Ms project 11 (1)

MS project proeqtireba gulisxmobs raRac samuSaos an samuSaoTa erTobliobis Sesrulebas maRal darRvevis gareSe.

doneze,

drois

garkveul

intervalSi,

xarjTaRricxvis

proeqtis gegmaSi mkafiod unda iyos gamoyofili: • proeqtirebis mizani da proeqtis dagegmvis Sedegebi (masStabi da samuSaos are); • xarisixis done (xarisxi); • samuSaos Sesrulebis etapebi da vadebi (dro); • biujeti – xarjTaRricxva anu smeta (Rirebuleba); proeqtis ZiriTadi parametrebi: masStabi , samuSao areali, Sesrulebis xarisxi, dro da Rirebuleba erTmaneTTan mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli. proeqtze muSaobis sruli cikli Sedgeba Semdegi oTxi ZiriTadi etapisagan: 1. amocanis dasma;

2. proeqtis dagegmva; 3. proeqtis realizacia; 4. proeqtis dasruleba. amocanis moTxovnilebebis gansazRvrisas anu amocanis dasmisas zustdeba amocanis mizani da moTxovnebi, agreTve xdeba riskebis analizi. proeqtis saboloo miznis naTlad warmodgena, moTxovnebis Camoyalibebis fonze, mniSvnelovnad amcirebs proeqtirebis dros Secdomebis daSvebis riskebs. proeqtis dagegmvisas xdeba am proeqtis saboloo miznebis Camoyalibeba, samuSao grafikis Sedgena, proeqtis gegmis realizaciisaTvis saWiro resursebis saxeobebisa da raodenobis gansazRvra. xdeba agreTve samuSaos Sesrulebis xangrZlivobis Sefaseba da proeqtis Rirebulebis daangariSeba. proeqtis dagegmvasTan erTad xdeba riskebis marTvis gegmis SemuSavebac, sadac mocemulia yvelaze albaTuri riskebi da dasaxulia am riskebisagan srulad an maTi uaryofiTi zemoqmedebisagan Tavis daRwevis gzebi da meTodebi. proeqtis dagegmvis Semdeg iwyeba proeqtis realizacia, romlis drosac sruldeba yvelaferi rac samuSaos Sesrulebis grafikiT iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. samuSaos Sesrulebis mimdinareobaze kontroli es uwyveti procesia. am dros proeqtis xelmZRvaneli adarebs faqtiur da gegmiur maxasiaTeb-lebs erTmaneTTan. gansxvavebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi igi axdens sawyisi gegmis koreqtirebas. es yvelaferi saWiroa imisaTvis, rom procesi ar gamovides droiTi intervalidan an sabiujeto SezRudvebidan da meores mxriv, uzrunvelyos proeqtirebis procesis saWiro xarisxi. proeqtis dasrulebis etapze, daskvniTi SefasebebiT xdeba saboloo angariSis warmodgena, proeqtis analizi da momavali proeqtis marTvisaTvis gamocdilebis dagroveba. dagegmarebis stadiaze proeqtis xelmZRvanels Ms Project 2013-is gamoyeneba saSualebas aZlevs pasuxi miiRos Semdeg kiTxvebze: • ramdenad realuria sazogadod, proeqtirebis amocanis cxovrebaSi realizacia; amisaTvis saWiroa yovelgvari zedmeti "wvrilmanebis" gareSe proeqtis analizi e.w. kritikuli gzis meTodiTa da dagegmarebisaTvis arsebuli resursebis

gamoyenebiT. am Tval sazrisiT SesaZlebelia maqsimaluri sargebelis miReba Project sistemis standartul konfiguraciaSiSemavali Sablonebis gamoyenebiT. yoveli Sabloni romelime sferos miekuTvneba da misi warmodgena SesaZlebelia Sesabamisi proeqtis standartad.

