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l;dfgf x]/km]/ x'bF f cfGtl/s ¿kdf clxn]sf] eGbf klg 7"nf] cfGbf]ng x'g] cfzª\sfn] l;dfgf x]/km]/ gug{ bnsf g]tfx¿dfly bafa k/]sf] 5 . ef/tn] eg] h;/L klg tTsfn l;dfgf x]/km]/ ug{ df]rf{sf cfkm\gf jkmfbf/ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{nfO{ nufgL ul//x]sf] 5 . gfsfaGbL x6fpg ef/tnfO{ cGt/f{ l i6« o bafa k/] s f] sf/0f l;dfgfsf] ljifodf s] x L ;xdlt x'gf;fy ef/t g]kfndfly nufPsf] gfsfaGbL v'nfpg tof/ ePsf] 5 . l;dfgfaf/] ;xdlt geP gfsfaGbL hf/L ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] ef/t ;d:ofdf k/]sf]
xf] . gfsfaGbL hf/L /fVbf cfkm\gf] 5ljdf cfFr cfpg] eGb} ef/t cfkm" km'Tsg] ;lhnf] af6f] vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . t/, bnsf g]tfx¿sf] c8fgsf] sf/0f ef/tn] eg]sf] h;/L ;ª\3Lo k|b]zsf] l;dfgf x]/km]/ x'g] ;Defjgf Go"g 5 . klxnf]k6s 3f]if0ff u/]sf] l;dfgf kl/jt{g gu/]sf] eP t/fO{sf] cfGbf]ng olt nfdf] gx'g] cfFsng ;a} bnn] ul/;s]sf 5g\ . km]l/ l;dfgf kl/jt{g u/]/ csf]{ lsl;dsf] åGå lgDTofpg] kIfdf ;/sf/ b] l vPsf] 5} g eg] ;+ljwfgn]vgdf ;lqmo ljleGg kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ klg clxn] ToxL kIfdf 5g\ .
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ljb'/ . ef/tLo gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f OGwgsf] cefj ePkl5 ;jf/L;fwg sd u'8g\ ] / u'8s ] f ;jf/Ldf klg IfdtfeGbf a9L ofq' / dfn;fdfg /fVgfn] b'36{ gf al9/x]sf] 5 . ut sflQs !& ut] sf7df8f+}af6 /;'jf hfFb} u/]sf] ofq'afxs a; /fDr]df b'3{6gf eO{ #& hgfsf] d[To' / %) hgfeGbf a9L 3fOt] ePsf] b'O{ ;ftf glaTb}
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ln+sg sn]h Admissions Open BBS B.Ed, BA (BSW) 4 years
Major Subjects : Journalism, Sociology, Social Work, Health, Physical Education & Maj. English
LINCOLN COLLEGE Gongabu, Town Planning, Kathmandu Phone No.:- 01-4363024/25, 4382774 Email: - info@lincolncollege.edu.np
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Email : prawaha.weekly@gmail.com
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afa'sfhL sfsL{ gfsfaGbLn] phfu/ u/]sf] 5 . s] x L jif{ c l3;Dd g] k fnn] s[lifhGo j:t'x¿ rfdn, bfn tyf t/sf/L ef/tnufotsf t];f| ] d'ns ' df lgof{t ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] . t/, clxn] vfBfGg dfq geP/ cfn', Kofh, ;fu;AhL;d]t ef/tdf e/ kg'{kg]{ nfhdbf]{ ljjztf b]vfk/]sf] 5 . s[lifsf nflu pj{/e"ld afFem} a;]sf] 5 . ufpF3/df a"9fkfsfx¿ dfq 5g\ . rfnL; nfveGbf a9L o'jf /f]huf/Lsf nflu d'Unfg efl;Psf] cj:yf 5 . d'ns ' df cl:y/tfsf] sf/0f pBf]uwGbf aGb x'g] qmddf 5g\ . /f]huf/L l;h{gfsf] eljiobzL{ of]hgf ;/sf/n] Nofpg ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lbuf] ljsf;eGbf klg ;Qfdf s;/L l6ls/fVg] eGg] :jfyL{ lts8ddf g]tfx¿sf] xf]8 rn]sf] kfOG5 . ljutdf ;Qf kl/jt{gsf nflu cfkm\ g f] :jfy{ c g' ; f/ ef/tsf] x:tIf]knfO{ ckl/xfo{ 7fGg] g]tfx¿sf] lg/Lxtf klg clxn]sf] gfsfaGbLsf] k|dv ' sf/0f xf] . ljuth:t} …efO km'6] uFjf/ n'6]Úsf] ;+:sf/ bnx¿df /lx/x] g]kfnLn] o:tf ;ª\s6 eljiodf klg gJoxf]g{'knf{ eGg ;lsGg . k|To]s jif{ sl/a rf/ nfv gofF o'jf >dahf/df cfpg] u/]sf] eP tfklg /f]huf/L;DaGwL bL3{sfnLg Jofjxfl/s of]hgf /fHon] cl3 ;fg{ ;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL o'jfsf nflu ljb]z hfg] /x/ km];gh:t} ePsf] 5 . o'jf hgzlQm lg/fz eP/ /f]huf/Lsf nflu lab]l;g' / pgLx¿n] k7fPsf] /]ld6\ofG;n] b]zsf] cy{tGq
wflgg' sbflk /fd|f] ;ª\st] xf]Og . /f]huf/Lsf nflu g]kfnL ef}Ftfl/Fb} s:t'/Ln] cfkm"df ePsf] ;'ulGwt lagfsf] 1fg geP/ sxfFaf6 af:gf cfof] eGb} ef}Ftfl/P/ lxF8]h:t} d[ut[i0ffsf] ¿kdf cfkm\g} b]zdf pknAw k];f cª\ufNg lxlRsrfpFb} xhf/f+F, nfvf}F ?k}ofF vr{ u/]/ vf8L d'n'ssf] k|r08 udL{df hf] l vdk" 0 f{ jftfj/0fdf t/sf/L, kmnkm" n v] t L, e] 8 f r/fpg] , uwf hf]Tg]h:tf s[lifhGo sfd ug{ tF5f8– d5f8sf ;fy k'u]sf 5g\ . csf]{tkm{ l5d]sL b]zx¿af6 /f]huf/Lsf nflu g]kfn cfP/ kmnkm"n, t/sf/L / cGo ;fdfg a]Rg ;x/–ahf/df dfq geP/ ljs6 ufpFx¿df klg 5\ofk5\ofKtL k'u]sf] kfOG5 . t/, uj{sf ;fy ToxL sfd :jb]zdf g]kfnLn] lsg ub}{gg\ < Tof]eGbf tNnf]:t/sf] sfd ug{ d'Unfg g} k:g'kg]{ lsg < o:tf] dgf]lj1fgnfO{ s;/L kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsPnf < cfkm\gf] b] z df /f] h uf/L gkfPdf rf/} l t/ cefj}cefjaf6 56kl6O{ lg/fz eO{ lj/lQmP/ lab] l ;Psf g] k fnL emg\ si6s/, cdfgjLo Jojxf/ ;xg afWo eP/ larNnLdf k/]sf] ;dfrf/ 5fkfdf au|]NtL kfOG5 . o;/L tfjfaf6 pDs]sf] df5f e'ª\uf| ]df k/]/ t8\lkPsf] rl/tfy{ ToxfF kfOG5 . ToxL k];f :jb]zdf ubf{ / ljb]zdf ubf{ ;dfhsf] / JolQmsf] x]/fOdf km/s x'gfsf] sf/0f s] xf] < xfd|f] lzIffn] lab]l;g] hgzlQmnfO{ :jb]zdf g} k|of]u ug{ s] ug'{knf{ < /f]huf/L / ljsf;sf ;DefjgfaLr k/:k/ ;dGjo u/L zL3| sfof{Gjog ug{ ljnDa eO;s]sf] 5 . lj/lQmP/ lab]l;Psf o'jf hgzlQmsf] ;Lk, >d / zlQm cfkm\g} b]zdf vkt ug]{ gLlt tyf /0fgLlt gagfpGh]n k/lge{tfsf] lgolt ef] U g' s f] ljsNk 5} g .
;+ljwfgsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog tyf ;d[4, :jfledfg / ;zQm g]kfn agfpg ;a} bnaLr ;b\efj, ;xof]u, ;xsfo{, ;dGjo, ;dLIff / :jfldTjsf] jftfj/0f cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . d"v{ k/]/ r]T5, a'l4dfg b]v]/ r]T5 eg]em}+, ^ dlxgfcl3 uPsf] ljgfzsf/L dxfe"sDkn] wghgsf] csNkgLo Iflt eP tfklg o;af6 ;a} ldn] / ;+ l jwfg agfpg] r] t bnx¿nfO{ v'n]sf] lyof] . To:t} ef/tn] u/] s f] clxn] s f] x] k fxf k| j [ l tsf] gfsfaGbLnfO{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf lnP/ b]zleq /x]sf k|fs[lts ;|f]t–;fwgsf] Jojl:yt ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/g'k5{ . clxn]sf] ljifd kl/l:yltdf hgtfdf :jfledfgL /fli6«otfsf] efjgf k|an ePsf] 5 . kmnfd tft]sf] a]nfdf lk6\gfn] dfq gofF :j¿k k|bfg ug{ ;lsG5 eg] h:t} /fli6«otfk|lt pef/ ePsf] o; hgefjgfnfO{ ;/sf/n] ljsf;df ax'cfolds Joj:yfkg u/L cfkm\gf] s' z ntf b] v fpg ;s] km] l / klg clxn]sf] h:tf] k/fjnDaL lg/Lxtf eljiodf bf]xf]l/g] lyPg . hnljB't\df ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf] b]z eP/ klg nf]8;]l8ªsf] rsf]{ si6 vKg'kg]{, b]zleq} ;xh} ;fdfGo nufgLaf6 pTkfbg x'g] s[lifhGo j:t'df klg ljb]zsf] e/ kg'{kg]{, ;:tf]df h8La'6L ljb]z k7fP/ dxFuf] cf}iflw ljb]zaf6 cfoft ug]{nufotsf k/lge{/tfd'vL cN5L ultljlwnfO{ lg?T;flxt u/]/ cfTdlge{ / x' g clxn] s f] gfsfaGbLnfO{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf pkof]u ul/g' a'l4dfgL x'G5 . -n] v s ljutdf g' j fsf] 6 sf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L lyP ._ karki.babukaji@yahoo.com
/;'jfu9L–s]?ª gfsf Jojl:yt agfpm l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tn] cfly{s gfsfaGbL u/]kl5 b]zdf OGwgsf] 7"nf] ;ª\s6 cfOk/]sf] 5 . jiff}{+b]lv ef/tdfly lge{/ /x]sf] g]kfnsf] OGwg cfk"lt{ ;xh gx'Fbf kfgLlagfsf] df5f]em}F g]kfnL 56kl6Psf] cj:yf 5 . g]kfnsf] of] cj:yf b]v]/ csf{ l5d]sL /fi6« rLgn] cg'bfg:j¿k OGwg lbg] eP tfklg Nofpg] af6f] ;xh gx'Fbf yk si6 ef]Ug g]kfnL ljjz 5g\ . pQ/L ;Ldfsf gfsfdWo] /;'jfu9L–s]?ª gfsfaf6 cg'bfg:j¿k k|fKt x'g] OGwg Nofpg] sfd ;'? ePsf] 5 . t/, kf;fªNxfd' /fhdfu{sf] /fDr]b]lv w'Gr]aLrsf] ;8sv08 cToGt} hf]lvdk"0f{ 5 . w]/} 7fpFdf klx/f] uPsf 5g\ . jiff{t\sf] ;dodf 6\ofª\s/n] of] af6f]af6 OGwg af]Sg yk sl7g x' g ]5 . :ofk| m ' a ];Lb]lv /;' j fu9L;Ddsf] ;8s ;fF 3 ' / f] x' g ' s f] ;fy} sfnf]kq] u/]sf] 5}g . j}zfv dlxgfdf uPsf] dxfe"sDkn] of] v08df kg]{ ;8s dflyaf6 ;'Svfklx/f] v;]/ 7fpF7fpFdf lalu|Psf 5g\ . To;sf/0f hlt ldl8ofdf …rLgaf6 OGwg cfof]Ú elg/x]sf 5g\ Jojxf/df 9'Ss x'g g;s]sf] oyfy{tf of] xf] . lsgeg] cvaf/df n]lvPsf] ;dfrf/ k9]h:tf] / 6]lnlehgsf] ;dfrf/df x]/]h:tf] OGwg Nofpg] sfd ;8ssf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ gx'Gh]n ;lhnf] x'g] 5}g . vf;u/L /;'jfu9L;Ddsf] ;8s ;fF3/' f] 5 . 7fpF7fpFdf klx/f] uPsf 5g\ . u|fe]n u/]sf] ;8s, eL/kfvf . eL/dflysf] ;8saf6 tn x]bf{ l/Fu6f rNg] . o:tf] ;8saf6 b}lgs ;of}F dfnafxs uf8L u'8fpg} ;lsGg . u'8fof] eg] ;8s b'36{ gfsf] hf]lvd a9\g ;S5 . ctM ;/sf/n] of] gfsf k|of]u u/]/ lrlgofF ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgdf k|fKt OGwg NofpgnfO{ klg t'?Gt} ;8ssf] rf}8fO a9fpg], :t/f]Gglt ug]{ / sfnf]kq] ul/xfNg'k5{ . cg'bfgdf k|fKt OGwg Nofpg dfq of] gfsf k|of]u ug]{ xf]Og . ef]lnsf lbgdf cfOkg{ ;Sg] ;Defljt o:t} vfnsf ;d:of xn ug{ klg cGt/f{li6«o dfu{ hf]8\g] ;'/lIft / j}slNks af6f] tof/L cj:yfdf x'gk' 5{ . vf]nv } f]nf
km'kf{ tfdfª eP/ a]qfjtLb]lv :ofk|m'a];L hf]8\g] ;8snfO{ tLj|tfsf ;fy lgdf{0f ug'k{ 5{ . OGwg cefjn] ;x/–ahf/df uf8L u'8\g] ;ª\Vof la:tf/} 36\b} uPsf] 5 . ;8sdf uf8Lsf] ;ª\Vof Go"g b]Vbf @)%) ;fncl3sf] sf7df8f}s + f] emNsf] lbG5 . Tolta]nf ;8sdf clxn]sf] hlt uf8L lyPg . a? ;fOsn b]lvGYof] . of] ;d:of ca /fhwfgL ;x/df dfq xf]Og lhNnflt/ pGd'v 5 . oftfoftsf ;fwg grNbf cfphfp ug{ sl7g x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . OGwg ;ª\s6sf] c;/ k|efj ;8sdf dfq ;Lldt /x]g . 3/sf] r'Nxf]df k'u]sf] 5 . w]/}sf] 3/df Uof; 5}g . l;lnG8/ l/lQPsf 5g\ . d§Lt]n kfpg] s'/} ePg . u[lx0fLx¿nfO{ s;/L vfgf ksfpg] eGg] ;d:of 5 . xf]6]nx¿df vfgf kfSg 5f]8]sf] 5 . ko{6g Joj;fo w/fzfoL ePsf] 5 . ls;fgsf] pAhgL ahf/;Dd k'Ug kfPsf] 5}g . c:ktfndf w]/} k|sf/sf cf}iflw kfOg 5f]8s ] f 5g\ . clS;hgsf] l;lnG8/ l/Qf] 5 . ahf/df ;/;fdfg kfpg 5f]8]sf 5g\ . kfP klg dxFuf] . ljBfno aGb ePsf 5g\ . c8\8f cbfnt / ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿df sd{rf/Lx¿ ;dodf k'lu/x]sf] 5}g . ahf/df OGwg -k] 6 « f ] n / l8h] n _sf] sfnf]ahf/L laulauL 5 . dxFuf] lt/] klg z'4
