ABPL20033 - Construction Analysis Dr Alberto Pugnale, Subject Coordinator Dr Sofia Colabella, Senior Tutor Aleks Baltovski, Tutor Will Scobie - 892855 - 27/09/2020 Lake Wendouree Residence, Tutorial 06 Assignment 3 Flipbook Section 3D Layers of information
Lake Wendouree Residence, photo by Peter Bennets
01
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS BELOW GROUND
How did the site condition affect the design of the house?
4x150mm layers of engineered fill as
The existing site conditions significantly influenced the design of the Lake Wendouree house, through framing vistas, adapting to soil conditions and site boundaries and utilising solar aspect. The house is located on a north facing, extensive block overlooking Lake Wendouree in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, a cool-mild temperate climatic zone with an average annual rainfall of 687mm. The site extends north-south, measuring approximately 75m in length and 21m in width and is relatively flat with a gradient of situated at approximately 452m above sea level. The soil type is silty clay overlying clay with relatively poor drainage, the soil report classifies the site as a Class P problem site, suggesting the use of a stiffened raft slab utilising a waffle pod system. The soil conditions also determine the use of engineered compact fill to provide known properties for compaction stress. Furthermore, the design of the house manipulates the landscape to create varying ground levels to integrate the house into the site and connect interior and exterior spaces. The aspect is one of the key design considerations, with the design maximising framed views towards the lake and similarly utilising northern orientation for solar access, maximised through use of skylights, large windows, in-floor glass and flexible partitions. Due to the extensive length of the site, the courtyard space centres and distinguishes the various pavilions to provide adequate solar access alongside ventilation. The site is located in a residential zone along a relatively busy road so the house is set-back from the road and neighbouring properties for privacy. The form of the house is defined by interconnected pavilions, reflecting the iconic boat houses around the lake and also taking material precedence from the renowned structures at the Ballarat Botanical Gardens.
SITE PREPARATION
per soil report specifications
FOUNDATIONS
0.2mm polyethylene waterproof membrane
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS BELOW GROUND
WAFFLE RAFT SLAB SYSTEM SUSPENDED CELLAR SLAB CONSERVATORY SLAB
WAFFLE POD
REINFORCEMENT MESH
17mm hydronic coils inbetween SL82 and SL62 mesh per mechanical
RE-ENTRANT BARS
3-N12 bars 2000mm long placed diagonally across corner, 75mm gap
PAD FOOTINGS
1000mm square 500min deep blinding concrete pad footing centred beneath columns
EDGE BEAMS cast-in plates for steel columns conservatory slab
envirocrete recycled concrete slab
3-N12 re-entrant bars hydronic heating coils SL62 reinforcement mesh
waffle pod void former
polyethylene waterproof membrane
50mm levelled sand
hydronic coils placed inbetween two layers of mesh reinforcement to ensure structural integrity
engineered fill
internal, edge beams and pad footings founded minimum 200mm into stiff clay as per soil report requirements
Isolated 110mm suspended slab used for cellar to provide extra isolation and insulation. 10mm Abelflex expansion joint installed between vertical faces
internal beams
edge beams
pad footing foundation soil with massing concrete founded 200mm in stiff clay
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
1:50 at A3
0
1m
2m
3m
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC not to scale
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 2
SL62
HYDRONIC COILS
SL82 reinforcement mesh
conservatory slab and stairs poured separately to main slab due to height differentiation, formwork ensures
plastic bar chairs placed on top of void formers to secure reinforcement mesh
SL41
INTERNAL BEAMS
110mm thick polystyrene waffle pods, ribs forming maximum 1200 centres, mass concreting is used to provide increased structural support in required areas
110mm thick waffle pod void formers with ribs at 1200 max centres
SL82
dropped level for masonry
waffle pod void formers used to create varying height slab and also maximising efficiency through reducing concrete required
50mm layer of sand
300 wide 600 deep 15MPa blinding concrete with 3-L12 founded 200mm minimum into stiff clay
02
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS ABOVE GROUND
The structure is strongly interconnected with composition of architectural form and space the structural system adopted as a means of enabling the definition of space, with structural capacity and limitations ultimately STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS defining interior space. The cantilevering pavilion form is integral to the ABOVE GROUND design and hence the use of a hybrid structural system comprised of steel and timber components is necessary to provide structural integrity and material efficiency aligned with the aesthetic of JWA. The structure is How does the skilfully concealed through partitioning, cladding and veneers to produce structure define smooth, clean finishes aligned with a holistic design approach. Steel the composition of primary structural components are complemented by long-spanning timber architectural form secondary and tertiary structural members to enable the creation of large and space? open interior spaces, cantilevering forms and expansive ceiling heights. The bespoke designs of the bedroom ceilings are facilitated by structural control through cranked beams and interconnected components, successfully abstracting the design intent of reflecting the local boat houses. Furthermore, JWA abstract structural convention through cantilevering the bedrooms over the glass conservatory, producing structural illusion through concealing steel columns as mullions supporting the louvres
