Image.UA 2009.4 by International business magazine IMAGE.UA

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Business School in the «Nibulon» Style Школа бізнесу по-НІБУЛОНівські

The crisis. Not only a catastrophe, but also an opportunity… Криза. Не лише катастрофа, а й шанс

The Open Soul of a Nation, Shaded by Slavery

Відкрита душа затіненого невільництвом народу

Mykolayiv region Миколаївщина

mykolayiv

№4 /9/ 2009

B e s t

²ì³äæ ua Ì²ÆÍÀÐÎÄÍÈÉ Á²ÇÍÅÑ-ÆÓÐÍÀË ÏÐÅÌ²ÓÌ ÊËÀÑÓ

ÏÐÅÄÑÒÀÂËßªÌÎ ÊÐÀÙÈÕ

Метою видання є сприяння формуванню стійкої позитивної репутації, іміджу та інвестиційної привабливості України, її регіонів, політичних лідерів, вітчизняних підприємств та їх керівників серед вітчизняної та іноземної аудиторії. Розповсюдження журналу здійснюється шляхом цільової розсилки та передплати. Цільова розсилка: керівникам органів державної влади (Верховна Рада, Кабінет Міністрів, Секретаріат Президента, Міністерства, обласні державні адміністрації, міські державні адміністрація) керівникам провідних українських та іноземних компаній закордонним інвестиційним, фінансовим, консалтинговим компаніям, венчурним фондам та банкам

Розповсюдження через: ТПП України (міжнародні виставки, зустрічі, самміти, конференції) українські посольства, торгові місії за кордоном, зокрема, у США, країнах Євросоюзу, Росії, Великобританії, Японії, Китаї, Індії, Бразилії, Канаді та інші тощо. посольства іноземних країн в Україні українські урядові делегації за кордоном державні та громадські організації, які сприяють розвитку бізнесу на Україні (InvestUkraine, InvestInRivne, Виставкова федерація України, EBA тощо)

The purpose of the magazine is to assist the creation of a stable positive reputation, capital attractive image of Ukraine and its regions, political leaders, domestic enterprises and their leaders among Ukrainian and foreign audience. The distribution of the magazine is done by means of pre-payment and subscription. Subscription: The authorities of the administrative body (Supervisory board, Secretary to the President, Cabinet Minister, Ministry, regional state authorities, local state authorities) Managers and Directors of leading Ukrainian and Foreign companies Foreign investing , financing and consulting companies, venture funds and banks

Distribution through: TPP Ukraine (international exhibitions, meetings, summits and conferences) Ukrainian Embassies, trading missions abroad (USA, European Union, Russia, Great Britain, Japan, China, India, Brazil, Canada and others) Foreign embassies in Ukraine Ukrainian government delegations abroad State and public organisations that provide development of business in Ukraine (InvestUkraine, InvestInRivne, exhibition federation of Ukraine, EBA and others)

Голова Наглядової Ради: Микола Григорович ЖУЛИНСЬКИЙ Head of the Editorial Board: Mykola ZHULYNSKY Над номером працювали Видавець - Головний редактор: Алла АЛИМОВА Керівник проекту: Олена СТЬОБАЛО Випускаючий редактор: Олена ПЕРШИНА Редактор англійської версії : д-р Шахрам ДІНДАР Виконавчий директор: Ніна ХАРЧУК Коректор-літредактор: Олена ВТОРИХ Дизайн та верстка: Наталія РУДОМЕТОВА Фотокореспонденти: Віктор ШУКЛІН, Павло КОТЕЛЬВА Відділ реклами: Олександр СТЬОБАЛО, Тетяна ВОЛКОДАВ, +38 044 425 33 40, adv@image.ua Перекладачі: Джері ШОБРЛЕЙН, Лариса МОРОЗ, Наталія КАБАЛНОВА

Founder - Editor in Chief: Alla ALYMOVA Project Director: Olena STOBALO Editor: Olena PERSHINA Editor of English version: Dr. Sean Dindar Executive director: Nina KHARCHUK Proof reader- corrector: Elena VTORYKH Design and Graphic design: Natalia RUDOMETOVA Press Photographer: Victor SHUKLIN, Pavlo KOTELVA Advertisement Department: Oleksander STOBALO, Tatiana VOLKODAV, + 380 44 425 33 40, adv@image.ua Translation Team: Jerry SHOEBRLEIN, Larisa MAROZ, Nataliа KABALNOVA

Зареєстрований знак (свідоцтво № 68771 від 15.11.2008). Усі права захищено. №4(9)/2009 Підписано до друку 12.11.2009 Засновник – Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю «Міжнародний фонд Дружби народів» Друкується українською, російською та англійською мовами. Журнал виходить 1 раз на квартал. Видається з вересня 2007 року. Свідоцтво про державну реєстрацію журналу: КВ №12533-1417Р від 28.03.2007 Друк: ТОВ ВТО «Типографія від «А до Я», 02660, м. Київ, вул. Колекторна, 38/40, тел.: (044) 563-1804 Підписний індекс: 37326 у каталозі ДП «Преса» Тираж 10 000 примірників.Ціна договірна. Адреса редакції: 04070, м. Київ, вул. Борисоглібська, 12 оф., 16 тел.: +38 044 425 45 32 E-mail: info@image.ua www.image.ua Застереження: назва, концепція, дизайн і надруковані матеріали є власністю журналу «Імідж.UA» і захищені міжнародним правом та українським законодавством. Відповідальність за достовірність усіх фактів несуть автори публікацій. Редакція не завжди поділяє точку зору авторів. Використання матеріалів із журналу «Імідж.UA» у будь-якій формі дозволяється тільки з письмової згоди редакції. Відповідальність за зміст реклами несе рекламодавець.

²mage ua

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Registered mark (certificate № 68771 dated 15.11.2008). ©«Image.UA» All rights reserved. №4(9)/2009 To be issued 12.11.2009 Founder: International Friendship Foundation Ltd. It is published in Ukrainian, Russian and English. Magazine published quarterly. It has been published since September, 2007. State registration certificate of printed mass-media, serial number KB No. 12533-1417P from 28.03.2007 Printed by: «From A to Z» Ltd, 38/40, Kolektorna st., Kyiv, 02660, tel.: (044) 563-1804 Subscription index: 37326 DP «Press» catalogue Circulation: 10,000 issues Price: contract value Publishers address: 12, Borysoglibska St. Kyiv, 04070, Ukraine, tel.: +38 044 425 45 32 E-mail: info@image.ua www.image.ua Attention: The title, concept, design and printed materials are the property of the magazine «Image.UA» and protected by international and Ukrainian laws. The authors are responsible for the authenticity of all facts. Editors do not necessarily share the views of the authors. Using materials from the magazine «Image.UA» in any form is allowed only with written permission of the publisher. The advertiser is responsible for the content of advertisement.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

ÇÌ²ÑÒ CONTENT

Голова Миколаївської обласної державної адміністрації Олексій Гаркуша: «Миколаївщина – відкритий регіон для взаємовигідного бізнес-партнерства та співробітництва»

Стор. 6-33 Head of the Mykolayiv regional administration Oleksiy Garkusha: «Mykolayiv region is an open region for mutually advantageous business-partnership and collaboration»

