ANNIVERSARY
EDITION
Inspiring
CATWALKS Eye care meets eye fashion
The windows
OF THE SOUL
Human and animal eyes: countless complex miracles every second
Famous
frame designers Artists with a message
Before you put on
your new pair of glasses This is how lenses are made
POWERED BY
DANISH DESIGN 路 CUSTOMIZED 路 COMFORT 路 FA
FASHION 路 LIGHTWEIGHT 路 47 DESIGN AWARDS
A bird’s eye view
He had a good eye
Seeing is believing
BULL’S EYE
SEEING EYE TO EYE Seeing through rose-coloured glasses To keep an eye on something A true eye catcher We hope you will enjoy Blinq Magazine.
HOYA VISION CARE EUROPE
OPTICAL HIGH-QUALITY LENS MANUFACTURER
COLOPHON
CONTENT THE Windows of the soul
6
Human and animal eyes: countless complex miracles every second
Production by: Hoya Lens Supported by: Havana Orange Design: Goedinvorm grafische producties BV Cover
Famous frame designers
9
Artists with a message
Model: Nadia Kloet Photography: Joost van Velsen and Sjoerd van Dijk Frames:
PRESBYOPIA
16
Inspiring catwalks
19
When your arms are getting too short Eye care meets eye fashion
Spectacles from the 1950s (private collection) Framers, coco 101 Kio Yamato, Kp-088U col 04 Illustrations Schwandt Infographics (‘Before you put on a new pair of glasses’)
The sun and uv radiation
24
How they affect your eyes
Victor Feenstra / Zie magazine p.33 (‘Experience new possibilities in 3D’) Jorien Doorn (‘The amazing era of presbyopia’) Krikke Books and Fiestoforo (‘Optical illusions’)
Mirror, mirror on the wall...
Who is the fairest of all?
28
What light does on your lenses
Acknowledgements Globrands Framers (www.framers.com) Fashion Vision (www.fashionvision.be)
Sports & glasses
30
The importance of sharp vision
Prummel Optiversum Groenhof Optiek Roberto Doodkorte
AS SEEN ONLINE
34
Make a lasting impression
36
Tips to enjoy your glasses longer
Luxottica Anna-Karin Karlsson, Slav Nowosad and Tipton Zakariás Transitions Optical Sony Europe Samsung Electronics Dmitry Samal
Contemporary Danish Frame Design
40
Trends according to FLEYE and Ørgreen Optics
Stuart Haygarth Nick Jinkinson www.hoya.eu A N N I V E R S A R Y D I T I O N
E
Liked this part? Turn the magazine to discover more about the amazing world of vision. 4
POW
ERED
BY
1941 20 11
photography: davidbiene
photography: davidbiene
High quality acetate frames Handmade in Germany We are ready for check-in! Check out! www.framers.de Framers GmbH I Kreuzbergstr. 30 I 10965 Berlin I Tel. 0049 (0)30-322961630 I www.framers.de
THE WINDOWS Human and animal eyes: countless complex miracles every second
6
OF THE SOUL Retina Optic Nerve
Iris
They reflect our mood and our feelings, they work tirelessly every waking moment, and they are a miracle of optical engineering. But how do our eyes exactly work?
W
Cornea Pupil
Lens
e open our eyes in the morning
coloured part of the eye. The iris acts like the
rods can ‘see’ black and white, whilst cones
and they immediately start working.
shutter of a camera, opening up to allow
can ‘see’ colours. Together they turn the
They effortlessly shift focus from far to
more light into the eye in low-light conditions,
received picture into an electrical message.
extreme close-by distance, they distinguish
and closing up to allow less light in when
This message travels from the retina along
the subtlest differences between countless
conditions are bright. The dark area in the
the optic nerve to the brain, which flips the
colours and they work brilliantly in both bright
centre of the iris is the pupil. This is the area
images the right way up and then relays those
conditions and near darkness. So how do
where the controlled amount of light enters
images to other parts of the brain.
our eyes perform these countless complex
the main body of the eye. Plenty amazing facts
miracles every second of every day? And how do our eyes differ from those in the animal
Messages to the brain
The process of eyesight alone is pretty
kingdom?
Once the light passes through the pupil, it
miraculous when you think about all that
reaches the lens which - acting like a camera -
complexity contained in such a small and
The best place to start when we want to
focuses light onto the retina, which is at the
perfect sphere. But the miraculous facts keep
answer these questions is to consider the
back of the eye. The lens changes shape to
on coming. Both eyes together give you an
mechanics of the human eye. Even though
ensure that the light image on the retina is
amazing 200 degrees of vision. In other words,
our eyes are seen from behind eyelids, giving
as clear and as sharply focused as possible.
you do not simply see in front of you and from
them an almond shape, the eye is actually
When the image arrives on the retina, it is
side to side, you can actually see partially
spherical with a diameter of around 2½
actually upside down, because the light is
behind you. Your eyes can see upwards of ten
centimetres. When the eye looks at an object,
obeying certain laws of physics as it passes
million colours. Plus they have a brilliant back-
light rays enter through the transparent outer
through the eye. That image is later rotated
up system for safety and protection. Eyelids
surface of the eye, which is known as the
by the brain, so that we can perceive what
cover and protect your eyes when you are
cornea. The light then continues its journey
we see the right way up. The retina contains
asleep. They also will shut very fast if they sense
into the eye through the iris, which is the
two types of cells called rods and cones;
that your eye is about to be hit by a foreign
7
THE WINDOWS OF THE SOUL
object. Similarly, your eyelashes are actually
Most of us know that cats see superbly in the
widen at night and can even see colours in
super-sensitive dust traps, whilst your eyebrows
dark, that some bats ‘see’ by using echo-
the dark. To give you an idea of his amazing
act as a further barrier to sweat and dust. And
location techniques and that certain species
night vision, whilst cats and sharks can see
when you blink, the eyelids spread tears over
of spiders have up to eight eyes. But did you
up to ten times better than humans, the leaf-
the surface of the eye, washing specks of dust
know that the ‘colossal’ squid has eyes the
tailed gecko can see up to 350 times better
and other materials into the corner of your eye
size of footballs? With these big eyes he can
than we can in dim light.
next to the nose. Sometimes tears flow over
see in the darkest depths of the ocean. On
your lower eyelid - such as when you cry - but
the other end of the size scale, the compound
However, whilst the eyes of many creatures
mostly the tears flow down a tiny tube at the
eyes of tiny insects can comprise up to 30,000
in the animal kingdom are superior to
edge of your lower eyelid, next to your nose.
individual lenses. Thanks to their spherical
ours, we do have a major advantage over
This tube carries the tears to the back of your
eyes being on stalks, snails can see round
them; we can have ours fixed when our
nose. That is why you get a running nose when
corners. Chameleons’ eyelids are fused and
sight is deteriorating. Thanks to the skills and
you cry excessively.
cover almost the entire eyeball except for a
experience of opticians, optometrists and
small hole to let the pupil see through. Each
ophthalmologists, we can have our eyesight
The miracles of the animal kingdom
eye can be moved independently from the
adjusted and improved, corrected and
Of course we are not the only ones with
other so the chameleon can scan for prey
enhanced, ensuring that our windows of the
miraculous and wonderful eyes. Virtually every
and potential threats at the same time using
soul not only look wonderful, but always work
creature in the animal kingdom is blessed with
a full 360-degree vision. Leaf-tailed geckos
wonderfully as well!
eyesight and some creatures’ eyes are truly
have extraordinary night vision. Their pupils are
remarkable in appearance, size and function.
vertical and have a series of pinholes which
8
FAMOUS FRAME
DESIGNERS
They are not just frame designers, but artists with a message. Anna-Karin Karlsson, Slav Nowosad and Tipton Zakariรกs are young designers whose designs are rapidly conquering the world. Three portraits of the next generation of frame designers.
FAMOUS FRAME
DESIGNERS
Often inspired by fairy tales, her fanciful frames bear names like ‘Alice goes to Cannes’ and ‘When trouble came to town’. Anna-Karin Karlsson from Sweden is an eyewear stylist who designs exclusive glasses, tailored to the image and personality of the individual customer.
Anna-Karin Karlsson A
fter fifteen years of working in the field
are prepared to spend thousands of dollars
“I just worked with one of the world’s most
of eyewear styling for one of the most
for a custom- made frame. Her private
exclusive materials, tortoiseshell,” says Anna-
prominent opticians in London, she
customer list includes big names such as
Karin. Finding material that was obtained
returned to her native Sweden to realize her
Grace Jones, Rihanna and Skye Edwards.
in the period before these animals have
dreams. She is now working from her little
become a protected species - and not to
red cottage in the north of rural Sweden.
Before production starts in a small factory
mention the craftsmen who have the skill
Anna-Karin’s frames have quickly acquired
in France, each tailor- made frame requires
to handle this exclusive material - presents
a reputation since she started her own
elaborate preparations. Anna-Karin travels
quite a challenge. But the customer can rest
business. She is currently working on several
around Europe to find materials, to discuss
assured that he is the only one in the world to
secret projects. Celebrities, musicians and
design options and to plan fittings.
wear a unique Anna-Karin tortoiseshell frame.
fashion trendsetters from all over the world In addition to exclusive tailor-made frames, Anna-Karin also offers a collection of fancy frames made of plastic, intended for more modest budgets. “I am completing a new collection of sunglasses to be launched at fashion shows worldwide this fall and eventually sold in selected shops all over the world.” These successes have further inspired Anna-Karin to design frame cases and handbags - distinguishable by the same uncompromising, yet whimsical touch.
With the nomination of the prestigious Swedish award ‘Guldknappen’ in her own handbag, the world smiles upon Anna-Karin. And she smiles right back. www.annakarinkarlsson.com
10
photo by Slawomir Trojanowski
FAMOUS FRAME
DESIGNERS
He is young, ambitious and driven to make his dreams come true. Polish frame designer Slav Nowosad has an increasing group of sophisticated design followers across the world. His designs are where the love of art, the creation of functional forms and optics meet.
