Exploring Urban Landscape LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
Lim Zhi Kang 0330914 Ow Xun Cong 0321997 Tan Yow Hue 0327550 Terence Thia Hou Yet 0327661 Yong Zhi Kang 0327791 Tutor : Ms. Normah Sulaiman
Content List
1.0 Introduction
1
2.0 Literature 2.1 Public space 2.1.1 Bukit Bintang Street 2.2 What makes a great space framework 2.2.1 Convenient 2.2.2 Interactive
2-4
3.0 Methodology 3.1 Counting 3.2 Mapping 3.3 Tracing 3.4 Tracking 3.5 Photographing 3.6 Desk research 3.7 Test walk
5-10
4.0 Site Information 4.1 Site location 4.2 Site background 4.3 Genius loci of Jalan Bukit Bintang 4.4 Limitation
11-14
5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.1 Building Contexts along Jalan Bukit Bintang 5.2 Circulation 5.3 Vegetation 5.4 Hardscape and Utilities 5.5 Topography 5.6 Climate 5.7 Human Activity density around different zones
15-21
6.0 Site analysis 6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.1 Pedestrian behaviour transitioning between at different transition points 6.1.2 Travel distance from transportation stations to nodes 6.1.3 Auto-convenience of Jalan Bukit Bintang considering site context 6.1.4 Convenience of pedestrian street use 6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.1 Human behaviours towards attractive points 6.2.2 Human Density points at different time 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages
22-24 25-30
7.0 Conclusion 7.1 Site synthesis
40 41
8.0 Reference and appendices
30-39
1.0 Introduction
Our impressions of a city are formed mainly by the quality of public spaces. If they are not pleasant and preserved, or if they transmit a sense of insecurity, we will seldom return. Good planning of these spaces should be the rule, not the exception. Among city buildings, there is a network of spaces that create and strengthen connections at different levels of influence. In a book, they would be between the lines: the implicit meaning between concrete. Public spaces, which fill the urban gaps with life, are directly associated with the construction of what we call a city and influence the relationships that are created within them. A good public space is one that reflects diversity and encourages people to live together effortlessly, creating the necessary conditions for permanence, which invites people to be on the street to interact. It is the vitality of spaces that attracts people. One of the key attributes in defining a lively city public space, refers to the sociability of an open space where it is generally accessible to the public which is then shaped by the surrounding building mass as well as improving the connection between the building and its surroundings to prevent the city from being reduced to uniform public space. In fact, within these transitional areas different kind of interactive and sedentary activities are developed such as walking, staying, sitting, seeing, feeling and gathering among each others. It is a set of processes and practices that keeps the public space a fulfilling and functional space besides managing the interaction between the space and the users. What guarantees this vitality is the possibility of enjoying urban spaces in various ways. The aim of this study is to provide concrete of the theoretical framework in managing the public spaces and its key determinants in shaping the public space quality. The study will synthesize the few key intangibles in making a great public spaces and its functionality in providing its experience towards users. The collected data from this research will further contributes suitable application hence strengthening the elements that creates the quality of public spaces and its management.
1
2.0 Literature 2.1 Public space According to (Danisworo, 1989), a successful public open space should be able to promote psychological comfort and safety to the crowd where it is considered a conducive place for social interaction that could attract potential visitor to conduct their activity there. Relatively, based on (Sennett, 1992: 17) a public space refers to as “not only a region of social life located apart from the realm of family and close friends, but also the realm of acquaintances and strangers� where interactions between both strangers are common, where she explain that the public space are known to create connection between both parties within the space regardless of age, gender or classification of class . Arguably, (Carmona et al 2004) stated that public space relates to all those parts of the built and natural environment where the public has free access. It encompasses: all the streets, squares and other rights of way which the public normally has free access. Which shows that the public spaces are an important factor to be considered as it adopts the people into it clarifying that the space are the key in interaction of buildings and pedestrians.