GROUND FLOOR (GF)
180UB16 galvanised steel roof beam for primary structure
FIRST FLOOR (FF)
ROOF
INTERMEDIATE FLOOR (IF)
ROOF STRUCTURE (RS)
180UB16 BEAM 2/190x45 F7 KD PINE BEAM 190x45 MGP10 PINE RAFTERS 140x45 F17KDHW CEILING JOIST 120x45 MGP10 CEILING BATTENS VARIED DEPTH ROOF TRUSS 600C
lightweight timber structural system used predominantly for first floor with stud walls braced with ply and tensioned wall bracing
NOGGINGS 90x45 / 120x45 MGP10 at 450 and
TOP PLATE
600 centres
BOTTOM PLATE
STUD WALLS
CROSS WALL BRACE PLYWOOD BRACE FLOOR JOISTS
metal straps nailed to plates Plywood staggered butt joints, nailed to noggings 150mm centres
530 DEEP LONG REACH TIMBER FLOOR TRUSS 350 DEEP LONG REACH POSISTRUT FLOOR TRUSS
100x100x8 GALVANISED ANGLE 2/150x90x8 UNEQUAL ANGLE
LINTELS
joists supported by steel beam fixed with M10 bolts for structural support, joists braced with trimmer and fixing
30x0.8mm tensioned galvanised
2/140x45 F7 KD PINE
stud wall secured with cross bracing to ensure lateral stability
310UC97 BEAMS
310UB32 300PFC
125x75x4 RHS COLUMNS
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
1:50 at A3
0
1m
2m
3m
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC not to scale
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 3
200x100x5 RHS 250PFC
250PFC 250UB26
89x89x6 SHS 180PFC + 10 PLATE
03
INTERNAL PARTITIONS
How do the internal partitions organise the life inside the building?
Interior space is significantly defined by internal partitions relating to the functional programme, contributing to the organisation and delineation of space. The groundfloor is demarcated by an interconnected hallway as circulatory space, with the interior walls producing thresholds between functional spaces. The kitchen space opens up with a void further connecting spaces together, with glass balustrades providing further connection. The structural system adopted enables broad open spaces with reduced requirement for internal partitioning. The ceiling structure of the bedrooms centre focus upon the skylights, enhancing light access INTERNAL NON- and providing acoustic definition. The use of flexible pivot doors reiterates notionsLOAD of interconnection between BEARING spaces, whilst also enabling privacy. Internal partitions also serve to conceal structural elements, PARTITIONS producing a clean design aesthetic. Expansive glazing components aim to connect interior and exterior spaces, sited within the designed landscape. The kitchen bench is coined ‘the world’s longest’ providing a connecting datum between conservatory, kitchen, courtyard and dining spaces. Arrangement of interior space is also intended to respectfully balance connection and privacy alongside spatial functionality, with wet areas zoned similarly and separation between semi-private and private space alongside seclusion of parental spaces at the opposite end to spaces intended for children to occupy. Operable louvres in the conservatory blur the distinction between interior and exterior space, enabling cross-ventilation and increased light access, further extended into interior space through the use of a glass pivot door connecting the conservatory and kitchen spaces together.
INTERNAL WALLS
FIXED
INTERNAL PARTITIONS
PLASTERBOARD
13mm plasterboard, water resistant used in wet areas
VILLABOARD
6mm Villaboard fully taped and scrimmed
KITCHEN BENCH
Kitchen bench serves as datum measuring 14860, steel structural rectangular hollow sections and timber frame, marble finish
MASONRY WALL
Krause Grampian blue extruded bricks, with stretcher bonds, brick veneer wall extending along eastern wall and into hallway
WINDOWS DOORS
Use of pivot doors create extension and connection of space, glass doors used providing connection / light
FLEXIBLE WINDOWS
Flexible windows provide passive cooling and ventilation as well as connection to outdoor spaces
W14 KITCHEN
W09
W10
W21
D04 LAUNDRY
D13 WC
D05 BACK DOOR
D14 BEDROOM 2
D06 GLASS PIVOT
D15 BEDROOM 3
D12 BATHROOM
D19 REAR LAUNDRY
W12 LOUVRES
W25 BEDROOM 2
W15
W26 BEDROOM 3
SKYLIGHT plasterboard fixed to ceiling structure and rendered for paint finish
SKYLIGHT
SKYLIGHT
SKYLIGHT
SKYLIGHT
W25
BEDROOM 2
D15
BATHROOM WC
W25
D14
W26
W26
D12
W25
Krause Grampian blue brick veneer wall with stretcher bonds and raked joints
LAUNDRY
plasterboard fixed to stud wall frame and rendered for paint finish
D04
D19
W15 D06
D19
W14
D05 W12
D04 W12 D05
D19 W15
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
1:50 at A3
0
1m
2m
3m
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC not to scale
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 4
W14
D06
04
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS How did the architect approach the design of environmental protections? Do the elevations express or hide environmental protections?
