Dawn Of Civilization Textbook
Protection was an important part of civilizations to keep the people safe. It was important because often times raiders would break into ancient cities and steal important resources such as crops. This lead to the creation of armies. Armies protected civilizations from many threats such as raiders. An ancient civilization called Uruk, built a large, six mile long wall stretching around the entire city.
The ancient city of Uruk
Protecting and Conserving Protecting and conserving does not necessarily mean the protection of ancient civilizations. It also means the conservation and protection of culture and history. When a language was fully created, people of the ancient civilization would write down history to conserve. “The Dead Sea Scrolls� were a series of papers found in the ancient Kingdom of Judah. The scrolls talked about the religion of Judaism. This shows that many things such as religion were written down to conserve history. Oral tradition was another form of protecting and conserving. Stories were passed down from generations like folk tales.
How it Relates to Today’s World Just because protecting and conserving started 7,000 years ago, does not mean that it is not done today. Protecting and conserving can mean the protection and conservation of almost anything. Countries all have armies to protect themselves. The U.S. military is the equivalent of the ancient armies in today’s time. The ancient armies and the military both fight and protect for a certain place like a country or an ancient civilization. The protection of history, which was written down in the ancient times like The Dead Sea Scrolls, relates to today's world because many things are televised or written down in books or documents. Oral tradition is also still passed down from generation to generation. Protection and conservation is a big part of keeping culture and old traditions alive to this day.
The U.S. Military
The Dead Sea Scrolls
Bibliography "Dead Sea Scrolls." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. <http://www.ancient.eu/Dead_Sea_Scrolls/>. "Erech | Ancient City, Iraq." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. < http://www.britannica.com/place/Erech>.
"Pearson EText Sign In Page." Pearson EText Sign In Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2015. < http://view.etext.home2.pearsoncmg.com/ebook/launcheText.do?values=p >. "Wall." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2015. < http://www.ancient.eu/wall/>.
THE DAWN OF RELIGION
Religion is a common belief between many people who believe in supernatural or controlling powers that controls all aspects of life . Religion was first created by the government and its leaders of the prehistoric communities to give the residents a non-forced way to obey rules and doing good with trickery. The rulers succeeded In doing this by telling the people that there is a god who sent them to the earth for a special mission to govern the people and teach them what is correct They also told the people that they are the new leaders to guide them to follow the religion by being good people who obey rules. The unexpecting people believed the rulers and did anything to please them. For a long time the communities were living at peace by living under one religion but eventually different people heard different stories and some people believed one religion and others believed another. The people believed that the other religion was disrespectful to their own which the people fought and eventually one religion won and another lost. After the fighting many religions branched of into many different types of religion such as Christianity â&#x153;&#x17E;, Buddhism , Judaism â&#x153;Ą, and many more. The main religions were spreading rapidly and people who believed in them were doing good things for the world. Eventually the people of the world learned more about the other religions and some people believed that their religion was the only correct religion or that the other religions were violating the rules of their religion so there was more fighting and more death. Most people eventually agreed and the fighting ceased.
Modern Religion
Religion was first created to serve the purpose to give the people a reason to do good and to make them believe that there would be a reward. The first people would do anything for a longer life or an afterlife in a good place. The people enjoyed going to pray to a god and to do good deeds. In the modern era, people consider doing good as a labour and praying to a god as punishment or a bad thing. Religion was created as a way of all people being together. Religion is not as different today as it was in the early days of religion. Most people still go to a place away from home to pray and worship, believe that the deeds that were/are done serve a purpose in afterlife, and most people also believe that there are some specific rituals done to please the dead, god, etc. People have also diverged from early beliefs of why certain things do certain things, and how many people have changed and believed in new religion. Religion has changed the point of view of the people of the world, for the good or the bad.
Resources
"Religion." ThatsWhatsGoodMedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
"Wikipedia." Symmetric-Religion-Symbols. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2015. < https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Symmetric_religious_symbols.svg >. "The Sign of the Heavens - The Review of Religions." The Review of Religions The Sign of the Heavens Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.
