Re-orienting at eye level: Rubattino - Ortica by UPDStudio

Neighborhood plans for the 15-MIN CITY

RE-ORIENTING AT EYE LEVEL Rubattino-Ortica Group 9

Bilge Su Bildik Delara Tohidi Ghammaz Husnain Hafize Gül Dede Luca Benetta

Master Degree in Urban Planning and Policy Design

Urban Policies Design Studio 2020-2021 Prof. Antonella Bruzzese, Prof. Alessandro Coppola Tutors: Valentina Brambilla, Lorenzo De Vidovich, Antonio Jose Salvador

CONTENTS 01 INTRODUCTION

1.1. REASONING FOR SELECTING ORTICARUBATTINO 1.2. LOCATION/POSITION OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD 1.3. HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK 1.4. DEMOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION 1.5. ONGOING PROJECTS

02 ELEMENTS

2.1. RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2.2. NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICES 2.3. THE PUBLIC CITY 2.4. COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES 2.5. ABONDENED TERRITORIAL CAPITAL 2.6. MOBILITY AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION 2. 7 GENERAL ACTORS MAPS 2.8. STAKEHOLDERS

03 PROBLEM DEFINITION

04 CONCEPT

3.1. SWOT MAP 3.2. MAIN PROBLEM

4.1. THE CITY AT EYE-LEVEL 4.2. OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 4.3. STRATEGIES AND AXISES 4.4. STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES

05 DESIGN PROPOSAL

06 CONCLUSION

5.1. AXIS A 5.1.1. PILOT PROJECT 5.2.2. VISUALIZATIONS 5.2.3. STAKEHOLDERS 5.2.4. FEASIBILITY 5.2. AXIS B 5.2.1. PILOT PROJECT 5.2.2. VISUALIZATIONS 5.2.3. STAKEHOLDERS 5.2.4. FEASIBILITY 5.3. AXIS C 5.3.1. PILOT PROJECT 5.3.2. VISUALIZATIONS 5.3.3. STAKEHOLDERS 5.3.4. FEASIBILITY 5.4. NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICE PLAN 5.5. STAKEHOLDERS GENERAL SCHEME 5.6. TIMELINE

6.1. CONCLUSION 6.2. ANNEX

07 BIBLIOGRAPHY

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

01 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

1.1. REASONING FOR SELECTING ORTICA- RUBATTINO The COVID-19 Pandemic has also prompted a debate to inculcate sustainability in urban environments and an immense aspect is associated with mobility as our current urban conditions do not entirely provide a polycentric model that is feasible for all the citizens and has an evenly distributed network of services or facilities. However, the commerce aspect which is subsequently linked to work has been densely packed in a few pockets around the city and to diffuse the activity in an efficient way remains a challenge but as the pandemic has suggested that remote working can prove to be equally productive as physical presence in an office, the future might be different for some workspaces altogether. Depending on the nature of employment, it could be argued that suitable neighborhoods should be developed or sought after with the intention to build an evenly distributed network of services to foster a polycentric urban environment with seamless accessibility for the neighborhood. For the following research, the neighborhood under speculation is characterized by an Industrial past and one that is going through rapid transformation. The research intends to

investigate the main elements in the neighborhood that correspond to the 15-Minutes City project. The transformation within the neighborhood is also characterized by uncertainty about the functions that will be hosted and the temporal aspect of ıt and the ıntentıon ıs to mıtıgate the rısks and undesired conditions this rapid transformation might propagate. As it appears to be, the neighborhood is evolving independently from the needs and immediate concerns of the inhabitants and since a lot of at stake in the area for various actors, the intention is to bridge the gaps in between and orient the transition in a manner that expands on synergies and not the differences. Besides the transformation proposed by the ongoing projects, there are substantial areas that are either vacant or entirely abandoned. Such spaces can prove potentially quite valuable for the inhabitants of this neighborhood.

On this page: ‘‘Could be there’’ Map Source: Urban Policies Design Studio, 2021

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01 1.2. LOCATION/POSITION OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD NORTHEAST MILANO

The area of Ortica-Rubbatino was of particular interest as it already had a few fundamental components that are required for a 15-Minutes City such as transportation accessibility, residential character and daily life services. Nonetheless, these components were fragmented and the evolution of these two areas has been different from one another which prompts concern for their interaction as well. It was quite evident after some initial research that the area is going through immense transformation and it was another point of interest as it brought forth a challenging question which was how to situate a 15-Minutes City in such a rapidly changing context. The neighborhood is located on the Eastern side of Milano marked distinctly by physical infrastructural boundaries with quite a direct relationship with the municipality of Segrate. The river Lambro runs on the east side of the neighborhood along the highway that serves as another visual boundary. The river and Parco Forlanini are two important ecological elements of the neighborhood that act as landmarks for the neighborhood. On this page: Location of the neighborhood

01 1.3. HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK

The transformation of the area from agricultural land to industrial center and eventually to a residential place is examined in 4 phases in historical order.

In the late 1950s, Rubattino began hosting one of the most important Italian companies operating in the heavy mechanical, tubing and related applications.

FIRST PHASE Ortica was part of the municipality of Lambrate and was added to Milan in 1923. Its name comes from “ortho”, “ortaglia”, which is suitable for agriculture because it can be irrigated by the river Lambro. For a long time it was full of fields and vegetable gardens, from the Middle Ages until the results of the industrial revolution began to be seen.

In 1958, the founder of the factory, Ferdinando Innocenti, was accompanied by his son Luigi. Father and son also started car manufacturing together. The factory and, accordingly, the industrial activities in the district began to experience its golden age. Many workers were both ommuters and settled in most neighborhoods. Restaurants such as La Balera dell’Ortica have now become social venues that workers have stopped by after work. Social life was very lively, especially in Ortica.