Figure 2.1 Outdoor Cafe located outside of Fahrenheit
2.1.1 Bukit Bintang Bukit Bintang, one of a great example of a flourishing street filled with wonderful street activities and an outdoor space where it is interconnecting with its surrounding buildings. As according to (Jacobs, 1961; Madanipour, 1999) a public space refers to as an outdoor spaces with free access for people where it is an outdoor spaces with free access for people and is accompanied with surrounding commercial such as cafes, retail, bazaar, parks, streets and pedestrian paths and has a wide range of activities occur that could accommodate an individual or group (Rossi, 1982; Gehl, 2002) . The streets must be informal and suitable for recreation (Whyte, 1985; Project for Public Space, 2000) and is accessible for all class and age of people, including disabled people and informal sector. Which in this case describes Bukit bintang which are filled with many street activities that makes street lively and crowded with people. Bukit Bintang are filled with diversity of shops and provides the pedestrians with convenient accessibility to the area making it a street that attracts people. Figure 2.2 Overall Street view of Bukit Bintang
2
2.0 Literature 2.2 What makes a great space framework A great space framework are regarded as a space that without awareness, optimises the “qualities of a public space” that make it conductive to human activity as according to Jan Gehl (1996). As he argued that a public space activities are particularly important in perceptions of public space. Optional activities, by contrast, only take place when conditions are optimal, and are therefore a direct barometer of the quality of public space. They also affect users’ perception of space because if people are choosing to stay in spaces rather than hurrying through, the space itself seems more ‘liveable’. Finally, social activities happen whatever the physical context, although their quality and intensity will be affected by both the numbers of people in a space, and by the extent to which the quality of space encourages users to linger.
Figure 2.3 Traffic cross junction near lot 10
2.2.1 Convenient Convenient is a major key in providing a positive impact of a street to the public as it determines how the people are gonna reach the area. According to (Carr et al. 1992), conveniences are rated as a high priority by the public, but often fall outside of dedicated funding streams and so tend to be neglected. “Llewelyn Davies’ (2000: 71)” mentioned about the “five Cs” regarding convenience on a street which are (Connections – good pedestrian routes that connect places where people want to go; Convenience – direct routes and crossings that are easy to use; Convivial – attractive routes that are well lit and safe and that offer a varied streetscene; Comfortable – an adequate width of footway without obstructions; Conspicuousness – easy to find and follow routes with surface treatments and signs that guide pedestrians)
Figure 2.4 Zebra crossing between Starhill Gallery to Pavillion
3
2.2.2 Interaction According to (Project for Public Space , 2000; Gehl, 2002; CABE and DETR, 2001), interaction can attained by creating a linkage as clear paths which connects both pedestrian and the street through integrating transportation mode and land use which could be the present of landmarks and human scale design. These pleasant space could be obtained through attractive building facade too and interesting scenes and details (Gehl, 2002, CABE and DETR, 2001). Besides that, natural elements are also an important factor in achieving Interaction between pedestrians and the street. It improve comfort, relaxation, pleasant experience and anticipate unpleasant climate by placing trees along pedestrian path and sitting area (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1989; Carr, 1992; Gehl, 2002; Avila, 2001). Which may help in providing interaction among the people and the surrounding streets.
Figure 2.5 Interaction between fountain and visitor
Figure 2.6 shows the framework of Place-diagram which makes a great urban place.
Figure 2.7 Painting of family portrait by street artist
4
Methods application in collecting intangible analysis datas
Counting
Mapping
Tracing
Photographing
Test walk
Desk research
Tracking
6.2.2 Human density point at different times 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages
5
3.0 Methodology 3.1 Counting
Figure 3.1 Counting of traffic crossing interval
A total of 4 persons are assigned to 4 nodes around the site, 1.Pavilion, 2.Lot-10 junction, 3.BB Park front 4.BB park end. They would be stationed on their node at hours 0830-0930,1230-1330, 1600-1700, 1930-2030 respectively to complete the data collection. The counting include two types of conduction, one that includes the counting of human density on certain hour and the other include the counting of pedestrian walking and traffic crossing interval. Method of conduction through counting are done by using the phone app call “Thing Counter�, each count will be recorded by a manual tap, the final result might deviate from the actual number of people passing through.