Governme nt Key Terms Theocratic
Anarchy
Monarchy
Humans started using the government after the stone age. They had no laws or rules. As humans started evolving the need for government became more necessary. As humans got into agriculture they needed the government to be able to manage their crops or trade. Humans also needed government for protection. Because people were now living together they needed their civilizations to be protected.Lastly we needed the government for rules. Because people were now living together so they needed boundaries. There were many different types of governments like theocratic government. This is a government that focuses mainly on religions so a god is the ruler. The first known states used a theocratic form of government. The Greekâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s government included monarchies and democracies. Monarchyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s are a supreme power ruled by one single person like a king. The Athens also used a lot of government. They made the first democratic government and soon this type of governing spread all around the world. Anarchies were another type of government which is when a dictator is ruling. When this occurs some people focus on overruling the dictator. Government is a large part of our world.
Mesopotamia and Sumerians In mesopotamia they had rulers. These rulers could either keep the government the same or add their own customs and traditions. Everywhere geography religion and culture affected the government. The sumerians were divided into primitive democracies. There government was based on monarchy.
Today Today we have a lot of similar things compared to the past government. There are very few kings or queens but in England we there is a queen. Today we also have democratic and republic governments. Today in the world there are also some dictators. These are people who stay rulers for longer than they are suppose to. Like us today they had laws. If you did something wrong then you were punished. Although government changed a lot there are certain things that never changed.
Transportation The First Transportation The first form of transportation was our feet! when mankind first roamed the earth we had no cars or other forms of transportation, so we walked everywhere. Before any vehicles or mounts we only took with us what we could carry like the clothing on our back,tools and little food. But after mankind discovered agriculture we started to settle down in one area and started to focus more on other things besides survival. Early man leaving the cave(left) Early man farming(right)
Early Sea Travel After we started to build little huts in a â&#x20AC;&#x153;townâ&#x20AC;? formation we started to focus more on other things that would make our lives easier. To make the first raft we first Lashed pieces of bamboo together and floated on that but it was not very effective. The first boat was the pesse dugout canoe which was made in 8000 BC. It was made by burning a tree trunk so the wood became soft , then it was carved into the shape of a canoe. Early man used this vehicle to travel across rivers that were to strong to ordinarily cross, and it gave early man a better chance to catch bigger fish.
A picture showing how early man made the canoe with fire.
A donkey pulling a load on a cart(left)
Early Mounts Horses did not come along until 3,000 BC ,but before horses early man domesticated donkeys around 4,000 BC. Donkeys were used as labor animals, to pull heavy loads so humans could bring more things when they needed to travel, and they could pull heavier loads than any human. Then when horses came along and we were able to move across the land much faster and we could travel farther distances. When the wheel was invented and we started making carts it became much easier for horses and donkeys to pull heavier things while they were on the cart.
In other places like ancient Egypt instead of horses and they had camels. In Egypt because of the climate they don't have horses but the camels don't mind the desert. In the mountainous regions they had more llamas and alpacas than horses.
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Ancient Cave depiction of a horse(up) First Chariot being made(down)
Then with the carts we began to improve and make chariots in 1600 BC. Chariots were made to have one or more horses in the front pulling the same cart, conecting by a series of ropes. In the ancient Greek and Roman times these chariots were wildly decorated and they even held chariot races in coliseums
Ancient chariot(right) Modern car(left)
Connection to the modern world Modern World transportation is much different than ancient transportation. We have faster and durable â&#x20AC;&#x153;cartsâ&#x20AC;? now called cars. We have the luxury of being able to fly anywhere we want making transportation so much easier. And we have faster motor boats like yachts and huge cruise ships to travel in luxury. In the ancient world as they started to focus more on esthetics they started to make more technology not based of survival. Today we have so much technology and we don't worry about if we will die or live when we wake up
Got Education? Now they didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t only want Key Terms: educating for a method to civilizations surplus survive as hunters and gatherers. For example, Ancient Sumerians kept record Education: the process of of everything, and for that they receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or needed people who can read university. Education became a part and write. School was of civilizations, civilizations are extremely tough and was complex society that have cities. thought by priests. Only boys Because as we kept farming, we could go to school. If a girl had surplus,extra amount of food, wanted to go have more which later on meant that not knowledge (which was rare) everybody had to work as arming so now we started focusing on job they would have to be home specialization, and for that it schooled. Education is an required people to be more avenue to learning whether it educated so they could learn new was something more skills. Also, with the beginning of prestigious like becoming a civilizations we needed laws and rules which required language, and priest or something more writing and people living in the simple to learn about like civilizations needed to learn it. maybe farming, skill workers, Education in earlier suggests that craft workers. In school if you the lives of early humans began to messed up or made any have more life expectancy. mistake you would get wiped (Sumerians thought that you only learned something if the lesson was reinforced with a beating.)