The inclusion and design of environmental protections is successfully integrated into the holistic design of the house, concealed to reflect the clean and smooth design intent. JWA effectively adapt the design taking into consideration thermal, moisture, air, acoustic and solar environmental protections. The use of Zinc cladding provides a seamless transition between horizontal and vertical surfaces, with varying slopes for the bedroom pavilion roofs, with water collected towards the centre using a box gutter, with fall and downpipes towards the eastern, less articulated side where services are contained. The use of parapets obscures the view of roof structure and rainwater collection components to maintain a clean aesthetic and the rear elevation similarly conceals environmental protections. Throughout the design, most environmental protections are contained within partition systems and any joins and seams provide smooth transitions with flashings and cappings minimising climatic impacts through capillary action. Weepholes and expansion joints are visible in masonry walls, however have minimal impacts upon the overall design aesthetic. The concrete slab provides thermal massing properties, also containing the hydronic slab system with both concealed through stone and tole floor finishes. Design of glazing and openings maximises passive design strategies to enable cross-ventilation and passive solar heating, with shading strategies including blackout and glarecontrol recessed blinds, further reiterating the overall design aesthetic. Considering the cool-mild temperate climatic zone Ballarat is situated in, thermal insulation is crucial and is used extensively throughout the house to maintain comfortable temperatures.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS
MOISTURE
timber preservative and primer used to minimise weathering / ensure durability
FINISHES
galvanised / powdercoat finishes used to prevent corrosion of exposed metals AC0 K100 sloping drain embedded in
DRAIN INSULATION
THERMAL IN-01 Bradford Soundscreen Plus 2x1.6 batts 120mm R-Value 3.2 (EXTERNAL)
IN-05 Bradford Soundscreen Plus 120mm R-Value 3.0 (INTERNAL)
IN-02 Bradford Gold ceiling batts 210mm R-Value 4.1 (CEILING)
IN-06 Bradford Soundlag 4525C acoustic foam 25mm (INTERNAL DRAINS)
IN-02 Bradford Anticon 55 Roof Blanket 60mm R-Value 1.3 (CEILING)
IN-07 tongue and groove polystyrene 50mm epoxy joins (CELLAR)
IN-03 Bradford Soundscreen Plus 120mm R-Value 3.0 (INTERMEDIATE FLOOR)
Pyrotek Soundlag Silentstep carpet underlay 10mm
conservatory slab 100mm deep
DOWNPIPE
VM Zinc 100mm diameter with rain head
ROOFING
VM Zinc double lock system BMT 0.7mm
Stramit Speed Deck 700 BMT 0.42mm
430 centres with 25mm standing seam
FLASHING
Colorbond BMT 0.6mm metal sheeting with to capillary action to divert moisture
CAPPING
1:100 fall 0.6mm BMT Colorbond Ultra finish
BOX GUTTER
Colorbond custom folded eaves gutter BMT 0.6mm Gaps in masonry wall to allow moisture to drain out, expansion joint for movement
WEEPHOLE ACOUSTIC
cappings and flashings work with roof systems and box gutters to divert water away to downpipes
WATERPROOFING
AIR
SOLAR
0.2mm polyethylene damp-proof membrane
ENKAMAT
Breathable membrane placed under zinc cladding to prevent oxidation
SARKING
Dupont Tyvek Home Wrap breathable sarking
SEALANT
Silocon sealants used to reduce airflow and prevent transference of moisture
WIND LOAD
Structure is designed as per AS4055 to withstand wind loads CAT 3 E/W Vu 37m/s and CAT 2.5 N/S Vu 37m/s
COURTYARD
Courtyard essential for daylighting, thermal massing and ventilation strategies
GLAZING
Viridian ThermoTech Low E double glazed units with 12mm argon gap
SKYLIGHTS
Viridian ThermoTech Low E double glazed units with 12mm argon gap
BLINDS
Vertilex blackout / glare control blinds
insulation placed in both wall and ceiling cavities to maintain thermal comfort and promote energy efficiency through retention
suspended slab 50mm polystyrene tongue and groove insulation used to maintain coolth for cellar
bulk insulation R Value 3.2 for thermal protection and energy efficiency
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
1:50 at A3
0
1m
2m
3m
zinc cladding fixed to 19mm marine ply with breathable sarking placed inbetween for moisture control
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC not to scale
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 5
R value 4.1 batts with R value 1.3 roof blanket ceiling insulation used to retain any heat produced and protect from solar heat
05
MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS Did the architect organise the internal spaces to place mechanical and electrical services efficiently?