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ Ìèêîëà¿âùèíà – êðàé êîðàáåë³â ³ õë³áîðîá³â ..............................6 Îëåêñ³é Ãàðêóøà. Ìèêîëà¿âùèíà íàö³ëåíà íà ³ííîâàö³¿ ..............8 Ïîðòðåò ðåã³îíó: ïðèðîäíî-ðåñóðñíèé ïîòåíö³àë ....................16 Åêîíîì³÷íà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ............................18 Äîñÿãíåííÿ òà ïëàíè íà ìàéáóòíº ...............22 Ì³ñòî êîðàáåë³â ...............................................24 Ãðàí³òíî-ñòåïîâå Ïîáóææÿ – îäíå ç ÷óäåñ Óêðà¿íè ......................................28 Àíòè÷íå ì³ñòî Îëüâ³ÿ .......................................30 Òàì, äå ïàëàº ìîðå .........................................32 ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÙÈÍÀ. Ë²ÄÅÐÈ ÃÀËÓÇ² Øêîëà á³çíåñó ïî-Í²ÁÓËÎÍ³âñüêè ................34 Êîìïàí³ÿ «Ñàíäîðà» – ë³äåð â³ò÷èçíÿíîãî ñîêîâîãî ðèíêó ..............44 Âîëîäèìèð Âîç³ÿí: «Ìè ñòâîðþºìî êîëåêòèâ, à êîëåêòèâ ñòâîðþº íàñ».................................46 «ÞÃöåìåíò» ñò³éêèé äî êðèçè ó ñâ³òîâ³é åêîíîì³ö³ .........................................48 Ïðîäóêö³ÿ «Ïåðâîìàéñüêäèçåëüìàø» íà ñòîðîæ³ åêîëîã³¿ òà åíåðãîçáåð³ãàííÿ ....50 ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ – Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ Ñòèñëî ïðî Ãåðìàí³þ.......................................52 Ãàíñ-Þð´åí Ãàéìçüîò: «Óêðà¿íö³ – ãîñòèííèé òà â³äêðèòèé íàðîä».........................................54

ООО СП «НІБУЛОН». Тут не лише збирають найкращі в Україні врожаї зернових, а й вміють швидше за всіх будувати

Стор. 34-43 Co Ltd JV «NIBULON». They don’t only gather the best grain crops in Ukraine, but also build faster than anyone else

ÕÐÎÍÎÃÐÀÔ Õðîíîãðàô â³ä «²ì³äæ.UA».............................. 60 ØËßÕ ÄÎ ÓÑÏ²ÕÓ Ìèñòåöòâî áóäóâàòè á³çíåñ ...........................68 ÀÍÀË²ÒÈÊÀ Óêðà¿íà ïðîõîäèòü ôàçó íàêîïè÷åííÿ öèâ³ëüíîãî äîñâ³äó ……...............................…..72 Êðèçà. Íå ëèøå êàòàñòðîôà, à é øàíñ ........74 Àíàë³ç êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³ Óêðà¿íè â³äïîâ³äíî äî ïðèíöèï³â Ìàéêëà Ïîðòåðà .....78 Ä²ÀËÎÃÈ Â³í ñàì áóâ êîæíèì ñâî¿ì ãåðîºì (äî 60-ð³÷÷ÿ ß. Ñòåëüìàõà) ............................82 ÌÅÖÅÍÀÒ Òàëàíò ëèøàòèñÿ óêðà¿íöåì ...........................86 ÇÄÎÐÎÂ’ß Íà ñòîðîæ³ çäîðîâ’ÿ …………...........….………..90 ÎÑÂ²ÒÀ

Надзвичайний і Повноважний Посол Німеччини в Україні Ганс-Юрґен Гаймзьот про економічні та культурні стосунки між двома державами

Òåðíîï³ëüñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé åêîíîì³÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò – àëüìà-ìàòåð åêîíîì³÷íî¿ åë³òè Óêðà¿íè ....................................................92 Ãàðâàðä. Øëÿõ â³ä êîëåäæó äî êðàùîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó êðà¿íè ........................................96

Стор. 54-59

ÄÓÕÎÂÍ²ÑÒÜ

Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Germany in Ukraine Hans-Jürgen Heimsoeth tells about the economic and cultural relationships between the two countries

Ìàð³ÿ Çàíüêîâåöüêà – àðòèñòè÷íèé ñèìâîë óêðà¿íñüêî¿ íàö³¿ .......102 Â³äêðèòà äóøà çàò³íåíîãî íåâ³ëüíèöòâîì íàðîäó. Àâòîð – Ìèêîëà Æóëèíñüêèé ............108 ¯¿ âåëè÷í³ñòü êíèãà .........................................114 «Ï³âäåííà ñòîëèöÿ» – âèçíàííÿ â ëþáîâ³ Îäåñ³ òà îäåñèòàì .........................................118

ÇÌ²ÑÒ CONTENT

MYKOLAYIV REGION Mykolayiv – a Land of Ships and Grain-Growers ………........................…………7 Olexiy Garkusha. Mykolayiv Region Targets Innovations ............................................12 Natural and Raw Materials Potential ................17 Economic Characteristics .................................19 Achievements and Plans for the Future .....................................................23 Mykolayiv is a City of Shipbuilders ....................26 Granite-Steppe Lands of Bug – one of the Ukrainian Miracles ...........................29 The Antique Town of Olvia ................................31 The Place Where the Sea Burns ......................33 LEADERS Business School in the «Nibulon» Style ………..............……………39 Sandora LLS is the Domestic Juice Market Leader .........................................45 Vladimir Voziyan: «We Create a Collective, and the Collective Creates us» .........................47 «JUGcement» is Unyielding to the Crisis in the World Economy .................49 Pervomaiskdieselmash Products Keep an Eye on the Ecology and Energy Efficiency .......................................51

Олег Устенко, виконавчий директор Міжнародного фонду Блейзера про інвестиційний клімат в Україні

Стор. 74-77 Oleg Ustenko, executive director of the international Bleyzer fund tells about the investment climate in Ukraine

Джеймс Костянтин Темертей – один з найвідоміших українських меценатів сучасності

Стор. 86-89 James Kostjantyn Temertey – one of the most famous Ukrainian sponsors of the present time

UKRAINE – GERMANY Briefly About Germany ……………….........………52 Hans-Jurgen Heimsoeth: «Ukrainians are a Hospitable and Frank Nation» .............................................54 CHRONOGRAPH Chronograph of «Image.UA» ............................60 THE WAY TO SUCCESS The Art of Building Business ………………….….68 ANALYTICS Ukraine Passes the Phase of Civil Experience Accumulation ….............….72 The Crisis. Not Only a Catastrophe, But Also an Opportunity ....................................74 Analysis of Ukraine’s Competitiveness According to the Principles of Michael Porter .....................................………78 MAECENAS A Talent to Remain a Ukrainian ….….……………86 HEALTH On health guard ..........…………...........….………..90 EDUCATION Ternopil National Economic University – the Alma Mater of the Ukrainian Economic Elite ...................................................92 Harvard. The Path from a College to Being the Best University in the Country .......................................................96 SPIRITUALITY Mariya Zan’kovetska is an Artistic Symbol of the Ukrainian Nation …….....……….102 The Open Soul of a Nation, Shaded by Slavery. Author Mykola Zhulynsky ….............................108 Her Majesty the Book ..…….........………………..114 «The Southern Capital» Is Declaration of Love to Odessa and its Inhabitants ………..............................….118