Brain Power… Key Terms: perido
Paleolithic Era
The approximate time period , meaning length of time singled out because of a specific event. When this aspect took hold was even back then throughout the Paleolithic Era, also known as New Stone age where early humans developed fire and stone tools, because caveman educated others with cave paintings and storytelling. Connections between education with early humans and today’s world began with storytelling, then moved on to apprenticeships, which later evolved to schools, later on books and the possibility of using interne extremely easily. We still use these 5 topics although nowadays we can learn from absolutely everything in everyday life.
Children are born without culture. Education is designed to guide them into learning a new culture, and to guide them into becoming an essential need in a society. School was shorter because kids would have to help their parents with the wages, crops, and around the house. That's when “Summer” was first created, it used to be some months off with no school, but before it wasn't for leisure ilike it is today, it was to help their parents. School back then was more tough because they were sharper and if you made a mistake they would be more discouraging. The development to education led to more population, people’s lifestyle changed, and technology has transformed. As society became more evolved and complex the use of education was passed down. Education is different all around the world, it has changed since before. Different cultures have different levels and ways of teaching.
Bibliographies: ❖ "Ancient Civilizations: Americas." Americas. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015. ❖ "Ancient History Encyclopedia." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015. ❖ "Ancient Mesopotamia for KidsSchool." School in Ancient Mesopotamia. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015. ❖ "Education." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2015. ❖ "A History of Learning Outside The Classroom." Gale. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2015. ❖ "My Gulliver Login." Gulliver Schools: Member Login. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015.
Primitive Writing Communication Before communication became written early humans communicated by art. They drew pictures, paintings, and carved symbols on the walls. They also communicated by drawing pictures on the floor and grunts and groans.This early communication showed that these humans did not have a very complex language because they did not have a written form of communication or speech. Primitive written communication started before 3,500 B.C because after that the actual sounds of speech and writing started to come along. Early humans had a somewhat connection to todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s world because westill have the same body type as the Homo Sapiens except we have just evolved languge a little bit and became smarter.
What Caused Communication to become part of Civilizations Communication became part of civilizations to be used for recording trading deals. It started in Mesopotamia. By about 3,500 BC, the actual sounds of speech (either whole words or syllables) were written down on clay tablets using a stylus. Recording trade deals is what mainly caused the communication in civilizations. They had to have communication for trade because they had to write down or talk about what trades they made. They also had to use communication to talk to each other to see if they wanted to make the trade.
Modern Day Writing Communication
Modern day writing evolved from ancient writing which first started from cave drawings and paintings on walls to communicate. It needed to become part of civilizations to record trade deals, talk and many more things. Communication evolved from drawings in caves to speech and writing on papyrus. Modern day writing communication showed that we became smarter as time passed and we started to create complex language to stratagize and kill other species who still did not have a complex language. By around 1,000 B.C we started to create an alphabet and soon created a complex language. Early humans have some connections to todays world. For example, we still have connections to the Homo Sapiens like our body type and communication. Modern humans evolved in communication and became smarter.
EasyBib
"Ancient Writing." Early Humans. London: Dorling Kindersley, 2007. N. pag. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 5 Oct. 2015. < http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|CX25963000 >. "Writing." World Eras. Ed. Ronald Wallenfels. Vol. 8: Ancient Mesopotamia, 3300-331 B.C.E. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 131-37. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 7 Oct. 2015. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE| CX3035300062&v=2.1&u=gullacad&it=r&p=GVRL& sw=w&asid=661b27fe67c41ebbd966dfe6b37bb13a >.
Tools helped people survive in early times and was used as a form of technology. Stone tools were the first form of tools that early man carved for cooking, protection, hunting, and weaving.