OGwg kfOFb}g . tf/k]G6 / hLjghn ld;fP/ klg a]Rg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;jf/L sfg'gsf] pNnª\3g a9\bf] 5 . t}klg cfjZostfn] sfg'g hfGb}g eg]em}F 6«flkms k|x/L / ;'/IffsdL{ r'k a:g afWo 5g\ . of] gfsfaGbLsf] gsf/fTds c;/ sfg'g sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfob]lv afnaflnsfsf] vf]k sfo{qmd;Dd km}lnFb} uPsf] 5 . o;sf/0f, ;/sf/n] ;fFRr} b]zjf;LnfO{ of] ;ª\s6af6 clnslt eP klg l56f]eGbf l56f] /fxt lbg] xf] eg] /;'jf9L;Ddsf] ;8s ;'wf/sf nflu t'?Gt sfd yfNg'k5{ . 7fpF7fpFdf :sfe]6/ /fv]/ klx/f] kG5fP/ ofq'a; / ;fgf uf8LnfO{ 8f] h /n] tfl/lbPh:tf] u/L OGwg af] S g] 6\ofª\s/x¿nfO{ tfg{–t/fpg ;lsGg . b'O{ l5d]sL /fi6«x¿;Fu s;/L c;n ldqtfsf] ;DaGw :yflkt ug]{ / ePsf] ;DaGwnfO{ lj:tf/ ug]{ eGg] s'/f klg 5 . b'j} l5d]sL;Fu s;/L ;Gt'lnt / ldqjt\ Jojxf/ ug]{ eGg] klg x'G5 . PsnfO{ v';L kfg{ csf]{nfO{ a]v;' L agfpg] gLlt ;/sf/n] lng'xF'b}g . t/, ef/t ;/sf/n] o;kfln dfq geP/ o;cl3 klg tLgk6s g]kfnlj?4 cfly{s gfsfaGbL ul/;s]sf] x'gfn] o;k6snfO{ eP klg clGtd kf7sf] ¿kdf lnP/ ;f]xLcg';f/ cfkm\gf] /fi6« ;~rfng ug{ / cfdgful/ssf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ cleefjssf] x}l;otn] ;w}F /Iff ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ tof/ x'gk' 5{ . /fhwfgLaf6 glhssf] b" / Ldf /x] s f] P]ltxfl;s / k'/ftflTjs dxTj af]s]sf] /;'jfu9L gfsfnfO{ t'?Gt} Jojl:yt ug'{ h?/L 5 . olb ;/sf/n] d'v dfq ehfpg], t/ s]xL gug]{ jf l9nf;':tL ug{ nfUof] eg] /;'jfjf;L Psh'6 eO{ ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg' k 5{ . To;sf] g] t [ T j hgk|ltlglwn] u/f];\ . /fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo g]tf ;a} Ps 7fpFdf plePsf] xf];\ . s] xfd|f g]tfx¿ ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg tof/ xf]nfg\ < t}klg of] Pp6f gfsfaf6 Nofpg] OGwgn] dfq b]zsf] OGwfg ;ª\s6 df]rg eg] x'g] 5}g . phurpatamang10@gmail.com
laxLaf/, dª\l;/ #, @)&@
sf7df8f}–+ /;'jfu9L ;8s lgdf{0f / :t/f]Gglt ug{ dfu
ljb'/ . ;/sf/n] rLgaf6 OGwg Nofpg k| o f] u ul/Psf] /;' j fsf] /;'jfu9L gfsf;Dd k'Ug] ;8s ;'wf/ Pjd\ :t/f]Ggltsf nflu ;8s ljefu / ef} l ts k" j f{ w f/ tyf oftfoft dGqfnodf k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}+–uN5L–/;'jfu9L Ps ;o ^$ lsnf] l d6/ ;8sdWo] sf7df8f}+b]lv uN5L %$ lsnf]ld6/ ;8s b'O{ n]g eP klg uN5Lb]lv /;'jfu9L;Dd Ps ;o !) lsnf]ld6/ ;8s Ps n]gsf] ePsfn] OGwg 9'jfgLnufot oftfoft ;~rfngdf klg ;d:of ePsf] dWodf~rn If]qLo ;8s lgb]{zgfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . o;dWo] klg /;'jfsf] /fDr]b]lv d"nvs{;Ddsf] ^ lsnf]ld6/ ;8sdf jif]{gL 7"nf–
7"nf klx/f] uO/xg] ePsfn] sfnf]kq ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . oxL :yfgdf sflQs !& ut] d+unaf/ ofq'afxs a; b'3{6gf x'Fbf #& hgf ofq'sf] lgwg ePsf] lyof] . /;'jfu9L;Dd k'Ug] 5f]6f] b"/Lsf cGo b'O{ dfu{ eP klg b'j} dfu{ aGb} u/]sfn] OGwgsf 6\ofª\s/ ;~rfngsf nflu ;xh gePsf] ;8s l8lehg sfof{no g'jfsf]6n] hgfPsf] 5 . 6f]vf– uf]v]{e~Hofª–5x/] x'Fb} lqz"nL k'Ug] &^ lsnf]ld6/ ;8sdWo] Pp6f dfu{sf] :t/f] G glt ug{ ;lsP s] ? ªaf6 g]kfnleq OGwg 9'jfgL ug{ ;xh x'g] l8lehg ;8s sfof{no g'jfsf]6sf k|dv ' /f]lxts'df/ la;'/fnn] atfP . lqz"nLaf6 /;'jfu9L;Ddsf] &^
lsnf]ld6/ b"/Ldf klg 6«Øfs vf]lnFb} u/]sf] a]qfjtL–d}nª' –:ofk|ma' ];L;Ddsf] #) lsnf]ld6/ b"/Ldf g]kfnL ;]gf / To;} qmddf lgdf{0ffwLg xfO8«f]kfj/ ;~rfnsn] @@ lsnf]ld6/ 6«Øfs vf]Ng] sfd ePsf]n] afFsL cf7 lsnf]ld6/sf] sfd ug{ ;lsP cem sd b"/Ldf /;'jfu9L gfsf k'Ug ;lsG5 . of] dfu{sf] pkof]u ug{ ;lsP ;w}F klx/f] hfg] / jif]{gL b'36{ gf x'g] /fDr]sf] ;8s klg 5Ng ;lsg] k|dv ' la;'/fnn] atfP . clxn] ;8sdf klx/f] kG5fpg] ;fwg;lxt @$ ;} 3G6f ;8s ;'wf/sf nflu hgzlQm kl/rfng ul/Psf] klg pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . OGwg Nofpg] 6\ofª\s/ cf]xf]/bf]xf]/ x'g;Sg] u/L ;8s rf}8f agfpg] sfd lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf]
ko{6s k7fOlbg nfª6fªjf;Lsf] cfu|x ;/:jtL Gof}kfg]
/;' j f . e" s Dkkl5 z" G otf 5fPsf] lxdfnL If]qdf ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu k|rf/–k|;f/sf sfo{qmd cufl8 a9fpg :yfgLo ;/f] s f/jfnfn] ;/sf/;Fu cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . e"sDkkl5 lj:yflkt ePsf ;a} nfª6fªjf;L cfkm\ g f] yftynf] d f :yflkt eO{ ;xh a;f] j f;sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ yfln;s]sfn] lxdfnL b[ Z ofjnf] s g ug{ nfª6fª cfpg] ko{6ssf nflu ;xh alg/x]sfn] ;/sf/L Pjd\ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfon] Wofg lbg'kg]{ gful/s ;dfh /;'jfsf cWoIf afa'nfn tfdfªn] atfP . k| f s[ l ts ljkt\ k l5 eTs] s f af6f] ko{ 6 g af] 8 { d fkm{ t lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt /;' j fn] pkef] Q mf ;ldltåf/f dd{t;Def/ u/fO;s]sfn] k}bndfu{ ;xh ag]sf] 5 . :ofk|'ma];L, vflDhª, z]kf{ufpF, l;Dr] x' F b } nfª6fªsf] SofGh] g sf nflu SoflDkª a;fOdfkm{t ;xh ¿kn] cfjt–hfjt ug{ ;lsg] nfª6fª k'glg{df{0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf t]Daf tfdfªn] atfP . utjif{ of] ;dodf emG8} ;ftb]lv c7f/ xhf/ ko{6sn] nfª6fª If]qsf] e|d0f uy]{ eg] e"sDkkl5 /fxtsf nflu ;xof]u ug{ hfg] kmf6km'6 ko{6s dfq
nfª6fªjf;LnfO{ x]lnsf]K6/af6 h:tf 9'jfgL] /;'jf . nfª6fªjf;Lsf] k'gjf{;sf nflu cfjf; lgdf{0f ug{ w'Gr]b]lv nfª6fª / Sofªh]g pkTosf;Dd x]lnsf]K6/af6 h:tfkftf 9'jfgL ul/Psf] 5 . cf]Pd u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf ut sflQs @& ut] efO6Lsfsf] lbg lkm:6]n Po/sf] x]lnsf]K6/af6 rf/ p8fg e/L h:tf 9'jfgL ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L pQm lbg lkm:6]n Po/af6 nfª6fªsf bfjf tfdfªn] cfkm\gf] nufgLdf b'O{ p8fgaf6 h:tf 9'jfgL u/fPsf lyP . o;cl3 sf]l/og gful/ssf] ;xof]udf nfª6fªsf g]?ª tfdfªn] b'O{ ;o !^ 3/kl/jf/sf nflu ljt/0f ug{ k|ltkl/jf/ !) kftfsf b/n] x]lnsf]K6/af6 h:tfkftf nu]sf lyP . nfª6fª If]qdf lxdkftsf] ;do cfO;s]sfn] lxdkftcufl8 g} cfjf; agfpg] sfo{df ;xof]usf nflu cfu|x ul/Psf] nfª6fª k'glg{df{0f ;ldltsf cWoIf t]Daf tfdfªn] atfP . pgL clxn] ;fdflhs pTyfgsf nflu cxf]/fq vl6/x]sf 5g\ . nfª6fª If]qsf] pTyfgsf nflu cf]Pd ;+:yfn] 7"nf] ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . pQm ;+:yfsf] ;xof]un] x]lnsf]K6/af6 lj:yflkt ;a} nfª6fªjf;L cfkm\gf] yftynf]df kms{g ;xh ePsf] gful/s ;dfh /;'jfsf cWoIf afa'nfn tfdfªn] atfP . klxnf] n6sf] h:tf nfg] sfd eof], ca bf];f| ] n6sf] h:tf x]lnsf]K6/af6 9'jfgL ug]{ qmd cufl8 a9]sf] cf]Pdn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . nfª6fª /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] tYofª\scg';f/ xfn;Dd Ps xhf/ Ps ;o %^ hgf ko{6s dfq k| j ] z u/] s f 5g\ . tLdWo] clwsf+z uf];fOFs'08 / tfdfª ;Dkbf dfu{df dfq s]lGb|t /x]sf lyP . s]xL ;docl3 g]b/NofG8sf]
gful/s lnP/ ;'Gb/Lhn–uf];fOFs'08– w'Gr] cfOk'u]sf ;ld6 6«]ssf bfjf 6f;L z]kf{n] eg] uf];fOFs'08 k}bndfu{ cToGt} ;'/lIft /x]sfn] ko{6ssf nflu ;Gb] z lbg ;/sf/L lgsfo / ;~rf/sdL{n] k|rf/–k|;f/df ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .
g]kfn a}s+ ln= g'jfsf]6 zfvf pTs[i6 /fds[i0f v8\sf ljb'/ . g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] &(cf}F jif{ k|jz ] sf] cj;/df Ps ;o @$ zfvfdWo] g'jfsf]6 zfvfnfO{ pTs[i6 zfvfsf] ¿kdf 5gf]6 u/]sf] 5 . g] k fndf cfw' l gs a} + l sª k|0ffnLsf] Oltxf; lgdf{0f u/L g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ cfwf/e"t a}+lsª ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] g]kfnsf] lghL If]qsf] cu|0fL a}+s g]kfn a}+s ln=n] :yfkgfsf] &* jif{ k"/f u/]sf] 5 . g'jfsf]6df )!* df :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn a+s } ln=n] ;'?df lqz"nLahf/af6 ;]jf ;'? u/]sf] lyof] . a}s + sf] ! ;o @$ zfvfdWo] If]qLo:t/df …uÚ ju{sf] zfvfdWo] o; jif{ pTs[i6 zfvfsf] ¿kdf g'jfsf]6 zfvf 5gf]6 ePsf] a}s + n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ut cfly{ s jif{ d f g' j fsf] 6 zfvfn] Ps ca{ $$ s/f]8 lgIf]k ;ª\sng u/L lhNnfdf #% s/f]8 ?k}ofF shf{ nufgL u/]sf] lyof] . @% xhf/
lgIf]k ;ª\Vof /x]sf] zfvfn] clwsf+z ;dodf ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ / k]G;g ljt/0f ;]jfdf Jo:t /x] klg ut cf=j=df Ps s/f]8 #$ nfv ?k}ofF v'b gfkmf sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . g'jfsf]6 zfvfn] rNtL, art, d'2tL / sn lgIf]k, ;lhnf] shf{, Jofkfl/s shf{, JolQmut shf{, 3/ shf{, uf8L shf{, z}lIfs shf{, ;]o/
shf{, sd{rf/L shf{, xfo/ kr]{h shf{, ;'g shf{nufot cg'bfg;lxt s[lif shf{ k|bfg ul//x]sf] zfvf k|aGws ;Gtf]if Gof}kfg]n] hfgsf/L lbP . cem g'jfsf]6 zfvfaf6 ;]jfx¿ l56f]–5l/tf] k|jfx u/L u|fxsnfO{ ;Gt'li6 lbg] k| l ta4tf pgn] JoQm u/] . a} + s g'jfsf]6sf] Jofj;flos ultljlw j[l4 ug{ nflu/x]sf];d]t pgn] atfP .
b]jsf]6fsf] ;Demgfdf sljtf jfrg b'O{kLkn . dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f ;flxTo k|lti7fg b'O{kLknn] dxfslj nIdLk| ; fb b] j sf] 6 fsf] !)&cf} F hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/df sflQs @% ut] sljtf jfrg k|ltof]lutf u/L b]jsf]6fsf] :d/0f u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{ q mddf ;l/tf
ltjf/L, snf cg'/fuL, ceo >]i7, lr/~hLjL nfld5fg], gf/fo0f g]kfn, s]bf/ g]kfn, k|ldnf bfxfn, ;Ltf b'nfn, t]hgfy vltj8fnufotsf ;|i6fx¿n] sljtf jfrg u/]sf lyP . k|lti7fgn] g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTodf of]ubfg k'¥ofPafkt lrtjg k|ultzLn
n] v s ;ª\ 3 sf cWoIf ;l/tf ltjf/LnfO{ ;Ddfg u¥of] . sfo{ q mddf ;flxTok| ] d L, ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfsf k|ltlglw, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jLnufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] b]jsf]6f ;flxTo k|lti7fg b'O{kLknsf cWoIf s]bf/ g]kfnn] hfgsf/L lbP .