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Її величність Жінка. Зірка минулого – Марія Заньковецька та зірка сучасності – Ніна Матвієнко

Стор.102,108 Majestic Women. Star of the past – Mariya Zankovetska and star of the present time – Nina Matvijenko

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Миколаївщина – край корабелів і хліборобів Яких тільки епітетів не придумано, щоб прославити рідний край – рідну Миколаївщину. Та й є що славити. Це справжня колиска європейської цивілізації, де були і елліни, і скіфи, й інші кочівники. А потім три сотні років, ще до Потьомкіна й Суворова, ці землі поливали власною кров’ю запорожці в протистоянні з Туреччиною… 6

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Миколаївщина – це й житниця України, і край, в якому народжуються величні кораблі. З трьох боків область межує з іншими регіонами України, а на півдні її територію омивають води Чорного моря і його лиманів. Саме на Миколаївщині розташована одна з найкращих природних «перлин» України –

долина річки Південний Буг. Це справжня гірська країна серед степу, де, зупинившись на день-два, можна насолоджуватися гідромасажем від бурхливого водограю або милуватися величчю Бузького каньйону. А там, де зливаються русла річок Південний Буг та Інгул, стоїть обласний центр – Миколаїв.

Mykolayiv region – a land of ship industry and grain-growers Many epithets were found to glorify the native land – native Mykolayiv region. And it is worth it. Really, it is the cradle of European civilization. Here have been Hellenes, Scythian and other nomads. And then, three thousand years before Potemkin and Suvorov, this land was being drenched in Cossack’s blood in confrontation with Turkey…

Mykolayiv region is both a granary of Ukraine and a land, where majestic ships are built,. On three sides the region borders upon other regions of Ukraine and in the south the waters of the Black sea and its firths wash its territory. One of the best natural «pearls» of Ukraine is the Southern Bug river-valley. It is a real

mountainous land among the steppes where, stopping for one or two days, you can enjoy a hydro massage from powerful waterfalls or admire the greatness of the Buzkij canyon. At the place where the river-beds of the Southern Bug and Ingul meet, the administrative centre is situated, a city, washed by river waters, – Mykolayiv. 7

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Шановні читачі! Із гордістю та задоволенням представляю вам Миколаївську область. Сьогодні наш регіон посідає перше місце в Україні за темпами соціальноекономічного розвитку. І ми впевнені: жителі Миколаївщини зроблять все необхідне, щоб це лідерство в майбутньому було збережено. Одним із ключових завдань обласної влади разом з розвитком економіки завжди було і є підвищення рівня соціальної безпеки миколаївців. Адже завдання влади – не просто забезпечити економічні успіхи, а й завдяки їм – добробут людей. Особливу увагу ми приділяємо молоді, оскільки чітко розуміємо, що своє майбутнє треба плекати зараз! Звертаюся до тих, хто полюбляє подорожувати: приїздіть до нашого чудового краю. Саме на території Миколаївщини розташований регіональноландшафтний парк «Гранітно-степове Побужжя», який українці визнали одним з наймальовничіших куточків нашої держави, назвавши природним дивом України. А є ще й Національний історикоархеологічний заповідник «Ольвія», де збереглися рештки Зевсового кургану та Храму Аполлона. Ми плануємо і надалі розвивати туризм у нашому краї, щиро зустрічаючи тих, хто небайдужий до чарів рідної природи. Сьогодні не викликає сумнівів перспективність інвестицій у Миколаївську область, оскільки тут сприятливі умови не лише для відпочинку, а й для ведення бізнесу. Вигідне географічне положення, родюча земля, розвинена інфраструктура та високий професійний рівень трудових ресурсів – все це дозволяє успішно працювати. Скажу відверто: ми рішуче націлені конвертувати потенційні можливості та конкурентні переваги області в реальний економічний успіх. Будемо робити це, насамперед, шляхом створення найбільш сприятливого інвестиційного клімату. Тож ...пишайтеся рідним краєм, ...приїжджайте до нас, ...інвестуйте в Миколаївщину!

Олексій Гаркуша, Голова Миколаївської обласної державної адміністрації Olexiy Garkusha, The Head of Mykolayiv Regional State Administration

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Голова Миколаївської обласної державної адміністрації Олексій ГАРКУША

Олексій ГАРКУША:

Миколаївщина націлена на інновації Миколаївщина – чудовий край, в якому, до того ж живуть працелюбні й талановиті люди. Тому не дивно, що Миколаївська область з повним правом вважається однією з найкращих в Україні. Цілковито справедливо можна зауважити, що економічних та соціальних успіхів важко досягти без умілого професійного керівництва. Очолює Миколаївщину Олексій Гаркуша. Саме до нього звернувся «Імідж.ua» з питаннями про життя краю. – Îëåêñ³þ Ìèêîëàéîâè÷ó, íàïðèê³íö³ ìèíóëîãî ðîêó ó Ìèêîëàºâ³ ïðîâîäèâñÿ ³íâåñòèö³éíèé Ôîðóì, îäíå ³ç çàâäàíü ÿêîãî ïîëÿãàëî â îö³íö³ åêîíîì³÷íîãî ïîòåíö³àëó îáëàñò³. Òîæ ÷èì, íàñàìïåðåä, ïðèâàáëèâà Ìèêîëà¿âùèíà äëÿ ³íâåñòîð³â? – Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü º ³íâåñòèö³éíîïðèâàáëèâèì ðåã³îíîì ç³ çíà÷íèì ïðîìèñëîâèì, ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêèì, òðàíñïîðòíèì, òóðèñòè÷íèì, êóðîðòíî-ðåêðåàö³éíèì ïîòåíö³àëîì, ÷îìó ñïðèÿþòü ÿê ïðèðîäíîêë³ìàòè÷í³ óìîâè, òàê ³ âèñîêîêâàë³ô³êîâàíà ðîáî÷à ñèëà, ïåðñïåêòèâíà âèðîáíè÷à òà íàóêîâà áàçà, ðîçâèíåíà ³íôðàñòðóêòóðà. Ãåîãðàô³÷íå ïîëîæåííÿ îáëàñò³ íà âõîä³ äî âíóòð³øí³õ âîäíèõ øëÿõ³â, ðîçãàëóæåíà ïîòóæíà òðàíñïîðòíà ñèñòåìà, äî ñêëàäó ÿêî¿ âõîäÿòü âñ³ âèäè òðàíñïîðòó (çàë³çíè÷íèé, ìîðñüêèé, ð³÷êîâèé, àâòîìîá³ëüíèé, àâ³àö³éíèé òà òðóáîïðîâ³äíèé), íàÿâí³ñòü ñóäíîïëàâíèõ âîäíèõ àðòåð³é – óñå öå çíà÷íî ñïðèÿº äîäàòêîâîìó çàëó÷åííþ íàö³îíàëüíèõ òà ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòèö³é. Â îáëàñò³ íàë³÷óºòüñÿ áëèçüêî 3,8 òèñÿ÷³ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ. Îñíîâí³ ãàëóç³ – ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ (çîêðåìà, ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ), õàð÷îâà òà ïåðåðîáíà, ëåãêà ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, ìåòàëóðã³ÿ ³ âèðîáíèöòâî ãîòîâèõ ìåòàëåâèõ âèðîá³â, åëåêòðîåíåðãåòèêà, ñ³ëüñüêå ãîñïîäàðñòâî, òðàíñïîðò, áóä³âíèöòâî, òóðèçì ³ ðåêðåàö³ÿ. Ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü îáëàñò³ çàáåçïå÷óº ïîíàä 70% äåðæàâíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà ãàçîâèõ òóðá³í, á³ëüøå 80% îáñÿã³â âèðîáíèöòâà ãëèíîçåìó (ñèðîâèíè äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâà àëþì³í³þ), áëèçüêî 10% åëåêòðîåíåðã³¿ Óêðà¿íè, 7% öåìåíòó òà ïîíàä 45% ôðóêòîâèõ ñîê³â.