What Caused it to become part of civilizations Tool making was a form of technology or something that makes life easier. One way was hunting. Humans carved the end of stones and rocks to make them sharper for hunting. Humans figured out how to make hunting less dangerous for the person killing the animal. As time passed early humans started using things like sticks to attach the stone to it. Animals started dying in one hit and humans started to kill from a larger distance. Another way was cooking. The stone tools were an easy way to carve and make bowls, knives, forks and things like that. Humans used them to make fire to cook meat for food. The last way is weaving. Early humans had no clothes to wear until humans started using the skin of the animal that they killed for clothing and warmth. The stones helped make the skin easier to wear for humans and caused them to be warm.
What does tool making show about early humans People in the Paleolithic era used more stones and rocks as a form of technology. They were not as advanced in technology as us today, but started to innovate their objects to help make it better for use. This was known as the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Old Stone age.â&#x20AC;? The Neolithic Era was known as the New Stone Age. Humans still mostly used stone as their resource for tools. They made things lie arrowheads for hunting, axes for cutting down trees, and things made out of flint to cook with. The people who lived during the agricultural revolution made tools for farming. That includes sickles, Axe Flail,Harrow, Haymaking Forks, Mouldboard Plough, Rake, Scythe, Shears, Spade, Wheeled Plough, Winnowing Basket.
The approximate time period when tool making of civilizations took hold Tool making started in the Paleolithic era which was approximately 3.5 million years ago. Tool making improved through every era because humans figured out how to make things easier to use. Tool making is still going on today and probably will never stop. Some forms of tool making today are stoves, grills, ovens for cooking and things like pistols, machine guns, rifles are used for killing and protection.
Comparing early humans to today The early humans were part of the Old and The New Stone age. They used things like stone, rocks, sticks and animals for technology. Things like axes, sickles, and things like that were made by primitive people to make their lives easier. Humans today are part of the age of technology. Many things today are made electronically and are more helpful and useful in todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s world.
EASYBIB Works Cited
Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2015. "First Technologies: Fire and Tools." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. "First Technologies: Fire and Tools." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. N.p., n.d. Web. N.p., n.d. Web. Q, By Charles. "World's Oldest Stone Tools Predate Humans." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 20 May 2015. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. "Search Results (Tool+making, Page 1)." - Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2015.
Recreation Key Terms: Recreation Surplus Civilization Specialization What caused recreation to be a part of Early humans used specialization, the act of concentrating on a limited number of goods or activities to get work done faster and more efficiently. The early humans ended up with a surplus or extra amount of food and supplies in civilizations, the society, culture, and way of life of a particular area. They needed a way to entertain themselves. The early humans had recreation, an activity done for enjoyment when one is not working, For example, in ancient Rome some of the favorite recreational activities were swimming, horseback riding, wrestling, boxing and more. The activities were not only for children, there were also activities for adults like hunting and fishing for men, and weaving for women.
civilizations
Recreatio n What recreation suggests about the lives of early humans
Connections between early humans and today's world
Early recreation shows that early humans finished all of their work and had a surplus of items and food. This gave them recreation. Recreation also shows that the early humans were hard workers that liked to have fun and take breaks. Now and instead of working every day, they could relax and take breaks.
The connections between early humans and humans today, is that both do activities that please us and make life more fun. We still have many recreational activities in common such as horseback riding, swimming, boxing,
The approximate time period when this aspect of civilization took place 2.6 million years ago early humans were exploring the possibilities of handicrafts and stones. By 35000 BC the Homo Sapiens discovered art. Art was discovered to express oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s feelings in the form of drawings. Art is a form of recreation because it is something that is done for fun.
wrestling.
Resource s "Athletics, Leisure, and Entertainment in Ancient Rome." Ancient History Encyclopedia. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Therapeutic Recreation Timeline: Beginning to 1885." Therapeutic Recreation Timeline: Beginning to 1885. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "CLAS240 Syllabus: Sport and Recreation." CLAS240 Syllabus: Sport and Recreation. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
Pictures"Ancient Civilization | Indian-Ancient Wisdom." IndianAncient Wisdom. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Cool Ancient Wallpaper." #6781002. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "ANCIENT ROME." ANCIENT ROME. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
Trade Early trade in history The first evidence of trade was found Ebla. It showed scientists and historians that early marketers would travel on foot trading tile, gold and silver jewlery, agricultural produce, and work items made of bronze and copper. Trade Evolves trading by foot continued for hundreds of years and was quickly adapted as the only way. until, and this still applies today, they discovered the best way to trade was through water. The first evidence of waterborne trade took place around 3000 B.C and was in the Nile and Tigris river and its tributaries. The Phoenicians were, at the time, considered and noted as the best sea traders as they would travel to places such as Europe for bronze and copper. For this reason they would set up trade colonies, that were specially noted by the greeks, called Emporia's. The Phoenicians and trade countries like Mesopotamia would build alliances that made them depend on each other in a primitive interdependent society in which places like Europe received spices while Asian countries received metal and tools. Trading in China
Trade
One of the most notable trading countries in the world was, and still is, China. Chinas Emperor built the infamous silk road in which traders would travel miles in blazing heat to trade porcelain and silk, porcelain at the time being referred to as â&#x20AC;&#x153;white goldâ&#x20AC;? and silk being of the finest in the world.