5 . ;8s b'O{ n]g agfpg ljefu / dGqfno;Fu kqfrf/ eO;s]sf] klg pgn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . dGqfnosf ;lrj uh]Gb|s'df/ 7fs'/n] /;'jfu9L–sf7df8f}+nfO{ rLgn] …6«]8 ?6Úsf ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ nfu]sfn] :ofk|m' a];L;Dd b'O{ n]g ;8s agfOlbg] ljifodf jftf{ eO/x]sf] v'nf;f u/]sf 5g\ . a] q fjtLaf6 lqz" n Lsf] lsgf/}lsgf/sf] ;8snfO{ k"0f{tf lbP/ ;8snfO{ 5f]6f] agfpg] u[xsfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . of] ;8ssf] cf7 lsnf]ld6/ ;8s 6« Ø fs vf] N g afF s L 5 . o;kl5 sf7df8f}s + f] b"/L Ps ;o #) lsnf]ld6/ dfq x'G5 . ;f9] tLg 3G6fdf of] ;8sdfu{af6 sf7df8f}+ k'lug] ePsfn] o;nfO{ ;a} If]qn] cf; ul//x]sf 5g\ .
tLg s[ifs ;Ddflgt ljb'/ . g'jfsf]6sf tLghgf ls;fgnfO{ #%cf}F ljZj vfB lbj;sf] cj;/df lhNnf:t/Lo /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . …s[lif / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff–ul/aL 36fpg] k|lta4tfÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy dgfOPsf] ljZj vfB lbj;df tLghgf ls;fgnfO{ k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt x'g]x¿df kmnkm"n pTkfbs ls;fg dbfgk'/– ^ sf v8\uk|;fb /}nf, s'v/' fkfns ls;fg rfpy]– ^ sf hLjgk|;fb lwtfn / t/sf/L pTkfbs ls;fg ;'gvfgL– ^ sf ;Gtaxfb'/ 8ª\uf]n /z]sf lyP . pgLx¿nfO{ !) xhf/ ?k}ofF;lxt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . lhNnfsf Jofj;flos ¿kdf s[lif kmfd{ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf ls;fgaf6 5gf]6 ePsf tLghgf ls;fgnfO{ k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf k|d'v sdn/fh u}/]n] atfP . pgn] s[lif k];fnfO{ x]nf ug]{ ePsfn] o; k];fnfO{ Jofj;flos agfpg dGqfnoaf6 g} ljleGg k|sf/sf k|f]T;fxgd"ns sfo{qmd tyf ;Ddfg ul/Fb} cfPsf] atfP o:t}, sfo{qmddf ljZj vfB lbj;sf] cj;/df …s[lif / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff–ul/aL 36fpg] k|lta4tfÚ zLif{sdf ul/Psf] lhNnfsf dfWolds ljBfno:t/Lo lgaGw k|ltof]lutfsf ljhoLnfO{ klg k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . lgaGw k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i6 x'g]df lqe'jg lqz"nL pdflj lqz"nLsf 8f]Ndf nfdf, k]Daf nfdf, If]qkfn pdflj rf}38fsf ;'dg kl08t / u|fdL0f dfWolds laBfno ;'gvfgLsf c~hgL tfdfªnfO{ ;}lIfs ;fdu|L k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
#
5f]6s/L ;dfrf/
d'l:nd klg b]p;L–e}nf]df ljb'/ . wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf a9fpg cfu|x ub}{ g'jfsf]6df d'l:nd wdf{jnDaLx¿n] lxGb"x¿;Fu} o;kflnsf] ltxf/ dgfPsf 5g\ . ltxf/sf] /f}gs a9fpg d'l:nd ;d'bfosf o'jf ;xefuL ePsf lyP . ljb'/ gu/kflnsfsf] lqz"nL, sf]nf]gL, xfQLuf}F8f, b]jL3f6 / a]qfjtLsf a:tLdf d';ndfg ;d'bfosf o'jf lxGb" o'jf;Fu;Fu} b]p;Le}nf] v]Ng uPsf lyP . ltxf/df vf;u/L o'jfn] ug]{ /dfOnf]df lxGb" / O:nfd o'jf a/fa/L b]lvg] u/]sf] lqz"nLsf k/j]h vfgn] atfP . ltxf/df O:nfd wdf{jnDaL o'jfsf] ;xeflutfn] cfk;L ;b\efj j[l4df ;xof]u k'u]sf] lqe'jg lqz"nL pdflj lqz"nLsf lzIfs–cleefjs ;ª\3sf cWoIf ln8/ >]i7 atfPsf 5g\ . Ob'nlkmq, Ob–pn–hf]xf, d'x/{d / ;j]a/fth:tf cfkm\gf kj{df lxGb" o'jfsf] x'g] ;lqmo ;xeflutfn] cfkm"x¿nfO{ lxGb"n] dgfpg] rf8af8df klg ;xefuL x'g k|]l/t u/]sf] d';ndfg o'jfsf] egfO 5 . Pp6} a:tLsf afl;Gbf ePsfn] Ps–csf{sf] kj{df ;xefuL x'Fbf ;fdflhs ;DaGw k|uf9 eO{ cfk;L ;xof]u a9fpg d2t k'u]sf] a§f/sf cdhb vfgn] atfP . k':tf}+b]lv g'jfsf]6sf] ljleGg :yfgx¿df a;f]jf; ub}{ cfPsf d'l:nd ;d'bfo lxGb" tyf af}4 wdf{jnDaLx¿sf] kj{df klg ;l/s x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . ;fy} pgLx¿nfO{ klg k/Dk/fut kj{df cGo wdf{jnDaLx¿n] ;fy / ;xof]u lbO/x]sf 5g\ .
/;'jfu9Laf6 s/f]8f}s “ f] ;fdfg cfp“b} /;'jfu9L . e"sDkkl5 cfoft–lgof{t 7Kk ePsf] /;'jfu9L gfsf k'gM ;'rf? ePkl5 eG;f/ /fh:j j[l4 x'g yfn]sf] 5 . /;'jf eG;f/ sfof{nosf lgldQ k|dv ' bL3{aGw' ;'j]bLsf cg';f/ ut c;f]h @( ut]af6 gfsf ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 k]6f« l] nod kbfy{ / :ofpsf] cfoftaf6 tLg s/f]8 &( nfv cf7 xhf/ ^ ;o @% ?k}ofF /fh:j ;ª\sng ePsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] o; cjlwdf !* s/f]8 (# nfv %$ xhf/ /fh:j ;ª\sng ePsf] lyof] . s]?ªaf6 Ps ;o @) 6\ofª\s/ k]6f« l] nod kbfy{ g]kfn lelq;s]sf];d]t lgldQ eG;f/ k|dv ' ;'j]bLn] hfgsf/L lbP . Nxf;faf6 s]?ª;Dd Ps ca{eGbf a9Lsf] /]l8d]6 sk8f, n;'gnufot ljB'tLo ;fdu|L e08f/0f eO;s]sfn] 9'jfgLsf nflu g]kfnL sG6]g/ s]?ª k7fpg] sfd eO/x]sf] g]kfn–rLg s]?ª Jofkf/ ;ª\3sf ;lrj d'sG' b kf}8n ] n] atfP .
z'el] go/sf] ##cf}“ jflif{sf]T;j ;DkGg a§f/ . g'jfsf]6sf] pTs[i6 lghL ljBfnodWo]df kg]{ lhNnfs} k'/fgf] :s'n z'e]lgo/ af]l8{ª :s'nsf] ##cfF} jflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf e'jgnfn /fhe08f/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cu{gfOh];g g]kfn -KofA;g_ s]Gb|Lo sfo{afxs dxf;lrj /fh]Gb| aflgofFn] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . ;f] cj;/df pgn] g'jfsf]6sf] lzIffsf] If]qdf z'e]lgo/ :s'nn] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] k|z+;f u/] . lghL ljBfnonfO{ ;/sf/n] x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f ;sf/fTds gePsf], lghL ljBfnonfO{ pBf]usf] ¿kdf dfGotf glbg], t/ /fh:j c;'nLdf ;lqmo /xg] kl/kf6Lsf] cGTo /xg'kg]{ wf/0ff k|d'v cltly aflgofFn] atfP . jflif{sf]Tj; sfo{qmddf ljleGGf ;ª\3;+:yfsf k|d'v Pjd\ k|ltlglw, ljleGg ljBfnosf k|WofgfWofks, :yfgLo lzIffk|]dL, ;dfh;]jLnufotsfsf] pNn]vgLo ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
;+lugf ;xfos d'Vo k|lzIfs ljb'/ . g'jfsf]6sL cf]nlDkog v] n f8L ;+ l ugf j} B nfO{ /fli6« o v]ns'b kl/ifb\n] t]SjfGbf]sf] ;xfos d'Vo k|lzIfssf] lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] 5 . /fli6« o v] n s' b kl/ifb\ s f] ;b:o;lrj:t/Lo lg0f{oaf6 pgnfO{ ut xKtf ;xfos d'Vo k|lzIfsf] lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ef/tsf] u'xf6L / l;nf]ªdf cfof]hgf x'g] !@cf}F blIf0f Pl;ofnL v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf tyf l/of] b h]gl] /of]df cfof]hgf x'g] #!cf}F l/of] cf]nlDks k|ltof]lutfdf pgnfO{ ;xfos k|lzIfssf] lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] 5 . t]SjfGbf] v]nsL Ps ;kmn v]nf8L tyf k|lzIfssf] ¿kdf :yflkt ug{ ;kmn j}BnfO{ lbOPsf] lhDd]jf/Ln] cfufdL lbgdf g]kfnn] ;fkm / cf]nlDksdf kbs xfl;n ug{ ;Ifd v]nf8L pTkfbgdf d2t k'Ug] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . lgo'lQmkq a'em\b} j}Bn] /fHo tyf /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb\n] cfkm"nfO{ ljZjf; ub}{ h'g lhDd]jf/L k|bfg u/]sf] 5 To;n] yk lhDd]jf/Lsf] dx;'; u/]sf] / To;nfO{ sfod /fVg s'g} s;/ afFsL g/fVg] atfPsL l5g\ . ;+lugf j}B g'jfsf]6sf] lqz"nL ahf/df hlGdPsL x'g\ . pgsf] ljBfno txsf] lzIff lqe'jg lqz"nL pdfljaf6 k"/f ePsf] lyof] .
laxLaf/, dª\l;/ #, @)&@
s/bftf ;]jf sfof{non] s/ lbj; dgfpg] sf7df8f}+ . /fli6«o s/ lbj;, @)&@ ;KtfxJofkL ¿kdf dgfpg] qmddf …;d[4 /fi6« lgdf{0f / km/flsnf] s/fwf/ M s/bftfd}qL Pjd\ ;'b[9 s/ k|0ffnL k"jf{wf/Ú eGg] d"n gf/f;lxt dª\l;/ ! ut] cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf] cfof]hgfdf d"n ;df/f]x ;DkGg eof] . cy{dGqL lji0f'k;| fb kf}8]nsf] k|dv ' cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] pQm ;df/f]xdf pTs[i6 s/bftf, pTs[i6 sd{rf/L tyf pTs[i6 s/ ;xefuLnfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . :yfgLo:t/df s/ lbj; dgfpg] ;Gbe{ d f s/bftf ;] j f sfof{ n o, afnfh'n] klg ;KtfxJofkL ¿kdf ljleGg sfo{qmd to u/]sf] 5 . lxhf] a'waf/ klxnf] ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ sfo{qmdcGtu{t s/bftf xl/z/0f l/dfn, d'Qmz]if :6f]/, ljb'/–$ a§f/ g'jfsf]6nfO{ km"ndfnf / cla/;lxt k| d ' v s/ clws[ t gf/fo0fk| ; fb e08f/Ln] ;Ddfg u/] . dª\l;/ # ut] s/bftf ;]jf sfof{no afnfh'sf] sfo{If]qcGtu{tsf :yfgLo gfufh'{g
Jofkf/ ;ª\3, xf]6]n ;ª\3, v'bf| Jofkf/ ;ª\3nufotsf j:t'ut ;ª\3;+:yfsf k| l tlglw / n] v f Joj;foLsf] ;xeflutfdf cfly{s P]g, @)&@ n] lbPsf ;'ljwf, s/ sfg'gdf ePsf ;+ z f] w g tyf s/;DaGwL ljleGg ljifodf cGt/lqmof sfo{ q mdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L dª\l;/ $ ut] g'jfsf]6 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3 / s/bftf ;]jf sfof{no, afnfh'sf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf :yfgLo pBf]uL, Jofkf/L, ;/sf/L sfof{ n o tyf
b'O{ lhlj;sf] ;+oQ ' m a}7s ljb'/ . g'jfsf]6 / /;'jfdf ;~rfng x'g] ;femf ;/f]sf/sf of]hgf / ljifodf d+unaf/ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;+oQ' m a}7s ljb'/df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt g'jfsf]6 / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt /;'jfsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L;lxt k|fljlws sfof{nosf OlGhlgo/;lxtsf] a}7s a;L b'j} lhNnfdf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] of]hgf / ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] xf] . a}7sdf g'jfsf]6sf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L gf/fo0f l/;fn / /;'jfsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L lji0f'k;| fb sf]O/fnf ;xefuL ePsf lyP . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnLsf] lgod @ ;o &# cg';f/ :yfgLo lgsfo ;+oQ' m ;ldlt u7g ug{ kfpg] / b'j} lhNnfsf] ;femf ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf lg0f{o / sfof{Gjog ug]{ clwsf/
lbPsf] 5 . ;f]xL k|fjwfgcg';f/ ;DkGg a}7sn] afu]Zj/L pn]g{ L ;8scGtu{t g'jfsf]6–af]xf]/]eGHofª ;8s v08 tTsfn dd{t u/L ;~rfngdf Nofpg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . of] ;8sn] g'jfsf]6sf] afu]Zj/L, nRofª, xNb]sflnsf, pn]g{ L, u]vn {' ufotsf uflj;;lxt /;'jfsf] of;f{, ;/dynL uflj;sf gful/snfO{ k|ToIf kmfObf k'Ug] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt g'jfsf]6sf sfo{qmd clws[t k'is/ zdf{ l/dfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . a}7sn] lgdf{0ffwLg lqz"nL y|L P hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf] ;|f]t pkof]u s/sf] ljifodf klg b'j} lhNnfn] ;+oQ' m lg0f{o u/]/ cl3 a9\g] ePsf 5g\ . a}7sdf b'j} lhNnfsf] k|fs[lts ;|ft] sf] afF8kmfF8, ljsf; lgdf{0fnufotsf ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .
