Chemical Today May 2018 by worldofchemicals.com

May 2018 | Volume II | Issue XII | ₹275

Expert Viewpoint Coatings Antimicrobials

International Focus Brazil - Coatings Market

CTF 2018

Speaker’s Lounge Infrastructure

Automation

Digitalization Interview

HEALTHY

SNACKING Meet You at

Corrosion Technology Forum 2018 7th-8th June, Sheraton Grand, Bangalore Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Snacktime with IPL Cricket Fever -

A Healthy Indulgence

ith the on-going IPL cricket fever and weekend movie marathons, snacking is becoming a big yes, yes for most youngsters. If this snacking is available as a healthy option, then it is all the more acceptable!

CHEMICAL

TODAY

The most prominent customer demand today is getting hands on foods having natural and healthy ingredients. Also companies are making a beeline for healthy alternatives of comfort foods. Now, all your chips, soups, potato wedges, mixtures, peanuts, samosas, will come with the same texture and crunch sans the over-zealous calories. Along with the snacks, juices are also moving towards satisfying the ‘wellness’ quotient. Beverage manufacturers are facing the heat, to do away with sugar-laden juices and fill them up with real fruits, vegetables and herbs. Read how you can create a healthy indulgence and much more, as we touch upon the flavours & fragrances industry for this month. Exploring healthcare and technology integration, we give an insight into the world of digital medicines. Consisting of oral pharmaceuticals formulated with an ingestible sensor, Digital Medicines allow communication with the patient’s mobile device when they have been swallowed. This new category of pharmaceuticals, pairing medications with sensors, opens the door for more informed decisions and conversations across the healthcare field and enables a true integration of technology directly into medications. Considering the dangers of corrosion, a Yale student is using robotics to change the industrial inspection industry and save many lives in the refineries, oil & gas and petroleum plants. Dianna Liu, a former ExxonMobil worker and now a Yale student has developed a pipe-crawling robot system for proper pipeline inspection. As a founder of ARIX Technologies, Liu’s new corrosion management solution will integrate robotics and predictive data analytics. The robot will continuously collect data on the state of corrosion at any point of a pipe. This will offer a radical improvement over the isolated data points that existing technology provides. Ultimately, this application of science and tech will enable them to reduce risks, improve operational strategies, cut costs and most important, save lives. Building on such ideas for corrosion monitoring and maintenance, the Corrosion Technology Forum 2018, ‘Domain Of Corrosion’ will fully unravel the corrosion protection technologies used in various sectors. The main focus of the conference will be to share awareness regarding a systematic approach to fight corrosion, to make plants safe for employees and prevent losses due to unplanned production shut down. Organized by Worldofchemicals.com and The Society for Surface Protective Coatings - India (SSPC), the conference will address issues and solutions related to oil & gas industry, refineries, infrastructure, power plants and chemical plants. For more information visit http://www.worldofchemicals.com/corrosion-technology-forum-2018.html For suggestions or feedback write to editorial@worldofchemicals.com

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Chemical Today

is a monthly magazine focused on chemistry & the chemical industry.

CONTENTS

QUOTES 04

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS

MIDDLE EAST

NEWS NATIONAL 06 INTERNATIONAL 08 MOVERS & SHAKERS 10

EVENTS 12

EXPERT VIEWPOINT

Henrik Andersen,

Head of Protective and Industrial, Hempel A/S

Jayakumar Krishnaswamy, Managing Director, AkzoNobel India

David Chaperon, Head of Innovation, Sanitized AG

AUTOMATION

14 18 20

CORROSION INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRY SPEAKER’S FORUM

28 30

GREEN CHEMISTRY

SECTOR VIEW FLAVOURS INDUSTRY

REPORT BIOCIDES 46 ENCAPSULATED FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES 48 FUNCTIONAL FLAVORS 50 CLEANING CHEMICALS 52

Robert Wong,

Group President & CEO, Hempel A/S

CHEMICAL SECTORS HAIR INDUSTRY TEXTILES INDUSTRY PLASTIC COMPONENTS

BRAZIL-COATINGS

EVENT COVERAGE CPHI NORTH AMERICA

ACADEMIC R & D YOUNG TURKS ACADEMIC SPEAK

56 61 62

LOGISTICS MARKET REPORT

JOBS 68 IPRODUCTS 70 EQUIPMENT WATER TESTING 74 FRAGRANCE & FLAVOR APPLICATIONS 76 EQUIPMENT 78 GLOSSARY 80

Anil Bhatia,

Vice President & Managing Director – India, Emerson Automation Solutions

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Antonio Carlos de Oliveira, Executive President, ABRAFATI

Published for May 2018.

Rethink your production process! Homogenising Mixing and dispersing

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Dispersing Powder wetting Stirring Emulsifying Mixing Wet Grinding

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powder induction

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QUOTES

India’s contribution in the chemical sector globally is 3 percent and this gives us a huge scope for growth. However, without new research and innovation in this field, we cannot make a quantum jump with qualitative bulk materials. In order to ensure growth, we should have a common research facility for Chemicals, Petrochemicals and Pharmaceuticals. We therefore, seriously believe that we should invest in research, because it is a field where sky is the limit for growth and innovation.

Narendra Modi, Prime Minister Of India.

Gujarat, known as the “chemical” hub of India contributes to more than 60 percent of the national petrochemical production and 35 percent of the national chemical production. A strong base of diversified chemical units across the value chain, a world class petrochemical hub located in Dahej PCPIR, chemical port, LNG terminals as well as supportive government policies are significant growth drivers for the chemical sector in the state. Going forward value addition, innovation and sustainability need to become priority areas for the chemical industry in Gujarat. Vijay Rupani, Chief Minister Of Gujarat.

We want the Indian chemical and petrochemical industry to be the world leaders. For this, whatever facilitation, promotion and assistance is required, we are ready for it. We want to promote the ‘Make in India’ idea globally. Make in India not only for the demand in India, but also to compete with the world.

Ananth Kumar, Minister for Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India. Source: India Chem, Gujarat 2017.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Indian Solar Manufacturers’ Association (ISMA) members have expressed positive sentiments as manufacturing and ‘Make in India’ initiative gathered momentum. The phenomenal growth opportunity of Renewal Energy is unparalleled in the world today, looking at current and future energy consumption in India over the next 2-3 decades. All stakeholders have immense opportunities especially those who make and develop products in India. K N Subramaniam, CEO, Moserbear Solar Ltd and Treasurer, Indian Solar Manufacturers’ Association (ISMA). The rise of e-commerce and access to new technologies has accelerated counterfeiting and other forms of illicit trade. That makes fighting counterfeit medical products an ever-more urgent priority for pharma companies – both in terms of patient safety and brand reputation. Yann Ischi, Director, New Channels and Partnerships, SICPA.

Within the Volkswagen Group, we have a clear strategy for how we want to put battery-electric vehicles into series production across our brands and in many different market segments. However, a major qualification for success in the volume market is more powerful battery concepts. In Volkswagen Group R&D we are focusing on close cooperation, not only with industrial partners but also with the smart minds of the scientific community. Dr Ulrich Eichhorn, Head, Group R&D, Volkswagen AG. Using reverse osmosis for pre-treatment means we can reduce the consumption of specific chemicals for resin bed regeneration by around 60 percent. Ashraf Aly Mostafa, Project Manager, Alexandria Fertilizers Co (Alexfert).

India is a very important market for polyurethanes and has a wonderful potential for growth. When leaders of the industry from all over the world get together under one roof, it leads to better production and faster growth of the industry. R C Bhargava, former CEO and current Chairman, Maruti Suzuki. India today process 565,000 mtpa of polyurethanes and this is expected to cross the 1 million mtpa mark in the next three to four years. Polyurethane is a designers polymer unparalleled by any of its kind when it comes to allowing technologists to chemically design and develop specific end products. Mukesh Bhuta, Chairman, IPUA and Promoter, Expanded Polymer Systems Pvt. Ltd. A host of forces are disrupting the chemical industry – geopolitical risks, changing customer desires, growth challenges, population changes, digital technology proliferation and pervasive volatility, to name a few. Rachael Bartels, Managing Director and Chemicals & Natural Resources Global Industry Lead, Accenture. The number of people in Asia without adequate access to a safe and nutritious food supply is growing - and that’s simply unacceptable. The responsibility to ensure everyone has enough healthy food to eat is a shared one. The plant science industry fully supports the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in the pursuit of wiping out world hunger, and is committed to ensuring farmers in Asia are empowered and enabled to produce more food for a growing population. Dr Siang Hee Tan, Executive Director, CropLife Asia

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

NEWS NATIONAL RELIANCE PLANS TO SHUT OIL, GAS FIELDS IN KG-D6 BLOCK

eliance Industries plans to shut oil and gas production at its main fields in KG-D6 block in the coming months and begin complying with the government’s guidelines for decommissioning facilities in the Bay of Bengal block where output has hit its lowest ever. “Adhering to the Site Restoration Guidelines issued by Government of India, RIL submitted bank guarantee for decommissioning activity for existing producing fields (D1D3 and MA),” the company said in an investor presentation post announcing its fourth quarter earnings. RIL had till date made 19 oil and gas discoveries in the Krishna-Godavari basin. Of these, MA — the only oil discovery in the block — began production in September

2008. Dhirubhai-1 and 3 (D1 and D3) fields went onstream in April 2009. While the company did not provide any timelines for decommissioning and stopping of production at the fields that have witnessed output drop to a fourth of peak, sources privy to the development said MA field may be shut as early as October after the current lease of a floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) unit, which processes output from the field, expires. E-mails sent to RIL and its partner BP plc of UK, which holds 30 per cent stake, for comments remained unanswered. The government’s Site Restoration Guidelines provide for a one-year notice for decommissioning of facilities. In the presentation, RIL said “average production of gas (from KG-D6 block in

January-March 2018) was 4.3 million standard cubic metres per day and oil and condensate was at 1,865 barrels per day.” The gas output, which was lower than 4.9 mmscmd in the October-December quarter of 2017, was made up of output from D1 and D3 and MA fields. It said this was due to “continuing natural decline” at the fields. RIL had in the field development plan for D1 and D3 proposed a capital expenditure of $8.836 billion. For developing Dhirubhai-26 or MA oilfield, it had in 2006 proposed to invest $2.234 billion, which was scaled down to $1.96 billion in 2012. The fields were in the investment plans supposed to last a minimum 15 years but have extinguished in less than a decade. Source: PTI News

BERGER PAINTS TO SET UP RS 200 CRORE PLANT IN UP

erger Paints India Ltd said it has approved an investment of Rs 200 crore to set up an integrated paint manufacturing plant in Uttar Pradesh. “The board of directors of the company has approved installation of an integrated

paint plant with water and solvent-based decorative, industrial and protective coatings, resin, putty, emulsion and construction chemical manufacturing capabilities at an investment of about Rs 200 crore at Sandila Industrial Area in

Uttar Pradesh (UP),” the company said in a BSE filing. “Subject to all required consents and approvals, the project is likely to be completed by the end of the financial year 2019-20,” it added. Source: PTI News

SAUDI ARAMCO, INDIAN CONSORTIUM TO BUILD $44 BN MEGA REFINERY IN RATNAGIRI

audi Aramco has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Ratnagiri Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd (RRPCL), to jointly develop and build an integrated mega refinery and petrochemicals complex at Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. The project cost is estimated at around $44 billion. Saudi Aramco may also seek to include a strategic partner to co-invest in the mega refinery. RRPCL is a consortium of Indian oil companies which includes The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCl), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL). The strategic partnership brings together crude supply, resources, technologies, experience, and expertise of these multiple oil companies with an established commercial presence around the world.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

A pre-feasibility study for the refinery has been completed and the parties are now finalizing the project’s overall configuration. Following the signing of the MoU, the parties will extend their collaboration to discuss the formation of a joint venture that would provide for joint ownership, control, and management of the project. The refinery will be capable of processing 1.2 million barrels of crude oil per day. It will produce a range of refined petroleum products, including gasoline and diesel, meeting BS-VI fuel efficiency norms. The refinery will also provide feedstock for the integrated petrochemical complex, which will be capable of producing approximately 18 million tons per annum of petrochemical production. In addition to the refinery, cracker and downstream petrochemical facilities, the project will include associated facilities

such as a logistics, crude oil and product storage terminals, raw water supply, as well as centralized and shared utilities. “Investing in India is a key part of our company’s global downstream strategy and another milestone in our growing relationship with India. The signing marks a significant development in India’s oil and gas sector, enabling a strategic joint venture and investment partnership that will serve India’s fast-growing demand for transportation fuels and chemical products,” said Amin Nasser, president and CEO, Saudi Aramco. “Participating in this mega project will allow Saudi Aramco to go beyond our crude oil supplier role to a fully integrated position that may help usher in other areas of collaboration, such as refining, marketing, and petrochemicals for India’s future energy demands,” added Nasser.

DOW INAUGURATES TECHNOLOGY CENTRE IN MUMBAI

US Counsel General to Mumbai Edgar D Kagen, with Sudhir Shenoy, CEO, Dow India and Dr A Sreeram, Chief Technology Officer

ow Chemical International Pvt Ltd (Dow India) has inaugurated a stateof-the-art application development hub, ‘Dow India Technology Centre’ (DITC) in Navi Mumbai. With over 5000 customers, DITC will champion applicationdevelopment at various scales. It will increase efficiency and improve speed in development and testing of products and solutions, in India, for India and the region. DITC will be a hotspot for cross-business initiatives and future-ready technologies. “The US-India bilateral trade relationship is already USD 125 billion strong, and new projects and centers like this one only serve to strengthen the economies of both of our countries,” said US consul general to

Mumbai, Edgar Kagan, while inaugurating the centre. Spread over 70,000 square feet, the centre has dedicated labs for six businesses of the company – packaging & speciality plastics, polyurethane, consumer solutions, coating materials, industrial solutions, construction chemicals along with capabilities in analytical science and core R&D. Over the last two decades, Dow India has been credited for revolutionizing the domestic consumer market with numerous inventions. “Product life-cycles have dramatically changed and accelerated over the past decade. This trend creates the imperative for us to continually innovate in, understand

and address these emerging market needs. DITC will be a unique step to accelerate new product development, develop scientific talent and help our customers get a competitive edge in the marketplace,” said Dr A N Sreeram, chief technology officer, The Dow Chemical Company. “The launch of the DITC will mark the second phase of growth for Dow India. The combined potential of sustained inflow of feedstock coming in from Sadara (our Joint Venture with Saudi Aramco), and the application development capabilities of DITC, will enable Dow India to adequately satiate demands of a rapidly growing Indian economy,” said Sudhir Shenoy, CEO, Dow India.

INDIAN OIL APPROVES RS 42 BN ETHYLENE GLYCOL PROJECT IN PARADIP

at an estimated cost of Rs 4,221 crore,” the company said in a regulatory filing.

The board, “accorded approval for implementation of 357-kilotons per annum ethylene glycol Project along with associated facilities at Paradip based on off-gas of the fluid catalytic cracking unit

IOC would use by-products generated from refining crude oil at its 15 million tonnes a year refinery at Paradip to manufacture ethylene glycol. In the plastics industry, ethylene glycol is an important precursor to polyester fibres and resins. Polyethylene terephthalate,

ndian Oil Corporation Limited (IOC) said that its board has approved a Rs 4,221 crore project to set up a petrochemical project at Paradip in Odisha.

used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks, is prepared from ethylene glycol. IOC said the major application of ethylene glycol is in the manufacture of polyester fibre, bottle grade chips and polyester grade chips. “The project would help in meeting the growing domestic demand of ethylene glycol in the country,” it said. Source: PTI News

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

NEWS INTERNATIONAL BAYER TO SELL ADDITIONAL CROP SCIENCE BUSINESS TO BASF FOR €1.7 BN

ayer AG said it has signed an agreement to sell more crop science businesses to BASF for up to €1.7 billion, as part of its takeover of Monsanto. The businesses to be sold generated total sales of €745 million in 2017. The businesses being divested include in particular the global vegetable seeds business, certain seed treatment products, the research platform for wheat hybrids and certain glyphosate-based herbicides in Europe that are predominantly used in industrial applications. In addition, three research projects in the field of total herbicides and Bayer’s digital farming business will also be transferred. In return, Bayer will receive a back license for certain digital farming applications. “With this move, we are implementing the corresponding undertakings made to the European Commission and other regulatory authorities to allow the successful closing of the Monsanto transaction,” said Werner Baumann, chairman of the board of management of Bayer AG. The transaction includes the transfer of some 2,500 employees, around 150 of them in Germany. BASF will maintain all permanent positions for at least three years after closing of the transaction. Bayer aims to close the proposed acquisition of Monsanto in the second quarter this year. In October 2017, Bayer and BASF already concluded an agreement for the sale of certain Crop Science businesses for a base purchase price of €5.9 billion. The businesses in this first package - including Bayer’s global glufosinate-ammonium business and the related LibertyLink™ technology for herbicide tolerance, together with essentially all of the company’s field crop seeds businesses generated total sales of €1.5 billion in 2017.

UBE INDUSTRIES TO BUILD DEMO FACILITY FOR CARBONIZED FUEL IN JAPAN

be Industries has decided to construct a demonstration facility for manufacturing torrefied pellets in Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, with an annual production capacity of 60,000 tonnes. The facility will enable Ube to conduct demonstration tests with the goal of marketing the pellets to conventional coal-fired power plants. The company has developed torrefied pellets carbonized from woody biomass, for use in coal-fired power plants as a co-firing ratio of 10 percent or more (calorie basis). Torrefied pellets will facilitate the use of woody biomass as a renewable energy source to address global warming. Ube Industries’ goal in constructing the demonstration facilities is to commercialize torrefied pellets to reduce the burden on the environment and offer customers (power plants) a solution for co-storage, transport, pulverizing and co-firing of torrefied pellets with coal without the need for additional investment. The torrefied pellets will be tested at Ube Industries’ Okinoyama Coal Center and 216 MW coal-fired power plant. Ube Industries will import at the Port of Ube woody biomass to be used as raw material at the demonstration facility, under the longterm contract with Pinnacle Renewable Energy Inc of Canada.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

BASF, NALCO PARTNER TO PROVIDE GAS TREATMENT SOLUTIONS IN US

ASF Corporation has entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Nalco Water, an Ecolab company, to provide gas treatment solutions to the US gas processing and refining industries. Under the agreement terms, Nalco Water will combine BASF’s gas treating amines portfolio with its industry-leading technology and on-site expertise to offer customers solutions to drive operational efficiency and value. “As a leader in water, energy technologies and services, Nalco Water is an ideal partner to support our midstream and refining customers with amine systems. Nalco Water’s expertise and comprehensive network of industry technical consultants will help ensure customers receive consistent delivery of services and support,” said Heidi Alderman, senior vice president, intermediates, BASF Corporation.

A representative image of gas processing plant. (File photo)

“This combined offering will enable gas processors to improve their amine systems’ operational performance and efficiency by benefiting from the advanced technologies and customer-focused service model that comes with BASF’s extensive experience in gas treatment. Through this agreement, we will provide customers with a step-change in amine unit reliability and performance,” added Jeff Bulischeck, executive vice president and general manager, global heavy industry and mining, Nalco Water.

TOTAL, GOOGLE CLOUD TO DEVELOP AI SOLUTIONS FOR OIL EXPLORATION

otal SA and Google Cloud have signed an agreement to jointly develop artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. This will be applied to subsurface data analysis for oil and gas exploration and production. The agreement focuses on the development of AI programs that will make it possible to interpret subsurface images, notably from seismic studies (using computer vision technology) and automate the analysis of technical documents (using natural language processing technology). These programs will allow Total’s geologists, geophysicists, reservoir and geo-information engineers to explore and assess oil & gas fields faster and more effectively.

Artificial intelligence solutions for oil and gas exploration and production. (File photo)

Under this partnership, Total geoscientists will work side-by-side with Google Cloud’s machine learning experts within the same project team based in Google Cloud’s Advanced Solutions Lab in California.

EXXONMOBIL TO BUY INDONESIA’S LARGEST LUBRICANT MANUFACTURER

xxonMobil Corporation has agreed to purchase PT Federal Karyatama (FKT), one of Indonesia’s largest manufacturers and marketers of motorcycle lubricants, to enable expansion in an important international market. The acquisition includes the Federal oil brand and a 700,000 barrel per year blending plant in Cilegon, Indonesia. ExxonMobil will acquire 100 percent interest in the company from PT Mitra Pinasthika Mustika Tbk and its affiliate. The company expects the transaction to close in the third quarter of 2018. “Asia Pacific is one of the fastest growing lubricants markets in the world. This acquisition, combined with our existing premium Mobil lubricant brand, will help us continue

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

to grow and better serve customers in Indonesia. The knowledge and experience of FKT employees and distributors will play a key role in achieving that objective,” said Bryan Milton, president of ExxonMobil Fuels & Lubricants Company. “Driven by strong economic development and an expanding middle class, Asia is expected to represent 70 percent of global lubricant demand growth over the next decade. We continue to make strategic investments across our lubricant value chain to ensure ExxonMobil is well positioned to meet increasing global lubricant demand,” added Nigel Searle, senior vice president of ExxonMobil Lubricants.

NEWS MOVERS & SHAKERS BP NAMES FORMER STATOIL CEO AS CHAIRMAN BP PLC has appointed Helge Lund (55) to succeed Carl-Henric Svanberg as chairman of the company. Lund will join the BP board as chairman-designate and a non-executive director on 1st September. He will be appointed chairman on 1st January 2019. Lund who is also chairman of Novo Nordisk AS in Denmark will stand down with immediate effect from his directorship at Schlumberger, the global oil service group. Lund served as chief executive of BG Group from 2015 to 2016 when the company merged with Shell. He joined BG Group from Statoil where he served as president & CEO for 10 years from 2004. “BP has come successfully through a challenging period under the strong and committed leadership of Carl-Henric and Bob. I am looking forward to working with Bob and his team as they address the changing energy landscape,” said Lund. “Our industry is changing faster than ever as the world focuses on meeting the dual challenge of more energy with fewer emissions,” said Svanberg.

Helge Lund

“I have known Lund for more than a decade. With strategic vision and a modern, global perspective, he has a clear understanding of the challenges and the opportunities facing our industry,” said Bob Dudley, group chief executive, BP.

JOHNSON MATTHEY APPOINTS COVESTRO CEO AS CHAIRMAN

ohnson Matthey PLC has appointed Patrick Thomas, CEO of Covestro AG as its next chairman. Patrick will succeed Tim Stevenson, who retires after seven years in the company. Thomas will join the board as non-executive director and chairman designate on 1st June and will be appointed as chairman of the board on 26th July. Thomas has deep experience in leading international speciality chemicals businesses. He brings to Johnson Matthey an impressive track record of driving growth through science and innovation across global markets. Since 2015, he has been CEO and chairman of the management board of Covestro AG. He is also an independent nonexecutive director of Akzo Nobel NV. “I am delighted to welcome Patrick as the future chairman of Johnson Matthey and look forward to working with him as we deliver our growth strategy,” said Robert MacLeod, chief executive of Johnson Matthey. “I am really excited to be joining Johnson Matthey, a company with a strong reputation for science and a great team of people. I am looking forward to joining the board as we continue to evolve and grow, creating value for our shareholders and for the world around us,” added Thomas.