SECOND PHASE Ortica became an industrial center at the dawn of the industry between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, when the first railway segment from Milan to Treviglio passed. In the late 1950s, Rubattino began hosting one of the most important Italian companies operating in the heavy mechanical, tubing and related applications. Ortica became an industrial center at the dawn of the industry between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, when the first railway segment from Milan to Treviglio passed.

THIRD PHASE After the ups and downs, Innocenti was taken over by BMC, formerly BMC, and renamed “Innocenti Leyland”. Despite the success of the Mini 90 and Mini 120 car models, the crisis of the 1970s did not save the factory. These were the years of layoffs and in 1975 the factory was occupied and boycotted by workers for 132 days. In the late 1970s, the company saw a temporary recovery. In the early 1980s Maserati cars were built at Lambrate.

On this page:

History of the neighborhood

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

01 Establishment of “MASERATI Spa”, a company that takes control of the lambrate facilities. However, from 1989 to 1993, there was a gradual decrease in the personnel of Lambrate factories until the closing of the historic factory. This situation affected all Ortica - Rubattino neighborhoods.

1.4. DEMOGRAPHICS

FOURTH PHASE Today, there is hardly any trace of the Nuova Innocenti-Maserati factories being razed to the ground to turn them into residential and commercial activities. The buildings that survived and were reborn into a new life are the Innocenti Commerciale office building, which was converted into a nursing home for the elderly through the Pitteri, and the Study Center, which is currently used as a warehouse. The only building remaining from the old production areas is the “Palazzo di Cristallo”, the first of the buildings parallel to the ring road viaduct that is abondened today. The Rubattino Residences, located to the west of the eastern ring road, and a large park extending to the periphery of the historic company in the east, rose adjacent to the “Palazzo di Cristallo”, which became a source of inspiration for other new residential areas in the original neighborhood. To summarize, in time, the district also transformed its profession from agriculture to high industry, and caused the workers of the region to organize independently to meet the needs of the district. Following this, a number of recreational, social and construction cooperatives were formed.Even today, although the factories are closed, the sense of community among Ortica-Rubattino residents is very strong. Today there is a stone inscribed “Milan 3 km”, the distance between Borgo and the first houses in Milan. They say that Ortica residents felt as if they were living in a separate place from Milan and “They are going to Milan”.

The overall demography of the neighborhood is mixed in terms of its composition. Generally, because of the new development, a lot of families have been moving in the area making it accustomed to people from different age groups. The relatively older inhabitants of the neighborhood mainly belong to an elderly age group and because of the presence of educational institutions, mainly University of Milano and Politecnico Di Milano there is also a group of residents that are from a young age group.

On this page: Demographic data

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

01 1.5. ONGOING PROJECTS The following map represents specifically the on-going transformations in the neighborhood. Some of the projects have already been completed (partially) and some are on a halt. For instance, the Scalo Lambrate which is the largest project in the neighborhood commenced by the Municipality of Milano in collaboration with the FS Sistemi Urbani. This project will host social housing units and several university offices along with a well-equipped green space for the neighborhood.

On the other hand, there is another project which is the P.R.U Rubbatino that has already completed the first phase which is one the West side of the highway and the second phase is still in waiting which is located on the East side of the highway and this area plans to host the already existing productive buildings of INNSE. Generally, there are quite a few smaller transformations that will have a substantial impact on the neighborhood.

250m On this page: Ongoing projects

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

Via dei Canzi

Ex-Lambretta Factory

Military Barrack

02 ELEMENTS

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

ELEMENTS

2.1. RESIDENTIAL AREAS

250m On this page: -Residential Areas Map

The neighborhood under research has an identity associated being an industrial area. However, in the recent years the neighborhood has undergone immense transformation that has shifted the outlook from being an ‘Industrial’ neighborhood to a ‘Residential’ one.

Today, the transition continues to expand on residential functions and marks three nucleus characterized by mainly residential functions as the following map depicts.

How many people do you live with in your home?

Area 1 25% 50%

One Two Three

25%

AREA 1

Area 2 AREA 2

24%

29%

35%

12%

One Two Three Four

Area 3 AREA 4 17%

AREA 3

Two 50%

33%

Three Four

Area 4 One Two

33% 67%

Tito, 75 years old Resident of Milano 2 “Ones the neighborhood was really industrial, now it’s changing towards a more residential place (for upper classes)” - Rubattino is different from Lambrate - Ones everyone found job here, now work is locking

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 2.2. NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICES

On this page: -Neighborhood Services Map

The research has pointed out that in the As an estimate, the neighborhood has a medium area under observation, has a general lack of level of private services that are of public services in relation to the number of residents interest. that already live there and the residents this neighborhood aims to accommodate in the future.

What spaces do you usually use for physical activity?

Area 1

Park Gym

33% 67%

AREA 1

Area 2 5%5%

AREA 2

Park

15% 5%

70%

Gym Home Pool Sport

Area 3 AREA 3

AREA 4 29% 71%

Park Home

Area 4 33% 67%

Park Gym

Silvia, 70 years old Resident of Rubattino “Ones the houses are were hold from the railways, but from 70’ they were sold to the occupant. Now the maintenance conditions are going worse. On this page:

- These old houses have a human dimension, not as the new ones. - Today green spaces are residual.

- Poll results for usage of neighborhood services -Visualization of the areas where services are concentrated

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 2.3. THE PUBLIC CITY

On this page: -Public city map

The following map depicts an abundance of public territorial capital. However, there is a lack of continuity in terms of the connections between the public spaces which presents itself as an opportunity as well for spatial intervention.

An important element, that can also serve as an attractor point or a possible head is Parco Forlanini. The park is outside the neighborhood, but it has quite some services that are of quality and could be extended to the neighborhood as well.

How do you rate the quality of the public space (pavements, streets, parks ...) near your home?

