evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos samoqmedo gegmis Sesrulebis mdgomareoba gegmiT gansazRvrul sam prioritetul sferoSi mdgradi ganviTareba da garemos dacva regionuli TanamSromloba transporti da energetika 2009 wlis ianvari - oqtomberi Sesavali warmodgenil dokumentSi ganxilulia evropis samezoblo politikis (SemdgomSi – esp) farglebSi miRebuli evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos samoqmedo gegmis (SemdgomSi – samoqmedo gegma) Sesrulebis mdgomareoba samoqmedo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli sami prioritetuli mimarTulebis sferoSi. esenia:
prioritetuli sfero 3:
mdgradi ganviTarebis xelSewyoba, garemos dacvis CaTvliT ekonomikuri ganviTarebis waxaliseba, siRaribis Semcirebasa da socialuri Tanasworobis uzrunvelyofaze mimarTuli Zalisxmevis ganmtkiceba, mdgradi ganviTarebis xelSewyoba, garemos dacvis CaTvliT, ekonomikuri kanonmdeblobis da administraciuli wesebis Semdgomi daaxloeba.
prioritetuli sfero 5:
regionuli TanamSromlobis ganmtkiceba
prioritetuli sfero 8:
transporti da energetika saqarTvelos satransporto potencialis, agreTve, evrokavSiris satransporto da energetikis qselebTan urTierTkavSiris gaTvaliswineba, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnes energetikisa da transportis sferoebSi efeqtiani TanamSromloba evrokavSirsa da Savi zRvisa da kaspiis zRvis regionebis saxelmwifoebs Soris ,,baqos iniciativis~ farglebSi;
winamdebare angariSi asaxavs 2009 wlis ianvridan amave wlis oqtombramde mwvane alternativas mier Catarebuli monitoringis Sedegebs evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos samoqmedo gegmis SesrulebasTan mimarTebaSi. dokumenti, warmoadgens mwvane alternativas mier 2007-2008 wlis ganmavlobaSi Catarebuli monitoringis logikur gagrZelebas.
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prioritetuli sfero 3 mdgradi ganviTareba da garemos dacva
garemosdacviTi gegmebisa da programebis ganxorcieleba
2007-2008 wlebSi SemuSavebul iqna an SemuSavebis procesSi iyo ramodenime garemosdacviTi strategia, gegma da programa. Tumca arcerTi strategia, gegma Tu programa ar aris dRemde formalurad miRebuli/damtkicebuli. kvlav gaugebari rCeba maTi adgili qveynis ganviTarebis dagegmvis saerTo sistemaSi. ukanasknel periodamde gaugebari iyo, ra bedi eweoda 2008-2012 wlebis garemos dacvis moqmedebaTa meore erovnul gegmas. dokumentze muSaoba 2007 wels dasrulda. garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resurebis saministros ganacxadebiT aRniSnuli dokumentis formaluri miReba ar moxdeba da saministro, holandiis mTavrobis daxmarebiT, moamzadebs garemos dacvis moqmedebaTa axal erovnul gegmas. 2009 wels dasrulda garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros koordinaciiT mimdinare proeqti, romelsac axorcielebda arasamTavrobo organizacia „saqarTvelos strategiuli kvlevebisa da ganviTarebis centri“. proeqtis farglebSic ganaxlda saqarTvelos qimiuri profili, Sefasda saqarTvelos SesaZleblobebi qimiuri nivTierebebis saerTaSoriso marTvisadmi strategiul midgomaSi monawileobisTvis., dainteresebul mxareTa CarTviT, daisaxa prioritetuli RonisZiebebi saqarTveloSi qimiuri nivTierebebis marTvis gaumjobesebisTvis. am etapisTvis Sesrulebuli samuSaoebi mniSvnelovan safuZvels qmnis qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis programis/gegmis SemuSavebisTvis.
garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis SemuSaveba
zogadad, garemosdacviT kanonmdeblobas 2009 wlis ianvari-oqtombris ganmavlobaSi ar ganucdia mniSvnelovani cvlileba. aranairi cvlilebebi ar ganxorcielebula narCenebis marTvis sakanonmdeblo regulirebis sferoSi. saqarTveloSi dRemde ar arsebobs CarCo kanoni, romelic moaxdenda narCenebis klasifikacias, gansazRvravda narCenebis marTvis principebs, instrumentebsa da pasuxismgebel organoebs. ar Secvlila kanonmdebloba wylis seqtorSi, Tumca gadaidga garkveuli nabijebi kanonmdeblobis gaumjobesebis mimarTulebiT. „TanamSromloba Savi zRvis garemos dacvisTvis“ proeqtis farglebSi SemuSavebul iqna ori mniSvnelovani dokumenti „wylis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis koncefcia“ da „saqarTvelos wylis seqtoris konvergenciis gegma“. aucileblad unda aRiniSnos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros masStaburi da ambiciuri iniciativis Taobaze – SeimuSaos yovlismomcveli garemos dacvis kodeqsi, romelmac unda gaaerTianos garemos dacvis sxvadasxva sferos maregulirebeli samarTlebrivi normebi. kodeqsis pirveli samuSao versia oqtomberSi unda gaxdes
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xelmisawvdomi sazogadoebisTvis1. gacxadda aseve, rom sajaro konsultaciebs, savaraudod, daeTmoba eqvsi Tve. am etapze am iniciativasTan dakavSirebiT ramodenime problemuri sakiTxi ikveTeba; kerZod: •
dRemde gaugebaria, ra upiratesoba SeiZleba gaaCndes, dRevandel garemoebebSi, kodifikacias, seqtoruli sakanonmdeblo aqtebis SemuSaveba-daxvewasTan SedarebiT.
•
marTalia, es ukve dagvianebulia, magram sasurveli iqneboda da ufro praqtikulic, uSualod kodeqsis normebze muSaobis dawyebamde, SemuSavebuliyo kodeqsis koncefcia, romelSic aisaxeboda ZiriTadi principebi da midgomebi.
•
garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis gaumjobeseba, ra Tqma unda, gadaudebeli saWiroebaa saqarTvelosTvis, magram „gaumjobeseba“ unda gulisxmobdes aramarto bundovanebis, sicarieleebis da samarTlebrivi koliziebis aRmofxvras, aramed upirveles yovlisa, im instrumentebisa da meqanizmebis gaZlierebas, romlebic uzrunvelyofen mdgrad ganviTarebas, garemos dacvas da bunebrivi resursebiT mdgrad sargeblobas (da romlebic saerTod gauqmda an mniSvnelovnad Sesustda 2003 wlis Semdgom). am ukanasknelis uzrunvelsayofad ki, aucilebel winapirobad gvesaxeba amgvari cvlilebebis gatarebisTvis mZlavri politikuri nebis arseboba, rac samwuxarod, saqarTvelos saxelisuflebo wreebSi ar SeiniSneba. ufro metic, gasuli wlebis gamocdileba da sul axlaxans, 2009 wlis 6 oqtombers saqarTvelos prezidentis mier saqarTvelos parlamentSi wardgenili e.w. „ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis aqti“2 ar iZleva am TvalsazrisiT optimizmis safuZvels. prezidentis mier SemoTavazebuli aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebi, romlebmac unda uzrunvelyon investirebisTvis xelSemwyobi garemos Seqmna da saqarTvelos qceva „msoflios liberaluri ekonomikuri ideologiis namdvil flagmanad“, savaraudoa, rom kvlav garemosdacviTi regulirebis kidev ufro dasustebaSi aisaxeba.
•
zemoaRniSnulis da aseve, saxelmwifo organoebis xelmZRvanel pirTa xSiri cvlilebis damkvidrebuli praqtikis fonze, ar aris gamoricxuli, rom garemos dacvis kodeqsis SemuSaveba da misi miReba aRar iyos prioriteti mokle xanSi. aseT SemTxvevaSi, kodeqsis SemuSavebaze gaweuli resursi fuWi aRmoCndeba.