Олексій Гаркуша з Президентом України Віктором Ющенком в аеропорту «Миколаїв» Olexiy Garkusha with the President of Ukraine , Victor Yushchenko at Mykolayiv’s airport

Ñ³ëüñüêå ãîñïîäàðñòâî – äðóãà çà îáñÿãàìè òà ïåðøà ³ç çàéíÿòîñò³ òðóäîâèõ ðåñóðñ³â ãàëóçü ìàòåð³àëüíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà îáëàñò³. Ðîäþ÷³ ï³âäåíí³ ÷îðíîçåìè Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ äàþòü çìîãó âèðîùóâàòè âåëèê³ âðîæà¿ õë³áà, âèíîãðàäó, îâî÷³â, ñîíÿøíèêó òà ³íøèõ êóëüòóð. Çàãàëüíà ïëîùà ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêèõ óã³äü äîð³âíþº 2 ì³ëüéîíè ãåêòàð³â, 1,7 ìëí.ãà ç ÿêèõ – îðí³ çåìë³, àáî 5,2 % ð³ëë³ Óêðà¿íè. Ïëîùà çðîøóâàíèõ çåìåëü – 190,3 òèñ. ãà, àáî 8,7 % çðîøóâàíèõ çåìåëü Óêðà¿íè. Â îáëàñò³ óñï³øíî ôóíêö³îíóº ÒÎÂ ÑÏ «Í²ÁÓËÎÍ» – îäèí ç íàéá³ëüøèõ âèðîáíèê³â òà åêñïîðòåð³â ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Íèí³ â îáëàñò³ óñï³øíî ðåàë³çóþòü ³íâåñòèö³éí³ ïðîåêòè òàê³ êîìïàí³¿ ç³ ñâ³òîâèì ³ì’ÿì, ÿê PepsiCo, ÐóñÀë, åôåêòèâíî ïðàöþþòü ï³äïðèºìñòâà ç ³íîçåìíèìè ³íâåñòèö³ÿìè ÂÀÒ «Âàäàí ßðäñ Îêåàí», ÇÀÒ «Ëàêòàë³ñ Óêðà¿íà», ÂÀÒ «Þãöåìåíò», «ÑÀÍ ²íÁåâ Óêðà¿íà» òà áàãàòî ³íøèõ. – À ÿê³ ãîëîâí³ ï³äñóìêè òà ðåçóëüòàòè Ôîðóìó, òîáòî êîãî ùå ç ³íâåñòîð³â çàëó÷åíî äî ïðàö³ íà Ìèêîëà¿âùèí³? – Ï³ä ÷àñ öüîãî çàõîäó áóëî ïðåäñòàâëåíî åêîíîì³÷íèé ïîòåíö³àë îáëàñò³ òà ïðåçåíòîâàíî ³íâåñòèö³éí³ ïðîåêòè ó ð³çíèõ ãàëóçÿõ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêîãî âèðîáíèöòâà òà ïåðåðîáêè, òðàíñïîðòí³é òà òóðèñòè÷íî-ðåêðåàö³éí³é ñôåðàõ. Äåÿê³ ç öèõ ïðîåêò³â óæå ïë³äíî âò³ëþþòüñÿ ó æèòòÿ. Ó ñåðïí³ 2009 ðîêó ÔÃ «Îðãàí³ê ñ³ñòåìñ» õîëäèíãó «Àãðîôüþæí» ââåëî â åêñïëóàòàö³þ âíóòð³øíüîãîñïîäàðñüêèé êîìïëåêñ ç ïåðåðîáêè òîìàò³â. Ðåàë³çàö³ÿ öüîãî ïðîåêòó çàãàëüíîþ âàðò³ñòþ 200 ìëí ãðí äîçâîëèòü

â³äíîâèòè óêðà¿íñüêó òîìàòíó ³íäóñòð³þ òà ³íôðàñòðóêòóðó ïîë³â ç âèðîùóâàííÿ òîìàò³â íà ï³âäí³ Óêðà¿íè. Çàâäÿêè ïóñêó íîâîãî çàâîäó â ðåã³îí³ ñòâîðåíî äîäàòêîâî 400 ðîáî÷èõ ì³ñöü, âñ³ì ðîá³òíèêàì ãàðàíòîâàíî ïîâíèé ñîö³àëüíèé ïàêåò. Ó ñòàä³¿ ðåàë³çàö³¿ çíàõîäèòüñÿ ïðîåêò áóä³âíèöòâà Ï³âäåííî-Óêðà¿íñüêî¿ â³òðîåëåêòðîñòàíö³¿ â Î÷àê³âñüêîìó ðàéîí³ ïîòóæí³ñòþ 300 ÌÂò (êîìïàí³ÿ «ªâðîÓêðÂ³íä»), ÿêèé ä³ñòàâ ï³äòðèìêó Óðÿäó. Ðåàë³çàö³ÿ ïðîåêòó äîçâîëèòü ñêîðîòèòè ñïîæèâàííÿ ïðèðîäíîãî ãàçó çà ðàõóíîê âèêîðèñòàííÿ â³äíîâëþâàëüíî¿ åíåðãåòèêè, çàëó÷èòè 438,0 ìëí ºâðî ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ðåñóðñ³â, ñòâîðèòè íîâ³ ðîáî÷³ ì³ñöÿ. Çàâäÿêè ñïðèÿòëèâîìó ³íâåñòèö³éíîìó êë³ìàòó â Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é îáëàñò³ ó ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà» áóëî âèð³øåíî âêëàñòè 40 ìëí äîë. ³íâåñòèö³é â ðîçøèðåííÿ àñîðòèìåíòó âëàñíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ øëÿõîì çàïóñêó íîâî¿ âèðîáíè÷î¿ ë³í³¿ ç ðîçëèâó ãàçîâàíèõ íàïî¿â ïîòóæí³ñòþ 170 ìëí ë íà ð³ê íà âèðîáíè÷îìó êîìïëåêñ³ ¹ 2 â ñ. Ì³øêîâî-Ïîãîðºëîâî Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³. Íà ²²² êâàðòàë 2009 ðîêó çàïëàíîâàíî çàïóñê ùå îäí³º¿ ë³í³¿ ç ðîçëèâó ãàçîâàíèõ íàïî¿â. Ï³ñëÿ çàïóñêó äâîõ íîâèõ ë³í³é ïîòóæíîñò³ êîìïàí³¿ çá³ëüøàòüñÿ íà 35% ³ äîñÿãíóòü 1,5 ìëðä ë³òð³â ïðîäóêö³¿ íà ð³ê. Íà çàìîâëåííÿ ÒÎÂ ÑÏ «Í²ÁÓËÎÍ» íà Ìèêîëà¿âñüêîìó ñóäíîáóä³âíîìó çàâîä³ «Âàäàí ßðäñ Îêåàí» çáóäóþòü 24 áàðæ³ çì³øàíîãî (ð³êà-ìîðå) ïëàâàííÿ. Íà áóä³âíèöòâ³ áàðæ ïðîòÿãîì ðîêó áóäå çàëó÷åíî 50% ïåðñîíàëó ï³äïðèºìñòâà. Ó ðàìêàõ ïðîåêòó ïëàíóºòüñÿ çáóäóâàòè ð³÷êîâ³ òåðì³íàëè, áàðæ³, ïîáóäóâàòè òà çàêóïèòè áóêñèðíèé ôëîò ó ñêëàä³ 14 ð³÷êîâèõ òà ìîðñüêèõ áóêñèð³â.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Наша область є аграрною. Зусилля обласної державної адміністрації направлені на збільшення виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції, особливо зерна. Як результат, за останні десять років середньорічне виробництво зерна збільшилося в 1,3 разу і на сьогодні вже перевищує 2,5 млн т. As our region is agricultural, the efforts of the regional state administration were aimed at increasing agricultural production, especially corn. As a result, for the last ten years the average annual production of corn has increased 1,3 times and now it exceeds 2,5 m tons.

