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Copyright © 2008 Department of Education All rights reserved First Edition 2008 ISBN 81-86627-85-5 Acknowledgement: Financial support from ARTIC(Association For Rengein Tanjouji International Cooperation), Japan has made this publication possible. Published by: Publication Cell Department of Education,Central Tibetan Administration of H.H. The Dalai Lama, Gangchen Kyishong Dharamshala-176215, (H.P.) Printed by: Sherig Parkhang /TCRPC
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hï-mÅ-h¤G-uÛ-DP-hÝ-Í-ºƒâG-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-hP-Í-¤hô-¢Ûm-q-M-¤±ô-GZÛÅ-¾-xG¼ôGÅ-zŸÛ-zÇ+ô-zŸG-GmP-z-hP.ü ÁôG-DG-Åô-ÅôºÛ-G®ô-º²Ûm-zÇ+ô-zŸG-GmP.ü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-Gô¾G-ZÝP-ZÝP-¾Å-¤ïh-Aïm-zôh-GŸÝP-¾-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-¾m-¤P-ŸÝÅ-q¼-GŸÝP-xôGÅ-mÅ-GmP-fzÅGbm-mÅ-¤ïh-Ç+ô¼-xÛ-±ß¾-hÝ-z;º-wïzÅ-ˆP.ü mP-hôm-hÝ-ÁPÅ-hGº-¿km-VôÅ-ºDô¼-hGôm-HÛ-Gô¤²ôh-mP-hÝ-Gô-¾G-WÛ-»ôh-ºyôG-¾ïm-HÛ-±ß¾-hÝ-¾ïm-q¼-zBôh-ºfÞÅü ŸïÅ-wïzÅü 14
hï-ºy¾-d-h¤G-zhÝm-zM-¿S-zTß-Ç+ô¼-ŸÛG-GÅP-zºÛ-fôG-¿Ëô-D-mÅ-ÁPÅ-hGº-¿km-VôÅ-ºDô¼hGôm-HÛ-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-fômü DôP-±ôºÛ-¿Ëm-hÝ-hï-ÇSôm-¿Ë-ż-»ôh-qºÛ-M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤G-uÛ-DP-GÛ-wôGÅDP-¾Å-‚ïh-M-h¤G-¿kÛP-hqôm-zôh-¤ÛP-hÝ-zÇem-q-h¼-MÅ-ŸïÅ-q-ŸÛG-hP-„ÀPÅ-h¤G-ÇK¼-h݃ôÅ-‚ô¾-hÝ-»ôP-mÅ-¤Gô-zbGÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-hïºP-¤Z¤-hÝ-ºFÛhü DôP-±ô-Vß-Áݾ-hÝ-º‚ô¼-Ç+zÅ-M¤Û-hï-¾¤-ºôG-bà-Vz-GÅP-GbôP-z¼-ºIô-DÞ¾-‚Å-bï-¿Ë-Å-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-GÅP-ƒôÅ-‚Å-q-¼ïhü 15
