cycle Path Future Retail Possibilities Street Retail

279 Via Padova

253 Via Padova

图片拍摄日期：11月 2020

米兰, 伦巴第

Google

街景

After the construction of the street space on Via Padova, the widen pedestrian space will be able for investors to hold comtemporary retails on pedestrian, The use of the public street space will be the attractor for the gathering of the local residents. Combined with the tax incentive given by the municipality, the closed retail spaces will be rent again and serve the neighborhood. The re-activation of Via Padova is composed of two 图片拍摄日期：月asctions. 1. Street retails to bring dynamic to Via Padova. 2. Tax reduction for the investors who rents the shutdown ground floor properties to encourage investors invest 图片拍摄日期：月 in Via Padova. 2

图片拍摄日期：2月 2021

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2021

Taxes on Closed Down Retail Surfaces The Taxe sur les Friches Commerciales (TFC)

Every town council can now decide whether to impose a tax on underused retail surfaces on approval by the town council. It is a yearly tax calculated on real estate valuations by the General Tax Department. The tax is 10% in the first year, 15% in the second year and 20% from the third year onwards. Town councils can decide to increase this tax but not by more than double (increasing it, then, by 20, 30% and then 40%).

Construction of Via Padova SHORT TERM 1. Tax reduction for retail investors. 2. Temporary street retails.

MIDDLE TERM 2. Rent of the vacant property to retail investors. 3. Formalization of the street bussiness.

LONG TERM 1. Running of retails on Via Padova. 2. Maintainance of the street bussiness

Implementation mechanism 1. Amici Casa della Carita organizes the weekly gathering in the early stage to attract the population from the neighborhood gathering on Via Padova financed by Fondazione Cariplo to activate the street. 2. The dynamic and the tax reduction given by the municipality for retail, recreation will incent investors to invest in the vacant property in Via Padova. 3.The allowance from the municipality for the investors to formalize the street bussiness will bring new revenue for the municipality and encourage pedestrian use on Voa Padova.

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GROUND FLOOR TRANSFORMATION

Shut-down Stores Unsufficient Block Existing Retail and Services Future Retail Possibilities

32 Via S. Mamete

米兰, 伦巴第

图片拍摄日期：9月 2020

The intervention on Via S. Mamete is aimed to transform the ground floor of the road to fit into the needs 街景 of the surrounding population, People who live in south Crescenzago, especially the old, cannot get enough retail and services within a short distance. the transformation of the grounfd floor of Via S.Mamete will bring new retail and service with the intervention mainly from the municipality. Currently the ground floor of Via S.Mamete is mainly residencial, the purpose of this intervention is to transform some of the residential units into retail and services. Google

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the Belleville case Retail districts were identified after shop monitoring. If the shop is on sale, SEMAEST can exercise its right of first refusal. If the shop is not on sale, a rental contract is offered to owners for sub-rent to reatil third party or public bodies. At the end of the rental period between SEMAEST and shopkeepers, shops are put up for sale once again.

Existing Policy: quartieri connessi Actions: SHORT TERM 1.Establishment of a mixed capital company with powers to receive and manage both public and private funds with the corresponding obligation to report its actions to the public body funding it. 2.Monitor the property situation on Via S. Mamete by city council 3. If the ground floor is on sale, the company will have the right of first refusal. 4. If the ground floor is for rent, the company will rent the property with an agreement for sub-renting. MIDDLE TERM 1. The company in charge will rent the ground floor to the investors by listing the available property figured out by city concil on municipal website or on the window of the property. 2. The investors will in vest in the property with an agreement of the use of the shops with the company with an comparative low tax rate. 3.Some ground floor will be used for public service (health care) and management. LONG TERM 1. After the rent lease of the ground floor, the company will sale the property to the operationers of the ground floor.

