Asian countries quadrupled. Many others, such as Bosnians and Iraqis, came because their countries were at war. And, as always, people came so that they could be reunited with family members who had come before.
Since the U.S. has always been perceived as the land of freedom and opportunity, immigrants will continue to come and prosper, many achieving the American Dream.
According to Pew Research Center, 13.6 percent of the population is foreign born, with most of the immigrants from South and East Asia and Mexico.
1 2
hardship: difficulty persecution: unjust or cruel treatment because of differences in belief
COMPREHENSION Based on the reading, write T for true or F for false. 1.
The highest percentage of foreign-born Americans was in 1910.
2.
Americans often identify themselves with the nationality of their ancestors.
3.
Most of the immigrants coming to America today are from Europe.
THINK ABOUT IT Discuss the questions with a partner or in a small group. 1. How has the U.S. benefited from immigration? How has it faced challenges? Give examples. 2. W hat difficulties do immigrants experience when they first arrive in a new country? How can they deal with these problems? Share your ideas.
9.1 Adverbial Clauses and Phrases—Introduction Some sentences have an adverbial clause or phrase and a main clause. We use adverbial clauses for a variety of reasons. EXAMPLES
EXPLANATION
Before the 1960s, more than half of immigrants came from Europe.
To indicate time
Germans came to the U.S. because of economic problems in Germany.
To give reasons
Many immigrants come so that they can be reunited with family members.
To show purpose
Even though it’s hard to be an immigrant, many people make that choice.
To show contrast
If the U.S. didn’t have immigrants, it would be a less interesting place.
To state conditions
Note: The adverbial clause or phrase can come before or after the main clause. If it comes before, it is usually separated from the main clause with a comma. I went to Canada before I came to the United States. (no comma) Before I came to the United States, I went to Canada. (comma)
EXERCISE 1 Listen to the story about the author’s family. Write T for true or F for false.
9.2
1.
The speaker’s grandfather worked as a doctor in Chicago.
2.
The speaker’s grandmother was used to traveling long distances.
3.
The family was not allowed into the United States at first because one of the children was sick.
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