zemoT aRniSnuli problemuri sakiTxebis fonze, nebismier SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia, rom garemos dacvis kodeqsze muSaobis paralelurad, daiwyos da/an gagrZeldes muSaoba arsebuli, moqmedi kanonmdeblobis srulyofaze (maT Soris, wylis da narCenebis marTvis sferoSi). garemos dacvis kodeqsze muSaoba, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda gaxdes sababi imisa, rom uari iTqvas arsebuli kanonmdeblobis cvlilebaze, daxvewaze Tu axali regulaciebis SemoRebaze. 2009 wlis agvistoSi yuradsaRebi cvlilebebi ganxorcielda tyiTsargeblobis maregulirebel kanonmdeblobaSi tyiTsargeblobisas garemosdacviTi aspeqtebis ufro
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amis Sesaxeb aRiniSna garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministroSi 2009 wlis 14 agvistos gamarTul Sexvedraze 2 ix. saqarTvelos prezidentis veb-gverdi: http://www.president.gov.ge/?l=G&m=0&sm=3&id=3052
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ukeT gaTvaliswinebis TvalsazrisiT.3 unda aRiniSnos, rom es sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi ganxorcielda sazogadoebasTan konsultaciis safuZvelze, rac gamonakliss warmoadgens ukanaskneli wlebis praqtikaSi. am dadebiTi gamocdilebis fonze, aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, sapirispiro procesis Sesaxeb. 2009 wlis 3 seqtembers saqarTvelos parlamentSi wardgenil iqna garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros mier SemuSavebuli Zalze mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi amJamad moqmed saqarTvelos tyis kodeqsSi. am sakanonmdeblo iniciativiT, „gansakuTrebuli saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis proeqtebis ganxorcielebisas“, yovelgvari SezRudvis gareSe, dasaSvebi xdeba tyis Wra 35 gradusamde daqanebis ferdobebze; aseve uqmdeba 30-dan 35 gradusamde daqanebis ferdobebze tyis WrisaTvis. yuradsaRebia, rom saministros, ar ganuxilavs cvlilebebi dainteresebul mxareebTan. mniSvnelovania is garemoebac, rom es sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi xorcieldeba erTi konkretuli proeqtis – „Savi zRvis regionuli eleqtrogadacemis proeqtis“ – gamo, am proeqtis ganxorcielebisTvis „barierebis“ moxsnis motiviT4.
saerTaSoriso garemosdacviTi konvenciebisa da oqmebis ratificireba
samoqmedo gegmis miRebidan dRemde saqarTvelom moaxdina mxolod erTi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis – kartaxenas oqmis – ratificireba (2008 wlis 25 seqtemberi). aRsaniSnavia, rom oqmis ratificireba iyo erT-erTi winapiroba imisa, rom saqarTvelos mieRo privilegirebuli saxelmwifos statusi, maT Soris, evrokavSiris preferenciebis sistemiT da esargebla GSP+-iT. amasTan, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom jerjerobiT ar momzadebula erovnuli kanonmdebloba, romelSic moxdeba oqmiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebis asaxva. rogorc mTavrobis progresis angariSidan Cans, saqarTvelos mTavroba dgams garkveul mosamzadebel nabijebs gaero-s evropis ekonomikuri komisiis garemosdacviTi SeTanxmebebis ratificirebisTvis da es, ra Tqma unda, dadebiTad unda Sefasdes.
administraciuli struqturisa da procedurebis gaZliereba
2009 wlis ianvari-oqtombris periodSi administraciuli struqturebi da procedurebi ar gaZlierebula, Tumca arc dasustebula, rasac mudmivad hqonda adgili bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi. SesaZlebelia es aixsnas im garemoebiT, rom garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ukanasknelma ministrma SedarebiT did xans SeinarCuna Tanamdeboba, Sesabamisad ar momxdara saministros xelmZRvaneli pirebis masStaburi cvlilebac. Tavad garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministri cdilobs moaxdinos garemos dacvis popularizacia sxvadasxva „piar“ teqnologiebiT. saministroSi kvlav igrZnoba strategiuli xedvis da dagegmvis nakleboba muSaobis gasaumjobeseblad, SezRudulia resursebic (adamianuri, teqnikuri).
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saubaria 2009 wlis 19 agvistos Setanil cvlilebebze saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2005 wlis 11 agvistos #132 dadgenilebiT damtkicebul “tyiTsargeblobis licenziebis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb” debulebaSi. 4 am proeqts kidev SevexebiT qvemoT energetikis seqtorze saubrisas.