Slav Nowosad A
n optician by education, responsible
connoisseurs of sophisticated design across
hard at the same time. It is not easy to process,
for the family run optical shop, Slav
the world.
but it brings great satisfaction once integrated
understands the client’s experience with
in the finished product.”
wearing glasses. During his management
Slav Nowosad is the founder and owner of
studies, the idea of becoming the creator
Nowosad Designworks that manufactures
He has a few renowned clients but prefers to
of the best frames in the world entered his
highly customized products for genuine
keep their names to himself. By his standards,
mind. Comfortable, without any functional
individualists. Eventually, it is the client who
each client is cherished and each client
disadvantages, highlighting the user’s
selects the options which bring out the main
deserves a unique treatment. What is
personality. In 2005 he wrote a business
aspects of their personality and suit their
important is mutual understanding. A person
plan and full of enthusiasm he started
lifestyle best. Although the designs by Slav
that selects his frame is both a spectacle
searching for investors. For two years Slav
Nowosad are indebted to contemporary
wearer and a recipient of Slav Nowosad’s art.
knocked on the doors of multiple institutions.
esthetics, they are not free from classic
”That is why I like to remain a niche artist. I do
Unfortunately, the enthusiastic reactions
analogies. Slav’s favorite material is steel.
not fancy becoming ‘fashionable’. Being ‘en
he had hoped for failed to occur. He then
“I adore steel. The gloss, color, and the texture
vogue’ kills art and the clarity of my message.”
decided to go ahead on his own. It worked.
that absorbs the light. Steel is an outstanding
Now his creations please the eye of the
material. It is flexible, pliable, malleable and
13
www.slavnowosad.com
FAMOUS FRAME
DESIGNERS
Tipton Zakariás Old films and vinyl records integrated in your frame? Everything is possible according to Tipton Zakariás. His frames entirely made of recycled materials are famous around the world. Extravagant frame lover Elton John even bought two whole collections.
H
e wanted to be an inventor, but, by
known but appreciated by the Tipton brothers.
coincidence, Zachary Tipton, called
The unsold copies are made into frames or
Tipton Zakariás, became well known as
even into frame cases.
a frame creator who has made glasses of several novel materials in recent years.
Tipton Zakariás has created his latest
He started producing spectacle frames when
collections by recycling cultural garbage.
he was only sixteen years old. When he got his
Beside the vinyl records, he has launched
first prescription for glasses, he believed that
cinematic frames which are made of old 16
the designer frames he came across were too
and 35 mm film rolls. So if somebody wants to
expensive. He was confident that he could
have his frames decorated with film scenes,
create something special but much cheaper.
he can choose from a variety of classics.
Due to lack of other materials he began to produce frames from his father’s old vinyl and
The special products of Tipton Eyeworks
bakelite records.
earned several prestigious awards. Although Tipton Eyeworks has achieved international
In the beginning he regarded his frame
success, Zakariás still prefers to live and
production as a hobby. After his study in
create in Hungary. In Budapest - his mother’s
optics he founded, together with his younger
hometown - he wants to continue with his
brother Zoltán his own company: Vinilyze. In
world-conquering, recycling, environmentally
2001 their first collection was a fact. Since
friendly and creative work.
2007 Tipton Eyeworks has launched their own bakelite records with bands that are less
14
www.tipton.hu
Presbyopia when your arms What excuse do you find when you feel that you have more and more trouble reading or working with the computer? Indeed it seems as if the letters are getting smaller and smaller. But in reality it is your eyes that are getting worse. A phenomenon that everybody will face sooner or later: presbyopia.
P
resbyopia is the scientific word for
declines, generally after the age of 40.
‘age-related long-sightedness’. It stems
This causes you to have more and more
from the Greek word ‘presbys’ meaning
difficulty reading and viewing objects within
‘elder’ and ‘opia’ meaning ‘eye’. There is a
a distance of 30 centimetres. Presbyopia
difference between presbyopia and common
is a natural phenomenon, a physiological
long-sightedness. Common long-sightedness
variation in the visual process which sooner
is mostly innate, but can also arise when
or later will affect us all.
certain functions of the eye, such as focusing or detail recognition, are not optimal.
In recent years, the percentage of people
On the other hand, age-related long-
with presbyopia has increased considerably.
sightedness is a natural process during
A recent Italian study*) showed that more
which the elasticity of the lens slowly
than 57% of people over 40 have presbyopia.
16
are getting too short An important reason may be that our society
can become troublesome. This often leads to
performance and results, and reduce eye
has changed from an industrialized into a
incorrect sitting posture, since people tend to
fatigue in those eight to nine hours in front of
computerized environment, so sharp vision
sit too close to the computer screen. Sooner
the computer becomes crucial.
becomes an absolute necessity. Good vision for better work performance If you are dealing with deteriorating eyesight, simple activities, such as working on your computer,
or later this will cause neck
A working day behind your computer with bad vision means: • refocusing about 30,000 times • probable physical onset • jumpy and blurry images • tiredness • head and back aches
pain, headaches, tiredness
Seeing clearly at all distances
and an overall decrease
Constantly switching from near sight to far
in productivity. Modern life
sight glasses and vice versa is not the most
demands increasingly high
ideal solution. Multifocal lenses are the most
levels of performance from
advanced optical solution, because they
us, especially at work. So
contain several corrective areas. These areas
using specific glasses that
allow the wearer to see clearly at all distances.
increase our work capacity,
17
Presbyopia
Brainpower Near area This area in the lower part of the lenses is dedicated to reading or viewing objects at close distance.
Every time you receive a new pair of glasses your brain has to get used to the new lenses. Especially when you buy your first multifocal glasses, it could take a while to get accustomed to them.
In this area, the power is the strongest. This guarantees a comfortable, wide vision.
Generally speaking, the adaptation time for multifocal lenses can range from
Distance area
Periphal area
one day to a couple of weeks. Your new
The upper part of the lenses
The so-called peripheral zones
lenses have been especially created to
will provide comfortable
of multifocal lenses are the
make this adaptation period as short
distance vision, for example
unclear visual areas on the
and easy as possible. When you follow
when driving a car, watching tv or a movie in
far sides of the lenses.These areas cannot be
the tips below, your adaptation time will
the cinema, or enjoying the view.
eliminated completely, but they are unlikely to
be the shortest.
be a hindrance if the usage tips are followed Intermediate area
correctly.
• Wear your new glasses as often as
The intermediate area, or
possible. Taking them on and off will
progressive corridor, is the
There are some myths about multifocal lenses
slow down the adaptation process.
middle part of the lenses where
including the saying that they are difficult to
Especially the first couple of weeks it is
the power slowly and softly starts to merge
wear, it takes a long time to adapt to them, they
important to wear them all day long.
from the distance prescription into the near
are expensive, cause headaches and force
prescription. The width of this area depends
you into unnatural, uncomfortable positions.
• Do not switch back to your old pair of
on the specific lens design chosen for each
Nothing could be further from the truth. Yes, it
glasses. Your eyes will constantly have
individual wearer. Although the narrowest
is true that it may take some time - one day
to make the switch back and forth,
part of the lenses, it still enables the wearer
up to three weeks - to become used to your
which can strain your eyes.
to see clearly at intermediate distances, such
new lenses. But the facts speak for themselves:
as a computer screen or the dashboard of
86% of multifocal lens wearers*) say that they
a car.
are fully satisfied with their choice, have no
direction you are looking, do not just
complaints and feel comfortable after just a
move your eyes.
Some wearers find the intermediate area too
• Always try to move your head in the
few days of use.
narrow for particular indoor use. They may
• Visit your optician regularly to check
benefit from a specialized lens solution for
The benefits are considerable: not only
the fitting of your frame, especially after
indoor use, the so-called indoor lenses. These
the convenience of having a single pair
you bumped into something. This will
lenses are especially designed to make
of glasses for all distances, but also the
guarantee you the best vision possible.
switching between near and intermediate
confidence to be master of the environment
Never attempt to adjust your glasses
distances easier and more comfortable.
around you in all its dimensions, both at near
yourself.
They offer a much wider intermediate area,
and far distance. Multifocal lenses offer you
covering a distance up to four metres.
stability when moving and therefore a strong
And always remember to have your eyes
Professionals in particular who strive to
feeling of security and a quick, instinctive
checked on a regular basis.
perform to the best of their abilities and
transition from far to near.
demand the highest resolution, optimal contrast and vision will benefit from these indoor lenses.
*) commissioned by the Consorzio Comunicazione Vista, December 2009
18
nspiring catwalks 19
I
nspiring catwalks
I
n the past years glasses developed from practical and functional
the country and visited by opticians, all the major editors of fashion
tools into real fashion accessories. Opticians anticipated and
magazines, newspapers and television shows. The large amount of
transformed their stores from practices into shopping areas where
publicity contributes to the perception of eyewear changing from
people are invited to try the latest styles and newest collections.
visual support to an important fashion accessory. People are inspired
Even lenses are presented in a more fashionable and attractive way.
to change their glasses, like shoes or bags, more often and have more
Information and inspiration are the keywords. The results can be seen
than just one pair to match their different outfits.
in the streets as more and more people wear the most up-to-date
Opticians focus on both eye care and eye fashion
styles. For example, the recent transformation from more rectangularshaped frames with heavy temples and large logo’s into the current vintage-inspired styles without logos went faster than ever before. Opticians dare to adapt their collections to the latest trends.
The winter season 2011 eyewear styles match with the fashion trends.
They themselves are informed by half-yearly trend reports and inspired
For the ladies we see a lot of cat eye shape frames, retro-inspired,
by major events like the Amsterdam Fashion Week that always hosts
heavy blacks as well as precious luxuries. The men wear retro, vintage
at least one show fully dedicated to eyewear. This show is presented
and luxury frames. Lenses are mainly transparent but colours are
by Club BRILLANT, a cooperation of the best independent opticians in
gaining popularity with the fashion-conscious spectacle wearer.