Dô-q-M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤G-ÇK¼-hÝ-Á¼-zBôh-‚Å-bïü zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-ÁPÅ-hGº-¿km-VôÅ-ºDô¼hGôm-hÝ-»ôP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-GÅP-GmÅ-M-h¤G-¾-zÁh-q-hP.ü Vß-Áݾ-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-M-h¤G-mÅGÅP-ºyÛm-º‚ô¼-z-GZÛÅ-¤fÞm-ÇezÅü M-h¤G-Eôm-Vï-ŸÛG-hï-ºy¾-ljï-¤ô-¤hô-¤D¼-ÅÞ¤-¤hôÅôGÅ-ÅÞ-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-¾-ºWz-Lô¾-‚-MãºÛ-Vïh-ÇSôm-ÇKÝG-‚ïh-hÝ-zbP-z-zŸÛmü M-h¤Ghï-±ôÅ-Å-DÞ¾-hïºÛ-¼Û-¾ÞP-±P-¤-¤fº-zÇ+ô¼-mÅ-º²ÛP-¼GÅ-¤P-qô-z¸ôÅ-bï-ºWz-ÇKÝG-‚Åü 16
d-h¤G 150 ÇSôm-¾-Åô-¿e-‚ïh-q¼-zBôh-¤Û-±ô¼-zÞh-¤ïh-GZÛÅ-ºyh-qÅ-M-h¤G-Eôm-Vï-º‚ô¼»ôh-Ç+ô¼-zÁh-q¼-hï-®¤-»Ûh-VïÅ-¤-‚ãP-»P-Á¼-zBôh-‚ïh-¤-zhï-z¼-Hã¼ü hïºÛ-XïÅ-ÇÀ¼-»P»Þ¾-¤Û-BïÅ-q-GZÛÅ-ºyh-q-hï-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-M-h¤G-¯-z-mÅ-¤ïh-Ç+ô¼-Gmº-Bï¾-fô-º²âGÅ-‚Åq¼-»Ûh-VïÅ-‚Å-bï-zBôh-Ç+zÅü M-h¤G-GÛÅ-xôGÅ-zŸÛ-mÅ-¤ï-¤hº-hP-¤ï-NôGÅ-zMz-Çeïü ÇS-iô-Vß-±ôh- 10 ®¤-mÅ-ZÛm-¤±m-GÅÞ¤-zÇeàh-¤¼-ºfz-º²ÛP-‚ïh-hGôÅ-‚ãP.ü 17
Ç+zÅ-hïºÛ-h¤G-ºfz-mP-Eôm-zÇkô¤Å-hP-h¤G 48 ˆÛ-ÆôG-Áô¼ü M-h¤G 200 ®¤zÅh-q-hP-Gô-¤±ôm-¤Û-ZÝP-z-ŸÛG-ºyôG-fÞzü xÛ-ZÛm-¤±m-¤ôºÛ-Vß-±ôh- 12 ®¤-¾-hqÞPh¤G-n¤Å-¤Z¤-º²ô¤Å-ˆÛÅ-ljï-¤ô-zMãh-hï-zBôh-qÅü zôh-¹- 7 ±ïÅ- 17 ZÛm-n¤-JÀÛP-µôPDôPÅ-ÁPÅ-hGº-¿km-VôÅ-ºDô¼-hGôm-hÝ-º‚ô¼ü hGôm-qºÛ-¾Å-Çoï-n¤Å-hP-wm-±ßm-¾z-JÀïP-Vﮤ-‚ïh-hGôÅ-‚ãP-»P-¤f¼-Gô-¾G-WÛ-»ôh-±P-¤-¯ÛÅ-vôh-ˆÛÅ-mP-¤fÞm-GP-¾ï^-‚ãP.ü 18
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JÀôG-ºyÛm-hï¼ü IÛ-GÝ-fP-hÝ-Gm¤-fôG-mÅ-Gô-¤±ôm-G»ÞG-Mã-hP.ü d-iï¾- 40 I-OÛGGÛÅ-IÛ-GÝ-fP-hÝ-¤±m-¤ô¼-zÅÞ-¾ïm-‚ïh-hGôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ÅôGÅü ºƒï¾-»ôh-JÀôG-ºyÛm-¾Å-‚ïhmÅ-zXôh-hôm-¿e¼ü zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-IPÅ- 50 zBôh-hï-ZÛ-GhÝGÅ-IPÅ-hGÝ-zMãh-hïG»ÞGÅ-qºÛ-Gô-¾G-n¤Å-d-iï¾-fôG-z;¾-bï-Íï-¿Ë-M-¼Û¼-Eï¼ü hïºÛ-XïÅ-ÇÀ¼-»P-Gm¤-fôGmÅ-Gô-¤±ôm-ZÛ-GhÝGÅ-IPÅ- 19 G»ÞGÅü 20