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nebarTvis gamcemi da makontrolebeli struqturebis gaumjobeseba 2009 wlis ianvridan mdgomareoba garemosdacviTi nebarTvebis gamcem struqturaSi, gansakuTrebiT, resursebiT (adamianuri, finansuri) uzrunvelyofis TvalsazrisiT, ar gaumjobesebula. 2007-2008 wlebis ganmavlobaSi garkveuli progresi SeimCneoda makontrolebel struqturaSi (garemos dacvis inspeqcia), Tumca resursebiT uzrunvelyofis sakiTxi kvlav rCeboda problemurad. amasTan, yuradsaRebia, rom 2008 wlis dasasruls garemos dacvis inspeqciaSi Seicvala xelmZRvaneloba da TanamSromelTa nawili, ramac zegavlena moaxdina inspeqciis saqmianobaze da gegmebzec. struqturebisa da procedurebis ganxorcielebis mizniT
gaZliereba
garemoze
zemoqmedebis
Sefasebis
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis sferoSi moqmedi kanonmdebloba kvlav rCeba garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis erT-erT usustes nawilad. 2009 wlis ianvari-oqtombris ganmavlobaSi ar ganxorcielebula aranairi cvlilebebi am sferos maregulirebel kanonmdeblobasa da procedurebSi; ar gaZlierebula struqturebic. imedismomcemia 2009 wlis ivlisis progresis angariSSi warmodgenili informacia imis Taobaze, rom holandiis mTavrobis daxmarebiT, SesaZloa, daiwyos proeqti garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis sistemis gasaumjobeseblad. Pproeqti, Mganixileba rogorc, gaeros evropis ekonomikuri komisiis „garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba transsasazRvro konteqstSi“ konvenciis ratificirebisaTvis mosamzadebel instrumentad. sazogadoebis informireba da monawileoba sazogadoebis informirebisa da monawileobis sferoSi, 2007-2008 wlebTan SedarebiT, mdgomareoba 2009 wlis ganmavlobaSi praqtikulad ar Secvlila ukeTesobisken. gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis monawileoba kvlav sporaduli da araTanmimdevrulia; ar gaweula Zalisxmeva da ar Camoyalibebula formaluri procedurebi/wesebi sazogadoebis informirebisa da gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis monawileobis uzrunvelsayofad. ufro metic, samoqmedo gegmiT gansazRvruli valdebulebebis da miuxedavad, 2009 wlis zafxulSi saparlamento umravlesobis warmomadgenelTa mier saqarTvelos parlamentSi wardgenil iqna axali sakanonmdeblo iniciativa, romelic mniSvnelovnad zRudavs sazogadoebis monawileobis amJamad arsebul formalur procedurebs. saubaria sakanonmdeblo paketze, romelic axleburad ayalibebs amJamad moqmed kanons „normatiuli aqtebis Sesaxeb“ (parlamentSi wardgenili kanonproeqtis saTauri igivea, rac amJamad moqmedis) da moicavs aseve cvlilebebs sxva moqmed sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi, maT Soris, cvlilebebs saqarTvelos zogad administraciul kodeqsSi. am sakanonmdeblo paketiT, uqmdeba zogad administraciul kodeqsSi arsebuli is debulebebi (me-15 Tavi), romlebic uzrunvelyofen, saxelmwifo organoebis mier normatiuli administraciul-
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samarTlebrivi aqtebis5 miRebisas, sajaro administraciuli warmoebis gamoyenebis gziT, sazogadoebis monawileobas. am sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebiT saqarTvelo auqmebs ukve arsebul samarTlebriv moTxovnebs, da amiT, arRvevs orhusis konvenciis me-8 muxlisa (sazogadoebis monawileoba aRmasrulebeli debulebebis da/an sayovelTaod misaRebi samarTlebrivad savaldebulo normatiuli dokumentebis SemuSavebis procesSi) da me-3 muxlis me-5 da me-6 punqtebis moTxovnebs. miuxedavad arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa mcdelobisa, ar daeSvaT zemoaRniSnuli sakanonmdeblo iniciativis miReba, saqarTvelos parlamentma mxari dauWira iniciativas da parlamentis 2009 wlis saSemodgomo sesiaze pirveli da meore mosmenebiT ukve miiRo sakanonmdeblo paketi. savaraudoa, rom parlamenti „zedmeti diskusiebis“ gareSe miiRebs sakanonmdeblo pakets mesame mosmeniTac da prezidentic moawers mas xels, miuxedavad imisa, rom am paketiT uqmdeba ”saxalxo dialogis” uzrunvelmyofi konkretuli demokratiuli procedurebi, romliskenac mouwodebs saqarTvelo prezidenti parlamentsa da aRmasrulebel xelisuflebas. garemosdacviTi