Leisure Society
Anne et Valentin
Paul Smith 20
Tom Ford
O
ver the years, Club BRILLANT presented a variety of young Dutch designers as well as famous names at the Amsterdam International Fashion Week catwalk. American
heroes Badgley Mischka and Margaret Maldonado of L’Agence accepted the invitation and showed both their fashion collections and their eyewear. Most recently Italia Independent pleased the crowd with its spectacular Velvet collection. Oliver Peoples, Anne et Valentin, Linda Farrow, Sama Eyewear and many others showed their collections in combination with talented young Dutch designers. All of the shows generated lots of publicity and were recorded to be shown in the stores.
21
www.Silhouette.com
Š Silhouette / valid until 12.2011
THE SUN AND How they affect your eyes
UV RADIATION Five billion years ago, a flashing fireball was born which we know as the centre of our solar system: the sun. For thousands of years, the sun has been idolized and feared as a God. And with a good reason, for the energy from the sun has made life on earth possible.
known effect is tanning, which is caused by UV-A radiation. At the same time, we have to protect our skin from UV-B radiation, that causes skin burn and potentially skin cancer, with clothing, hats and sun block lotions. But we cannot forget that our eyes also require protection. Especially during sunny days our eyes are exposed to high amounts of UV radiation. It is reflected from the sand, snow and water and even from dust particles floating in the air. Long-term and significant exposure may cause permanent problems such as damage to the retina or conditions such as cataract and snow-blindness. But the sun also has positive effects: it is an important source of Vitamin D. This vitamin regulates the calcium and phosphorus levels in your blood and promotes better calcium absorption in your small intestines. Eye protection Luckily, it is very easy to protect your eyes from radiation and glaring light. There is eye
T
protection on the market for every style and he first thing we will notice is a warm and
height of 20 kilometres. UV-B radiation is also
situation. Most of the quality lens materials
comfortable sensation when sunbeams
almost completely filtered, thereby 95% of the
nowadays filter UV radiation completely or
reach our skin. But there are side effects.
radiation reaching earth is of type UV-A. The
almost completely. Also prescription lenses are
The sun transmits radiation towards earth,
amount of UV radiation varies according to
available for a wide selection of frames. Colour
which consists of visible light and infrared
the geographical location and the time of
options can range from light to dark. Beware
rays. Luckily, the hazardous radiation is
day. In general, the radiation is the highest
that even though lenses are coloured, it does
filtered by the top layers of the atmosphere
when the sun is at its highest point, mostly
not necessarily mean they offer UV protection.
that surrounds the earth. Towards earth a
midday. But also during cloudy days radiation
continuous amount of ultraviolet radiation
can be high.
The vast range of sunglass frames varies from
(UV) is transmitted. This radiation is divided
traditional models to the latest fashion trends.
into UV-A, UV-B and UV-C radiation. UV-C
The effects of UV radiation
When considering the best possible eye
radiation is the most hazardous, but it is
We are quite familiar with the effects UV
protection, the choice of frame is best larger
completely filtered by our ozone layer at a
radiation has to our skin. Probably the best-
and slightly curved, which prevents rays of light
25
THE SUN AND UV-RADIATION Facts and figures In a research lead by Transitions Optical and Ipsos Health in 2010, 8,000 adults across Europe and South Africa were interviewed on their knowledge, risk factors and behaviour associated with eye care and protection. Surprisingly, nearly 70% of those surveyed are aware that sun exposure can cause serious illnesses, but only 8% knows it can actually harm the eyes. Europeans spend an average of 29 hours per week outdoors. While outdoor enthusiasts expose their eyes to a potential of more than 1,500 hours of UV damage each year, 20% of the respondents do not protect their eyes against UV rays!
penetrating and reaching the eyes also from
your sunglasses should be at least 70% to
scratch resistant, anti-static, and water- and
the top and the sides. Besides sunglasses, it
75% tinted. In very bright circumstances, for
dirt repellent. An added bonus on the beach
is wise to use extra protection from glare and
example near water and snow, it should be
with sand and sun lotion involved.
wear a cap or sun visor.
up to 85% or even 90%. Brown tinted lenses
People who spend a lot of time on the water
filter blue light best. Blue light is the light that is
or drive on wet roads know how badly the rays
Extra protection for children
known to create the highest feeling of glare.
of light can reflect from the surface and can
The average child receives three times the
Brown also improves contrast on grass and
cause blinding glare. The best possible way
annual UV exposure of an adult. Since a
against blue skies, which makes it a good
to avoid this glare is to use polarized lenses.
child’s pupil is larger, more light will enter the
colour, for example, for driving or golfing. Grey
Polarized lenses block certain light waves,
eye. In addition to that, children’s eyes do
and green-grey tinted lenses do not alter the
thus reducing glare and preventing squinting.
not filter UV radiation as much as the eyes of
colours of your surroundings, which makes it
Polarization also improves contrast. Nowadays
adults do. The lens of an eye of a child under
easier to estimate distances. Yellow and orange
there is a wide selection of polarized lenses
the age of ten years allows more than six times
tinted lenses are generally used for specific
available.
the amount of UV radiation. Therefore, it is very
types of sports glasses such as for shooting or
important to protect children’s eyes from glare
skiing. They improve contrast and accuracy in
Photochromic lenses
and UV radiation. There are many kinds of
low-light conditions or cloudy weather.
There are also automatically darkening lenses
sunglasses available for children. Capped hats
available for glasses. These photochromic
and sun visors are recommended. Especially
Anti-reflection and polarization
lenses react to UV light. Outdoors the lenses
children should have double protection.
An anti-reflective treatment for sunglasses can
darken according to the amount of UV
minimize uncomfortable glare and reflections.
radiation. Correspondingly when the UV
Effect of colours
Often this anti-reflective coating is applied on
radiation decreases, the dark colour of the
In sunglasses, it is good to choose the lens
the back of your lenses to reduce glare falling
lens fades back to almost clear. Indoors the
colour and density according to the purpose
in from the sides of your glasses. This gives
lenses are clear. Photochromic lenses are not
of use. Most sunglasses are purchased to
you a clearer vision. In several modern anti-
sun lenses, but they are suitable for everyday
prevent glare. To be able to get sufficient
reflective coatings also additional treatments
use. They are a good choice for people with
protection from visible light, the lenses in
are included to make your lenses more
eyes that are sensitive to the light.
26
adaptive lenses
95% of customers are satisfied*
Clear indoors
adapt quickly
dark outdoors
for more information visit www.transitions.com transitions and the swirl are registered trademarks of transitions optical, inc. Š 2011 transitions optical, inc. *Source: IpSoS u&A 2009/2010
Light reflecting on your lenses is unpleasant. Not only for people who want to look into your eyes rather than into a mirror, but also for you, as reflections on your lenses make your own vision less clear. Luckily, there is an effective solution for these problems: an anti-reflection coating.
Mirror, mirror on the wall...
who is the fairest of all? E
liminating unwanted reflections provides two
This coating makes your lenses easier to clean and it
advantages. The first advantage is that you will
will help you keep them spotless longer.
look better! Your glasses no longer get in the way,
so people can actually see your eyes and discover
But that is not all. One of the most important things a
their full expressive power. The second advantage
coating can do is to protect your lenses from getting
is an optical solution. An anti-reflective coated lens
scratched. This is achieved by applying a hardening
allows around eight percent more light to reach
varnish to both sides of the lens. This basic coating is
the retina, thus improving the quality of your vision.
indispensable for maintaining the optical qualities of
Unwanted reflections are eliminated and no longer
your glasses for use on a daily basis.
hamper your sight. This enables you, for example, to drive more confidently at night or on wet roads.
In addition, some manufacturers have developed a
All in all, anti-reflection coatings make a substantial
new anti-reflective coating that considerably increases
contribution to your safety and comfort.
the scratch-resistance of your lenses, almost matching the hardness of mineral lenses. If you realise how
But a coating on your lenses does not only take
many times a day you clean your lenses, you can
away uncomfortable reflections, it also offers
easily understand that it will greatly
additional qualities. First, it makes your lenses more
improve the durability of your lenses.
transparent and second, it may have a water or dirt repellent top layer. Water turns into droplets will easily
So when you decide to invest in a
slide off the surface, while traces of oil and grease,
new pair of glasses, do not forget
e.g. from fingerprints, simply cannot get a hold.
the finishing touch!
29
Sports &GLASSES
30
Although spectacle wearers are comfortable with most of the activities they are engaged in, a lot of people take their glasses off during sport activities. That will give them a huge disadvantage as it limits the visual performance. And not necessary, because there are good solutions available: sports glasses.
I
mpact proof and flexible materials, curved
depth perception had also considerably
frames, tinted lenses for extra contrast
improved. And that is indispensible in high
and coatings that protect your lenses
jumping.
from getting scratched, perspiration and all weather conditions. Nowadays, glasses and
Tia has several glasses containing shock-
sports are a successful combination.
resistant lenses light as a feather. The lenses are treated with a special, scratch-
Olympic proof
resistant coating. This ensures enhanced
That wearing glasses does not stand in the
transparency while avoiding distracting
way of a successful sporting career has
reflections. As a result, Tia is less bothered
been proven by Olympic high jumper Tia
by flashes and stadium lights during
Hellebaut. She is one of the few professional
competitions. This treatment also ensures
athletes – and the only world-class high
that rain drops will roll off the lenses which,
jumper – who wears glasses. And yet,
in addition, will hardly ever steam up. Simply
they definitely contribute to her sporting
put, Tia’s glasses are worth gold to her.
achievements. More than that, she sees even better with her glasses than with
Choice of materials
contact lenses. The proof? Her gold medal
The requirements for sport glasses differ
at the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008.
from those for everyday glasses. Most sport frames have an ergonomically curved
Sharp vision is critical for professional
shape. This way, the frame is closer to the
sports people. At first, Tia opted for contact
face and protects the eyes better against
lenses but after having suffered a nasty eye
wind, insects and dust.
infection she was forced to wear glasses.