Patrick Thomas

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

CHANGE OF CEO AT BASF: BRUDERMULLER TO SUCCEED BOCK

ffective as of the end of the annual shareholders’ meeting 2018, Dr Martin Brudermuller will become the new chairman of the board of executive directors of BASF SE. Dr Kurt Bock, the previous chairman, presented his successor with a 3D-printed model of a storage tank, on whose outside staircase a BASF employee climbs to the highest point. After the end of the statutory two-year cooling-off period, Bock is to be elected to the supervisory board in 2020. Since 2006, Brudermuller has been a member of the executive directors board, since 2011, vice chairman of the executive directors board and, since 2015, chief technology officer. The miniature is made of PLA (Polylactic Acid) and was manufactured using an additive material extrusion process by BigRep GmbH, a strategic partner of BASF 3D Printing Solutions GmbH. With materials, system solutions, components and services, BASF has a broad portfolio in the field of 3D printing.

Dr. Kurt Bock (L), previous CEO, presented Dr Martin Brudermuller with a 3Dprinting model of a storage tank, on whose outside staircase a BASF employee climbs to the highest point.

AKZONOBEL APPOINTS ANDERSEN AS BOARD MEMBER

kzoNobel NV has appointed Nils Andersen as a new member of the supervisory board and subsequently appointed chairman by the board. Nils Andersen will succeed Antony Burgmans, who was the previous chairman and served three terms as a member of the supervisory board. Louis Hughes has also stepped down after serving three terms. Nils Andersen is a non-executive director at BP PLC and Unilever, where he serves on the audit committees of both companies. Andersen was group chief executive (CEO) of AP Moller – Maersk from 2007 until 2016 and had previously been president and CEO of Carlsberg and Carlsberg Breweries. “Nils Andersen has a wealth of relevant experience gained during an extensive international career in the consumer goods, energy, and shipping industries,” said Byron Grote, deputy chairman of the supervisory board.

Nils Andersen

EVENTS 11 – 15 June 2018 ACHEMA

UPCOMING EVENTS

Location: Frankfurt am Main, Germany Organised by: DECHEMA Website: http://www.achema.de/en/home.html Pharmaceutical, packaging and storage techniques are a longstanding tradition at ACHEMA. We expand the exhibition group by the topics intralogistics, flow of material, tracking and tracing, temperature controlled transport, intermodal transport, supply chain management.

20 – 21 June 2018

Chemspec Europe

Location: Koelnmesse in Cologne, Germany Organised by: Mack Brooks Exhibitions Ltd Website: http://www.chemspeceurope.com/2018/english/ Europe’s premier sourcing and networking event for the fine and speciality chemicals industry. The exhibition is the central marketplace for manufacturers, suppliers and distributors of fine and speciality chemicals to meet with purchasers and agents looking for specialised products or bespoke solutions. It is renowned for its specialised profile, presenting a platform to market products and solutions to the fine and speciality chemicals community.

04 - 06 September 2018

IRC

Location: Kuala Lumpur Organised by: International Rubber Conference Organisation Website: https://irc2018.com/ The IRC - “Transforming Technology; Driving Innovation’ is expecting 200 papers and posters to be presented on the topics such as rubber novelty, rubber materials, rubber science, biotechnology, polymer synthesis, rubber modern processing technology, applications and services, tyre technology, rubber engineering, environment management and sustainability in rubber as well as progress in test method and development and other related topics.

30 Aug – 01 Sept 2018

Food Ingredients

Location: India Expo Mart, Greater Noida, New Delhi Organised by: UBM Website: https://www.figlobal.com/india/ The B2B event showcases the entire Indian sub-continent focused on food and health ingredients, processing and packaging industries. It is an opportunity to source the latest and most innovative ingredients which have been directly discovered in the heart of India, grow and nurture business relationships by meeting with the most important ingredients suppliers and buyers in the region.

18 - 20 October 2018

Biofuels & Bioenergy

Location: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Organised by: Conferenceseries.com Website: https://biofuels-bioenergy.conferenceseries.com/ The event brings together participants from all over the globe. Theme of the conference is “Biofuels and Bioenergy for Future” with an objective to empower the appealing research field alongside the need of commercialization by giving a chance to meet the specialists and Business entrepreneurs in the field of Biofuels and Bioenergy.

27 – 29 November 2018

ValveWorld Expo

Location: Dusse¬ldorf, Germany Organised by: Messe Düsseldorf GmbH Website: https://www.valveworldexpo.com/ The world’s leading trade fair for industrial valves. This conference provides an opportunity for people from all sides of the flow control industry to come together to discuss experiences, share insights and work together to resolve common challenges.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

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PERSONAL CARE HAIR INDUSTRY

WASHING AWAY THE “BAD HAIR DAY”:

RESPONDING TO CHANGING TRENDS IN HAIRCARE

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

BY SANDEEP GADGIL

air is exposed to many damaging processes, including: repeated washing, combing and heat styling; bleaching and coloring; air pollution and the sun’s UV rays. The combination of these factors can lead to hair that is: more difficult to manage and comb; susceptible to breaking easily; dull and rough in appearance; more water absorbent and porous; and more prone to color fading. The evolved and aware consumer of today is asking for hair-care products that give maximum protection from damage and have a long-term benefit. Studies have shown that “damaged hair” is repeatedly among the top five claims in new hair care product launches every year according to Euromonitor and Mintel.1, 2 The challenge that consumers face is that many of today’s hair repair solutions only target damaged sites on the hair cuticle, rather than protecting the total hair strand. The short-term fixes no longer appeal the consumer. This increases the demand for hair-care solutions tremendously. With the size of the world’s middle class expected to grow from 1.8 billion to 3.2 billion by 2020, we are collaborating with our customers to make products that not only perform better but are more accessible and more globally sustainable. Building on our strength in silicon-based technology and more than 30 years of experience in the hair care industry, we deliver innovative solutions that address a wide range of hair care needs for different age groups, ethnicities, cultures, climates and desires around the world.

Broad, Versatile Solutions for Hair Care Color Protection More people are using colorants to hide gray hair, embrace fashions or express individuality. Because colorants can cause damage, it is important for hair to retain its natural, radiant and healthy appearance. Dow provides solutions to protect against color fade from shampooing and sunlight and to condition colored hair. Additionally, they deliver extra shine, body, smoothness, softness and manageability. Hair Strengthening – Hair damage comes not only from treatments such as styling, coloring, heating or straightening, but also from repeated washing, drying, brushing and combing. And the damage is cumulative. Dow offers an array of excellent detangling and conditioning solutions. We also provide materials that deliver hair strengthening benefits in both leave-on and rinse off applications to help prevent further damage and breakage.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

PERSONAL CARE HAIR INDUSTRY Lightweight Conditioning With aging populations, more people have thinning, fine and short hair. Many are concerned about hair damage but anxious about over-conditioning. They seek products that clean, condition and style without leaving their hair heavy, limp, dull or greasy. A series of lightweight conditioning materials that detangle hair without leaving a heavy or greasy feel are optimal for these requirements. At Dow India, the materials we use in formulations do deliver these benefits, while also providing extra body and volume with reduced flyaway hair or frizz.

Flexible Styling Consumers with curly hair typically seek a natural, soft, bouncy look. This can be difficult to achieve as curls tangle, break and become frizzy, particularly in more extreme climates and environments. Dow has new, patented technologies that provide the right balance of flexible hold

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

and conditioning that is ideal for leaveon conditioners and styling aids. These technologies also add strength and protect hair against heat styling and frizz. This trend is especially pronounced in ethnic hair care segment – around the world, ethnic groups have fundamentally different hair care needs and expectations. African and Hispanic hair tends to be more curly, kinky, fragile and dry. Products that moisturize and straighten are often desired. Asian hair is generally straighter, thicker, longer and stronger. These consumers favor products that add shine, alignment and smoothness. At Dow India, we have worked for decades to try and test various chemistries to deliver a broad and versatile range of solutions, helping formulators meet the needs of varying consumer groups. In this article, we will refer mainly one chemistry in particular – silicones. We have conducted exhaustive tests on these technologies that have been developed in-house.

Restoration of hair’s hydrophobic state Healthy hair is hydrophobic, meaning it naturally repels water. Using a combination of absorption and sink testing, Dow has demonstrated the ability of specific silicones to restore damaged hair’s hydrophobic state.

Water Absorption Test To test absorption, water droplets were deposited on damaged hair tresses, and the time required for the water to be absorbed was measured. The test analyzed hydrophilic bleached, damaged hair against the same hair treated with DOWSIL™ CE7081 Smart Style formulation at a 3 percent dilution over the course of two seconds, 10 seconds and two minutes. Tresses treated with DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style formulation demonstrated a much higher degree of hydrophobicity as evidenced by the longer time required for absorption.

Hair Sink Test Furthermore, researchers studied the buoyancy/porosity of virgin hair, untreated damaged hair, and damaged hair treated with DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style formulation. Portions of hair tresses were released in beakers of water, and the hair’s behavior was observed. The results demonstrate that damaged hair treated with the dilution of DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style formulation behaves like virgin hair, remaining on top of the water and demonstrating natural hydrophobicity.

Contact Angle Test Contact angle tests are often used to quantify hydrophobicity. A higher contact angle means a water droplet remained intact on the surface of hair rather than spreading out across a strand. Measurements of contact angle were taken between a water drop and the surface of bleached hair tresses treated with rinse-off conditioner containing 2 percent silicone active versus the surface of tresses treated with a control conditioner (no silicone) and with two commercial benchmarks. The measurements were repeated after six, 10 and 15 washes with diluted surfactant solution. Tresses treated with Dow silicones demonstrated durable hair hydrophobicity compared to tresses treated with the control or with the commercial benchmarks; additionally, this benefit was maintained for up to 15 washes.

Long-lasting hydrophobicity and conditioning Efficient conditioning reduces combing forces and can help reduce hair breakage over time. Scientists conducted combing trials to test the level of conditioning versus hair breakage after multiple washes.

Wet and Dry Combing Test Tresses of bleached hair were treated with rinse-off conditioner containing 2 percent silicone active versus tresses treated with a control rinse-off conditioner (no silicone). Combing forces were measured using a Dia-Stron automated combing instrument; measurements were repeated after 15 washes with diluted surfactant solution. Rinse-off conditioner containing Dow silicones significantly reduced both wet and dry combing forces compared to the control. Additionally, the dry combing

force reduction benefit persisted after 15 washes.

combing forces and breakage to provide long-lasting performance.

Protection from hair breakage

•

Anti-breakage is one of the most popular claims made for damage care products. The film formed by silicone on the hair can prevent damage caused by everyday grooming – thus significantly reducing hair breakage.

The Daily Rescue Shampoo contains DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style and includes gentle cleansing with medium conditioning.

Repeated Combing Test To test how hair stands up against repeated combing, bleached hair tresses were treated with rinse-off conditioner containing 2 percent silicone active and with a control rinse-off conditioner (no silicone). Treated tresses were subjected to 10,000 comb strokes at a speed of 80 strokes/ minute; the broken hairs were weighed, and percent reduction in broken hair (versus the control) was calculated. The results demonstrated that tresses treated with rinse-off conditioner containing the silicones displayed significantly less breakage than the tresses treated with the control.

Silicone distribution and quantification Deposition is a key element of hair protection. To work most effectively the products must deposit evenly – from the root of the hair to the tip.

Silicone Map Distribution Test To test silicone distribution, bleached hair was treated with rinse-off conditioner containing 2 percent active silicone. Using FT-IR analysis, multiple hair fibers were analyzed to determine the distribution of silicone deposited on different regions of the hair. Test results demonstrated that DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style formulation deposited more evenly among the hair fibers than the benchmark.

Solutions that address every ‘badhair day’ Based on the test results of its three key silicones for damaged hair, Dow has developed a kit with four hair care formulations containing silicone-based ingredients. Formulators can use these to conduct their own test on how silicones can help restore hair’s hydrophobic state, improve sensory profile and reduce

•

Daily Rescue Shampoo

3-in-1 Therapy Conditioner

The 3-in-1 Therapy Conditioner contains DOWSIL™ 969 Emulsion and is a custom, multipurpose conditioner. It can be used as a co-wash, rinse-off, or leave-on. •

First Aid Booster

The First Aid Booster is a rinse-off conditioner cream that contains DOWSIL™ CE-7081 Smart Style. It provides high conditioning for damaged hair with longlasting effects, and root-to-tip coverage without build-up while restoring hair’s hydrophobic state. •

Quick-Fix, Protect Spray

The Quick-Fix, Protect Spray is a leaveon spray designed to protect from hair breakage, while providing light conditioning without a tacky residue. This leave-on spray contains DOWSIL™ 8500 Conditioning Agent and includes UVA and UVB sun filters to help protect from environmental damage.

Conclusion Through innovative test methods, selected DOWSILTM high-performance siliconebased products were shown to durably restore hair’s hydrophobic state and provide conditioning and care benefits. By forming an even coating on the hair, these silicones protect the entire shaft from hair breakage by remaining on strands for longer-lasting performance. From these findings, Dow India has developed a solutions kit that can erase hair damage and provide protection against further environmental and behavioral damage. For formulators, this means providing products that are effective at low use levels and backed by substantiated claims through rigorous testing methods. For consumers, this means using technologies that can help keep hair in its most natural, beautiful state and providing “long-lasting” benefits versus short-term “beauty-enhancing” benefits.

Author: Sandeep Gadgil is from TS&D team, Consumer Solutions, Dow India.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

FLAME RETARDANTS TEXTILES INDUSTRY

A PASSAGE TO INDIA How textile technology innovator Devan Chemicals can be of great (added) value to the Indian textile business.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

ndia is a country of colours, contradictions, spirituality, and of course, textiles. Textile is such an important part of Indian culture that there’s a spinning wheel embedded in their national flag. Knowing that, it doesn’t come as a surprise that India is a huge potential market for any business involved in textiles. But the opposite is equally true: some companies can be of great value to the Indian textile markets. One of those companies is Devan Chemicals, an R&D driven manufacturer of specialty chemicals for the worldwide textile markets. Devan has a strong focus on innovation and sustainability and is specialized in flame retardants, antimicrobial solutions, functional masterbatch additives, micro-encapsulation and much more.

The sky is not the limit India is the third largest and fastest growing domestic aviation market in the world. And for obvious reasons, airline textiles are obliged to meet very strict flame retardancy (FR) regulations. Besides the FAR norm (burning behaviour), some airlines also choose to upgrade their FR performance in compliance with ABD norms (Airbus and Boeing) for smoke density and toxicity. Devan has a long history of developing FR solutions for different market segments and understands the headaches the industry faces. The company offers solutions that are halogen, antimony and heavy-metal free but still allow textile producers to comply with the latest regulations. Furthermore, Devan also offers functional masterbatch additives, named @2Spin®, that lock the flame retardancy inside the yarn, so less or none of a topical chemical treatment is needed. Devan has also been talking to many suppliers of the textiles used for aircraft interiors and has learned about the challenges of keeping cabins fresh and clean for a long period of time. Unwanted odours and stains from food or drink spills are just a few of the concerns of both the passengers and airline personnel. The company’s antimicrobial solution or odour breakdown technology could provide an answer to these concerns. They even offer a probiotic-based allergen control solution for your seats and carpets, a technology that was created ten years ago for the bedding market to prevent household allergies.

Holy colours Thinking of India, beautiful vibrant coloured clothing immediately pops into mind. Passerelle SQD+®, a Devan moisture management technology, not only improves the handle of textiles with a silky soft feel, but also keeps the colour vibrancy for a longer period of time intact, wash after wash. This improves the perceived quality of the fabric and makes clothes retain their new look for longer. Due to the improved durability, clothes can be kept longer, which also has an environmental advantage. India has a very young population, with half of its inhabitants being under the age of 25. The country operates the second largest education system in the world, after China. The vast majority of schools, both public and private alike, have a mandatory school uniform policy in the grades 1 to 12. It might not come as a surprise that these uniforms have to endure a lot. With Stainrelease®, another Devan finishing technology, different types of stains (ketchup, grass, mud) can be washed away more easily than ever. This product is currently being used in India to treat British school uniforms.

Extrusion & spinning, fibres & yarns India is one of the largest producers of man-made fibres in the world, and also exports them worldwide. Man-made fibre textiles not only include carpet yarn, but also yarn for sportswear, apparel and home textiles. Devan notices more and more interest in functionalities locked inside the yarn through masterbatch additives. The company is exploring the possibilities in this field and offers up to this day functionalities like softness, flame retardancy and antimicrobial properties. Some of these additives are currently in test in different companies in India.

HIGH-TECH PLASTIC COMPONENTS

T N A N A S A G RON

AS ST 20

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

lastics are an important part of our daily lives. They are in our coffee machines, bicycle helmets, and our cars, to name but a few examples. The hightech plastics of Durethan and Pocan from LANXESS are specialists in complex, technical applications. With HiAnt, the chemical company can also offer customers all-round service for the development of comprehensive system solutions. Tailored to customer requirements, this service covers component design, material selection, functional construction, and tool design, through to assistance with the commencement of production.

Strong Service The HiAnt brand name is based on the word “ant”. Ants can carry multiple times their own body weight despite their delicate bodies. They are also renowned for their industriousness and well-organized teamwork which interlinks through effective communication. These qualities are also closely related to this service, which is why LANXESS came up with the brand name HiAnt. “These qualities point to innovations that we used in the lightweight design of highstrength structural components in relation to materials, material combinations, design, and processes. Our HiAnt engineers work side by side with our customers during the component design, material selection, functional planning, and mold design phases through to technical support with production processes,” said Jan Bender, head of marketing EMEA in the highperformance materials (HPM) business unit. The similarity in sound between HiAnt and the term “high-end” is no coincidence. “We regard ourselves as a technology leader and provider of high-end solutions in many

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

innovation areas with our plastics,” said Bender.

Purposeful Development LANXESS serves customers in the lighting, electrical, and electronics industries through all development phases of plastic components. “We want to develop component solutions with our customers, which are optimally tailored for all stress scenarios and requirements, and which are also convenient and economical. For example, we check the suitability of a material for a certain application as quickly as possible. This enables our customer to ensure purposeful development,” explained Frank Lutter, CAE team leader in the customer engineering services division in HPM.

in the lighting industry and adapt the design of a housing to the forces by making modifications to reinforcing ribs.

Partners For The Automotive Industry

One highlight of HiAnt is a simulation tool, which enables components to be designed with the right plastics in order to efficiently dissipate heat. It takes the component geometry, installation situation, and heat input into account. It can be used to show how the temperature of an LED heat sink, for example, depends on its geometry and source material. “We can also visualize the flow of air (air convection) around a component. This enables design engineers to align cooling ribs with the convection, for example, to improve heat dissipation,” Lutter explained.

The HPM business unit at LANXESS is also a strong development partner for the automotive industry. HPM determines important material data for customers, such as strain-rate-dependent material values in complex high-speed tensile tests, which are key indicators for the simulation of the crash behavior of components. Component checking is another area of expertise of HiAnt. In the shaker testing facility for vibration checks, all typical vibration checks can be carried out on the largest intake modules for the air intake tract in the engine. HiAnt services include feasibility, weight, cost and risk analyses, as well as application-specific recommendations for material selection. We also offer advice to ensure that the right plastics are used in molded parts and we provide material characteristics to determine key load cases. “We also simulate the production process and mold filling as well as component behavior in terms of aspects such as static and dynamic loadbearing capacity, natural frequency, stone impact resistance, and crash behavior,” Bender summarized.

These simulations help to save costs and time, as the prototyping workload is reduced and a large part of the development work can be conducted virtually by computer. Another key service element of HiAnt is the computational design of components, which are subject to strong mechanical stresses due to shock or impact, for example. LANXESS can thus carry out computational simulations of the hammer and ball-drop impact tests commonly used

With its HiAnt engineering expertise, LANXESS helps its customers at all stages of the development of components for new forms of mobility – from the initial idea through the start of production. “We make use of our extensive experience with plastic components for the automotive, electrical, and electronics industries. We understand our field and know how these industries think,” Bender explained.

From Idea To Production

EXPERT VIEWPOINT COATINGS INDUSTRY BY SHIVANI MODY Development in the coatings industry. The global paints & coatings market will continue to grow in both advanced and emerging markets though growth will be higher in the emerging countries in Asia, particularly China and India. Construction, transportation, automotive, decorative and industrial sectors will continue to drive growth. Growth in this market will be driven mainly by increasing demand for highperformance products in emerging and transitional economies, with an increasing emphasis on globalised processes. In terms of technology, innovations will be focused on developing coating systems that increase efficiency, reduce lifecycle operational costs, extend asset life whilst reducing the environmental footprint and being more sustainable. This will mean not only more investments in water-borne and higher solids technologies, but new novel concepts such as “smart coatings” using nano-technology.

Growth potential for coatings in Asia Pacific.

Henrik Andersen

COATING NEW POSSIBILITIES Henrik Andersen, Group President & CEO and Robert Wong, Head of Protective and Industrial at Hempel A/S open up about the dynamics of coatings and the ways in which customer demands and requirements are shaping the growth of this industry 22

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

In our strategy towards 2020, Journey to Excellence, we focus on growing faster than the market in all our segments. We still recognise untapped market opportunities in our Protective segment. The marine market remains challenging as the new building market decreased. We have managed to maintain our market share in a very difficult, decreasing market. We expect new building order to remain on a very low level in the coming years. The same is the case for the market for maintenance. We recognise a great growth potential within Decorative, but this is still a segment with limited global presence for Hempel. Whether we will see Hempel grow in Asia Pacific and India and/or other regions of the world is not something we want to be specific about at this point, however, we can say that we are looking at all corners of the world when we’re talking about growth, and Asia Pacific and India is by no means left out.

Requirements from end user industries. At Hempel, we partner with our customers to develop new and innovative solutions for all our segments (Marine, Protective, Industrial, Decorative). This approach ensures their needs are met. This year, we launched Hempadur 15600 – a high

performing, chemical resistant and two component epoxy coating for offshore asset owners, specifically designed for the protection of Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) cargo tanks.

Protective coatings demands from emerging markets. Traditionally, emerging markets have favoured low-quality, very cost competitive coatings and although there is still a high demand for this, emerging and transitional markets are starting to move up to higher performance coatings as their economies mature, which in part is driven by the need for more environmentally-sensitive products. For example, in 2015 in China, and virtually overnight, imposed a 4 percent tax on high VOC (volatile organic compound) products to reduce air pollution in their major industrial cities.

Incorporating benefits of internet of things in coatings industry. We are working on incorporating technology in our marine coatings, and we see this as the first step – technology will in our opinion be a given part of the entire coatings industry in the future.

Robert Wong

R&D and innovations from the company.

on how we achieved customer connect in the Middle East. Our customers want a better in-store experience, as well as 24/7 accessibility. The challenge was to deliver both to Decorative customers in the Middle East. So, to make it easier for customers and applicators to find the ideal Hempel product, the coatings manufacturer increased the number of shops in the Middle East by 26 percent in 2017, reaching a total of 180 Hempel stores in the region by the end of the year.

Our goal is to develop and innovative trusted solutions that protect our customers’ assets and add value to their business. This means a constant and increased customer focus, as all innovation starts with the customers. We enter partnerships with our customers to get an even deeper understanding of their needs and the challenges they face. Our strong global set-up with 15 R&D centres worldwide enables to respond quickly to local customer needs, develop specific solutions for local markets and provide technical support.