aspeqtebis integrireba sxva seqtorebSi 2009 wlis ianvar-oqtombris ganmavlobaSi am mimarTulebiT mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi ar ganxorcielebula. kvlav ar gadadgmula nabijebi mdgradi ganviTarebis erovnuli strategiis SemuSavebis mimarTulebiT. amJamad idgmeba garkveuli nabijebi garemosdacviTi sakiTxebis sxva seqtorebSi integrirebisTvis. kerZod, saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebis strategiis SemuSavebis procesSi komisiis samdivnom SeimuSava saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebis Sesaxeb diagnostikuri moxseneba, romelic moicavs iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa „garemos dacva da regionebis saerTaSoriso TanamSromloba“ (ZiriTadi yuradReba eTmoba garemosdacviT regulirebaSi „subsidiarobis principis“ gamoyenebis problemebs), xolo TavSi „municipaluri ganviTareba da infrastruqtura“ mniSvnelovani adgili eTmoba narCenebis marTvis sakiTxebs. amJamad mimdinareobs muSaoba strategiis SemuSavebaze. saerTaSoriso safinanso institutebTan TanamSromlobis progresi saqarTvelos mTavroba Eesp-s samoqmedo dokumentis angariSSi aRniSnavs, rom adgili hqonda garkveul progress saerTaSoriso safinanso institutebTan urTierTobaSi 2008 wlis agvistos movlenebis Semdeg. saqarTvelo ar aris parizis daxmarebis efeqturobis deklaraciis xelmomweri qveyana da qveynisaTvis omisSemdgomi reabilitaciisTvis 4.5 mlrd aSS dolaris gamoyofa problematuria efeqturobisa da gamWvirvalobis TvalsazrisiT. briuselis donorTa konferencia da erToblivi saWiroebaTa dokumenti, romelic SemuSavda gaerosa da msoflio bankis mier, sruliad daxuruli aRmoCnda samoqalaqo
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nebismieri saxis normatiuli aqti, garda konstituciisa, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebisa da kanonisa.
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sazogadoebisaTvis, rogorc misi momzadebisas prioritetebis gansazRvris procesSi, aseve Tavad dokumenti (arasruli da redaqtirebuli saxiT) xelmisawvdomi gaxda mxolod konferenciis Catarebamde erTi dRiT adre6. danamdvilebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom dokumenti momzadda mxolod mTavrobis warmomadgenelebTan konsultaciiT, ramac uaryofiTi reaqcia gamoiwvia samoqalaqo sazogadoebaSi. miuxedavad procesis daxurulobisa, asociacia mwvane alternativasTvis evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis bankis prezidentis baton Tomas mirous mier moweril werilSi7, naTqvamia, rom “evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki ganagrZobs monawileobas energoseqtoris ganviTarebis sakiTxisadmi miRvnil diskusiebSi, sxva saerTaSoriso finansur institutebTan da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis jgufebTan erTad, ise rogorc es moxda ukanasknel xans saWiroebaTa erToblivi dokumentis SemTxvevaSi, romelic momzadda gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciisa da msoflio bankis egidiT.� vinaidan saerTaSoriso daxmarebis sakmaod didi nawili modis infrastruqturul da energetikis proeqtebze, umniSvnelovanesia, rom saerTaSoriso safinanso institutebma da saqarTvelos mTavrobam farTo dialogi awarmoon sazogadoebasTan da adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan prioritetebis Taobaze, raTa Tavidan iqnes acilebuli mosalodneli konfliqtebi, Tanxebis da drois araswori xarjva8. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobam garkveuli qmedebebi ganaxorciela gamWvirvalobis gazrdis kuTxiT; magaliTisTvis, finansTa saministrom Tavis veb-gverdze ganaTavsa monacemTa baza, romelSic asaxulia briuselis konferencis Sedegad damtkicebuli da gadmoricxuli Tanxebi, agreTve ganaTavsa is saerTaSoriso xelSekrebulebebi, romlebic iTvaliswineben sabiujeto daxmarebas. aucilebelia parizis deklaraciisa da valdebulebaTa Sesrulebis gegmis gawera.
akras
samoqmedo
gegmis
xelmowera
da
prioritetuli sfero 5 regionuli TanamSromloba regionuli TanamSromlobis ZiriTad aspeqtad saqarTvelos mTavroba miiCnevs energetikisa da transportis sferoSi saqarTvelos satranzito funqciis gamyarebas Savi zRvis regionSi kaspiis zRvis energoresursebis transportirebis mizniT.
