DQ Magazine Issue 8B

DIGITAL ISSUE 8B | 2024

SOUTH AFRICA’S PREMIER DOG MAGAZINE

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www.paleopetpure.com JOHANNESBURG | PRETORIA | CAPE TOWN | GARDEN ROUTE | DURBAN

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CHOOSE AWARD WINNING RAW PET FOOD

HELLO 2024!

Happy New Year to you and your canine friends. We hope 2024 will be your best year yet!

We have lots of exciting plans in store for the upcoming months, which we can't wait to share with you.

As always, we need to extend a huge thank you to our advertisers who are starting yet another year with us. We couldn't produce this magazine without their generous support, so THANK YOU. Also a massive thank you goes out to you for starting 2024 filled with canine enthusiasm! We consider it a huge privilege to provide this content month after month and LOVE sharing it with you.

Here's to 2024!

Lizzie and the DQ team xxx

Dr Lizzie Harrison | Editor

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Designer | Anne Royden-Turner

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DIGITAL ISSUE 8B | 2024

CONTENTS Bouvier des Flandres Unveiling the charm and versatility of a distinguished breed

New Year’s Resolutions For your best canine year yet

Unleashing the extraordinary Meet Peppa

Harnesses vs collars

Clearing the fog

The debate continues

Understanding canine cataracts

Give kisses

Understanding the 5 freedoms

Trick 2: Give a paw

In dogs

Lickimat Recipe

Ask DQ

Homemade FroYo

Your questions answered

Cool dogs Essential tips for hot weather care

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Products we love

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BREED PROFILE

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BREED PROFILE

Bouvier des Flandres UNVEILING THE CHARM AND VERSATILITY OF A DISTINGUISHED BREED

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BREED PROFILE

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n the realm of canine nobility, one breed stands out for its imposing presence, unwavering loyalty, and versatility—the Bouvier des Flandres.

Originating from the Flanders region of Belgium, these majestic dogs have carved a niche for themselves as devoted companions, diligent workers, and vigilant guardians. In this breed profile, we unravel the unique charm and qualities that make the Bouvier a true aristocrat among dogs.

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DID YOU KNOW? Their name, 'Bouvier,' translates to 'cattle herder' in French, underscoring their historical role.

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BREED PROFILE

HISTORY The history of the Bouvier des Flandres is steeped in the rural landscapes of Belgium and France. Originally bred for herding cattle and driving carts, these robust dogs evolved into multitalented working breeds, showcasing their intelligence and adaptability.

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PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Bouvier des Flandres is an impressive sight to behold. Standing strong and sturdy, males can reach up to 70cm at the shoulder, exuding an air of dignified power. Their double coat, featuring a dense, rough outer layer and a soft undercoat, not only adds to their regal appearance but also provides insulation for various weather conditions. Their beard and moustache contribute to their unique facial expression.

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The Bouvier des Flandres can exhibit a variety of coat colours. According to the breed standards, accepted colours for Bouviers include: • Fawn: This colour ranges from light fawn to red-brown. The fawn Bouvier may have a black overlay on the body, which is darker than the primary fawn colour.

• Black: Solid black is another accepted colour for Bouviers. A black Bouvier typically has a black coat without any other colour markings.

• Brindle: Brindle is a mix of fawn and black hairs in a tiger-stripe pattern. The fawn and black hairs are intermingled, creating a distinctive and attractive brindle coat.

• Grey: The grey colour can vary from light silver to deep charcoal. Like the fawn colour, grey Bouviers may also have a black overlay on the body.

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BREED PROFILE

DID YOU KNOW? Bouviers were used as messengers and ambulance dogs during World War I.

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It's important to note that while these colours are accepted in breed standards, individual preferences may vary. Additionally, markings such as white on the paws, chest, or chin are also permissible as long as they do not dominate the overall coat colour.

The Bouvier des Flandres is known for its distinctive appearance, and these varied coat colours contribute to the breed's unique and appealing aesthetic.

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VERSATILITY The Bouvier des Flandres is a true Renaissance dog, showcasing versatility across diverse activities.

From excelling in obedience trials to participating in herding competitions, these dogs thrive on mental and physical stimulation. Their strong work ethic, combined with a keen sense of intuition, positions them as ideal partners for those seeking a canine companion who can adapt to various

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BREED PROFILE

roles. Bouviers have been found to excel as therapy dogs in search and rescue and agility competitions. In the 'working world', they are often used for police and military work due to their problem-solving abilities.

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TEMPERAMENT Despite their imposing stature and love for work, Bouviers are known for their gentle and loyal disposition.