h¤G-uÛ-Í-ºƒâG-¤VôG-GÛ-G®ôÅ-ºGô-h¤G-n¤Å-ÁPÅ-hGº-¿km-VôÅ-ºDô¼-hGôm-mÅ-Gô-¾GEï¼-bï-xÛ¼-wïzÅ-Ç+zÅü ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 5 ZÛm-ºÞ-»ÞG-º²ô¤Å-fP-hÝ-ÇSôm-zBôh-Åô-¿e-d-h¤G- 50 ºIô-zŸÛm-q¼ü ÇeG-Iâ-D-zMãh-M-h¤G-GÛ-¤ô-‡-GZÛÅ-»ôP-z-hP-Ç+zÅ-ºDï¾-bï-ºy¾-hÝ-Lô¾lÝP-zbP-ü hïºÛ-XïÅ-ÇÀ¼-»P-M-h¤G-GÛ-¤ô-‡-¤P-qô-»ôP-zºÛ-DôPÅ-mÅ- 16 Gbô¼-Bôm-hP-Mhqôm-ºGº-ŸÛG-G®ôÅ-M-h¤G-ÅÞ¤-Tß-¿ËG-zÅhü Gô-¤±ôm-GP-®¤-¾ïm-fÞz-q-‚ãP-ü 21
ljï-¤ô-hP-»PÅ-q-Tm-HÛ-mP-M-h¤G-hP-²-iG-Vï-zºÛ-h¤G-ºfz-¾m-ºGº-fÞG-q¼ü M-h¤G¾-Lô¾-lÝP-iG-qô-zbP-Çeï-ÁÛ-©Å-±zÅ-Vïm-z¸ôÅü „Àô-w¤-q-ŸÛG-¾-zM-hqôm-„Àô-IôÅ-M¾¤±m-ÅôGÅ-hP-h¤G-DG-GTÛG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-ÆôG-Áô¼ü »PÅ-q-Tm-mÅ-¤±m-GP-zBôh-hï-ÅP-ZÛm‚P-Gm¤-¤±ô-D¼-º‚ô¼ü hï¼-ZÛm-ÁÅ-¼ÛP-P¾-GÅô-hP-ºƒï¾ü h¤G-uÛ-Í-ºƒâG-¤VôG-GÛÅhzÞÅ-h¤G-uÛ-n¤Å-ºhÝ-º²ô¤Å-ˆÛÅ-¤-ºôPÅ-ºIô-Çkôh-uôh-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-ºV¼-ºGôh-¤²hü 22
hï-mÅ-ºh¤-¿Uô-¯ï-¾-zMãh-mÅ-ºh¤-GŸÝP-hÝ-zBôhü ºh¤-GŸÝP-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-M-¤ÛºÛ-Gm¤fP-GÛ-Zï-ºhzÅ-ÅÞ-º‚ô¼-z-hP-£GÅü hï¼-»ôh-M-h¤G-¾-Lô¾-Gbô¼-zbP-z-¤-¸hü Mh¤G-GÛ-zP-¤²ôh-GTÛG-¤ï-ÆïG-zbP-ü ºh¤-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤ô-‡ºÛ-GŸÝP-¾¤-fôG M-h¤G-GÛ-¤ô‡-ÇS-XïÅ-ÅÞ-Gbô¼-Bôm-zbP-ü hï-mÅ-»P-ºƒÛ-GÝP-½ÀâP-Á¼-hݺP-M-h¤G-¾-²-iG-Vï-zºÛ-Lô¾lÝP-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-‚Åü 23
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zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-n¤Å-xÛ¼-ºfïm-‚ïh-zŸÛm-q¼ü M-h¤G-GÛÅ-ÇÀ¼-»P-h¤G-uÛ-¤Gôm-qôz=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-GP-hÝ-»ôh-q-hï¼-¤ï-NôGÅ-hP-¤ï-¤hº-Ç~G-Ç~G-ÅôGÅ-iG-V¼-zzÅ-q-¿e¼MG-GÛm-XïÅ-hïh-‚ïh-Ç+zÅü M-h¤G-GÛÅ-Í-ºƒâG-¤VôG-Pô-dGÅ-Vôh-hï-¤ï-¤±ôm-MG-GÛ»ôh-q-ÁïÅ-ºy¾ü ¾¤-ÅïP-zŸôm-d-zXï-¾ïm-GmP-zÅ-²-iG-VßP-hÝ-ÅôP-ü hïºÛ-XïÅ-¤±m-GP;ôP-¯ï-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-zBôhü ;ôP-¯ï¼-º‚ô¼-XïÅ-ZÛm-GTÛG-P¾-GÅô-zMzü 25