At the same time, Hempel enhanced its stores to showcase the latest decorative trends, enabling Hempel’s customers to get inspiration, products and expert advice, all in one place. In addition, customers could access Hempel’s product catalogues, place orders and do much more through My Hempel. We launched the app in 2016. By the end of 2017, 99 percent of Hempel’s retail partners in the Middle East were using it, and 40 percent of all orders in Hempel’s Middle East (West) region were being made through My Hempel.

The solution we are developing is about adding technology elements to our hull coatings. This technology can send data to a computer, suggesting whether it is time for inspections or re-coating. The ideal technology solution will allow our customers to dock their ships only when necessary.

Our R&D department also focuses on entering into collaborative partnerships that drive value through innovation. It can be partnerships with suppliers, research teams, universities and other institutes.

Insight into company’s mobile app solutions. The whole idea is to combine an expanded physical store network with our online customer-centric web portal, My Hempel, to help us get closer to customers. The success of this app can be exemplified

Sustainability needs in coatings solutions. At Hempel, we care for the environment. This is shown through our product stewardship, and our continued work to reduce the environmental impact of our operations. To help reduce CO2 emissions from energy consumption, we launched a programme to install power monitoring technology across our production sites. The introduction of energy meters, software and supporting infrastructure allows us

to evaluate total electricity consumption and how energy is being used. With access to specific real-time energy data, we can make informed fact-based decisions on how we can further optimise our facilities and continually improve. In 2017, power management capability was installed at seven of our largest production units. We will cover our remaining factories in 2018. In 2017, we also initiated a number of energy saving activities, and we expect to see the full effect from these in 2018 and onwards.

Challenges faced by coatings manufacturers. The key challenges faced by coatings manufacturers are to develop products that are fit for a multitude of challenging environment conditions; be cost competitive; reduce the total-costof-ownership for their clients; and be sustainable with minimal impact on the environment. All this requires innovation not only in the development of novel products, but also the services and processes in producing and delivering them to customers. The cost of raw materials over the last two years has increased dramatically, where key commodity raw materials has increased by high, doubledigit percentages, dragging down the profitability of all coatings manufacturers. In addition, increasing regulations and laws on the use of raw materials, and the cost of registering them, mean that the range of raw materials that can be used become less.

To read the full interview, visit http://www.worldofchemicals.com/chemicaltoday/digitalissue.html

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

EXPERT VIEWPOINT PAINTS & COATINGS

Jayakumar Krishnaswamy, Managing Director, AkzoNobel India, delves into the next gen technological advancement that will drive the paints & coatings industry.

REVOLUTIONIZING

COATING TECHNOLOGY BY SHIVANI MODY Future of things to come in paints & coatings industry. Digital innovation is vastly influencing the paints & coatings industry world over. It is making it easier for customers to take advantage of our colour knowledge and expertise. Our popular Visualizer decorating app, for example, allows people to play with colour ideas and see what rooms will look like, before any paint has been applied to the wall. It has been downloaded nearly 20 million times to date. Meanwhile, our highly successful Automatchic Vision tool is a revolutionary digital system which allows bodyshops to precisely measure and match the existing colour on any area of a vehicle. We deployed our 10,000th device during 2017. Trend forecasting has also become an integral part of the industry. Every year, our much-anticipated trend reports – such as ColourFutures, Trend Editions and our Colour of the Year – provide consumers and designers with exciting ideas to help coat products and transform living spaces. Meanwhile, every four years, we update

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

our Futura collection for powder coatings – a collaboration with leading trend consultants – which offers a new source of inspiration to architects and designers. The comprehensive research which underlies these activities serves as the foundation for colour innovation and inspiration across all our businesses. The aim is to better understand our global society and what we need from our environment. These trends are then translated into the colours that help shape our lives.

Coating trends in various industries in Asia Pacific and India. The growth prospective for Coatings is expected to be positive for most segments and regions, while still challenging for Marine and Protective Coatings. The Coatings business is increasingly incorporating low energy processes and working to reduce carbon footprint across the value chain. Particular emphasis is now being placed on supplying products that offer environmental benefits for customers. Also digital innovation is the new buzzword in this industry.

Advancement on various paint additives. Over the years, extensive research has been undertaken in this field which is yielding results. Some of the cuttingedge technology in Wetting & Dispersing (W&D) additives includes high molecular weight W&D additives, hyper-branched polymers revolution, star like polymers, control polymerization technology (Taylor Made Polymer) and high molar volume technology. These technologies are helping in enhancing the coating properties of solvents and improving the intrinsic properties of PU films and coatings such as wettability, adhesion, biocompatibility, conductivity, cross-linking density amongst others. It is also aiding in providing higher colour strength, hiding power, improved film gloss, long term stability of pigment dispersions, efficient low-temperature grinding, optimum mill base viscosity and reduced milling time.

Industry demands from paints & coatings manufacturers. We have been working closely with customers to successfully deliver advanced

solutions based on their specific needs. For instance, Carbeat, an industry first digital tool for vehicle repair shops which offers significant benefits by giving a realtime overview of the repair process. In 2017, we introduced new products and technologies to meet customer needs. A new generation of BPANI (BPA nonintent) coatings for beer and beverage packaging was introduced, providing customers with more sustainable and innovative solutions. Automatchic Vision device and Visualizer decorating app, are also some of the examples where we catered to industry demand.

Revolutionizing paints & coatings industry with Industry 4.0. In the functional area, there is a strong focus today on innovation and the continual advancement of science and technology. McLaren Formula 1 team’s racing livery for the 2018 season has been created using the latest superior coatings technology supplied by AkzoNobel. Our new coating systems offer numerous performance and sustainability benefits, such as the latest UV curing primer technology, low film weight, a water-based colour coat and super-fast clearcoat – all with significantly reduced emissions. Our Sikkens brand, a frontrunner in providing premium automotive paint solutions has helped McLaren become a leader in the sustainability race for the new F1 season. Robotic technology also plays a major role in the future of sustainable shipping. AkzoNobel successfully conducted a fully robotized spot-repair, including washing, spot-blasting, and coating application, on a Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC). We are currently developing drones for the inspection of enclosed areas like cargo tanks and hulls where the risk of injury to people is high. In addition, Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) are being engineered for sustainable underwater cleaning.

Measures to tackle corrosion. High-performance anticorrosion coatings are used to protect metal and concrete structures from deterioration caused by exposure to corrosive environments, including corrosion caused by acid rain. These coatings are used across buildings and industrial projects (commercial and residential sector, chemical plants, oil refineries, public utility works, pulp and paper mills, power plants etc). In a highly corrosive environment such as the deep sea, marine vessels require a coating with an antifouling property in addition to corrosion resistance. This type of coating is used to protect ships, offshore oil-

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

drilling rigs and production platforms as well as other structures used in marine environments.

Challenges faced by coatings manufacturers. Headwinds experienced during 2017, including higher raw material costs and adverse effects from foreign currency, are projected to continue in 2018, especially during the start of the year. We anticipate ongoing positive development for Paints in all regions, particularly Asia. Trends for Coatings are expected to be positive for most segments and regions, while still challenging for Marine and Protective Coatings.

Company’s paints & coatings business in Asia Pacific and India. We continued to perform well in 2017, achieving growth throughout Asia, despite continued higher raw material costs, which had an adverse impact across the region. India was also affected by the lingering effects of demonetization in the first half year, and the mid-year implementation of goods and services tax (GST) AkzoNobel’s commitment in India and Asia Pacific is evident from the investments that have been made in the region. This year, we inaugurated the new Powder Coatings plant in Thane, Mumbai with an investment of Rs 650 million. The new facility plays a critical role in AkzoNobel India’s expansion plans and provides a boost to our access to the markets located in Northern & Western parts of India. Last year, we acquired V.Powdertech Co. Ltd., the leading Thai manufacturer of powder coatings, supplying a range of products for domestic appliances, furniture and general industrial applications. In 2016, we inaugurated the first-ofits-kind Specialty Coatings production facility and colour laboratory in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, to serve its customers in the consumer electronics, automobile and cosmetic industries.

R&D and innovation in coatings. We continue to invest in research, development and innovation to help us fulfill future customer needs. AkzoNobel is developing a revolutionary fouling prevention technology which uses ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UVLED). The pioneering solution – which uses underlying technology developed by Royal Philips – will be applied to underwater surfaces to eliminate fouling growth. By teaming up AkzoNobel’s cutting-edge surface protection and adhesion know-how

with Royal Philips’ unrivalled capabilities and intellectual property in UV-LED lighting and electronics, the two companies are aiming to develop an economically viable solution for underwater fouling prevention. The fully biocide-free solution will provide groundbreaking performance and offer complete fouling prevention to the hulls of ships and boats.

Edge over peers in coatings segment. Our Performance Coatings businesses supply high performance coatings. We are increasingly incorporating low energy processes and working to reduce our carbon footprint across the value chain. Innovation is also key to our product development. Over the past few years, we have been focusing on digital innovation to enhance customer experience. Particular emphasis is placed on supplying products that offer environmental benefits for our customers. Our efforts are recognized globally and we are consistently ranked as a leader in sustainability, dedicated to energizing cities and communities while creating a protected, colourful world where life is improved by what we do.

Addressing sustainability needs in coatings solutions. Sustainability is at the heart of everything we do. Our commitment to sustainability is also evident from the various awards and recognition received by the organization in this sphere. In 2017, AkzoNobel returned to the top of the influential Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) to lead the rankings again for the fifth time in six years. AkzoNobel was ranked number one on the influential CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project) Global Chemical Companies List, which ranks the largest publicly listed chemical companies on business readiness for a low carbon transition. AkzoNobel has also been presented with Environment Responsibility Award from the European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic). Our sustainability agenda aims to create value of our customers by providing products with excellent functionality that generate resource or performance benefits ahead of competitive products. All our sites continue to be Zero Discharge. In line with the country’s priorities, we have switched to solar energy and wind energy at our production sites. Our aim is to be carbon neutral and use 100 percent renewable energy by 2050. We engage with partners who believe in our strategy and have the same commitment to finding the right opportunities.

EXPERT VIEWPOINT ANTIMICROBIAL SOLUTIONS

STRIKING OUT ODOR & GERMS

David Chaperon, Head of Innovation, Sanitized AG discusses the simplicity in the complex market domain of hygiene. He delves into the constantly evolving role of biocides for bringing in a new definition for hygiene. BY DEBARATI DAS Global trends in the biocide markets. SANITIZED AG is mainly into personal hygiene functions (comfort), material protection as well as classical hygiene (health care-associated) in textile and polymer applications. This combines hygiene for textile comfort with material protection and active antimicrobial protection for any type of polymers and surfaces. Therefore, we are also into the surface disinfection market using antimicrobial surfaces for active protection against antimicrobial contaminations in public areas, health care settlements, hospitals, food production and transport as well as various other fields of applications.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

In the European and American textile market, SANITIZED AG offers solutions by combining biocides with non-biocidal solutions for textile applications. Especially for sportswear textiles, odor elimination is an important factor and is a clear trend prevalent in Europe and the US. Depending on the markets and regulations, we can also offer antimicrobial solutions for hospital textiles and polymer applications, which effectively reduce microbes present on textiles or any other surfaces.

Sectors witnessing increased demand in biocides market. Biocides include a high variety of chemistry and applications and the role of biocides changes with different geographical requirements. Biocides play an important,

but variable role in places with high population density, regional requirements or climatic conditions. In view of a global perspective, i.e. not limited to the SanitizedÂŽ core applications, we are seeing an increased use of biocides in food packaging production as well as for public areas with high popular density. Antimicrobial surfaces are a general growing market for all type of applications. For textile and polymer applications, the south-east Asian manufactures consume a lot of biocide solutions since they are producing for the US and European regions to meet the market standards and requirements. However, there is also a rise in the awareness of such products in various Asian countries, since they closely

follow the trends from US and Europe and are interested in getting products similar to those available globally. For the Chinese home market, there is a coming-up demand for antimicrobial products with the awareness of sustainability and comfort in the growing middle class. Textile and polymers are strong markets for biocides as they are no longer only the textile producer for the rest of the world. With the urbanization in China, there is an increasing demand for personal hygiene and health care hygiene functions.

Trends in global antimicrobial products market. The megatrends are the increasing global population, a broader and more global food offer, a general much higher personal mobility and transport possibilities as well as a strongly aging population combined with global fears about infection diseases. The increasing global population density requests solutions for classical health care hygiene as well as personal hygiene.

Use of silver based antimicrobial products in various sectors. Classical silver antimicrobial, although very powerful and more effective than other actives, is expensive in comparison to other active ingredients. It also has some physical-chemical disadvantages. In Europe, silver will have a reduced growth in general in comparison to other products, mainly due to the fear of toxicity, restraints versus nanotechnology, environmental concerns and the high cost of the metal. Nevertheless, silver does have a growth potential in textile and polymers. I personally think that oxidative biocides have an interesting potential as they have the advantage of being rather ecofriendly, fast-acting, inexpensive and effective. Among other oxidative actives, peroxide and oxygen radicals are becoming more and more important for certain applications like classical hospital and food production disinfection.

Demands from textile and polymers manufacturers. Polymer has two types of demand. One is polymer preservation, where there is a demand for products, which have longer lasting material protection. This is generally called a passive protection. However, there is also a global demand for active protection of surfaces, which includes hygiene functions in transportation, healthcare facilities as well as others. In textiles, on one hand there is a strong demand from hospital for increased antimicrobial protection of surfaces to build a more save environment of a better hygiene for patients. On the other hand, the sportswear area, which is rapidly growing, requests solutions for antimicrobial personal hygiene and general comfort strongly focusing on odor solution using various technologies.

Companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s focus on R&D and innovation. In textiles, especially sportswear, we are offering solutions combining antimicrobials and non-biocidal anti-odor solutions. For non-biocidal odor solutions, we have most recently developed products where we reduce the setting of germs on textiles and therefore the development of biofilms and malodor during wearing as well as during washing since germs do not adhere to the textile surface and are easily removed during the washing cycle. This prolongs the daily wearing time and comfort, preserves the quality of the textile fiber and does generally extend the life span of clothes. A dominant trend in Europe are biocide-free solutions. We can

offer such solutions and are especially developing solutions, which are mainly focusing on odor prevention and deposit reduction. There is also a lot of research happening on odor absorbents and catalytic systems, which represents a strong demand in the textile comfort market. We can offer the same for polymer applications in combination with biocides. In the polymers, we are working closely with the polymer industry offering similar solutions as required for textile. However, the requirements are very specific depending on the product requirements. As an example and for different regional markets, new car smell is liked in Europe, but detested for the Chinese market. Car polymer preservation and antimicrobial interior is a must or request for both. So, depending on the requirements, we are working not just in the germ protection area, but also in the anti-odor segment.

Ways in which the company provides a differentiation from competitors. This depends on the market, the variable applications and the specific requirements. Understanding the exact customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirements, the regulatory limitations as well as the antimicrobial necessities are key elements in differentiation from competitors. The crux of the biocide technology is that the number of actives available in the market is limited. So almost every bigger or smaller company working in these fields are using similar or the same biocides. What makes us different is how we use these biocides and the value addition that we make in the final products. Consulting customers in choosing and combining the right and most effective technologies among antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, anti-odor and other technologies is an important competitive advantage of our proposed product solutions. Our aim is to find solution for the customers. Be it sportswear or hospital textile, we do a lot of consulting with the customers to understand their real need. We invest a lot in R&D and come up with new products in this fast-growing market. Our customers receive a 360Â° service what includes technical consulting, a combination of analytical, microbiological and physical testing of customer applications, marketing support, a well-known ingredient brand to use as well as regulatory support.

Making eco-friendly and safe antimicrobials. The major issue surrounding biocides are ecological and healthcare concerns. However, SANITIZED AG does not use this type of chemistries, which will lead to any such issues. We also see to it that there is no direct interference between biocides and antibiotics from the healthcare spheres. From ecological point of view, metals like silver and zinc get discharged in the environment and the recovery of these metals is difficult in wastewater plants. However, if you compare the amount of zinc, which comes out of shampoos and lotions, is much higher than those from textiles applications. Nonetheless, we refrain from using any chemicals or metals which is ecologically harmful. Our products are characterized by their harmless human toxicity for consumers as well as their environmental compatibility during processing. SANITIZED is especially focusing on non-releasing and surfaceactive hygiene chemistry. Furthermore, non-biocidal products are part of our product portfolio. To read the full interview, visit http://www.worldofchemicals.com/chemicaltoday/digitalissue.html

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

CORROSION INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRY

DURABLE CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY PROFESSOR A S KHANNA

orrosion of reinforced concrete structure with steel rebars is a matter of great concern. In RCC structure, reinforced steel bars undergo distress due to embedded steel bars. Though, initially when steel bars are reinforced, steel does not corrode as the concrete aggregates which consists of oxides of calcium, has alkaline condition (pH between 10-12.5). In this pH range, the steel forms a passive layer and hence does not corrode. However, as the time passes moisture (from rain or high humid conditions) and pollutants such as chlorides (from coastal environment), carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide (urban environment), penetrate through the concrete cover, reach concrete/steel interface, reduce pH below 10, it leads to the initiation of corrosion process. Corrosion results in the formation of voluminous corrosion products (hydro-oxides, carbonates or sulphates) leading to stress generation and thereby causing distress, initially in the form of a pin holes, followed by small cracks and finally to the spallation of plaster, exposing the rebars.

Thus, for enhancing the durability of a concrete structure we need to design a concrete structure with following properties:

What is then the strategy of making distress free RCC structure which can give long durable life?

3. Create a very strong natural obstruction on steel surface so that the pollutants are not able to react with steel and form voluminous corrosion products.

The schematic of a reinforced concrete structure can be shown as in Figure 1, below:

1. Create a suitable barrier protection at concrete cover so that the pollutants from environment cannot enter the concrete cover. 2. Delay the diffusion or transportation of moisture and pollutants through concrete cover.

Step 1

(Fig. 1)

As far as the first step is concerned it is simplest and requires a corrosion resistant coating on the concrete surface which can resist the aggressive environment (moisture, chlorides, carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide) to stay on the concrete cover or even allow it to penetrate through the concrete cover. These are usually modified epoxy coatings, for example with MIO, with a top coat of acrylic polyurethane coatings of the choice of any desired colour.

Step 2 requires two things: (a) Best concrete cover designing such as a concrete of density M60 or more. Higher density helps in two ways: (Fig. 2)

(i) it helps in delaying the diffusion of pollutants and (ii) a dense concrete will take a much higher stresses from the high volumes of corrosion products formed at concrete-steel interface and hence delay in initiation of initial pin

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

holes, followed by micro-crack formation, leading to main crack and spallation. (b) Further modification of concrete cover can be done by (i) taking a mixed size of aggregates; (ii) adding concrete straighteners such as silica fumes and (iii) the most important, adding inhibitors to the concrete admixture. The latter helps in delaying the diffusion of moisture and pollutants by acting as obstacles and thus delaying the process as discussed in (a).

Fig. 3 [1].

However, the main factor responsible for increasing the durability of concrete structure is the activity at point “B”. There are several technologies which Reinforced concrete structures are made and the most common ones are : 1. Use of TMT or CRS bars. 2. Use of Coatings, especially Fusion Bond Epoxy coating which is well known today for many important structures such as Bandra Sea-link, the most latest one and many flyovers in coastal towns in India. 3. Stainless steel Rebars Fig. 2 shows how an inadequate concentration of alloying elements helps initially to lower corrosion but enhances corrosion at a later date (lower curve) and where the concrete is already having some chlorides, there is no effect at all (upper curve) Fusion Bond Epoxy provides, perhaps one of the best coated rebar with all excellent properties required for a concrete structure but it cannot provide long durable life of even 50 years or more, as coatings have usually design life of 30 years. More over handling of FBE coated bars is a big challenge. Thus in order FBE coated bar be used for RCC structures, it must be assured a complete checking of damage to FBE coating before pouring concrete. Use of Zinc based galvanised rebars can be other choice. This is a technology very well practiced in USA, Australia and has given distress free structure for more than 50m years. The main advantages of Galvanized rebars is that it gives a coating which in addition to barrier properties also provides cathodic protection to steel bars. Handling is not a problem and bond strength is excellent. The biggest challenge today in the country to use Galvanized rebars is its availability and vendors who can coat long rebars in large quantities. Today galvanized rebars are almost matching the cost of fusion bond epoxy coated bars. Stainless steel is perhaps, the most acceptable corrosion resistance material which remains un-attacked even in a highly polluted environment. This mainly protects the RCC structure at point “B” as shown in Figure 1 above, due to the formation of a strong chromia based passive layer. The main requirement of stainless steel to be used for rebars in RCC structures is therefore a suitable composition which can form a strong passive layer. This can happen by adding about 11.5 percent of chromium in steel as usually seen by several ferritic stainless steels ( 400 series Stainless steels). In the same way there are austenitic and Duplex stainless steels which are formed by a combination of Cr & Ni and Cr, Ni & Mo. The passive layer in latter cases is even more stronger and hence these stainless steels are very costly. Thus a cost effective solution for stainless steel rebar is a ferritic stainless steels with a minimum 11.5 percent of Cr and which passes Fe500D specifications that is it must have a yield strength of above 500. A detailed study, carried out in our lab on a ferritic steel with 11.5 percent of Cr, shows that the passive layer on the stainless steel remains stable even after exposing to 3 percent NaCl solution Fig. 3 [1]. Reference 1 . A.S.Khanna, Stainless Steel- an ultimate choice for reinforced bar in concrete structure, Proc. American Concrete Soc., Bombay, 2003.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Table 1 Fig. 3 Corrosion of Ferritic Steel ( 11.5 percent Cr) in various concentrations of Chlorides. It is confirming that that even with 3 percent of Chlorides which is 3000 ppm the 11.5 percent Cr SS is still showing passivity, confirming its long life [1]. Such a high levels of chlorides, reaching at concrete- steel interface may take very long time, close to hundred years if a design strategy as shown above in Fig. 1 is strictly followed with a confirmation of following best concreting practices. Thus as per the latest Indian Standard IS 16651:2017 for stainless steels, following stainless steels are listed as given in table 1: Table 1 List of the recommended stainless for rebar as per Indian Standard IS 16651:2017 Thus AISI type 410L is a good choice based upon the chemical composition and cost effective ness. A detailed analysis on cost effectiveness is given in the enclosed paper.

Conclusions There is large choice for making durable concrete structures with proper choice and selection of reinforcement steel. In a polluted environment in India especially in C3 and C4 environment, use of TMT and CRS is very risky. With the kind of concreting practices and post maintenance strategies, TMT and CRS bars cannot give a distress free life of more than 10-15 years and after which there is problem of repair and maintenance. Hence alternative protected materials such as Fusin Bond Epoxy coated and Hot Dip Galvanized bars would be of better choice. FBEC coated technology is a great technology provided one can take care of handling problems and quality inspect bars before pouring concrete. Using modifications as suggested in Fig. 1 above, still one cannot use FBEC for a durability of more than 50 years. HDG rebars is a still better choice with almost same cost with a durability of 60-100 years. However, for a distress free, and maintenance free structure of more than 100 years, the cost effective solution is Ferritic Stainless steel reabrs. Also for a structural life of more than 150-300 years in C4 and C5 environment, higher grade stainless steels such as Duplex stainless steels are the best solution. Author: Professor A S Khanna is from the Department of Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay.