• ra tipis samuSaoebis Sesrulebaa saWiro proeqtSi miTiTebuli miznis misaRwevad; am kiTxvaze pasuxic Sesabamisad erT-erTi Sablonis moZiebiTaa SesaZlebeli. analogiuri Sablonis ver moZebnis SemTxvevaSi proeqtis struqtura xeliT unda gakeTdes. Tumca, Project sistemas aqvs e.w. qseluri grafikis (NetworkDiagram) agebis teqnologia da misi gamoyenebiT miznis miRwevis saSualeba. nax. 1 -ze mocemulia gantis diagramis fragmenti,

nax. 1 • ra saxis Semsruleblebi, damxmareebi da materialuri resursebia saWiro proeqtis gansaxorcieleblad; am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa resursebis mikuTvnebis proceduris gamoyeneba.

• ramdenia proeqtis Rirebuleba da rogor SeiZleba proeqtis realizaciisaTvis saWiro finansuri danaxarjebis droSi gadanawileba; yoveli resursis arCevis Semdeg (mis mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos moculobisa da Rirebulebis miTiTebiT) xdeba proeqtis Rirebulebis avtomaturi gadaangariSeba, ris gamoc ukve advilia proeqtis sxvadasxva variantis Rirebulebis gansazRvra da maTgan yvelaze saukeTesos amorCeva.

• rogoria proeqtis riski da rogori iqneba SesaZlo zarali proeqtis

dasrulebis ama Tu im stadiaze. proeqtis riskis adekvaturad analizisaTvis saWiroa misi detaluri gegmis Sedgena. riskis analizisaTvis saukeTeso momentia drois intervali sabaziso biznes-gegmis damaxsovrebamde. Rogorc wesi, analizisaTvis saWiro meTodebisa da saSualebebis amorCeva proeqtis specifikazea damoki debuli. kerZod, yvelaze martivi da amave dros yvelaze efeqturi saSualebaa ramdenime versiis Sedareba da maTgan saukeTesos amorCeva.

magaliTad, PERT-is meTodiT aseTi scenari SeiZleba iyos samgvari: yvelaze mosalodneli, optimisturi da pesimisturi. saproeqto menejmenti es SedarebiT axali mimarTulebaa da cxadia Semotanilia damatebiTi terminebi da cnebebi. qvemoT mocemulia biznesproeq-tis Seqmnis procesSi miRebuli terminebis CamonaTvali:  amocana (Task) – erT-erTi saSualebaa, romelic proeqtis miznis miRwevis-

kenaa mimarTuli. amocanis ZiriTadi parametrebia misi dawyebisa da dasrulebis TariRi, drois sidide, resursebis saxeebi da raodenoba, romlebic amocanis Sesrulebas uzrunvelyofen. yovel amocanas proeqtSi unda hqondes yvelasagan gansxvavebuli, unikaluri saxeli;  monakveTi (Bar) – amocanis grafikuli saxiT warmodgenaa gantis diagramaSi (nax. 3). monakveTebi, romlebic gantis diagramaSi amocanebs gamoxataven

nax. 3 monakveTis sigrZe amocanis mimdinareobis kalendarul dros asaxavs, sadac monakveTis marcxena boloTi mocemulia amocanis dawyebis dagegmili TariRi, xolo marjvenaTi – amocanis dasrulebis dagegmili TariRi. monakveTi interaqtiuli elementia, anu SesaZlebelia misi gadaadgileba rogorc marcxniv, aseve marjvniv, misi dagrZeleba an damokleba, rac amocanis parametrebis cvlilebas iwvevs. momxmarebels SeuZlia monakveTis formis, feris da a.S. elementebis cvlilebac.  damokidebuleba (dependency) – amocanebs Soris logikur urTierTdamokidebulebas asaxavs da amocanebis Sesrulebis Tanmimdevrobas awesrigebs.  winmswrebi (predecessor) – amocana, romlis Sesruleba unda daiwyos an dasruldes Sesabamisad manam, sanam ar daiwyeba an dasruldeba am amocanis momdevno amocana.  momdevno (successor) – amocana, romlis Sesruleba unda daiwyos an dasruldes manam, sanam Sesabamisad ar daiwyeba an dasruldeba am amocanis winare amocana.  xangrZlivoba (duration) – amocanis Sesasruleblad saWiroa e.w. drois jamuri xangrZlivoba. aq unda gamoikveTos gansxvaveba droiT xangrZlivobasa da jamur xangrZlivobas Soris. Tu samuSao grZeldeba 2