;ª\3;+:yfsf] ;lqmotfdf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf]n] :yfgLo ;Dk" 0 f{ pBf] u L, Jofkf/L, n] v f Joj;foLnfO{ pkl:yltsf nflu cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L dª\l;/ % ut] /;'jfsf s/bftf;Fu cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd /x]sf] k|d'v s/ clws[t e08f/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . dª\l;/ ^ / & ut] cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf] ;dGjodf :yfgLo s/bftf tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;Ddfg;lxt ;dfkg sfo{qmd /x]sf] hfgsf/L k|dv ' e08f/Ln] lbP .
hflu/sf] k|nf]egdf anfTsf/ ljb'/ . hflu/sf] k|nf]egdf kf/L anfTsf/ ug]{ g'jfsf]6sf ;'ljg lu/LnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . Ps o'jtLnfO{ hflu/ nufOlbg] eGb} pgn] ut @ sflQsdf uf]+ua'sf] xf]6]ndf k'¥ofO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf x'g\ . vfhf vfP/ hflu/sf] ljifodf s'/f ug]{ eGb} pgn] o'jtLnfO{ u]i6 xfp;df k'¥ofP/ hah{:tL s/0fL u/]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 36gfsf] ef] l nkN6} kLl8t o'jtLn] ph'/L lbP klg k|x/Ln] pgnfO{ ;f]daf/ dfq kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . ;fdfGo lrghfg ePsL o'jtLnfO{ pgn] cfkm"n] w]/} dfG5] lrg]sf] eGb} hflu/ nufOlbg] cfZjf;g lbPsf lyP . k| x /Ln] cleo'Qm lu/LnfO{ df]6/;fOsn gDa/sf] cfwf/df kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . lu/Laf/] yfxf geP klg pgsf] df]6/;fOsn gDa/ ofb u/]sfn] ;f]xL df]6/;fOsnsf] cfwf/df dxfgu/Lo k|x/L j[Q dxf/fhu~hn] pgnfO{ ;f]daf/ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . g]kfnL tf/f u]i6 xfp;df pgn] anfTsf/ u/]sf x'g\ . ;'?df vfhf vfg eg]/ u]i6xfp;df k'¥ofOPsf] / kl5 wfswDsL lbP/ anfTsf/ ul/Psf] kLl8t o'jtLn] atfPsL l5g\ .
ed/fdf ?d 6' l/8n] &% nfv vlr{g] ljb'/ . g'jfsf]6sf] uf]:of{ªdf /x]sf] ed/f lgDgdfWoflds ljBfnodf ?d 6' l/8n] kSsL ejg lgdf{0f ug]{ ePsf] 5 . uf]:of{ª– ( df /x]sf] ljBfno e"sDksf] sf/0f elTsPkl5 ?d 6' l/8n] gofF ejg lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . !) sf]7f gofF / @ sf]7f dd{t u/L !@ sf]7fsf] ejg lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] ?d 6' l/8n] hgfPsf] 5 . !@ sf]7f ejgsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu ?d 6' l/8n] &% nfv ?k}ofF vr{ ug]{ 5 . !@ j}zfvsf] e"sDkn] ljBfnodf /x]sf] !! sIff sf]7f eTsfPkl5 clxn] c:yfoL l;sfO s]Gb|df sIff ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . ?d 6' l/8sf] ;xof]udf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] ljBfno ejgsf nflu sflQs !( ut] lgdf{0f ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . lgdf{0f ;ldltsf] cWoIfdf zdz]/ tfdfª / ;b:ox¿df O{Zj/ cof{n, hLtaxfb'/ tfdfª, ;'s] tfdfª, ;fg'dfof tfdfª, ;f]dtL tfdfª, uLtf l/dfn, ;Gt/fd l/dfn, nf]sgfy l/dfn /x]sf 5g\ . ?d 6' l/8sf lhNnf OGrfh{ ;'zLn ltldN;]gf / ;xhstf{ ch'{g yfkfsf] pkl:yltdf ePsf] e]nfn] lgdf{0f ;ldlt u7g ePsf] xf] . ljBfno ejgsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ dª\l;/ klxnf] ;ftfaf6 ;'? x'g] k|wfgfWofks O{Zj/ cof{nn] atfP .
/]l8of] 8fo/L ljJo; u7g bfªl;ª . g'jfsf]6sf] bfªl;ª ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f gDa/ b'O{df /x]sf] k~rldng snfb]jL lgDgdfWolds ljBfnosf] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] u7g ePsf] 5 . cleefjsx¿sf] a[xt\ e]nfn] ;j{;Ddt ¿kdf k'gM af}8] nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf ;ldlt u7g ePsf] xf] . ;ldltsf] ;b:odf /Tgaxfb'/ ;'g'jf/, k"0f{axfb'/ tfdfª, d'gf tfdfª, ;ljgf tfdfª, sfn] tfdfª / k|ldnf tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} OGb|axfb'/ tfdfªsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lzIfs–cleefjs ;ª\3 u7g ePsf] 5 . ;ª\3sf] ;b:odf cfOt/fd tfdfª, dg nfdf tfdfª, nfndfof tfdfª, kf;fª nfdf, ;'Gb|f tfdfª / k]|daxfb'/ tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, lzIffk]|dL, ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwnufotsfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ljBfnosf k|WofgfWofks /fh' nfdfn] hfgsf/L lbP .
d08nLåf/f ;/;kmfO ljb'/ . lqmlZrog wd{sf] k|rf/k|;f/df ;lqmo hfu[lt d08nL ljb'/n] :yfgLo If]qdf ;/;kmfO u/]sf] 5 . d08nLsf cu'jf lbk]z >]i7sf cg';f/ x/]s dlxgfsf] clGtd cfOtaf/ ljb'/ If]qsf] ;/;kmfO ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/;kmfOnfO{ cleofgsf] ¿kdf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] d08nLsf cu'jfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .
e}/dsf]6df dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ tflnd t'Kr] . g'jfsf]6sf] t'Kr] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] j8f gDa/ ^ e}/dsf]6df af3 e}/d afv|fkfng ;d"x / pBd tyf hLljsf]kfh{g b'|t ;'wf/ kl/of]hgfcGtu{t b'O{lbg] dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;xfotf ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] tflnddf t'Kr] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf #@ hgf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . e"sDkkl5 dlxnfdf k/]sf] dfgl;s ;d:of d'Qm ug{, 8/–qf; x6fpg tflndsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] tflndsf] ;xhstf{ sdnf v8\sfn] hfgsf/L lbOg\ .
!^ jif{bl] v km/f/ cleo'Qm kqmfp ljb'/ . !^ jif{cl3 xTof u/]/ km/f/ /x]sf g'jfsf]6sf] £ofªkm]bLsf Pshgf cleo'QmnfO{ k|x/Ln] cfOtaf/ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . !^ jif{cl3 £ofªkm]bL– * a:g] dVv' eGg] 5]jfª tfdfªnfO{ v's/' L k|xf/ u/L xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf £ofªkm]bL– # sf $# jifL{o xs{axfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ kqmfp u/L st{Jo Hofg d'2fdf cg';Gwfg ;'? u/]sf] xf] . )%& df3 !^ ut] a]ns ' L ( ah] 3]jf k"hfdf dlb/f ;]jg u/L emu8f kbf{ xs{axfb'/n] dVv' eGg] 5]jfªnfO{ wfl/nf] xltof/ k|of]u u/L xTof u/]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no g'jfsf]6sf k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs l;l4ljqmd zfxn] hfgsf/L lbP .
nx/]kf}jfsf o'jssf] zj lqz"nLdf ljb'/ . df5f dfg]{ qmddf /;'jfdf Ps ;ftfcl3 lqz"nL vf]nfdf a]kQf ePsf Ps o'jssf] zj lqz"nL ahf/glhs} e]l6Psf] 5 . /;'jf nx/]kf}jf– ! sf @$ jif{sf /fdrG› g]kfnL u]v{' uflj;af6 lqz"nL vf]nfdf df5f dfg]{ qmddf a]kQf ePsf lyP . sflQs @) ut] vf]nfdf a]kQf ePsf pgsf] zj ljb'/ gu/kflnsf– ! lqz"nL ahf/sf] k'nb]lv ;o ld6/ dfly ;f]daf/ e]l6Psf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no g'jfsf]6n] hgfPsf] 5 . vf]nfn] aufP/ NofPsf] g]kfnLsf] zj bfp/f ;ª\sng ug]{ qmddf :yfgLon] b]vk] l5 k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]sf lyP .
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gSsnL kLl8tx¿åf/f /fxt /sd lkmtf{ ljb' / . ljb' / gu/kflnsfdf gSsnL e"sDkkLl8t ag]/ lnPsf] /fxt /sd Ps nfv !* xhf/ ?k}ofF lkmtf{ ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] k6sk6s ;"rgf hf/L ub}{ kmhL{ 3/w'/L b]vfP/ /fxt /sd lng]x¿nfO{ klxrfg u/L 7uLsf] d'2f rnfpg] lg0f{o u/]kl5 gSsnL e"sDkkLl8tx¿n] /sd lkmtf{ u/]sf x'g\ . cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf /fxtsf nflu ljt/0f u/]sf] b'O{ xhf/ / c:yfoL cfjf; lgdf{0f ug{ ljt/0f u/]sf] @) xhf/ ?k}ofF lnPsf kmhL{ 3/w'/L ePsf gful/sn] /sd lkmtf{ u/]sf] ljb'/ gu/kflnsfsf sfo{s f/L clws[t k|]ds'df/ /;fOnLn] atfP . g]kfn ;/sf/n] e"sDkkLl8tx¿sf nflu pknAw u/fPsf] /sd Ps} 3/sf bfh'efOn] 5'§L leGg ePsf] eGb}} nu]sfn] gu/kflnsfn] bf];f| ] r/0fdf klg k|fljlws 6f]nL;lxtn] Ifltsf] ljj/0f ;ª\sng u/]sf] lyof] . bf];f| k] 6s ;ª\sng u/] tfklg gu/jf;Ln] Psf3/sf ;d]t 5'§L leGg ePsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ub}{ k|fljlws 6f] n LnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ ljb' / gu/kflnsfaf6 /sd lnPsf 5g\ . /fHon] lbPsf] ;]jf eGb} kmhL{ 3/w'/L b]vfP/ /sd lnPsfn] /fHosf] /sd b'?kof]u ePsf] eGb} sfo{sf/L clws[tn] kmhL{ 3/w'/L b]vfP/ /fxt /sd lng] gu/jf;LnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd s8f sf/afxL ug]{ atfP . gu/kflnsfsf] ljleGg j8faf6 b'O{ xhf/ /sd lnPsf / @) xhf/ /sd lnPsf u/L !^ hgf gu/jf;Ln] /sd lkmtf{ u/]sf] / /sd lkmtf{ x'g] ldlt yk u/L b08 hl/jfgfaf6 hf]lug cj;/ lbPsf] sfo{sf/L clws[t /;fOnLn] atfP .
cf}iflw ;xh ljb'/ . dw];L df]rf{sf] cfGbf]ng / ef/tLo gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f b]z}el/ cf}iflw / ;lh{sn ;fdu|L cefj eP klg g'jfsf]6df cf}iflwsf] cefj b]lvPsf] 5}g . cfh;Dd cf}iflw cefjn] pkrf/ ;] j f k| e fljt gePsf] lqz" n L c:ktfnsf cWoIf c?0f >]i7n] atfPsf 5g\ . gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f b'O{ dlxgfb]lv ef/tLo gfsfdf cf}iflw ylGsP klg g' j fsf] 6 df cf} i flw Joj;foLn] :6s /fv]sf] sf/0f cefj gePsf] g'jfsf]6 cf}iflw Joj;foL ;ª\3 ;Dks{ ;ldltsf cWoIf df]xgaxfb'/
v8\sfn] atfP . g]kfnL cf}iflw pTkfbsx¿n] klg sRRff kbfy{sf] cefjdf cf}iflw pTkfbg x'g g;s]sf] / ef/tnufot cGo b]zaf6 cfoft u/]sf] cf}iflw gfsfd} ylGsPsfn] :6s cf}iflwn] s]xL lbgnfO{ wfGg ;lsg];d]t pgn] atfP . rn]sf] a|fG8sf cf}iflwsf] cefj b]lvP klg cGo a|fG8sf cf}iflwsf] df}Hbft cem} Ps dlxgfnfO{ k'Ug] a§f/sf cf}iflw Joj;foL k|]ds'df/ ;fksf]6fn] atfP . g]kfndf vkt x'g] cf} i flwsf] 7" n f] lx:;f jL/u~h gfsfaf6 lelqg] u/] s f] d f gfsf
:ofk|m'a];Ldf Uof;sf] ;§f lrlgof“ lx6/ w'Gr] . ef/tLo gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f Uof;sf] cefj ePkl5 pQ/L /;'jfsf] :ofk|ma' ];Ldf vfgf ksfpg lrlgofF lx6/sf] k|of]u al9/x]sf] 5 . :ofk|m'a];Lsf ko{6sLo xf]6]n ;~rfns sg]{n tfdfªsf cg';f/ ko{6sLo xf]6]ndf jftfj/0f :jR5tf sfod ug{ bfp/f k|of]u ug{ gldNg] ePsf sf/0f lrlgofF sDkgLaf6 lgld{t ljB'tLo lx6/ k|of]udf NofOPsf] xf] . lrlgofF ljB'tLo lx6/sf] tfk ;fgf] 7"nf] agfpg ldNg] ePsf sf/0f ;]jfu|fxLsf] dfucg'¿k vfgf tof/ agfpg ;xh ePsf] ;~rfns tfdfªn] atfP . clxn] klxnf] r/0fdf #) j6f lx6/ k|of]udf NofO;s]sf] / qmdzM lx6/ k|of]u ug{ c¿nfO{ klg hfgsf/L lbO/x]sf] xf]6]n Joj;foL tfdfªn] atfP . ut j}zfvsf] e"sDkn] Iflt k'¥ofPsf] :ofk|ma' ];Lsf ko{6sLo xf]6]n dd{t u/L ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] xf] . Ifltu|:t 9nfg / lkn/ cfOlad /fvL dd{t u/L xf]6]n / nh alnof] agfO{ ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 .
efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL @)&@ sflQs !& ut] /;'jfsf] u|fªdf ePsf a; b'36{ gfdf k/L #& hgf ofq'sf] d[To' ePsf] va/n] xfdL :tAw ag]sf 5f}“ . o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf ;d:t :juL{o cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}“ . ;fy} b'3{6gfdf k/L ljleGg c:ktfndf pkrf/fy{ /xg'ePsf ;a} 3fOt]sf] zL3| :jf:Yonfesf] sfdgf ub{5f}“ .
g]kfnL rfns / ko{6snfO{ :yfoL cg'dltkq lbg lrlgofF kIf;Fu dfu w' G r] . /;' j fu9L gfsf ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 Jojl:yt, dof{lbt / ;'rf? u/fpg g]kfnsf / lrlgofF k| z f;saLr cfOtaf/ :ofk|'ma];Ldf a[xt\ 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . gfsf ;~rfng ePsf] Ps dlxgfsf] cjlwdf ePsf] sfdsf] ;dLIff ub}{ oy]i6 ;'/Iff–Joj:yf ldnfpg 5nkmn ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;LdfIf]qdf /x]sf b'j} b]zsf ;'/Iff lgsfon] cj}w sf/f]af/ k"0f{ ¿kdf /f]Sg] / g]kfn cfoft x'g] ;fdfg lng s]?ª hfg] g]kfnLsf nflu Pslbg] cg' d ltkq lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg g]kfnL clwsf/Ln] lrlgofF kIf;Fu cfu|x u/]sf lyP . /;' j feGbf aflx/ lhNnfsf] rfnsx¿ /;'jfu9L gfsfaf6 s]?ª hfg gkfO{ :yfgLo rfns vf]h]/ sG6] g / s] ? ª k7fOlbg' k bf{ ;jf/LwgLnfO{ a9L Jooef/ ePsf] u'gf;f]nfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} :yfgLo k| z f;gsf] kxndf b' O { b] z sf clwsf/LaLr cfOtaf/ 5nkmn ePsf] /;' j fsf k| d ' v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd u]nfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . 5nkmndf g]kfnsf tkm{af6 g]kfn k|x| /L, ;z:q k|x| /L an, ;Ldf ;'/Iff an / /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefusf k|ltlglw tyf lrlgofF kIfaf6 ;LdfIf]q x]g{] pRr clwsf/L ;xefuL lyP .