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GROUND FLOOR INTERVENTION IN DESIGN

THE GREEN BETWEEN WELCOME, FEELING AT WORK

米兰伦巴第街景

The project aims to take intervention in the ongoing projects: The Green Between and Welcome, Feeling at Home. The south Crescenzago is in sever lack of facilities and retail, the ongoing projects will bring new opportunity as well as threat to the area. The insufficient retail and facilities will be the burden of the wellbeing of population who lives here and who will be in the area. The construction of the two projects has not been started, the intervention in the two projects will mainly be: 1. technical advice to the projects about the needed facilities in south Crescenzago. 2. Assistance in the renting of the ground floor retail. 3.Monitering the dynamic in the new center.

Retail & entertainment district in Santa Giulia The commercial services of the district will include a rich supply of proximity shops intended in particular for those who will live and work in the district. The presence of shops, bars, restaurants, etc. they will ensure the liveability of the new district throughout the day.

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GROUND FLOOR RE-DIVISION

URBANA New Living

图片拍摄日期：月 The project Urbana New Living has been finished and in the process of renting and selling living units. The project is designed to be a social house with public services. The health service, the pharmacy and the clinic in the project will cover the health needs of the surrounding population, especially the old. But the daily needs of the olderly people are not satisfied by the current situation. This action aims to provide basic retail services to the elderly people live around. The action in the project is mainly about the ground floor re-division and encourage the retail bussiness in the project.

Before

SERVICE

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SHORT TERM 1. The city concil collaborate with the Politechnico, and the project. The city concil will provide data about the retail in the south of Crescenzago, and reaserchers will analysis the quantity of retails and service that is sufficient for the area, and give advice to the project for the ground floor redesign. 2. The design companies ARW architects and Kengo Kuma and Associates re-design the ground floor with the assistance of researchers. 3. re-devision of the grounf floor of project URBANA New Living.

MIDDLE TERM 1. The construction of the projects will conducted with fund from Fondazione Housing Sociale and PineBridge Benson Elliot, etc. 2. The rent of the ground floor to the investors.

LONG TERM 1. the operation of the business and services in south Crescenago, and monitor the dynamic in the bussiness and service sectors.

Main mechanism

1. Use the future income to induce the projects to implement these facilities. 2. Use the future senario to encourage the private retail investors invest in the incoming projects.

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Strategy for abandoned building

NEW MIDDLE SCHOOL

CO-WORKING

SOCIAL INTEGRATION CENTER

The abandoned building renovation includes regeneration of three abandoned buildings in Crescenzago, in order to fit the social needs of the neighborhood, containing the new middle school for the easy access of education for students in north Crescenzago, The social integration center for the integration of people of different background existing in the neighborhood and those who will come to the neighborhood after the completion of the ongoing projects. The third project will be the Co-working building at the heart of Crescenzago to fit into the new situation of remote working.

For the reason that the property in these intervention are abandoned property, the renovation of the property will be led by the municipality. Through the renovation of the property, the useless space will be generated into useful spaces for social use.

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Actors involved Municipality of Milan

Ministry of Health

ARW Architects

Amici Casa della Carita ( NGO, promoting social inclusion projects and awareness-raising actions on the issues of hardship and marginalization ) Avanzi - Sostenibilità per Azioni (Research, strategic advice, incubation, space regeneration, impact finance, communication: Sustainability for actions) Fondazion Cariplo ( non-frofit fund)

Pon Metro (The Multifund National Operational Programme Metropolitan Cities 2014-2020(PON METRO) )

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SOCIAL INTEGRATION CENTER

Social integration center senario 30 米

相机：390 米 45°30'18"N 9°14'44"E

The social integration center is at the heart of neighborhood of Crescenzago. Crescenzago has very complex population composition, with high percentage of elderly people, foreigners, and the incoming projects will bring new population to the neighborhood, the incoming families and the incoming workers. The aim of this project is to provide a space for these people from different background to get to know each other and promote social cohesion. The social cohesion center will be located at the abandoned buidling close to the metro station. After the completion of the project. The social integretion center will hold activities for the citizens, such as gardening courses, cooking courses, reading seminars.