dRes (anu droiTi xangrZlivobaa 2 dRe) da pirveli dRe paraskevia, maSin misi kalendaruli xangrZlivoba iqneba 4 dRe: paraskevi, SabaTi, kvira da orSabaTi. ra Tqma unda, zog SemTxvevaSi amocanis Sesrulebos drois jamuri xangrZlivoba emTxveva droiT xangrZlivobas. Project sistemaSi Sesrulebuli samuSaos xangrZlivoba izomeba wuTebiT, saaTebiT, kvirebiT an TveebiT.  epoqa (milestone) – proeqtis struqturis mixedviT es raRac mniSvnelovani xdomilebaa. maTematikuri TvalsazrisiT es nulovani xangrZlivobis amocanaa. gantis diagramSi epoqa gamoisaxeba specialuri simbolo - rombis saxiT.  SezRudvebi

(constraint)

–

damatebiTi

pirobebia,

romlebic

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos Project sistemis mier proeqtis samuSaos dawyebisa da dasrulebisas, dagegmarebis procesSi. SezRudvebis daweseba xdeba proeqtis Semsruleblis mier. magaliTad, proeqtis Semsrulebels SeuZlia miuTiTos, rom proeqti unda dasruldes ar ugvianes mis mier dasaxelebuli TariRisa.  bolo vada (deadline) – amocanis dasrulebis winaswar daTqmuli droa. Tu proeqtis damTavrebisas es piroba ar aris Sesrulebuli, maSin Project sistemis mier ekranze gamoitaneba specialuri grafikuli indikatori. bolo vada proeqtis Sesrulebis proceduraze ar moqmedebs.  jamuri amocana (summary task) – amocana, romelic dabali rangis (donis) amocanebisagan anu qveamocanebisagan Sedgeba.

Project sistema gamoiTvlis jamuri amocanis parametrebs masSi gaerTianebuli qveamocanebis parametrebis safuZvelze. rac imas niSnavs, rom jamuri amocanis dawyebis TariRi ar SeiZleba win uswrebdes masSi gaerTianebuli qveamocanebidan pirveli qveamocanis dawyebis TariRs (ix. amocana1 an amocana 2). rogorc es nax. 4-dan Cans jamuri amocanis formati mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba "Cveulebrivi" da qveamocanebis formatisagan.

jamuri amocanebi

SesaZlebelia amocanebs Soris Semdegi saxis kavSiris Seqmna (nax. 5a,b,g): • ori jamuri amocanis;

nax. 5

a

• erTi jamuri amocanisa da meore jamuri amocanis Sesabamisi qveamocanis;

nax. 5 b • sxvadasxva jamuri amocanis Sesabamisi ori qveamocanis.

nax. 5 g

ar SeiZleba jamuri amocanisa da masTan mikuTvnebuli qveamocanis gadabma.  faza (Phase) – jamuri amocanaa, romelic Seesabameba SedarebiT damoukidebel da amasTan proeqtis sakmaod mniSvnelovan etaps.  resursi (resource) – zogadad, resursis qveS igulisxmeba adamianebi (SromiTi resursi), danadgarebi da masalebi, romlebic aucilebelia proeqtis Sesabamisi amocanis gadasawyvetad.