cj/f]wsf sf/0f Joj;foLn] e}/xjfaf6 cf}iflw leq\ofpg kxn ul//x]sf] g]kfn cf}iflw Joj;foL ;ª\3 afudtLsf ;b:o 6nsdfg >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP . g'jfsf]6df 7"nf] ck|];g gx'g] ePsfn] cf}iflw / cGo pks/0fsf] cefj gePsf] :qL/f]u ljz]if1 8f= dw's/ bfxfnn] atfP . cf} i flw Joj;foL ;ª\ 3 g'jfsf]6sf cWoIf v8\sfsf cg';f/ g]kfnL cf}iflwn] s'n vktsf] $) k|ltzt lx:;f cf]u6]sf] 5 . g]kfndf jflif{s #% ca{ ?k}ofFsf] cf}iflwsf] sf/f]af/ x'Fb} cfPsf];d]t pgn] atfP .
d[tsx¿ != a'l4axfb'/ tfdfª, xfs' @= lji0f'k;| fb l3ld/], u]v,{' g'jfsf]6 #= kf;fªl5l/ª tfdfª, lrlnd] $= ;'jf; nfdf sfdL, ;/dynL %= af6'nL tfdfª, ef]n{] ^= l/;fª tfdfª, xfs' &= ;f]ddfof lyª, ef]n{] *= zflGtdfof lyª, ef]n{] (= e"ldgGb l/dfn, rf/3/], g'jfsf]6 !)= b'uf{k;| fb e§, rf/3/], g'jfsf]6a !!= rl/dfof nf], w}aª ' !@= lbg]z df]Qmfg, w}a'ª
!#= OlGb/f tfdfª, w}aª ' !$= d]Gbf] ;fª\af] tfdfª, uf]Nh'ª !%= nfnsfhL tfdfª, ef]n{] !^= 5]jfª 3n], uf]Nh'ª !&= nfSkf tfdfª, lrlnd] !*= nfSkf 5f]df] tfdfª, lrlnd] !(= bLkfs'df/L lrdf]l/of, af/f @)= km'k{' 5f]df] tfdfª, lrlnd] @!= g'k{' uf]Daf] tfdfª, ;/dynL @@= lhtdfg uf]Daf], ;/dynL @#= nIdL lyª, ef]n{] @$= ;'bLk nfdf, uTnfª @%= k|jz ] nfdf, uTnfª
@^= l6sdaxfb'/ zfxL, ¿kGb]xL @&= e/t u'?ª -rfns_, g'jfsf]6 @*= ;'bz{g u'?ª, g'jfsf]6 @(= ;fj8f]n tfdfª, /fDr] #)= lgdf6f;L tfdfª, uf]Nh'ª #!= bLk]Gb| unfg, ef]n{] #@= k]Daf jfªb]g tfdfª, uTnfª ##= lgzf tfdfª, /fDr] #$= kS6' tfdfª, uTnfª #%= ;f]dk'/L ljs, l;Gw'nL #^= ;]tL ljs, w}aª ' #&= d]G;L nfdf, /fDr]
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lqe'jg lqz"nL pRr dfWolds ljBfno -tTsfnLg lqe'jg lqz"nL Jofj;flos dfWolds ljBfno_ df d sIff cf7df egf{ ePsf] lyPF . lhNnfsf ljleGg ljBfnoaf6 ljBfyL{ cf]Ol/g] lhNnf ;b/d'sfdsf] of] ljBfnodf cf7 sIffdf egf{ x'gs ] f] 7"n} eL8 lyof] . xfdL aflx/af6 cfpg] ;a} ;]S;g …aLÚ df k¥of}F . ;]S;g …PÚsf] af/]df xfdLnfO{ crDdsf] s'tx" n lyof] . ufpFaf6 ahf/sf] :s'ndf k'u]sf dh:tf w]/}nfO{ Psk|sf/sf] lxlRsrfx6 klg lyof] . ;]S;g …aLÚnfO{ :s'nn] klg x]ks ] f] x'G5, sdhf]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ of] ;]S;gdf /fV5g\ / k9fpg] s'/fdf klg dxTj lbFbg} g\ eGg] Psk|sf/sf] xNnf leqleq} km}lnPsf] x'GYof] . cfkm"nfO{ cln 6f7f] 7fGg] s]xL ljBfyL{df o;n] Psk|sf/sf] xLgtfaf]w klg k}bf uYof{] . lbgx¿ laTb} uP . k9fpg] lzIfs–lzlIfsf;Fu kl/ro x'Fb} uof] . ;]S;g …PÚ / …aLÚdf k9fpg] k|foM ;a} lzIfs pxL lyP . s]jn g]kfnL k9fpg] dfq} a]Un} eGg] ;'lgof] . ;a} s'/f xfdLnfO{ :ki6 klg x'Fb}gYof] . xfdLnfO{ g]kfnL ljifo hfg'sf Dof8dn] k9fpg'xG' Yof] . csf{] ;]S;gdf …u'?Ún] k9fpg'xG' 5 eGg] ;'lgof] . u'?sf] gfd yfxf lyPg . s;}n] atfpFbf klg atfPg . hfg'sf Dof8dsf] k9fOdf xfdLnfO{ s'g} ;d:of lyPg . t/, …u'?ÚrflxF s:tf xf]nfg\, pgn] k9fPsf] s:tf] xf]nf eGg] lh1f;fn] xfdLnfO{ nv]l6/xGYof] . k|Zgkq klg ;]S;g …PÚdf k9fpg]n] tof/ ug{] / pQ/k'l:tsf klg ;]S;g …PÚs} lzIfsn] k/LIf0f ug{] eGg] xNnf klg ;'lgGYof] . xfdLrflxF 7lug] eOof] eg]/ lrlGtt lyof}F . xfd|f] ;Dk"0f{ cfwf/ eg]sf] o:t} xNnf lyof] . s;}l;t ;f]w/] ;xL s'/f yfxf kfpg] x}l;ot xfd|f] lyPg .xfdLnfO{ rflxF u'?nfO{ Psk6s b]Vg] x'6x'6L lyof] . s]xL ;dokl5 s;}n] k/}af6 b]vfOlbof] . :s'ndf ;a} k'?if lzIfs ;6{, kfOG6df cfPsf x'Gy] . t/ u'? eg] sldh, ;'?jfndf b]v/] dnfO{ crDd nfu]sf] lyof] . u'?n] 6f]kL klg nufpg'ePsf] lyof] . sldh ;'?jfn nufpg] lzIfs d}n] klxnf]k6s b]vs ] f] lyPF . u'?sf] af/]df klxnf] 5fk ToxL lyof] . c¿ ;a} lzIfs gfdaf6 lrlgGy], t/ u'? eg] gfdaf6 glrlgg] . ;a}n] …u'?Ú g} eGy] . pxfF :s'ndf dfq xf]Og lqz"nL ahf/, cfkm\gf] l5d]s / lhNnfel/ g} u'? gfdn] k|l;4 x'gx' bF' f]/x]5 . …u'?Ú zAbsf] ul/dfn] dnfO{ crDdsf] ;Ddf]xgdf kf/]sf] lyof] . csf]{ jif{af6 t u'?;Fu k9\g kfOg]5 eGg] pT;fxn] cfslif{t u/]sf] lyof] . gf} sIffdf k'luof] . xfd|f] kfnfdf sIffsf]7fdf l;6sf] Joj:yf /f]n gDa/cg';f/ x'GYof] . /f]n gDa/rflxF cl3Nnf] jif{sf] glthfcg';f/ . cufl8 /f]n g+= x'g] cufl8sf] a]Grdf a:g kfpFy] . To;f] x'bF f sIff gf}df d]/f] l;6 klxnf] a]Grd} eof] . kfFrhgf a:g] a]Grdf d 5]psf] l;6df k/]F . klxnf] lbg u'? sIffdf k|jz ] ubf{sf] If0fsf] k"/f ;Demgf t clxn] 5}g . s:tf] n'uf nufpg'ePsf] lyof] eGg] klg ;Demgfdf 5}g . pxfF k|foM v/fgL /ªsf] jf £o" /ªsf] sldh ;'?jfndf x'gx' G' Yof] eGg] dnfO{ nflu/x]sf] 5 clxn] . h'Qf k|foM sk8fs} x'GYof] . 6fpsfdf ;w}F 6f]kL x'GYof] . xfdL w]/} gofF cg'xf/sf k/]sf]n] klxnf] lbg ;fdfGo lrghfgd} laTof] . ;f}efUojz u'?nfO{ gfd atfpg] klxnf] ljBfyL{ d k/]sf] lyPF . Tof] ;Demgf cem} tfhf 5 . pxfFsf] ;/n / lgZrn Jojxf/n] d}n] klxnf] lbg g} cfkm"nfO{ pxfFsf] glhs ePsf] cg'et" u/]F . xfd|f] pknlAw eg]sf] xfdL pxfF;uF s'/f ug{ ws dfGb}gYof}F . b'O{ jif{ pxfF;Fu g]kfnL kl9of] . of]aLrdf d}n] pxfFnfO{ slxNo} l/;fPsf] b]lvgF . xfdLx¿nfO{
hlxNo} c;fWo} dfof ug{] . sIffdf k:bf xfF:b}, d':s'/fpFb} k:g] ug{x' G' Yof] . k9fpg'cl3 s]xL g s]xL gofF s'/f eGg] pxfFsf] afgL lyof] . cfkm"n] b]vs ] f /fd|f s'/fnfO{ :ki6;Fu / dg gk/]sf s'/fnfO{ rflxF ;fª\sl] ts ¿kdf atfpg] pxfFsf] afgL lyof] . t/, s;}nfO{ klg ls6]/ slxNo} g/fd|f] eGg'ePg . bz sIffdf klg d]/f] l;6 klxnf] a]Grsf] 5]pd} k/]sf] lyof] . u'?;Fu olt glhs nfUYof] ls klxnf] a]Grdf a:g] xfdL s]xLnfO{ u'?n] s] eGg vf]Hg'ePsf] eGg] :ki6 5 eGg] ljZjf; x'GYof] . u'?sf xfpefpsf] xfdL skL ug{] klg uYof}+{ . sIffdf k9fpFbf pxfFsf] xftsf cf}n + fx¿ rnfpg] afgL lyof] . bflxg] xftnfO{ s'lxgf]eGbf cln dfly p7fpP/ xTs]nfnfO{ s]xL sf]kf| ] kfg{] clg cf}n + fx¿ km§fP/ kfn}lknf] grfpFb} JofVof ug{] z}nL lyof] pxfFsf] . pxfFsf] cfFvf sdhf]/ lyof] eGg] nfU5 dnfO{ clxn] . lstfa k9\bf cln glhs n}hfg] ug{x' G' Yof] . pxfF sfnf]kf6Ldf Psbd} sd n]Vg] ug{x' G' Yof] . pxfFsf cIf/ ;fgf x'Gy] . sfnf]kf6Lsf]
glhs} uP/ n]Vg] afgL lyof] pxfFsf] . af]8d{ f n]lvPsf] nfOg ;f]emf] geP/ dflydfly ;b{} uPsf x'Gy] . Tof] s'/f xfd|f] dgf]/~hgsf ljifo lyP . Jofs/0fsf s'/f k9fpg] a]nf dfq pxfF af]8{df n]Vg'xG' Yof] . clxn] ;lDemFbf pxfFsf] Tof] n]vfOsf] sf/0f ;+:s[t efiffdf k9\bfsf] kl/0ffd xf] eGg] nfU5 . k/Dk/fut ;+:s[t cWoogdf n]Vg]eGbf 3f]Sg] / kf7 ofb ug{] s'/fnfO{ hf]8 lbOGYof] . pxfF ToxL k/Dk/fdf k9]/ cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . pxfF xfdLnfO{ nfdfnfdf k|Zgsf pQ/x¿ n]vfOlbg'xG' Yof] . ;'Gb/ jfSox¿df …;flxTo 3';fP/Ú n]Vg ;Sof] eg] k/LIffdf /fd|f] cª\s cfpF5 eGg] Psk|sf/sf] ljZjf; lyof] . xfdLnfO{ To:tf] n]Vg cfpF b } g Yof] . u' ? klxnf cYof{ P / dfq n]vfOlbg'xG' Yof] . o;f] ubf{ pxfFnfO{ Pp6} sfd b'O{k6s ug{k' Yof]{ . t/, pxfFn] slxNo} To;nfO{ af]emsf] ¿kdf lng'ePsf] xfdLnfO{ nfu]g . c¿ sIffx¿ clns s8f x'Gy] . u'?sf] sIffrflxF …xfd|fÚ] x'GYof] . xNnf ug{x] ¿nfO{ pxfF Joª\UofTds ¿kn] ;Demfpg vf]Hg'xG' Yof] . t/, ufnL slxNo} ug{e' Pg . syf, sljtf, gf6sx¿ k9fpFbf :j/ / xfpefpdf clego klg emlNsGYof] . ;flxTodf k|d] –k|;ª\ux¿ t cfpg] g} eP . tL k|;ª\ux¿nfO{ dgf]/~hgfTds 9ª\uaf6 atfpg klg pxfF r'Sg'xG' y]g . u'?sf] sIff sf]xL klg 5'6fpg rfxFbg} y] . cª\uh ]| L, ul0fth:tf sl7g ljifodf efUg] ljBfyL{ klg u'?sf] sIffsf] cfgGb lng cfOk'Uy] .