Renowned as excellent family dogs, they form strong bonds with their human counterparts and display a protective instinct that makes them reliable guardians. Their intelligence and eagerness to please make them highly trainable.

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CHALLENGES While the Bouvier's qualities make it an exceptional breed, potential owners must be prepared for the responsibilities that come with these magnificent dogs.

Firstly, their thick coat requires regular grooming to maintain their health and appearance. This is likely to require assistance from a professional groomer, which can be costly.

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BREED PROFILE

DID YOU KNOW? Bouviers are considered a low-shedding breed, making them suitable for individuals with allergies. They do, however, require regular grooming to maintain their coat health.

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Secondly, the high intelligence of the breed necessitates consistent mental stimulation. These are not dogs you can leave unattended for prolonged periods. Due to this sharp intelligence, early socialisation and training are also crucial to ensure they develop into wellmannered adults.

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Unfortunately, Bouviers des Flandres can also be prone to specific health conditions. It's important for potential owners to be aware of these issues and for breeders to conduct health screenings to reduce the risk of hereditary diseases.

Common health concerns for Bouviers des Flandres include:

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BREED PROFILE

• Hip dysplasia: A common orthopaedic issue, hip dysplasia involves the abnormal development of the hip joint, which can lead to arthritis and pain. Responsible breeding practices and regular exercise can help manage this condition.

• Elbow dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia is a developmental condition affecting the elbow joint. It can cause lameness and pain, and treatment may involve medication or surgery.

• Cancer: Bouviers are unfortunately predisposed to certain types of cancer, including osteosarcoma (bone cancer) and lymphoma. Regular veterinary check-ups and early detection are crucial for managing cancer.

• Subaortic Stenosis (SAS): SAS is a heart condition that affects blood flow through the heart. Regular veterinary examinations, including cardiac evaluations, can help detect and manage heart-related issues.

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• Hypothyroidism: Bouviers may experience hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. This can result in weight gain, lethargy, and skin problems.

Medication is typically prescribed for management.

• Cataracts: Like many breeds, Bouviers can develop cataracts, which can lead to impaired vision.

Regular eye check-ups are essential for monitoring and addressing eye health.

• Gastric torsion (bloat): Bouviers, like other deep-chested breeds, are at risk of gastric torsion, commonly known as bloat. This is a serious and life-threatening condition that requires immediate veterinary attention. Feeding smaller, more frequent meals and avoiding strenuous exercise after meals can help reduce the risk.

• Cystinuria: This genetic disorder affects the kidneys and urinary tract, leading to the formation of cystine stones. Adequate water intake and a balanced diet can assist in managing this condition.

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Potential Bouvier owners need to choose reputable breeders who prioritise the health and well-being of their dogs. Regular veterinary checkups, a balanced diet, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle through exercise are key components of keeping Bouviers in optimal health. Additionally, early detection and proactive management of potential health issues can contribute to a longer and healthier life for these wonderful dogs.

FINAL THOUGHTS In the grand tapestry of dog breeds, the Bouvier des Flandres stands out as a majestic and versatile companion.

From their historical roots as cattle herders to their contemporary roles as loving family members, these dogs continue to capture the hearts of those who appreciate their strength, intelligence, and unwavering loyalty.

For those seeking a regal canine companion with a heart of gold, the Bouvier des Flandres undoubtedly reigns supreme.

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BREED PROFILE

FAST FACT In Belgium, their country of origin, Bouviers are affectionately nicknamed 'Vuile', which means dirty.

This nickname refers to their willingness to get dirty while working.

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FOR YOUR BEST CANINE YEAR YET

Here’s ten resolutions to make 2024 your best canine year yet: 1. Health check-ups: Schedule regular veterinary checkups for your dog. Ensure vaccinations are up to date, discuss preventive care, and address any health concerns promptly.

2. Health insurance review: If you have pet insurance, review your coverage and make sure it aligns with your dog's potential health needs. Consider updating or upgrading the policy if necessary.

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DOG FOCUS

3. Emergency preparedness: Create an emergency plan for your dog. Ensure you have a first aid kit, know the location of the nearest emergency clinic, and have a plan in place for temporary care if you're away.

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4. Balanced nutrition: Evaluate your dog's diet and make necessary adjustments. Choose high-quality, nutritionally balanced food suitable for your dog's age, breed, and health status.

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5. Regular exercise routine: Establish and stick to a consistent exercise routine that meets your dog's energy levels and needs.

Regular physical activity is vital for their overall well-being.

6. Training and mental stimulation: Commit to having ongoing training sessions and providing enrichment activities so your dog is mentally stimulated. Teach new tricks, engage in interactive games, and provide puzzle toys for mental enrichment.