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dResac oficialurad gamoqveynebulia mxolod redaqtirebuli 46-gverdiani versia. sruli versiisgan gansxvavebiT dokumenti ar Seicavs prognozebs umuSevrobasTan dakavSirebiT, omis gavlenis Sefasebas ekonomikaze, socialur mdgomareobaze da siRaribis Semcirebaze, agreTve informacias sabanko seqtorTan dakavSirebiT. msoflio bankis TanamSromelTa gancxadebiT, es informacia amoRebul iqna saqarTvelos mTavrobis moTxovniT, agreTve saqarTvelos mTavrobis moTxovna iyo dokumentis konfidencialurad momzadeba da dokumentis mxolod konferenciis monawileTaTvis gavrceleba 7 ergb-s prezidentis 2009 wlis 29 ivlisis werili mwvane alternativasadmi 8 magaliTad, mosaxleobis sakmaod didi winaaRmdegoba Sexvda principulad saWiro proeqts, aWaris nagavsayrels, arasworad SerCeuli adgilmdebareobis gamo.
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es warmoadgens mTavrobis mxridan garkveulwilad propagandis safuZvels da ganapirobebs mTeli rigi energo Tu satransporto proeqtebisaTvis ara mxolod gadametebuli ekonomikuri, aramed politikuri mniSvnelobis miniWebas. magaliTisTvis moviyvanT nabukos gazsadenze mimdinare molaparakebebs. dRes saqarTvelos mosaxleobis udidesi nawili darwmunebulia, rom nabukos milsadenis mSenebloba saqarTvelos teritoriazec ganxorcieldeba da Sesabamisad elis ekonomikur sargebelsa da dasaqmebas. cru molodinebis gasaqarwyleblad, aucilebelia mosaxleobas miewodos swori, faqtebze dayrdnobili informacia, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs ekonomikuri, finansuri Tu politikuri TvalsazrisiT msgavs proeqtebs, maT Soris, regionuli TanamSromlobis TvalsazrisiT, agreTve SesaZlo negatiuri zegavlenebic. garemos dacvis kuTxiT, saqarTvelos mier regionuli TanamSromloba mimdinareobs saerTaSoriso proeqtebis farglebSi; es exeba rogorc dokumentebis SemuSavebas, informaciis gacvlas, Sexvedrebs sxvadasxva doneze, aseve praqtikul Sedegebs, rogoricaa laboratoriebis aRWurva da monitoringis qselis aRdgena/ganaxleba. xSir SemTxvevaSi, proeqtebis farglebSi miRebuli dokumentebi rCeba rekomendaciebis saxiT da ar mimdinareobs maTi ganxilva-damtkiceba samTavrobo doneze. samwuxarod, TiTqmis igives Tqma SeiZleba samxeT kavkasiis sxva qveynebis mimarTac (azerbajani da somxeTi). yovelive amas, erTis mxriv, xels uwyobs saqarTvelos mier mTeli rig konvenciebTan miuerTebloba, xolo meores mxriv, ukve ratificirebuli saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebis Sesrulebis sakmaod dabali done.
prioritetuli sfero 8 transporti da energetika ™ TanamSromloba transportis seqtorSi dRemde ar gadagmula qmediTi nabijebi mdgradi satransporto politikis SemuSavebis mizniT, romelic uzrunvelyofda erTis mxriv, emisiebis Semcirebas, xolo meores mxriv, Seqmnida komfortul garemos mosaxleobis gadaadgilebisaTvis. zogadad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom transportis seqtoris garemosa da adamianis janmrTelobaze zemoqmedebis masStabi qveyanaSi praqtikulad Seuswavlelia. samwuxarod, Sida saqalaqo gzebis mSenebloba/rekonstruqciis proeqtebis damtkiceba xdeba garemoze zemoqmedebis winaswari Sefasebis gareSe, agreTve xSirad, winaswari ekonomikuri Sefasebis gareSec da adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan SeuTanxmeblad, rac Seuqcevad zians ayenebs qalaqebis rekreaciul da mwvane zonebs (magaliTad, TbilisSi Cqarosnuli magistralis mSenebloba varazis xevidan ipodromamde). ™
TanamSromloba energetikis seqtorSi
evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos samoqmedo gegma moiTxovs, kargad gaTvlili da grZelvadiani energetikuli politikis SemuSavebas da ganxorcielebas, romelic TandaTanobiT dauaxlovdeba evrokavSiris energopolitikis miznebs, energoresursebis miwodebis usafrTxoebis CaTvliT. Cveni azriT, 2007-2008 wlebSi ganxorcielebuli deregulirebis nabijebi ar aris sakmarisi, Tavisufali da konkurentuli eleqtro- da gazmomaragebis bazrebis Seqmnis, momxmarebelTa dacvisa da saxelmwifoebrivi da globaluri moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisTvis.