CORROSION SPEAKER’S FORUM he Corrosion Technology Forum 2018 - Domain of Corrosion which will be held on 07th & 08th June, will have some of most experienced and brightest minds in the field of anticorrosion technology. Before the real action begins, here is a sneakpeek into the galore of knowledge that the speakers will coat through the two day conference next month… So book you dates to get enlightened on anticorrosion technologies by the best in the industry … Compiled by Debarati Das

aintenance is a part of corrosion management which cannot be eliminated but can be minimized by using better corrosion control technologies. Almost all three technologies viz., protection by coatings, use of cathodic protection and use of chemical inhibitors are being used in chemical industry. Latest technology and use of corrosion technology in combination can minimize maintenance expenditures. Advanced functional coatings, self-healing coatings, coatings based on nano-technology are best bet for strong corrosion protection. Industry 4.0 also has a major role to play in this segment with continuous increase in robotics and online monitoring of corrosion in many industrial applications. Specialized coatings such as thermal spray, laser based coatings are usually done using robots which eliminates the chances of irregularities in coatings and keeps the basic parameters of coating same. With Industry 4.0, any flaw, leakage or coating failure can be checked immediately.

Professor A S Khanna Fellow NACE, Fellow ASM, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science IIT Bombay and Chairman SSPC India.

he corrosion control in Oil & Gas and Chemical Industry is often a very challenging activity. According to general published information, the total annual cost of corrosion in the oil and gas production industry is estimated to be $1.372 billion, broken down into $589 million in surface pipeline and facility costs, $463 million annually in downhole tubing expenses, and another $320 million in capital expenditures related to corrosion. It is widely recognized in industry that effective management of corrosion will contribute towards achieving the following benefits: • Statutory or Corporate compliance with Safety, Health and Environmental policies • Reduction in leaks and Increased plant availability • Reduction in unplanned maintenance and deferment costs The presentation will cover the following corrosion control aspects and approach: • Appropriate material selection during design stage. • External and internal corrosion by protective coatings, linings, corrosion inhibitors and cathodic protection for buried and immersed pipelines, piping and equipment during construction and asset maintenance.

MR. VENKATESWARASWAMY GOMATHAM Senior Materials & Corrosion Engineer – TA2, Shell Technology India Pvt Ltd.

orrosion is ubiquitous in oil and gas industry affecting assets and their integrity during operations. The current processes function in feedback system where industry typically responds to corrosion once it has happened. Advanced understanding in corrosion science can enable to have pre-emptive action to not only avoid but better manage the processing conditions. For instance, the corrosion refining process is dominated by naphthenic acid and sulfides present in the oil that concentrate into various process streams. While Total Acid Number (TAN) represents corrosion potential of crudes, understanding the corrosion causing molecules can better prepare the plant while purchasing crudes, blending and processing at various stages. DR. KAMALAKANTA ROUTRAY Sr. Research Scientist (Refining R&D), Reliance R&D Centre Reliance Industries

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

y discussion will focus on “Innovation agenda @ Dow and innovation in coatings portfolio”. Dow, a 120 years old chemical company, has diversified business areas including packaging, Industrial intermediates & infrastructure, and performance materials & coating. The initial part of the talk will emphasize on how Dow is working on the innovation agenda through corporate venturing and how can we create value for the customers through the innovations. The presentation will subsequently discuss innovation on coating applications such as: • waterborne acrylics for wood protection • a new technology for metal coatings • synthetic binder for waterborne latex paint • evolution of hiding technology, and • traffic coatings. DR. C. S. KARTHIKEYAN Dy General Manager - Corporate Venturing, Dow Chemical International Pvt. Ltd.

he talk will delve into the future of anticorrosive coatings. Conventional anticorrosive CED coatings being used by OEMs have been upgraded to low bake CED, lead free CED, nano PT compatible tin free CED, high throw power CED coatings, but in future these CED coatings will be replaced with next Gen Weather Durable CED coatings to have high weatherability without sacrificing anti corrosive performance.

Indian OEMs have implemented coatings to reduce VOC’s, CO2, regulated substances and planning to deploy energy efficient coatings with short & compact production processes eliminating number paint coats & reducing thickness of the coatings to improve the overall productivity and achieve next gen challenges like light weight EVs, highest fuel efficiency, higher durability, scratch & mar resistance, etc. Integrated Body & Bumper painting systems are being developed for OEMs to have common baking oven to save fuel energy & cost. MR. PRAVIN BAGALE Manager - Technical in R&D Kansai Nerolac Paints Ltd

oatings have played a role in everyday life for thousands of years. Today, virtually every structure and nearly every manufactured product use paints and coatings to maintain their appearance, functionality, and longevity. The functional aspects of paints and coatings have increased over decades - right from protection, aesthetics, special properties, durability to sustainability. The increasing need to meet high compliance standard, demand for sustainable and eco-friendly coating will continue to stimulate growth in the global market. Paint manufacturers are increasingly seeking ways to reduce the VOC content of products in the solvent-based coatings. These trends have led to increases in raw material prices which include resins, additives and pigments. The focus of R&D is to consistently look at alternatives which are not only eco-friendly but also meet the price expectations of the market. The presentation will delve into the developing trends which will bring a set of drivers and challenges for the industry and discuss its impact on market, products and processes of paints and coating industry. MR. B RAMAKRISHNAN Ex-Managing Director, Akzo Nobel (High Performance Coatings)

ne of the solutions to combat corrosion is hydrogen induced resistant steel for Oil and Gas pipelines. Line pipe steels used for transporting crude oil, are required to posses “sour-resistance” against hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and stress corrosion crack (SCC) resistance. Both HIC and SCC depends on manganese sulphide (MnS) inclusion and hard second phase particles of steel. Research has been focused to control morphology and distribution of MnS and also to reduce sulphur to <0.002 wt%. However, reducing S to <0.002 wt% is a very difficult task in industrial level. To explore other possibility of improving HIC and SSC performance, new API steel was developed at SAIL with addition of Cu. The Cu has been immensely beneficial by increasing the corrosion resistance of the steel by altering the surface film and restricts the hydrogen diffusion thereby improving HIC and SSC resistance.

DR. P. SARAVANAN Senior Manager, Materials Technology & Corrosion Engg. Group, R&D Center for Iron and Steel, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).

orrosion in power plants is the major cause of premature metal failure as well as deposit of corrosion products reduces both heat transfer & flow rate. It mainly happens because of water characteristics and metallurgy of the system. The foremost reasons for corrosion are moisture and other corroding agents present in the surrounding atmosphere. Corrosion issues in power plants stretches maintenance, material losses, increases operating costs, reduces efficiency, critical downtimes and poses safety risks to workers. To optimize power-generating equipment, corrosion prevention is vital. Industry experts recommend corrosion prevention in the form of preventive and control strategies, such as regular inspections, the use of protective coatings and suitable corrosion inhibitors. Some of the topics that will be addressed for corrosion protection technologies in Power Plants are - Mechanism of corrosion; Classification of corrosion; Factors influencing the corrosion; Importance of corrosion protection; and Corrosion prevention methodologies in power plant. MR. S.A. DOSS General Manager Protech Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

GREEN CHEMISTRY Plastic fantastic – researchers turn plastic pollution into cleaners

cientists at the University of Bristol have discovered a way to re-use a common plastic to break down harmful dyes in our waste water. The paper published in ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces by a joint UK and Brazilian research team describes how synthetic dyes, used in the clothing industry world-wide, could be treated by the plastic found in packaging and cutlery – polystyrene. A smart new material is produced from polystyrene by the novel method of freezing and expanding to a state where it can support nanoparticles. In a solid state it can then be used to remove harmful synthetic dyes, which are known to be carcinogenic and act as chronic reproductive toxins to humans and animals. University of Bristol, school of chemistry, professor Julian Eastoe worked on the project with professor Rodrigo J de Oliveira from Paraiba State University, Brazil. Professor Eastoe commented: “With the recently released BBC series ‘Blue Planet

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

II’ highlighting the scale of plastic debris (so-called “white pollution”) in the oceans, developing processes to breakdown, recycle or re-use waste plastics is of critical importance. “This research suggests a promising approach to turn some of the vast amounts of plastic white pollution into a resource for tackling environmental damage elsewhere in the form of water materials for treatment. “There is a wide range of toxic and hazardous substances, including synthetic dyes, which are continuously being released into industrial wastewaters, mostly due to lack of effective treatment methods. Recent studies have demonstrated that these pollutant dyes are responsible for serious damage to aquatic ecological systems: the development of methods of removing these compounds from industrial effluents is becoming increasingly important. “Our study both looks at the reuse of plastic to make a new material and the use of this material to tackle water pollution from dyes. This breakthrough will be of interest

to water companies worldwide and the next stage will be to see how it might clean-up other pollutants.” Contaminants, such as dyes, can be broken down by active oxidation processes (AOP), which often involve a heterogeneous (solid-state) photocatalyst in order to turn pollutants into less harmful end products, such as water and carbon dioxide. In this new study waste plastic (poly(styrene)) is re-used to form a porous solid, by freezing it in a solution with cyclohexane as solvent (freezing point +6°C). Once the solvent is removed, an expanded solid plastic poly(styrene) foam is left behind. This high-surface area support material can then be coated with photocatalytic nanoparticles, creating a solid-state photocatalyst that can be introduced into contaminated waste water samples to break down dyes such as Rhodamine B. This dye is banned in food production but is widely used in sewage treatment plants to detect leaks.

New study to change future air research

y being the first to fully track the changing chemistry of carbon molecules in the air, a Virginia Tech professor could change the way we study pollutants, smog, and emissions to the atmosphere. Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, lead scientist on a new study published in Nature Chemistry and assistant professor in the Charles Edward Via Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, has established a method of tracking reactions between air and carbon-based compounds — a feat that has been previously elusive to researchers. This new finding could allow researchers to study pollution, smog, and haze in a comprehensive way, backed by data that accurately depicts a compound’s behavior over time. “There are tens of thousands of different compounds in the atmosphere,” IsaacmanVanWertz said. “In general, the focus of my work is to study the chemistry of how those tens of thousands of compounds interact with each other and change with time.” When a certain compound is introduced into the atmosphere, it chemically reacts to form other compounds and molecules over time, explains Isaacman-VanWertz, who began this research as a post-doctoral research fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with study coauthor Jesse Kroll.

Isaacman-VanWertz and his collaborators at MIT used five spectrometers — advanced pieces of equipment that classify chemicals by their masses and the atoms they contain — to measure the characteristics of carbon inside a Teflon bag the height of a person in a climate-controlled, blacklight-outfitted room. When they turned on the blacklights, it was like turning on the sun, IsaacmanVanWertz said. The light of the “sun” spurred the chemistry of the pinene inside the chamber and simulated the reactions that would occur in the atmosphere. Each spectrometer was tasked with collecting a certain set of data throughout the elapsed reaction, like tracking specific ranges of chemical compounds. One of the hardest parts of this experiment was putting all of these measurements on the same scale, Isaacman-VanWertz said. Understanding the specific details and measurements of each instrument can be so complex, he said, there are doctoral students writing entire thess on these topics. Isaacman-VanWertz and his collaborators were able to, for the first time, fully track the carbon in the pinene molecules from start to finish as they underwent chemical

changes as they would in the atmosphere. Although the initial mixture of compounds formed from reactions of pinene is very complex, all the carbon was found to end up in “reservoirs” that are relatively stable and won’t react further in the atmosphere. What’s more, the process is likely similar for other carbon-based compounds. Isaacman-VanWertz picked pinene because it has been extensively studied, so he could use previous work to make sense of his observations. The results will help other researchers understand how pollutants from a power plant might transform in the atmosphere and impact a downwind community. “If you can understand how the chemistry happens, then you can understand what sorts of pollutants will be in the atmosphere based on how far from a polluting source you are,” Isaacman-VanWertz explained. Isaacman-VanWertz hopes other researchers will build upon the results of this study. He wants to know whether the tendency of emitted compounds to end up as long-lived atmospheric components is generally applicable to other compounds and how this process might coexist or compete with other processes occurring in the atmosphere.

Isaacman-VanWertz is particularly focused on studying the way the atmosphere interacts with organic compounds — the carbon-containing compounds that make up all living things. Large amounts of these compounds are emitted from natural sources and human activities. Anything with a scent emits organic compounds: citrus, vinegar, nail polish remover, and gasoline, for example. Once these emitted compounds enter the atmosphere, they change in complex ways to form hundreds or thousands of other compounds. Previously, tracking the way the carbon changes once it enters the atmosphere has been a challenge. Thanks to tools developed in the past decade, this study found that complete measurement of carbon in the atmosphere is now possible, though it still requires state-of-the-art instruments and careful analysis. For this project, Isaacman-VanWertz studied the smell of pine, which is made of an organic compound known as pinene.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

GREEN CHEMISTRY Engineers pioneer greener, cheaper technique for biofuel production

NUS engineers have found that a natural bacterium isolated from mushroom crop residue can contribute to greener and cheaper biofuel production.

atural bacterium isolated from mushroom crop residue converts plant-based material to butanol directly.

of renewable biofuels and chemicals,” Jianzhong explained.

A team of engineers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) recently discovered that a naturally occurring bacterium, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum TG57, isolated from waste generated after harvesting mushrooms, is capable of directly converting cellulose, a plant-based material, to biobutanol.

Traditional biofuels are produced from food crops. This approach is highly costly and competes with food production in the use of land, water, energy and other environmental resources.

Biobutanol – An attractive biofuel

A research team led by associate professor He Jianzhong from the department of civil and environmental engineering at NUS faculty of engineering first discovered the novel TG57 strain in 2015. They went on to culture the strain to examine its properties.

Biofuels produced from unprocessed cellulosic materials such as plant biomass, as well as agriculture, horticultural and organic waste, are expected to meet growing energy demands without increasing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the burning of fossil fuels. These cellulosic materials are in great abundance, environmentally friendly, and economically sustainable.

“The production of biofuels using nonfood feedstocks can improve sustainability and reduce costs greatly. In our study, we demonstrated a novel method of directly converting cellulose to biobutanol using the novel TG57 strain. This is a major breakthrough in metabolic engineering and exhibits a foundational milestone in sustainable and cost-effective production

Among various types of biofuels, biobutanol offers a great promise as petrol substitute because of its high energy density and superior properties. It can directly replace gasoline in car engines without any modification. However, commercial production of biobutanol has been hampered by the lack of potent microbes capable of converting cellulosic biomass

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

into biofuels. The current technique is costly and also requires complicated chemical pre-treatment. Producing biofuel the green way The novel technique developed by the NUS team could potentially be a gamechanging technology for cost effective and sustainable biofuel production. Spent mushroom compost – typically composed of wheat straw and saw dust – is the residual compost waste generated by mushroom farming. The microorganisms in the waste are left to evolve naturally for more than two years to obtain the unique TG57 strain. The fermentation process is simple, and no complicated pre-treatment or genetic modification of the microorganisms is required. When cellulose is added, the bacterium simply digests it to produce butanol as the main product. Moving forward, the research team will continue to optimise the performance of the TG57 strain, and further engineer it to enhance biobutanol ratio and yield using molecular genetic tools.

‘Green’ Catalysis Technique to Boost Pharma Manufacturing Efficiency

bout 70 percent of pharmaceuticals are manufactured using palladiumdriven catalytic processes that are either fast or efficient – but not both. Researchers at North Carolina State University have now developed a green chemistry method that combines aspects of both processes to improve efficiency at a minimal cost of processing time.

Diagram of the microsphere-packed, tubular reactor used in the new “pseudo-homogeneous” catalysis technique.

Specifically, these palladium-driven catalytic reactions are used to connect carbons in small, organic molecules to create larger molecules for use in pharmaceuticals and other applications. Traditionally, there have been two ways to do this. In homogeneous processes, palladium is dissolved in solution, allowing maximum exposure to the organic molecules, or reagents. This makes the process very fast, but results in a lot of palladium either being wasted (because it gets thrown out after target molecules are harvested) or being recovered at high cost (because the recovery process is expensive). In heterogeneous processes, palladium is fixed to a hard substrate in a pack-bed reactor, and the reagents are run through the reactor. This takes much longer, but little or no palladium is wasted. “We’ve created and tested a new process called pseudo-homogeneous catalysis, which combines the best of both worlds: it is nearly as fast as homogeneous catalysis, while it preserves virtually all of the palladium,” said Milad Abolhasani, an assistant professor of chemical engineering at NC State and corresponding author of a paper on the work. The new technique relies on novel, elastic silicone-chemistry based microspheres developed by the research team using microfluidics. “We used a microfluidic strategy to make elastomeric microspheres with a narrow size distribution to make them ‘loadable’ into a tubular reactor without clogging,” Abolhasani said. “That was essential, because conventional batch scale polymerization techniques result in elastomeric microspheres with a large size distribution that would clog the reactor when loaded.” Each silicone microsphere is loaded with palladium. Reagents then pass through the microsphere and interact with the

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Tubular reactor containing microspheres (top); close-up of the microspheres (bottom)

palladium. The resulting pharmaceutical target molecules leave the microsphere again – but the palladium remains trapped in the microsphere. “The flexible spheres allow the palladium catalyst to ‘settle’ inside the microreactor environment,” said Jan Genzer, the S. Frank and Doris Culberson distinguished professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at NC State and a co-author of the paper. “The flexibility of the silicone sphere allows the palladium catalyst to adopt very many configurations during the reaction – as is the case in homogeneous processes. The palladium catalyst is retained for further use – as is the case in heterogeneous processes.” “In proof-of-concept testing, our process was much faster than any heterogeneous techniques, but still marginally slower than conventional homogeneous processes,” Abolhasani said. “We’re currently working on optimizing the properties of our elastic microspheres to improve the reaction yield.”

One other advantage of the pseudohomogeneous technique is that it makes use of nontoxic solvents ie, water and ethanol. Conventional homogeneous techniques use typically organic solvents, such as toluene, which are not environmentally benign. “It is important to demonstrate that green chemistry approaches can be used to make a process that is, in all, more efficient than existing techniques,” Abolhasani said. “You do not have to trade safety for costeffectiveness.” The paper, “Microfluidic Synthesis of Elastomeric Microparticles: A Case Study in Catalysis of Palladium-Mediated CrossCoupling,” is published in the AIChE Journal. The paper was co-authored by Jeffrey Bennet, a PhD student in Abolhasani’s lab; Andrew Kristof, an undergraduate at NC State; Vishal Vasudevan, a visiting undergraduate at NC State; and Jiri Srogl, an adjunct associate professor in NC State’s department of chemical and biomolecular engineering.

GREEN CHEMISTRY Pausing evolution makes bioproduction of chemicals affordable, efficient

ircumventing evolution in cell factories can pave the way for commercializing new biobased chemicals to large-scale.

Bioproduction of chemicals using engineered microorganisms is routinely reported, but only few bioprocesses are functional in the large fermentation volumes that industry requires. For a longer period, the lack of successful scale-up has been one of the most important challenges for engineers to solve, in order to replace oilderived production with biobased production of chemicals. “One central issue is that bioproduction in large-scale fermenters is limited by toxicities and stresses that allow evolution to reduce or eliminate production of chemicals by engineered cells. This makes it expensive and challenging to commercialize biobased production systems in particular when large amounts of chemicals are needed,” said Morten Sommer, professor and scientific director of the bacterial synthetic biology section at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark. A new study made by scientists from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, just published in PNAS, suggested that cells can be engineered to overcome this evolutionary pressure and stably produce high levels of valuable chemicals. The key is to rewire production cells to only grow when they contain high product concentration. Thus, the evolution can be circumvented and cells will be able to produce the biochemicals within an industrial time scale. “When we rewire the production microorganism to slow down growth in case it loses production, we efficiently prevent it from performing evolution on the genes leading to production. This allows us to maintain productive cells even when the cells divide to fill up large fermentation tanks,” said Peter Rugbjerg, Postdoc at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Stops costly evolution Evolution is beneficial for the cell. However, what is good for the cell may not be good for a biobased process in a fermentation tank. In a fermentation tank evolution can eliminate production – especially during large scale fermentations.The underlying idea with the new study is to circumvent the evolution occurring in production cells by using a so-called molecular biosensor that senses the product, mevalonate, inside the production cells. The biosensor has the ability to shut down growth if the production concentration declines below a certain point. This concept is demonstrated by the scientists and can help in driving the development towards a more sustainable society. At this point, microorganisms do not naturally produce high amounts of valuable chemicals, which demands the use of many R&D resources. An expensive process that delays the launch of new biobased processes. “Engineered, high-level bioproduction of chemicals is not attractive for the cell that tends to grow slower and explore ways to evolve and stop production. This makes it difficult to bridge the gap between research conducted in lab shake flasks and industrial need for large cubic-meter quantities,” emphasized Rugbjerg. Biomanufacturing becomes a viable alternative If the findings from the study are broadened out to more production cases, a major obstacle for investing in biobased production is removed. The group at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability currently collaborates with biotech companies to investigate and solve the impact of the evolution in current fermentation tanks. “The biotech industry clearly indicate that they see a great potential in solving this problem. This study can be a step towards more efficient and affordable large-scale biomanufacturing to the benefit of society,” said Sommer.

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SECTOR VIEW FLAVOURS INDUSTRY

HEALTHY SNACKING

f you have been counting calories while eating your favourite snack, then stop, â&#x20AC;&#x2122;cause the food industry is making your snacking experience deliciously healthy!!

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

BY DEBARATI DAS

et’s begin with a quiz. What tops the list of being lipsmackingly delicious but finds itself at the bottom of health parameters?

A snack !! A food entity which is equally loved by all age categories but is finding itself at the fringes of discretion by healthconscious buyers. Health and snacks do not usually fit in a same sentence and the increased awareness on health and healthy living is further driving snack items off the bucket list of many buyers as people are looking for natural, healthy, authentic, no-fried, no added sugar, no fat snacking options to fill their palate. However, does snack always have to be synonymous to unhealthy? One of the biggest segment in the food category is under immense pressure from consumers’ shift in buying parameters. And the food industry is taking this as an opportunity to change buyers’ perception about snacks and savouries by changing the composition of these lip-smacking food items. According to studies, snacks (of various kinds) account for almost half of a person’s daily calories, which makes this food segment very hard to dismiss.