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DOG FOCUS

7. Weight management: Monitor your dog's weight and adjust their diet and exercise accordingly.

Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for preventing obesity-related health issues.

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8. Grooming routine: Develop a regular grooming routine, including brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. This not only keeps your dog looking good but also contributes to their overall health.

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9. Socialisation opportunities: Expose your dog to various environments, people, and other animals to enhance their socialization skills. Attend dogfriendly events, visit parks, and arrange playdates with other wellbehaved dogs. NOTE: This is only if your dog enjoys these opportunities!

If not, focus on the enrichment activities and exercise instead.

10. Quality time together: Dedicate quality time for bonding with your dog. Whether it's a relaxing walk, playtime, or cuddles on the couch, strengthening your bond is the most important thing you can do to ensure your dog’s happiness.

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Tailor these goals to your dog's individual needs and consult with your vet or animal behaviourist for personalised advice. Here's to a happy and healthy New Year for you and your canine companion!

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DOG PROFILES

INTERVIEW: CRYSTAL BALDWIN PHOTOGRAPHY: CRYSTAL BALDWIN

Unleashing the extraordinary MEET PEPPA Owner: Jordyn Kirkham

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DOG PROFILES

Once you have had a wonderful dog, a life without one is a life diminished.

– Dean Koontz

1. What is your dog’s name?

Peppa 2. How old is your dog?

10 3. What breed is your dog?

German Shepherd 4. Can your dog perform any tricks?

Yes, Peppa can sit, lie down, paw and high-five.

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5. What are your dog’s unique quirks?

Peppa is obsessed with light reflections. When she was younger, she used to chase the red dot of a laser. Now, in her old age, she stares at the ceiling and walks to wherever the light has reflected off a phone or watch screen.

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She is also obsessed with water and will encourage you to splash her with water from the pool or hose pipe, yet she hates swimming.

6. How does your dog handle car rides?

She is very calm during car rides.

She may whine a little, but it’s more out of excitement than stress.

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7. Does your dog have a special space to sleep?

She sleeps on her bed, next to my bed.

8. How does your dog respond to music or the TV? She is unphased by the TV and any music.

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9. Do you celebrate your dog’s birthday or adoption anniversary? If so, how?

Yes, we do. We celebrate her birthday every year. We give her extra treats.

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10. How does your dog show affection? Are there any particularly individual ways?

She may come off a bit grumpy, but she’s a big softie and will whine and lick you. She likes to lean on you and will whine until you give her a good rub.

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D O G S AT H O M E

Harnesses vs collars

THE DEBATE CONTINUES

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he choice between harnesses and collars for dogs often depends on the individual needs, activities, and characteristics of the dog, as well as the owner's preferences. Both harnesses and collars have their advantages and drawbacks. Here, we examine these in some detail:

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D O G S AT H O M E

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HARNESSES: PROS: 1. Reduced neck strain: Unlike collars, harnesses distribute the pressure across the dog's chest and shoulders, reducing the strain on the neck. This can be particularly beneficial for dogs with respiratory issues or breeds prone to tracheal problems, particularly tracheal collapse.

2. Safety: A harness tends to provide more control, especially for dogs that pull on the leash or wriggle out of collars. It can be helpful for managing strong or energetic dogs, providing better stability and preventing escape while avoiding excessive neck pressure.

3. No risk of choking: Because a harness doesn't constrict the neck, there is no risk of choking or injuring the trachea, even with enthusiastic dogs who pull excessively. This makes it a safer option for certain breeds.

4. Training assistance: Some harnesses are designed to assist in training by discouraging pulling. Front-clip harnesses, for example, redirect a dog's attention when they pull.

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CONS: 1. Freedom of movement: While harnesses provide control, some dogs may feel restricted in their movement compared to with a collar. Harnesses can also rub, which is uncomfortable, and many dogs find them too cumbersome in hot weather.

2. Take time to get used to it: Some dogs may not be comfortable wearing a harness, especially initially. It may take time to acclimate them to it.

3. Can teach pulling: Harnesses that

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hook on the back can actually help train your dog to pull you, which is the exact opposite of what you want.

4. Fit is a challenge: Getting the fit of a harness right can be a real challenge, particularly with all the different styles on the market, and many owners are unknowingly going around with the wrong harness size for their dogs.

This can result in escapee pups or sore dogs who have been rubbed and squeezed by an overly tight harness.

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COLLARS: PROS: 1. Simplicity: Collars are easy to put on and take off, making them convenient for everyday use.