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2009 wlis pirvel nawilSi ar gadadgmula Sesabamisi nabijebi, raTa dakmayofilebuliyo evrokavSiris Tavisufali bazris erT-erTi mTavari principi – generaciisa da sadistribucio funqciebis gamijvna. Sedegad, saqarTveloSi operirebs ramdenime energokompania, romelTac SeTavsebuli aqvT rogorc generaciis, ise distribuciis funqcia. saministros gancxadebiT, mcire hesebis deregulireba, upiratesi gansakuTrebuli pirobebis Seqmna da saxelmwifo programa „ganaxlebadi energia 2008“, xels Seuwyobs 80mde mcire da saSualo hidroeleqtrosadguris mSeneblobas. Tumca, amavdroulad, 2009 wels saqarTvelos mTavroba aqtiurad cdilobda xeli Seewyo yvela Teoriulad da potenciurad arsebuli didi hes-bis mSeneblobisTvis, miuxedavad imisa, Tu realurad ras miscems es saqarTvelos energo-seqtors da ramdenad uzrunvelyofs energousafrTxoebas9 (rom araferi vTqvaT bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebaze). es sakmaod winaaRmdegobrivi poziciaa, vinaidan didi hes-ebis mSenebloba qveynaSi (Tundac erTis) potenciurad aZnelebs Tanxebis mozidvas mcire da saSualo hes-ebisTvis. kvlevebis Tanaxmad, „dainteresebisa da am proeqtebis specialuri statusis gareSe, ganaxlebadi proeqtebi Znelad ipovian Tavis adgils saqarTvelos energosistemis momaval ganviTarebaSi“10. infrastruqturis reabilitaciis TvalsazrisiT, sagulisxmoa azerbaijanidan TurqeTamde saqarTvelos gavliT 500 kilovatiani gadamcemi xazis aSenebis proeqti. proeqts finansurad uzrunvelyofs evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki (EBRD), germaniis rekonstruqciis banki (KfW) da evropis sainvesticio banki (EIB). winaswari garemosdacviTi da socialuri kvlevebi finansdeba evrokavSiris samezoblo sainvesticio fondidan (8,6 mln evro).Oproeqti imgvaradaa dagegmili, rom erT-erTi alternativiT, eleqtrogadamcemi xazi kveTs borjom-xaragaulis erovnul parks daaxloebiT 12 km-is manZilze. proeqtis garemosdacviTma konsultantma SeimuSava meore alternativac11, romlis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, gadamcemi xazi gadakveTs parkis teritorias mxolod 4.5 km-is manZilze. meore alternativa nakleb zegavlenas axdens, rogorc erovnul parkis biomravlferovnebaze, aseve landSaftze. miuxedavad amisa, energetikis saministro cdilobs proeqtis Zveli dizainiT ganxorcielebis (pirveli alternativa) lobirebas, Tanxebis dazogvis mizniT. didi winaaRmdegoba gamoiwvia adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi mTavrobis iniciativebma didi hes-ebis mSeneblobis Sesaxeb – xudon-hesis – svaneTSi da onis kaskadis – raWis regionSi. orive regionSi mosaxleobas ukve miRebuli aqvs gamocdileba da icis, Tu ra uaryofiTi gavlena axlavs Tan did kaSxalebs (enguris kaSxali svaneTSi da Saoris wyalsacavi raWaSi), amas emateba kaSxlebis seismurobis da geologiuri stabilurobis problema. cnobilia, rom saqarTvelo maRal seismur zonaSi mdebareobs; 1991 wlis 29 aprils momxdari raWa-javis 7-baliani miwisZvra iyo yvelaze didi miwisZvra regionSi da man
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magaliTad, xudon-hesi, msoflio bankis egidiT momzadebuli energoseqtoris gzS-s Tanaxmad, ar warmoadgens saqarTvelos energo-usafrTxoebisaTvis saukeTeso variants. 10 saqarTvelo: energoseqtoris ganviTarebis garemoze zemoqmedebis strategiuli Sefaseba, SEEC, energetikis saministro, msoflio banki, 2008 11 samwuxarod, proeqtis Zveli dizainis gamo, SeuZlebeli gaxda parkisTvis gadamcemi xazis sruli acileba. acilebis SemTxvevaSi, gadamcemi xazi gadakveTs parkis buferul zonas (aranaklebi biologiuri mniSvnelobis areali) da gaivlis aTeulobiT soflis SuaSi.