Modern Trade Trade in the 21st Century. Today, Trade is done mostly by boat and or plane. New technologies such as better cargo ships and planes make mass trading easier than ever in history. Apart from markets in some countries Trading or moving by foot is irrelevant in today's society. Trading Nations Since trading has become so easy many nations depend on each other for items. These places are referred to as Trading Nations. Trading Nations economy is made up of trade through capitalism or in some cases communism. The U.S.A for example is based on capitalism while countries like cuba are based on communism.
This picture shows traders in history going on what would be a many month journey. Today, this may not take more than some days
Education Origin:
Hieroglyphics; writing invented by the Egyptians. As civilizations grew more complex and bigger in both city and population, people needed to pass down knowledge from one generation to the next, thus starting the idea of education. Cave art was the first form of education; telling stories in pictures on the wall. Writing is one kind of development of education. The first form of writing was cuneiform, which used wedges to write. Primitive education taught children to be more useful to their tribe. Creating language was also very helpful for education.
Cuneifor m
Uses:
The Latin language and the Latin roots.
Education had a very important role in evolution. Man learned about farming and needed to keep records. Mesopotamia was the first civilization to use writing as a system to teach. However, there were no organized school buildings, and parents had to pay for their children to go to school. The Greeks soon made private schools that even poor people could afford, but only for a limited amount of time. Only boys were allowed to go to school. The girls were taught how to sew and cook for their families in the future.
Evolution:
Egyptian tombs
Egyptian plaques
Trees: The ROOT of paper! Ha!
Schools were a quick and easy way of teaching children. After they were taught, they learned other new things and discoveries. The Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato realized the importance of education and formed schools of higher learning which led to todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s universities and colleges. The less educated people, the less civilized they were. An important time in the evolution history of education is when the Greeks created their own alphabet. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s when education got extremely simple. We soon invented parchments to write one. Parchments, however, were not paper. They were very different. Parchments were they new way of sending information and messages, which helped education spread throughout the world. Very soon in AD times paper was so you could write essays or homework. Homeschools were also available at the time, but only if your father was a scribe, or someone who can write and knows the alphabet. The Egyptians now used hieroglyphics, an enigmatic and complicated system of writing on plaques for tombs of fallen kings or leaders.. The Chinese wanted great education access and thought it absolutely necessary to have great and free education. Times changed, and now you have to pay for schools.
Timeline: ➢ 3500 BC - Cuneiforms ➢ 3300 BC - Hieroglyphics ➢ 1600 BC - Chinese characters ➢ 1200 BC - Greek alphabet develops and influences Romans later ➢ 600 BC - Renewable “notebooks” - Tablets with waxed surfaces ➢ 500 BC - Confucius influences education
Hieroglyphics
Greek alphabet
➢ 400 BC - Greeks get higher education ➢ 200 BC - Development of parchments ➢ 64 AD - Israelites open schools so the torah can be read by all. ➢ 105 AD - Paper is discovered
Parchment
Modern Education: Today’s education is very different from back then. Girls are now allowed to go to schools in more countries, except for few like Iran and more. There are more discoveries and more to learn, but children are less enthusiastic than they were a long time ago. In the before the late 1900’s, children were beaten with paddles when showing any backtalk or rudeness and sat in the corner with dunce caps if they were always wrong. Ever since the late 1900’s this has happened, but now times have changed and any teacher who continues these “traditions” will be arrested for child abuse.
Public schools allowed children dress code. to wear whatever they wanted.