Especially important for outdoor sports is the
Initially against her will. But as soon as she
lens size. The larger the size of the lens and
put on her glasses, she realised that far from
the larger the curvature of the frame, the
being a step backwards, they were precisely
fewer UV rays can reach the eyes from the
a giant leap forwards. Tia immediately felt
top and the sides of the frames.
that she could see clearer and sharper. Her
If you need prescription lenses, they need
31
Sports &GLASSES
Colour for UV protection and contrast For protection against UV and better contrast, it can be wise to choose tinted lenses. The lens colour and density should correspond to the targeted use. For outdoor use, sunglasses can give protection from visible light. The lenses should then be at least 70% to 75% tinted. In very bright circumstances, e.g. near water and snow, it should be up to 85% or even 90%. Brown tinted lenses improve contrast on grass and against blue skies, which makes it a good colour, for example, for golfing. Grey and green-grey tinted lenses do not alter the colours of your surroundings, which makes it easier to estimate distances. Yellow and orange tinted lenses are generally used for specific types of sports glasses, like
For high jumper Tia excellent depth perception is essential
for shooting or skiing. They improve contrast to be calculated using special methods. The
Wearing comfort is an important factor. The
and accuracy in low-light conditions or
slightly different position of the lenses in front
frame material should be soft and flexible to
cloudy weather.
of the eye should be taken into account.
prevent slipping without exerting pressure. A capping piece at the top of the frame avoids
The requirements for frame and lenses
The most ideal lenses are made of impact
sweat running into the eyes while ventilation
actually depend on the type of sport you are
resistant material to reduce the risk of
holes supply air. Even more comfort is attained
practicing. So before buying sport glasses an
breakage as much as possible. At the same
with soft-pads adaptable to the nose and
intake should be performed by an eye care
time, the material needs to be lightweight, so
height adjustable earpieces made of anti-
specialist. Just like when you buy running
it will not hinder the wearer when exercising.
slippery material for a secure fit of the frame.
shoes, not every sport shoe will do!
32
©2011 Oakley Icon ©2011 Oakley Icon
MARKCAVENDISH CAVENDISH MARK MARK CAVENDISH cycling cycling cycling
DESIGN FOR FOR AA REASON DESIGN REASON DESIGN FOR A REASON
‘Eyewears library’
T
he cabinet ‘Eyewears library’ by designer Dzmitry Samal is inspired by the shape of aviator sunglasses. This desk has two closing
compartments and makes a striking statement to Illustration by Dmitry SAMAL
your office or house. www.samaldesign.com
As seen online…
Subtitle glasses
S
ony is developing a prototype of subtitle
Sony has developed a prototype see-through
glasses that will deliver a new cinema
eyewear display to superimpose subtitles
experience for those with hearing
on a cinema screen. The eyewear can be
disorders. With these glasses wearers will
worn over normal glasses, too. And for a full
see subtitles directly in front of their eyes,
experience we are investigating solutions
giving them the same freedom as hearing
with clip on 3D filters, so that both 2D and 3D
people. Josh Honda, Sony Europe Digital
movies can be watched.”
Cinema marketing, explains what this new technology is about.
Does it support other languages and
When will this technology become
activities?
available?
Why did Sony develop this technology?
“We are planning to support six different
“The subtitle glasses are still in a prototype
“Since the transformation from analogue
language channels. And not only in
state. In the spring of 2012, we will start the
to digital screening in cinemas, their visitors
cinemas, Sony aims at supporting a variety
discussion with cinema exhibitors to launch
have received an even greater viewing
of productions such as opera, theatre and
this technology. There is no plan to sell it
experience. However, to date people who
musicals. Productions in which narratives
directly to consumers at this stage, it all
are deaf or hard hearing have not been
in the native language will enhance the
depends on how widely this technology will
supported well in this experience. Therefore,
entertainment experience of the viewer.”
be accepted.”
34
‘Spectacle’ on your ceiling
T
he chandelier ‘Spectacle’ is created by artist Stuart Haygarth. Over a thousand pairs of prescription glasses are linked together to resemble a traditional tiered chandelier. By using used prescription glasses, an
interesting analogy is drawn between their old and new purpose. The chandelier creates a mirror ball effect as the light is refracted beautifully through the several layers of lenses. A true eye catcher!
Photo by Stuart Haygarth / Haunch of Venison
www.stuarthaygarth.com
T
raditional photochromic eyewear is based on one typology: normal glasses or sunglasses. The Opus Design Award winning concept ‘Switch’ from industrial designer Nick Jinkinson addresses this by
making a more complete transformation between the two states. Not only do the lenses react to light, the entire frame changes colour, thus creating a whole new look.
Photo by Aurelien Godet
Switch
Pixel frames
T
he futuristic glasses ‘6dpi’ and ‘5dpi’ by designer Dmitry Samal have been designed with a pixelated effect. The designs refer to the late eighties when
computerized graphics and video games such as Tetris were popular. www.dzmitrysamal.com
35
MAKETips A LASTING IMPRESSION to enjoy your glasses longer
36
Congratulations, you have purchased a new pair of glasses. Not only did you choose a beautiful frame that fits your personality, the lenses were also created for your eyes only.
B
Handling tips
Cleaning tips
• Always use both hands to put on your
• When cleaning your glasses, do not only
glasses or to take them off. • When you hold your glasses in your hand, hold them by the bridge, not the temples. • Keep your glasses in the special hard case provided by your optician. • Do not place your glasses with the front on hard surfaces, to protect your lenses from getting scratched. • Be careful with heat. Do not put your
clean the lenses, but clean the frame as well. • First remove any hard dust particles by rinsing your glasses with lukewarm water. Then clean them with lukewarm water and a mild soap. • Dry your lenses with a soft, clean towel. Make sure the towel has not been washed with fabric softener, as this can leave a
ut just like most of the products you
glasses on heat sources like ovens or
buy, you can only keep your glasses in
central heating and do not leave them in
optimal condition if you take good care
the car when it is extremely hot outside.
contain wood fibres that may cause
of them. Although your glasses have been
• Aggressive substances can damage your
permanent damage to your lenses.
created with utmost care and your lenses
lenses and frame permanently. So keep
• You can also use a microfibre cloth like the
are protected by a coating layer, they are
your glasses away from glue, perfume,
cloth you have received with your glasses
still vulnerable. It is important to handle and
hairspray, acetone, domestic cleaning
or a special cleaning agent.
clean them carefully.
agents and insect repellents.
37
misty shade on your lenses. • Do not use paper towels! These often
People People are the scope of our activities. Let’s never forget they form our very right to exist. Therefore we see every customer as an individual who deserves our sincere and personal attention.
Eye for detail
Model erna 568
To Find your nearesT dealer, Call +45 4647 0000. www.fleye.dK
Contemporary Danish Frame Design
Danish design is known all over the world and it is characterized by a strong tradition of simplicity and high standards. This is also significant in relation to frames, to which designers apply high standards. To the choice of materials as well as the interaction between form and function. Internationally, Danish frame designers have gained respect for their innovative designs. They frequently receive international awards and acknowledgement.
A
ccording to three contemporary Danish frame
buildings and their architectural details, and the
designers – Annette Saust Estø from FLEYE
city’s buzz and energy. Trends and inspiration
and Henrik Ørgreen and Tobias Wandrup from
for details can be spotted and found in almost
Ørgreen Optics – materials such as beta titanium,
everything. Annette Saust as well as Tobias Wandrup
acetate and carbon fibre are future trends. Materials
emphasize that they are trying to create uniqueness
that are both durable and light weight for the most
in their designs in order to ensure new and exclusive
comfortable wearing experience. Preference is
products while new technical solutions are being
given to allergy safe materials since the number of
developed and tested. Close attention is paid to
allergies seems to rise. Another focus is the increase
the precision of the production process, which will
in the use of colours, which suits the pure and
guarantee an overall homogenous high quality and
simple lines of the frames very well. Colour lends the
robustness of even the lightest and finest of designs.
designs a fresh and contemporary look. Modern Danish frame design has been building on a The designers are inspired by a number of factors.
long and well-established tradition of craftsmanship
FLEYE is located in a beautiful manor house
and innovation which started in the ‘Golden Age’ of
surrounded by a large garden, green fields and
Danish design in the fifties. And nowadays completed
nature, whereas Ørgreen Optics is located in a
thanks to the invention of techniques and materials
former warehouse in the centre of Copenhagen.
available today. A recipe that has led to international
The three designers derive inspiration from their
demand for the exceptional and exclusive Danish
surroundings: the landscape, the history of the
frame designs.
41
ANNIVERSARY
POWERED BY
EDITION
1941 2011
ANNIVERSARY
POWERED BY
EDITION
1941 2011
2011 Marchon Eyewear, Inc.
CONTENT
70 YEARS OF PASSION
THE EVOLUTION OF GLASSES THROUGHOUT THE CENTURIES
T
700 years of visual support
his year Hoya has reached an important mile stone. We are
4
celebrating our 70th anniversary. Since 1941, it has been our passion to enrich people’s lives with the invention, innovation
and application of the highest quality optical technologies.
THE STORY OF HOYA
How a little Japanese factory became a world player
WHEN WE MAKE GLASSES WE TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE SIDE EFFECTS
10
We did not want to allow this memorable moment to pass silently. We want to celebrate it with our customers. To thank you for your trust in us over the past decades. The trust which enables us to excel
in producing the best optical solutions possible.