Changing perception Healthy living is no longer a choice but has become an existential reality of today. With this, the food that is consumed is being scrutinized for its nutritional value, labels are being assessed and calories are being counted before a snack food packet finds its place in the food cart. Major food companies are now investing in making snacking experience healthier while building brand loyalty and repeat business. Some of the unique trends in the industry which is trying to establish a healthy perception and rejuvenated addiction for snack items. Authenticity in every bite: Clearly, the first and the foremost customer demand today is to have natural and healthy ingredients, flavours and fragrances; eliminating the ‘artificial’ from the food system. More and more companies are coming up with products with the goodness of nature to make snacks a healthy. Health in comfort food: Nothing can beat a ready to fix food packet which is also your comfort food for a stressful, busy day. Most food companies are counting your calories for you while you open a simple packet of noodles or soups. Loaded with fresh vegetables and spices, companies are focusing on healthy alternatives to bring in the same creaminess and crunchiness in your comfort food without upsetting the calorie meter. The Kraft Heinz Company recently launched a new line of refrigerated soups and savoury- O, That’s Good!, with a nutritious twist on comfort foods. The refrigerated brand uses real ingredients and no artificial flavours or dyes while replacing calorie laden ingredients with healthier options, for example, mashed potatoes replaced with mashed cauliflower and cheese replaced with butternut squash. “Refrigerated products are on the rise and we saw an opportunity to drive excitement in this section of the store with convenient soups and sides made with real

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

SECTOR VIEW FLAVOURS INDUSTRY ingredients and easy preparation,” said Nina Barton, SVP of marketing, innovation and research & development for the US business, Kraft Heinz. Similarly, McCormick extended its product line with 40 new products with simple and flavourful seasonings, flavoured broths, noodles etc. “People continue to look for simple ways to eat wholesome meals at home that taste amazing,” said Jill Pratt, vice president and general manager of US Core and Specialty McCormick Brands. “Our new products offer many options to make a flavourful breakfast, dinner or snack in minutes – whether it’s heating up a mug of rich turmeric and ginger bone broth for an afternoon pick-me-up, or combining Simply Asia soba noodles with your favourite veggies and broth to make an easy noodle bowl.” Deep fried, but not fried: The delight of deep fried delicacies cannot be substituted by anything else, but these snacks break all the parameters of healthy eating. However, food companies are trying to set the needle right. Sensient Flavors offers a deep-fried flavour that comes without the frying. This deep-fried flavour has been used in various products as beverages, dairy items and sweet products. “Our deep-fried flavour is versatile in its application reach as the flavour adds a bready, fatty and crisp profile of products mimicking the flavours associated with eating a lightly fried food,” said Joshua Jackson, beverage applications technologist at Sensient Flavors. “An example of its usage is, we blended our spice flavour and the deep-fried flavour to create a churro flavour, which resulted in mimicking the perfect flavour profile of a churro. This was used in a cake product, creating a true-to-taste churro cake, with no actual frying involved.” Healthy indulgence: On a day to day basis, we are all trying to cut out on junk and incorporate a healthy indulgence like munching on nuts or fruits etc. Food companies have picked up this indulgence by pairing snack items with healthy ingredients such as a nutrition

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

bar loaded with dry fruits, incorporating more dark chocolate, oats, flax seeds etc to cut down on the junk factor in snack items. “Items with a healthy indulgence angle appeal to consumers who are overly stressed, which certainly isn’t relegated to any specific age or socioeconomic profile,” said Lauren Williams, global director of marketing at Sensient Flavors and based in Hoffman Estates. Drinking to wellness: There was a time when canned fruit juices were considered healthier than soft drinks. But today these cans are equally under scrutiny for the amount of sugar, artificial colouring, flavouring agents, preservatives and other ingredients added to them. Beverage manufacturers are under pressure to pour in health in every drop with real fruits, vegetables and herbs instead of selling sugar-laden juices. McCormick & Co this year launched a “Morning Jumpstart” drink which has green apples, cucumbers, clementine and a hint of cayenne and an evening refreshment mocktail with pineapple, ginger, turmeric and dandelion greens. On the other hand, flavours and fragrance giant, Firmenich, introduced its Protein Shield Flavours, which is a line of beverage products with high protein content. While high-protein beverages provide essential nutrients, the bitter and astringent taste of protein is rarely appealing to consumers. Firmenich’s Protein Shield Flavors combine key tonalities with the company’s TasteGEM® technology, which mask the impact that protein can have on taste buds. They have been specifically developed to address the intrinsic bitterness, astringency and dry mouthfeel of a number of proteins, while also enhancing the overall flavour profile. “These natural solutions confirm Firmenich’s deep commitment to advancing health and wellness. By making healthy taste delicious we aim to make the healthy choice easier for consumers,” said Chris Millington, president of flavors, Firmenich. The flavours and fragrance industry understands the dire need for healthier alternatives in one of the biggest food segment making healthy snack a definite reality.

CORROSION TECHNOLOGY FORUM 2018

SPEAKERS

7TH, 8TH JUNE, SHERATON GRAND, BANGALORE

PROF. ANAND S. KHANNA

DR. KAMALAKANTA ROUTRAY

Prof IIT Mumbai Chairman SSPC India

Reliance Industries Ltd.

Prof IIT Mumbai

DR. CHEDARAMPET KARTHIKEYAN

Sr. Research Scientist (Refining R&D)

Dow Corporate Venturing

Dow Chemical International Pvt. Ltd.

MR. PRAVIN BAGALE

MR. NILOTPOL KAR

MS. MRUNAL VAIDYA

Sr. Manager - Technical in R&D

Business Director-Construction Chemicals, South Asia

Market Development Manager

Kansai Nerolac Paints Ltd.

MR. B. RAMAKRISHNAN Ex-Managing Director

AkzoNobel ( High Performance Coatings )

MR. ALI MORSHED (PhD &CEng.) Corrosion Management Consultant

Covestro India Pvt. Ltd.

BASF

MR. VENKATESWARASWAMY GOMATHAM

Executive Director & CEO

MR. R V SRIDHAR

Senior Materials & Corrosion Engineer â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TA2

Essar Steel India ltd. ( Pune Facility )

Shell Project Technology

DR. P. SARAVANAN Senior Manager, Materials Technology & Corrosion Engg. Group, R&D Center for Iron and Steel,

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)

www.worldofchemicals.com

MR. S.A. DOSS General Manager

Protech Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd.

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS MIDDLE EAST

SHORT-TERM CHALLENGES PREVAIL,

LONG-TERM OUTLOOK REMAINS POSITIVE

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

BY MAHESH HEGDE

he chemical sector in the Middle East is likely to perceive stability, amid robust demand for construction chemicals. Spearheading the competition among the firms is Dow Chemical Company that accomplished its merger with DuPont in 2017. The combined entity currently operates as a holding company, called DowDuPont, which leverages its highcaliber materials science division to boost sales of construction chemicals. Demand for methyl cellulosics is a primary growth determinant of the construction chemicals industry in the Middle East.

To Witness a Dampening Effect According to the Gulf Cooperation Council, over 70 percent of the petrochemical industries in the Middle East use natural gas as a raw material. The prevailing low oil prices in the region have induced a spike in gas prices in UAE, Bahrain, Oman and Saudi Arabia. Surging gas prices, combined with declining oil prices in the region, can have a possible dampening effect on chemical industries in the region. Leading chemical giants in the region are now focusing on reducing the natural gas utilization in petrochemicals. SABIC and Saudi Aramco have recently launched a joint project, called crude oil to chemicals (COTC), for processing light & extra light crude oil. A new wave of investments is in the offing for petrochemical companies in the region. Saudi Arabia perceives to push the limits of its petrochemical supply chain beyond oil by banking on this project.

Product Diversification & Specialization to Remain Key Strategies The lucrative phase of surplus, highlyaffordable feedstocks, and paramount competitive advantage for chemical companies in the Middle East is drawing to a close. Recognizing the concern, chemical leaders in the region are gearing up to combat the challenges, with product diversification and specialization as key strategies to tap new markets and reduce dependence on the commodity production. Inclination toward naphtha feedstocks for huge projects such as Sadara, joint venture between Dow Chemical and Saudi Aramco, has enabled this diversification. At the 2017 GPCA conference, CEO of SABIC illustrated the requirement for transformative and swift change by emphasizing transformation to be the radical change needed for delivering a quantum leap in the performance of chemical industries. Chemical companies are expected to thrive in the upcoming years

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

by taking part in the portfolio management via M&A activities, in a bid to divest their non-core assets and streamline their operations. Through acquisition of the petrochemical businesses of DSM, SABIC successfully gained access to the European market, and to the US through acquisition of GE Plastics, in the past decade. SABIC’s current projects, that includes the joint venture with the US-based ExxonMobil further demonstrates its plans to expand in the global markets.

Focusing on Downstream Business Models Majority of the chemical companies in the Middle East have been making huge investments and focusing on their business model downstream across the value chain. For example, Saudi Aramco entered into a partnership with Dow in Sadara joint venture for investing nearly EUR 20 billion, in a bid to develop the region’s largest integrated chemicals complex. A fair amount of success has been witnessed with downstream activities through local production of fertilizers and standard plastics. Several companies are still operating under their old business models and massive plants with enormous investments and small workforces. These companies lag by leaps and bounds from achieving highmargin production, primarily influenced by absence of customer industries for integrating into the supply chains of the Middle East chemical sector.

Iran’s Preeminence Growing Iran stands out from other Middle Eastern countries, with a thriving chemical industry, ranging from varnish & paint manufacturers to active pharmaceutical ingredients producers. Years of sanctions on Iran have made the chemical companies in the country to lag in terms of technology and investment. However, Iran boasts to have an array of distinct and significant cultural factors, which include a pool of high caliber engineers and a mature university structure. Chemical industry experts in Iran have a relatively greater expertise on the way supply chain works in the chemical sector. All these factors point at the emergence of a more differentiated chemical landscape in Iran compared to other Middle Eastern nations. According to leaders in the Middle East chemical sector, there is greater possibility of private equity investments from Russia, Europe, and China in Iran’s chemical industry. Iran is expected to become a lucrative market, which would offer higher

growth opportunities post-completion of embargo compared to other markets in the region. With the availability of welltrained and quality workforce, Iran is now considered to be a remunerative option for SMEs that are inactive in the US market and devoid of bank financing.

Initiatives Dedicated toward Economic Expansion to Create Opportunities In the throes of fundamental economic restructuring, declined oil prices have led Middle Eastern countries to emphasize more on diversifying their economies, and reducing the dependence on fossil fuels. This, in fact, has provided an impetus to the far-reaching program, Saudi Vision 2030, which aims at increasing non-oil exports of Saudi Arabia, contributing to over half share of the nation’s GDP. Such initiatives being taken by governments in the Middle East will encourage higher local production of business and consumer goods for both export and domestic markets. Chemical companies in the region are focusing on formulating strategies to take part in these initiatives. Facilitating and supporting the localization and diversification aspirations are expected to remain key efforts among these companies. With the success of Middle East downstream integration, emergence of newer supply chain and manufacturing concepts is being witnessed. A prime example of this starlike asset network configurations that blends manufacturing hub for intermediate chemicals and raw materials for leveraging economies of scale having advanced production facilities. In order to resolve complexities that result in time and cost overruns in chemical industry projects, leading companies in the Middle East, such as ABB Group, are focusing on employing a collaborative approach. By combining intelligent infrastructure & services, applications, and engineering, these companies covet curtailing risk, and minimizing costs. Digital technologies, driving innovation and opportunities, have potential to improve yield and enhance safety of chemical industries, provided with protection against cyber security threats. Overall the Middle East chemical sector is likely to witness a steady stream of opportunities, as the focus shifts to reducing the dependence on oil exports. Innovative strategies being employed by prominent manufacturers, and favorable initiatives being taken by governments imply a promising future for the chemical industries in the region.

Author: Mahesh Hegde is Features Writer at Future Market Insights.

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS BRAZIL COATINGS MARKET

PAINTING

NEW POSSIBILITIES Antonio Carlos de Oliveira, Executive President of Associacao Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Tintas (ABRAFATI) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the Brazilian coatings manufacturers association; talks in depth about the huge potential that the country holds for the paints & coatings industry and the barriers that the industry has to rise above. 44

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

BY SHIVANI MODY Opportunities in Brazil coatings industry. Brazil’s coatings industry is one of the largest in the world, with an annual output in excess of 1.5 billion liters. Both multinational and Brazilian-owned producers operate in the country, making decorative paints, automotive OEM and refinish coatings, as well as coatings for the most varied of industries. The country went through a severe crisis between 2014 and 2016, but after a three-year period of negative results, the coatings industry resumed growth in 2017, albeit at the modest rate of 1.9 percent. We are expecting 2018 to be better than the previous year, despite being marked by instability and a certain degree of unpredictability. We expect sales to grow at an estimated rate of 3 percent or slightly higher. While that would be a better performance than last year’s, whether it materializes, in our view, will depend on how Brazil’s political and economic situation evolves going forward. Mid and long-term prospects are quite favorable, as Brazil is a vast market where there are countless opportunities in various segments. In addition to its pent-up demand stemming from the period during which sales were far below average, the country needs to make massive investments in infrastructure and housing projects over the next several years in order to meet its growth requirements and improve its people’s living conditions. Those projects require coatings, thereby boosting our industry. Statistically, there are more than 60 million households in Brazil that need to be either repainted periodically or, in many cases, get their first coat of paint ever because they have bare brick or plaster walls. One needs to keep in mind that Brazil’s per capita consumption of paints and coatings is still low compared to more developed markets—around 7.5 liters per capita per annum. This means there can be much more paint and coatings sold in the country.

R&D and innovation in Brazil’s coatings industry. Currently, coatings designed for all applications are manufactured in Brazil, with cutting-edge technology, and a degree of technical expertise comparable to the world’s most advanced production centers. That is the result of investments made directly by manufacturers, as well as the work they do in cooperation with suppliers of raw materials, which are always in search of new solutions for customer requirements. There are new products launched by the industry on an ongoing basis, driven by technological advancement and new demands from society. Generally speaking, the coatings produced and sold in Brazil keep up with the best you can find in the developed world from a technological, process and marketing standpoint. When it comes specifically to decorative paints, the Industry-Specific Quality Program for Decorative Paints, which has been in place for 15 years, has very much to do with the performance improvements these products have achieved over the course of this period, such as greater hiding power, durability, and ease of application. Coordinated by ABRAFATI, that program has been making a

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

decisive contribution to improving products and organizing the marketplace. I should also point out the key role played by the Congress and the Suppliers Exhibition organized by ABRAFATI (whose latest edition was ABRAFATI 2017, ie last year), which stand for giving a strong boost to innovation. The wide-ranging technical program and the latest developments put on display by major suppliers enable an extensive body of knowledge and novel solutions to be spread around and discussed, and the coatings supply chain becomes increasingly dynamic, strong, up-to-date, and sustainable as a result.

Business activities & international trade in emerging markets. Coatings exports and imports are of little significance in Brazil. They represent less than 5 percent of its total production. Decorative paints are exported to countries in Latin America, Africa and the Middle East, as are certain kinds of industrial coatings, a market in which the country is highly competitive. The market with the most room for expanding international trade is that for raw materials. Brazil still depends on imports to supply more than 50 percent of the coatings industry’s raw material requirements, for which local production either does not exist or, where it does, is not enough to meet the demand. In addition to trade, we see many opportunities for engaging in technical cooperation and exchanging experiences with other emerging markets, and with more developed ones as well. That is why we play an active role in the IPPIC (International Paint and Printing Ink Council) and LatinPin (Latin American Coatings Federation).

Challenges faced by the Coatings industry in Brazil. The main challenges facing the coatings supply chain—which at the same time represent major opportunities—are about the constant attention one needs to pay to the sustainability, quality and performance aspects of the industry, so as to anticipate future demands from users, as well as statutory and regulatory requirements. At the same time, investment is needed in training for professionals engaged in the coatings supply chain, including in retail and product application jobs. The path to overcoming those challenges is, in and of itself, another challenge: seeking further integration in the supply chain by stimulating collaborative processes and rolling out joint projects. Such efforts must be undertaken together with governmental authorities, focusing on fostering the country’s economic and social development through initiatives aimed, for example, at social interest housing, urban improvements, and infrastructure. In its recent review of its strategic orientation, ABRAFATI outlined the four guiding principles that underpin our activity, all of which are consistent with the need to tackle the aforementioned challenges: Advocate, Networker, Capability Developer and Content Facilitator.

REPORT BIOCIDES

WATER TREATMENT SECTOR TO BE BIGGEST DRIVER OF BIOCIDES MARKET

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

s per European legislation, a biocide is a microorganism or chemical substance meant to destroy, render harmless, deter or control a harmful organism through either biological or chemical means. Some types of biocides sold in the global biocides market include metallic compounds, halogen compounds, organic acids, organosulfur, phenolics and many others. Biocides are widely used in wood preservation, water treatment, personal care, food & beverages and the paint & coating industry. Biocides find application in the painting industry as an additive that prevents the paint from getting spoiled during lengthy storage periods and it also prevents algae and fungi from growing on the paint. The damage to any surface coated with paint or coating material caused by the microbial attack is always an area of great concern in the painting industry. Polymers help prevent degradation of sensorial and physical properties, both inside the material and on the surface. Silver based biocides are useful in consumer products because of their high thermal stability and environmental safety. Organosulfur biocides are used in oil refineries as they are less reactive than Hydrochloric acid (HCl) or a mixture of HCl and Hydrofluoric acid (HF). Yet the largest market share is still held by halogen compounds.

Factors influencing revenue growth The water treatment sector is likely to be a good consumer of biocides and it is anticipated to be the biggest driver of future growth as well. This is largely due to everrising demand for treated water for both industrial and municipal use from various end-use industries across the world. A rapidly growing population, especially in developing countries is expected to fuel further demand as clean water is essential and is becoming more difficult to access. An emphasis by governments in both developing and developed countries on clean water supply should expand the size of the global biocides market. Biocides provide nearly unparalleled benefits in water treatment, amongst many other sectors. Another key area predicted to show growth is the food & beverage industry.

Developed countries in North America and the European Union have extremely stringent safety norms that must be complied with. In addition, the Asia Pacific region has a growing food & beverage industry. Food preservatives have seen a rapid uptake in adoption worldwide as people wish to store food for longer periods of time. These factors should benefit the biocides market in the food & beverage industry. Greater focus on the environment and eco-friendly product emphasis is expected to be the third major driver of the global biocides market. Halogen compounds may be of use in this case as they are powerful bacterial growth control agents. Halogen compounds are cost-effective, efficient, can be used in a variety of applications and encounter relatively lower resistance. Biocides that comply with increasingly stricter environmental norms should find a ready market in the developed world and there are even eco-friendly biocides and organic acids now that are relatively easier to market in these regions.

Key regions North America is anticipated to be the largest region for biocides. This is owing to the presence of a large number of companies in the region â&#x20AC;&#x201C; specialising in nearly every industry including food and beverages, water purification and painting and coating, all of which are the largest consumers of biocides. The market to target for future growth is undoubtedly the Asia-Pacific region, led by China and closely followed by India. The main reasons for this are â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a large amount of investment being made in the water purification industry to cater to the vast populationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s demand for clean water, a painting industry that will grow in tandem with urbanisation and construction activities, and an eventual focus on environmentally friendly products. Europe is a largely mature market and is not anticipated to show much growth in the forecast period. Some of the key market players in the biocides market include Melzer Chemicals Pvt Ltd, The Dow Chemical Company, Baker Hughes Incorporated and AkzoNobel NV. Source: Future Market Insights

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

REPORT ENCAPSULATED FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES

COMPANIES ADOPTING DIFFERENT BUSINESS

STRATEGIES TO CAPTURE MARKET

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

ncapsulated Flavors and Fragrances Market size is expected to witness dynamic growth owning to increasing number of diseases including diabetes and obesity, which increases people consciousness towards their food and drinks. Growing textile industry is projected to drive encapsulated flavors and fragrances market owning to its usage for manufacturing of perfumed suits. The captured fragrances impart a fresh aroma to clothes which remain on them for a significant part of its lifetime. Rise in food industry with the changing consumer preferences will further fuel encapsulated flavors and fragrances market size. Extruded encapsulated flavors are used as ingredients in food industry for applications including rapid preparations of desserts, tea bags, cakes & biscuits, tea, coffee, confectionary and instant drinks. They are also used for incorporating active ingredients in tablets and cosmetic products by direct compression. Shifting trend towards natural, healthy and wholesome products is increasing but poor adulterant ingredients available in market is contaminating the products which is the major challenge for food industry. To overcome this challenge companies are moving towards trapping original product flavor by encapsulating it through different techniques. Further, addition of flavors in several types of food products like cookies, biscuits, cookies and ice-creams are preferred by the consumers nowadays. Hence, rising demand for original flavored products by customers is the key driver for the encapsulated flavors and fragrances market. With growing number of diseases which include diabetes and obesity, people are showing more awareness towards their food and drink habits. Owning to this there is an increased demand for fresh flavored food products. Flavor encapsulation offers physical barrier between environment and flavor to fulfill distinct functions including, protecting flavor from oxidation & evaporation and separate unsuited flavor constituents to avoid adverse effects. This in turn will drive encapsulated flavors and fragrances market. Moreover, customers are willing to buy those products that have long shelf life, thus propelling encapsulated flavors and fragrances market size. Encapsulation is a technique in which a material is entrapped or coated within another material. Glaze material used for the process is known as a shell whereas coated material is called as active or core material. This technique can be applied to many polymers, active substances, compounds and oxidation-sensitive & heat-sensitive molecules. Flavors are sensitive and expensive products that are used as additives in the food industry, thus these essences are protected to maintain its integrity and stability for long term usage. Some of the benefits provided by encapsulation are offers uniform and improved color & taste, increased shelf life, provides texture in finished products, and protection from harsh conditions. The major restraint for

encapsulated flavors and fragrances market are the higher cost associated with the product and low technological advances in many developing countries. Encapsulated Flavors and Fragrances market is divided based on the type of encapsulation techniques which include chemical and mechanical. Chemical segment is further divided into glass encapsulation, spray drying, fluid bed coating and spray chilling. Spray drying is one of the most used encapsulation method for flavors involving spraying of emulsifier on food product. Benefits provided by spray drying are increased shelf life and resistance to heat & oxidation. The encapsulation processing can be done in three ways which include chemical, physico and physical process. Physico process is the fastest growing segment in flavor encapsulation as it is progressing rapidly in recent years with benefits of producing encapsulated flavors of small size. Encapsulated Flavors and Fragrances is used for different applications in food industry which include pressed tablets, tea & bake mixes, powdered drink mix, chewing gum, panned confections, biscuits & cookies, cereal & oatmeal, ice-cream and snack meals. These food products with enhanced flavors are in demand globally owning to rise in disposable income and youth leaning towards such products. Other application areas include soap & detergent, dairy products, beverages, oral care, cosmetics & toiletries and household. Encapsulated fragrances are used for cosmetics and cleaning purposes. Asia Pacific is the fastest growing region for encapsulated flavors and fragrances market. The product market is driven by many factors which include growing demand for food packaging, functional foods & health-conscious customers and requirement for increased shell life. US holds the largest market share for encapsulated flavors and fragrances market owning to increased technological innovation and changing consumer preferences. Encapsulated flavors and fragrances market is highly competitive due to presence of many competitors. Some of the major players dominating food encapsulation market are Cargill, Friesland Campina Kievit, Royal DSM, Kerry Group, Ingredion Incorporated, Firmenich, Lycored, International Flavors and Fragrances, Symrise, Surfachem, Sensient Technologies, Balchem Corporation, National Enzyme Company and Aveka Group. Companies operating in encapsulated flavors and fragrances market have adopted different business strategies to capture this market which includes agreements, product launches, expansions, collaborations and partnerships. In January 2014, Surfachem developed a new captured perfume for fabric care. The perfume remains for a prolonged period and diffuses slowly to give freshness for a long time. Source: Global Market Insights Inc

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

REPORT FUNCTIONAL FLAVORS

FUNCTIONAL FOODS & BEVERAGES

DEMAND TO SUPPORT GROWTH

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

unctional flavor refers to the flavors made up of functional ingredients such as coenzyme Q10, spirulina, aloe vera, green barley etc. Functional flavors includes ingredients such as nutraceuticals, colors, acids, extracts, essential oils, antioxidants, sugar(s), fortifications, texture related ingredients, sugar substitutes & salt replacers. Functional flavors can be used in the natural state or can be processed for human consumption. Functional flavors have low carbohydrate, low fat and low alcohol. Significance of functional flavors lies in the enhancement of taste and odour of the food products. Additionally, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties of functional flavors helps it in gaining a prominent share in the flavors market. High growth of functional flavor market can be attributed to its increased applications in the functional food and functional beverages. Factors such as rising health consciousness, onthe-go lifestyle, changing taste and preferences of consumers, increasing health consciousness, and new product developments are expected to drive the demand for functional flavors over the forecast period.