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spitakis miwisZvrasac12 (6.9 bali, 1988 w.) ki gadaaWarba siZlieriT. yuradsaRebia, rom 2009 wlis 8 seqtembris miwisZvris epicentri onis raionSi dafiqsirda (6.2 bali). samoqmedo gegma xazgasmiT moiTxovs, kanonmdeblobis miRebas energoefeqturobis da energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroebis Sesaxeb. miuxedavad amisa, 2008 wlis ivnisSi saqarTvelos mTavrobam oficialurad SeaCera energefeqturobisa da ganaxlebadi energiis Sesaxeb kanonze mosamzadebeli samuSao jgufis muSaoba. energetikis saministro13, energoefeqturobis xelSewyobis mniSvnelovan RonisZiebad miiCnevs, „safexurebrivi tarifis SemoRebas“, ris Sedegadac, saministros azriT, „momxmarebeli motivirebulia efeqturad gamoiyenos eleqtroenergia da dazogos igi“. meore mniSvnelovan RonisZiebad saministro ganixilavs saqarTvelos sxvadasxva raionebSi eleqtroenergiis momxmarebelTa gamricxvelianebas da gazificirebul abonentTa raodenobis zrdas. aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT, yuradsaRebia, rom jer kidev 2002 wels msoflio bankis mier Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad14, Tbilisis Raribi mosaxleoba moixmarda mxolod 80-100 kilovat eleqtroenergias TveSi, rac sakmarisi iyo ganaTebisa da macivrisTvis (sabWoTa warmoebis); es aRiniSna sayofacxovrebo danaxarjebSi eleqtroenergiis wilis mniSvnelovan zrdasTan dakavSirebiT. kvlevaSi xazgasmulia, rom am pirobebSi energoefeqturobas sakmaod mcire potenciali gaaCnia da eleqtroenergiaze tarifis Semdgomi zrda ver Seamcirebs moxmarebas. yuradsaRebia aseve, rom qarTveli eqspertebis gaTvlebiT, saxelmwifo mxardaWeris SemTxvevaSi, mxolod varvarebis naTurebis energoefeqturi naTurebiT SecvliT, mTlianad qveyanaSi SesaZlebelia wliurad daaxloebiT 350 milioni kilovatsaaTi eleqtroenergiis dazogva, rasac igive efeqti eqneba rac 120-megavatiani hes-is mSeneblobas15. energoefeqturobis da ganaxlebadi energiebis Sesaxeb CarCo kanonis, strategiisa da gegmebis ararseboba uaryofiTad moqmedebs saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mcdelobaze, ganaviTaron am sferoSi proeqtebi. “gazisa da eleqtroenergiis Sesaxeb” kanonSi Setanili cvlilebebi ar aris sakmarisi ganaxlebadi energetikis ganviTarebisaTvis. aucilebelia, evrokavSirSi arsebul praqtikasTan SesabamisobaSi, moxdes ganaxlebadi energiebis CarCo kanonis, indikatoruli miznebis (MW an %) dadgena, qmedebebis dasaxva miznis misaRwevad da Tanxebis (SeRavaTiani kreditebis da/an grantebis) gamoyofa.
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raWa-javis (saqarTvelo) miwisZvris seismuri wyaroebis kvleva farTo teleseismuri ryevebis Sesaxeb Canawerebidan: aqtiuri nep teqtonikis magaliTi, h. fuenzalida da sxvebi, 1997 w., RAS, GJI, 130, 29-46 13 energetikis saministros 2009 wlis 14 seqtembris werili mwvane alternativasadmi 14 Power's promise: electricity reforms in Eastern Europe and Central Asia By Julian A. Lampietti, World Bank 15 ix. www.weg.ge
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