11. Fundamental Considerations Cooking In Senegal, 92% of households still use open fires or three rock stoves to prepare food (Hooper L. , et al., 2018). Inefficient cooking fires cause high exposure to smoke (Hooper L. , et al., 2018). Incomplete combustion will lead to household air pollution (HAP), which is associated with respiratory illness and an increased risk of death (A.G. Dagnachew et al., 2020). With traditional roles of working domestically, women are disproportionately facing higher risk of exposure to household air pollution.
Figure 3. Open fires and three rock stoves utilized in Senegal for cooking at the present period (Hooper L. et al., 2018)
