ABPL 20050 DESIGN WORKSHOP YI TAN
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CONTENTS
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B1
CINEMA + ARCHITECTURE
B2
DESIGN DECISIONS
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WHAT TO DO WHEN STUCK 3
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CINEMA + ARCHITECTURE Consider how to learn from films and film-making tecniques. Meanwhile, the approach to the thinking of film-making, and how can we translated to architectural context, and what can we learn from film are also significant for this topic's discussion. Nieland’s analysis of Lynch as a designer of moving environments continues a marked shift evident in recent scholarship on the director. While earlier critiques of Lynch tended to focus on questions of gender, sound and, in particular, his affiliation with postmodernism, critics in the last few years have begun to confront in various ways the unique spatial qualities of his cinema. In Todd McGowan’s influential schema, each of Lynch’s films is composed of two distinct spatial units – a sparse world of desire and a heightened world of fantasy. Akira Mizuta Lippit has explored the ubiquitous passages operating in Lynch’s films, while Tom McCarthy has focused on Lynch’s intricate networks. Notably, contemporary architects have for a long time been interested in the spaces Lynch has designed: in 2009, Frank Gehry incorporated images from Inland Empire in his plans for a cultural centre in Łódź; in 2000, Jean Nouvel, ‘impressed by David Lynch and his aesthetics,’ decorated a Swiss hotel room with a still from Lost Highway; while, as far back as 1991, Peter Eisenman highlighted how Lynch upsets our conventional expectations: ‘All our lives are spent learning how to get it: Lynch un-learns us’. Learning from Lynch, then, might be considered to be foremost a lesson in counter-intuitive design.
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#MONTAGE THEORY Sergei Eisenstein
Montage and collage may be counted among the principal artistic strategies in modernity. Their impact has been discussed widely with regard to disciplines such as painting and sculpture, literature, music, and, most importantly, film. As far as architecture is concerned, montage and collage and the respective theoretical concepts have been referred to frequently in postmodern discourse, albeit—for the most part—on a purely metaphorical level. 6
Simply, using different fragments has positive effects on generating new meaning. In the example above, a man combined with different elements can create a completely different feelings and imagination. In building, it is possible to make spatial montage of the assemblage of different functions and creatie new meanings by them. 7
#MONTAGE AND ARCHITECTURE
Sergei Eisenstein (1940) The best way to film architecture and buildings, is not cutting between different points of view. The best way is having a continuous and uninterrupted take and uninterrupted movement of the spectator to see the architecture. It is how you perceive architectural in the real life. For showing this, we can use the combination of plans and perceptible views to show the direct feeling and experience of the person in this place. As we move to the spaces, you are perceiving this point of view and the continuous and uninterrupted movement. 8
#COMMONALITIES
between filming and architecture
· Movement Perceive architectural in movement: taking journey to different spaces and bringing emotion
· Time · Spatial Articulation Depth/Volume/ Masses/Recessed vs Protruded spaces
· Scale
Close-up/Medium Shot/ Long-shot Sub-human/ Human / Architectural (scale) Materiality/Furniture / Buildings Details / Objects / Interiors Hand / Body/ House
· Peripheral Vision
You are not looking at the thing you are looking at You are not looking only at the thing you are looking at (There is a main character moving around or repeating the same movement, but the point is not to focus on the character but the surrounding environment)
· Extra Dimensions : Virtual architecture, Sound… 9
DESIGN TASK #Design Brief · Artist residence for 2 persons · 2 bedrooms · 2 bathrooms · 1 kitchen · 1 shared studio
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#BUBBLE DIAGRAMS
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¡ Circulation / Movement - spaces collect other spaces (such as corriders) - how to move from 1 room to another room ¡ Pick a KEY SPACE - areas surrounding - relation & connection with different spaces (circular, linear, different alternative) - size & scale - distances
#IDEA DEVELOPMENT
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#PHYSICAL MODEL
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ENTRANCE
BEDROOM A BATHROOM A KITCHEN
STUDIO BEDROOM B BATHROOM B
#FINAL MODEL WITH DETAILS · Consider the detailed elements including furniture · Size & scale · Three dimentional model 14
In this week’s tutorial exercise, we are asked to design a residential apartment together. This is the second time that the whole class doing the task together. Similar with the previous one, we are divided into three groups which are amenity, poetry and technology. I am in the poetry that mainly in charge of making paper models based on the babble diagrams drawn by the amenity group. During the process of model making, we realize that it is important to consider the circulation in the proper way. A well-designed circulation affects the way that rooms with different functions connect to each other. Meanwhile, it is significant to consider not only the functions of the room but also the convenience of users. In order to provide a better experience for users, we try to draw storyboard and consider each detail carefully. Finally, select the most suitable plan as the design of this project. Another problem we have found is that the size and scale. According to the babble diagram from the amenity group, size of each room should be decided. However, in the actual situation, the size is not decided because of lacking consideration. Therefore, we design the size and also ensure the scale of model fits the plan have been drawn which is a hard work but full of challenges.