pxfFn] cfkm\g} 3/df a]t, afF;af6 ag]sf 3/]n' ;fdfgsf] k;n /fVg'ePsf] /x]5 . :s'ndf k9\bftfsfs} s'/f xf] . xfd|f] 3/df esf/L afFWg dfGb| f ] s f] vfF r f] k/] s f] lyof] . sf] n f] g Laf6 dflylt/ k;nx¿ x]b{} hfFbf o:tf] k;n b]v]/ a'af / d ToxfF l5/]sf lyof}F . k;ndf u'?nfO{ b]v]/ dnfO{ xNsf cK7]/f] nfu]sf] clxn] klg ;lDemG5' . t/, pxfFn] d]/f] pkl:yltnfO{ t'?Gt} ;xhLs/0f ul/lbg' e of] . xfdLn] pxfF s f] k;naf6 b'O{j6f dfGb|f] klg lsGof}F . b'O{ jif{kl5 xfdL :s'naf6 labf eof}F . s]xL jif{kl5 pd]/xbsf] sf/0f u'?n] cjsfz kfpg'eof] eGg] ;'g]F . aLrdf Ps–b'Ok{ 6s ;fdfGo e]6 dfq eof] . :s'n;Fu pxfFsf] s]xL c;Gt'li6 lyP eGg] d}n] cg'et" u/]sf] lyPF . t/, s]–s:tf] eg]/ dnfO{ ;f]Wg] cfF6 klg cfPg, pxfFn] v'n/] atfpg' klg ePg . :s'ndf cln PlSnPsf] cg'el" t ug{e' Psf] xf] ls h:tf] nfUYof] . slxn]sfxLF s]xL cGt/ª\u s'/f klg ug{x' G' Yof] . To;f] t :s'nsf c¿ lzIfs;Fu klg d]/f] cGt/ª\u ;DaGw kl5;Dd} /x\of] . w]/} lzIfsn] dnfO{ ljZjf; ug{x' G' Yof] eGg] dnfO{ clxn] klg nfU5 . ;a};uF lgoldt e]6 x'g klg ;Sg] /x]g5 . u'?;Fu klg cfsl:ds / sfdjzafx]s vf;} e]6 ePg . d ljZjljBfnodf k9fpg] u5{' eGg] ;'Gbf pxfFn] JoQm ug{e' Psf] v';L ;lDemFbf dnfO{ clxn] klg z/L/ t/ª\lut ePsf] cg'ej x'G5 . clns jif{kl5 xfdLn] k"jl{ jBfyL{sf] Pp6f ;dfh :yfkgf ug{] of]hgf u/]sf lyof}F . o:tf] k|of; klxn] klg ePsf] /x]5 . ;kmnrflxF x'g ;s]sf] /x]g5 . :s'ndf x]8;/nufot ;a}n] pT;fx k|bfg ug{e' of] . u'?n] rflxF cjsfz lnO;Sg'ePsf] /x]5 . ToxL l;nl;nfdf lqz"nL k'Ubf ;+of]ujz pxfF;uF d]/f] e]6 ePsf] lyof] . d}n] xfd|f] of]hgfaf/] atfPF . pxfFn] s]xL ;Nnfx lbg'eof] . pxfFsf ;Nnfx pkof]uL lyP . k"jl{ jBfyL{sf] ;dfhn] :s'nsf] :j0f{hoGtLdf :s' n af6 clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg' e Psf lzIfsnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] sfo{qmd /fv]sf lyof}F . :s'naf6 pd]/xbsf] sf/0f clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg]x¿df u'? klg kg{x' G' Yof] . ;Ddfg sfo{qmdsf] hfgsf/L lbg d u'?nfO{ e]6\g uPsf] lyPF . Tof] If0f Psbd} efj's ag]sf] lyof] . u'?sf] ›ljt gog d clxn] klg emnemnL ;lDemG5' . pxfF Psbd} efjljx\jn x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf xfdLn] ;Ddfgkq;lxt bf];Nnf cf]9fP/ ;Ddfg u¥of}F . of] sfo{qmdnfO{ u'?n] slxNo} la;{ge' Pg . pxfFn] ;f6\ge' Psf v';Lsf va/x¿ d}n] kl5;Dd kfPsf] lyPF . u'?sf] Tof] v';LnfO{ d}n] cfkm\gf] cd"No ;DklQ 7fg]sf] 5' . kl5 u'?sf ;a} kl/jf/ sf7df8f}+d} a:g yfNg'eof] . pxfFsf] af/]df d pxfFsf 5f]/f Zofd l/dfnaf6 lg/Gt/ hfgsf/L lnO/xGyF] . ZofdhLn] dnfO{ …a'afn] ;lDemg'ePsf] 5Ú, …a'afn] e]6\g vf]Hg'ePsf] 5Ú eg]/ w]/}k6s eGg' klg eof] . e]6g\ ] eg]/ of]hgf klg k6sk6s aGof] . slxn] ZofdhLnfO{ ;do gldNg], slxn] dnfO{ . of]aLrdf u'?;Fu d]/f] a'afsf] e]6 eP5 . u'?n] d]/f] a'afnfO{ d]/f]dfkm{t lrGg'ePsf] s'/f ;'Gbf dnfO{ uj{ klg eof] . t/, cfh e]6g\ ,] ef]ln e]6g\ ] eGbfeGb} lbg laTb} uof] . o;}aLr Ps lbg ;fdflhs ;~hfndf kf]:6 ePsf] Pp6f ;dfrf/df d]/f] cfFvf k¥of] . To;df u'?n] b]xTofu ug{'ePsf] va/ lyof] . va/n] d Psl5g\ ddf{xt ePF . va/;Fu} u'?;Fu e]6\g] d]/f] OR5fdf cs:dft\ k"0f{lj/fd klg nfUof] . ;don] s;}nfO{ klv{+b}g . rf}/f;L k'lu;Sg'ePsf u'?nfO{ s]xL eOxfN5 eg]/ ;f]Rg grfxg] d]/f] lh2Lkgn] u'? / d b'j}n] c;fWo} rfx]sf] e]6 x'g ;s]g . cfo{3f6d} k'u]/ pxfFsf] z/L/sf] clGtd bz{g ug{a' fx]s d;Fu c¿ ljsNk afFsL lyPg .
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Hof]= /Tglglw /]UdL -z'qmfrfo{’ E-mail: shukracharya@yahoo.com
d]if M cfly{s nfesf ;fy} dgf]/~hgsf] cj;/ ldNg]5 . Jofkf/, Joj;fodf a9f]Q/L tyf gf]s/Ldf lhDd]jf/L cfpg]5 . gofF 7fpFsf] e|d0f x'gs ' f ;fy} 7fpF;/fOsf] ;Defjgf klg 5 . k]d| L;fy ldng x'g] / 6f9fsf] wg cfpg]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ wgnfe, zlg–cfOtaf/ zq'j[l4, ;f]d–d+unaf/ dgf]/~hg Pjd\ a'waf/ cfn:o a9\g]5 . j[if M gf]s/Ldf dfg a9\g]5 . ;dfhdf Voflt cfh{g x'g]5 . gofF sfd jf k|]dk|;ª\u rNg]5 tyf k|]dLaf6 sfddf ;xof]u cfpg]5 . cw'/f sfd k"/f x'g]5g\ . cfGtl/s vr{ a9] klg afx\onfe x'g]5 . cke{m6 ofqfsf] of]u 5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ sfd aGg], zlg–cfOtaf/ wgnfe, ;f]d–d+unaf/ ckJoo Pjd\ a'waf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{ x'g]5 . ldy'g M cfly{s kIf dha't /x] klg cfGtl/s ;d:ofn] lgs} ;tfpg]5 . cfkmGtdf j}dg:o, 3/fo;L vr{ a9\g] tyf sfo{ kl/jt{gsf] ;Defjgf k|an /xg]5 . j}b]lzs sf/f]af/ ;an /xg]5 . Jofkf/df eg] ljz]if nfe x'g]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ ofqfdf nfe, zlg–cfOtaf/ sfd aGg], ;f]d–d+unaf/ wgnfe Pjd\ a'waf/ a9L vr{ x'g]5 . ss{6 M ldl>t kmnk|flKt x'g]5 . 3/fo;L Jo:ttf, cfkmGtdf vr{, cke{m6 ofqfsf] klg of]u 5 . z}lIfs Pjd\ af}l4s Joj;fodf nfe x'g]5 . k|]dLaf6 sfddf ;xof]u cfpnf . gf]s/L jf >dhGo sfd ;Gtf]ifk|b /xg]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ lrGtf a9\g], zlg–cfOtaf/ vr{ j[l4, ;f]d–d+unaf/ sfd aGg] Pjd\ a'waf/ wgnfe x'g]5 . l;+x M cfGtl/s ;d:ofn] a9L ;tfP klg gf]s/L jf >dhGo sfo{af6 ;Gtf]if ldNg]5 . k|]dkIf ;an /xg] tyf k|]dLaf6 sfddf ;xof]u x'g]5 . cfkmGtl;t e]63f6, ef]h tyf dgf]/~hgdf dxTjk"0f{ ;do JotLt x'g]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{, zlg–cfOtaf/ cfn:tf, ;f]d–d+unaf/ ofqfdf nfe Pjd\ a'waf/ sfd aGg]5 . sGof M cfGtl/s ;d:ofn] ;tfP klg aflx/L nfe eO/xg]5 . Jofkf/– Joj;fodf eg] s':t nfe x'g]5 . k|]dLaf6 sfddf ;xof]u cfpnf . j}b]lzs sf/f]af/ jf ofqf ;kmn /xnf . gofF sfdsf] vf]hL jf 7fpF;/fOsf] of]u 5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ zq'tf a9\g], zlg–cfOtaf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{, ;f]d–d+unaf/ cfn:o Pjd\ a'waf/ ofqfnfe x'g]5 . t'nf M z}lIfs Pjd\ af}l4s Joj;fodf nfe x'g]5 . k'/fgf] sfddf dg hfg]5 . k|]dkIf ;an x'g] tyf k|]dLaf6 ;xof]u ldNg]5 . k'/fgf ldq jf cfkmGtl;t e]63f6 x'g]5 . oy]i6 egnfe eP klg :jf:Yodf ;d:of cfpnf . laxL–z'qmaf/ wgnfe, zlg–cfOtaf/ zq' a9\g], ;f]d–d+unaf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{ Pjd\ a'waf/ cfn:o a9\g]5 . j[lZrs M gf]s/L jf 3/fo;L lhDd]jf/L a9\g]5 . ;fdflhs Voflt cfh{g x'g]5 . v]n, snf Pjd\ dgf]/~hgdf a9L ?lr hfUg]5 . gf]s/Ldf dfg tyf Jofkf/df a9f]Q/L x'g]5 . gofF sfd jf k|]ddf dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ cfpg]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ sfd aGg], zlg–cfOtaf/ wgnfe, ;f]d–d+unaf/ zq' a9\g] Pjd\ a'waf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{ x'g]5 . wg' M cfly{s kIf dha't /x] klg :jf:Yo b'a{n /xnf . cfkmGt jf Oi6ldqdf a9L vr{ xf]nf . gf]s/Ldf s]xL ;d:of b]vf knf{ . k|]ddf afwf jf af;:yfgdf ;d:of cfpnf . j}b]lzs sf/f]af/ jf Jofkf/df eg] nfe x'g]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ ljjfb kg]{, zlg–cfOtaf/ sfd aGg], ;f]d–d+unaf/ wgnfe Pjd\ a'waf/ zq'tf a9\g]5 . ds/ M gf]s/Ldf a9f]Q/L Pjd\ ;fdflhs Voflt cfh{g x'g]5 . af]nLsf] k|efjn] sfd aGg]5 . j}b]lzs sf/f]af/ Pjd\ ofqf ;kmn /xg]5 . gofF sfd kfpg] ;Defjgf 5 . z}lIfs jf k|fl1s If]qdf ;Ddfg jf a9f]Q/Lsf] of]u 5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ wgnfe, zlg–cfOtaf/ jfbljjfb, ;f]d–d+unaf/ sfd aGg] Pjd\ a'waf/ wgk|flKt x'g]5 . s'De M cfly{s tyf dfgl;s kIf ;an /xg]5 . k|z:t wgnfe jf dgf]/~hgk"0f{ x'g5] . k|d] L;fy /dfOnf] ofqf x'g5] . gf]s/Ldf dfg jf lhDd]jf/L ylkg]5 . z}lIfs / af}l4s Joj;fodf nfe tyf ljb]z ofqf ;kmn /xg]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{, zlg–cfOtaf/ wgk|flKt, ;f]d–d+unaf/ jfbljjfb Pjd\ a'waf/ sfd aGg]5 . dLg M Jofkf/ Joj;fodf nfe eP klg gf]s/Ldf ;d:of b]vfknf{ . cfkmGtdf dgd'6fj tyf 3/fo;L vr{ a9\g]5 . k|]d jf dgf]/~hgdf ;do JotLt xf]nf . j}b]lzs sf/f]af/ jf ofqf ;kmn /xnf . 6f9fsf] wg cfpg]5 . laxL–z'qmaf/ ckJoo, zlg–cfOtaf/ dgf]/~hgk"0f{, ;f]d–d+unaf/ wgk|flKt Pjd\ a'waf/ ljjfb a9\g]5 . ;ftfsf rf8kj{x¿ M laxLaf/ d'vf -uf]kf_ ci6dL j|t,+ uf]/vsfnLk"hf, z'qmaf/ s'idf08 gjdL, x]6f}8F f ;/f]a/ d]nf, zlgaf/ anDa' dxfnIdL ofqf, cfOtaf/ xl/af]lwgL PsfbzL j|t,+ t'n;L ljjfx, a/fxIf]qdf wfld{s d]nf, ;f]daf/ rfFug' f/fo0f cv08 bLkbz{g,+ d+unaf/ j}s0' 7 !$ j|t,+ kfNkfdf eujtL ofqf, a'waf/ k"l0f{df j|t,+ sflt{s:gfg+, rt'df{;f j|tk+ l" t{ .