¼Û-¤Gô-mÅ-Åô-¿e-h¤G-GÛÅ-M-h¤G-»ôP-GÛ-»ôh-qºÛ-ÇSôm-zl-zbP-z-hP-hÝÅ-¤±ßPÅ-M-h¤G-GÛŤï-¤hº-MG-ºGô-±ßGÅü M-h¤G-hï-hG-¾-¤ï-NôGÅ-hP-¤ï-¤hº-zMz-Çeï-GhôP-¾ïm-‚Å-ˆPºGôG-fzÅ-¤-‚ãP-z¼-zdïmü hP-h¤G-n¤Å-DG-zGôÅ-ˆÛÅ-xÛ¼-fômü hïºÛ-XïÅ-²-iG-GÛ-h¤Gºfz-fïPÅ-ºGº-‚Åü ljï-¤ô-wÞ-¤hº-hP-ü ;ôP-¯ï-uÛ-¤hº-Ç~äGÅ-h¤¼-GŸÝP-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-h¤Gºfz-mP-M-h¤G-Eôm-Vï-zÅhü zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-zM-Ç+ô¼-HÛ-ÆôG-Áô¼ü 26
GôP-Gž-h¤G-ºfz-ˆÛ-hÝÅ-¼Û¤-mP-ü h¤G-¤Û-D-fô¼-hÝ-Hã¼-q-DG-TÛG-GÛÅü ¤Û-Åï¼¾G-mÅ-ºyôG-zTô¤-HÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-‚ãP-z-h¤G-uÛ-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-GÛÅ-G®ôÅ-‚PzBôh-hqÞP-h¤G-n¤Å-xÛ-¹- 10 mP-M-Áôh-zïm-h;¼-hÝ-º‚ô¼-XïÅ-¤Eïm-dôGÅ-‚ãP-zÅü h¤G-FÛ¤Å-¾-Mz-ºG¾-‚ïh-¤Û-n¤Å-º²Ûm-z¸ÞP-‚Å-bï-ZïÅ-q-zThü ‚ïh-Gbï-GZÛÅ-ÆôGfôG-zbP-z¼-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-hGº-zÅÞ-fôzü M-„Àô-z¸P-z=-ÁÛÅ-¿Ë-ż-»ôh-q¼-hP-h¤G-mżôGÅ-¼¤-ºôG-zB¼-hÝ-¿Ëô-D¼-º‚ô¼ü 27
1958 ¹- 12 mP-h¤G-uÛ-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-hP-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-n¤Å-¿UGÅ-¼hq¾-ºz¼-hÝ-º‚ô¼ü hï-mÅ-Áô-d-¿Ëô-GÅÞ¤-[Áô-D-¤hôü Çe¼-µôP.ü ¿Ëô-¼ôP-µôP.GÅÞ¤-»Ûmü Çe¼-µôP-GÛ-Çe¼-¾-hGV-¤Û-ºi-z-GÅÞ¤-®¤-ºƒÛ-Æô¾-ºhÝG]hP-ü EãP-qô-h;¼-mG ±-z-hqº-Áôh-hGôm-ÅôGÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-¤fÞhˆÛÅ-h¤G-IPÅ- 2600 ®¤-zÇkÝ-Ç+ôP-fÞz-q-n¤Å-h¤G-uÛ-zŸÛ-¾-¯ÛÅ-vôh-zHÛÅ-bïü ¿Ëô-D¯ïh-fP-hP-ü ;ôP-qô-ZÛP-FÛü Çtô-zô-v-©ôG EãP-qô-h;¼-mG-mP-»ôh-qºÛ-M-h¤G-¾-ZÛm-zMhÝÅ-GTÛG-bà-w¼-Lô¾-‚-MãºÛ-h¤G-‚ãÅ-z;ôh-OÛG-GmP-Çeï-DÞ¾-Åô-Åô¼-zP-¤Û-zµPÅü 28