– Ñêàæ³òü, áóäü ëàñêà, ÷è ëèøå âåëèê³ ì³ñòà Ìèêîëà¿âùèíè ïðèâàáëþþòü ³íâåñòîð³â? – Ó ðàéîíàõ òà ì³ñòàõ îáëàñò³ ðåàë³çóþòüñÿ ìåíø ìàñøòàáí³, àëå âàæëèâ³ ïðîåêòè. Íàïðèêëàä, ó ãàëóçÿõ òâàðèííèöòâà, ñàä³âíèöòâà òà ðîñëèííèöòâà, éäå ñòâîðåííÿ íîâèõ âèðîáíèöòâ â õàð÷îâ³é òà ïåðåðîáí³é ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, à òàêîæ ó òóðèñòè÷íî-ðåêðåàö³éí³é ãàëóç³. Ïðîâåäåííÿ Ôîðóìó äîçâîëèëî â ïëàíàõ ñîö³àëüíî-åêîíîì³÷íîãî ðîçâèòêó ðàéîí³â êîíêðåòí³øå îêðåñëèòè íàïðÿìêè ³íâåñòèö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, ñôîðìóâàòè òà ïðåäñòàâèòè êîìïëåêñíó áàçó äàíèõ ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ïðîåêò³â òà ïðîïîçèö³é, â³ëüíèõ çåìåëüíèõ ä³ëÿíîê òà âèðîáíè÷èõ ïëîù Ìèêîëà¿âùèíè äëÿ ðîçâèòêó ï³äïðèºìíèöüêî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³. Ìèêîëà¿âùèíà º â³äêðèòèì ðåã³îíîì äëÿ âçàºìîâèã³äíîãî á³çíåñ-ïàðòíåðñòâà òà ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà. – Ïîïðè ñâ³òîâó ô³íàíñîâó êðèçó, Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü çà íàñë³äêàìè ïåðøîãî ï³âð³÷÷ÿ ïîë³ïøóº ñâî¿ ïîêàçíèêè. Çà ðàõóíîê ÷îãî öå â³äáóâàºòüñÿ? – Åêîíîì³÷íà êðèçà îõîïèëà âñ³ ³íñòèòóö³éí³ ñåêòîðè åêîíîì³êè îáëàñò³, àëå îáëäåðæàäì³í³ñòðàö³ºþ ðåàë³çóþòüñÿ çàõîäè ùîäî çàïîá³ãàííÿ íåãàòèâíèì íàñë³äêàì ô³íàíñîâî¿ êðèçè íà åêîíîì³êó îáëàñò³. Ïðèéíÿòî ðîçïîðÿäæåííÿ, çàõîäè ÿêèõ íàïðàâëåíî íà ïîäîëàííÿ ô³íàíñîâî¿ êðèçè; çàïðîâàäæåíî ùîì³ñÿ÷íèé ïðîãíîç åêîíîì³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ðîçâèòêó îáëàñò³; ùîì³ñÿöÿ ïðîâîäÿòüñÿ îáëàñí³ íàðàäè ç ðîçïîðÿäíèêàìè êîøò³â ì³ñöåâèõ áþäæåò³â; ñòâîðåíî äâ³ àíàë³òè÷í³ ãðóïè äëÿ âèð³øåííÿ ïîòî÷íèõ ïðîáëåìíèõ ïèòàíü òà ïðîâîäÿòüñÿ ¿õ çàñ³äàííÿ ùîäî àíàë³çó ñòàíó ñïðàâ íà îñíîâíèõ áþäæåòîóòâîðþþ÷èõ ï³äïðèºìñòâàõ; ïðîâîäÿòüñÿ çàñ³äàí-

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

На полях Миколаївської області: врожай буде добрий! In the fields of Mykolayiv’s region: There will be a good harvest!

