MAHOGANY BATAAN tAlu0A ORION

For intcrior trim and cabinet work it cannot be rurparred-Inrurea beauty, pcrmancnce, and durability{ortr very littlc more than toft woode-WG own and operatc our millr in the Philippine lelandr ofrering the dealer a depcndablc rupply.

CADWALLADER-GIBSOJV C0., Inc.

Scattlc

Officc and Yard-San Francirco Oakland Lor Angelcr

TEXAS & PACIFIC BUILDING

DALLAS, TEXAS

HARDWOOD FLOORING

You can buy rtraight or mixed care of MAPLE, BEECH, BIRCH and OAK Flooring from the manufacturera.

NICH()IS & C()X TUMBIR C().

GRA,ND RAPIDS, MICH.

4Thc Honc of Shillcd TVoodworLcn'

(Continued from Page 14) such as characterizes Circassian Walnut. This figure is produced by a smoky, clouded series of rings, independent 'oi ttt" gtotutlt rings,-and is inherent in the wood itself, ttnlike thi figure iri Quartered Oak and lTahogany, which is secured-by qt "ttit-sarving the log. This figure-is one of the most -prized propertiJs of Red Gum and adds considerable to ils value. -Be."u.e ,of its soft, rich tones, and beautiful markings, Figured Gum is used for the highest grades of furnituie, cabinet work, and interior finish' fre getMahogany - from Guatemala and Honduras'

Oak remains one of the most popular and universally used of all the hardwoods, and is adaptable to a greater variety of purposes than any other wood. It is used in the finest iurnilure and cabinets, for interior finish and flooring, in agricultural implements, wagons--and- automobile bodies. fJr oil rigs, bridge timbers and railroad caf building.

Birch Is used-in a limited way here norv being largelv displaced by the Philippine rvoods.

Tuana eosta, Tenizero, Prima Vera, and Spanish Cedar irom Mexico and Central America, Circassian Walnut from Russia, Iron Bark from Australia, Teak from India, Koa from Hawaii, Rosewood from Brazil, Ligum Vitae from the West Indies and Ebony from Africa

Port Orford White Cedar comes from Washington and Oregon and is used for interior finish and furniture, and for Jeparators in the starting and lighting batteries of automobiles. Aromatic Red Cedar comes from Tennessee and Kentucky and is used for chests and lining in clothes closets to keep out moths. Spanish Cedar is used almost entirely for Cigar Boxes.

Walnut is one of the finest and highest priced of the popular cabinet woods, and although the supply has often been reported as being about exhausted, it is still found in

REptT0 0D sPEclAtTlEs

We Manufachrre and Sell SPLIT SHAKES

HEWN TIES

POSTS GRAPE ST^A,KES

\M. P. McINTYRE

' FORTUNA*"(Humboldt C,ounty) ---CALIFORNIA considerable quantities in fou'a, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri and Ohio.

Other hardwoods used in the market are Maple, Beech, Basswood, Popular, Ash, Elm and Hickory.

Another factor which has contributed to the increase<l consumption of hardwood lumber on the Pacific Coast is the low freight rates through the Panama Canal. When it is remembered that the Eastern furniture factories draua large percentage of their supplies of hardwood lqmber fromlhi South -Central States-,-adjacent to the Poits of Mobile, New Orleans and Galveston, paying a freight rate on the raw material to the factory, and another high freight rate on the manufactured article from the factory to I.os Angeles, it is evident that the Los Angeles furniture manufacturer, with a low freight rate through the Canal on the rarv material, and with ideal manufacturing conditions here, is in a very favorable position to meet outside competition.

Mention has been made of the increased kiln drying facilities here as having contributed to the greater use of hardwoods. Comparatively little hardu'ood lumber is norv used without first being kiln dried, and the most satisfactory place to do kiln drying is rvhere the finished article is being made; otherwise, the lumber, if kiln dried at a distance and under different climatic conditions, is liable to absorb moisture in transit, particularly if shipped bv water. and may have to be re-dried or held. some time for the moisture to evaporate.