Figure 3.2 Counting of human density around Lot 10 node
Figure 3.3 Counting of Pedestrian walking near Fahrenheit 88 node
6
3.0 Methodology 3.2 Mapping
3.3 Tracing
A technique used to indicate stays which are where the pedestrians are standing and sitting. Each location of where people stay are mapped on, at hours 0830-0930,1230-1330, 1600-1700, 1930-2030 respectively to show the differences of activity around each time of the day in that area. The maps then provide a clear picture of the staying activities of the area. Using symbols such as ( an X or a circle) to represent different types of stationery activities on the map. This method provides a picture of a moment in a given place which are important for our study.
People movement is observed by stalking different target groups, separated into working adults males, working adult women, mother with children, foreign tourists, and teenagers. The target is chosen on random segments of the street to provide maximum understanding on the different use of the street. The circulation of the target person is recorded until he/she leaves the street or enters a building, to where a stopping point will be marked down.
Figure 3.4 Mapping of human density along Bukit Bintang street
Figure 3.5 Tracing on urban people traits in Bukit Bintang
7
3.0 Methodology 3.4 Tracking Tracking was done by stalking different people from different age group to study about their preferential path and their preferable spots at Jalan Bukit Bintang. We separated us into 5 and each of us stalked people of different age group. We tracked their starting point, ending points, interaction points and walking patterns and analysed what are the causes of these elements. With the tracking method, we get to follow the path of choice of the people from different age group, we get to observed and understand what attracts different people at different age group which enhanced our knowledge to successful landscaping settings.
Figure 3.6 Tracking around Bukit Bintang
Figure 3.7 Teenagers (Alone)
Figure 3.8 Teenagers (Group)
Figure 3.9 Adult (inhabitants)
Figure 3.10 Adult (foreigner)
Figure 3.11 Woman and children
8
3.0 Methodology 3.5 Photographing
3.6 Desk research
Using photography as our method, we are able to capture our observation on site. Any observation missed on sight might be captured on picture and can be referred back. Picture also act as an evidence for our collected data. As it describes the place as an image through different types of photographs used, photography also helps in capturing the moment of the present, which is an important data for the analysis. Photographing is an essential part of public life studies to document situations where urban life and form either interact or fail to interact after initiatives have been taken.
Method of conduction through the findings on the internet. Based on our findings on site, the data are further research and analysed using the help of the internet. This method help to ease in our research study as information that could not be obtained on site can be easily found through the search on the internet. It also adjust some of our collected data from assumption into facts.
Figure 3.12 Photography of site inventories - Hardscape
Figure 3.13 Desk research method through internet on key intangibles
9
3.0 Methodology 3.7 Test walk MRT test was conducted to experience and understand its accessibility to bring people from all over KL to Jalan Bukit Bintang.
Bus test was conducted to experience the convenience of route and stop point allocation to and from Jalan Bukit Bintang.
Figure 3.14 Test walk on MRT in the evening
Figure 3.16 Test walk on GOKL bus in the afternoon
Walk Path MRT Test Path Bus Test Path
Figure 3.15 Diagram showing the public transportation routes
Figure 3.15 Test walk on cross junction traffic area
Walking through Jalan Bukit Bintang allows understanding of traffic pattern and also convenience for pedestrian to walk around.
Figure 3.17 Test walk on LRT in the morning
Taking a ride on the LRT from Subang Jaya allows us to compare its arrival time and users experience compared to driving to Bukit Bintang
10
4.0 Site information 4.1 Site location
Figure 4.2 Bukit Bintang Site plan
Bukit Bintang is located within the city center of Kuala Lumpur. It is one of the prime shopping district in the whole of Malaysia, within the golden triangle. Jalan Bukit Bintang consist of some of the most exclusive shopping experience for users from window shopping to indoor extravagant. Being in the City center it is easily accessible by multiple choices of public transport within and outside of KL.
Figure 4.1 Kuala Lumpur Key plan
11
4.0 Site information 4.2 Site background 1950s -60s Bukit Bintang established on late 1950s.The local scene was centred on a former cabaret and amusement centre known as BB Park. Most of the areas are relatively undeveloped. 1960s saw development and consolidation of BB as a activity hub.