g]kfn a+unfb]z a}s + ln=
;flxTo k]6f/f]
lktfhLk|lt ltd|f] Tof] ;'sd' f/ b]x clxn] e} b]jdf ldl>t, emNsL To} dgsf] cv08 ddtf /f]O{ d e}F d"lR5{t, …wtL{af6 t hfg'k5{ ;an] /f]P/ s] x'G5 x] ÛÚ eGg] of] …zt–;ToÚ sf cl3 g'xL s] ug{ ;Sy]F d x] Û afaf Û To} klg z"Go nfU5 lsg xf] < kL8f To;} a;{g] ;f/} lrQ a'emfpg} sl7g ef] 5ftL To;} rs{g] Hofb} x8\a8 g} u/]/ lsg xf] < nDSof} ltdL :ju{df PSn} Yof} t/ km]l/ lge{o agL cNKof} dxfz"Godf 1ftf x] Û ;a zf:qsf, ;'hgsf cf:yf, ;'sdL{ u'? d]/f k"Ho lktf ;';+:s[t agL, ;Gdfu{ vf]Hg] u'? leqL 1fg cgGt Yof] xh'/df So} l;Sg g} vf]lhgF nfvf}+F Znf]s t s07 wd{kysf tL a'‰g g} rflxgF ltd|f] Tof] k/a|x\dfsf] glhsdf k'Ug] lyof] rfxgf Hofb} ef] ;lhnf] dxfd/0f Tof] afFsL /x\of] ;Demgf wf]sf] So} dgdf lyof] ls cw'/f] s]xL gaf]nL uof} cfFvf clGtdkN6rflxF lsg xf] < x]/L dtkm}{ uof}
zf]s}sf] lbgdf d cfF;' uxsf] emf/]/ /f]O{ /5' nfvf}F :g]x c6fpg] lbn lg Tof] ;Dem]/ /f]O{ /5' hfpm x] Û ca :ju{ nf]s v'; e} tf/f agL rlDsBf}} xfdL 5f}F o; nf]sdf ca ltdL Hof]lt gofF 5ls{Bf} cfPdf klg rf8kj{ 3/df, ltd|} x'g] ;Demgf, lbGYof} cfl;s x] Û ddf slt ltdL kf]VYof} ;a} efjgf, 5}gf} cfh ltdL p/f7 dg e} b'v]/ afFRb} 5' d, ltd|f] w]/ ;'b[li6–r]tg, ;'oz\ ;Dem]/ ?Fb} 5' d ;]jf–lrGtgd} lat] ;do tL nfUof} ltdL sd{df ;f]emf]–;Hhg e} pbf/ dg nL afFRof} ToxL wd{df s:tf] of] lbg ef] a'af Û d b'Mvn] >4f~hnL clk{pmF ltd|f] Tof] ;'kb| LKt b]x h8 ef] cfF;' d e} al;{pmF ltd|f tL wg–1fgsf /; lkO{ So} ug{ ;Sy]F ls d d]/f] of] cghfg lrQ km'l/O{ So} hfGg ;Sy]F ls d afaf Û lbJo ToxL d'xf/ lsg xf] ;Dem]/ em:sG5' d 5fkL o} lbndf a8f htgn] 6fF;]/ /flVbG5' d ;t\–lrTsf ;Fun] lg d'lQmky e} ofqf u¥of} :ju{sf] lzIffsf] lap /f]Kb} hut\df bfgL aGof} 1fgsf], csf{] hGd t km]l/ hGdg k/] d]/} lktf alGbg", cfkm\gf pRr ljrf/–1fg ;an] d}dfly g} k'lb{g" . -lktfhL lzjk|;fb l/dfn -!(** h]7 @%–@)&@ c;f]h !^_ k|lt >4f~hln:j¿k_
–8f= clDasf l3ld/]
zfvf sfof{no a§f/sf] lgIf]kpk/ xsbfaL;DaGwL #% lbg] ;"rgf g'jfsf]6 lhNnf, rf/3/] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f–( a:g] >L dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] gflt >L axfb'/l;+x tfdfªsf] 5f]/f >LdtL ;'GtnL tfdfªsf] klt jif{ $& sf] >Ldg\ ;'Aaf tfdfªsf] oxL @)&@÷)^÷@) ut] d[To' ePsfn] o; a}+sdf /x]sf] lghsf] art vftf g+= ))#)$#^)!S df ePsf] /sd e'QmfgL kfpmF egL lgh d[tssf Psf3/sL >LdtL ;'GtnL tfdfªn] o; a}+s;dIf lgj]bg u/]sf] x'Fbf / lgh vftfjfnsf] gfdsf] o; a}+sdf /x]sf] /sddf s;}sf] xsbfaL eP a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf *! adf]lhd cu|flwsf/jfnf xsbf/x¿n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq cfkm\gf] xsbfaLsf] ;a't k|df0f;lxt o; a}+ssf] pk/f]Qm zfvfdf xsbfaL ug{ cfpg'xf]nf . pQm Dofbleq xsbfaL ug{ gcfPdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL P]g, @)^# adf]lhd eOhfg] x'Fbf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . plNnlvt Dofbleq bfaL ug{ gcfPdf kl5 s'g} ph'/ gnfUg] Joxf]/f;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
;Dks{ M a§f/ ahf/ zfvf, g'jfsf]6 kmf]g g+= )!)–%^)@%^, %^!&&^, km\ofS; g+=)!)–%^)&%$
laxLaf/, dª\l;/ #, @)&@
t'Kr]df=== clwsf/Ln] :jfut dGtJo JoQm u/]sf lyP . ;f] sfo{qmdnfO{ z'esfdgf lbg g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf k"j{;efklt w'|j clwsf/L, g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf cWoIf gf/fo0fk| ; fb vltj8f, Pg] s kf dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf cWoIf xL/fgfy vltj8f, >Lgfy u0f b]jL3f6sf u0fklt bLk]Gb| u'?ª, g'jfsf]6 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf z/0f pT;'s ;fksf]6fnufotsf] pkl:ylt lyof] . e"sDkn] ufpF3/sf a:tL tx;gx; eP klg ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd x]b{} e"sDksf] kL8f la;{g ;ofFs } f] ;ª\Vofdf bz{ssf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
l;dfgf=== Pp6} wf/0ff aGg g;s]sf] sf/0f dw];L df]rf{sf] cfGbf]ng klg hf/L 5 . d'Vo gfsf jL/u~hdf ul/Psf] wgf{ df]rf{sf nflu klg hLjg–d/0fsf] ;jfn aGb} uPsf] 5 . wgf{sf] sf/0f t/fO{s} hgtfn] w]/} si6 kfPsf] sf/0f df]rf{sf] Pp6f kIf eG;f/sf] wgf{ x6fpg] kIfdf 5 eg] csf]{ kIf wgf{ hf/L /fv]/ dfu k"/f u/fpg'kg]{ kIfdf 5 . ef/tsf] k"0f{ ;xof]udf ePsf] eG;f/ cj/f]wn] ef/t;d]t ;d:ofdf k/]sf] sf/0f bnx¿ klg tTsfn l;dfgf ;+zf]wgdf hfg dflg/x]sf 5}gg\ . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ g]kfnL hgtf g} ;Ifd ePsf] a]nf ef/tn] lagfsf/0f l;dfgf ;+zf]wg ug{ bafa lbPsf] sf/0f g]kfnL g]tfx¿ xQkQ uNg] ;Defjgf 5}g . olb un] eg] pgLx¿sf] /fhgLlt vt/fdf kg]{ b]lvG5 . g]kfnn] uNtL gubf{ klg ef/tn] gfsfaGbL nufPsf] sf/0f g]kfnL hgtf ef/tsf] ljkIfdf 5g\ . ef/tsf] ljkIfdf hgtf /x]sf] a]nf ef/tnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ sfd g]tfx¿n] u/]/ l;dfgf ;+zf]wg u/] eg] pgLx¿ hgtfaf6 gfª\lug] ePsf] sf/0f l;dfgf ;+zf]wg tTsfn gx'g] b]lvPsf] xf] .
OGwgsf]=== 3fOt]x¿dWo] PshgfnfO{ yk pkrf/sf nflu sf7df8f}+ nluPsf] 5 . rf/3/]df v]tdf wfg sf6\g hfg r9]sf a]nf Ps} 3/sf kl/jf/ r9]sf] 6« s b' 3 { 6 gf ePsf] xf] . rf/3/] uflj;sf] dfGb|]9ª' \ufaf6 uf}/La];Ltkm{ hfFb} u/]sf] PnkL 6«s rf/3/] uflj;sf] j8f g+ = @ / ( sf] l;dfgfdf skmLaf/Lglhs} b' 3 { 6 gf xF ' b f Ps} kl/jf/sf !% hgf 3fOt] ePsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no g'jfsf]6n] hgfPsf] 5 . sDkf]:6 dn af]s]/ uf}/La];Ldf /x]sf] v]ttkm{ hfFb} u/]sf] a]nf 6«s ;8sjf6 @% ld6/ tn vf]N;fdf v;]sf rf/3/] uflj;sf k"j{cWoIf kz'klt sf]O/fnfn] hfgsf/L lbP . b' 3 { 6 gfdf rfns $) jifL{ o xf]daxfb'/ /fO{sf kl/jf/sf ;b:o tyf gft]bf/x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . 3fOt]]dWo] ^ hgfsf] l:ylt uDeL/ /x]sf] 5 . 3fOt]x¿sf] g'jfsf]6 l;6L c:ktfn / a§f/sf] ;~hLjgL d]l8sndf pkrf/ eO/x] s f] 5 . b' 3 { 6 gfdf rfns xf]daxfb'/sf lktf ^$ jifL{o t'naxfb'/, dftf %% jifL{of km"ndfof, elth !( jifL{o /d]z, a'xf/Lx¿ #) jifL{of lgd{nf, #$ jifL{of sNkgf / efO #^ jifL{o xl/ /fO{;lxt !% hgf 3fOt] ePsf x'g\ . ;Vt 3fOt]] xl/nfO{ yk pkrf/sf nflu sf7df8f+} k7fOPsf] lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v 8LP;kL l;l4ljqmd zfxn] hfgsf/L lbP . b'36{ gfdf 3fOt] ePsf cGo vt/fd'Qm /x]sf] lrlsT;sn] hgfPsf 5g\ . a|s ] km]n ePsf sf/0f 6«s c;Gt'lnt eO{ ;8saf6 tn k'u/]
b'36{ gf x'g ePsf] rfns xf]daxfb'/n] atfP . o;}aLr, afu]Zj/L uflj;sf] rf]sb]af6 sf7df8f}+ hfFb} u/]sf] af=!h (@&) gDa/sf] dfOqmf] ljb'/df ;8sd} b'36{ gf x'bF f To;df ofqf/t !@ hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . rf/hgf ljb'/sf] g'jfsf]6 l;6L c:ktfndf pkrf//t 5g\ eg] cGo pkrf/kl5 3/ kmls{;s]sf 5g\ . dfOqmf] klg a|s ] km]n eP/ b'36{ gf ePsf] cg'dfg k|x/Ln] u/]sf] 5 . g' j fsf] 6 l;6L c:ktfndf afu]Zj/L– * sL $# jifL{of /fds'df/L nfld5fg], ;f]xL uflj; j8f g+= % sL ## jifL{of /fddfof tfdfª, ;f]xL uflj; j8f g+= ^ sf @@ jifL{o ljgf]b wdnf / ;f]xL :yfgsf @^ jifL{o 5qaxfb'/ nfld5fg]sf] pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . ltxf/kl5 3/ kmls{g nfu]sf ofq'x¿ b'3{6gfdf k/]sf x'g\ .
/;'jfsf]=== s/f]8 k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 . kfFrj6f If] q df vr{ ug{ k| : tfj ul/Psf] ah]6cg';f/ k"jf{wf/ If]qdf Ps va{ !@ ca{ /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo] ljB't\ If] q df (& ca{ 5' 6 \ o fOPsf] 5 . To;}u/L cfly{s ljsf; If]qsf nflu (& s/f]8, ;fdflhs ljsf; If]qdf b'O{ ca{ %% s/f]8dWo] lzIffsf nflu b'O{ ca{ ## s/f]8 5'6\ofOPsf] 5 . To;afx]s e"s Dkn] Wj:t ePsf] ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0fdf !$ ca{ &) s/f]8 k|:tfj ul/Psf] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . k|:tfljt ah]6nfO{ cg'df]bg ub}{ ;ª\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnodf ljifout dGqfno;Fu a[xt\ 5nkmn u/L th'd{ f x'g5] . cfjlws of]hgf th'd{ fdf ;f+;b 5f]jfª t]lGhª tfdfª, k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd u]nfn, g]sfsf tL/axfb'/ u'?ª, nId0f b]jsf]6f, z'qmaxfb'/ lyª, Pdfn]sf ljho nfdf, lji0f'k;| fb b]jsf]6f, Pg]skf dfcf] j fbLsf hut h+ u , k| e fs/, dfcf]jfbL ljKnj ;d"xsf n]vgfy nfld5fg] , g] s kfsf lzjaxfb' / nfld5fg]nufot /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw tLg lbg;Dd of]hgf th'd{ fdf ;xefuL eO{ ;|f]t h'6fpg], vr{ ug]{, k| f yldstf tf] S g] / sfof{ G jog u/fpg]af/]df ;lqmo pkl:ylt hgfPsf lyP . ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgdf ;a} bnsf k|ltlglwn] ;d[4 gofF /;'jfsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu of]hgf agfPsfn] s'g} ljjfb g/x]sf] atfPsf lyP . bnLo :jfy{eGbf dfly p7]/ th'{df ePsf] of]hgfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lta4tf;d]t pgLx¿n] JoQm u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L of]hgf th'd{ fdf lhNnfsf ljifout sfof{nosf k|dv ' , u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, /;'jfsf lqmofzLn ;~rf/sdL{;lxt ;xefuL eO{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . pb\3f6g / ;dfkgsf] qmddf k|dv ' cltly ;f+;b 5f]jfª t]lGhª tfdfªn] kfFrjif{] cfjlws of]hgfsf nflu cfjZos ah]6 ljifout dGqfnoaf6 h'6fpg kxn ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm u/]sf lyP . 8\ LPdcfO{sf] ljz]if1 6f]nLn] ;dGjo / k|fljlws ;xof]u of]hgf th'd{ f ePsf] lyof] . k|fs[lts ;|ft] / ;fwgn] el/k"0f{ /;'jfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf nflu klxnf] ;|ft] hnljB't\ pTkfbgaf6 k|fKt x'g] /f]oN6LnfO{ k|:tfljt of]hgfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . clxn] klg /;'jfn] k|fKt ul//x]sf] ;|ft] eg]sf] ljB't\ pTkfbg, lgs'~h, ko{6g z'Ns /x]sf] 5 .