Market Segmentation The global functional flavor market can be segmented on the basis of application, type, and region. On the basis of application, functional flavor market can be segmented into functional food, functional beverages, confectionary, dairy product, bakery, and others. Others include applications such as condiments, dressings, soups, and sauces etc. Functional beverages is expected to witness high demand in the global functional flavor market followed by bakery segment during the forecast period. Based upon type, functional flavor market can be segmented into natural flavors and synthetic flavors. Natural flavors is further sub-segmented into aroma chemical, botanical extract, essential oils and other natural flavor. Sub-segments of synthetic flavors include savory flavor, citrus flavor, fruit flavor, and other synthetic flavors. Natural flavor segment is expected to witness high growth owing to the shift in consumer preference from synthetic

flavors to natural flavors that adds more health benefits.

Regional Outlook Geographically, the global functional flavor market can be segmented into major regions including North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa. Globally, among all regions, North America is expected to be the largest market for functional flavors. Factors such as on the move life style, hectic work schedules, and high living standards are expected to fuel the revenue growth of functional flavors market over the forecast period. Asia Pacific region is expected to be the fastest growing market owing to the increased demand of functional flavors in the food & beverages industry.

Growth Drivers Functional Flavor Market is anticipated to witness rapid growth during the reviewed period. Growing trend of increased demand for functional food and functional beverages is expected to have a positive impact on the growth of functional flavors market. Growing ageing population, rising health consciousness coupled with growing awareness regarding health benefits of the functional flavors is expected to result into high revenue growth of global functional flavor market. Rapid urbanization has also contributed significantly to the changing life-style, tastes and preferences, dietary habits. This, in turn, shifted the consumer preference towards food & beverages that can bring health benefits to the body. However, stringent regulations related to food safety is expected to limit the growth of functional flavor market.

Players Some of the global key players in the functional flavor market includes Ungerer Limited, Excellentia International Firmenich SA, Sensient Technologies Corporation, Takasago International Corporation, Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients, Symrise AG, Frutarom Industries Ltd. among others. Companies in the global functional flavor market are focusing upon expanding their product portfolio through new product launches. Source: Future Market Insights

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

REPORT CLEANING CHEMICALS

USE OF CLEANING, DISINFECTING PRODUCTS BECOMES MANDATORY IN HEALTHCARE T

he global industrial & institutional cleaning chemicals market is expected to register a CAGR of around 5 percent during the forecast period, 2018 to 2023. North America accounted for the largest market in 2017. Asia-Pacific is expected to register the fastest growth during the forecast period.

Rising Demand from Healthcare Industry Hospitals and other healthcare institutions are placing immense efforts to prevent the occurrence of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) and other infectious diseases. HAIs, which are highly caused by rapidly developing strains of multidrug-resistant organisms, can lead to serious illness to both patients and workers there. HAIs have led to numerous deaths and increased morbidity among patients. More than 175,000 deaths occur every year in industrialized countries, due to HAIs. More than 60 percent of the global HAIs are owing to different pathogens carried by medical implants and devices. Cross-infection among patients has also increased the prevalence of HAIs. Hence, the usage of cleaning and disinfecting products has become mandatory in the healthcare industry.

General Purpose Cleaners - The Largest Product Type General purpose cleaners are the largest segment in the industrial & institutional cleaning chemicals market. The products in this segment are mainly used as ware-wash, floor cleaners etc at hospitals, hotels, and offices, amongst others. The awareness of

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

contagious diseases is one of the driving factors of these products. But, the harmful side effects associated with these chemicals are restraining the growth of the market. The majority of the chemicals used in these products are biocides and surfactants. The United States of America is the leading market shareholder of this segment, followed by the Western European countries. Asia-Pacific region is showing steady growth, owing to its growing population.

North America Dominated the Market North America region was the largest market for industrial & institutional cleaning chemicals. United States accounted for the major share of the consumption in the region. US government has taken the initiatives by signing the law of the ACA in March 2010, to rejuvenate the healthcare sector with a goal of â&#x20AC;&#x153;make health care more affordable, accessible and of a higher quality.â&#x20AC;? The initiatives taken by government boosted the healthcare sector in US both in inbound and outbound fronts. Major policy changes and investment flexibility created a public private partnership in healthcare sector. This, in turn, resulted in increased quality standards in healthcare sector on both hospitals and clinical level. Growing consumer awareness and market competitiveness is anticipated to carry this trend further during the forecast period. This in turn, is anticipated to propel the industrial & institutional cleaning chemicals market in US. Major Players are Procter & Gamble, Henkel AG & Co KGaA, BASF SE, Clariant, Stepan Company, 3M and Reckitt Benckiser Group Plc, amongst others. Source: Global Information Inc

EVENT COVERAGE CPHI NORTH AMERICA

GOING HI-TECH WITH MEDICINES Leist is a keynote speaker for CPhI North America conference.

Nik Leist, Senior Director, Ingestible Sensor Manufacturing and Site Leader, Proteus Digital Health talks in depth about how the convergence of digital technologies and healthcare is fundamentally changing the way patients interact with their own health. He delves into ways in which mobile applications and wearable devices are actively engaging with medication like never before.

BY SHIVANI MODY Insight into Digital Medicines. Digital Medicines consist of oral pharmaceuticals formulated with an ingestible sensor which communicates with the patient’s mobile device when they have been swallowed. This technology supports patient self-care and physician decision making, in that both parties can observe medication taking behaviors, and tailor treatment the plans as per the needs of the patient. Digital Medicines, developed over the last 16 years, and used in real-world over the last 2.5 years, is a driver of this change. This new category of pharmaceuticals, pairing medications with sensors, opens the door for more informed decisions and conversations across the healthcare field and enables a true integration of technology directly into medications. Customizing machinery and partnering with global pharmaceutical companies are some of the steps which can expand the horizons of Digital Medicines.

‘Integrating Silicon with Drugs’ - with current drugs manufacturing process. The manufacturing elements for Digital Medicines are leveraged from current

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

technology practices for the semiconductor, electronics, and pharmaceutical industries. Proteus Digital Health’s ingestible sensor, the size of a grain of sand, is made of small amounts of silicon, copper and magnesium, all commonly found in our regular diet. Once the sensor has been formulated, it can be integrated into various solid oral form factors, some of which can be enabled on existing equipment in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and some of which will require feed system integration.

Adopting convergence of digital technologies and healthcare for developing markets. There is a great need for digital technologies in emerging economies, especially when you consider the high wait times due to the shortage of primary care physicians. Rather than waiting five hours just to see your doctor for a few minutes, we now have technology that can enable telemedicine which can allow patients greater access to healthcare.

CPhI North America Conference for promoting digital technologies in healthcare. CPhI North America presents an excellent

opportunity to showcase the most innovative solutions to problems in both the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. Digital tools are rapidly changing the way pharmaceutical companies can leverage existing technology to make the industry more efficient, less costly and provide improved outcomes.

Creating successful digital medicine solutions. Together, with our partner Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Proteus has successfully demonstrated the complete integration of a Digital Medicine system into existing manufacturing sites. With some customization to existing toolsets, we have realized a digital version of an existing medication that changes the way patients can interact with their own healthcare. This opens up a new category of pharmaceutical approvals in the FDA and sets the stage for new NDAs in the future.

Future plans for digital medicine solutions. Proteus is currently looking to bring more integrated medicines to take to the market. At this time, our main therapeutic areas are mental health, cardiometabolic diseases, infectious diseases and oncology.

ACADEMIC R&D TOXINS PRODUCED

BY E-CIGARETTES VARY BY FLAVOR

he flavor of an e-cigarette may affect more than a consumer’s taste buds, according to Penn State researchers who say the chemicals that make up different flavors also produce different levels of free radicals, toxins often associated with cancer and other diseases. The researchers analyzed popular e-cigarette flavors and the amount of free radicals they produced and found that many of the chemicals used to flavor e-cigarettes increased the production of free radicals, while a few actually lowered it. John Richie, professor of public health sciences and pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, said the results are an important step in learning more about the potential dangers of e-cigarettes. “When these products first came on the market, many people were saying they were harmless and that it was just water vapor,” Richie said. “We know that’s not true, but we also don’t have the numbers on how dangerous e-cigarettes are. But now we know that e-cigarettes do produce free radicals, and the amount is affected by the flavorants added.” Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause damage to healthy cells,

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

and have been linked to conditions like inflammation, heart disease and cancer. Consumers inhale these free radicals when they smoke a combustible cigarette. While e-cigarettes do not give off smoke, they do contain many different chemicals to flavor the e-liquids, which are absent from traditional, or “combustible,” cigarettes. The researchers said that while the flavorings are approved for consumption, they aren’t evaluated for safety when heated. The researchers measured the free radicals produced by 50 flavors of a popular brand of e-cigarette and compared them to flavorless e-liquid. They found that about 43 percent of the flavors were associated with significantly higher levels of free radical production, while a few were associated with lower levels. Next, the researchers broke down the flavors into their individual chemicals to see which ones were associated with higher levels of free radicals. Zachary Bitzer, post-doctoral scholar, said isolating the chemicals was important because flavors are not consistent across brands. The researchers found six flavorants that significantly increased the production of free radicals. These flavorants included

linalool, dipentene and citral, which are often used to give products citrus or floral notes. Additionally, the flavorant ethyl vanillin — often used for vanilla notes — decreased the production of free radicals by 42 percent. Richie said the results — recently published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine — could help consumers make better decisions about the products they buy, as well as help policy makers create regulations around e-cigarettes in the future. “E-cigarettes are regulated by the Center for Tobacco Products in the FDA, and I think these results can be useful to help set guidelines in terms of regulating these products,” Richie said. Reema Goel, research associate; Samantha M. Reilly, postdoctoral scholar; Ryan J. Elias, associate professor of food science; Alexey Silakov, assistant professor of chemistry; Jonathan Foulds, professor of public health sciences and psychiatry; and Joshua Muscat, professor of public health sciences, also participated in this work. The National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health and the Center for Tobacco Products of the US Food and Drug Administration helped support this research.

HOUSEHOLD CLEANING CAN BE AS BAD

AS SMOKING FOR LUNG FUNCTION

leaners who have regularly used cleaning sprays over 20 years were found to have reduced lung function equivalent to smoking 20 cigarettes a day over the same period, a UiBstudy shows.

Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). The study is published by the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, and is part of the Horizon 2020 project Aging Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC).

”People who have worked as cleaners or done household cleaning for 20 years have reduced lung function equivalent to smoking 20 cigarettes a day, for the same period of time,” said PHD-candidate Oistein Svanes, at the department of clinical science, at the University of Bergen. He is main author of the study.

Use water bucket

Bad for lungs He said his findings might not be surprising, when thinking about all the small particles that follow with cleaning products. The study also shows that cleaners have 40 per cent higher risk of developing asthma than others. The research includes 6 000 participants, based on the European Community

Professor Cecilie Svanes at the department of global public health and primary care, UiB, supervisor of the study, said the cleaning sprays are the main problem. ”The small particles from the sprays can remain in the air for hours after cleaning. The small particles can travel deep into the lungs and cause infections, and ageing of the lungs,” Svanes explained. “I would recommend using a bucket of water and soap when cleaning. You will not need a lot of chemicals after all, when cleaning. Microfibre cloths may be just as effective,” Cecile Svanes pointed out.

GUILTY SPRAYS: Sprays may harm your lungs when cleaning, study shows.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

ACADEMIC R&D COMMERCIAL-SCALE RESEARCH OF CLEAN TECH

FOR COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS

est Virginia University researchers are leading commercial-scale research and development of two new innovations at the country’s most efficient coal-fired power plant in Maidsville. The devices, a corrosion sensor invented at WVU and a gas sensor invented at Los Alamos National Laboratory, could make coal combustion more efficient with fewer emissions and fewer unplanned outages saving millions of dollars. The WVU Electrochemical Systems Research Center, directed by Xingbo Liu, plans to conduct experiments of the sensors at Longview Power, LLC’s 700 net megawatt power plant under two projects that total $1.8 million. The projects are funded by the US Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory with matching contributions from the participating organizations. Researchers from WVU, Los Alamos and two privatesector firms are collaborating on the efforts. “Longview is an ideal partner because of their commitment to use the latest technology,” said Liu, who is also a WVU professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering. Longview employs state-of-the-art electricity generation and emissions technologies and best available control technology that outperforms current strict environmental regulations. The plant sets a new standard for future coal plants to achieve according to company officials. Longview is located near WVU’s Morgantown campus. The corrosion sensor team includes Liu and WVU Chemical Engineering Professor Debangsu Bhattacharyya; Chad Hufnagel of Longview Power; and WVU-spinoff

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Aspinity, led by Chief Technology Officer Brandon Rumberg, who will be developing the electronics. The gas sensor research team includes Liu; Hufnagel; Rangachary Mukundan, Eric Brosha, and Cortney R. Kreller of Los Alamos National Laboratory; and Michael Carter and Bennet Meulendyk of KWJ Engineering Inc who will be assisting with the gas sensor commercial packaging. The corrosion sensor is a first-of-a-kind, wireless, self-powered device that can withstand the high temperature, ash-laden environment of the fire side of a utility boiler. This sensor can flag the early signs of localized corrosion of key equipment, such as boiler tubes, before a failure occurs. According to the North American Electric Reliability Council, tube failures are a leading cause of forced plant shutdowns that cost utilities hundreds of millions of dollars in lost revenue. “Currently, we are not able to anticipate impending tube leaks between our regularly scheduled maintenance outages,” said Stephen Nelson, chief operating officer for Longview. “We’re very interested in this technology because it could provide valuable information to help us avoid forced outages.” The gas sensor will measure directly any carbon monoxide gases that indicate incomplete combustion, a sign of wasted fuel, lower efficiency, and elevated greenhouse gas and harmful air emissions. The experimental sensors are intended to withstand the extreme environment of a boiler with temperatures of 1,200°C or higher. No sensor to date has met this goal. The device could provide real-time feedback to plant operators to allow them to optimize combustion. “The application

of advanced sensor concepts to provide direct feedback of combustion processes can lead to significant improvements in power plant operation efficiency,” said Eric Brosha of Los Alamos National Laboratory. “If these prototype gas sensors meet Longview’s criteria for commercial viability, then we hope to install a full sensor grid to allow us to increase our ability to monitor and control the fuel and air components. We hope to be a case study of the beforeand-after performance benefits,” Nelson said. The goal is for both sensors to improve operations for any coal-fired boiler. The ESRC will work with WVU’s Office of Technology Transfer to move the sensors to market if the commercial-scale tests succeed. The ESRC, which is based in the WVU Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, came about because of an $850,000 award beginning in 2012 by the West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission’s Division of Science under its Research Challenge Grant. “Such collaborations lead to innovations that serve the interests of West Virginia and the nation. Clearly, this investment is paying off,” said Gene Cilento, Glen Hiner Dean of the Statler College. “This exciting collaboration led by ESRC is a perfect example of the partnerships across the university and with commercial partners for moving innovations from the laboratory into deployment. This project demonstrates how industry, government and WVU are leading West Virginia forward by deploying new and advanced technologies,” said Brian J. Anderson, WVU Energy Institute director.

ADVANCING THE SCIENCE OF SMELL —

WITH A HINT OF MUSK

esearchers have identified key molecular mechanisms at work when people smell musks, a highly valued group of fixatives used in many perfumes and colognes. The discovery may have implications for a wide range of effects on mood and behavior in vertebrates, said the scientists. The research is the latest step in the ongoing scientific exploration of how human smell starts at the molecular level — an intricate, chemical process that has long eluded scientists. A Yale-led research group described the findings in a study published online, in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. “Our computational structural models of olfactory receptors have guided mutagenesis experiments and provided understanding of the interactions responsible for musk binding,” said Victor Batista, a chemistry professor at Yale and one of the principal investigators for the study. Batista is also a member of the Energy Sciences Institute at Yale’s West Campus. Batista and his colleagues are proponents of a theory that smell is initiated by specific molecular interactions between odorants and G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity, triggering memories and eliciting responses based on experiences with that scent. Previous research by the group identified two olfactory receptors in humans, OR5AN1 and OR1A1, that respond to musk compounds. Although musks are widely used in perfumes and in traditional Chinese medicine, little is known about how they work at the molecular level during olfaction. Such knowledge,

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

note the researchers, could help advance the study of the pharmacological effects of musks. The researchers developed structural models of OR5AN1 and OR1A1 based on quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics hybrid methods, a molecular simulation method that enables the study of chemical processes in solution and in proteins. These structural models predicted binding sites on OR5AN1 and OR1A1 for a variety of musks. “Our findings allow us to understand how olfaction works at the molecular level,” said Yale postdoctoral associate Lucky Ahmed, the study’s co-lead author. The researchers found that OR5AN1 responds to macrocyclic and nitromusk compounds (two groups of synthetic musks), while OR1A1 responds prominently only to nitromusks. The researchers also identified amino acid residues that aid in the binding process. The research team included scientists from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the University of Albany-SUNY, the University of St Andrews, the University of Campinas, Duke and China Agricultural University. Yuetian Zhang of Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the study’s other co-lead author. The other co-principal investigators are Eric Block of the University of Albany-SUNY, David O’Hagan of the University of St Andrews and Hanyi Zhuang of Shanghai Jiao Ton University. Co-authors from Yale are Sivakumar Sekharan, Mehmet Ozbil and Nicholas Ten, previous members of the Batista research group.

ACADEMIC R&D STUDY FINDS COFFEE COMPOUND MAY LEAD TO

NEW CLASS OF ANTIBIOTICS

esearchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT-R) have discovered that a natural compound found in many plant species including coffee has antibacterial properties and may lead to a new class of antibiotics. The peer-reviewed study on antibacterial properties of chlorogenic acid was published in journal Nature last year.

“In the study, we identified a compound which could aid in development of new generation of antibiotics. We have successfully established the antibacterial properties of chlorogenic acid. The structural blueprints obtained from this study can help produce a new class of antibiotics in order to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria,” Kumar said.

Associate professor Pravindra Kumar at the biotechnology department who led the study said that the team used x-ray crystallography techniques to examine various metabolic pathways in a soil bacteria.

The study said that tweaking the chemical structure of chlorogenic acid could make it a potent inhibitor of bacteria. The compound also showed positive results against different bacterial strains in the laboratory.

The team found that this compound binds to an enzyme (chorismate mutase) in the ‘shikimate pathway’. The pathway is responsible for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in microorganisms and is an attractive target for antimicrobial drugs. Researchers said that since the compound binds itself to the enzyme in the pathway, it could be used to inhibit growth of the bacteria.

“Antibiotics are essential to clinical healthcare and provide a vital shield against a variety of pathogenic bacteria. But their widespread misuse and improper clinical handling has led to emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria. This has led to an increase in the number of untreatable bacterial infections. Despite this, no new antibiotic has been discovered for many years,” Kumar added.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Source: Times Of India

R&D YOUNG TURKS Study on thermodynamic properties of a supercooled liquid

harles Hutchison studied how fluctuations in heat and other forms of energy affect the rate at which molecules return to equilibrium in supercooled liquids for his Regeneron Science Talent Search chemistry project. While molecular response rates are known to slow in liquids carefully brought below the freezing point without forming crystals, Charley sought deeper insight into the kinetics of supercooled liquids. Specifically, he explored how changes in temperature and electric fields alter the time required for a region of these molecules to resume equilibrium.

Charles Hutchison

His subsequent model shows how the thermodynamic properties of a supercooled liquid control its molecular kinetics, which may have applications in food processing, pharmaceuticals and other industries that use supercooled liquids. Charley attends St. Andrew’s Episcopal School in Ridgeland where he leads both Latin Club and the Quiz Bowl team. Over the past four years, he has served on the Youth Ambassador Council for the Mississippi Children’s Museum. Charley placed first for organic chemistry in regional and state competitions at the 2017 Mississippi Science and Engineering Fair. An Eagle Scout, Charley is the son of Robert and Melissa Hutchison.

GEAR PUMPS, FILTRATION, PELLETIZING AND PULVERIZING SYSTEMS MAAG – 4 STEPS AHEAD FOR YOUR SUCCESS

www.maag.com Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

ACADEMIC SPEAK NANOCOMPOSITES

SMART SOLUTIONS FROM SEAWEEDS

Dr Ramavatar Meena, Senior Scientist (Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division), Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute opens up on the myriad of opportunities that seaweed has in developing nanocomposite for industrial use.

Research insight. My research focuses on the value addition of Indian seaweed biomass. We have been focusing on converting seaweed biomass to various nanomaterials-based products, ranging from seaweed polymerbased nanocomposites with potential antibacterial, anticancer properties to seaweed-biomass based nanomaterials, nanocomposites for various applications including waste water treatment. The ultimate goal however, is to develop ecofriendly and cost-effective processes capable of providing smart nanomaterials and seaweed products at efficient rates for potential uses at industrial scale.

Potential of nanotechnology in various sectors. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field that covers an enormous and diverse array of devices derived from engineering, physics, chemistry and biology. Over the next couple of years, it is widely anticipated

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

that nanotechnology will continue to evolve and expand in many areas of life and science, and the achievements of nanotechnology will be applied in water purification, sensor, medical sciences, including diagnostics, drug delivery systems and patient treatment.

Wastewater treatment using nanomaterials. We have developed a simple and solventfree synthetic route for the production of FeS/Fe(0) functionalized graphene nanocomposite (G-Fe) via a one-step pyrolysis of seaweed biomass (Ulva fasciata). FeCl3 was employed both as the iron precursor as well as the templating agent. Iron doping played a dual-faceted role of exfoliating as well as activating agent, producing composite with high adsorption capacity for Pb2+ (645±10 mg/g), Congo Red (CR, 970 mg/g), Crystal Violet (CV, 909 mg/g), Methyl Orange (MO, 664 mg/g), Methylene Blue (MB, 402 mg/g) dyes and good recyclability (8 cycles). Pb2+

adsorption was irreversible even at low pH values and the spent composite (G-Fe-Pb) was utilized for efficient Cr(VI) removal (̴100 mg/g). Further, a thin layer of composite was deposited on a filter paper by vacuum filtration which was tested under continuous filtration mode for Reactive Black-5 dye removal. Preliminary results highlight the potential of this composite to be used in pre-treatment steps in hybrid membrane processes for filtration of complex wastewater feeds.

Process involved in synthesizing graphene-iron sulfide nanocomposite from seaweed. In a one step process dried seaweed powder and iron chloride (FeCl3) were mixed in different proportions and pyrolyzed at 800˚C under nitrogen atmosphere. It is proposed that the natural abundance of both inorganic and organic sulfide in the seaweed induces the reduction of exfoliated

graphitic sheets at elevated temperatures. Sulfur in the form of hydrogen sulphide reacts with the iron precursor at elevated temperature to form nanostructured iron sulphide (FeS). These nanostructures act as templating agent for the exfoliation of graphitic carbon derived from seaweed. It is hypothesized that without seaweed’s sulfur source, FeS nanostructures will not form, resulting in unexfoliated graphitic carbon due to the absence of templating agent. A low chemical footprint makes this process environmentally benign and scalable.

Role of pyrolysis technique in current research work. Pyrolysis technique resulted in the liberation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) due to the degradation of sulphated polysaccharides “Ulvan” present in the seaweed. H2S then reacts with ferric chloride to produce defect nanostructures of FeS with varying morphologies, depending on the ratio of biomass to iron precursor. These nanostructures then act as a templating agent for the exfoliation of graphitic sheets, resulting in graphene-FeS nanocomposite.