2010s Jalan Bukit Bintang is currently the main street in downtown Kuala Lumpur. It is the backbone of that part of the city called The Golden Triangle and which is home to the latest and trendiest shopping malls, 5-star hotels, entertainment centers in Kuala Lumpur.
Figure 4.3 Historical Timeline of Bukit Bintang development
Late 1980s-1990s A prominent commercial hub of the city, where
many
Chinese
entrepreneurs
originally set up businesses along the stretch. The area is beginning to experience
2018 Establishing of MRT stations on BB has seen improvement on visiting rate of Bukit Bintang.
modernisation, gradually transforming into a commercial develops
hub
as
YTL
corporation interest.
12
4.0 Site information 4.3 Genius loci of Bukit Bintang Street Before
After
Figure 4.4 Bukit Bintang before development of streetscape
Figure 4.5 Bukit Bintang after development of streetscape
Not far in the past, Bukit Bintang was a bustling commercial street that is home to the famous Pavilion Shopping mall with high vehicular flow but lesser crowds and lesser nightlife. The street boomed further when the improvement of public transport and creation of streetscape was introduced into the area, bringing convenience to the people, within the golden triangle of Kuala Lumpur, as the street ages it slowly changes from what was once a quiet area evolved into one of Kuala Lumpur’s heaviest commercial hub.
13
4.0 Site information 4.4 Limitation During our first site visit to Jalan Bukit Bintang (weekday 19/9/2018, Wednesday) we were able to progress our data collection smoothly. But it was all interrupted at 3:30pm as the weather decided to join our site visit with raining on our site. We could not progress our counting, mapping and tracking data collection due to the weather condition. This also affects the nature of activities of human on site as many of them are hiding beneath shelter, which interrupts our collection of raw data. We went for site visit for the 2nd time (29/9/218, Saturday), it was on the weekends which had lots more of people and traffic was different. So the data collected was not perfectly precise as the data was a mix of weekend and weekdays. But we still come out with our analysis based on what we collected.
Figure 4.5 Weather issue
Initially, interviewing was part of our site data collection technique. It may seem simple to just walk up to someone and ask, but some people had problems communicating with us due to language barrier as most of them are foreign tourists. We aimed a few local to had a interview session etc. Japanese, Australian, Taiwan and Philippines but they seemed like they are in a rush or simply ignore our presence. Only one of the tourist, we manage to interview, the Australian.
Figure 4.6 Weather issue
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5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.1 Buildings context along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Shoplots
Shoplots
Shoplots
Hotel Rows
Construction Site
Shoplots
Wolo BB
Shoplots
Grand Millennium
Pavillion
Construction site
Lrt Station Hotel Chu Lan
Federal Hotel
BB Park
Shoplot
KTM Station Construction site
Lot 10 Shopping mall
Fahrenheit Shopping mall
Figure 5.1 Longitudinal folded section of Bukit Bintang street
Starhill Gallery
The Westin
Mariana Kek Seng
15
5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.2 Circulation Primary route Landmarks Traffic nodes
Circulation around Bukit Bintang Bukit Bintang street is a one-way road which accommodates huge amount of vehicular traffic for visitors interested in visiting surrounding landmarks. The traffic flow is stopped intermittently by numerous traffic nodes situated along the street to accommodate pedestrian crossing. Figure 5.2 shows the circulation around Bukit Bintang street
16
5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.3 Vegetation Various type of vegetation are planted throughout Jalan Bukit Bintang. The densest concentration of small trees located at BB park. Shrubs planted only from KFC to Lot 10. Palm trees delineating Fahrenheit and Starhill and one tall tree outside lobby of Starhill.