Multi-Generation Houses, Germany The Multi-Generation House is a national programme to promote local projects of mixed-use buildings that accommodates a day-care centre for children, apartments for elderly residents, repair café and other amenities, institutions and services.

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CO-WORKING

Co-working senario 30 米

相机：410 米 45°30'30"N 9°14'50"E

132 米

At the current situation of Covid-19, the working of the citizens has been changed. People who work in distance become vital composition of working people. The intervention aims to create an co-working area that is open to the neighborhood which can provide a seat for people who need to work at home. The project will take place in the vacant next to Via Padova, the most active road in Crescenzago, The location will provide easy access for the citizens and easy access of facilities and retail for people who work in the renovated co-working building. The co-working building will be an revenue gnerator for the Municipality.

Qf/Qwork+Qbaby, Milano

Qf/Qwork+Qbaby is “the” place for the creative working mum. In addition to a number of private offices and conference rooms, this coworking space offers a crèche for the parent who juggling both family life and work life.

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NEW MIDDLE SCHOOL

New middle school

50 米

相机：548 米 45°30'33"N 9°14'36"E

A new middle school will be created for the needs of students in north Crescenzago, who currently cannot reach education within 15 mins of walk.

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SHORT TERM 1. The coopertion between the Municipality of Milano, Fondazione Cariplo, Amici Casa della Carita, Ministero della Salute and local community for the Social Integration Center. 2. The collaboration between the Municipality of Milano and Ministero dell'Istruzione for the construction of the new middle school. 2.The municipality of Milano collaborate with Avanzi to build the Co-working in Crescenzago, with the fund from Pon Metro.

MIDDLE TERM 2. Renovation of the abandoned buildings with the instructions from the Avanzi, Ministero dell'Istruzione and Amici Casa della Carita Ministero della Salute.

LONG TERM 5. Settlement of the new public service and retail in the renovated building. 6. Esbalish of the collaboration between the local community and Amici Casa della Carita to organize the activities in the elderly focused center.

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ELDERLY-ORIENTED RETAIL &SERVICE CENTER

The retail and service center for the old is fosed for the needs of the elderly in the east Crescenzago, who, now, are in severe lack of retail and facilities for daily needs. The new center will complement the situation by providing the elderly the basic needs of them in reachable walking. 40 米

相机：468 米 45°30'30"N 9°15'01"E

126 米

Zivot 90 (established in 1990 in Prague) is a civil society organization whose services now cover all Czech Republic. They include community centres, social engagement and cultural programs, care services, a senior hotline and information support.

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Actors involved ARW Architects

Municipality of Milan

Amici Casa della Carita ( NGO, promoting social inclusion projects and awareness-raising actions on the issues of hardship and marginalization )

SHORT TERM 1. Amici Casa della Carita(NGO) and Crescenzago community organize weekly gatherings in the abdoned area, gathering retail providers, services providers and the neighborhood per week.

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MIDDLE TERM 2. Establishment of a management coalition composed of municipality of Milano, Amici Casa della Carita, private company such as, local community and the management coalition’s acquisition of the vacant property. 3. Construction of the building with fund fromFondazione Cariplo and private company.

LONG TERM 5. Settlement of the new public service and retail in the renovated building. 2. Monitoe the dynamic of the building.

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Master Plan of Pilot Project Pilot project 3 retail intervention on the groundfloor

Pilot project 2 Main street intervention

Pilot project 1 Open space intervention

Three Pilot Projects for Setting Domino Effect In order to guarantee achieving our goal, it'd better to set off pilot projects to lead other areas to implementing our policies and designs as domino effect. We plan to set three pilot projects in related to three different aspects of our strategies. Therefore, we select the main road-Via Padova as the right place for our pilot projects due to it consists of one targeted open space, retail and slow mobility interventions. Pilot 1 is about revitalisation of one open space and its surrounding ground floor. Pilot 2 is one that mainly shows scenarios we make of Via Padova and refurbishes square near the crossroad. Pilot 3 is about integrating the retail on the ground floor with new pedestrian and cyle lane.