The arrangement of internal spaces is efficiently design to provide zoning of the majority of mechanical and electrical services situated towards the eastern side of the house, providing both functional benefits and aesthetic isolation. Mechanical and electrical efficiency is somewhat influenced by the use of an extensive photovoltaic system, providing sustainable on-site energy production. Key wet areas such as the cellar, laundry, upstairs bathroom and WC are efficiently located, with the ensuite and kitchen spaces isolated but situated relatively central to maximise efficiency. HVAC systems are situated in the bathroom ceiling cavity and underneath the ensuite, providing climatic control to zoned sections of the house. Hydronic slab heating is used as an energy-efficient heating system throughout the house, utilising thermal mass with upstairs bathroom and ensuite also utilising hydronic slab heating. Upstairs rooms are service hydronic wall-mounted heating units, away from glazing to maintain heating efficiency. Through the design of internal partitions and expansive ceiling cavities, services are effectively and efficiently organised to maximise building performance whilst limiting aesthetic impacts. Reducing distances required for mechanical and electrical systems not only provides functional efficiency, but also reduces material and energy waste. Electrical, communication and entertainment systems are dispersed throughout the house utilising wall and ceiling cavities. Lighting is predominantly integrated into the overall design aesthetic through the use of downlights and LED strip lighting. Overall, efficient organisation of services was not the predominant concern, but was carefully considered to maximise efficiency aligned with design intent and conditions, significantly complementing the overall design.
WATER MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Water mains connected along Wendouree Parade for all potable water Hot water system included insulated piping to retain heat
ELECTRICITY General power outlets located as approved by architect and client Meter board located on eastern side adjacent to front entry, power pit front Switchboard with circuit breaker located near rear entry in data storage
photovoltaic array to provide solar energy generation - produced energy is converted through solar inverter for usage or sold to grid
Wired connection to motorised louvres and blinds Access panels provide flexible access for future modification or repair.
split system reverse cycle airconditioner and ventilation unit maintains air quality and coolth throughout zones
wall and ceiling cavities provide adequate space to run services as per electrical and mechanical drawings wet areas zoned to maintain efficient design of services
hydronic heating system used with in-floor hydronic coils and individual hydronic heating units for upstairs spaces
2m
3m
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 6
Heated towel racks located in upstairs bathrooms
Independent weatherproof louvre with backdraught damper in laundry / powder
Thermostat for air conditioning system located in hallway and bedrooms
Roof mounted air cowl for exhaust fans in upstairs bathrooms / WC
Flexible windows and louvres for passive cooling and ventilation
Air conditioning / ventilation grille integrated with joinery
LIGHTING
SEWAGE
Internal lighting including down, wall, pendant, LED strip, batten and table lights
Sewer stack penetration located below upstairs WC and ensuite
External lighting including down, wall, spot, up and motion activated lights
Waste pipes located for drainage systems to remove greywater
C-Bus automated control system for light switches
Floor waste drainage pipes located in wet areas and conservatory
ENERGY PRODUCTION
SECURITY
Solar hot water system located next to photovoltaic array
not to scale
Thermostat for hydronic heating system located in hallway and upstairs living
Air conditioning condensing unit located with services on eastern boundary
Photovoltaic array with 21 panels located above the upstairs living room
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC
Hydronic heating units located in upstairs spaces
Range hood exhaust fan in kitchen with sheetmetal duct and external louvre
Existing telecommunications pit located on Wendouree Parade
1m
Hydronic slab heating system on ground floor and upstairs bathrooms
Air conditioning split-cycle located underneath ensuite and above bathroom
Intercom system with camera for visitors and deliveries
0
HEATING
VENTILATION
COMMUNICATION
1:50 at A3
Rainwater collected from roof system and diverted to water tank in front yard
COOLING
Solar inverter to invert DC to AC, located on eastern exterior with services
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Solar hot water system with hot water system booster located with services
Keyless entry pad security system to arm/ disarm alarm system Security detector with sensors as deterrence safety measure
ENTERTAINMENT Dynamic audio system utilising recessed ceiling and wall speakers Dual tv and pay tv outlets located in both living rooms
Graphic user interface for home automation system
FIRE SAFETY
Data point, wireless access point and telephone points for devices
Hardwired smoke alarm system located near kitchen and bedroom entries
06
PHYSICAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS Do the physical enclosures express aspects of the building, such as internal spaces, structure and materiality?