2. Availability: Dog collars are one of the most readily available pet items on the market and are far less complex to fit than harnesses.

3. Identification: Collars are a common place to attach identification tags, providing essential information in case a dog gets lost.

4. Lightweight: Collars are generally lightweight and less bulky than some harness designs, which can be more comfortable for certain dogs.

5. Fashion: The variety of styles and materials provides many very nice options for our canine companions to look their best.

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DID YOU KNOW? You'll know a collar fits if you can slip one finger between your dog's skin and the collar (for small dogs) or if you can fit two fingers between your dog's skin and the collar (for large breed dogs).

CONS: 1. Neck strain: Collars can place pressure on the neck, which may not be suitable for dogs prone to respiratory issues or certain breeds with sensitive necks.

2. Potential for injury: If a dog is not adequately trained or pulls excessively, collars can pose a risk of injury to the neck or back, especially for small breeds.

3. Less control: Dogs that are strong pullers may be harder to control with a

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collar alone, and as all the pressure is on the neck, injury can result.

4. Collar too big: If the fit is too loose, your dog may be able to wriggle out and escape. This is especially true for dogs, such as Greyhounds, whose heads are often smaller than their necks.

5. Collar too small: Collar fit can be difficult, and it is very easy to overtighten a collar, which is extremely painful for the dog.

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NOTE The equipment you use is obviously far less important than the time you put into training your dog to walk safely next to you. If you spend plenty of time working on your dog's walk etiquette, including their leading manners, using positive reinforcement, the kind of equipment you use when out walking will be far less of a concern.

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CONCLUSION The choice between a harness and a collar depends on the specific needs of the dog, the owner's training goals, and the dog's comfort level. Some owners opt for a combination, using a harness for walks and a collar for ID tags. It's essential to choose a wellfitting, comfortable option, whichever you go for, and to introduce the equipment gradually to ensure the dog's comfort and safety. Consulting with a veterinarian or a professional dog trainer can help guide the decision based on the individual characteristics of your dog.

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DOG TRAINING

TRICK 2: GIVE A PAW

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DOG TRAINING

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eaching your dog to give kisses, also known as 'doggy kisses' or 'giving love,' can be a fun and endearing trick. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you teach your dog to give kisses: 1. Create a calm environment: Begin training in a quiet, calm environment where your dog feels comfortable and relaxed. This will help them focus on the training without distractions.

2. Get your dog's attention: Call your dog or wait for them to come to you of their own accord.

Ensure your dog is in a positive and receptive mood for training.

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3. Use a verbal cue: Choose a verbal cue or command that you will use each time when you want your dog to give kisses. For example, you can say 'Give kisses,' 'Kiss,' or any other phrase you prefer.

4. Offer your hand: Present your hand or fingers close to your dog's nose. This will naturally pique their curiosity.

5. Add a tasty incentive: Apply a small amount of a tasty treat or some peanut butter to your fingers.

Make sure it's a treat your dog enjoys and is motivated by.

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6. Encourage sniffing and licking: As your dog sniffs or licks the treat on your hand, use your verbal cue ('Give kisses') to associate the action with the command. You can also gently move your fingers towards your face to encourage more licking.

8. Repeat the process: Practice the 'Give kisses' command regularly in short training sessions.

Repeat the steps, gradually reducing the use of treats as your dog becomes more familiar with the command.

7. Positive reinforcement: Immediately reward your dog with praise, affection, and the treat when they give kisses. Use positive reinforcement to let them know they've done the desired behaviour correctly.

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9. Consistency is key: Be consistent with your cues and rewards. Use the same command and reward system each time to reinforce the behaviour.

10. Practice in different settings: Generalize the behaviour by practising in various environments and situations. This helps your dog learn to give kisses on command regardless of the surroundings.

11. Respect your dog's comfort level: Pay attention to your dog's body language. If they seem uncomfortable, respect their feelings and try again later or in a different way.

12. Be patient and positive: Teaching tricks takes time, so be patient and have fun with the process. Keep training sessions positive and enjoyable for both you and your dog.

Remember that every dog learns at their own pace, so tailor the training to your dog's personality and preferences. Positive reinforcement, consistency, and patience are the keys to successfully teaching your dog to give kisses.

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DOG NUTRITION

LICKIMAT RECIPE HOMEMADE FROYO

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DOG NUTRITION

Lickimats are a fantastic way to provide mental stimulation and a tasty treat for your dog. Here's a simple recipe using dog-friendly ingredients to make your pooch some homemade frozen yoghurt: INGREDIENTS: • 1 cup plain yogurt (unsweetened, no artificial sweeteners) • 1 ripe banana • 1 tablespoon peanut butter (make sure it doesn't contain xylitol) • 1 tablespoon honey • Optional: Small pieces of dogfriendly fruits (e.g., blueberries, strawberries)

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INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Gather your ingredients: Ensure you have all the ingredients ready and measured.