We are proud to present Blinq magazine to you. A one-time edition
16
that Hoya has developed for you and your customers to enjoy. This entertaining and informative magazine will offer your customers a glimpse behind the scenes. Because it is not only about the simple act of choosing a fashionable frame. Insights in the way in which
BEFORE YOU PUT ON YOUR NEW PAIR OF GLASSES 19 This is how lenses are made THE PERFECT VISION STARTS WITH… YOUR OPTICIAN
Key figure in the choice of the right eyewear
REMARKABLE SPECTACLE WEARERS
Virginie Claes, Mike Haysman, Mark Lawrence and Raymond Ceulemans
lenses are made and glasses have developed over the centuries. Fashion trends in eyewear and the fascinating way our eyes work, only to mention some topics.
Each page will provide you and your customers with the possibility
26
to taste the passion that we feel ourselves every day in realising our final mission: to improve the quality of sight, quality of life and comfort of people who need and use our corrective eyewear every day.
29
We hope that Blinq can be found on your table and that it will offer you and your customers much reading pleasure!
Gerald W. Bottero President and CEO Hoya Vision Care
EXPERIENCE NEW POSSIBILITIES IN 3D
32
OPTICAL ILLUSIONS
34
The unstoppable rise of 3D technology
Your eyes can play tricks on you
Y A R E R S N N I V A N I O I T E D
Liked this part? Turn the magazine to discover more about the amazing world of vision.
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3
The evolution of glasses Glasses: in their many forms, colours, shapes and sizes they can no longer be overlooked in our society. They support and protect our eyes in many ways. But it has ‘only’ been 700 years since glasses were invented.
4
throughout the centuries History books tell us that people living in ancient times knew nothing about visual aids at all… A great opportunity to make a leap backwards in time! From necessary support to fashion statement: let us take you back to the era where it all started.
Rivet glasses
T
he Greeks and the Romans were not
to read the magnified text. But soon, flatter
familiar with glasses, for nothing was
reading stones were developed which could
written on the objects in their respective
be held in front of the eyes. The invention of
books and documents. Cicero, a Roman
glasses was on the verge of a breakthrough.
statesman who lived 50 AD, wrote in one of his letters that he had a slave read various
The first glasses…
documents to him, for his own eyes had failed
The use of glasses was first evidenced in
him by then. After the collapse of the Roman
Italy around 1286. This is based on early
Empire, the available scientific knowledge
14th century records. In 1306, Alessandro
of optics was further broadened by Aboe Ali
della Spina and Giordano da Rivalto, two
al-Hazin ibn al-Haitham (‘Alhazen’), an Arab
Venetian monks, documented that ‘it has
scientist. He lived in the 11th and 12th century
not yet been twenty years since the art of
and is now regarded by many as the father of
making eyeglasses was found’. Alessandro
modern optics. He wrote that a round shaped
della Spina copied a model and distributed
element could be used in order to make
it generously amongst his fellow monks
objects look larger than they really are. In
struggling with visual restrictions. It was not
the mid-13th century, his work was translated
rocket science that Alessandro was able
into Latin and distributed amongst scientists
to copy the model, as it consisted of two
in Europe. It did not take long before these
reading lenses that were connected by a
elements were manufactured: the reading
simple rivet.
stone was born. Finally, after so many years,
The true inventor of these rivet glasses will
scientists with poor eyesight had an optical
always be unknown to us; it is quite likely that
aid at their disposal that would be of great
was the work of a Venetian craftsman, for the
help to them. The idea of the first reading
city was renowned for its outstanding glass
stone was to slide it over a document in order
production techniques and methods.
5
The evolution of glasses throughout the centuries
Reading stone
The best lenses therefore came from Venice.
15th century. But also this model did not meet
someone’s head. These were exclusively worn
Craftsmen from this Italian city were the only
the comfort expectations. Contrary to rivet
by women and highly ranked citizens. It was
ones who had the capacity for manufacturing
glasses that consisted of two individual parts,
not easy to take these glasses off.
clear, uncoloured glass. The details of this
bridge glasses were crafted of one piece, the
production procedure were one of the world’s
lenses being held together by an inflexible
Taking them to the next level
best kept secrets. Highly skilled glassblowers
frame. The materials for such frames were
In the 17th century, the glasses
felt constrained to stay in Venice for the rest of
considered exotic and consisted of leather,
manufacturing business shifted to England.
their lives. If they decided to leave the city, their
horn, whalebone, iron, bronze and silver.
Thanks to the invention of a new type of glass
family members would be thrown in the city’s
But like rivet glasses, bridge glasses proved
as well as lens grinding machines, the quality
dungeons, only to be freed once the fugitive
unable to deliver the desired level of comfort.
of glasses improved significantly. The English
was tracked down (and killed)!
Therefore, people started searching for
spectacle guild, which dates back to 1629,
alternatives as early as the 16th century.
was not very impressed with the quality of the
… and later models
Not always attractive but definitely functional
glass that was imported from Venice. This was
As it was a nightmare to try to keep rivet
were the extended forehead glasses. These
the reason why, in 1670, glass manufacturer
glasses from sliding down the nose, bridge
glasses were attached to a long curved
George Ravenscroft was commissioned to
glasses were invented at the beginning of the
arm that could easily be placed on top of
search for a manufacturing methodology
Reading stone 1000
Rivet glasses 1287
Bridge glasses
Wig glasses
1400
1700 6
Temple glasses 1727
The evolution of lenses
From single to multifocal ’s
1950
that would lead to the production of high quality
Benjamin Franklin, an American scientist and statesman is said to have invented bifocal
uncoloured glass. Four years later, Ravenscroft
glasses in 1784. As Franklin was getting older, his near and far sight were increasingly
applied for a patent for flint glass consisting of flint
troubling him. In order to avoid switching between two types of glasses all the time, he
as well as lead. This new type of glass was as clear
thought of a way of fitting two types of lenses into one frame, resulting in the bifocal
as mountain crystal and much stronger than the
glasses coming into being. A half-moon shaped lens for near sight was moulded into
colourless Venetian glass.
the lower part of a far sight base lens.
Because flint glass was so strong, new processing
When, in the 1950s, Bernard Maitenaz tried his father’s bifocal glasses on, he strongly felt
techniques became possible. John Marshall, a
that he should take the concept back to the drawing board. Due to the hard transition
London based optician, developed a revolutionary
between the two powers, the eyes have to accommodate to the new distance time and
grinding machine that allowed multiple lenses to
again. Also the middle distance of approximately 50 to 150 centimetres was still an issue
be grinded simultaneously. Not only did it speed up
with bifocal glasses. To solve this issue, trifocal lenses were developed in a similar way as
production, but it also enhanced the quality of the
bifocals. A third part was integrated above the reading section. But the issue remained
lenses. Marshall’s manufacturing technique was
that constant re-accommodation of the eyes could be experienced as unpleasant.
so sophisticated that it was applied until the 20th century.
Maitenaz, a 25-year-old French engineer, had one dream: to invent and manufacture a lens that would enable users to see clearly from any distance with smooth
Despite progress being made in lens manufacturing,
transitions between the different areas in the lens. And he succeeded; in 1953, he
it was still a massive challenge to attach glasses to
patented his concept of multifocal glasses. Six years later, his patent was introduced
the face in a comfortable fashion. In 1717, Edward
by the Société de Lunetiers.
Scarlett, a colleague of Marshall’s, made a move
Multifocal lenses have gradually improved since. The emergence of freeform
in the right direction by inventing temple glasses.
technology has created new possibilities in multifocal lens design. This cutting
It was a two-arm frame that would push against
technique makes it possible to cut each lens along multiple axes, bringing more
the temples. Although the invention was a great
customized or even personalized lenses within reach. The main benefit of freeform
success throughout Europe, the pressure on the
surfacing is that the lens surface can be seen as a series of individual points and
temples could be irritating or painful. To balance
then cut along multiple axes instead of just two. The lens can now be cut very
the pressure on the temples, glasses with extra
precisely, so each lens can be optimized for every prescription, even allowing frame,
long temple arms were developed that could be
fitting and personal parameters to be included. The result is an entirely custom-made
connected at the back of the head.
lens that offers optimal vision in all circumstances.
Scissor glasses 1750
Bifocal glasses Lorgnette glasses 1784
1785
Monocle 1800 7
Pince-nez 1840
Multifocal glasses 1959
The evolution of glasses throughout the centuries Emerging industries
Twenties and the Second World War, we arrive
lenses. Glasses became an irreplaceable
In the late 18th and early 19th century, the
in the sixties of the 20th century. Economically,
part of society.
Industrial Revolution took hold of Europe;
Europe was doing well, but there were some
manufacturers became acquainted with the
social disturbances. These disturbances were
Glasses nowadays
phenomenon of assembly line production.
reflected in the variety of armatures that were
It has been seven centuries since the
In 1796, the first factory specialized in the
designed during this era. The self-confident
invention of lenses and glasses, but
manufacture of frames opened its doors
man wore a horn frame representing wealth,
nowadays billions of people use this
in France. Five years later, the first lens-
success and persistence. Women were
multifunctional aid on a daily basis. Once
grinding factory was established in Prussia.
wearing elegant frames, indicating that
used to magnify lines in religious books
In the mid-19th century, the United States of
emancipation was around the corner.
and manuscripts, the reading stone has
America experienced the mushrooming of
developed into a piece of technique that
factories. This all led to a major turnaround
In the seventies, the size of the lenses was
people depend upon every day. Whether
in the optical industry: opticians used to
enlarged. These lenses tried to attain another
they use it to read the newspaper, to protect
manufacture all the lenses and frames
objective, namely to disguise wrinkles and
their eyes from bright sunlight or make a
themselves, but now they were in the position
other signs of ageing. Besides, the consumer
fashion statement, this versatile instrument
to order separate parts and components and
had developed greater brand awareness.
has influenced our daily ‘view’ on things.
start from there. Opticians could then focus on
On frames of any standard, the brand name
Not only to visibly support people, but also
refraction, mounting and dispensing.
was found at the back or side of the frame. In
to visibly distinguish one person from the
those days, plastic models as well as plastic
other. In other words: ‘to see and to be
Glasses in the sixties and seventies
lenses became very popular, because they
seen with’…
Taking a giant leap by skipping the Roaring
were much lighter than the traditional mineral
Glasses in daily use Art is the best way to show the evolution of glasses and their daily use.