Area 1 25% 50% 25%

2 3 4

AREA 1

Area 2 AREA 2

33%

46%

8% 15%

1 2 3 4 5

Area 3 AREA 3

AREA 4

14% 43% 43%

1 4 5

Area 4

50%

3 4

Mario,63 years old Resident of Rubattino “Some of the shutters you see around here are no more shops, in fact they are recently converted in residential units.” - Rubattino is different from Lambrate - Some of commercial activities are here since 1920-40 On this page: -Poll results for public space quality

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 2.4. COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

On this page: -Commercial activities map

The objective of this part of the analysis is to observe the efficiency of the presence of the commerce in order for them be responsive to the various needs of current residents and also the future residence which the ongoing projects attract. Thus, a categorization of large-scale and medium-scale commerce, commercial ground floor buildings responsive to everyday life needs of residents, other types of commerce as one category and also.

the vacant ground floor buildings has been done. The number of vacant buildings is considerably high particularly in the southern part of the neighbourhood most of which have been vacant since years ago. In addition, a significant concentration of commerce in the southern part can be witness. However, going towards the north, the presence of commercial buildings decreases.

Anna, 34 y.old Resident of Oritica “These two shops are closed, the restaurant is open, but now, during the covid, all the shops have closed.” - These old houses have a human dimension, not as the new ones. - Today green spaces are residual.

Where do you usually go shopping? (specific place)

Area 1 11%

11% 45%

33%

AREA 1

Esselunga Rubattino Lidl, via Saccardo Unes via Crescenzago Grocery Store

Area 2 AREA 2

Esselunga Rubattino 86%

AREA 3

Lidl, via Saccardo Grocery Store

Area 3

AREA 4 7%

Esselunga Rubattino

31%

54%

Lidl, via Saccardo Spesa Si, via Ortica Weekly market

Area 4 Esselunga Rubattino

25% 75%

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Unes via Durazzo

02 2.5. ABONDENED TERRITORIAL CAPITAL

250m On this page: -Abondened and vacant areas map

The following map particularly highlights the presence of abandoned and vacant commercial/ retails spaces. Because of the industrial past and the transition of this neighborhood, abandonment can be observed at various scales for instance, some of the spaces are industrial in nature and some subsequently are much more related to neighborhood everyday life services that are no longer active. Similarly, because of the transition, some spaces qualify as ‘temporarily unused’ as there are projects planned to be erected in the future.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 2.6. MOBILITY AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION 55

On this page: -Explosition map of public mobility and traffic mobility

The subject of Mobility seems to be in good health in the neighborhood as there is a diffusion of several bus stops that provide a good connectivity for the inhabitants. However, the impression of the quality of pedestrians and bicycle lanes is that most of the streets have been dedicated to the cars

hence the roads are characterized by slim sidewalks in terms of height and width along with a narrowly painted bicycle lane that disappears on most instances. On the other hand, there appears to be no exclusive bike lanes except Via Corelli that leads to Parco Forlanini.

How do you rate the presence / frequency of public transport in your neighborhood?

Area 1 50%

50%

4 5

AREA 1

Area 2 AREA 2

5% 6% 11% 50% 28%

AREA 3

1 2 3 4 5

Area 3

AREA 4

43%

57%

3 4

Area 4 33% 67%

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3 4

02 2.7. GENERAL ACTORS MAPS

The map catalogues the presence of various actors in the neighborhood. As observed in the research, there is presence of associations formed by the inhabitants that mainly concern the cultural and social landscape of the neighborhood. Some local committees of inhabitants that are also quite functional as they help update, coordinate, and communicate effectively with one another such as Vivi Lambrate and Vivi Rubbatino. However, there exists no synergy between most of the actors as there is no structured network that aligns their concerns. Most of the actors that remain out of the communicative loop are the external ones.

On this page: -General actors map

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

02 2.8. STAKEHOLDERS

The neighborhood is characterized by various on-going developments and most of these developments are stimulated by external actors. Some of the projects, are being dedicated to the public sphere such as the Scalo Lambrate Project and the involvement of Politecnico Di Milano as it is foreseen to have an office there. Similarly, a great urban function is to be incorporated in the Rubbatino Neighborhood by Teatro alla Scala that aims to make the neighborhood culturally more active. On the contrary, there are projects that are associated with private development groups that intent to introduce housing and commercial services.

On this page: -Stakeholders map

The main actors active in the neighborhood are ORME, La Balera Della Ortica, Marme Rubbatino, Cerdino Condiviso, Sanfaustino, and ANPI Ortica. Nonetheless, the universities maintain a huge stake in the neighborhood because of the neighborhood’s proximity to Citta Studi and because of the student housing within it. Another group of important actors is Pio Albergo Trivulzio and De Nora along with other private development groups.

03 PROBLEM DEFINITION

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

PROBLEM DEFINITION

3.1. SWOT MAP

On this page: -SWOT analysis

03 3.2. INTERPRETATION

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

03 3.2. MAIN PROBLEM

“From a mono functional past, towards a mono functional future” Using the SWOT analysis technique, the problems and potentials in the neighborhood were identified. The neighborhood under research is characterized by an Industrial past and one that is going through a rapid transformation. The research intends to investigate the main elements in the neighborhood that correspond to the 15-Minutes City project. The transformation within the neighborhood is characterized by uncertainty about the functions that will be hosted and the temporal aspect of it and the intention is to mitigate the risks and undesired conditions this rapid transformation might propagate. As it appears to be, the neighborhood is evolving independently from the needs and immediate concerns of the inhabitants, and since a lot of at stake in the area for various actors, the intention is to bridge the gaps in between and orient the transition in a manner that expands on synergies and not the differences. Besides the transformation proposed by the ongoing projects, there are substantial areas that are either vacant or entirely abandoned. Such spaces can prove potentially quite valuable for the inhabitants of this neighborhood.

The main risk is that a neighborhood that is already characterized by a high level of residentialization can begin a new monofunctional dormitory neighborhood. If there are many spaces of opportunity for implement a liveable neighborhood is also true that the transformation that the neighborhood is facing and hosting is already oriented towards a strong market residentialization. There are three main problems: a. Development towards a monofunctional residential neighborhood b. Lack of services and their uneven distribution c. Eroding local commerce and infrastructural abandonment

04 CONCEPT

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04 4.1. THE CITY AT EYE LEVEL “The city is not only a functional environment, but also an environment of experience.”