The use of physical enclosure systems reflects the overall design expression aligned with a ‘gesamtkunstwerk’ approach, concealing structure and substrate through valuing premium materiality and a clean, smooth design aesthetic. Physical enclosure systems adopted often conceal structural elements, in an attempt to convey notions of effortlessness and simplicity, contrasting to the complex and intentionally designed arrangement of structural, partitioning, environmental protection, electrical and mechanical systems. Physical enclosure systems vary both internally and externally, however throughout the design immense emphasis is placed on quality of material through using premium stone, timber finishes. Throughout the building, bespoke joinery is designed to express and compliment internal spaces, creating unique context-specific designed joinery serving functionality whilst also . The initial design intent of creating interconnected pavilions is achieved through variations in external cladding including a range of brick, timber, zinc, steel and glass finishes. Floor finishes include a variety elegant smooth stone and tile finishes, concealing the concrete but maintaining functionality in accordance with the hydronic heating system. Bedrooms include soft carpet for comfort and privacy, with timber flooring used for the living room areas.
Viridian ThermoTech Low E double glazed with 12mm argon gap clear finish
GLAZING
JOINERY
Spotted gum 130x19mm tongue and groove timber floorboards fixed to yellow tongue particleboard with nails Pryanese raj brown sandstone paving random sizes 20-40mm thickness, drytreat stain proof finish for conservatory
INTERNAL
INTERIOR WALL PHYSICAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEMS
Spotted Gum crown cut timber veneer panels, mitred junctions / end match used for bedroom joinery, data and kitchen Artedomus Bianco marble stone fixed to particleboard substrate, 20mm thick, square edge with 2mm mitred corner Ash white plastic laminate for laundry bench and cupboard with melamine internal finish of draws and cupboards
FLOORING
13mm plasterboard, water resistant used in wet areas MDF skirting flush with plasterboard, 100mm nominal height, 16mm thickness
FINISHING PA-01 Haymes Premium 100 low sheen, low toxicity paint used for interior walls PA-02 Haymes Ultra Premium ceiling white low VOC low toxicity paint used for interior ceilings
Artedomus New Ground Silver 600x300mm floor tile 2mm joint width Ceramic white 300x100mm bathroom tile, 6mm thick and 2mm joint width Artedomus Pietra bronze brushed 600x300mm stone, 12-15mm thickness with pre-sealer and Basoil sealer - living room Picotage Luna Pearl 3.66mm broadloom wool carpet laid on Pyrotek Soundlag underlay in upstairs bedrooms Stramit Speed Deck 700 BMT 0.42mm Colorbond Dune colour, concealed fixings
CLADDING
VM Zinc double lock system BMT 0.7mm 430 centres with 25mm standing seam Spotted gum vertical ship lap boards 128x19mm with concealed fix
EXTERNAL
EXTERIOR WALL
Krause Grampian blue brick veneer wall with stretcher bonds and raked joints Artificial landscape with undulating topography linking spaces
tiled finish in bathroom areas with spotted gum veneer for joinery
Concrete slab poured on eastern boundary for access to services
LANDSCAPING
Concrete slab poured on eastern boundary for access to services Pool in backyard with Cotto 48x48 tiles midnight colour, 5mm thickness
VM Zinc double lock cladding for roof and wall cladding
Stramit Speed Deck 700 Colorbond Dune roof system
Pryanese sandstone paving random sizes 20-40mm thickness courtyard / steps
carpeted bedroom spaces with spotted gum timber veneer joinery
Krause Grampian blue brick veneer wall with stretcher bonds and raked joints
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
1:50 at A3
0
1m
2m
3m
EXPLODED ISOMETRIC not to scale
ABPL20033 - 2020, Will Scobie | 892855 |Tutorial 06| Aleks Baltovski | p. 7
Artedomus Bianco marble stone kitchen bench with steel structure
spotted gum timber flooring finish for upstairs living room