In the 18th century, the French painter Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin immortalised himself by painting a self-portrait wearing glasses typical for that time: completely round, with an arched bridge.
8
The 20th century Spanish artist Pablo Picasso painted a cubist portrait of his secretary Jaume Sabartés. With round spectacles, Picasso gives Sabartés the look of a poet, reminding of poet Francisco de Quevedo.
Francisco de Quevedo - one of the most prominent Spanish poets of the 14th century - was painted by the Italian artist Tommaso da Modena. In this painting a pair of bridge glasses is shown.
In the 17th century, the Spanish painter Bartolomé Esteban Murillo painted ’Four figures on a step’, where the character on the right wears glasses that appear similar to the 70’s style in the 20th century.
9
How a little Japanese factory became a world player
THE STORY OF HOYA It all started in a little town called Hoya City (now called Nishitokyo) in 1941. Two brothers, Shoichi and Shigeru Yamanaka, had the ambitious plan to manufacture optical glass. On 1 November 1941, Toyo Optical Glass Manufacturing, later Hoya Corporation, was founded.
Shoichi and Shigeru Yamanaka
O
ptical glass requires highly sophisticated
Today, Hoya consists of four different divisions:
that you will leave the shop with high quality
manufacturing technology compared to
Eye Care, Information Technology, Imaging
lenses from Hoya.
other types of glass, and in those days
and Medical. This global presence enables
it was the most technologically advanced
Hoya to exchange technological insights and
Passion for optical glass
industry in Japan. Therefore, after the
innovative ideas companywide and across
Despite the diversity of its products, Hoya’s
founding of Hoya, the company went through
borders.
passion for optical glass remains its driving
a long trial-and-error process prior to the
force. This same passion can still be sensed
actual manufacturing of optical glass. Hoya’s
Hoya products are not always visible, but
within Hoya Vision Care today. Combined with
story is that of a company that had a modest
can be found in many places. For example,
the on-going search for innovation it has led
start as a small manufacturing operation and
did you know that there is a good chance
to many revolutionary results.
utilized its technological and managerial
that the hard disk in your computer or Blu-ray
excellence to become a global player 70
player was made by Hoya? The same goes
In the field of anti-reflective coatings Hoya
years later.
for the lens your digital camera is equipped
has built up a worldwide reputation and
with. Next to this, Hoya also manufactures
has booked results that appeal to the
They did not stick to lenses alone...
so-called photo masks for the production of
imagination. Results that go back to the
At the end of World War II the orders from the
semiconductors, medical endoscopes and
year 1963, the year that Hoya was the first to
military, which formed a considerable part
even ceramic bone craft and fillers. And if
successfully apply an anti-reflective coating
of the turnover of Hoya, stopped. Because of
you visit your optician, there is a big chance
on mineral lenses. In 1980 Hoya repeated this
this Hoya experienced a sharp decrease in the demand for optical glass. To overcome this relapse, Hoya decided to manufacture crystal for household purposes, by using its glass melting technology and the substantial inventory of materials left over from their optical glass production.
In the years following, Hoya took up the production of lenses for cameras, memory disks, photo masks for LCD panels and medical applications. From the small Toyo Optical Glass Manufacturing of those days Hoya has developed into the world player it is now: an enterprise with nearly 35,000 employees and active in over hundred countries across the globe.
11
achievement on plastic lenses. More recent
eyeball rotation.
rewarded with the Silmo d’Or, multiple Good
achievements include Hoya’s premium Hi-
Another technological breakthrough was
Design Awards, and the Optical Product
Vision LongLife anti-reflective coating, which
reached with freeform technology for
of the Year award. Hoyalux iD MyStyle, the
won the prestigious iF Material Award, as
progressive lenses. By integrating both the
product that won this last award, is an
did its predecessor Super Hi-Vision five years
front and the back of the lens, in 2004, Hoya
excellent example of taking personalisation
earlier.
created a completely new lens definition,
to a new level. By combining freeform technology with a special in
Because they are exceptionally strong, Hoya’s lenses are ideal for grooving and drilling, while the end user benefits from their minimal weight and highest transparency. Hoya’s single vision and progressive lens
store consultation software for
Corporate mission Hoya: to pursue the creation of and innovation in business in Information Technology and Lifestyle Refinement, and continue to a truly enriched society while promoting harmony for mankind, society and nature.
individual optimisation, Hoya can offer a truly personalised progressive lens for all wearers.
Next to innovative products, Hoya strives to offer its customers a wide range of choices, with a variety of materials, designs and
designs reflect the very
treatment combinations, such
latest developments in
as anti-reflective coatings,
science and technology. Nulux EP, launched
ensuring sharp and natural vision with a
photochromic, tinted and sun lenses. All with
in 2001, was the first single vision lens to use
minimum of distortion. Not surprisingly, this
the number one priority of making the lives of
calculations based on visual acuity and
technology and its associated designs were
its clients more comfortable.
Milestones
Listing of Hoya on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Establishment of Hoya Corporation
1941
1961
The first single layer anti-reflective coating on mineral lenses
1963
The first single layer anti-reflective coating on plastic lenses
1980 12
Multilayer coatings for plastic and mineral (Hoya starts its reputation of producing the best AR coatings)
1984
advertisement Hoyalux Summit 1994
Hoya Laboratory Thailand
Service: part of the DNA
offering a wide choice of in store tools as
Hoya’s Education and Experience Centre
Through the years Hoya’s attention for
well as the latest company news, product
In a market where new products are
individual needs has also been reflected in
information and marketing support. Further,
constantly being introduced, the majority of
the way Hoya listens to the personal wishes
opticians can count on the support from
these developments demands up-to-date
of its clients. That is why service is in the
HoyaiLink, a smart service
DNA of the entire Hoya organisation. Hoya is
concept that enables
an optician’s practice:
H
knowledge. This
Since then it has been one of the fastest
European Education
HoyaiLog, Hoya’s online
growing regions within the Hoya Vision Care
and Experience
these requirements, Hoya has achieved a
ordering system, MyStyle
Division. It now comprises of 12 laboratories
Centre. This initiative
service level that is considered among the
iDentifier, Hoya’s interactive
and 19 sales offices in 14 countries. While
offers eye care
highest in the market.
selection program,
only 7.2% of the employees and 9.4% of the
professionals from
visuReal, the digital video
production is located in Europe, 20.4% of
all over Europe the
A prior condition to achieving this goal is fast
measurement system
Hoya’s total sales is generated here.*)
chance to identify
delivery, which is why many Hoya factories are
and Hoya Vision Care
operational 24/7, 365 days a year, offering
Centre, Hoya’s in store lens
a wide range of services: from finished stock
consultation tool. And even the shop’s practice
and benefit from them, taking advanced
to cut & edge and mounting. Opticians can
management system. All make the entire
technologies and reliable quality as a starting
also benefit from Hoya’s personal customer
process from entering data to ordering lenses
point. Hoya’s Faculty is based in Budapest
services and the extranet platform Hoyanet,
much quicker, easier and more efficient.
and opened its doors in 2010.
in 30 countries worldwide. In Europe,
convinced that genuine added value can
easy communication
be created by being open to its partners and
between all the tools in
clients, and remembering that Hoya’s success depends on that of its clients. By addressing
Introduction of the first 3 Hoya progressive lens
The first progressive design, taking eyeball rotation calculations into account
1987
1994
SPIRIO
07-09-11 18:25
oya Vision Care has 52 laboratories
Hoya Vision Care started in 1980.
the latest market opportunities
The first single vision design produced with freeform technology, and taking eyeball rotation into account
14
available at Hoya Faculty, Hoya’s
*) results fiscal year 2010
2001
optical expertise is
The first integrated double surface design with Hoya’s patented iD FreeForm Design Technology
2004
Hoya at A glance
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Eye Care
ELECTRO OPTICS
Vision Care
• Mask Blanks and Photomasks
• Eye glass lenses
for semiconductors • Photomasks for LCD panels • Glass Discs for HHD • Optical Glass Lenses
Health Care • Retail store chain of contact lenses • Intraocular lenses
Medical
• Medical endoscopes
Photonics
• Surgical instruments
• UV & eximer light sources
• Bone prosthesis
• Laser oscillator
Imaging
• Electro-optical glasses
• Lens Modules • Micro lenses
The first ultra scratch resistant anti-reflective coating
2004
Integration of Pentax Corporations
2007
The first 100% personalised progressive lens design that is truly tailored to the individual
2008
The hardest and most durable anti-reflective coating on the market
2009 15
Full freeform progressive
2011
When we make glasses we take full responsibility for the side effects
16
‘Bearing responsibility for the environment and society’, these are not just words as far as Hoya is concerned. On the contrary, they form a key focal point for our business. More than that, this ambition is part of the role that every enterprise should play according to Hiroshi Suzuki, CEO of Hoya Corporations: adding value to society continuously.
I
n the early seventies, committees
around 74 percent more waste since 2009.
In order to respond to amendments to
responsible for reducing, and, where
Another example concerns nitrates used in
Japanese law concerning the rational use
possible, preventing pollution were
processing. Engineers investigated whether
of energy, Hoya is aiming to reduce CO2
established in all Hoya branches. In 1993,
these chemical compounds could be reused.
emissions.
Hoya formulated its first official environmental
They proved to be a useful ground product for
philosophy and a set of fundamental
certain metal heat-processing agents.
A certified environmental management system
environmental principles that are still relevant today. In 2008, all activities to protect the
An eye for the environment
In 1996, Hoya started working in accordance
environment were put together in one
Over the years, the use of harmful chemical
with an environmental management system,
comprehensive system which also included
substances has been reduced considerably.
which resulted in ISO 14001 certifications of all
written regulations on labour conditions and
For instance, a silicone gel that checks the
Hoya Vision Care laboratories.
health. This has resulted in a multiplicity of
moisture level in packaging has been replaced
measures that Hoya is taking to minimise the
by a different, environmentally friendly substance.