2. Mash the banana: Peel the banana and mash it thoroughly in a bowl. Bananas add natural sweetness and a creamy texture.

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3. Mix in the yogurt: Add the plain yogurt to the mashed banana and mix well. Yogurt provides a good source of probiotics for your dog's digestive health.

4. Add peanut butter: Incorporate the peanut butter into the mixture. Peanut butter adds flavour and is often a favourite among dogs.

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5. Drizzle honey: Drizzle honey into the mixture. Honey provides a touch of sweetness and can be enticing for your dog.

6. Optional: Add dog-friendly fruits: If your dog enjoys fruits, you can add small pieces of dog-friendly fruits like blueberries or strawberries to the mixture. These add extra nutrients and flavours.

7. Mix thoroughly: Stir the ingredients together until you achieve a smooth and well-blended mixture.

8. Prepare the Lickimat: Spread the mixture onto a Lickimat or a similar slow-feeder mat.

Lickimats have textured surfaces that make it enjoyable for dogs to lick and work for their treats.

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9. Freeze: Place the Lickimat in the freezer and let it freeze until solid. This might take a few hours.

10. Serve to your dog: Once frozen, take the Lickimat out of the freezer and present it to your dog. They'll enjoy licking and working to extract the tasty, frozen treat.

11. Supervise: Always supervise your dog while they enjoy frozen treats to ensure safe consumption.

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This frozen yogurt Lickimat recipe is not only a delightful treat for your dog but also provides entertainment and mental stimulation. Adjust the recipe based on your dog's preferences and dietary needs.

Remember to consider any food allergies your dog may have and consult with your veterinarian if you have concerns about specific ingredients.

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Cool dogs ESSENTIAL TIPS FOR HOT WEATHER CARE

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ith the holidays over and many of us returning to our air-conditioned offices, it’s easy to forget that our canine companions are still at home dealing with the heat. Dogs, with their furry coats and limited cooling mechanisms, can be vulnerable to overheating in hot weather, and it’s important that we make sure our dogs are coping now we’re back at work. Here's a comprehensive guide on how to keep your dog cool and comfortable during the heat:

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1. Frozen treats: Offer frozen treats like dog-friendly ice cubes or frozen fruits. You can also freeze dog-safe broth or yogurt in ice cube trays for a refreshing snack.

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2. Hydration is key: Adequate water intake is crucial in hot weather. Always provide access to fresh and cool water. Place multiple water bowls in different areas of your home and carrying water with you during outdoor activities.

3. Shade and shelter: Create shaded areas in your yard or garden, and provide a cool, sheltered spot for your dog to retreat. Avoid extended outdoor activities during peak heat hours, typically from late morning to early evening.

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4. Indoor cool zones: Ensure your dog has access to airconditioned or well-ventilated indoor areas. Create a comfortable retreat with cool flooring and proper air circulation.

6. Wet towels and cooling wraps: Dampen a towel with cool water and place it over your dog. You can also use cooling wraps or vests designed for dogs. Re-wet the towel or wrap as needed to maintain its cooling effect.

5. Cooling mats and beds: Invest in cooling mats or beds designed for dogs. These products use cooling gel or materials that absorb and dissipate heat, providing a comfortable surface for your dog to lie on.

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7. Limit exercise on hot surfaces: Avoid walking your dog on hot pavement or surfaces. The heat from the ground can burn their paw pads.

Opt for early morning or late evening walks when temperatures are cooler.

8. Never leave your dog in a parked car: Even with windows cracked open, the temperature inside a parked car can skyrocket within minutes, leading to heatstroke. Never leave your dog unattended in a parked car, even for a short period.

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9. Grooming: Regular grooming helps manage your dog's coat during hot weather.

Brushing removes excess fur, allowing better air circulation.

However, avoid shaving doublecoated breeds, as their coats provide insulation.

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10. Paddling pools and water play: Set up a small paddling pool or allow your dog access to shallow water for a cool dip. Some dogs love water play, and it's an excellent way for them to cool down. Just make sure there is an easy route out of the pool for your dog, and monitor them at all times when they are in the water.

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11. Watch for signs of overheating: Be vigilant for signs of overheating, including excessive panting, drooling, lethargy, and vomiting. If you suspect heatstroke, seek veterinary attention immediately.