íÿ îïåðàòèâíîãî øòàáó ç êîíòðîëþ çà ö³íîâîþ ñèòóàö³ºþ íà ñïîæèâ÷îìó ðèíêó îáëàñò³. Âæèò³ îáëäåðæàäì³í³ñòðàö³ºþ çàõîäè ïî÷èíàþòü äàâàòè äåÿê³ ïîçèòèâí³ çðóøåííÿ â åêîíîì³÷íîìó òà ñîö³àëüíîìó ðîçâèòêó îáëàñò³, ÿê³ ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî íàÿâí³ñòü ïîòåíö³àëó â³äíîâëåííÿ ðåàëüíîãî ñåêòîðà åêîíîì³êè îáëàñò³ ï³ñëÿ íåãàòèâíèõ âíóòð³øí³õ òà çîâí³øí³õ âïëèâ³â, ÿê³ â³ä÷óâàëà åêîíîì³êà ó ñ³÷í³ òà ëþòîìó 2009 ðîêó. Òàê, çðîñòàííÿ íà 1,5% âèðîáíèöòâà ïðîìèñëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ â ö³ëîìó ïî îáëàñò³ â ëèïí³ ïîð³âíÿíî ç ÷åðâíåì ö.ð. â³äáóëîñü çàâäÿêè çðîñòàííþ âèðîáíèöòâà ìàéæå â óñ³õ ãàëóçÿõ ïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó îáëàñò³. Íàéá³ëüøå çðîñëè îáñÿãè âèðîáíèöòâà ïîð³âíÿíî ç ïîïåðåäí³ì ì³ñÿöåì â ëåãê³é ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ (â 1,7 ðàçó), õ³ì³÷í³é òà íàôòîõ³ì³÷í³é ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ (íà 20,8%). Ïîçèòèâíèì º òå, ùî â³äáóëîñü çðîñòàííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà â ãàëóçÿõ, ÿê³ çàéìàþòü çíà÷íó ïèòîìó âàãó â çàãàëüíîîáëàñíèõ îáñÿãàõ. Òàê, â ìåòàëóðã³¿ îáñÿãè âèðîáíèöòâà çðîñëè íà 3,9%, â ìàøèíîáóäóâàíí³ – íà 9,7%, ó âèðîáíèöòâ³ ³íøî¿ íåìåòàëåâî¿ ì³íåðàëüíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ (áóä³âåëüí³é ³íäóñòð³¿) – íà 8,3%. Ïîæâàâëåííÿ âèðîáíè÷î¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ â óñ³õ ñåêòîðàõ åêîíîì³êè îáëàñò³ ñïðèÿëî óïîâ³ëüíåííþ òåìï³â çìåíøåííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà ïðîìèñëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ç 26% ó ñ³÷í³ 2009 ðîêó äî 19% ó ëèïí³ öüîãî ðîêó. – Îëåêñ³þ Ìèêîëàéîâè÷ó, Âàì íàëåæèòü ôðàçà ïðî òå, ùî «êðèçà ïîâèííà ñòàòè ïîøòîâõîì äëÿ ñòâîðåííÿ íîâèõ íàïðÿì³â ðîçâèòêó Óêðà¿íè». Ðîçêàæ³òü, áóäü ëàñêà, äîêëàäí³øå ïðî ö³ íîâ³ íàïðÿìè. – Ñüîãîäí³øíÿ ô³íàíñîâî-åêîíîì³÷íà ñèòóàö³ÿ ñóòòºâî âïëèâàº íà ðîçâèòîê îêðåìèõ ñóá’ºêò³â ãîñïîäàðþâàííÿ.

Ï³ä ÷àñ êðèçè íàéñòàá³ëüí³øå ïðàöþþòü ï³äïðèºìñòâà, ÿê³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòü á³ëüø ñó÷àñí³ ³ííîâàö³éí³ òåõíîëîã³¿, âèïóñêàþòü êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíó ïðîäóêö³þ. Â óìîâàõ çðîñòàííÿ êîíêóðåíö³¿ çàïîðóêîþ óñï³øíîãî á³çíåñó º ñòâîðåííÿ íîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ òà íîâèõ âèä³â âèðîáíèöòâà, âïðîâàäæåííÿ ñó÷àñíèõ òåõíîëîã³é, ðîçøèðåííÿ àñîðòèìåíòó âëàñíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿. Íèí³ óíàñë³äîê ö³º¿ ³íâåñòèö³éíî¿ õâèë³ çíàéøëî ñâîþ í³øó íîâîñòâîðåíå ï³äïðèºìñòâî ÔÃ «Îðãàí³ê Ñ³ñòåìñ» (âèñîêîòåõíîëîã³÷íå âèðîáíèöòâî òîìàòíî¿ ïàñòè â Óêðà¿í³ øëÿõîì ñòâîðåííÿ çàìêíóòîãî òåõíîëîã³÷íîãî öèêëó â³ä âèðîùóâàííÿ òîìàò³â íà ï³âäí³ Óêðà¿íè äî ¿õ ïåðåðîáêè òà ðåàë³çàö³¿), ðîçøèðþº ñôåðè ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ÒÎÂ ÑÏ «Í²ÁÓËÎÍ» øëÿõîì ñòâîðåííÿ âëàñíîãî ôëîòó, âïðîâàäæóº íîâ³ âèäè ïðîäóêö³¿ ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà», àêòèâíî çàéìàºòüñÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿì ³ííîâàö³éíèõ òåõíîëîã³é ÒÎÂ «Âåëàì», ÄÏ «Ìèêîëà¿âñüêèé ìîðñüêèé òîðãîâåëüíèé ïîðò» ââåäåíî â åêñïëóàòàö³þ ïîðòîâèé ðîçïîä³ëü÷èé õîëîäèëüíèé êîìïëåêñ ïîòóæí³ñòþ 12 òèñÿ÷ òîíí òà êîìïëåêñ ç ïåðåðîáêè äåðåâèíè íà ùåïó. 2008 ðîêó íà Ìèêîëà¿âùèí³ â³äáóëîñü ñóòòºâå ïîæâàâëåííÿ ³ííîâàö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ, ê³ëüê³ñòü ÿêèõ äîñÿãëà 55 îäèíèöü, ùî ó 2 ðàçè á³ëüøå í³æ ó 2007 ðîö³. Çàâäÿêè çàñòîñóâàííþ íàóêîâèõ ðîçðîáîê òà ñó÷àñíèõ òåõíîëîã³é ³ííîâàö³éíî àêòèâí³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà ïîñò³éíî âäîñêîíàëþþòü ñâîþ ïðîäóêö³þ, çàéìàþòüñÿ äèâåðñèô³êàö³ºþ âèðîáíèöòâà, òîìó çíàõîäÿòü íîâ³ ðèíêè çáóòó íàâ³òü â óìîâàõ êðèçîâèõ ÿâèù â åêîíîì³ö³. Ïðèêëàäîì ïîçèòèâíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ â óìîâàõ êðèçè ìîæå áóòè ðîáîòà â 2009 ðîö³ ÂÀÒ «Áàøòàíñüêèé ñèðçàâîä», ÂÀÒ «Ïåðâîìàéñüêèé ÌÊÊ», ÂÀÒ «Çàâîä «Åêâàòîð», ÔÃ «Âëàäàì».

У Миколаївській області вперше в Україні здійснено надання адресної допомоги багатодітним сім’ям: З обласного бюджету виділено 1,5 млн. грн. для придбання найнеобхідніших речей для них.

Губернатор вручив мікроавтобуси багатодітним сім’ям The governor gives minibuses to families who have a lot of children