WEEK 5 REFLECTION 15
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DESIGN DECISION #DEFINITION · A moment you choose between options - during the decide process · Resolving a question inherent in your project · Selecting a design method to employ next - site analysis - desiced to do some mapping exercises · Selecting to edit and reduce elements in your design · Selecting a metaphor for your project · Selecting the scale at which you will focus on the next stage development- focuse on the facade - playing with the form · ....
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路 ATTACK THE CONTEXT
- Appraise the situation - what am I trying to achieve - Alter your thinking - How am I thinking and relation to this - Apporach the context
路 SUSPEND THE JUDGEMENT
- Delay your respoense - Open opportunities - Create new perspectives - the first idea is not necessatily the best or THE ONE
路 EMBRACE THE COMPLEXITY
路 EXPAND AND CONCENTRATE
#WHAT
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- Do not reduce scope, or be aware that you are doing so and why - Do not be afraid of having many oppertunities, or many options - Recognise your assumptions - talking through with others often help this - Stop your assumptions - Expand your knowledge through research - Broaden your field of understanding - precednets are good - Speculate and reflect on what you have discovered
#HOW 路 SEARCH FOR PATTERNS 路 DEEPEN THE THEMES
路 SHARPEN THE FRAMES
路 BE PREPARED
- Identify and explain pattern, in your designing or design thinking - Did you follow the same process while your are designing projects - What are the differences compared to the previous works
- Develop the potentials to bring design project further - Work at multiple scales - playing ideas with metaphor - Interplay ideas with each other - layers to your projects - Investigate many options to achieve the same aim - Framing of your research - Communicate your interpretations clearly - understanding what your assumptions are - Reflect on this - Is this logical? - What I intended
- SUPPROT YOUR INTERPRETATION TO SHOW YOUR JOURNEY - EXPLAIN TO SOMEONE
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#OUTCOME · CREATE THE MOMENT
· FOLLOW THROUGH
- Communication - Get expert advice - Discuss with your peers - Ascertain your assumptions - Ensure your assumption if they are logical
- Intergrate these into your design
Key theme and the Design process Graphically present your thinking on your design thinking
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- Doing in stages - Documented what you did and illustrated strength and weeknesses - potentially strategy to help you improve
After doing this exercise, consider: - what is successful and useful? - what did not work for you - argument with teammate? - suggest strategies for how you can do a better exercise 21
#HOW TO MAKE DECISION -
ASPECT YOU CONSIDER
Design Brief and clients' requirement Context and site analysis Experience Visual quality Regulations Circulation and movement - connections between inside and outside Simplicity inform and meaning - personal design style Comparison to the precedents - consider their strength and weakness Size and magnitude and scales - consider whether it is situable for the site, ect. climate Light and shadow Time and working schedule Material Budget ...
DESIGN TASK
#EXERCISE 1. Consider the design process that you have followed while you are doing the previous design project, and write down the step of decision making. Find the rules for decision making and consider why. 22
#BRAINSTORMING
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#DEVELOPED DIAGRAM
#DIAGRAM 24
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2. Attempt to create a list of 20 questions to ask yourself when you are conducting reasoning, understanding, identifying and deciding when you take on a design project. 1. What is the design brief? 2. What is the main theme/topic for this project? 3. Where is the site and what should I consider about the site? 4. Can I take advantages of the landscape and how? 5. What is the scale or the size of this project? 6. In order to show the topic, what material should be used? 7. How about the circulation and how the people move around the building? 8. How many accesses and windows should be in the project? 9. How to manage LIGHT and SHADOW properly? 10. What are the funcitons of this project? 11. Are there any precedent works that I can compare with? 12. During the process of drawing the plan, are there any questions or problem? 13. How to solve? 14. After finishing the plan, to make the physical model based on the plan. During this process, are there any questions or problems? 15. How to solve 16. How do the users feel when they experience this building? 17. During the process of drawing the storyboard, are there any questions or problem 18. How to manage the time properly? 19. Looking back to the design brief, are there any points missing or misunderstanding? 20. Intergrate all elements and informations, what can I learn from this project designing.
#EXERCISE 26
WEEK 6 REFLECTION In this week, we mainly focus on design decision. In fact, before having this week’s lecture, I have never considered this question before. Actually it is not a question, but a key point that is necessary for our design studies. Previously, when I was doing a project, I usually just did what I thought should be done in this stage. For example, I usually wrote down the design brief at the first stage and analyzed it in detail. After that I would decide a key theme for my project and then develop this idea into real model following the design brief. I never considered that I followed the same structure of the process of designing. After this week’s studying, I noticed that actually I always started with the similar beginning, nevertheless, during the developments changes happened that due to every time I finished the project in different ways. In order to find out the reason why this happened, I look back to each project I have done and find that each time I met different objective or subjective problems such as improper time management, wrong material selection, great difference between imagination and real model, etc. This is an important observation that points out all the problems I have met that reflects on my weakness in various aspects. Meanwhile, I notice that to have a nice design decision is helpful and efficient for projects ‘designing. I will try to make proper design decision in the next time.