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Pilot 1 Detachable tents for leisure

New parking lot Ecological green space

Temporary street vendor

Designed structure in the middle of square

Integrating street vendor with bars on the ground floor

The Inter-connected renovation of open space and its surrounding groundfloor The open space located in the middle of Via Padova was a concentrated parking lot with a certain number of green space near Naviglio.we plan to have a new design and build a small number of structures to attract people mak more social and economic activities here. As for this open space, it consists of three different zones： 1. An multi-functional square lied on the entrance.it aims to redirect the flow from the parking lot into its surrounding groundfloor, where contributes to more soci-economic activities. It will be pluged in a small number of street vendors on the entry of this square for in case the demand of retails. 2.On the right side is it an ecological zone that there are a great number of plants and few of man-made facility. It could ameliorate the microclimate of its surroundings while enable peolpe to some extent get close to the nature. 3. The last zone is adjacent to the Naviglio and it is just designed of a small number of temporary tent structures for leisure and social gethering. As for the street and its groundfloor, due to the widenning pedestrian, it makes room for more social activities like "taking the street back" compain. The main intervention is pluging in a quite few trolleys sponsored by the municipality of milan as street vendors. It locating at the font of some bars and restaurants could formulat a buildup effect to develop its ability of retail service where enables people more easily get their daily stuffs.

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Pilot Project 2

Outdoor canteen New Square service alongside street on the crossroad Narrowed and slowed Bus & stop New cycle lane sharing-bike car-road alongside Naviglio stop

The safer and more pleasant street for walking the life Pilot project 2 locates in the north-central Via Padova where has two complex crossroads and relatively more retails on the groundfloor. It's the crucial node to connect the middle of Crescenzago with its north The actions mainly consists of three aspects as follows: 1. For the street, it is narrowed a half of Via padova into a new two-way cycle lanes and widen pedestrian while reserve a certain number of parking alongside the street to leave a natural space for safe social distance. What's more, it sets 30 miles/h speed limitaiton on Via padova to make people walk through intersections safer. 2. For its open space, adjacent is a buffering sqaure to those two crossroads. We integrate the bus stop with a sharing-bike stop and add a small landscape for leisure and social gethering. 3. For the retail and service facility, we add some falicities like benches into each gap between parking and most of them are in the front of bars or restaurants so that makes an incentive for people using, resulting in stimulating the street economy and social activities.

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Pilot Project 3

Narrowed and Integrated new Pedestrian-oriented slowed car-street cycle lane with crossroad parking Intersection with Outdoor canteen Facility for leisure walking & bike service alongside street alongside the street priority

Incentive on the longer time staying on the Via Padova This section is belong to the end of Via Padova within Crescenzago where it is filled with a great number of residents and exists sufficient retail and service facilities on the groundfloor. However, its big traffic flow and parking occupied the pedestrian make this section quite inactive and a small number of shops shut down during the pandemic of Covid-19. After this long quarantine, people desire to get back to street and have soci-economic activies. Therefore, the transformation of this section is easier and more urgent to be implemented due to its relatively good condition. We have some actions as follows: 1.Again, narrow a half of car-way to give more space as pedestrian-oriented street while integrate the twoway cycle lanes with a certain number of parking alongside the road. 2. Add new service facilities like benches, lightings for incentive on people gethering here. 3.In the meantime, after lowing the tax on rent of retail stores and effect of the other two pilot projects, some new retails enable to set off like bars, groceries and etc, activing its groundfloor and soci-economic activities.