A plinth is the ground floor of a building which is the most crucial part for the city at eye level. It affects the experiences a pedestrian would have looking around. A plinth includes the building itself in addition to its design and use. Therefore, plinths are crucial for the experience and attractiveness of the urban space, both in residential and commercial areas. What is city at eye level? Public city is the backbone of a sustainable city. Great streets, human scale buildings and streets, co-creation of the public space by the users, placemaking, active ground floors and a peoplecentered approach based on how we as human beings experience the space around us. That is what The City at the Eye Level is all about.

Ortica-Rubattino neighbourhood has been going through a huge change making it a residential neighbourhood with few mixed used activities. Walking through the streets, the vacancy of the ground floor buildings and consequently the lack of vibrant plinths can be seen. Each has different circumstances of transformation, commerce and greenery based on the analysis. The streets have lost foot traffic. Therefore, the main aspect of the neighbourhood which needs to be taken into consideration is eye level.

On this page: Plinth and public realm

15 MINUTES CITY 15 minutes city is defined as a concept based on four pillars of proximity, diversity and density. It means that citizens (all demography) should be able to have a fast and comfortable access to all the services they need by walking or cycling in 15 minutes. basic urban amenities need to be provided in close proximity to urban centers, and such should not disadvantage people in respect of their socioeconomic status or age. Ortica-Rubatino neighborhood as mentioned before, has undergone a considerable number of transformations from an industrial towards a residential one. Hence, the risk of monofunctionality has played the role of a barrier to a 15 minutes city. Due to this fact, it avoids the diversity and proximity, the main elements of 15 minutes city.

On this page: 15 Minute City graph

The linkage between the concept of eye-level and 15 minutes city The city at eye-level concept, which is a plea for the return of human-scale streets and for diverse and active plinths of the buildings, in order to create a dynamic and safe urban realm, has been considered of a great importance to stop the ongoing trend of Mono-functionalization in terms of residential areas, dealing with the creation of an environment where the idea of 15 minutes city can be implemented.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

CONCEPT

4.2. OBJECTIVIES AND STRATEGIES The overarching aim is to re-orient the transition of this neighborhood to avoid the mono functionality and create a mixed-use environment.

To be concise, there are three objective that can be highlighted one is to provide new public services, the second is to provide a higher quality of public spaces and enhance the mixed use of existing spaces.

PROBLEM DEFINITION

OBJECTIVES

Past transformation and ongoing transformation are driving the neighborhood towards residential monofunctionality.

Lack of services and uneven distribution of them

Enhance the possibility of different alternative uses in the new ongoing development projects

Ensure the availability of services that are lacking and improve performances of exsiting ones.

Presence of temporary under/un-used areas

Re-activate passive areas in order to host new alternative uses

The tentative strategies thought of, involve the inculcation of agreements between the area owners and the incorporation of necessary new functions in the on-going projects. Concerning the vacant land, may it be of commercial of otherwise, the intentions is to revitalize those spaces and make them active again.

Temporary use is necessary until the project implementation starts, so that the space can perform an active function and does not remain in the transitory phase. Lastly, the quality of public spaces must be improved that range from implementing a better bike lane system, reduction of cars for local short movements and enhance synergies between the public services, and spaces with a multi temporaluse approach.

STRATEGIES Regeneration of temporary abondened spaces

CONCEPT

Triggering of new groundfloor activities

Improve walkability / readability of the corridors

CITY AT EYE LEVEL Spatial interaction between public and new private groundfloor spaces

Improve the realtions between existing public services and groundfloor public spaces

On this page: Objectives and Strategies Diagram

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

04 4.3. STRATEGIES ON AXISES

STRATEGIES

1 Regeneration of temporary abondened spaces

CONCEPT

Triggering of new groundfloor activities

3 Improve walkability / readability of the corridors

CITY AT EYE LEVEL Spatial interaction between public and new private groundfloor spaces

5 Improve the realtions between existing public services and groundfloor public spaces

250m

On this page: Axises map

AXISES

The eastern north-south axis in the neighborhood is characterized as transformation axis because of the presence of ongoing and future projects and also abandoned buildings giving a great opportunity of revitalization and temporary uses in the neighborhood. This axis includes via S. Faustino and connecting two closed streets of via Camillo e Otto Cima and via Casasco.

The commercial-cultural axis has identified in Ortica runs horizontally including via Ortica continuing to via Camillo e Otto Cima reaching via Riccardo Pitteri, offers a wide array of opportunities thanks to the existing commerce and services in addition to the presence of many vacant ground floor buildings, also the communal buildings such as church and cinema. Additionally, the presence of the open air museum and cultural activities gives a characteristic and identity to this axis and the whole neighbourhood.

This green axis revolves in the middle of green areas in the east part of the neighborhood connecting the green corridor in Ruattino, Parco Lambretta and the green area in the eastern part crossing along the exixsting sport fields, creating a pleasant sport and green environment for the inhabitants and also making a synergy between the sport facilities and green areas.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 4.4. STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES STRATEGIES S T R A T E G Y

STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

TEMPORARY REGENERATION OF VACANT SPACES

S T R A T E G Y

TRIGGERING OF NEW GROUNDFLOOR ACTIVITIES

S T R A T E G Y

SPATIAL INTERACTION BETWEEN PUBLIC AND NEW PRIVATE GROUNDFLOOR SPACES

S T R A T E G Y

IMPROVE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN EXISTING PUBLIC SERVICES AND GROUNDFLOOR PUBLIC SPACES

Encouraging public-private parten to regenerate temporary passive

IMPROVE WALKABILITY / READABILITY OF THE CORRIDORS

S T R A T E G Y

Desk research and co-design process towards the deﬁnition of a Neighborhood Services Plan

The strategies have been divided in three layers of priorities. The criteria followed to categorize the priorities was based on the impellent needs of the neighborhood alongside keeping in view the capacity of implementation of the associated strategies.