Because of these conditions extensive kiln drying facilities have been provided by the hardrvood dealers, and b1' many of the planing mills and woodrvorking factories.

No wood is absolutely dry. If heated until all moisture is eliminated, the wood becomes charcoal. Green timber may be from one quarter to one half rvater and sap. This moisture is in the pores and other cavities of the wood. There is a common belief that the sap of a tree is "up" in one season and "down" in another. This is not true. A living tree contains as much water in Winter as in Summer but there is more activity at certain times than others.

Water rises from the roots of the tree through the wood carrying minerals held in solution. Some of it reaches the leaves, rvhere it mixes with certain gases from the air and is converted into sap. I\{ost of the water, after giving up the mineral substances, is evaporated through the leaves. and the sap goes dort'n through the newly formed (and forming) layer of wood just under the bark, and is converted into wood. This newly formed wood is usuallv colorless at first, but later, as the other layers of wood form over it, it takes on the color of the heart wood of the tree.

When the tree is cut into lumber the greater portio4 of this water and sap must be removed before the rvood is suitable for use in the manufacture of furniture, or as interior finish in buildings. This may be done in two ways;

And Shipping

either by allowing the lumber to season in the air for a long period of time, or by kiln drying. In the olden days, when times were not so strenuous, lumber was held for several years to "season," but now it is the exception to find lumber which is even one vear old before it reaches the market. Instead, practically ill woods now used for furniture, cabinet work and interior finish are kiln dried.

The kiln drying'of lumber is a highly technical proce$s when done properly. The early kiln consisted of a cornpartment in which lumber was stacked and heat introduced lvithout any regard for the moisture content of the air or the lurnber, often with disastrous results to the lumber. Now, however, many of the soft woods, and some even of the hardrvoods, are put in the dr1. kiln direct from the sarv, but most of the hardtvoods are allowed to dry in the air for from three to six or eight n:ronths before being kiln dried.

In the advanced types oI kilns for drying hardrvoods norv, the lumber is first subjected for several hours to a treatment with live steam at a temperature around 120 degrees with an atmospheric hurr-ridity of 90 to 100 percent. This forces the artificial moisture into the pores of the rvood. the heat causes the natural sap and water in the cellular cavities to expand, the cells break and the natural moisture mixes with the artificial'moisture or steam, and is removed from the wood by gradually increasing the temperature and reducing the humiditl' of the air surroundius the lumber in the kiln.

This treatment necessitates skilled attention. with the use of instruments for measuring temperature and humidity, and finely graduated scales for ascertaining the moisture content of the u'ood to determine when iust enough moisture has been removed'to make.the wood suitable for use.

In the campaign for the building of Better Homes, the architect, the contractor and the lumberman can render no better service to the owner than by encouraging the use of hardwoods for interior finish. They add a touch of bearrtv and elegance to the home rvhich ivill repay in pride and satisfaction many times their small additional cost.

The Los Angeles Hardwood Dealers maintain in the Metropolitan Exhibit, I\{etropolitan Building, Fifth and Broadway, a display of hardrvoods in a finished room, and as samples in a 'r'ariety of stains and finishes, where the owner or architect may go and make a selection to meet his particular requirements or suit his individual taste.

This service is gratis, and many have found it helpful in deciding that troublesome question of combinins bearrty rvith economv in the building of the nerv home.

Our Oak Flooring Looks Good Enough To Eat TRY SOME!

Straight or Mixed Cars

Phin OrL Flooril6

Qurrtcrcd OeL Floorirl

Bccch Floorin3

Herdwood Trin

Herdwood Mouldiag

Rough or Drcrrcd Orh

Lunbcr

Rough or Drcrcd Gun

Lunbcr

OeL \te3on Stocl

Perquctry Stripr ilromrtic Rcd Codrr

California Takes Third And Ninth Place In 1923 Building

California has the distinction of har.ing her two largest cities among the leaders for lxrilding totals for the past year.

A compilation of figures for the -l-ear shotvs Nerv york in the lead rvith a total of $753.4U8,000.00, Chicago following with $328.000,000.00, and l-os Angeles next rvith $200,000._ 000.00. San Francisco ranks ninth rvith a total of 950,000,000.00.