Vegetation spread around Bukit Bintang street Low shrubs Mild visual separation between vehicle and pedestrian use of street Potted trees Moderate separation. interaction
shading. High visual Creates atmosphere for
Tall trees Sufficient shading. Becomes setting for interaction Palm trees
Figure 5.3 shows the softscapes along Bukit Bintang street
Decorative. Used for clear delineation between vehicle and pedestrian use of street
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5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.4 Hardscape and utilities
Lampost TNB supply box Signage Rubbish bin Paved walkway Bollard Railings
Hardscape spread around Bukit Bintang street Basic street hardscape needs are well included and designed on site. Width of pathway have sufficient capacity for two-way circulation. Railings and bollards are located at suitable location for safety purpose. Rubbish bin are situated near popular nodes as well as storefront which keeps the streets clean.
Figure 5.4 shows the built environment of Bukit Bintang street
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5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.5 Topography Highest points of the street
Jalan Bukit Bintang Topography
Figure 5.5 shows the topography of the Bukit Bintang area
Jalan Bukit Bintang is developed around a low hill. Its topography change are mild, with its peak being at Lot 10 - Fahrenheit at 66 meters above sea level. The ground starts to slant downwards from the peak’s South West (lowest point 50 m above sea level) and North East (lowest point 48 m above sea level). Thus walking around the street wouldn’t feel uncomfortable as the steepness felt can almost be neglected. Water ponding due to rainwater would not occur as rainwater would flow out of site through both SW and NE direction.
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5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.6 Climate
Microclimate around Bukit Bintang Bukit Bintang street receives winds of higher speed along its eastern ends through Venturi effect caused by surrounding tall buildings. While its southern ends receives wind flow of lower speed but from different avenues because of lower adjacent buildings. The tall buildings along eastern ends provide shading for the streetwalk at daytime. While the western ends receives higher sunlight exposure.
Hot Area Shaded Area Wind Path Figure 5.6 shows the micro-climate affecting the Bukit Bintang street
20
5.0 Site inventory/ study 5.7 Human activity
Pavilion - Fahrenheit
Lot 10 - KFC
Density of Human activities Active interaction with the setting
BB Park Passive interaction of inert nature at setting
Pavilion-Fahrenheit: High density, large concentration and well separated active and passive interaction clumps Lot 10- KFC: Low density, sparse concentration of human activity clumps BB Park: Low density, high concentration of passive and active Density of active and passive interactions throughout the day. interactions clumps Figure 5.7 shows the human activity along Bukit Bintang street
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6.0 Site analysis Chosen intangibles - convenient and interactive
Section cut AA’
1
2
3
1
2
High density of people congested in a narrow street due to high human traffic needs to cross the road.
Four lane traffic jam caused to accommodate pedestrian crossing. Broader street to accommodate human congestion.
3
Figure 6.1 Section cut across Sephora- Bukit bintang street- Pavilion shopping complex
22
6.0 Site analysis Chosen intangibles - convenient and interactive
Section cut BB’
1
2
1
In-between interstitial space created in the middle to accommodate interactive activities such as street performances.
2
Outdoor cafes and eateries maximised the pedestrian experience of the walkway and provides avenue for interaction.
3
The vehicular aspect of street to pedestrians are minimized by visual segregation from trees planted and blocking by cafes. Humans interact with trees for shading.
3
Figure 6.2 Section cut across Fahrenheit 88 and Bukit Bintang street
23
6.0 Site analysis Chosen intangibles - convenient and interactive
Section cut CC’
1
2
1
3 2
3
Architectural elements provide shading and setting for interaction while steps repel human approach. Jaywalking is a prominent aspect in this neighbourhood section of the street. Small trees provide mild shading. Five foot way sheltering people from sun exposure, engaging with people as passage to pass through.
Figure 6.3 Section cut across Menara YTL and Bukit Bintang street
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6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.1 Pedestrian behaviour transitioning between different transition points Trespassers High quality pedestrian main street Zebra crossing Major access node Strengthened pedestrian link
il
Isma
Figure 6.4 shows the pedestrian behaviour transitioning between different transition points
ltan
B
n Su
Jala
lan Ja
kit Bu
g an int
Pedestrians can have all the access way with one stop here. Still, trespassing issues exists at most of the traffic nodes although zebra crossing and strengthened pedestrian link like underground walkway are provided, showing a unorderly behaviour. Eventually, the dense junction at Jalan BB-Sultan Ismail became another entrance to welcome the visitors to the urban street. Meanwhile, walkway along Lot 10 to Fahrenheit 88 has highest quality of pedestrian main street since it is well paved and shaded for people use, coming from nearby public transports.