Ms Project sistema ganasxvavebs sami tipis resurss: SromiTs (Work resource), sadac igulisxmeba adamianebi da danadgarebi, materialur (Material resource), sadac igulisxmeba dasaxarji masalebi da energomatareblebi da danaxarjebi

(Cost resource), romelic pirdapir ar aris damokidebuli amocanis Sesrulebis xangrZlivobasa da SromiT danaxarjebze

SromiTi resursi ganaxlebadi resursia. aq igulisxmeba is, rom erTi amocanis dasrulebis Semdeg SromiTi resursi SeiZleba "gadasrolili" iqnes sxva obieqtze. "usulo" SromiTi resursis magaliTad gamodgeba kompiuteri, romelsac SuadRemde iyenebda erTi firma programuli uzrunvelyofis Sesaqmnelad, xolo SuadRis Semdeg meore firma dokumentaciis dasabeWdad, mosamzadeblad.

SromiTi resursaTvis Ms Project-i moiTxovs maqsimaluri mniSvnelobis dafiqsirebas, romelic CumaTobis principiT tolia erTis anu 100%-is. materialuri resursi, romelic sazogadod amocanis gadasawyvetad gamoiyeneba ganaxlebas ar eqvemdebareba. materialuri resursis magaliTia eleqtroenergia, romelic kompiuteris mier moixmareba. materialuri resursisaTvis maqsimaluri mniSvneloba ar fiqsirdeba. Ms Project-i angariSobs mxolod resursebis danaxarjs.

kalendari

(calendar) – es aris SromiTi resursis samuSao drois ganawilebis grafiki (nax.)

aq mocemulia samuSao drois xangrZlivoba da dro, roca samuSao resursi miuwvdomelia anu sadResaswaulo an dasvenebis dReebia.  daniSnuleba (assignbent) – es proeqtis ganrigia. igi asaxavs damokidebulebas amocanasa da resurss Soris. Resursebis ganawilebis SemTxvevaSi daniSnuleba aris SromiTi danaxarjis saerTo moculoba, romelic konkretuli amocanis gadasawyvetaTaa saWiro; amocanis SemTxvevaSi es gansazRvravs samuSaos moculobas, romelic am resursze modis.  SromiTi danaxarjebi (effort) – amocanisaTvis es aris samuSaos moculoba mTeli resuris mimarT gazomili kac-saaTebSi. xolo, daniSnuli

resursisaTvis es samuSaos saerTo moculobaa yvela amocanis gadasawyvetad. magaliTad, vTqvaT resurss sWirdeba 16 saaTi SromiTi danaxarji amocanis gadasawyvetad Tumca, amave dros samuSaos xangrZlivoba ar unda aRematebodes erT dRes. cxadia, am SemTxvevaSi saWiro gaxdeba erTze meti SromiTi resursis CarTva. ori resursi 8 saaTiani samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi SesZlebs samuSaos dasrulebas erT dReSi. Tu samuSao dRis xangrZlivoba ganisazRvreba 4 saaTiT, maSin am samuSaos Sesrulebas dasWirdeba 4 resursi. yovelive zemoT aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia daskvnis gakeTeba, rom proeqtis damuSavebis zogadi sqema eqvemdebareba Semdeg moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevrobas: • pirveli nabiji – proeqtis struqturis aRwera anu amocanebisa da maT Soris urTierT - damokidebulebis aRwera. am proceduris Sesruleba SesaZlebelia rogorc qseluri diagramis aseve gantis diagramis saxiT. orive es varianti TiTqmis tolfasia, radgan rogorc es ukve iyo aRniSnuli, Project sistema avtomaturad axdens kalendaruli gegmis generirebas qseluri grafikis saxiT da piriqiT, qseluri grafikis generirebas kaledaruli gegmis saxiT. amasTan sruliadac ar aris aucilebeli gegmis Sedgena qveamocanebis saSualebiT. mxolod saWiroa aRiniSnos, rom Project sistema maSinve gamoiangariSebs e.w. kritikul gzas da vizualurad gamoyofs aseTi tipis amocanebs.