Chicago Lumber C,o. of Werhington

Gocnl O6ccr Nov rt ll00-lll2 Hinrrt Bld3., SAN FRANCIIICO

Millr rnd O6ccr

The Magic Of Doing Right

There is a magic in doing right, in obeying the lau's o[ the universe, in giving ourselves in service to our fellou' men, in being decent and kind ancl neighborly. that is greater than all the magic of magicians that rve reatl alrortt in the story books of our youth. \Ate are wise u'hen u-e accept as the scientific truth the famous phrase, "Il1'" tl"s not seen, nor ear hearcl, nor can it enter into the heart oi man what things God has prepared for those that selve Him." (Dreier).

The Future Of Liars

"Do you know what happens to little boys that tell lies, when they grc/w up?l' asked the teacher.

"Yeah," said.littlg Johnnie Wiseguy. "The house sends 'em out on the road as traveling salestrlen."

O'ILAUGIFI-.-

-like a boy at splendors that have spedTo vanished joys be blind, and deaf, and dumb; By judgrnents seal the dead past with its deadBut never bind a moment yet to come."

A Real Bust

Illinister's Wife: "Wake up, John ! in the house."

Minister: :"\Vel,l. rvltat of it? [,et rnistake for tiremselrres.l' '| i;

:.,

There are burglars them fincl otrt their

Poorly Punctuated

Saici a nrem.b.e5 qfi a clelegatiorr frotlt 'l'he l,otre Star State in a lrtirst o[ irrator-r' i

"We represgnt the sovereigt-t State of 'l'exas. So vcltttrg tl'rat the first rvhite Nonlan born irr Texas is still living' Yet she has nearly fir'e nlil,lion population today."

There \vas a pause o{ ll{rvilderment...ancl then. a r-oice rang orlt : "Sencl that u'otnan otlt to Nevada. \\'e tree<l her."

A Commonplace Life

"A commonlllace life" \\'e say as rve sigh. But why shoulcl rr'e sigl-r as u'e sav ?

The commonplace sttn in the commorlplace sk-rMakes up the commonPlace daY'.

The moon ancl the stars are commonplace things, And the florver that blooms and the bird that sings. llut dark lvere the rvorld, and sad our lot,

If the flolvers failed an-d the sun shorvn not.

Ancl Gocl. l'ho stuclies each separate soul

C)ut of commonplace lives make His beautiful u'hole'

Corn And Deomcrats

-A. Republican wag has gone on record as remarking that he regrets to see a big corn crop in this countrv llecause, "The'more corn we raise the more licker we make, and the rnore licker rve make the more f)emocrats rve have." That's a dirty remark.

The End Of A Perfect Sawmill Day

A sawmill lnan one morn got tlp And found the sun rvas bright, His breakfast food, each plate ancl cttp, And everything rvas right. He heard the morning u'histle lllorv And heard the sarvs begin Their singing in the vale belou' The day to ttsher in.

And then he rtandererl to tlre nrill. Found ever,v rnan in place. And each one l'orking l'ith a n'ill And with a snriling face. The logs canre t1p u'ithottt a hitch To sarvs as shar'11 as su'ords. Each san' prt.'duced a perfect flitclr. Ilach flitch the best of boards.

And not a pulley slipped a belt. And life n as just a Song. The logs to lumber seemed to rnelt. And not a thing s'ent rviong. Tl.re rnorning rnail goocl orders btottght. And cancellations none. In all the letters there s'as t-tot -'\ kick from anvone.

All day the mill.. from earlv tlatvn. Till night began to fall, Kept u,rorking oh and sarving on Without a break at all.

At last the milhnan homes'ard l'ent Without a woe or care, And, kneeling by his little bed. He prayecl this little prayer:

"O. Lord ! I knolv that sonetinre I Will have to perish too-

I knou' that sometime I shall die. For people al'rr.a)'s do.

Todal- \\'e ne\-er spoiled a ltoarrl And everything rt'ent right. If it is all the same. Dear Lorcl.

I'n LIKE To DIE T'NIG(H,*'.