Òîìó îáëäåðæàäì³í³ñòðàö³ÿ çàêëèêàº ïðåäñòàâíèê³â ìàëîãî òà ñåðåäíüîãî á³çíåñó çîñåðåäèòè óâàãó íà çàïî÷àòêóâàíí³ ³ííîâàö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, ïåðåîñíàùåíí³ âèðîáíèöòâà ÿê øëÿõó ðîçâèòêó á³çíåñó. – Âè âåëèêó óâàãó ïðèä³ëÿºòå àãðîïðîìèñëîâîìó êîìïëåêñó îáëàñò³. ßê³ óñï³õè â ö³é ñôåð³? ² ùî ïëàíóºòüñÿ â ìàéáóòíüîìó? – Îñê³ëüêè íàøà îáëàñòü º àãðàðíîþ, çóñèëëÿ îáëàñíî¿ äåðæàâíî¿ àäì³í³ñòðàö³¿ íàïðàâëåí³ íà çá³ëüøåííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, îñîáëèâî çåðíà. ßê ðåçóëüòàò, çà îñòàíí³ äåñÿòü ðîê³â ñåðåäíüîð³÷íå âèðîáíèöòâî çåðíà çá³ëüøèëîñÿ â 1,3 ðàçó ³ íà ñüîãîäí³ âæå ïåðåâèùóº 2,5 ìëí ò. Ó 2008 ðîö³ àãðàð³¿ îáëàñò³ äîñÿãëè ðåêîðäíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ³ ñåðåä ðåã³îí³â äåðæàâè çà òåìïàìè çðîñòàííÿ âàëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà ïåðøå ì³ñöå. Îáñÿã âàëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà ñòàíîâèâ 3400,2 ìëí ãðí, ùî ó 1,7 ðàçó á³ëüøå ð³âíÿ ïîïåðåäíüîãî ðîêó, ³ ñêëàäàº ìàéæå 3% çàãàëüíîäåðæàâíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà. Ð³âåíü ðåíòàáåëüíîñò³ ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà çá³ëüøèâñÿ ç 7,6 % â 2005 ðîö³ äî 23,6 % â 2008 ðîö³. Çàâäÿêè ñïðèÿòëèâ³é ïîãîä³ òà ðîçøèðåííþ ïîñ³âíèõ ïëîù ñ³ëüãîñïòîâàðîâèðîáíèêè Ìèêîëà¿âùèíè äîñÿãëè âèñîêèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ç âàëîâîãî çáîðó ìàéæå âñ³õ àãðîêóëüòóð. Ó ïîòî÷íîìó ðîö³ çàê³í÷åíî çáèðàííÿ ðàíí³õ çåðíîâèõ êóëüòóð, ÿêèõ çà îïåðàòèâíèìè äàíèìè ç³áðàíî ïîíàä 2,5 ìëí ò. Çàâäÿêè åôåêòèâíîìó ðîçâèòêó ãàëóç³ ðîñëèííèöòâà, ïî÷èíàþ÷è ç 2007 ðîêó, â îáëàñò³ â³äì³÷àºòüñÿ ñòàá³ë³çàö³ÿ ÷èñåëüíîñò³ ïîãîë³â’ÿ õóäîáè òà ïòèö³. Òàêîæ ñïîñòåð³ãà-

ºòüñÿ çá³ëüøåííÿ ïîãîë³â’ÿ êîð³â ó ãîñïîäàðñòâàõ íàñåëåííÿ. Ïðîäîâæóºòüñÿ ðîáîòà ïî ñòâîðåííþ ì³í³-ôåðì ÷èñåëüí³ñòþ 5 ³ á³ëüøå êîð³â. Ðåçóëüòàòè ä³ÿëüíîñò³ àãðàðíîãî ñåêòîðà, à ñàìå: íàÿâí³ñòü íåîáõ³äíî¿ ñèðîâèííî¿ áàçè, çíà÷íî âïëèâàþòü íà ðîçâèòîê ï³äïðèºìñòâ ç âèðîáíèöòâà õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â òà íàïî¿â. Çà ï³äñóìêàìè 2008 ðîêó ðåàë³çàö³ÿ õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â òà íàïî¿â ñòàíîâèëà 29,6% ó çàãàëüíîîáëàñíîìó îáñÿç³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ïðîìèñëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿. 11 ñåðïíÿ 2009 ðîêó ââåäåíî â åêñïëóàòàö³þ ïåðåðîáíèé çàâîä ôåðìåðñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà «Îðãàí³ê Ñ³ñòåìñ» õîëäèíãó «Àãðîôüþæí». Ïðîåêòíà ïîòóæí³ñòü çàâîäó – 3 òèñÿ÷³ òîíí òîìàò³â íà äîáó (180 òèñÿ÷ òîíí íà ñåçîí). Ïóñê íîâîãî ï³äïðèºìñòâà äîçâîëèòü çá³ëüøèòè â Óêðà¿í³ îáñÿã âèðîáíèöòâà òîìàòíî¿ ïàñòè, ñïðèÿòèìå â³äíîâëåííþ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ òîìàòíî¿ ³íäóñòð³¿. – Îëåêñ³þ Ìèêîëàéîâè÷ó, à ÿê³ äîñÿãíåííÿ êðàþ ó ñîö³àëüí³é ñôåð³? – Îñíîâíèì òà íàéá³ëüø ïðîäóêòèâíèì íàäáàííÿì ó ñîö³àëüí³é ñôåð³ îáëàñò³ ñòàëè ñ³ëüñüê³ (ñåëèùí³) öåíòðè ïðàö³ òà ñîö³àëüíîãî çàõèñòó íàñåëåííÿ, ÿêèõ ä³º 307, ùî äàëî çìîãó íàáëèçèòè ñîö³àëüí³ ïîñëóãè áåçïîñåðåäíüî äî ì³ñöü ïðîæèâàííÿ ëþäåé. Íàéãîëîâí³øà êóëüòóðíî-ìèñòåöüêà ïîä³ÿ 2008 – 2009 ðð. – îáëàñíèé îãëÿä íàðîäíî¿ òâîð÷îñò³, ÿêèé ïðîâîäèòüñÿ íà âèêîíàííÿ Óêàçó Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè «Ïðî ôåñòèâàëü ìèñòåöòâ Óêðà¿íè». Ó êâ³òí³ ïîòî÷íîãî ðîêó çà ³í³ö³àòèâè îáëäåðæàäì³í³ñòðàö³¿ Ïðåçèäåíò Óêðà¿íè âèäàâ Óêàç «Ïðî ñòâîðåííÿ íàö³îíàëüíîãî ïðèðîäíîãî ïàðêó «Áóçüêèé Ãàðä», ïëîùà ÿêîãî ñòàíîâèòü 6138,13 ãà. Òðèâàº ñòâîðåííÿ íàö³îíàëüíîãî

In Mykolayiv’s region, for the first time in Ukraine, the providing of recipient-oriented help for families having many children was accomplished: 1,5 m hrn was given from the regional budget on the most necessary things for them.