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Economic Feasability: Action

Slow

Cycle lane

mobility Pedestrian

Intervention involving signage and maintenance Open streets with two-way cycling lane Single-way cycling intervetion Locate new BikeMi station Located new cycle station The backbone street/pedestrian Pedestrian with few space/pedestrain Insert new paths for continuity/pedestrain

Ground floor

Ground floor intervention/transformation Meeting with different properties owners for intervention intervention/ Abandoned building renovation/building transformation Change the land use of ground Meeting with different properties owners for renovation Retail & Abandoned building renovation/open space Abandoned building Meeting with different abandoned properties owners services Change the land use of ground New construction New constrction Change the land use via padova retail shop activation/renovation Via Padova activation Meetings and agreement with owners

Creating playgrounds Improve the number of trees Open Spaces Add benches and picnic table activation/attractiveness Refurbishment of greenery Operation cost for garderning Creation of portable boothe bazaar and market

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Source of expences signs lane construction lane construction BikeMi station cycle station pedestrian construction pedestrian construction pedestrian construction

construction/renovation location, mediator, catering,… renovation Adminstrative work location, mediator, catering,… construction/rehabitation location, mediator, catering,… Adminstrative work construction Adminstrative work rehabitation location, mediator, catering,…

playground equipments buying, planting benches/tables planting garderen boothes/stands

Estimated cost price/unit Numbers, sqm 120 € 28.84 € 28.84 € 35,000 1,000 23.76 € 23.76 € 23.76 €

1,700 € 1,500 € 410 € 40 € 1,500 € 1,700 € 1,500 € 40 € 5,000 € 40 € 10,000 1,500

3,500 € 250 € 1,000 € 200 € 3,600 € 10,000 €

42 4,017 3,896 5 5 5,982 619 488

14,371 10 9,787 40 14 2,409 10 25 768 3 20 10

18 120 35 21,600 15 8

Unit

Total cost

unit msq msq unit unit msq msq msq

5,040 € 115,850 € 112,361 € 175,000 € 5,000 € 142,132 € 14,707 € 11,595 €

Total

581,686 €

msq day msq unit day msq day unit msq unit unit day

24,430,700 € 15,000 € 4,012,670 € 1,600 € 21,000 € 4,095,300 € 15,000 € 1,000 € 3,840,000 € 120 € 200,000 € 15000

Total

36,647,390 €

unit unit unit msq space/year unit

63,000 € 30,000 € 35,000 € 4,320,000 € 54,000 € 80,000 €

Total

4,582,000 €

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FINAL CRITICAL LEARNING ON THE 15-MIN CITY CONCEPT IN CRESCENZAGO To include the project of Crescenzago neighborhood, it is essential to reflect upon the concept of a 15-minutes city and how slow mobility, retail and services, and green open spaces have shaped the potential of the neighborhood toward the concept of a 15-minutes city. Crescenzago has a high potential, and a possible future scenario could be built to be a module for a neighborhood act like a small sufficient city with necessary daily needs and basics services. The people in the community have different backgrounds. The 15-minute city should meet the needs of different people’s daily life. In the 15-minute City, there needs to be a variety of facilities to meet the daily life of different people. At the same time, these facilities should be within the reach of the residents, which needs to consider the travel ability of different people, young people and children can travel for 15 minutes to get what they need, but for the elderly who are slow, they need more consideration. Retail and services are mainly focusing on the grand floor transformation and the intervention of some abandoned buildings to add the missing and necessary ones. To enhance walkability in the neighborhood we try to make the street space for all people all day by creating a well-functioning network that connects all the public spaces attractively and invitingly this will give a trait of alive when people are present so we should invite people from one space to the next and find a plan for activities with a wide range of interests and all age groups and activate the public space itself by promoting social and local events by community and inhabitants.

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The scenario of a 15-minutes city could be applied when we consider all necessary services (health care, education, working, leisure hangout, …etc.) and reachability in walking or biking distance. So one of the most important goals in strategics toward the concept is to achieve sustainable and environment-friendly neighborhoods through mainly three strategies; Cycling as a key factor towards sustainable mobility; Walking at the heart of urban life and Incentives for less caruse while enhance citizen’s sense of safety.

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