hïºÛ-Ç+zÅ-±-z-hqº-Áôh-ˆÛ-z=-ÁÛÅ-¯ï-hGôm-qºÛ-mP-ü zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-Gô-¤²ôh-TÛG-»ôh-q-ÁïÅdôGÅ-‚ãP-z¼-zdïmü h¤G-uÛ-Í-ºƒâG-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-GÛ-hzÞÅ-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤GzM-Ç+ô¼-ŸÛG-Å-DÞ¾-hï¼-zBôhü z=-ÁÛÅ-¯ï-hGôm-q¼-º‚ô¼-z-hP-ü hGôm-hïºÛ-mP-¤ï-¤hºhP-¤hïºÞ-GP-»ôh-q-n¤Å-z¯ÛÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-z-¤-¸hü ¤Û-d-GZÛÅ-¾-z¸º-zTºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-ÅôGňÛ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-hP-Mz-Bô¼-GP-¾ïGÅ-fôzü 29
Áô-d-¿Ëô-GÅÞ¤-hP-ü EãP-qô-h;¼-mG ¼ôP-qô-¼z-zdm-hGôm-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Gmh-»ôh-„À-hqôm¤Û-IPÅ- 70 ¿ËG-®¤-ŸÛG-h¤G-uÛ-Í-ºƒâG-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-hP-¿Ëm-º²ô¤ÅfôG ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-Å-GmÅ-Åô-Åô-mÅ-¼P-Çkï-¼P-ÆâP-GÛÅ-M-h¤G-¾-ºGôG-Lô¾-‚-Mã-hP-ü Å-GmÅ-DG-mÅ-zTô-zMh-iâG-Tß-[ÇS¼-zôh-hÝ-²-iG-h¤G-¤ÛºÛ-hGôÅ-G¾-‚ãP-¤±¤Åü zôh-ºzPÅ-¾ô-m-zTô-zMhmÅ-¾ô-Lm-iâG-Tß-z¼-¾-ºFÛ-zºÛ-h¤G-F¾-GbôP-MãºÛ-¾ô-±h-TÛG-»Ûmü]zÇkÝ-Mã-zTÅ-¾-¤ôÅ-¤fÞm-Gbm-ºzïzÅ‚Å-bïü G®ô-º²Ûm-¼ï-zÇ+ô-zŸG-hP-ºƒï¾-¤ï-¤hº-hP-¤hïºÞü zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-GÛ-h¤Gh¼-¼ï-zTÅ-¯ÛÅ-vôh-GmP-ü 30
h¤G-uÛ-DP-mÅ-¿Ë-Å-hP-GŸÛÅ-¯ïü ¿Ëô-D-hP-¿Ë-źÛ-z¼-HÛ-GŸÝP-¾¤-ÇeïP-M-h¤G-ºIâ¾zŸÝh-z;G-zÇkô¤Å-hP-ºWz-Lô¾-‚ïh-MãºÛ-ºfz-‚ãÅ-z¸ÞP-Çeïü 1958 ¹- 9 ±ïÅ- 17 ZÛm-h¤G-uÛ-hƒ-yâG-PG-hzP-ºGô-h¤G-mÅ-GŸÛÅ-¯ï¼-ºIô-¾¤-hÝ-M-¤ÛºÛ-¤ô-‡-ŸÛG-hPhïºÛ-mP-GÛ-¤Û-IPÅ- 17 ±¼-zThü ¹- 10 ±ïÅ- 22 ¤±m-¤ô¼ü ¯ïh-fP-hP-ÇoïGhôP-GÛ-M-¤ÛºÛ-dïm-GŸÛ¼-¤fº-zÇ+ô¼-bï-w¼-Lô¾-ZÛm-¤±m-zhÝm-‚Å-q¼-M-h¤G-¾-HôPGÝm-±zÅ-Vïm-zbP.ü 31