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WHAT TO DO WHEN STUCK #GETTING UNSTUCK · Take a Break · Changing Designer’s Frame of Reference · Changing Medium of Working – make a paper model or paint · Changing When You Work – eg. Change you working time from morning to evening · Arbitrary Exercises – put yourself through an exercise · Arbitrary Time periods
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1. Design a Perfect Room (3 mins)
Now, take 5 mins and jot down three points for each on why these tasks were so difficult 1. The key words for topics is hard to define - "PERFECT" OR "MOST BEAUTIFUL" 2. The question is too broad - brings to many ideas 3. Cannot catch the key point - lack off details
TO PRODUCE A GOOD DESIGN, THEN ... 2. Design the most Beautiful Space you can imagine (3 mins)
· Never try to do or to design the best or the most beautiful, the perfect · Always, try to tease out what is possible (even if it looks very strange at first), then choose.
#EXERCISE 30
#BLOCKS
¡ Perceptual
- cannot see problem or useful information - eg through stereotyping
Spending great amount of the money building the skyscraper and the rest parts of the city are considered as its landscape. 31
¡ Emotional
- fear of risk, unable to tolerate ambiguity, prefer to judge not generate, cannot relax - there are no right answers that brings scare to the first year student
When there is a rainy day, rainwater will be collected by the gutter and run throung the pipes which will make music.
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Teahouse Tetsu tree house. A Japanese teahouse in a tree by architect Terunobu Fujimori. The inside of it is simple and modern while the outside is pure fantasy. You can find this tree house surrounded by gorgeous cherry blossoms (sakura) at the Kiyoharu Shirakaba Museum in Hokuto City, Japan.
¡ Cultural
- taboos, play is for children, emotions bad/logic good, tradition better than change
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¡ Environmental
- lack cooperation, trust; autocratic leader, distractions, lack of support for realization - About the teamwork
Columns outside are vertical, but the columns inside incline at a certain angle. Floors are parallel to the horizontal line.
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¡ Intellectual
- inflexibility, inadequate use of approaches, insufficient and/or incorrect information
¡ Expressive
Set design from modernist plays or modernist operaPlay with scales, play with perspective and trying to have emotional effects on it.
- inappropriate language/mode of approach, inadequate language/mode for
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Design a set of tasks for your classmate that reflect on the three main theme that we have learned throungh out the whole semester: Amenity, Poetry and Technology. Meanwhile, do the tasks designed by your classmates and give feedback on them. In the first part of this task, to design an exercise that can teach the main idea of "amenity, poetry and technology”. Firstly, I consider that instead of designing 3 completely different tasks, it would be better to design a series of exercises on developing one project. Secondly, based on the essence of these three topics, I start with “amenity” and then to “poetry”, finally come to “technology”. Considering about the meaning of these three topics on designing project: Amenity – Analyze the requirements or aims given by the question in order to find out the design brief for this project. – Develop with details and consider different aspects (such as site analysis) to deepen the theme and requirements. Poetry – Based on the design brief given by the first step, design various plans for this project – Think about the strength and weakness of each plan and choose the best one which is the most suitable for the design brief. Technology – Make a sketch or paper model for the plan which has been chosen in the previous step – Consider the details of this plan (such as furniture, finishes, etc .) – In order to show the spatial experience of this project, draw a storyboard and look back to the design brief.
Design a house for a family: father is a gardener; mother is an artist; there are two children in this family whose are around 8 years old. They want a double-storey building for their new home. Please design this project follow the steps have been mentioned above. 36
DESIGN TASK
Here are the tasks given by my classmate: SPACE / GREEN / CONNECTIVITY 1. Looking at the 3 words individually, sketch the first 3 images associated with each word (such as 3 images of “SPACE”)
2. Take one word from each category you are most interested in or want to explore and then design a building that people can vacate. (focus on façade or general framing or shape of building)
3. Think about context, what is purpose of building? Design interior connections, what is essential for building’s main purpose, etc. And think about location of building (intangibles, such as public transport, hospitals, parks, shops, etc.)
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Feedback about the work I have done in the tutorial: Generally speaking, these three tasks are designed quite well and suitable for these topics. They are not similar with the task I have designed in the previous part that questions are all under one project development. These questions are started with an abstract concept and then develop them to become realistic which I have not been thinking about. The first question is similar to the exercise that we have done in the first tutorial. Making graphical interpretation has positive influences on the understanding of key words in various aspects. It is a good exercise for broaden our imagination and divergent thinking. However, there are still some problems in these tasks. The biggest one is that the project asked to design is too board and without any restriction. Actually, in the second question, I am asked to design a building based on the imaginations that made in the previous question. Nevertheless, most of the sketches have been drawn are reflecting on abstract ideas. Therefore, to design a building based on few abstract ideas refers to “just design a building�. It makes this question really hard to solve. It remains me of the exercise have been done in the lecture of this week that is also to design something with a very board idea. It illustrates that the importance of implementing to details.
WEEK 7 REFLECTION 38