Sectors that will benefit from wastewater treatment research. Treatment of textile, leather and dye industries wastewater and toxic heavy metals contaminated wastewater will not only benefit but also the ecosystem as a whole. Depleting fresh water sources is a major challenge faced by our country. On top of that, water pollution adds to the woes. Recycling industrial wastewater will help reduce the burden on fresh water reserves as well as reduce the amount of pollutants entering the water sources.

Advantages of carbon-based cleaning process over other conventional processes. Activated carbon is being used for water treatment since a long time. Carbon based graphene has high chemical stability, reduced cytotoxicity, large surface area (low density) and large delocalized pi-electrons. Large scale production possibilities are being exploited in the adsorption of contaminants, including dyes, organic pollutants and even metals. A wide range of technologies like chemical precipitation, ion exchange, biosorbents, biochar, membrane filtration, coagulation & flocculation and adsorption have been tested in the past for the treatment of impaired water stream. Among these, membrane-based filtration processes have

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

gained widespread attention due to their long-term operability, ease of handling and scalability. However, organic fouling and heavy metal filtration remains a big challenge to existing membranes.

raw material. The process to obtain nanocomposite is solvent-less and no pre or post treatment is required, making it a simple process with low chemical footprint and easy scalability.

Carbon based graphene, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), polymeric materials in hydrogel form and silica-based nanocomposites have gained considerable attention due to their selectivity towards specific pollutants, low-cost, recyclability and robustness. Among these, graphenebased nanocomposites have been in the limelight because of their diverse applicability.

Commercialization of the technology.

Development in graphene-based adsorbents for wastewater treatment application. There has been considerable development in the field of graphene-based adsorbents for wastewater treatment application. As of now, graphene materials have shown exceptional Pb2+ adsorption capacity from aqueous solutions, a maximum of 1850 mg/g at 60˚C. Other composites with transition metals or polymer have shown exceptional removal efficiencies for lead, dyes and other organic moieties. GO/chitosan aerogel microsphere with highly microporous morphology have been recently reported by Yu et. al. exhibiting rapid adsorption of heavy metals, dyes and phenol. All these studies employed metal salts impregnated precursor in combination with other chemicals to bring about graphitization at high temperatures. Corrosive agents such as H2O2, NH3 atmosphere, HCl post-treatment have been reported but adds complexity for mass production. A major disadvantage is the unsatisfactory removal of contaminants and inefficiency towards multiple contaminant adsorptions. Therefore, to be an efficient and economically viable adsorbent, the material has to show high uptake capacity for multi-contaminants. Seaweed-derived activated carbon, iron coated biomass, acid activated carbon sheets or dried biomass have been reported for adsorptive removal of pollutants, but lacks high adsorption capacities and exhibits low affinity towards multiple contaminants. Our material shows exceptional adsorption capacity for multiple contaminants without any loss in efficiency in the presence of high concentrations of inorganic salts, which are generally found in real wastewaters. Also, Ulva fasciata is an indigenous seaweed with favourable growth conditions throughout the year making it a renewable and cheap

This technology may be suitable for several industries including textile, dyes, pharmaceutical etc. producing such effluents. In recent times, industries are looking solutions for treatment of such effluents. Gujarat based “Psioasis Biogen Pvt Ltd,” has shown interest in scaling up and commercialization of technology for such nanomaterials. We are also in talks with various industries in Gujarat to check the feasibility of treatment of their effluents and tune the properties of our nanocomposites accordingly.

Future research plans. My group focuses on value addition of seaweed biomass as well as solid industrial wastes. I am developing processes to obtain nanomaterials from seaweed biomass, industrial waste solid sludge and other waste materials for sensor, energy storage and wastewater treatment applications. In addition, I focus on development of industrial processes for the production of other value added seaweed products such as agar, agarose, carrageenan, agronuterients etc.

Challenges faced during the research. A major challenge is to scale up the production of seaweed as raw material. India has a large coastal area and CSIRCSMCRI has already developed farming for some commercially important seaweeds. In recent times, CSIR-CSMCRI is planning for producing/farming other important seaweed species. From research perspective, tuning the ratio of biomass to iron precursor so as to obtain nanocomposites with desired properties was challenging.

Opportunities for young researchers in the area of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials from seaweed have huge scope in the field of nano-medicine and bioplastic, which will help both the environment and people inhabiting it. Young researchers should focus on work which can have a foreseeable impact on our society. Trying to resolve certain problems through our research is what every researcher should thrive for.

LOGISTICS MARKET REPORT

RISE, SHIFT OF MANUFACTURING TO DEVELOPING REGIONS BOOSTS MARKET

GLOBAL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS AND FORECAST TO 2021

ÂŠ BASF

safe and reliable Logistics system is an important aspect of chemical industry. The manufacturing and consumption geography of the chemical industry are mostly separated apart. Therefore the chemical logistic has its part in the efficient, competitive and sustainable market development of the chemical industries. Chemical logistics are generally responsive, supple and adaptable; provide innovative service to respond to market changes rapidly and efficiently. The rising chemical market and shifting of the chemical manufactures from its traditional centers to the developing countries of Asia Pacific and Middle East has boosted the global chemical logistic market over the years. With growing infrastructure and development of new industrial location coupled with surging urbanization in the developing countries of Asia Pacific has raised the demand of organized upstream as well as downstream chemical logistic supply chain. The market of chemical logistic in developed region is heading towards maturity and the growth is mainly anticipated from the newly developed oil and gas production sites such as Appaloosa oilfield, Big Foot oilfield (Gulf of Mexico) and Baldpate in

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

North America and Cawdor offshore oil fields, BĂ¸yla oil field and Statfjord field in Europe. Based on the different type of logistic services the global chemical logistic market can be segmented as pipelines transport, rail transport, road transport, intermodal transport, sea transport and barges. The sea and road transportation based chemical logistic supply chain grasped the largest market share in 2013. The sea transportation based chemical logistic segment is expected to witness the highest growth during the forecasted period. Trend towards hybrid mode of business particularly with effect of many merger and accusation activities taking in chemicals industries has boosted the chemical logistic market. Moreover increasing clustering of chemical industry in Asia Pacific has leads to a change in the global trade pattern and opened new opportunities for supply chain management through suppliers via manufacturer to consumers. The development in the field of crossfunctional supply chain management system is providing new opportunities for the chemical logistic market. Asia Pacific is the largest market of Chemical logistic market followed by North America, Europe

and rest of the world (RoW). Asia Pacific and RoW (include Latin America, Middle East, and Africa) are two of the fasted growing Chemical logistic market of the world. Country wise, China and the US are two of the largest regional chemical logistic market. China held the largest market share in terms of regional downstream chemical logistic supply chain 2013. The upstream chemical logistic such as pipelines has highest market share in RoW region attributed to the large petroleum production sites and pipeline based supply chain to all major countries of Asia Pacific and European countries. The downstream logistic supply chain in Asia Pacific is increasing at double digit growth rate owing to the economic rise and strengthening transportation infrastructure in this region. The downstream chemical logistic market is expected to witness highest growth in Asia Pacific during the forecasted period. Some of the major companies operating in global chemical logistic market include BASF, Dow, INEOS, SABIC, DB Schenker, Norbert Dentressangle, Dupre, Brenntag, Univar, CSX, Schneider National Inc and BDP international. Source: Persistence Market Research

Tel: +91 80 42487300 | Fax: +91 80 23620188 | Email: info@kimberliteindia.com | www.kleanlight.com

AUTOMATION INTERVIEW

“DON’T JUST CHANGE, TRANSFORM” Anil Bhatia, Vice President & Managing Director – India, Emerson Automation Solutions speaks about the changing stance of Indian chemical industry towards automation and Internet of Things.

BY SHIVANI MODY Automation trends in India’s chemical industry. In today’s global economy and fierce competition, automation technologies are doing wonders in chemical production. They serve as catalysts for companies to not only cut operational costs, but also enhance product quality and safety. The boost in the industry’s demand - supply scenario and the Indian government’s initiatives such as ‘Make In India’ are expected to foster growth in the country’s chemical industry. Some of the major trends that call for the adoption of automation in the industry are:

Operational excellence: With time, digital technologies are becoming increasingly feasible. To attain commercial excellence, companies need to innovate their business model which can be the backbone of their operational processes. As the industry landscape remains everchanging, it is time to rise above the competition. Executives feel a real need to make dramatic improvements. It’s not just change, it’s transformation.

Emerson’s new Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) digital ecosystem, provides the technology foundation for companies to securely implement Industrial IoT to achieve measurable business performance improvement. Additionally, Emerson’s Plantweb digital ecosystem is the industry’s most comprehensive Industrial IoT automation platform. Built on the foundation of best-in-class process control and safety systems, Plantweb expands on

Increased Globalisation: The adoption of automation can expedite the Indian chemical industry’s operations, to serve the increasing global demands. Improved emission and waste management: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions continues to be an important issue. Disruptive technologies can better manage the increasing environmental impact of emissions and waste. Emerson introduced peer benchmarking on best practices to achieve Top Quartile performance Source: Refining and Petrochemical Benchmarks, API, Solomon, OSHA, IHS Market and Company Reports

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

existing automation infrastructure to make the promise of Industrial IoT scalable and achievable, with a broad portfolio of Pervasive Sensing technologies, an extensive suite of analytical software tools, secure and robust data infrastructure devices and expert services.

predict market demands. The Industry 4.0 is experiencing higher adoption by companies globally and the increase in the number of endpoints is resulting in an era of ‘smart manufacturing’, where data from interconnected devices is increasingly used to improve industrial performance.

Changing dynamics of Indian chemical industry with Industry 4.0

Industrial IoT holds a lot of promise for manufacturers, but many struggle to identify the right strategies for adoption within their operation.

Indian customers are realising the advantages of automation in the chemical industry. They understand that implementation of technologies like Big Data, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Machine Learning, etc. can substantially increase productivity and quality, enhance efficient use of raw materials, streamline operations and reduce labour. In the chemical industry, the understanding and implementation of automation and disruptive technologies is far higher as compared to other industries. Plants are pushed to improve reliability, energy efficiency and safety, as well as reduce operations and maintenance cost. These goals are achieved through digital transformation of how the plant is run and maintained; automating many manual and paper-based tasks. The combination of smart devices, secure networking, and advanced analytics is transforming the way manufacturers do business. Process industries as a whole, is going through a real metamorphosis. The past 30 years have brought fantastic advances in the manufacturing sector, including greater operating efficiencies enabled by automation. But the incremental benefits gained are diminishing. The pressure is on industry leaders to take the next step to the game-changing performance made possible by digitally empowering the workforce. Now it is time to fuel the nextgeneration workforce with the actionable insights they need to become even more strategic assets in their companies.

Scope of growth for Industrial IoT. Industrial IoT is a fast growing segment in India and industrial manufacturing is also expected to see high adoption levels. As India is rich in SMEs, the real quantum leap will occur when these SMEs begin adopting industry specific IoT platforms for efficiency. Thanks to today’s fast paced business environment, many companies are already using IIoT to disrupt and redefine their operations for increased agility, leverage real-time data to deliver more relevant solutions and study the collected data to

Challenges faced by Indian plant operators in chemical industry. In this day and age, the lack of agility paired with high capital costs can severely hinder operational productivity, which can decrease a company’s overall market relevance and its ability to be competitive. To overcome these issues, plant operators in India need to have a strong and compliant IT foundation that supports customer quality expectations. In addition to labour and government regulatory compliance related issues, chemical plant operators in India face the following challenges: • Unexpected fluctuations in commodity pricing • Product recalls and negative audits • Unavailability of raw materials • Consistent product quality

R&D and innovation to meet Indian requirements. India plays a significant role in Emerson’s global innovation programme. The company has 5 research and design centers in the country and each specialises in a different industrial space while also providing global support to all Emerson businesses. They lend support to businesses in the areas of concept feasibility, design and development of solutions with intelligent data analytics using latest technologies like neural network, Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine learning, and regressions analysis among others. Emerson Innovation Center, Pune, focuses on designing global products, speeding design cycles & offering competitive advantage. Emerson Information Technology Solutions Center, Noida, supports global IT Operations for Emerson. Emerson Export Engineering Center (EEEC), Pune, which was the first global engineering center setup outside the US in 1997 and is now a center of excellence providing high quality engineering services in the field of process automation for global operations. Fisher Chennai Engineering Center, Chennai, provides engineering support services to Fisher globally. Global Engineering Center (GEC), Noida, is a microcosm of Power & Water Solutions.

Addressing cybersecurity and operational networking issues.

• Controlling spillage • Eliminate man handling of hazardous chemicals • Online monitoring of incoming and outgoing effluent • Cyber Security

Company overview for India. Delivering quality automation solutions is one of the core focuses in Emerson’s business portfolio. The company’s strong leadership position in the global chemical industry is helping its customers achieve top quartile performance by providing innovative solutions that maximise production, protect personnel and the environment while optimising their energy and operating costs. To develop industry specific solutions in India, Emerson integrates global knowhow and local insights to continuously strengthen its R&D and services departments. Emerson sees tremendous growth in India’s chemical industry. The company’s specialty are comprehensive and integrated enterprise-wide IIoT solutions that offer highly secure process control, safety and asset management systems.

Growing cyberattacks on industrial sectors can be highly impactful on a company’s operations as well as reputation. Data breaches, which can range from theft of intellectual properties like design documents, formulae and manufacturing processes can cause huge losses by interrupting production and supply chain. Securing such an IIoT network requires focus on four zones that comprise most applications-Devices that remotely monitor and control process throughout the facility, connecting networks that move data to cloud, software that stores and processes the data to generate valuable insights, and finally, the people who design, manage and use these networks.

Challenges faced by automation solution providers. While many organisations are investing in automation technologies to improve their operations, they often fail to realise the expected return on those investments. Typically, this is either because their workforce lacks the knowledge and skills to utilise the technologies’ full capabilities, or they’re unable to integrate the new systems into their work processes and operating procedures.

To read the full interview, visit http://www.worldofchemicals.com/chemicaltoday/digitalissue.html

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

JOBS Production Executive Company: BASF Asia Pacific Date Posted: 24 April Country: India City: Mumbai

Advanced Scientist

Job Description: BASFâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s production executive role is to coordinate and control all the production related activities for the production, maintenance, quality, shipping and receiving to ensure the total manufacturing objectives are accomplished in time with quality and cost effectiveness.

Company: Momentive Performance Materials Inc Date Posted: 21 April Country: India City: Bangalore

Job Description: Advanced Scientist is responsible for design and development of new silicone based pre-polymers and formulations for construction segment (architectural, roof coatings etc.) and testing performance in intended applications and understand structure-property relationship to optimize polymers and formulations etc.

Technical Engineer II Company: Ecolab Date Posted: 23 April Country: India City: Pune

Job Description: NALCO - An Ecolab Company has an opening for a technical engineer in the global supply chain team located in Pune. The technical engineer will primarily be responsible for data analysis in supply chain team. Implement tools and strategies to translate raw data into valuable business insights. In this role, a technical engineer will need to have strong logical reasoning and business intelligence.

Lab Technician

Company: Evonik Industries AG Date Posted: 26 April Country: China City: Zhangjiang

Sr Research Scientist Company: Dow AgroSciences LLC Date Posted: 24 April Country: US City: Indianapolis

Technical Support Chemist Company: Huntsman Corporation Date Posted: 24 April Country: Germany City: Bergkamen

QC Supervisor

Company: AkzoNobel Date Posted: 15 April Country: Thailand City: Chonburi

Job Description: The candidate will work on exciting and challenging topics together with a team in an ultra-modern, innovative and creative environment. Intensive on-thejob training with expert colleagues guarantees you will quickly become familiar with your duties and perform them independently.

Job Description: The position is focused on the discovery and development of organic synthesis technology for cost-effective manufacture of novel agricultural pest-management products. The position exists to support a growing pipeline of experimental products under development by the Dow AgroSciences business.

Job Description: This roleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main objectives are reporting to the Technology Manager. The person will be responsible for the development of new, innovative products/solutions for the coating/construction market in the field of curative & special thermoplastic polyamide, whilst also being involved in regular travel to meet customers.

Job Description: QC Supervisor should make sure the products are delivered according to the required specification from the customer. Ensure that the management systems are up to date and approved by auditors and lead in continuous improvement in production and QC processes.

Application Engineer Company: ExxonMobil Date Posted: 20 April Country: Italy City: Augusta

Job Description: The candidate will join the process computer control organization of the Esso Refinery at Augusta (Sicily, Italy) with the role of Application Engineer. He/ she will work in a team of application engineers who implement and maintain control schemes and advanced control applications to allow the site process units to run safely and at optimum operating conditions. Application Engineers provide technical support to operations on process control and optimization issues.

Process Chemist Company: Arkema Inc Date Posted: 22 April Country: US City: King of Prussia

Job Description: Process Chemist is responsible for providing hands-on support in the construction and operation of reactors to conduct chemical synthesis of and evaluation of organic peroxides. He/she is responsible for assembly of formulations and conducting chemical and physical tests to assess formulation stability and performance.

Website: http://www.worldofchemicals.com/chemical-jobs.html

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

TWO DAY CONCLAVE 7 TH, 8 TH JUNE, SHERATON GRAND, BANGALORE

CORROSION TECHNOLOGY FORUM 2018

rldofchemicals.com

at: www.wo icals.com | Reach us em fch ldo or @w ce ren nfe

Conference: co

A Two Day Conclave - Corrosion Technology Forum, will focus on corrosion problems in Chemical & Process Industry by Galaxy of National & International Experts, Organised by World of Chemicals & The Society for Surface Protective Coatings India.

PRODUCTS

Brand-new line of cosmetic ingredients for sun protection B

io-On launched brand-new line of cosmetic ingredients for sun protection made from its revolutionary, 100 percent natural and biodegradable bioplastic. This latest innovation is a series of ultra-green, high-performing SPF (Sun Protection Factor) Boosters designed to improve sun protection products. These ultra-green ingredients (micro powders made from biodegradable bioplastic microscopic spheres or capsules) are designed to significantly reduce the percentage of UV filters used in the sun protection product and boost water-resistance.

Contact: Bio-On S.p.A. Via Dante 7/b, 40016 San Giorgio di Piano (BO), Italy Tel: +39 051893001 Email:info@bio-on.it Web:http://www.bio-on.it

Launch of cosmetic active offering powerful beauty benefits G

ivaudan Active Beauty combined the world of fragrances and cosmetics to create Vetivyne™, a new patent-pending powerful active ingredient with both anti-ageing benefits and long lasting properties to enhance fragrance wear. Givaudan discovered Vetivyne™ by using water-soluble extract from exhausted Haitian vetiver roots, a by-product of the extraction procedure used to produce vetiver oil for fragrances. The cosmetic active is fully natural, concentrated, odour-free and offers clinically proven skin benefits. By acting on the skin lipids, Vetivyne™ helps enhance skin hydration and suppleness as well as removing wrinkles.

Contact: Givaudan International SA Chemin de la Parfumerie 5 1214 Vernier, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 780 91 11 Web:https://www.givaudan.com

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Inventive cosmetic combination for modern wet wipe applications S

chulke’s new cosmetic preservative blend euxyl® K 720 takes a step forward. This inventive combination is designed for modern wet wipes, rinse-off and leave-on applications with low pH levels. euxyl® K 720 consists of well-known molecules which are broadly accepted and combine cost-effectiveness with multifunctional activity. It is active against bacteria, yeast and mould up to a pH of 5.5. Challenge test results have confirmed the efficacy of euxyl® K 720 (patent pending). The preservative also gives the additional benefit of moisturising.

Contact: Schulke & Mayr GmbH Robert-Koch-Str. 2, 22851 Norderstedt, Germany Tel: +49 40 52100-0 Email:info@schuelke.com Web:https://www.schuelke.com

Innovative detergent system – complete soft floor cleaning solution K

archer has launched an innovative detergent system, which reduces cleaning times and delays resoiling. The CarpetExpert line is based on Karcher‘s encapsulation technology, which encapsulates and binds soils for easy removal during the next scheduled vacuuming. With the new patented RM 760 Extraction Cleaner Tablet, Karcher sets new standards in deep cleaning of textile surfaces. The tablets are very easy to use, and are individually wrapped in water-soluble foil for precise and easy dosage. The advantages: no need for rinsing and cleans in half the time.

Contact: Karcher North America 4555 Airport Way, Denver, CO 80239, USA Tel:877-722-6555 E-mail:info@karcherna.com Web:https://www.kaercher.com

PRODUCTS

Introducing a MIT-free preservative L

onza has launched a new addition to the Proxel® range of preservatives which is designed to address the increasing global market demand for methylisothiazolinone-(MIT-) free biocide formulations. Proxel Spektra™ Preservative is a dual-active broad spectrum preservative that offers effective preservation of industrial products against spoilage caused by bacteria, yeast and mold. This formulation benefits from the use of two complementary active ingredients, providing enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and long-term protection. Contact: Lonza Ltd Muenchensteinerstrasse 38, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland Tel:+41 61 316 81 11 Email:contact@lonza.com Web:https://www.lonza.com

New surface disinfectant product H

u-Friedy introduced the latest offering in their line of infection control products – AdvantaClear Surface Disinfectant. Available as wipes, liquid, or spray, AdvantaClear features a one-minute kill time for 30 of the most common pathogens, including HIV-1, HBV, HCV, MRSA, Influenza A Virus (H1N1), Salmonella enterica, ESBL E. Coli, and other pathogens with a two-minute kill time for Tuberculosis (TB). Now it covers instrument processing, cleaning and sterilization monitoring, waterline cleaning and hand care. It is a convenient, ready-to-use, intermediate level disinfectant designed to clean and disinfect surfaces with a low-alcohol formula that will not affix blood or debris to surfaces.

Contact: Hu-Friedy Mfg. Co., LLC 3232 N. Rockwell St., Chicago, IL 60618-5935, USA Tel:1-800-483-7433 Email:care@hu-friedy.com Web:https://www.hu-friedy.com

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Launching silicone-based range of products D

ow Consumer Solutions, a business unit of Dow India, has launched the new DOWSIL™ range of solutions for its heritage Dow Corning silicone-based products. With more than a century of experience, the newly re-branded DOWSIL™ portfolio of Dow Consumer Solutions has delivered award-winning solutions and technologies in home and personal care, high performance building and construction, electronic and lighting, textile, labelling as well as automotive markets. Dow Consumer Solutions has transformed the way formulators and brand owners create products by enhancing performance, product sensory and delivering value to consumers around the world. DOWSIL™ will build upon this legacy to help brands maintain a competitive edge in several highly-concentrated markets with its multi-functional solutions.

Contact: Dow Chemical International Pvt Ltd 1st Floor, Block B, Gate 02, Godrej IT Park, Godrej Business District, Vikhroli (West), Mumbai- 400 076, India Tel: +91-22-66741500 Email:sabhyankar@dow.com Web:https://in.dow.com

New Line of Aromatic-Containing Polyols for foam applications E

mery Oleochemicals introduced a new line of aromatic-containing EMEROX® Polyols for pentane blown rigid PUR and PIR foam applications. Key benefits for rigid foam formulators and end users include; Improved low temperature thermal conductivity (R Value) performance; Blowing agent management; and Superior environmental /sustainability characteristics. The polyols enable new market opportunities for rigid foam manufacturers and end users in the form of differentiated products, improved low temperature insulation and green building applications.