12. Consideration for brachycephalic breeds: Brachycephalic breeds, like Bulldogs and Pugs, are more prone to heatrelated issues due to their respiratory anatomy. Be especially cautious with these breeds in hot weather.

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CONCLUSION By incorporating these tips into your routine, you can safeguard your dog's health and well-being during hot weather. Always tailor your care approach to your dog's breed, age, and individual needs. A cool and content canine is a happy one, and your efforts to keep them comfortable will strengthen the bond between you and your furry companion.

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CLEARING THE FOG UNDERSTANDING CANINE CATARACTS Cataracts, a common eye condition in humans, can affect our canine companions as well. Dogs, known for their keen senses, may experience vision impairment due to cataracts, and whilst many dogs adapt to these changes relatively well, cataracts are still a significant health concern and should prompt veterinary review. In this article, we delve into the topic of cataracts in dogs, exploring causes, symptoms, treatment options, and preventive measures.

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UNDERSTANDING CATARACTS Cataracts in dogs involve the clouding of the eye's lens, leading to impaired vision. The lens is responsible for focusing light onto the retina, enabling clear vision. When cataracts develop, the lens becomes opaque, hindering the passage of light and causing blurred or cloudy vision.

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CAUSES OF CATARACTS Several factors contribute to the development of cataracts in dogs: 1. Age: As you might expect, senior dogs are more susceptible to cataracts.

While cataracts can develop at any age, they are far more commonly associated with the ageing process.

This is because as dogs age, the lens proteins can undergo changes that lead to clouding.

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DOG EYE ANATOMY

formation of cataracts. These disorders may affect the balance of nutrients and proteins in the lens.

2. Genetics: Certain breeds are predisposed to cataracts. Examples include Poodles, Cocker Spaniels, Boston Terriers and Siberian Huskies.

This suggests that genetic factors increase the likelihood of cataract formation.

3. Diabetes mellitus: Dogs with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing cataracts. Elevated blood sugar levels can lead to changes in the metabolic processes in the lens, promoting cataract formation, even at an early age.

4. Metabolic disorders: Certain metabolic disorders, apart from diabetes, can contribute to the

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5. Trauma or injury: Eye injuries, inflammation, or trauma to the eye can contribute to cataract development.

6. Inflammation (uveitis): Inflammatory conditions within the eye, known as uveitis, can lead to cataracts.

Uveitis may be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other inflammatory processes that affect the eye.

7. Congenital cataracts: Some dogs may be born with cataracts or develop them at a very young age due to congenital factors. This can be hereditary or related to developmental abnormalities.

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PROGRESSION OF CATARACTS Cataracts can progress at varying rates. They may start as small opacities and gradually enlarge over time, affecting larger portions of the lens. In some cases, cataracts may lead to complete blindness if left untreated.

SYMPTOMS OF CATARACTS IN DOGS: Recognising the signs of cataracts is crucial for early intervention.

Common symptoms include: 1. Cloudy or blurry eyes: The most apparent sign is a cloudiness in one or both eyes, affecting the dog's vision.

2. Changes in eye colour: The affected eye may exhibit a change in colour, appearing grey or blue.

3. Altered behaviour: Dogs with cataracts may show signs of reluctance to navigate unfamiliar environments, hesitant behaviour, or increased clumsiness in familiar settings.

4. Rubbing or scratching at the eyes: Discomfort caused by cataracts or frustration at the lack of vision may prompt dogs to rub or scratch at their eyes.

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A NOTE ON PAIN Cataracts themselves are not typically painful for dogs.

Dogs with cataracts often adapt to changes in their vision, and the condition itself is not associated with discomfort.

However, it's crucial to note that underlying factors contributing to cataracts, such as inflammation, injury, or certain health conditions, might cause pain or discomfort.

For example: 1. Secondary conditions: Dogs with cataracts may develop secondary conditions such as inflammation (uveitis) or increased intraocular pressure, which can be painful.

These conditions may be associated with cataracts or result from the changes in the eye caused by cataracts.

2. Trauma: In cases where cataracts result from eye injuries or trauma, the initial injury can cause pain, and the development of cataracts may be secondary to the original source of discomfort.

A thorough veterinary examination is necessary to determine the cause of any discomfort. If a dog exhibits signs of eye pain, such as squinting, excessive tearing, redness, or rubbing at the eyes, it's crucial to seek prompt veterinary attention. The veterinarian can assess the dog's eyes, identify the root cause of any pain or discomfort, and recommend an appropriate course of action, which may include treatment for underlying issues or consideration for cataract surgery if necessary.

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DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT A veterinarian can diagnose cataracts through a comprehensive eye examination, often including a slit-lamp examination and other diagnostic tools.