In a sense, the first priority is to address a few immediate concerns that enable the formation of networks which allow the implementation of following strategies in a way that one process leads to the next one with a smooth transition. On this page:

Strategic Priorities

III

Activation of a incentivation mechanism to assure the presence of services and social oriented activities in new developments groundﬂoor spaces

nership areas

Introducing of new activities in regenerated spaces, managed by a mix of proﬁt and non-proﬁt subjects

rigger the settlement of new commercial and cultural activities in vacant and underused spaces according to NSP Implementation of neighborhood shared streets projects Enhance sinergies between public services and spaces with a multi-temporal-use approach

On this page: Objectives and Strategies Diagram

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

For the aforementioned reasons, the first strategic priority is the initiation of a shared process dedicated to the research and design of a new operative tool that is used for the rest of the strategic implementation process. Following that, we have the second layer of priorities which

concerns the triggering of commercial activities and new neighborhood services leading eventually to the last one, which is the third layer that is regarding the creation of synergies within the services related to infrastructures that promote walkability, cycling and other means of healthy local commute.

. .

05 DESIGN PROPOSAL

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.1. AXIS A

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GERIATRIC POLE

3 2 4 S. FAUSTINO SHARED GARDEN

ELDERLY RESIDENCE

TRANSFORMATION AXIS

A C T I O N

I.T.S. PASOLINI

A C T I O N

Promote the presence of commercial activities the new

Implement a physical shared street model solution of continuity between via Casasco and S.Faustino shared garden.

Foster the collabration between actors for the creation of a shared calender of activities for S.Faustino shared garden. and Via Casasco new technical space.

ongoing projects grounfloor spaces

Ensure permability and publicness of new open groundfloor spaces of the ongoing projects.

250m

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.1. AXIS A/ 5.1.1. PILOT PROJECTS

The aforementioned strategies concern two actions ‘A1 & A4’ that concern the re-orientation of new development with a specific focus on the ‘Eye-Level’ spaces combing through both internal groundfloor spaces and outdoor ground-floor spaces with the aim to convert those spaces into a semi-public regime by establishing elements that make up a continuous and porous public space system enriched by commercial activities through incentives mechanisms along with new public-private services. Since the Axis under speculation is heavily characterized by ongoing and future development projects, the main strategies deployed for this section are Strategy no. 4 & 5.

Two other actions that these strategies entail are ‘A2 & A4’ which concern physical intervention on the street surfaces and social activation for the co-management and tactical use of streetscape.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.1. AXIS 1 / 5.1.2. VISUALIZATIONS

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05 5.1. AXIS 1 / 5.1.3. STAKEHOLDERS

5.1. AXIS A/ 5.1.3. FEASIBLITY

Feasibility: The pilot action operates with a mechanism of incentivization based on volumetric addition and fiscal facilitation in order to ensure the presence of two ground floor spaces for each new building with lower rents for new services and activities that are social in their orientation.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.2. AXIS B

I.T.S PASOLINI

IL CIRCOLINO A.N.P.I - OR.ME.

LA BALERA DELL’ORTICA

TRENTACOSTE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

COMMERCIAL- CULTURAL AXIS

A C T I O N

TEATRO CINEMA MARTINITT

MARTINITT UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

A C T I O N

ORATORIO

Incentivations of pilot projects for the temporary reuse of vacant groundfloor spaces of via Cima/ Pitteri / Ortica

Shared management of the green area by the inhabtants and integraton of new educational related functions

Incremental intervention on the internal streets plot for the creation of a shared streets environment

2 1 3

PRIMARY SCHOOL ENRICO TOTI

A C T I O N A C T I O N A C T I O N

Regeneration od sports equipments of the Rubattino barpack in continuity with Via Trentacoste/Bistolfi public space

Implementation of the shared street model in Via Ortica

Promote the use of public space hotspot for hosting cultural open air activities through the multiple interacton of existing actors

250m

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05 5.2. AXIS B/ 5.2.1. PILOT PROJECTS

Axis B is characterized by quite an important intervention which is the Open-Air Museum that will be soon completed. Nonetheless, the axis presents opportunities that can enable the vision for a deep cultural engagement coupled with commercial activities and new neighborhood services which are currently missing in this Axis. The central Pilot action ‘B1’ aims at the reactivation of commercial ground-floor vacant spaces with the engagement of public-private (non-profit) actors with a mutual investment approach. The second Pilot action ‘B3’ responds to the 5th Strategy 5th strategy and it’s a process of reappropriation of a green-open private space through collaboration and a pact tool that aims to re-signify the acclaimed spaces by introducing educational functions and activities. The other actions concern the implementation of a shared street model of inner neighborhood spaces and a requalification project that involves the Barracks structure for its conversion into a public space that hosts sports activities. NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.2 AXIS B / 5.2.2. VISUALIZATIONS

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05 5.2 AXIS B / 5.2.2. VISUALIZATIONS

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05 5.2 AXIS B / 5.2.3. STAKEHOLDERS

BEFORE AND AFTER PIZZERIA ISTANBUL

HAIRDRESSER MAN

ORTICA’S PUB

HAIRDRESSER WOMAN

STUDIO MIDALI

HOME DELIVERY TAKE AWAY

WAITNG BENCH IN FACE OF THE SHOP

COMMERCIAL USE OF FACING PUBLIC SPACE

FASHION FACTORY

12:00 - 23:00

08:30 - 19:30

06:00 - 02:00

08:00 - 19:00

“DUOMO DELL’ORTICA”

08:00 - 19:00

GELATERIA

DG RISTRUTTURAZIONI

COMMERCIAL USE OF FACING PUBLIC SPACE

09:30 - 18:30

07:00 - 22:00

VIA PITTERI

via Pitteri 1A

First announcement

via Pitteri 1B

Second announcement

via Pitteri 5

First announcement

via Pitteri 15A

Second announcement

via Pitteri 15B

Second announcement

via Pitteri 15C

First announcement

via Pitteri 15D

XS WorkShop 1

via Pitteri 15E

L WorkShop 2

via Pitteri 29A

First announcement

via Pitteri 29B

Second announcement

COMMERCIAL GUIDELINES SOME NEEDS

THINK MULTIPLE POSSIBLE ASSIGNMENT TO A GROUP OF SUBJECTS

EYES ON THE STREET PUBLIC INTERACTION AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

THREATS PRESENCE OF ESSELUNGA VIA RUBATTINO

5.2. AXIS B/ 5.2.4. FEASABLITY The action B-1 is based on a mixed resources system. Supported both by public and private investment, in particular by private foundations.