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6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.2 Travel distance from transportation stations to nodes MRT passage LRT passage Go KL bus passage 13 mins walking distance to BB Park 10 mins walking distance to KFC 5 mins walking distance to Fahrenheit 5 mins walking distance to Pavillion Underground passage
GoKL bus stop to activation nodes Visitors taking the bus will generally opt for closer shopping hubs of Pavilion, Fahrenheit, and avoid further options like BB Park, which is situated too far away. Therefore it is only convenient for walkers whose destinations are around the stop.
Figure 6.5 shows the travel distance of GoKL bus transportation between nodes
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6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.2 Travel distance from transportation stations to nodes MRT passage LRT passage Go KL bus passage 5 mins walking distance to KFC 7 mins walking distance to Fahrenheit 9 mins walking distance to BB Park 10 mins walking distance to Pavillion Underground passage
LRT passage to activation nodes Exiting at the centre of Bukit Bintang street, it generates interest for visitors, as they have the option to navigate both ends of the street, it is rather convenient as walking distance to furthest node only took 10 minutes.
Figure 6.6 shows the travel distance of LRT transportation between nodes
27
6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.2 Travel distance from transportation stations to nodes MRT passage LRT passage Go KL bus passage 1 mins walking distance to KFC 3 mins walking distance to Fahrenheit 6 mins walking distance to BB Park 8 mins walking distance to Pavillion Underground passage
MRT passage to activation nodes Has an underground network circulation which users can avoid tenuous traffic-light-waiting and visit their desired destinations on both ends directly, under 8 mins. It is highly convenient to transit underground but it deprives the immediate street above-ground the opportunity to interact with the crowd.
Figure 6.7 shows the travel distance of MRT transportation between nodes
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6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.3 Auto-convenience of Jalan BB considering site context Vehicular access to BB from nearing attractive nodes are inconvenient, visitors need to circle around high traffic roads to reach BB General lack of open parking spaces to avoid congestion, available parkings are paid options Sufficient drop-off / pickups points to enable passenger and cab arrivals However, drivers exploit the vicinity of pickup points for illegal parking, causing congestion
Illegal parking Indoor parking Dropoff/Pickup Legal parking Legal motor park Jalan Alor Night Food Court Lowyat Plaza
Figure 6.8 shows the vehicular convenience in terms of accessibility linkage of Jalan Bukit Bintang considering site context
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6.1 Convenient (Accessibility & Linkage) 6.1.4 Convenience of pedestrian street use
Identifying people-centric street walks 1.Pavilion-Sephora: Wide street widths and bollard protection accommodates high pedestrian volume. 2.Fahrenheit-Lot 10: Smooth transition between broken street circulation and existence of tactile pathways provide uninterrupted access to all users. Street crossing facilitated on far ends. 3.McD-KFC: Lesser facilities and tighter street width results in slight interruption in accessing.
Figure 6.9 shows the convenience of pedestrian experience in Jalan Bukit Bintang
4.BB Park: Tight street width and overall lack of divider/bollard results in slight hostile environment for walking
30
6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.1 Human behaviours towards attractive points NODE 1: Pavilion-Sephora-Fahrenheit 88
Figure 6.10 shows the human behaviour towards attractive points around Pavilion-Sephora-Fahrenheit 88
31
6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.1 Human behaviours towards attractive points NODE 2: Lot 10 junction
Figure 6.11 shows the human behaviour towards different attractive points around Lot 10 Junction
32
6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.1 Human behaviours towards attractive points NODE 3: BB Park street
Figure 6.12 shows the human behaviour towards different attractive points around Bukit Bintang
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.2 Human Density Points at Different Times
3 2 4
1
At 8.30-9.30am, human density is condensed on node 2 and 3. These people mainly transit quickly through the street to other transport options using shortest route, which has less stimulation.