Private schools had a
Bibliography References: Chen, Theodore Hsi-en. "Education." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 4 June 2015. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. < http://www.britannica.com/topic/education>.
"Education and Schools Chronology: Ancient Civilizations." School Education Chronology Ancient Civilizations. N.p., 11 Sept. 2010. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://histclo.com/act/sch/chron/fasc-anc.html>.
"A History of Education Timeline." A History of Education Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. < http://www.tiki-toki.com/timeline/entry/56733/A-History-of-Education-Time #vars!date=2166 BC-02-07_00:52:18!>.
When these aspect became part of civilizations: The oldest walls (city walls) found are those of the temple of Gobekli Tepe in Urfa, southeastern Turkey which date to 11,500 years ago. Amies were first formed in around 3000 to 2316 B.C. Although there is no exact date for when oral tradition began, there is evidence that it began shortly after the development of complex language. The first alphabet developed sometime near the end of the 4th millennium BC.
Early humans to todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s humans: Today we still need to protect our countries from other nations that we may be at war with so that they do not destroy our cities and slaughter our people. We also need to conserve our history and culture so that future generations know about us and about the way we lived.
What caused protecting and conserving to become part As civilizations began to emerge, people needed to protect their important resources and valuable items from attackers. Governments took of civilizations? on the role to protect and defend their countries as well as conserving their history. Protecting: Defensive wall or City wall-a fortification used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors/attackers. Walls began to rise around cities throughout Mesopotamia shortly after populations began to emerge in the region around c.4500 BCE. Gates, watchtowers, and a ditch running around the outer perimeter of the wall that was filled with water made up city walls. Armies:
Another way that government protected their country or city was by forming and training armies to defend their society from invasions and/or to expand its borders. Early people were constantly at war with their neighbors. The reason they fought was for more land which meant more power because of the resources and valuables found in those countries/cities.
Conserving: History Oral tradition-â&#x20AC;&#x153;A community's cultural and historical traditions passed down by word of mouth or example from one generation to another without written instruction.â&#x20AC;? Everything early people knew about themselves and about the world around them was conserved and passed down throughout the generations.
Writing-The main reason that early humans began to keep track to time was because they wanted to have accurate measurements of the rising and setting sun.
Pictographs-symbols which represent objects, were the first form of writing that helped people remember important events. They also helped people remember prayers, songs, and rituals. They eventually started using them to write down laws and keep track of trade.
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Section 1 Producing, Consuming, and Exchange Key Terms: Self-sufficiency
Surplus
specialized
Economy
Producing, Consuming, and Exchange
As farming spread, many small settlements started. These Farming settlements grew into cities. Cities first started as small farming villages. Then they started to trade with one and another. Trading soon became an important source of wealth, and led to civilizations.
How did Trading began? When early civilizations started people believed in self-sufficiency The idea that you can produce everything you could ever need. Trading began when humans stopped being nomads and started to settle down in one place. Early humans grew only what they needed for their family to survive. Then people started growing surplus amounts of food. A surplus amount of food is an extra amount, or more than needed. When people started to have surplus amounts of food and supplies, early humans started to trade those extra goods for items or food they did not have. For example if one city was on a river and one city on farming village. The farming city would trade crops for fresh fish from the river.
How did early people use it? Early humans used trade for many different reasons. One reason was to get what they needed. If someone specialized in one job than they would trade what they make with someone who has a different job. This way everyone only had to do one job which gave people more time to be with their family or have free time. Another way people used trade would be if they were traveling. If an early human was going on a journey it would be hard to carry everything they needed for their journey. Villages would act like pit stops and people would trade what they have for what they need. Soon people started to trade for things they wanted.
When did trading beguin? Trading beguin when early humans first started to settle down in one place. This started when people decided there were easier ways of living that being nomads. So they built homes and domesticated plants and animals to feed themselves. Then people wanted more, but they knew they could not farm everything . So people decided that they could trade. Trading made life of early humans much easier because now people only had to know how to do one thing.
How has this aspect evolved from early man to today?
