High-Quality ELA & Early Literacy for
Fort Wayne Community Schools
Great Minds PBC 840 Hermitage Rd. Richmond, VA 23220 804.259.2777 greatminds.org greatminds.org
page 1
Wit & Wisdom® Bringing the joy of reading and writing to Fort Wayne Community Schools.
Wit & Wisdom is a comprehensive, Grades K–8 English language arts curriculum developed by and for teachers. Each of the four Wit & Wisdom modules in a year centers on the study of rich and engaging texts, curated to build student knowledge of important ideas on a significant, high-interest topic in the liberal arts and the sciences. The approach is integrated and text-based: daily reading, writing, speaking, listening, grammar, and vocabulary study is based on—and draws on evidence from—exceptional books. Wit & Wisdom core texts are authentic, previously published works of fiction and nonfiction that represent award winners (e.g., Caldecott, Newbery, Coretta Scott King, ALA Notable) and high-quality exemplars that showcase diverse viewpoints and genres. Wit & Wisdom texts are exceptional in both content and craft. Literary texts feature plot complexity, exemplary use of language and literary devices, and high-quality illustrations. Informational texts pique curiosity, build content knowledge, and introduce a range of perspectives and forms. Representing grade-level complexity expectations or higher, the literary and informational texts in Wit & Wisdom merit close reading, lend themselves to the development of content knowledge and the skills described in the Indiana
“The kids are so engaged, there’s no downtime. They’re talking about books all the time–in P.E. class, at lunch, everywhere.” - Superintendent Shawn Kimble
Academic Standards, and, most Lauderdale County Schools (TN) importantly, engage students in productive—and joyful—struggle. To foster students’ analytical abilities so they can engage in reasoned, evidencebased discourse on issues of personal or social importance, Wit & Wisdom has at its core strategic, repeatable processes, such as content framing questions and craft questions, that empower all students to read and respond to complex texts. Wit & Wisdom establishes these lines of questioning so that students have the tools and time to engage deeply in their own learning, helping students understand and discern the meaning of complex texts. Skill development follows a coherent sequence of English language arts standards while staying true to the demands of each individual text (Adler and Van Doren 46–48; Liben 1–9; Shanahan 9–11).
greatminds.org
page 2
Each module in every grade is built around a rich topic with an Essential Question that guides student inquiry. Several Focusing Questions (3-6 per module) organize arcs of lessons that build students’ carefully sequenced knowledge of texts and the Essential Question. Focusing Questions narrow students’ focus to investigate a specific aspect of the Essential Question. Students then address a form of the Essential Question in the End-of-Module Task, a summative assessment grounded in an authentic, evidence-based writing task. At the lesson level, Content Framing Questions guide students’ daily work of encountering, understanding, and analyzing carefully sequenced module texts. Students work repeatedly with these texts over the course of the module to build academic and content-specific vocabulary and content knowledge. Another line of daily questioning, Craft Questions, teaches students the elements of strong craft—writing, speaking, and listening. Expert advisors developed the Wit & Wisdom learning design based on current high-quality academic research. Skilled teachers, literacy coaches, and school leaders then brought their years of experience about what works and what doesn’t within a classroom to write lessons based on that learning design. These teacher-writers applied their knowledge of how to meet students at their level, keep them engaged, differentiate when necessary, and build a love of books to propel all students into success in college, career, and civil life. The below chart delineates how Wit & Wisdom applies this research in our program design:
Research Says “Performance
on
Students Need
Wit & Wisdom Responds
complex Students need to be able Instead of basals, Wit & Wis-
texts is the clearest differ- to unlock meaning from dom
students
read
complex,
entiator in reading between complex texts.
grade-level books they love—
students who are likely to be
from classics such as The Story
ready for college and those
of Ferdinand and Animal Farm,
who are not” (ACT 16–17).
to new favorites such as Last Stop on Market Street and The
But as expectations of college
Crossover, to captivating nonfic-
and career reading have held
tion such as I Am Malala: The Girl
steady or increased, the com-
Who Stood Up for Education and
plexity of Grades K–12 texts
Was Shot by the Taliban and An
has declined (Adams 4–5;
American Plague: The True and
NGA Center and CCSSO 3).