• meore nabiji – proeqtis mTlianad da misi calkeuli amocanebis parametrebis dayeneba. mTlianad proeqtis dagegmarebis sawyis etapze mocemuli unda iyos: samuSao drois kalendari, romlis koreqtirebac SesaZloa moxdes konkretuli amocanebisa da resursebisaTvis; proeqtis droebiTi parametrebis kalendarTan mibmis wesi (anu mimdinare an mocemul TariRTan mibmis wesi); samuSaos moculobisa da xangrZlivobis sazomierTeuli; drois rezervisa da Rirebulebis gamoTvlisparametrebi;

amocanebis parametrebs miekuTvneba:

 xangrZlivoba;  dagegmarebis wesi (SezRudvebiT "rac SeiZlebaadre", "rac SeiZleba gvian", an fiqsirebuli Tari-RebiT);  kavSiris saxe wina amocanasTan ("dasasruli-dasawyisi",  "dasawyisi-dasayisi" da a.S.);  prioriteti. mesame nabiji – proeqtis resursebis dagegmarebaSi. am dros SesaZlebelia erT-erTi CamoTvlili saSualebiT sargebloba: yvela saxis resursebis cxrilSi Setana da mxolod amis Semdeg maTi ganawileba proeqtis samuSaoebs Soris. TiToeuli resursis mikuTvneba uSualod proeqtis samuSaoebisaTvis da rezultatSi resursebis cxrilSi ganzogadebuli informaciis miReba maT Sesaxeb. meoTxe nabiji – proeqtis SefasebiTi analizis Catareba. amisaTvis Project sistemas aqvs sxvadasxva formatis eleqtronuli cxrilebis mTel nakrebi da gamoTvlili Sefasebebis grafikuli warmodgenis saSualebebi. mexuTe nabiji – proeqtis realizaciis procesSi SesaZlo riskebis analizi. unda aRiniSnos, rom raime specializirebuli wesi amisaTvis ar arsebobs (PERT-is meTodiT amocanisa da proeqtis xangrZlivobis analizis garda)

sistemis momzadeba proeqtis gegmis Sesaqmnelad sanam daviwyebT, proeqtis gegmis Seqmnas Ms Projeqt-is, garemoSi mTeli rigi samuSaoebis Catarebaa saWiro. sistema gamoiyeneba rogorc damxmare saSualeba, romelic aadvilebs Semotanili informaciis safuzvelze proeqtis optimaluri gegmis SemuSavebis process, magram Tuki sawyisi informacia da proeqtis miznebi arasworad iqneba dasaxuli, maSin miRweuli Sedegi ar iqneba is, miRwevac proeqtis menejers sinamdvileSi undoda. imisaTvis, rom Ms Projeqt-is garemoSi axali proeqtis gegma Seiqmnas, unda ganxorcieldes Semdegi moqmedebebi: gaixsnas axali proeqtis faili; proeqtisaTvis ganisazRvros startis (an finiSis) drois momenti (TariRi). gaCumebis wesiT, startis TariRad sistema irCevs mimdinares; Camoyalibdes proeqtis Semadgeneli moqmedebis CamonaTvali da mieTiTos maTi xangrZlivobebi; dajgufdes moqmedebebi fazebad: ZiriTad moqmedebebad (Summary tasks) da qvemoqmedebebad; Seiqmnas logikuri jaWvi moqmedebebs Soris, anu, ganisazRvros moqmedebebs Soris ierarqiuli damokidebuleba – romeli moqmedeba romlis mere iwyeba; moxdes proeqtis ganxorcielebisaTviaciis saWiro resursebis CamonaTvalisa da am resursebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis (Rirebuleba, samuSao ganrigi da sxva) sistemaSi Semotana; resursebi daukavSirdes Sesabamis moqmedebebs; gaanalizdes proeqtis gegma