The action B-3 is based mostly on voluntary collaboration of inhabitants that can manage a budget that allows them to pay the necessary costs required for the endeavors.

NEIGHBORHOOD PL ANS FOR THE 15-MIN CIT Y

05 5.2 AXIS B / 5.2.3. STAKEHOLDERS

5.2. AXIS B/ 5.2.4. FEASABLITY

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05 5.3. AXIS C

GREEN- SPORT AXIS

A C T I O N

Define a new path connecting the green axis in Rubattino neighborhood, Parco Lambretta and the sport fields in the green area reaching the church (Chiesa del SS. Nome di Mara).

Use the open space under the Vadotto Parch highway to introduce a service, commercial and sport center

Temporary regeneration of the public bulding and settlement of the new CAM, sport center and new commercal activties in Via Raffaele Rubattino

A C T I O N

Temporary resue of theground foor open space with the introducton of light sport facilties

250m

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05 5.3. AXIS C/ 5.3.1. PILOT PROJECTS

The Axis under speculation is characterized by a peculiar situation, involving recent and future developments that is lacking quality in terms of its space and usability. The Pilot action ‘C1’ dedicated to this axis aims to generate new fully equipped green spaces with an approach of public-private partnership to strengthen synergies between the neighborhood services and spatial developments underway.

The second Pilot action ‘C3’ concerns the renovation and requalification of abandoned public buildings that aims to cultivate the relationship with the inhabitants and host a function that is a mix of both profit and nonprofit activities.

The subsequent proposed actions for this axis are for the new sports services and facilities that operate in relation to the green spaces of Parco Lambretta and the vacant ground-floor outdoor spaces present in the buildings of via Rubattino.

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05 5.3. AXIS C/ 5.3.2. VISUALIZATIONS

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05 5.3. AXIS C/ 5.3.2. VISUALIZATIONS

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05 5.3. AXIS C/ 5.3.3. STAKEHOLDERS

The action C-1 is characterized by a public private partnership agreement. The agreement concerns the private investors undertaking a project of high communication impact through Corporate Social Responsibility funds. Furthermore, the action C-3 is entirely based on public fundings through the application to call by Regionale Lombardia for the regeneration of public buildings and to host activities related to allowing some earning by renting new commercial spaces.

5.3. AXIS C/ 5.3.4. FEASABLITY

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05 5.4. NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICE PLAN / 5.4.1. NSP EXPLICATION Desk research and co-design process towards the deﬁnition of a Neighborhood Services Plan

Municipio 3 DAStU (Polimi) MAIN INTEREST GROUPS

IPHOTESIS: NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICES PLAN (NSP) A new tool to express and coordinate the demand and the offer of service in the neoghbourhood.

SOCIAL ORIENTED PROPERTIES

Circolo ACLI Lambrate

Domoservice (Coop. Sant’ Ilario)

Vivi Rubattino

Dorica (CCL) Delta Ecopolis

Circolo dell’Ortica

ADL

Mamme Rubattino

MARKET ORIENTED PROPERTIES

Sigest

OTHER GROUPS

Borio Mangiarotti

SS. Maria Parish

Quorum S.g.r.

Inhabitants Other associations Schools and students

SERVICES PROVIDER

Future residents

DING CYCL L BUIL E TOO

DESK RESEARCH PHASE DAStU - Politecnico di Milano

MONITORING PHASE

APPLIC ATIO N

RCH SEA RE

Outputs: - Reports - Strategies of development

Neighborhood Services Plan INFORMAL AGREEMENT PHASE

N D E SI G

Possible agreements: - Municipality - Interested developers - Schools and institutions - Commercial activities - External services providers CO-DESIGN PHASE

Possible outputs: - Lack of aggregation services (CAM, CAG) - Lack of pediatric office - Lack of secundary school - Lack of public sport facilities

ROUND TABLE PHASE Municipio 3 (director) Possible outputs (based on interviews): - Lack of cultural facilities (libraries, bookshops...) - Lack of everyday-life services - Lack of night-life activities - Lack of youth dedicated spaces Ground Floor mixed services map Previsional document and guidelines for the settlement of new services

05 5.5. STAKEHOLDERS GENERAL SCHEME The network of stakeholders involved in the proposal is characterized by multi scalarity along with a variety of public private/ nonprofit neighborhood groups and institutions with radically different levels of organizational structure. The specifics of which are mentioned and visualized in the following map:

STAKEHOLDERS

SMALL SCALE

SYNTHETIC MULTISCALAR SCHEME

Local actors NPS STABLE TABLE M.A.O. ORTICA

PATTO DI COLLABORAZIONE

RUBATTINO - ORTICA

Local actors

Municipio 3

OR.ME

Alveare Ortica ASD Ballo e Benessere C.G.I.L Ortica Cascina Biblioteca Giardino S.Faustino Green Island I.T.S Pasolini Il Circolo dell’Ortica Mamme Rubattino Martinitt Campus Martinitt Theatre SS.Maria Parish Vivi Rubattino

E. Toti School

Non Riservato

DAStU - Politecnico di Milano

MILAN

Fondazione Arrigo e Pia Pini

WE.MI.