An environmental management system
impact of its actions on the environment.
Also isopropyl alcohol, which was used in rinsing
conducts structural checks on emissions,
processes, became a product of the past.
waste streams, the use of raw materials,
Reducing waste, increasing recycling
energy and other environmental aspects,
Much attention is paid to the reduction
Additionally, to prevent possible leakage of
allowing results achieved thus far to become
of wastewater by means of evaporation,
hazardous substances, tanks and all parts
concrete and transparent. They can be taken
separating water from liquids used in various
of the production process are systematically
into consideration in decision processes
production processes. Hoya’s Thailand-
checked. Underground distribution lines are
and motivate individual employees to
based factories have managed to reduce
being replaced by aboveground lines to
contribute to Hoya’s overall environmental
their wastewater by no less than 27 percent
facilitate inspections and act quickly in case
accomplishments.
compared to previous years and have recycled
of any malfunctions.
17
Working conditions and safety
Hoya Hill Optics in South Africa recently
Hoya sets high standards for working
supplied lenses for approximately 400 adults
conditions and safety as well. In 1995 for
and children in seven underprivileged
instance, Hoya’s Occupational Safety and
communities in Namaqualand. With this
Health Principles were introduced and
donation Hoya supports the mission of the
implemented. In this document, measures to
non-profit organisation Reach4Sight to bring
improve the general health conditions and
free eye care to the poor in rural and remote
the physical and mental well-being of all Hoya
communities in South Africa.
employees have been laid down. Also in developed countries there is a need for One of the examples of the safety measures
in their country. These organisations were
support. Therefore, Hoya Lens United Kingdom
taken by Hoya is the Hoya Corporation
chosen, as their purpose is similar to Hoya’s,
provides a regular supply of glasses for the
Machinery Safety Standard, which was
namely to help people with vision problems.
Homeless People’s Birmingham Centre.
implemented in April 2005. This standard aims
Both countries ‘adopted’ a yellow Labrador
to prevent accidents resulting from working
retriever called Ivó and Conny. Their training
In times of natural disasters, the majority of
with machines. Already on the drawing
to become guide dogs is being followed
the Hoya subsidiaries and employees will
table, during the process of designing new
carefully. The training centre informs Hoya
also make contributions. A disaster that hit
machinery, this is taken into account.
about their progresses and sends pictures on
a lot ‘closer to home’ was the devastating
a regular basis.
earthquake and ensuing tsunami in Hoya’s
Think global, act local
home country Japan in March 2011. The entire
But it is not only the corporate headquarters
Hoya Lens Sweden supports Vision Far All
Hoya Corporation donated generously to the
that concern themselves with corporate
(VFA). This non-profit organisation focuses on
Japanese Red Cross, which resulted in support
responsibility, also Hoya’s individual
making opticians and optometrists aware of
for those who suffered most.
subsidiaries are taking initiatives for a better
the importance of making contributions in
society and environment.
developing countries. Opticians perform free
Ultimately, Hoya’s actions are concentrated on
For example, Hoya Lens Hungary and Hoya
eye tests as volunteers while collected glasses
people and their environment; now and for
Lens Czech Republic both decided to support
are being checked and adjusted by Hoya and
future generations.
a training centre for guide dogs for the blind
donated to the ones in need of visual support.
Before
After
photo’s by John Godoy
18
The production of lenses is high precision work. This is not very surprising, considering the fact that glass or plastic must be polished and processed precisely up to a tenth of a millimetre in order to correct each and every eye condition. But also in an earlier stage, on visiting the eye care professional, there is eye for detail.
D
o you have impaired vision, for example problems with reading, switching between near and far distances or do you often have a headache? Then the eye care
professional is the right person to find a solution. During the first interview the eye care professional will ask you a number of detailed questions about the exact nature of your complaints. But also about your history of wearing glasses, eye conditions or diseases in your family.
This is how lenses are made
BEFORE YOU PUT ON YOUR NEW PAIR OF GLASSES W
hile this is best done after the
It is important for you to choose the right
eye tests, the process will often
lenses with the correct power.
start by searching for a suitable
frame in the optical shop. Do you go for
Do you already wear glasses? Then the
function, fashion or both? Would you
optician will measure the power of your
like your appearance to be sportive, or
present glasses before testing your eyes.
do you prefer a classic look? For every
This is done using a so-called focimetre.
type of person, there is a wide variety
The result will be compared to the results
of frames available: from budget up to
of your eye test, showing any possible
very exclusive. After the frame has been
changes in your eye condition.
chosen, the lenses should be considered.
19
BEFORE YOU PUT ON YOUR NEW PAIR OF GLASSES
T
he eye care professional will perform several tests to check your near and far vision. The tests will give a good indication of the power required, but for a complete eye test additional information is needed. For the next step the eye
care professional will examine what you can see with your current prescription,
this is called sharpness of vision or visus. The sharpness of vision is determined for each eye separately and for both eyes together. Cylinder power and how your eyes work together will also be checked. All data gathered will eventually result in your definite prescription, indicating how powerful your lenses need to be and which specific corrections should be cut into the lenses.
T
his information will be sent to the laboratory electronically, where your lenses will be produced exactly according to the collected data. A worksheet
will be printed out. This sheet indicates the suitable, semifinished lenses. A semi-finished lens is a few-centimetrethick plastic disc which has already been cut on the front in a base curvature and sometimes power.
20
T
he lenses are placed in a production line. First, the exact optical centre of the lens, the point that will be centred onto your pupil later, is determined and the proper cutting tools are found.
Subsequently, a machine glues a block to the front of the lens using metal alloy. This block makes sure that the lens stays in its proper place during the process of cutting and polishing.
T
he lenses are placed in a generator that will cut the lens with three different tools. These tools will cut the prescription and other features into the back of your lenses. It was only possible to cut your
prescription in a horizontal and vertical direction into the back of the lens until fairly recently. With the latest freeform technology, the surface can be regarded as a collection of individual points that can be cut and polished at pixel level. A considerable improvement in respect to the conventional lens. This manner of cutting makes it even possible to take personal details into account such as your lifestyle, wearing history and the way you wear your frame. And so to create a unique lens.
21
BEFORE YOU PUT ON YOUR NEW PAIR OF GLASSES
A
fter cutting, the lenses are no longer entirely
lens. At the same time, water flows over the lens to
transparent, because tiny abrasive particles
achieve a perfectly clear and transparent result. This
and scratches on the lenses can still be found.
technique differs from conventional polishing in the
Therefore the lenses are polished. This process is done
manoeuvrability of the polishing head, which makes it
fully automatically. The polishing material makes
possible to follow the curve of the lens even better. The
rotating movements while it is pressed against the
result is a crystal-clear lens surface in all directions.
M
uch attention is paid to the reduction of waste water. The polish liquids are therefore collected and recycled. After a thorough check of the power, diameter and
thickness of the lenses performed in an advanced machine, the lenses are ready for the next step.
D
uring a multiple step cleaning process, the lenses are prepared to receive a hardening varnish. This varnish gives the lens extra strength. After almost four hours of baking in
the oven with a maximum temperature of 128 degrees Celsius, the lenses are ready to withstand the odd knock.
22
T
o protect the unique lens features, various anti-
is repeated for scratch resistant and water and dirt
reflective coatings are available. The lenses are
repellent coatings to enhance overall wearing comfort
put in a coating dome and placed in a machine
and ease of use.
where a vacuum is created. The coating material is evaporated and the material attaches to the backside
After the back of the lenses has been treated, the
of the lenses. This process will be repeated eight times
lenses are washed, dried and the process will be
for a full anti-reflective treatment. After this, the process
repeated for the front side of the lenses.
B
efore the lenses are sent to the optical shop, another thorough check will be carried out. For instance, the power for near and far sight will
be verified and the whole surface is checked. The manufacturer will put markings on the lenses, so the lenses can easily be edged and mounted.
23
BEFORE YOU PUT ON YOUR NEW PAIR OF GLASSES
A
fter the final check for irregularities the lenses are packed and sent to the optical shop.
W
hen the lenses arrive at the optical shop, the
to an exact cut. During this process heat is being
optician will first check whether the ordered
produced. Water is added to make sure that the lenses
prescription matches with the lenses supplied.
are ‘chilled’ to prevent deformation. Many opticians
The lenses will still have their original, round shape. These
have such a machine in their workshop. They can also
will not fit into the frame that you have chosen. The last
choose for cutting and mounting performed by the lens
step in the process therefore consists of cutting the lens
manufacturer. Then the optician will receive a complete
into the right size. A computer controlled machine traces
frame with ready mounted lenses or completely cut
the shape of the frame and transfers this information
lenses that only need to be mounted into the frame.
24
N
ow your lenses are almost ready. You will receive a telephone call that your glasses are ready.
At your final check, the optician will make several small adjustments for optimal wearing comfort. When you leave the shop you can enjoy life even better thanks to a sharp and clear vision.
25
The perfect vision starts with‌
YOUR OPTICIAN
When you walk into your optician’s shop, the first thing you will notice is the large amount of frames you can choose from. A frame is an important part of your physical appearance, it expresses your style in the same way that your clothes and your hairstyle do. But the search for the perfect vision actually starts before you choose your frame. With lenses that will fit you and your lifestyle best.