8.30am-9.30am
3 2
At 12.30-13.30pm, human density largely condenses around node 1 and 2. During the period, the hot weather draws people to more natural shaded and programmatic diverse areas.
4
1
12.30pm-13.30pm
3
At 16.00pm-17.00pm, human density condenses on node 2. During this time, is where tourists thrive, they are eager to experience the transition between different atmospheres of Bukit Bintang.
2 4
1
16.00pm-17.00pm
At 19.30-20.30pm, human density is high on nodes 1,2,3 with the exception of node 4. Node 1,2,3 has adequate interesting programs such as restaurant and cafe that attracts crowds.
3 2 1
4
LEGEND 1. 2. 3. 4.
BB park Lot 10 junction Pavilion fountain The Westin Hotel
19.30pm-20.30pm Interacting by-passers
By-passers
Major activation node Figure 6.13 shows the human density points at different time and areas
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages Teenagers (Single) The preferred arrival choice for teenagers (alone) is by using public transport.
Figure 6.14 Single teenager exiting MRT
Teenagers (alone) would walk in a fast pace. Mostly came with a specific purpose with clear target. Targeted area are mostly along commercial street.
The most popular spot for teenagers (alone) is Pavillion. Figure 6.16 Single teenager
Figure 6.17 Destination of single teenagers Figure 6.14 shows the preferential path of teenagers (single) along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Analysis conclusion: Teenagers who come to Jalan Bukit Bintang alone tend to visit Pavilion as their main spot. Teenagers who came alone can be analysed as those with specific intentions proved by their straight-forward motion.
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages Teenagers (Multiple) Teenagers (group) have a more vibrant walking patterns as they would take longer path before reaching their destination
Figure 6.19 Group of teenager crossing road
Figure 6.20 Group of teenager window shopping
Figure 6.18 shows the preferential path of teenagers (group) along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Figure 6.21 Group of girl teenagers walking on the streets of Bukit Bintang
Teenagers (group) would explore more as they will feel secure in a group and they tend to be more adventurous.
Teenagers (group) tends to spend more time on the street and walk at a slower pace.
Analysis conclusion: Teenagers in a group are showing more active interaction with a vibrant pathway, showcases signs of abundance in time and explorative behaviours.
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages Adults (local) Adults walk accordingly to the street orientation without spending.
Figure 6.23 Adults crossing the road
Adults walk in a fast pace and took the shortest path to their destination.
Figure 6.24 Businessman heading for lunch
Figure 6.22 shows the preferential path of adults (local) ) along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Figure 6.25 Adult woman enjoying her breakfast at an outdoor cafe
Adults normally leaves the street to enter local cafe while the remains enter Pavilion.
Analysis conclusion: Adults are highly specific in the directions they chose to enable them to reach their destination with shortest time needed. Preferably usage of short linkages pathways.
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages Adults (tourist)
Adult foreigners come from all different spots of Bukit Bintang.
Figure 6.27 Tourists exiting from nearby hotel
Figure 6.28 Tourist having breakfast at an outdoor cafe
Figure 6.26 shows the preferential path of Adults (foreigner) along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Figure 6.29 Tourists taking picture near fountain in front of Pavillion
Each of them have varied walking path and walking patterns. Taking longer path and crossing multiple streets.
Foreigners tend to walk at a slower pace, looking around the street and stopping down at multiple points along the street. Analysis conclusion: Adult foreigners have rather random pathway patterns. The random pattern can be interpreted as they have no sense of forward direction. Tendency for them to slow down and appreciate interesting settings is high.
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6.2 Interactive (Sociability) 6.2.3 Preferential path according demographic ages Women and children Women and children tends to walk in a slow pace due to the needs of caring for child’s safety.
Figure 6.31 Picture of mother and son window shopping
Figure 6.32 Children buying ice cream from ice cream vendors
Figure 6.30 shows the preferential path of woman and children along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Figure 6.33 Final Stop point of both women and children
Children are easily distracted by side events, performances and gifts.
Tends to go into the direction of hotels. Needs of frequent rest and care for children.