When trading first started many hundreds of thousands of years ago early civilizations economies where fairly simple. But today we have very modern complex economies. We buy many luxury items like ipads, computers, and iphone etc. Early people would work all day and buy only what they needed to survive. Also now we use money, credit, and debit cards to buy things compared to early humans would only trade and did not have currency. Today we buy much of our items on the internet from large corporations like amazon, ebay, walmart, target, and walgreens. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy is much different from early humans. Our life has changed in many ways. For example, now instead of walking long distances to get what you needed to survive we buy things at local chain stores, or the internet wich is much easier and more convenient.
Sources Whipps, By Heather. "How Ancient Trade Changed the World." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 17 Feb. 2008. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. "Trade." Trade. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. "Trade." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. Karpiel, Frank, Kathleen Krull, and Grant P. Wiggins. My World History. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2012. Print. "Climate Change." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Early Market." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Farming Village." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. Forextrading. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. Gawkeeasset. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Machu Picchu." Trip Base. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. "Online Shopping." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015. Poeeaworld. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
Communication
Communication advances civilization Communication is using behaviors, words, signs, or sounds to express or exchange ideas. In the dawn of civilization, people discovered that having a complex system of communication was useful in everyday life. It was quickly integrated in society and became a fundamental skill, as it is today. Speech made it possible for humans to effectively function amongst one another.. Writing, for instance, was developed to make long-distance trade easier by making sure it was known how much of any given good was going to be delivered. Another use they had for writing was to document rules that leaders decided an area should live by, or laws. The last common use they had for writing was to record the production of crops, as many people still made their livelihood through agriculture. Communication is essential to complex society, and this has not changed though the years because civilizations still rely on being able to effectively interact with other governments or amongst themselves. At this point in history, humans were beginning to construct the building blocks for all we regard as a crucial part of our daily lives today.
Development of Communication Adapting Communication Communication remains an important part of our lives today, just as it was in the dawn of civilization. In those days, however, communication was used for a different purpose than it might be in modern day society. It has evolved with time. Speech, for instance, has come a long way. It originated as a series of grunts to communicate the simplest of ideas. There are now many different languages with complex grammar and a more developed vocabulary. People now take the time to learn these languages in order to communicate with each other around the world. Uses for writing are much more varied than they were in the dawn of civilization. Writing is encountered every day and is taught broadly, no longer reserved for the nobility.
Resources
"History of Communication." History of Communication. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015. Karpiel, Frank, Kathleen Krull, and Grant P. Wiggins. "Ch.2, Sect.2." My World History. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2012. 97. Print. Mark, Joshua J. "History of Writing." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., 28 Apr. 2011. Web. 2 Oct. 2015.
Religion Key Terms : Established religion
Civilization
What time period did religion become an aspect of civilization. In the Paleolithic era people had religion because they buried their dead which meant they believed in life after death. Early humans also believed in animism which means they believed that the natural world is filled with spirits. Evidence also suggests that early man painted animals to ask for forgiveness for having killing them. Evidence shows that they could of done this but it is only an assumption because it was prehistory so nobody knows what actually happened. Religion peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s beliefs and practices about the existence, nature,and worship of a god or gods actually became an aspect of civilization in the Neolithic era. Religion was often linked to the government. Established religion or official religion supported by the government was created during the birth of cities when the rulers gave them a common religion.
Animism
Religion
What caused religion to be a part of civilization? People wanted a better understanding on how everything was created. Humans just came up with different gods and goddesses that they believed controlled the events in their lives. Primative people were scared of their gods but thought the gods protected them. Rulers also used religion to say that the gods gave the ruler the right to be in control. It helps local communities have a common understanding and shared values and that helps a civilization grow.
Religion What does religion suggest about the lives of early humans? Some early humans used their religion for rules on how to treat one another. Early humans also buried their dead because they believed in life after death. They would pray to their gods to keep them happy. Evidence suggests that we believed that the natural world is filled with spirits. Civilization or a complex society that has cities , a well organized government, and workers with specialized job skills can not survive without religion
Paleolithic burial site in Italy
October 7, 2015
Connections through religion from early to modern people? Early civilizations had their religion linked to the government and in some countries we still have established religion. Modern people still bury their dead just like they did in the Paleolithic era. We still believe in many gods and goddesses that early man believed in. We still pray to the gods like early people could have done. Priests still offer sacrifices and lead prayers.
Bibliography
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Karpiel, Frank, Kathleen Krull, and Grant P. Wiggins. My World History. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2012. Print.
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