Milano Sport

Temporiuso Italia Nostra Milano

Comune di Milano

YES MILANO LOMBARDIA

Real estate developers Regione Lombardia Pio Albergo Trivulzio

Fondazione di Comunità

Museum of Urban Art

MIBACT

ITALIA

Esselunga

Fondazione Cariplo LABSUS BIG SCALE private

third sector

public

semi-public

stakeholders structuration level

resources channel

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05 5.6. TIMELINE

2023

2022 NSP TOOL

ENGAGEMENT

ACTIVATION

Preliminary agreement

Research phase

Public call for ideas

Informal agreement

Co-design phase

COMMUNICATION ENGAGEMENT/DESIGN

PILOT ACTION 1

APPLICATION

DESIGN

Semi partecipatory design process

IMPLEMENTAT

CALL

Renovation and requaliﬁc

Subscription to Lombardy call

STRATEGY 1

ENGAGEMENT

PILOT ACTION 2

Preliminary agreement

PUBLIC PROPOSAL Incentivation mechanism concept

AGREEMENT Formal expression of interest

STRATEGY 1

ENGAGEMENT

PILOT ACTION 3

Preliminary agreements

CAPACITATION Creation of a new actor: M.A.O. Ortica

INVOLVEMENT

Public walks and workshop w/ inhabitants

STRATEGY 1

NETWORKING

PILOT ACTION 4

Collaborative pre-agreement

CO-DESIGN

PACT

Collaborative design process

STRATEGY 1

APPROACH

PILOT ACTION 5 STRATEGY 1

Partnership agreement

Colla Pact

2026

2024 MONITORING Verifying and updating

TION

ASSIGNMENT

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES

Settlement of new services and commercial activities

cation

TRIGGER

CONTROL

Incentivation agreement with new activities owners

TRIGGER

Activation of rental control policies

IMPLEMENTATION

3 calls for assignment of groundﬂoor spaces

CO-IMPLEMENTATION

aboration t

Self-construction of equipments

Area owners agreement

Test performance and requirements of activities

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES

Start of incentivation mechanism

AGREEMENT

MONITORING

ACCOMPAINMENT End of incentives and supported exit path

CO-MANAGEMENT Capability management group formation

DESIGN

IMPLEMENTATION

Semi-participatory design process

Construction and requaliﬁcation

PACT 2

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES

Collaboration Pact CO-MANAGEMENT Mantainance and facility management

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06 CONCLUSION

6.1. CONCLUSION

WE NEED NEW TOOLS

“Thinking about a 15-Minutes City is acting strategically at a fine grain. It is about addressing public & private interests along with considering the needs and desires of the inhabitants. We need new tools, to keep together these dimensions and to coordinate stakes to develop a more liveable and Eye-level scale.”

TALKING ABOUT 15 MINUTES CITY IS TALKING ABOUT COMMUNITIES

“15-Minutes City is about bringing back the idea of community involvement which was lost in the contemporary city. It is not about designing for the citizens but designing with the citizens.”

WE NEED NEW ACTORSHIP

“For achieving a complex management system regarding the activities and the possible services for a 15-Minutes city project, we need new forms and new typologies of actors with non-traditional capabilities and with informal and flexible structures.”

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6.2. ANNEX INTERVIEW 22/05/2021

to Serafino Sorace by OR.ME. Ortica Memoria How was OR.ME born? Who are you and what do you do? We were born in 2015. It was the 70th anniversary of the Liberation, and here we met an art collective, the Ortica Noodle, which is a collective that works on an international level now, but which is based on Ortica. Let’s say that a certain synergy was found and we started to make the first murals. Then the project was born, which was the first objective of Orme, and then changed over time. In the sense that at the beginning the goal was to create the first open-air museum of its kind in the world, composed of 20 murals that would retrace the history of the 20th century, touching on general themes or representing particularly significant events, but always with a connection to Milan and, where possible, to Ortica. So creating this museum circuit through the streets. We always say that the walls tell the story and the memory, the concept of memory not as it is traditionally understood, but as a place to live, because the memory must be something that is lived in everyday life. The idea is to find spaces that people can live in, and living also means being there in front of the park and having a chat with friends. This was the first project. And what has changed since the beginning? We started by taking advantage of the opportunities we had rather than thinking of a project. After that we said: “we are doing very well” and we arrived at the second vocation, which includes that of the museum. A new vocation based on culture and tourism without, however, distorting the neighbourhood. We are very much against gentrification processes, rather than transformation from above. The objective was precisely that of enhancing what exists in the neighbourhood with an intervention of this kind, and we have in fact succeeded in this objective. The project is clearly working well, and in fact we now have a fairly large tourist trade, which was made up of many foreigners before the pandemic. However, it has allowed us to boost local tourism, which is also linked to Milan and Lombardy... During the pandemic, we happened to be one of the few things that could be done because even during the lockdown there was authorization to do the tours. Ours is a project sponsored by the Municipality of Milan and the City Hall and we organised two training sessions for authorized tour guides who referred to the trade association GTek. In September last year we involved about fifty guides, in fact every weekend from the afternoon there are a lot of tours with tour guides just visiting the Ortica. There is still the mural project, to date we have 14 murals out of 20, but in reality the total number of murals exceeds 20, because some experimental spin-offs have started. One in particular is the Duomo dell’Ortica.