Analysis conclusion: Do not wander much and do not have multiple points into shops except for stopping point at the side event area. Usually targeting hotel as the final stop.
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7.0 Conclusion
Based on the site data we analysed, we came out with the evaluation of the qualitative aspects in relations to the two key intangibles measures that we chose, convenient and interactive. From our interpretation, Bukit Bintang street is an urbanscape full of potential elements to develop. In accordance to make the place great, we identified several key determinants which will be further elaborated in topic 7.1 - Site synthesis. In a nutshell, to make Bukit Bintang street more convenient in terms of accessibility and also to enhance interactive elements within, creating more relationship between settings and people, our approach is to conceive a relatively more people-centric environment in order to overcome the analysed issues in Bukit Bintang street.
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7.0 Conclusion
Accommodation for existing passive interactions to appreciate urbanscape atmosphere
7.1 Site synthesis Designated pocket space with architectural settings
Friendly access linkage to opposite street
Bus departure stop point for pedestrians Spaces for social interactive events along the street
Key intangible-Interactive
Key intangible-Convenient Construction sites
Sheltered pathway in continuity with context Provide signage indication for people transiting
Provide rest-and-play space under transit station
Figure 7.1 shows the key determinants for site synthesis in accordance of the two key intangibles of our study
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8.0 References and appendices Reference Carmona, M., MagalhãES, C. D., & Hammond, L. (2008). Public space: the management dimension. London, Routledge. Danisworo (1989) Konsep Peremajaan Kota, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jacobs, Jane, (1961), The Death And Life of Great American Cities, New York: Random House Llewelyn Davies (2000), Urban Design Compendium, London, English Partnerships/Housing Corporation. Kaplan, Stephen; and Kaplan, Rachel, 1982, Humanscape : Environment for People, University of Michigan. Michigan : Ulrich’s Book Project for Public Spaces (2000) How to Turn a Place Around: A Handbook of Creating Successful Public Spaces, New York: Project For Public Space Rossi , Aldo (1982). The Architecture of the City , Cambridge: MIT Press Sennett, R. (1977) The Fall of Public Man, London, Faber & Faber. Sennett, R. (1990) The Conscience of the Eye, The Design and Social Life of Cities, New York, Alfred Knopf. Zukin, S. (1991) Landscapes of Power: From Detroit to Disney World, Berkeley, CA, University of California Press. Zukin, S. (1995) The Cultures of Cities, Cambridge, MA, Blackwell. Inclusion Through Access to Public Space | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/urban-development/migrants-inclusion-in-cities/good-practices/inclusio n-through-access-to-public-space/ Public spaces: More than 'just space'. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.saferspaces.org.za/understand/entry/public-spaces
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 1-Site section sketch
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 2- Softscape and Hardscape
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 3- Human activities
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 3- Human activities
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 3- Human activities
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 4- Tracking / stalking people
Teenager (Single)
Teenager (Group)
Women & Child
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 4- Tracking / stalking people
Adult (Tourist)
Adults
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 5- MRT station entrances along Jalan Bukit Bintang
Appendix 6- Raining in Bukit Bintang
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 6- Tracking in Bukit Bintang street
Teenager (Alone) Teenager (Group)
Starting Point
Adult (Local) Adult (Group)
Ending Point
Women & children
8.0 References and appendices Appendix 7- Interview scripts and conversation Interviewer : Do you find Bukit Bintang street interesting compared with other streets in Kuala Lumpur? If so, how is it interesting? Interviewee : Compared to other streets in Kuala Lumpur, the street here looks abit like a typical city street with lots of buildings crowded around. We prefer a more authentic kind of traditional style street. But we came from broadway through pavillion, it has quite a number of restaurants around here. We might come back at night to experience its night activity. Interviewer : Do you find Bukit Bintang convenient? Interviewee : We did took the bus here, but I noticed a few LRT and MRT stations around so we might use that as well. The bus stop was quite hard to find, we wanted to board the double decker bus but we are still looking for it, The road here is scary as well, there’s a lot of cars’ driving around here.