1958 ¾ôºÛ-¹- 12 ±ïÅ- 17 ZÛm-¿Ë-ż-»ôh-qºÛ-M-h¤G-GÛ-h¤G-uÛ-DP-mÅü ½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼IPÅ- 27 ¿Ëô-D¼-»ôh-qºÛ-M-h¤G-n¤Å-¾-µÅ-¤hï¾-Bï¾-ºiïm-‚ïh-q¼-zbP-z-¤-¸hü hï-hG-ÆâP-Bôz-Vïh-M-h¤G-zM-ÁôG-GZÛÅ-zbP-»ôh-qºÛ-Ç+ô¼-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-mÅ-ÁïÅdôGÅ-‚ãP-ºy¾ü GôP-h;¼-hP-¯ïh-fP-z¼-HÛ-Å-V-Gmh-»ôh-±P-¤¼-z®m-Å-z¸ÞP-Çeï-M¤ÛºÛ-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¾-ºWz-ÇKÝG-zMz-Çeï-zÇkhü 32
hïºÛ-XïÅ-±P-¤-ÇKÝG-¼ÐºÛ-mP-º±ßh-q-hP-Eôm-»ôPÅ-mÅ-¤ï-¤hº-MG-ºGô-z®ßGÅ-bïü Mh¤G-¾-ºWz-Lô¾-iG-qôÅ-ZÛm-hï¼-Å-¤-¼Þz-z¼-Lô¾-º²ÛP-‚Å-¤f¼ü ½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¤P-Vï-zGbô¼-Bôm-hP-¤ï¼-ÆïG-zbP-ü M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤G-hqôm-ŸÛG-hP-M-h¤G-Eôm-Vï¼-zÅh-©Å-±zÅVï-z¸ôÅü ÇÀ¼-»P-¿Ë-Å-hP-¿Ëô-D-xôGÅ-mÅ-M-h¤G-hqÞP-Çoôm-»ôP-Mã-PïÅ-Tm-»Ûm-ÇezÅü hï-hG-¾-ºWz-Lô¾-‚-MãºÛ-h¤G-IzÅ-‚Åü 33
±ïÅ- 19 ZÛm-¿Ëô-D-¯ïh-fP-xôGÅ-mÅ-M-¤ÛºÛ-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-zŸÛºÛ-mP-M-h¤G- 300 ®¤GôP-h;¼-HÛ-Bï¾-ºiïm-¼Þ-DG-hïºÛ-hqÞP-¼ôGÅ-ÅÞ-»ôP-z-hï-n¤Åü I-mP-Å-DÞ¾-zÇem-ÆâPhP-h¤G-GÛ-ÇKÝG-¼ÐºÛ-mP-ÇÀïzÅ-¤-fG Eôm-»ôPÅ-mÅ-¤ï-¤±ôm-ÁÝGÅ-Vïm-zMz-Çeï-ºWzLô¾-iG-qô-‚Åü M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤G-GÛÅ-hqÞP-OÛG-Çeï-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-h¤G-¾-²-iG-Vï-zºÛ-±ß¼Lô¾-fïPÅ-GÅÞ¤-‚Å-ˆP-±P-¤¼-lÝP-lïG-±zÅ-Vïm-zbP-z-¼ïhü 34
zôh-Å-EÛ-¹- 12 ±ïÅ- 16 ZÛm-uÛ-Ez-h¤G-uÛ-Í-ºƒâG-¤Gôm-qô-z=-ÁÛÅ-¤VôG-hP-ü ‚P-zBôh-hqôm-h¤G-n¤Å-Áô-d-¿Ëô-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-Å-DÞ¾-mÅ-;ôP-qô-M-¤hº-zMãh-wïzÅ-ºV¼-»ôhqºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-º‚ô¼-z¼-zdïmü ¿Ë-M-¼Û¼-»ôh-qºÛ-zÇem-ÆâP-hP-„ÀPÅ-h¤G-ÇK¼-Í-¤-mÅh¤G-uÛ-qj¨-hzP-ºhÝÅ-¾GÅ-hP-ü Ǩ¼-D¤Å-¼z-MÅ-¾GÅ-n¤-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-G®ôÅ-zÇemÆâP-hP-h¤G-zM-Ç+ô¼-ŸÛG-GhôP-zÅÞ¼-hqÞP-¼ôGÅ-Vïh-hÝ-zbP-ü 35
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