What are your active projects today? We were recently chosen as a FAI property and we were the most booked property in Milan. So it’s starting to become quite an important thing. Every weekend we have at least eight tours. And when mass tourism opens up again, we hope that this will continue, also because we are on some circuits like YES Milano rather than other circuits with reference to those sites that are recognised by the City Council or officially by the tourism authorities. We have also started to collaborate with private individuals, with MTV, on contemporary music. This opens up a second objective that we are developing. That is, through the use of art, especially figurative art, as a tool to enhance territories or raise awareness. We did the Scarpette Rosse project, because in 2020, although violent crimes, including murders, have decreased in Italy, the number of feminicides has increased, because these occur mainly within the family. Basically, this playwright writes the stories of these women who have been killed, almost as if to give them a voice, and these are accompanied by red shoes, which you find in various places. It is a sort of secular Via Crucis. We have also collaborated a lot on this with schools and others. Generally speaking, one of the values we have is certainly to be inclusive, so everything we do never has a top-down approach, but a bottom-up one, that is, it must be something that is created from below and must be absolutely inclusive. All the works are not registered, whoever wants to use them can do so, the philosophy is just that these are everybody’s goods. So you are a very connected subject with the context... What interactions do you have with other subjects in the neighbourhood? We have collaborated with the garden, with the example of Scarpette Rosse there have been 20 associations, of which we have been the leader. I’ll mention the associations with which we collaborated: Vivi Rubattino forms both Circolo dell’Ortica, La cooperativa edificatrice dell’ortica, La cooperativa Antonietta the Oikia association, the ACLI of Lambrate, Centro antiviolenza mai da sole, ANED, ANPI, the SPI CGIL and the pensioners’ union, Vivi Rubattino, Mamme Rubattino and the patronage of Milan City Hall and the Municipality of Milan. This is precisely for red shoes. And also in the conception and production we collaborate with associations, with groups, which can be the disabled rather than schools. For example, for those persecuted by Fascism we worked with associations of memory, ANPI, ANED and so on. How does OR.ME. fit into the city networks? YES MILANO, is definitely an official one. We are then taken over by various events, for example, on 2 June we will be inaugurating a new mural in Via cima. This one, which is also very big, will be inaugurated for Republic Day. However, our idea in Ortica is to be able to create a certain synergy between the various realities of the area, in addition to the associations, we are working with the Martinitt Theatre, with important realities such as the Balera dell’Ortica or others, with the idea of creating an informal group, for now informal, then we will see, which could be almost something like an informal tourist board of Ortica, so that includes all the synergies of this type. For example , on 2 June the Vespucci school children will be there to welcome the visitors, which is a school work activity. La Balera will take care of lunch, because there will be 100 guests. So we’re always looking for synergies in this sense, in addition to associations, and all the realities that characterise the area. And then there are future projects, even outside the neighbourhood, but always with the idea of an intervention that has on the one hand the idea of redevelopment and on the other hand of participation, including popular participation, with the idea that if you bring the beauty, people take care of the beauty, they take care of it. It is a very trivial thing, but it works and resumes that concept of community that is a bit ‘lost in short, and that seems to say very outdated as a very old concept but in reality it is fundamental we have

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I guess for example another network is FAI Spring Days... The FAI operates autonomously, i.e. they don’t even involve us. We collaborated with them but the initiative came from them. Beppe Sala will also be at the inauguration on 2 June, and the Minister for Education was due to come, but he will send a video message. In short, from the point of view of the institutions there is a lot of attention to this project. We work by financing ourselves through tenders, funds, donations and so on. So you are completely self-financed... Absolutely, during the Fai days we do some collections. We had a banquet. Do you also have in-house expertise in finding funds and participating in calls for tenders? We have three people who deal only with this, because then there is the whole part of producing the calls for proposals. For example, on 25 April, the Ministry of Education photographed one of our murals. So we are beginning to be known outside the Milanese circuit. So, yes, we are always self-financing or directly. For example, we also sell wine from OR.ME. There’s a producer who does it for us. In short, it’s all in progress: right now we’ve finished a mural at the Martinitt and it will be inaugurated on 2 June, and around 23 June we’ll be doing a mural in Via Casasco in collaboration with De Nora, which you’ll know is actually an area that will be completely reconfigured.

07 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

- Arsuffi, R. (2019, May 13). Milano | Lambrate - Il Rubattino. Urbanfile Blog. https://blog.urbanfile. org/2017/01/19/milano-lambrate-il-rubattino/ - Gamba, M. (1976), Innocenti: imprenditore, fabbrica e classe operaia in cinquant’anni di vita italiana, Mazzotta, Milano. - Wikipedia contributors. (2018, November 25). Ortica. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Ortica - Arsuffi, R. (2018, March 7). Milano | Ortica - Ecco il progetto per riqualificare la piazza dell’Ortica. Urbanfile Blog. https://blog.urbanfile.org/2018/03/07/milano-ortica-progetto-riqualificare-lapiazza-dellortica/ - M.(2020, April 14). Ever Est: giardini di Lambrate. Atelier(s) Alfonso Femia AF517. https://www. atelierfemia.com/it/2006/04/ever-est-giardini-di-lambrate/ - Stato e Progetti. (2010, November 3). PRU Rubattino. https://prurubattino.wordpress.com/idintorni-del-rubattino/stato-e-progetti/ - Rubattino 84 - Programma Integrato di Intervento - Comune di Milano. (2021b). Comune Di Milano Webpage. https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/urbanistica-ed-edilizia/ attuazione-pgt/rubattino-84-programma-integrato-di-intervento - Piantanida, N. (2020, December 26). Milano, ecco le linee di indirizzo per l’accordo tra Comune e Rubattino 87 per lo sviluppo dell’area. Retrieved from https://lamilano.it/attualita/milano-ecco-lelinee-di-indirizzo-per-laccordo-tra-comune-e-rubattino-87-per-lo-sviluppo-dellarea/ - HOME. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.domoservicelombardia.com/ 2C Sviluppo Immobiliare - AREA MILANO RUBATTINO. (2021). Retrieved from https://www. immobiliare2c.it/progetti/area-milano-rubattino/ - Comune di Milano, https://www.comune.milano.it/ -Glaser, M. (Ed.). (2012). The city at eye level: Lessons for street plinths. Eburon Uitgeverij BV. -The city at eye level asia. (2020). https://issuu.com/stipoteam/docs/cael_ebook_def_single-pages/1?ff