Early detection is essential to assess the severity of the condition and determine the appropriate course of action. Treatment options may include:

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1. Surgery: Surgical removal of cataracts (phacoemulsification) is an effective treatment. In many cases, the cloudy lens is replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL).

2. Medication: In cases where surgery is not immediately feasible, medications may be prescribed to manage inflammation or underlying conditions contributing to cataracts.

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PREVENTIVE MEASURES While not all cases of cataracts are preventable, certain measures can help reduce the risk of them developing or at least delay their onset:

3. Protective eyewear: Dogs exposed to environments with potential eye hazards, such as debris or UV radiation, may benefit from protective eyewear.

1. Regular check-ups: Routine eye examinations by a veterinarian can aid in early cataract detection.

FINAL THOUGHTS Cataracts in dogs may pose challenges, but with early detection and appropriate treatment, many affected dogs regain significant visual function. Pet owners should remain vigilant for changes in their dog's eyes and seek prompt veterinary attention if any abnormalities are observed.

Understanding cataracts allows us to navigate this common canine eye condition with compassion and proactive care, ensuring our four-legged friends enjoy a lifetime of clear vision.

2. Good diabetes control: For diabetic dogs, managing blood sugar levels through a balanced diet and medication can help prevent or delay cataract development.

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D O G H E A LT H

UNDERSTANDING THE

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FREEDOMS IN DOGS

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he ‘Five Freedoms’ is a concept developed by the Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC) in the United Kingdom and serves as a framework for better understanding and promoting the welfare of animals.

While initially created for farm animals, the principles of the Five Freedoms have been applied to various animals, including dogs. The Five Freedoms are:

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D O G H E A LT H

FREEDOM FROM HUNGER AND THIRST • Dogs should have access to a well-balanced and nutritious diet that meets their dietary needs.

• Dogs should have access to clean, fresh water at all times to prevent dehydration.

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D O G H E A LT H

2

FREEDOM FROM DISCOMFORT • Dogs should live in an environment that provides adequate shelter and protection from the elements.

• They should have a comfortable resting area that meets their needs.

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3

FREEDOM FROM PAIN, INJURY, OR DISEASE • Dogs should receive prompt veterinary care when they are ill or injured.

• Measures should be taken to prevent and control diseases and injuries.

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FREEDOM TO EXPRESS NORMAL BEHAVIOUR • Dogs should have enough space and proper facilities to allow them to exhibit normal behaviours, such as stretching, grooming, and playing.

• They should have opportunities for mental stimulation and social interaction.

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FREEDOM FROM FEAR AND DISTRESS • Dogs should live in an environment that avoids mental suffering. This includes avoiding situations that cause fear, anxiety or distress.

• Adequate handling, socialisation, and positive reinforcement should be part of a dog’s daily interactions.

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D O G H E A LT H

Applying the Five Freedoms to dogs means ensuring that their physical, mental, and emotional needs are met.

Responsible dog ownership involves providing proper nutrition, a safe and comfortable living environment, veterinary care, opportunities for mental and physical stimulation and a life as free from mental stressors as possible. Implementing the Five Freedoms well involves understanding and respecting the natural behaviours of dogs, and allowing them to express themselves in ways that are appropriate for their species.

These principles are foundational to the humane treatment of dogs, whether they are companion animals, working dogs, or those in a shelter or rescue setting. Advocates for animal welfare often use the Five Freedoms as a guideline to assess and improve the wellbeing of dogs and other animals in various contexts.

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YOUR DOG QUESTIONS ANSWERED

Why does my one dog love to play with a ball, and my other seem totally disinterested?

The preference for playing with balls or other toys can vary widely among individual dogs, and several factors may contribute to these differences: 1. Breed characteristics: Some breeds are more predisposed to enjoy fetching and playing with balls due to their natural instincts.

Retrievers, for example, as their name suggests, are often known for their love of retrieving objects.

2. Individual personality: Just like us, dogs have unique personalities. Some dogs are naturally more playful and enjoy interactive games, while others may be more laid-back and have different activities that they enjoy.

3. Puppyhood experiences: Early experiences during a dog's critical socialisation period can influence their preferences for play.

Dogs exposed to a variety of toys and positive play experiences during puppyhood may develop a greater interest in play.

4. Socialisation and exposure: As with puppyhood exposure, dogs that have just generally been exposed to more toys and play experiences are more likely to have diverse interests.

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4. Training and encouragement: Dogs that have been trained or encouraged to play with toys, including balls, are more likely to engage in such activities. Positive reinforcement and playtime with owners can foster a love for interactive games.