;fj{hlgs=== sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cltly g'jfsf]6sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L pd]zs'df/ 9sfnn] e"sDk tyf gfsfaGbLsf] kL8f Joxf]l//x]sf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;d:of
tLg ls;fgnfO{ /fi6«klt pTs[i6 k'/:sf/ ljb'/ . &) jif{sf] pd]/df /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]kl5 dbfgk'/– ^ sf v8\uk|;fb /}nf pT;flxt ePsf 5g\ . ;fdfGo ls;fgLdf lhGbuL latfPsf /}nfn] kl5Nnf] Ps bzsb]lv ;'? u/]sf] kmnkm"n v]tLn] pgnfO{ lhNnf:t/Lo /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/ sflQs @$ ut] lbnfPsf] xf] . !) xhf/ ?k}ofF gub;lxt d+unaf/ k'/:sf/ / k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf /}nfn] efj's x'bF } eg],] …k'/:sf/ kfpF5' eg]/ v]tL u/]sf] xf]Og, d]/f] /x/ / hfFu/n] kmnkm"n v]tL ul//x]5' . k'/:sf/} lbP . v';L nflu/x]5 .Ú clxn] /}nfn] !# /f]kgL hUufdf s]/f, cgf/, sfutL, ;'Gtnf, cfFk, lnrL, s6x/, xn'jfa]bnufotsf] kmnkm"n v]tL ul//x]sf 5g\ . jif{df tLg nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L cfDbfgL ul//x]sf /}nfn] !) /f]kgL hUufdf k]ml/ v]tL lj:tf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . /}nfh:t} !) ?k}ofFsf] lapaf6 t/sf/L v]tL u/]sf ;'gvfgL– ^ sf ;Gtaxfb'/ 8ª\uf]nn] clxn] @) /f] k gL hUufdf t/sf/L v] t L ul//x]sf 5g\ . uf]ne]+8f, v';f{gLnufot v]tL ul//x]sf 8ª\uf]nn] /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/ kfPkl5 eg], …nugzLn eP/ sfd ub}{ uP b]zn] klg ;DemFbf]/x]5 . cfpFbf lbgdf cem} ldlxg]t ug{ xf};nf lbPsf] 5 of] k'/:sf/n] .Ú k'/:s[t kz'kfns ls;fg rfpy]– ^ sf hLjgk|;fb lwtfn afv|fkfng ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ls;fg lwtfnn] eg]], …kz'kfngsf] g]kfndf eljio
w]/} /fd|f] 5 . t/, ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ lbg'kg]{hlt k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5}g .Ú …s[lif / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff– ul/aL 36fpg] k|lta4tfÚ eGg] gf/fsf] ;fy cfof]lht #% ljZj vfB lbj;sf] sfo{qmddf tLghgf ls;fgnfO{ bz–bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;lxt lhNnf:t/Lo /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . lhNnfsf Jofj;flos ¿kdf s[lif
sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf ls;fgaf6 5gf]6 ePsf tLghgf ls;fgnfO{ k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf k|dv ' sdn/fh u}/]n] atfP . ;f] x L sfo{ q mddf ljZj vfB lbj;sf] cj;/df …s[lif / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff–ul/aL 36fpg] k| l ta4tfÚ zLif{ s df ul/Psf] lhNnf:t/Lo dfWoflds ljBfno:t/Lo lgaGw k|ltof]lutfsf ljhoLnfO{ klg k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
g'jfsf]6df klg /fhgLlts dlxnf d~r u7g ljb'/ . /fhgLlts ¿kdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf a9fpg eGb} g'jfsf]6df /fhgLlts dlxnf d~r u7g ePsf] 5 . sflQs @! ut] tLglbg] g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd ;dfkgsf] lbg d~rsf] lhNnf ;ldlt u7g ePsf] xf] . /fhgLlts dlxnf d~rsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] tflnddf g]skf Pdfn], g]kfnL sfª\u|];, PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL, /fk|kf g]kfn, /fk|kfsf elugL ;ª\u7gsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . dlxnfnfO{ gofF ;+ljwfgdf ;d]l6Psf] dlxnf clwsf/af/] hfgsf/L lbOPsf], dlxnfsf] /fhgLlts ;d:of, r'gf}tL / ;d:of ;dfwfgsf pkfox¿af/] 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . o:t} sfo{qmddf ca x'g] :yfgLo lgsfo lgjf{rgdf ;lqmo ;xelutf a9fpg klg cf–cfkm\gf] bndf dlxnf ;lqmo u/fpg cfu|x ul/Psf] lyof] . ljb'/ gu/kflnsf / ljleGg uflj;af6 ;xefuL %) dlxnfnfO{ lgd{nf If]qL, ljdnf s];L, t'n;f bfxfn, cfzf nfdf, /f]zg sfsL{nufotn] gofF ;+ljwfgdf dlxnfsf] cj:yf, cfufdL :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts tyf g]t[Tjdf dlxnfsf] ;jfnsf ;Gbe{df k|lzIf0f lbPsf] g]kfn dlxnf ;ª\3 g'jfsf]6sL cWoIf sNkgf g]kfnLn] atfOg\ . k|lzIf0fkl5 /fk|kf g]kfnsL dLgf yfkfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf g'jfsf]6 /fhgLlts d~r u7g ul/Psf] 5 . d~rsf] ;b:odf sNkgf g]kfnL, ¿kf cof{n, gLnd pk|]tL, ;ljgf gu/sf]6L, ljdnf tfdfª, sNkgf l/dfn, ;'eb|f g]kfn, b]ptL pk|]tL, lgd{nf clwsf/L, ;ljtf kf08], c+u/' yklnof, ci6dfof nfdf, kljq nfdf / ;'lgtf tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . d~rsf] ;+of]hs ^–^ dlxgfdf kl/jt{g x'Fb} /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx¿n] kfn}kfnf] g]t[Tj ug]{5g\ . ;dfwfgsf nflu k|zf;g tof/ /x]sf] atfP . pgn] lhNnfdf ljleGg ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu oftfoft Joj;foL, ;j{;fwf/0f ;a}sf] ;xof]u h?/L /x]sf] atfP . :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L gf/fo0fk|;fb l/;fnn] lhNnfdf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ ubf{ s;}n] klg sld;g tyf of] jf Tof] axfgfdf s'g} klg /sd k| f ljlws tyf ;DalGwt sfof{nonfO{ lbg gkg]{ :ki6 kf/] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v k|x| /L gfoj pk/LIfs l;l4ljqmd zfxn] ljb'/ gu/kflnsf / ^! uflj;jf;LnfO{ ;' / Iffsf] k| T ofe" l t lbnfpg k| x /L lqmofzLn /x]sf] bfaL u/]] . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sfª\u;]| g'jfsf]6sf ;b:o /fh'
xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd –
yfkfn] e"sDkkl5sf] k'glg{df{0f / ljsf; lgdf{ 0 fsf sfo{ ug] { sfof{ n osf sd{rf/Lsf ;DaGwdf nfdf] ;dob]lv u'0f:t/ / kf/blz{tfsf] ;DaGwdf hgtfaf6 u'gf;f] cfO/x]sf sf/0f o;sf] ;dfwfgtkm{ s]lGb|t /xg'kg]{ atfP . ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO sfo{qmddf lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nosf k|d'v lhNnf OlGhlgo/ nf] s gfy /] U dL, lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no g'jfsf]6df vu] G b| / fh e§, lhNnf vfg] k fgL sfof{nosf k|d'v OlGhlgo/ cf]dxl/ tfd| f sf/nufotsf sfof{no k|d'vx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] sfof{noaf6 hgtfnfO{ s' g } klg sfddf l9nf;':tL gug]{ k|lta4tf hgfP .
xflb{s >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0f @)&@÷)&÷!&
hGd @)!!÷)#÷!&
:juf{/f]x0f @)&@÷)&÷!&
o; ;ª\3sL dlxnf ;x;lrj >LdtL /fhs'df/L zfxLsf >Ldfg\ Pjd\ g]kfn lghfdtL sd{rf/L o'lgog /;'jfsf cWoIf tyf uflj;;lrj l6sdaxfb'/ zfxLsf] ut sflQs !& ut] u|fªdf ePsf] a; b'3{6gfdf k/L c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf] va/n] xfdL :tAw ePsf 5f}F . b'Mvb\ o; 38Ldf zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm ldnf];\ eGg] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F . ;fy} lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf nflu xflb{s >4f~hnL JoQm ub{5f}F .
o; ;ª\3sL ljlzi6 ;b:o Pjd\ lhNnf sld6L ;b:o lgd{nf clwsf/LsL ddtfdoL dftf xf]ds'df/L clwsf/Lsf] ut sflQs !& ut] u|fªdf ePsf] a; b'36{ gfdf k/L c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf] va/n] b'MvL ePsf 5f}F . zf]ssf] o; 38Ldf zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt w}ow{ f/0f ug]{ zlQm ldnf];\ eGg] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F . ;fy} lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf nflu xflb{s >4f~hnL JoQm ub{5f}F .
g]kfn lzIfs ;ª\3 kl/jf/
g]kfn lzIfs ;ª\3 kl/jf/
lhNnf sfo{;ldlt, w'Gr], /;'jf
&
lhNnf sfo{;ldlt, w'Gr], /;'jf
k|ltof]lutfdf lqe'jg lqz"nL pdfljsf 8f]Ndf nfdf klxnf], lqlq pdfljs} k]df nfdf bf];f| ], If]qkfn pdflj rf}38fsf ;'dg kl08t t];f| ] / u|fdL0fb]jL dflj ;'gvfgLsL c~hnL tfdfª ;fGTjgf ePsf 5g\ . k|ltof]lutfsf ljh]tfnfO{ qmdzM b'O{ xhf/, Ps xhf/ kfFr ;o, Ps xhf/ / cf7 ;o ?k}ofF;lxt k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/sf/ tyf k|df0fkq ljt/0f ub}{ ;xfos k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L vu]Gb| l3ld/]n] /fi6«klt pTs[i6 s[ifs k' / :sf/n] cGo s[ i fsnfO{ klg xf};nf k|bfg ug]{ atfP . pgn] g]kfn s[lifdf yk k/lge{/ xF'b} uPsf] n ] k/lge{ / tf x6fpg klg ls;fgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{kg]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L gf/fo0fk|;fb l/;fnn] e"sDksf] sf/0f ls;fgsf] cGgdf Iflt ePsfn] clxn] cGg e08f/0f ug]{ a]nfdf 3/ gePsf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf lhNnf ;b:o /fh' yfkfn] OGwg cefjn] ls;fgnfO{ v] t L nufpg ;d:of ePsfn] ls;fgnfO{ tTsfn OGwg pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf xL/fgfy vltj8fn] ls;fgnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ cem} /fHon] gLlt / ah]6 Nofpg g;Sbf ls;fg ;w}F kl5 kl//x]sf] atfP .
;fDaf] v]nf8L :jb]z lkmtf{ sf7df8f}+ . df]/Ssf]sf] Sof;fd]gfdf ljZj ;fDaf] k|ltof]lutfdf efu lnO{ g]kfnL v]nf8L 6f]nL d+unaf/ :jb]z kms]{sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;docg';f/ ut sflQs @% ut]bl] v #) ut];Dd ePsf] k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng g'jfsf]6 ljb'/lgjf;L g]kfn ;fDaf] dxf;ª\3sf dxf;lrj pQd >]i7sf] g]tT[ jdf tLg ;b:oLo 6f]nLn] ;f] v]ndf efu lnPsf] lyof] . ^@ s]hL tf}n ;d"xdf x]dk|d vqLn] n'ldlgof / ^* s]hL tf}n ;d"xdf uf]kfn k'g du/n] yfONofG8;Fu k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf lyP . ;f] v]ndf (# b]zsf gf} ;o v]nf8Ln] efu lnPsf lyP . v]ndf g]kfnL v]nf8L cjf8{ljxLg ag] .
g]kfn ;/sf/ cy{ dGqfno cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefu
s/bftf ;]jf sfof{no, afnfh'sf] cg'/f]w …;d[4 /fi6« lgdf{0f / km/flsnf] s/fwf/ M s/bftfd}qL Pjd\ ;'b[9 s/ k|0ffnL k"jf{wf/Ú d"n gf/f;lxt rf}yf] /fli6«o s/ lbj;, @)&@ ;KtfxJofkL ¿kdf eJotfsf ;fy dgfpg] sfo{qmdcGtu{t lgDglnlvt sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf]n] ;Dk"0f{ pBf]uL, Jofkf/L, k];fut Joj;foL, ;/sf/L sfof{no, ;ª\3;+:yf tyf lh1f;' ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjnfO{ ;xeflutfsf nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}F .
s/sf] rrf{ 3/ 3/df u/f}+, s/ lt/f}+ /fi6« lgdf{0fdf ;xefuL agf}+,
lh=k|=sf= g'jfsf]6 b=g+=)@÷)%^÷)%& g'=lh=x'=b=g+=)$÷)%^÷)%& d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+=)@÷)^)÷)^!
laxLaf/, dª\ dª\ll;/ ;/ #,#, @)&@ @)&@ laxLaf/,
t'Kr]df ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd hndflkmofsf] kIfdf ;jf]R{ rsf] cfb]z
t'Kr] . g'jfsf]6sf] t'Kr] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt]df xfn} u7g ePsf] Go' t'Kr] o'jf Snan] cSs/]ahf/df v'nf lgTo k|ltof]lutf, ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmd sflQs @# ut] eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;ef;b\ /fddfof af]u6Lsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{ q mddf nf]sufos p4j sfsL{, n]vgfy cfrfo{, ;'jf; zdf{nufotn] uLt ufP/ sfo{ q mdnfO{ yk dgf] / ~hgfTds
agfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf gjgflosf /hgL s];L, df]8n ] /ZdL tfdfª, OlG8og 8fG; slDkl6;gdf km:6{ /g/ck lhTg ;kmn lgd{n tfdfªnufotnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . Snasf cWoIf lbg]z af] u 6Lsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] g[To k|ltof]lutfdf l;+un, 8an / u|k' u/L !% l6dsf] ;xeflutf /x] s f] lyof] . pk] G b| a' 9 fyf] s Ln] ;~rfng u/]sf] sfo{qmddf :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL ;'dg ===afFsL & k]hdf
ljb'/ . lzv/a];L / ;d'Gb|6f/ uflj;df tfbL vf]nfdf lgdf{0ffwLg xL/f/Tg xfO8«f]kfj/sf] lgdf{0f /f]Sg :yfgLon] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf lbPsf] l/6df ;jf]{Rrn] l/6adf]lhd cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ug'{ gkg]{ km};nf u/]kl5 xL/f/Tg xfO8«f]kfj/nfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{ cl3 a9fpg af6f] v'n]sf] 5 . pQm cfof]hgf lgdf{0f u/fpg xL/f/Tgn] :yfgLo /fhgLlts bnb] l v ;/sf/sf dGqL;DdnfO{ k|efljt kfb{} cfPsf] lyof] . b' K r] Z j/ ;+ / If0f ;dfhsf] tkm{af6 s'df/ kl08tn] hnljB't\sf] sf/0f tfbL vf]nfdf kfgLsf] jxfj 36\g] xF'bf wfld{s :yn b'K r]Zj/ dxfb]jsf] dlGb/ cf]em]ndf kg]{ eGb} hnljB't\ lgdf{0f sfo{ /f]Sgsf nflu ;jf]{Rrdf l/6 bfo/ u/]sf lyP . ;jf] { R r cbfntsf k| w fgGofofwLz sNof0f >] i 7 /
GofofwLz hubLz zdf{ kf}8n ] sf] ;+oQ' m Ohnf;n] sflQs @( ut] l/6 lgj]bgadf]lhd cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ug'{ gkg]{ 7x/ u/L lgodadf]lhd lgdf{0f ug"{ eGg] cfb]z lbPsf] xf] . km};nfkl5 xL/f/TgnfO{ lgdf{0fsf] qmddf cfOk/]sf] cfbntL cj/f]waf6 af6f] v'n]sf] 5 . % d] u fjf6 Ifdtfsf] pQm cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut Ps ca{ !) s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . tLg d]ufjf6sf] Sof;]6 kl/of]hgf;d]t u/L s'n cf7 d]ufjf6 pTkfbg ul/g] xL/f/Tg xfO8«f]sf cWoIf ab|L d}gfnLn] atfP . b'Kr]Zj/ If]q ;+/If0f cfof]hgfsf] cfjZostfcg' ; f/ ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjcGtu{t /x]/ vr{ ug]{ of]hgf /x] s f] cWoIf d} g fnLn] atfP . …b'Kr]Zj/ If]qsf] tkm{af6 s'g} k|:tfj cfPsf] 5} g . pgLx¿n] k| : tfj Nofpg'k¥of] . ;f]xLcg';f/ xfdL ;xof]u u5f}+{ eg]sf 5f}F,Ú cWoIf d}gfnLn] eg] .
lqe'jg lqz"nL ax'dvL sn]h lqz"nLdf z}lIfs ;q @)&@÷)&# sf nflu $ jif]{ aLaLP; tyf aL=P8 sfo{qmdcGtu{t k|yd jif{df egf{ v'Nof] .
sIff ;'? ldlt M @)&@ dª\l;/ & ut]bl] v
4 years (TU)
NEA College Gongabu, Samakhushi Chowk, Kathmandu Ph: 01-4352173,4364150 Voice Notice Service 1618-01-4352173
g'jfsf]6, /;'jf / wflbªsf ljBfyL{x?sf] cAan /f]hfO{
Admissions
BBS
Open
4 years (TU)
:t/Lo lzIff xfd|f] k|lta4tf
SS COLLEGE Machhapokhari, Bypas, Kathmandu Ph. 01-4350674, 4390019, Notice No. 161801-4390019 Praposed Programme: BBA
lk|lG;kn Education is not Preparation for Life, Education is Life itself
BBS
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34 years of Academic Excellence
Admission Open
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Admission Open
RAJDHANI COLLEGE
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For
BBS BA 4 YEAR Management
(TU)
Major SubjectEnglish, Sociology, RD, MassCommunation
Special Scholarship Offer for Out of Valley Students Tarun Marga, Balaju By-pass, Kathmandu Ph. No.:- 01-4352200, 01-6924000
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