T
hanks to the latest technology it has
your measurement results, prescription, and
The optician’s workplace is equipped with
become possible to manufacture
chosen frame.
high-tech edging machines and precision
completely custom-made lenses. Today,
Your optician might use consultation
tools with which the optician can modify
not only the required power, cylinder and
software. With such software you and your
your lenses to the exact size your chosen
prism determine the choice of lenses, but
optician can choose the best lenses for you:
frame requires. After mounting your lenses
also your personal lifestyle and the way
from material to coating.
in your new frame, he will invite you to the
you wear your glasses can be inputs for a
shop for a fitting session. He will make sure
- literally - unique end result. A highly careful
An ordering and demonstration system can
that the frame and lenses fully meet your
measuring of your eyes is necessary to
visualise the thickness of your new lenses and
expectations. After some minor adjustments
achieve such a result. Therefore your optician
give you a preview of your vision with the new
and a few quick checks, you can leave the
forms a key figure in the choice of the right
lenses. So you can already see how they will
shop satisfied with your brand new sharp
lenses. But he is not alone when it comes to
look. But no matter the methods your optician
vision.
reaching this result.
chooses to utilise, you can rest assured that
Get introduced to your new glasses before
the outcome will be
they are made!
exactly the lenses
Nowadays, opticians have a variety of
and treatments that
modern tools at their disposal to make sure
suit you best.
you get the perfect lenses, tailor-made down to the finest details. A video centration system
After the optician
can be used for precise measurement of
receives your
your frame fitting parameters up to one tenth
lenses from the lens
of a millimetre. The system takes a digital
manufacturer, he
photo of you that is transferred directly to the
will verify that the
lens manufacturer. The manufacturer uses this
lenses match the
information to produce the lenses based on
prescription ordered.
27
A double success story 70th anniversary of Hoya 5th anniversary of cooperation between Hoya and Ollendorf Mess-Systeme To be continued! Visit our booth at the opti 2012 to enjoy a glimpse of the new chapter in visuReal®’s success story!
Advantages of visuReal® video centration: Quick detection of all centration parameters in 20 seconds Pixel-accurate measurements Easy operation Large lens catalogue visuMovie® video consultation for frames and lens colours That´s why more than 2,000 eye care professionals trust in visuReal® video centration – for perfectly fitted spectacles and a special dispensing experience.
www.ollendorf.biz
Remarkable
SPECTACLE WEARERS
Virginie Claes, Mike Haysman, Mark Lawrence and Raymond Ceulemans; four known spectacle wearers who all agree that their lives have changed since they received their first pair of glasses. They wear them with pride.
Remarkable
SPECTACLE WEARERS Miss Belgium 2006, top model and TV presenter Virginie Claes has eyes you can drown in. She calls her blue eyes her trademark. This is why she has entrusted them to a good, professional eye care specialist for years.
Virginie Claes “I first experienced problems with my eyes
she is less troubled by annoying reflections and
at school. I had to pinch my eyes at the
flashes on stage and enjoys perfectly clear
blackboard to be able to see what was written
vision. The lenses are water and dust repellent
on it, resulting in regular headaches.
and therefore very easy to clean. The coating
A visit to my optician was all it took to discover
also ensures longer lens durability. Moreover,
that I was near sighted. As soon as I started
according to Virginie, her glasses perfectly
wearing glasses my life became a whole lot
match her personality.“They are a part of me.
easier, both behind and in front of the camera.”
They fit me and I fit them.”
Virginie Claes wears feather-light, super-thin plastic lenses that are treated with a scratchresistant and anti-reflective coating. As a result,
Raymond Ceulemans Belgium billiards player Raymond Ceulemans was at the top of his
sport for several years and known worldwide. He won a total of 100 titles, earning the nickname ‘Mister 100’ and he was even given a knighthood by King Albert II of Belgium in 2002. Later in life, Raymond Ceulemans was still
wearing glasses containing the latest generation
a feared opponent. But like everyone else,
multifocal lenses. In billiards, it is essential to be
professional sportsmen cannot prevent their
able to see clear at all distances. And switching
eyesight from deteriorating.
from near to far vision must be easy and comfortable.”
“I started wearing glasses at the age of 50, in the middle of my career. My far vision began
“To this day I am still a competitive team player.
to fail me. For billiards, both near and far vision
I will never refuse a friendly game at home with
must be absolutely perfect. My optician made a
family or friends. My story shows how a brilliant,
number of customised glasses, including a pair
sharp vision of the ball can truly prolong a
especially designed for billiards. I am currently
sporting career.”
30
Mike Haysman Mike Haysman is a popular Australian cricket commentator. He worked for SuperSport in South Africa for over ten years, hosting cricket show Extra Cover and making regular appearances on Super Saturday. He represented Leicestershire, Northern Transvaal, South Australia and Transvaal domestic sides as a first-class cricketer. He also represented the Australian XI in the South African tours from 1985 to 1987. “The first time I ever put on glasses,
all the studio lights that are part of my job, the
I remember immediately thinking: ‘If only
lenses must have an anti-reflective coating.”
I had this vision when I was batting!’ I use my glasses for everything. From the moment
“As a cricket commentator I also spend
I pick up the paper in the morning until that
a great deal of my time either outdoors
relaxing glass of Shiraz at night.”
in the sun or in glaring light at live play in a commentator’s booth. Therefore an
“My requirements for my glasses are very
essential part of my working attire is a
simple. They must work and look good.
quality, comfortable pair of sunglasses with
Because of my continuous presence on
prescription lenses that offer my eyes some
television, I always need to look my best (red.
welcome relief and rest where possible.”
in his own words ‘a tough call’). Another essential element of my glasses is that, due to
Mark Lawrence Mark Lawrence is an international rugby union referee from South Africa. He refereed his first international test match in 2000 and was chosen to officiate at both the 2003 Rugby World Cup and 2007 Rugby World Cup acting as a tough judge. “I strated wearing glasses when I was still in
most part of the day and a pair of single vision
school, because I experienced problems with
with extended near prescription for the days I
my far sight. My late father was an optometrist
need to read more than 700 rugby union laws.
and gave me a pair of glasses for schoolwork. I
On the rugby field I do not were my glasses, since
stopped wearing them after college for my eyes
the game can be a bit too rough. I wear contact
had improved. However, age has slowly forced
lenses instead.”
me back to them, as reading became more difficult.”
Mark qualified as an optometrist in 1987 and took over his father’s practice in Standerton
“My glasses are not only functional, but
in Mpumalanga in South Africa.“Being an
promotional too. I meet a lot of people who
optometrist and referee is a very unusual
have problems with their near sight and who
combination. As an optometrist during the week,
need reading prescriptions. I have two pairs of
I tell people how badly they see. As a referee over
glasses. One pair of single vision which I wear
the weekends, people tell me how badly I see!”
31
3D is well on its way to becoming the new standard in the entertainment industry. Especially after the success of the blockbuster Avatar, the first film to pass the two billion dollar barrier, the rise of this new technology appears unstoppable. And television will soon follow in the 3D footsteps of the cinema.
Experience new possibilities in 3D 3
D is depth of vision caused by the fact
These lenses, that are a couple of centimetres
contain lenses that are small LCD screens
that our left and right eye see the world
apart from each other, are actually filming
with shutters. These shutters open and close
from its own unique perspective, and
two perspectives, just like our own two eyes do
alternately between the eyes at a speed of 8.3
each projects a different image onto our retina.
(illustration 1).
milliseconds. At the same speed, the left eye
Our brain is able to take these projections
In order to see depth in a movie or television
receives the shots that are filmed with the left
and combine them in a single depth image,
screen, you need 3D glasses to ensure that two
film lens, while the right eye receives the right
a process often called depth perception or
separate images are projected into each of
film shots (illustration 2 + 3).
stereovision. 3D movies are filmed with a special
our eyes. One of the newest types of 3D glasses
In combination with 3D televisions, this offers
camera that contains two recording lenses.
- based on so-called shutter technology -
a revolutionary visual experience. The benefit
32
1
2
3
4
of this technology as opposed to others is the clear and high-contrast image it produces (illustration 4). Nowadays,TV manufacturers offer special 3D televisions for home entertainment purposes, while the offer of 3D television programs supplied by the cable companies is quickly rising. A full cinema 3D experience now becomes available
U
ntil recently, spectacle wearers were challenged to enjoy 3D to the fullest. They had to switch to contact lenses in order to watch a 3D movie properly. Nowadays, the shape of the shutter glasses is adapted to wear prescription
glasses underneath. This results in a sharp and comfortable 3D experience. Technology is moving fast, so 3D prescription glasses will probably enter the market soon. But it is not unthinkable that in the near future 3D can be experienced even without wearing shutter glasses. That would give an even greater freedom of watching, whether you wear prescription glasses or not.
for everybody in their own living room.
33
illusions Optical D illusions Your eyes can play a lot of tricks on you. Sometimes we see things different than they actually are.
ue to the arrangement of images, the effect of colours or other variables, a wide range of misleading visual effects can occur. This is caused by
the fact that we do not see with our eyes only. Our brain processes the
information that is gathered through our eyes. Optical illusions are fun and interesting and tell us a lot about the way our eyes and brain work.
Motion This optical illusion is a static image that seems to be moving due to the cognitive effects of colour contrasts and shape position interacting with each other.
Contrast In these illusions the misleading effect of contrast becomes noticeable. Our brain perceives grey dots on the angular points of the white and black lines. This is because in certain cases our retina reinforces the colours we are receiving.
34
Recognition Sometimes, just a few details can tell us what kind of object we are looking at. In this illusion you will see a white triangle, even though it is not actually there. The effect is caused by the recognition of contours. If one detail changes, the effect will disappear, as is shown in the second illustration.
Colour You may have noticed that if you stare at a bright light and then look away, you will see a dark spot for a few seconds. This is because the colour cells in the retina become oversaturated and so we will see the reverse colour when the object is gone. Try it yourself! Stare at this image for about thirty seconds and then look at a blank piece of paper or wall. A movie star from the 20th century will appear.
Geometry Our brain has the tendency to overestimate sharp angles. That is the reason why straight lines crossing these sharp angles seem to change direction. The two horizontal lines in this illustration seem curved, but actually they are straight.
The horizontal lines in the tile wall image seem to be sloping, but actually they are parallel to one another. Because the grey line between a white and a black tile is harder to see, your brain will see it as a part of either the white or the black tile. Therefore it makes the tiles look wedge-shaped, which creates the illusion of slanting lines.
35