Terrifying Story of the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793. Students use these texts at every turn—to learn, and eventually master, essential reading, writing, speaking, listening, grammar, and vocabulary skills.
greatminds.org
page 3
Research Says
Students Need
Wit & Wisdom Responds
Students who usually strug- Students need topic-fo- Each Wit & Wisdom module fogle with reading can outper- cused
vocabulary
form those who usually score background high—if they possess more Students
and cuses on an important, high-in-
knowledge. terest topic in literature, history/
need
knowl- social studies, science, or the
knowledge of a text’s topic edge-rich experiences to arts. Through carefully chosen (Willingham).
develop skills and trans- literary, informational, and visual fer them to new contexts.
art texts, students examine each
Students acquire vocabulary
central topic from diverse angles.
much faster when reading nu-
Across Grades K–8, significant
merous texts focused on one
topics strategically reoccur, es-
topic rather than a collection
tablishing a foundation of back-
on scattered topics. In an ef-
ground knowledge.
fect known as bootstrapping, reading increasingly complex texts focused on a single topic allows students to access texts above their typical independent reading level by expanding relevant background knowledge
and
vocabulary
(Adams 9–10). Before students can flexibly apply a skill, such as determining main ideas or organizing an essay, they need multiple experiences working in meaningful contexts over extended periods of time (National Research Council 65–66).
greatminds.org
page 4
Research Says
Students Need
Wit & Wisdom Responds
To comprehend any text, read- Students need to devel- Wit & Wisdom establishes a line ers coordinate and execute op the skills necessary to of questioning to help students a huge number of complex access any text they en- understand
and
discern
the
thinking processes (Fountas counter.
meaning of complex texts. Skill
and Pinnell 272–273; Frey and
development follows a coherent
Fisher 18).
Students need a process sequence of English language for reading, understand- arts standards while staying true
Each text’s unique attributes ing, and analyzing com- to the demands of each individual inform the varied questions, plex texts.
text.
tasks, and standards students explore and practice with that
Students employ many skills in
text (Shanahan 9–11).
service of understanding each text, while building mastery of
Successful readers hold a
a smaller number of focus stan-
“standard for coherence,” ex-
dards that are particularly rele-
pecting to understand each
vant to the specific texts within a
aspect of a text, from strik-
module.
ing word choice to byzantine structure to puzzling allusions (Pearson and Liben 1). Repeatedly
progressing
through a sequence of purposeful, reading
predictable stages
close
(Adler and
Van Doren 46–48; Liben 1–9) can establish and enable that standard for coherence.
greatminds.org
page 5
Research Says Reading,
writing,
Students Need
Wit & Wisdom Responds
speaking, Students need an inte- Wit & Wisdom takes an integrated
and listening are interrelated grated approach to lit- approach to literacy, as the work aspects of the same act: com- eracy and content to in- students do with reading, thinkmunicating ideas through lan- crease learning
ing, speaking, listening, writing,
guage. When studied togeth-
vocabulary, and grammar all ties
er, these strands reinforce one
into the module’s topic or Essen-
another (Graham and Perin
tial Question. Teachers leverage
20–21; Hawkins et al. 14).
the content knowledge students gain through the texts to support
Content integration levels the
their abilities in other areas, such
playing field among students
as having academic conversa-
with different types of back-
tions or writing meaningfully and
ground knowledge by focusing
purposefully.
on information gained through reading rather than through personal experience (Hawkins et al. 34–36)
“Students are learning for themselves, discovering, and growing. They are digging in, talking, and writing so much more. We never had so much excitement about literacy instruction. Wit & Wisdom is absolutely challenging, but it’s also exactly what our kids need.”
- ELA Curriculum Specialist
Rogers Public Schools, Arkansas
greatminds.org
page 6
FROM THE FIELD Wit & Wisdom and Geodes have provided our students the opportunity to contextualize the knowledge they're building during instruction and widen their view of the world around them. Students year after year will continue to build knowledge and widen their 'lenses' of the world, making them better critical thinkers and overall citizens. That's what education is supposed to do for children.
DUSTIN LEMAY K-12 Director of Teaching & Learning Avon Community Schools Corporation