Contact: Emery Oleochemicals LLC 4900 Este Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232, USA Tel:+1 513 762 2500 Email:patti.koss@emeryoleo.com Web:http://www.emeryoleo.com

EQUIPMENT WATER TESTING

IMPACT OF EMERGING CONTAMINANTS TO WATER SUPPLIES - ADDRESSING THE ISSUE BY DR TARUN ANUMOL (PHD)

ave you ever wondered if the glass of water you are going to drink is the same as that consumed by a celebrity of yesteryear? Or, if the water you are bathing in is the same used by a thirsty dinosaur several million years ago? It very likely may be, as the water on Earth has stayed mostly the same over several billion years, because of the way the water cycle works. The difference is that the water we use today may contain tiny amounts of manufactured chemicals like pharmaceuticals, personalcare products (ingredients from perfumes, and antimicrobial soaps) plasticizers, fireretardants used in furniture, detergents, insect-repellents, contraceptive hormones and even a little bit of caffeine! This group of chemicals, that has recently been detected in our water supplies at trace levels and normally through anthropogenic influences, are broadly classified as ‘emerging contaminants’. These chemicals are often used to improve our lives but also find their way into our water supplies. In fact, numerous reports have suggested these chemicals are found in rivers, lakes and drinking water supplies globally, and at increasing frequency. A few of these emerging contaminants are known to have adverse biological effects on humans and wildlife but toxicological data for a vast majority of them is still unknown

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

and under review. Furthermore, the longterm effects of being exposed to low dose concentrations of these compounds in water and potential synergistic effects they may have over time in humans is currently unknown. With over 130 million known chemicals in the world today, it should not be a surprise to find that some of them are entering the environment. Very few, if any, emerging contaminants are regulated in water around the world. Population explosion, urbanization and changes to climate are some factors that tax our limited water supplies. It is estimated that more than two billion people living on this planet currently experience water stress. With water resources being stretched, we are forced to look for alternate sources of water to sustain our daily needs as well as industrialization. This leads to sources that may differ from traditional ‘pristine’ waters, and include those that have been used for many decades and may be influenced by agricultural runoff, as well as industrial and domestic wastewater that can add chemicals, including emerging contaminants, to the water. Water recycling or water reuse initiatives are on the rise globally to augment current water supplies and reduce reliance on seasonal sources. These schemes essentially rely on treating wastewater to a sufficiently

high standard so that it can be used again for several purposes. Successful implementation of water reuse systems requires a thorough knowledge of the contaminants in wastewater, treatment processes to remove them, and the ability to test water accurately to ensure safety. Traditional water treatment plants were designed to remove dangerous microbes, bulk organic parameters like color, turbidity, odor and a few regulated chemicals that were known at the time. Indeed, water treatment processes drastically improved water sanitation and reduced water-borne diseases. For example, the process of water disinfection by chlorination, which started in the early 1900’s was so effective at killing pathogens that it dramatically reduced waterborne illness and increased lifeexpectancy1. However, traditional water treatment processes were not designed for, and hence are not as effective at, removing many of the emerging contaminants we detect in water today. Several studies have shown that treatment processes like coagulation, flocculation and disinfection remove very little if any of the pharmaceuticals, perfluorinated compounds, bisphenol A, industrial additives and other compounds which means that once these emerging contaminants are introduced to the water

system, they are very difficult to remove by traditional water treatment processes and tend to persist for a long time. To better deal with these emerging contaminants, advanced water treatment processes like nanofiltration, reverse osmosis (RO) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) like ozonation are being implemented as part of newer advanced water treatment plants. These processes can remove many (but not all) of the emerging contaminants but they are also expensive and energy intensive. Both RO and nanofiltration are physical membrane-based separation processes that are effective at removing a vast majority of emerging contaminants but lead to a small highly concentrated waste stream of these emerging contaminants that still need to be disposed of – which can be very difficult and expensive. AOPs are chemical oxidation processes where the aim is to mineralize a chemical to CO2 and H2O. These processes have been thought to be effective at eliminating many emerging contaminants in water too. However, most of these contaminants are not mineralized with the AOP doses used in water and so actually result in the parent compound being converted into a transformation product. These transformation products can sometimes be more toxic than the parent compound in water. In fact, the disinfection process that kills pathogens and saves so many lives can also react with organic matter like emerging contaminants in the water to form new compounds known as disinfection byproducts. Some disinfection byproducts can be extremely toxic and have even been linked to cancer2. Indeed, balancing the use of disinfection to prevent waterborne illness with formation of toxic disinfection byproducts is critical and a necessary field of current and future research: While new water treatment technologies are able to attenuate many emerging contaminants, further study of current and the development of new technologies is still needed. The development of advanced analytical instrumentation like tandem quadrupole mass spectrometers has made it a lot easier to detect and quantify these emerging contaminants. Improvements to sensitivity and increased access to advanced analytical

instrumentation has resulted in these compounds being detected at extremely low levels (nanaogram per liter) in our waters. Further, innovations in hardware and software have also made these tools affordable, accessible and more easy to use for new audiences. The development of high-resolution accurate-mass mass spectrometers has also allowed researchers to identify new and previously unknown chemicals in the environment. The identification of every single chemical present in the water, from the several million that are in production is tedious and economically impractical. Therefore, a new paradigm of testing that combines chemical analysis with biological testing has been proposed. In this method, scientists run the (water) samples through a battery of biological assays that measure different toxicological end-points to determine the safety of the water sample. When an effect is detected in any of these biological tests, the water is analyzed to detect the chemicals present in them that cause the adverse biological result. This information can then be used to create focused treatment technologies for the specific chemicals causing the biological effects in the water. This technique of combining biological testing with chemical analysis is known as ‘effects-directed analysis’ and is an effective method to not only screen water samples but also protect public safety. The continued development and creation of new chemicals to improve quality of life and support our future demands is important. However, these processes should be balanced out with consideration to protect our precious natural resources and environment - essential to healthy life. While source control is the most effective way to prevent new and emerging contaminants from entering our environment and water sources, the continued development of novel and effective water treatment technologies to attenuate them when they get into our water is critical. Also, technology advancements and continued development of sophisticated analytical tools to identify, measure and monitor levels of these emerging contaminants in the environmental is essential to maintaining safe water and protecting public health.

References 1. A Century of U.S. Water Chlorination and Treatment: One of the Ten Greatest Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/history. html [Accessed April 2018] 2. Richardson, S. D., et al. (2007). Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: A review and roadmap for research.” Mutation Research-Reviews in Mutation Research, 636(1-3): 178-242.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Author: Dr Tarun Anumol (PhD), Global Environment Industry Manager, Agilent Technologies

EQUIPMENT FRAGRANCE & FLAVOR APPLICATIONS

HIGH EFFICIENT MIXING

IN FRAGRANCE AND FLAVOR APPLICATIONS O

ne of the most undervalued step in modern manufacturing processes is the mixing of liquids. This operation is made in hundreds of processes, usually as an initial preparation for subsequent process steps and sometimes being a single process step creating a final product. Given the potential importance of this operation to the overall production cycle times, process control and even the product quality. It is worthwhile to spend some time to look more deeply into optimizing the mixing of liquids. The most common equipment used by industry is centrally installed. Simple ‘stirrers’, with low speed and low power which do not give the desired result in an optimal way and subsequently lead to long process times, inhomogeneous batches as well as potentially creating problems in downstream processes.

Picture 1: Principle of the Jetstream mixer

Some typical issues associated with mixing in fragrance and flavor applications are highlighted here together with a solution which offers a highly flexible and extremely fast process with ‘perfect’ results, every time.

Processing Fragrances Air Using stirrers with open shafts typically leads to the creation of a vortex which will draw air into the processed product. Air is a ‘poison’ for fragrances because of potential oxidation which will result in a characteristic change of the ‘desired’ aromatic properties. In addition, fragrance applications are often completed in explosion rated zones due to a low flash point of various raw materials used. Air that has been inadvertently added to the product by stirrers will leave the fluid through the surface which in turn leads to an increased vapor. This will contaminate the environment and may even lead to an

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

increased explosion risk. Entrained air reduces the mixing efficacy as the air leads to a significant damping of the energy input. Sedimentation Dissolving of crystals in oil is one of the primary operations of the fragrance industry. If the batch is not efficiently ‘mixed’, which requires the lifting up of particles from the bottom of the vessel and not only rotating them in the vessel, most of these crystals will deposit in a layer towards the vessel bottom. The result is a high concentration of crystals in solution

and thereby a significant reduction in the ability of these crystals to dissolve. The product is therefore ‘saturated’ with no ‘mass transport’, the liquid/solid interface is not maximized and dissolving takes far too long. Using a system that has no rotating shaft through the liquid surface and which does not create any vortexes is the perfect solution for applications. Jetstream Mixers (see picture 1) are designed not to create any vortex and for mainly vertical, or axial flow, mixing. A Jetstream Mixer is a fast running mixer type (typically speed 1.500

Picture 2: Principle of Dispermix upm, today more than 95 percent are driven via VFD) consisting of a stator, a rotor and a so called stator tube. The stator deflects the rotation of the fluid from radial flow into a vertical mass flow which is directed to the bottom of the vessel and finally directed in a vertical way up to the top of the vessel – against gravity. Sedimentation is not possible and the batch is perfectly homogeneous ensuring that every crystal is able to dissolve as fast as possible.

Processing Flavors

Picture 2: Principle of Conti-TDS – a pump, a homogenizer and a vacuum cleaner. By ‘sucking’ powders directly into this machine, instead of pouring them onto the surface of the liquid, the following advantages are quickly realized: - No crusts or lumps form on the wall of the vessel or shafts of the mixers - No Pre-Emulsification is necessary - during powder addition under the liquid surface, the dispersing process begins immediately

In addition to the points mentioned above, the processing of flavor usually needs to add powders as well as liquids. Many of these powders have the tendency to float on the liquid surface which builds lumps (eg maltodextrins or Arabic gum). These powders need more shear stress in order to adequately disperse them. The ystral Dispermix is the perfect solution for this application.

- No vacuum vessel is required

The working principle of this machine is a combination of Jetstream Mixer and Batch Disperser technologies (see picture 2), where about 60 percent of the motor power is used for vertical mixing and about 40 percent is used for dispersing. The Dispermix also offers excellent emulsification abilities and can be used as tool for processing pre-emulsions, accelerating dissolving processes and even as a final disperser, depending on the specific product properties and process targets. Jet Stream Mixers and Dispermix are typically installed from the top, for vessels up to circa 2.5m3, and installed from the side for process tanks over this volume.

Besides all the advantages of using Jetstream mixers and Dispermix, one point has to be considered: adding of powders from the top of a vessel, directly on to a liquid surface, will always lead to problems:

- No additional filters needed

- Floating powders will create lumps and crusts on the wall of the vessel. - Pouring in powders through an ex-rated zone in the vessel is potentially dangerous due to static charge.

The YSTRAL Conti-TDS To avoid lumps and crusts at the wall of the vessel, a system is available that is able to ‘suck in’ powders by creating a strong vacuum. This system is working as a combination of – for example

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

- Powder incorporation rates up to 150 kg/min are readily achievable, depending on the specific powders - Induction of the oils and or aromas can start immediately after powder is added using the same machine Direct emulsification of spray dry emulsions and cloud emulsions down to ~1µm is possible – in most cases there is no need for the subsequent processing by High Pressure Homogenizer (HPH) - especially in the case of spray dry emulsions

- WIP/CIP/SIP can be readily realized - Powder can be directly sucked in from Sacks/Bags/Drums with a suction hose, Sack Tipping Stations, Big Bags or Super Sacks, Containers or even from Silo’s. - The same machine can work as the transfer-pump as well as an Homogenizer - Completely automated, closed process systems are readily realized. The Conti-TDS is available in various sizes and successfully applied in all of the mentioned applications worldwide. The Conti-TDS, with its excellent powder wetting and dispersions capabilities, combined with the Jetstream mixer, for absolutely perfect homogeneous mixing, offers the user perfect products, reduced process times, reduced energy requirements, less need to filter, less expensive and faster cleaning steps and less man power requirements. Source: ystral gmbh

EQUIPMENT Versatile double cone blender to mix dry power, granules

usan’s Double Cone Blender is an efficient and versatile machine for mixing dry powder and granules homogeneously. All contact parts are made out of stainless 304 or 316 quality material. Two third of the volume of the Double Cone Blender is filled to ensure proper mixing. The conical shape at both ends of the blender enables uniform mixing and easy discharge. Suitable size of butter fly valve at one end and hole with openable cover at other end. Hand wheel will be provided for manual tilting of cone. It can be used for pharmaceutical, food, chemical and cosmetic products etc.

Contact: Rusan Pharma Ltd. 58-D, Government Industrial Estate, Charkop, Kandivli (W), Mumbai-400 067, India Tel:+91-22-4238 3000/+91-22-2868 2512 Email:machinery@rusanpharma.com Web:http://www.rusanpharma.com

Introducing formaldehyde gas concentration analyzer

icarro Inc introduces Picarro G2307 formaldehyde gas concentration analyzer for field or laboratory deployment. The G2307 formaldehyde gas concentration analyzer guarantees an impressive drift specification of ±1.5 parts-per-billion (ppb) over 24 hours of continuous operation. Additionally, the Picarro device shatters previous measurement specifications with a new world-class low-detection limit of 300 partsper-trillion (ppt). It provides long-term stability, continuous, real-time measurement of formaldehyde gas requiring infrequent calibration and low maintenance.

Contact: Picarro Inc. 3105 Patrick Henry Dr., Santa Clara, California 95054, USA Tel: (408) 962-3900 Web:https://www.picarro.com

New nitrogen gas generator for various purity levels

eak Scientific has unveiled a new addition to its Solaris Nitrogen range - new Solaris XE. It can deliver up to 35 L/min, at purity levels of up to 99.5 percent making it the ideal gas solution for LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). With variable purity in relation to outlet flow and pressure, the Solaris XE is also capable of supplying Compact MS instruments or multiple ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) instruments simultaneously. The Solaris XE has been specifically designed to provide nitrogen to laboratories that utilize an external source of compressed air and its compact chassis allows it to be placed on a benchtop or on a wall, making it an excellent space-saving solution for the lab.

Contact: Peak Scientific Instruments Ltd Fountain Crescent, Inchinnan Business Park, Inchinnan, PA4 9RE, Scotland, UK Tel:+44 141 812 8100 Email:info@peakscientific.com Web:http://www.peakscientific.com

Atomic Absorption Spectrometer to meet industrial process lab demands

nalytik Jena’s easy-to-use novAA® 800 is especially designed to meet the demands of industrial process labs - for example in the food, environmental, or chemical industries– where moderate sample quantities have to be analyzed both cost-effectively and reliably. The novAA® 800 is designed for the highest possible flexibility to meet the demands of many target industries. In the food industry, for example, bulk elements-such as Calcium, Iron and Zinc-are typically analyzed by flame technique; while traces-such as Arsenic or Mercury-can be readily analyzed by means of graphite furnace or hydride technology-even unattended or over-night.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Contact: Analytik Jena AG Konrad-Zuse-Strasse 1, 07745 Jena, Germany Tel:+49 3641 77 70 Email:info@analytik-jena.com Web:https://www.analytik-jena.de

Automated UV-Visible Spectrophotometers for Today’s Modern Lab

he Thermo Scientific GENESYS 180 UV-Vis spectrophotometer is part of a newly designed portfolio of accessible, automated and networkready instruments used in industrial and university laboratories. Industrial QA/QC technicians, instructors and university researchers seeking robust UV-Visible spectrophotometers can now choose from a flexible range of options. Regarded worldwide for reliability, accuracy and reproducibility, GENESYS spectrophotometers are designed to meet today’s expectations for advanced technology in a compact, robust package. It also includes an 8-cell changer for higher throughput environments and double-beam capability for advanced experiments with a changing reference.

Contact: Thermo Fisher Scientific 168 Third Avenue, Waltham, MA USA 02451 Tel:781-622-1000 Web:https://www.thermofisher.com

Explosion-proof variable speed actuators for hazardous environment

UMA has launched explosion-proof variable speed valve actuators for use in potentially hazardous environment. The new SAVEx actuators for open-close duty and SARVEx multi-turn actuators for modulating duty, combined with intelligent ACVEx actuator controls, provide full control of the motor speed at any time. In oil and gas applications, variable speed offers significant advantages for challenging valve control tasks, since it allows the optimum operating speed to be selected for each change of valve position. High positioning accuracy and optimised setpoint control considerably increase the effectiveness of pressure control valves in gas pipelines.

Contact: AUMA Riester GmbH & Co. KG Aumastr. 1, D-79379 Muellheim, Germany Tel:+49 7631 809-0 Email:info@auma.com Web:https://www.auma.com

Hygienic Side Entry Receiver Filter for challenging requirements

chenck’s new Hygienic Side Entry Receiver (HSER) filter is designed to meet challenging requirements for sanitation and inspection in the food, pet food and chemical industries. A horizontal cartridge filter, HSER is ideally suited for low headroom applications under pressure or vacuum and is primarily used as a filter receiver at the end of a pneumatic conveying system to separate the product being conveyed from the convey air. Well suited for a variety of indoor locations, the HSER has a small footprint requirement and can be easily explosion vented through the roof or from the side. The HSER utilizes clean design concepts, minimizing horizontal surfaces where product or water might collect

Contact: Schenck Process LLC 746 E Milwaukee St, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA Tel:+1 262-473-2441 Email:sales-fcp@schenckprocess. com Web:https://www.schenckprocess. com

Low Flow Sealless Pumps for Hydrocarbon, Chemical Industries

undyne announced enhancements to its GSPLF (Low Flow) OH2 sealless pumps which are designed for applications requiring low flow and high head in the oil and gas production, chemical, petrochemical and refining industries. GSPLF OH2 sealless magnetic drive pumps feature an open impeller, Barske wheel design with straight blades and a tapered conical diffuser, which produces efficient performance at low flows. The pump meets the requirements of API 685 and has full ATEX compliance, bringing efficiency, safety and reliability to environmentally-conscious plant operators in the chemical and hydrocarbon processing applications.

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

Contact: Sundyne, LLC 14845 West 64th Avenue Arvada, CO 80007, USA Tel: 303.425.0800 Web:http://www.sundyne.com

ADVERTISING INDEX Waters(India) Pvt.Ltd.

Tel: 080-49292200-03(3lines) Fax: 080-49292204 Email: Waters_India@waters.com

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Ystral

Email: ranga.rajan@ystralindia.com www.ystral.com

Maag

Kleanlight

Email:www.maag.com Tel: +91 80 42487300 | Fax: +91 80 23620188 Email: info@kimberliteindia.com www.kleanlight.com

Kimberlite Chemicals (India) Pvt. Ltd. 53 India Tel: +91 80 42487300 Email: info@kimberliteindia.com www.kimberliteindia.com

Equipment & Chemical Corporation

Tel: +91 9810701246 | +91 11 47533229 Email: info@eccindia.co.in | piyush.jain@ eccindia.co.in www.eccindia.co.in

Astral Poly Technik Limited India Tel: +91 7966212000 Email: ipd@astralpipes.com www.astralpipes.com

Back Inside

GLOSSARY PAGE NO 3M Reckitt Benckiser 52 ABRAFATI 44 Agilent Technologies 75 AkzoNobel 11, 24, 47 Analytik Jena 78 AUMA Riester GmbH 79 Aveka Group 49 Baker Hughes 47 Balchem Corporation 49 BASF 08, 09, 11, 52, 64 BAYER 08 BDP international 64 Berger Paints 06 BG Group 10 Bharat Petroleum 06 Bio-On 70 BP plc 06, 10 Brenntag 64 Cargill 49 Clariant 52 Covestro 10 CSX 64 DB Schenker 64 Devan Chemicals 18 Dow Chemical 07, 31, 43, 47, 73 Dow India 17 Dow 64 DowDuPont 43 Dupre 64 Emerson Automation Solutions 66 Emery Oleochemicals 73 Excellentia International Firmenich 51 ExxonMobil 09 Firmenich 49 Friesland Campina Kievit 49

Chemical Today Magazine | May 2018

PAGE NO Frutarom Industries Ltd 51 Future Market Insights 43, 47, 51 Givaudan 70 Global Information Inc 52 Global Market Insights Inc 49 Google Cloud 09 Hempel A/S 22 Henkel 52 Hindustan Petroleum 06 Hu-Friedy Mfg 72 IIT-Guwahati 62 Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 60 Indian Oil 06, 07 INEOS 64 Ingredion Incorporated 49 International Flavors and Fragrances 49 Johnson Matthey 10 Kansai Nerolac 31 Karcher North America 72 Kerry Group 49 Kraft Heinz Company 39 LANXESS 21 Lonza 72 Lycored 49 McCormick 40 Melzer Chemicals 47 Monsanto 08 Nalco Water 09 National Enzyme Company 49 National University of Singapore 34 Norbert Dentressangle 64 North Carolina State University 35 Novo Nordisk Foundation 36 Peak Scientific Instruments 78 Persistence Market Research 64

PAGE NO Picarro 78 Procter & Gamble 52 Protech Chemicals India 31 Proteus Digital Health 54 PT Federal Karyatama 09 Reliance Industries 06, 30 Royal DSM 49 Rusan Pharma 78 SABIC 43, 64 Sanitized AG 26 Saudi Aramco 06, 43 Schenck Process 79 Schneider National Inc 64 Schulke & Mayr 72 Sensient Flavors 40 Sensient Technologies 49, 51 Shell Technology India 30 SSPC India 30 Steel Authority of India 31 Stepan Company 52 Sundyne 79 Surfachem 49 Symrise 49, 51 Takasago International Corporation 51 Thermo Fisher Scientific 79 Total 09 Ube Industries 08 Ungerer Limited 51 Univar 64 University of Bergen 57 University of Bristol 32 Virginia Tech 33 West Virginia University 58 Wild Flavors and Specialty Ingredients 51 ystral 77

May Issue

Sector Focus Chemicals Section Flavour & Fragrance

• Natural Flavour Chemicals • Synthetic Flavour Chemicals • Natural Fragrance Chemicals • Synthetic Fragrance Chemicals

Biocides

• Disinfectants • Preservatives • Pest Control • Wood Preservatives • Metalworking-Fluid Preservatives • Repellents • Antifouling Products

Cleaning and Sanitation

• Basic Alkalis •Chelating Agents •Acids • Antimicrobial Agents •Mill Sanitation Chemicals • Food Plant Sanitation Chemicals •Acid Cleaners • Alkaline Cleaners •Sanitizers •Floor Cleaners

Equipment Section Chemical Process Equipment

• Agglomerators • Agitators • Air Strippers • Blenders • Blowers • Chillers • Compressors • Condensers •Cooling towers • Crushers • Crystallisers • Distillation Equipment • Drivers • Dryers •Dust Collection Equipment • Evaporators • Feeders • Filtration Equipment • Fractionators • Granulators

• Heat Exchangers • Incinerators • Industrial Ovens • Mixing Equipment • Mills •Pipes • Precipitators • Pressure vessels • Pumps • Reactors • Shredders • Screening Equipment • Scrubbers • Sedimentation Equipment • Seperation Equipment • Storage Tanks • Valves • ventilators • Air Handlers •Autoclaves • Bioreactors • Blow Molding

June Issue

Sector Focus Chemicals Section: • Textile • Inks and Dyes • Pigments • Glass & Ceramics Equipment Section:

Chemical Process Equipment

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