5. Health and age: Health factors, such as dental issues or arthritis, can affect a dog's willingness or ability to engage in certain types of play. Older dogs may have different preferences than puppies or young adults.

7. Prey drive: Dogs with a strong prey drive may be more inclined to enjoy games that involve chasing or retrieving objects, such as balls. Breeds with high prey drive, like hounds, may find these activities particularly engaging.

8. Texture and size preferences: Some dogs have specific preferences for the texture

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or size of toys. For example, a dog may prefer soft plush toys over hard rubber balls.

9. Owner interaction: The level of interaction and engagement with owners can play a significant role. Dogs that enjoy interactive play with their owners may be more likely to engage in ball games.

10. Sensitivities: Dogs may have different sensory sensitivities. Some may be more sensitive to sounds, movements, or textures associated with balls, influencing their preference for or aversion to playing with them.

Understanding your dog's individual preferences and providing a variety of toys and play experiences can help cater to their unique interests. Additionally, observing your dog's behaviour and adapting playtime activities to suit their preferences can strengthen the bond between you and your furry friend.

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Q&A

What are some natural remedies for constipation in dogs?

If your dog is experiencing constipation, there are several natural remedies and lifestyle adjustments that may help alleviate the issue.

However, it's important to consult with your vet before trying any remedies to ensure that there isn’t something more serious going on and that the remedies are appropriate for your dog's specific situation. Here are some natural remedies for constipation in dogs:

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1. Increased water intake: Ensure your dog has access to clean and fresh water at all times. Hydration is crucial for maintaining regular bowel movements. You can also try adding a bit of lowsodium broth to their water to entice them to drink more.

2. Dietary fibre: Incorporate fibre-rich foods into your dog's diet.

Canned pumpkin (not pumpkin pie filling) is a wellknown natural remedy for constipation in dogs.

Start with a small amount and gradually increase as needed. Other fibre sources include sweet potatoes and green beans.

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5. Probiotics: Probiotics can help balance the gut flora and improve overall digestive health. You can find dog-friendly probiotic supplements or include probiotic-rich foods like yogurt with live cultures in their diet.

6. Herbs and supplements: Some herbs and supplements, such as slippery elm and aloe vera, may have mild laxative effects and can be considered under the guidance of a veterinarian.

7. Grooming and hair removal: Long-haired dogs, especially those prone to excessive shedding, may ingest hair during self-grooming, leading to constipation. Regular grooming and brushing can help minimise hair ingestion.

8. Routine and consistency: Dogs thrive on routine. Ensure that their feeding and bathroom schedule is consistent. Avoid sudden changes in diet, as this can contribute to digestive issues.

3. Coconut oil: Adding a small amount of coconut oil to your dog's food can provide a lubricating effect in the digestive tract, potentially easing constipation. Start with a conservative amount, such as a quarter of a teaspoon for smaller dogs and one teaspoon for larger dogs.

4. Exercise: Regular physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements. Take your dog for walks and engage in playtime to encourage movement and promote a healthy digestive system.

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9. Warm bath: A warm bath can help relax your dog's muscles and may stimulate bowel movements. Make sure the water is comfortably warm, and supervise your dog during the bath.

10. Seek advice from your vet: If your dog's constipation persists or is accompanied by other symptoms, consult with your vet. Underlying health issues could contribute to constipation, and a professional evaluation is essential.

Remember that each dog is unique, and what works for one may not work for another. Always consult with your vet to determine the best course of action based on your dog's individual needs and health status.

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Products we love Shopping fun

PaleoPet Pure 100% Green Beef Tripe for Dogs Humans may find tripe to be somewhat of an acquired taste (and smell), but dogs absolutely love it! Our tripe has been thoroughly washed and cleaned for you, while retaining all the nutrition of unbleached tripe. It’s easy to serve and store and has so many health benefits for adult and senior dogs especially.

Tripe is rich in trace minerals, while moderate in protein and fat. It is a great complementary raw food addition to a diet for dogs who may struggle with constipation or need foods that are easier to digest.

Tripe doesn’t contain any bone, but still maintains a perfect calcium phosphorus balance, which is rare for animal protein without bone content.

Tripe can be used as a basis for a ketogenic diet for dogs with cancer or epilepsy where one should feed low

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to no carbohydrate, moderate protein and high fat. Tripe can also entice dogs who may not feel all that well and are reticent to eat.

Our 100% Green Beef Tripe (and nothing else) is made from the best quality local beef with no preservatives, colourants or artificial flavourants.

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Products can be purchased online at www.paleopetpure.com and delivered to your door or bought at selected retailers.

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