ïðèðîäíîãî ïàðêó «Á³ëîáåðåææÿ Ñâÿòîñëàâà» (ðîáî÷à íàçâà «Ê³íáóðíñüêà êîñà»). Íàéá³ëüø çíà÷íèì äîñÿãíåííÿì ô³çêóëüòóðíî-ñïîðòèâíî¿ ãàëóç³ ñòàâ âèñòóï 22 ìèêîëà¿âñüêèõ ñïîðòñìåí³â íà ÕÕ²Õ Îë³ìï³éñüêèõ ³ãðàõ ó Ïåê³í³. Ç ïî÷àòêó 2009 ðîêó íà ÷åìï³îíàòàõ ñâ³òó òà ªâðîïè Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³ ñïîðòñìåíè çäîáóëè 12 çîëîòèõ, 4 ñð³áíèõ òà 9 áðîíçîâèõ íàãîðîä. – ×è ïðèä³ëÿºòüñÿ óâàãà ä³òÿì òà áàãàòîä³òíèì ðîäèíàì? – Ó Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é îáëàñò³ âïåðøå â Óêðà¿í³ çä³éñíåíî íàäàííÿ àäðåñíî¿ äîïîìîãè áàãàòîä³òíèì ñ³ì’ÿì: Ç îáëàñíîãî áþäæåòó âèä³ëåíî 1,5 ìëí. ãðí. äëÿ ïðèäáàííÿ íàéíåîáõ³äí³øèõ ðå÷åé äëÿ íèõ. Íà ö³ êîøòè äëÿ 186 ðîäèí ïðèäáàíî 11 áóäèíê³â, ïðîâåäåíî ðåìîíòè â 15 áóäèíêàõ, 9 áóäèíê³â ãàçèô³êîâàíî, äëÿ òðüîõ ðîäèí ñïëà÷åíî áîðãè çà êîìóíàëüí³ ïîñëóãè, ïðèäáàíî òðè çàñîáè ïåðåñóâàííÿ, äëÿ ³íøèõ áàãàòîä³òíèõ ðîäèí ïîáóòîâó òåõí³êó òà ïðåäìåòè âìåáëþâàííÿ. Çàçäàëåã³äü ïðîâåäåíî âåëèêó ðîáîòó: îáñòåæåíî âñ³ áàãàòîä³òí³ ðîäèíè, â ÿêèõ âèõîâóºòüñÿ ï’ÿòü ³ á³ëüøå íåïîâíîë³òí³õ ä³òåé, ïðè öüîìó îñîáëèâà óâàãà çâåðòàëàñü íà ò³ ðîäèíè, â ÿêèõ ä³òè ïåðåáóâàþòü â ñêëàäíèõ æèòòºâèõ óìîâàõ. Ó Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é îáëàñò³ óñï³øíî ïðîâåäåíî àêö³þ «Ç³ãð³é ëþáîâ’þ äèòèíó», ÿêà ïåðåäáà÷àëà íàäàííÿ äîïîìîãè ñ³ì`ÿì, â ÿêèõ 10 ³ á³ëüøå íåïîâíîë³òí³õ ä³òåé. Õî÷ó âàñ çàïåâíèòè, ùî ìè é íàäàë³ ïðîäîâæóâàòèìåìî àêòèâíó ïðàöþ ÿê â åêîíîì³÷í³é, òàê ³ â ñîö³àëüí³é ñôåðàõ. – Äÿêóºìî çà ö³êàâó ðîçìîâó. Áàæàºìî óñï³õó Âàì é óñ³ì æèòåëÿì Ìèêîëà¿âùèíè!

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Olexiy GARKUSHA:

Dear readers! I am pleased and honored to present the Mykolayiv region to you. Today our region takes the first place in Ukraine for the speed of its social and economic development, and we believe that Mykolayiv citizens will do their best to preserve our leadership in the future. One of the key tasks for the regional administration, besides economic development, was the improving of the social security level of Mykolayiv citizens. Since the goal of the authorities is not only to ensure economic success, but also to direct it to helping people. We pay special attention to our youth, as we clearly realize that now is the best time to cherish our future! I’m addressing big fans of travel: come to our picturesque land. In Mykolayiv region we have the regional landscape park «Granitesteppe lands of Buh», recognized by Ukrainians as one of the best corners of our country and called a natural wonder of Ukraine. Besides that we have a historical and archeological nature reserve «Olvia», where you can still find remains of the Zeus’ Mound and Apollo’s Temple. We plan to further develop tourism, by sincerely greeting those who are attracted to the magic of the native land. Today we openly say about the perspectives of investments in Mykolayiv region, as the conditions here are favorable not only for having vacations, but also for running a business. A winning geographical location, generous land, good infrastructure and high level of labor forces – all these factors will help you successfully develop your business. I’ll be honest with you: we are decisively aimed at converting our potential and competitive advantages into a real economic success. And we’ll do it by first of all creating the most positive investment climate. Thus, …be proud of our native land, …come to us, …invest in the Mykolayiv region! The Head of Mykolayiv Regional State Administration Olexiy GARKUSHA

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Mykolayiv region targets innovations Mykolayiv region is a wonderful land where hard-working and talented people live. So it isn’t strange that Mykolayiv region is considered to be one of the best in Ukraine. It’s quite fair to say that economic and social success is hard to achieve without professional management. Olexiy Garkusha is the Head of Mykolayiv Regional State Administration. «Image.ua» has consulted him about the life of the land.

– Olexiy Mykolaivich, at the end of the last year an investment forum was held, one of the tasks of which was to estimate the region’s economic potential. So why exactly is Mykolayiv’s region attractive to investors? – Mykolayiv region is attractive for investment; a region with considerable industrial, agricultural, transport, tourist, resort and recreational potential. It is all due to the natural and climatic conditions as well as a highly qualified labour force, perspective industrial and scientific base and a developed infrastructure. The region’s geographical position at the inlet of the inland water-ways, a branched powerful transit system, to which all kinds of transport belong (rail, sea, river, auto, air and pipeline), the presence of navigable water arteries – all this plays a leading role in additionally attracting national and international investments. There are about 3,800 industrial enterprises in the region. The main branches are machine building (shipbuilding in particular), food, processing and light industries, metallurgy and the production of ready-made metal wares, electroenergetics, agriculture, transport, building industry, tourism and recreation. The region’s industry provides Ukraine with more than 70% of the state production of gas turbines, more than 80% of the production volumes of alumina (raw material for the production of aluminium), about 10% of Ukraine’s electric power, 7% of cement and more than 45% of its fruit juices. Agriculture is a branch of material production in the region, which is the second largest and the first for employment.

The fertile southern peat soils of Mykolayiv region makes for a huge harvest of grain, grapes, vegetables, sunflowers and other cultures. The total area of agricultural land is 2 million hectares, from which 1,7 million hectares are ploughed fields or 5,2% of Ukraine’s ploughed land. The area of irrigated land is 190,3 thousand hectares or 8,7% of Ukraine’s irrigated land. LLC JV «NIBULON», one of the biggest manufacturers and exporters of the agricultural production of Ukraine operates successfully in the region. Nowadays, such companies with international names as PepsiCo and RusAl are successfully completing investment projects in the region, companies with foreign investments work effectively such as OJSC Wadan Yards Okean», CJSC «Laktalis Ukraine», OJSC «Yugczement», «SUN InBev Ukraine» and many others. – And what are the main forum conclusions and results, I mean, which other investors can be attracted to work in Mykolayiv’s region? – During the event, the region’s economic potential was presented as well as investment projects in different branches of industry, agricultural production and processing, transport, tourism and the recreational sphere. Some of these projects are already being realized. In August, 2009, FG (financial group) «Organic systems» of «Agrofusion» holding has placed in commission an intra-farm complex that processes tomatoes. The realization of this project, total cost 200 millions hrivnas, will allow us to renew the Ukrainian tomato industry and the infrastructure of fields, where tomatoes are

grown, in the south of Ukraine. Thanks to the start-up of a plant, 400 additional work places were created in the region and a full social package is guarantied to all workers. The project of construction in Ochmanivskyj district of a Southern-Ukrainian wind power station, having a capacity of 300 MW («EuroUkrWind» company), is at the stage of realization. This project got support from the government. The project’s realization will allow us to reduce consumption of natural gas by using renewable power engineering and attract 438,0 million euros of investment recourses, creating new work places. Due to the favorable investment climate in Mykolayiv’s region, LLC «Sandora» decided to put 40 million dollars into extending a choice of their own production by starting up a new production line pouring effervescent beverages with a capacity of 170 m l per year in manufacturing complex ¹ 2 in Mishkove-Pogorilove village, Mykolayiv’s region. It is planned to start up one more line, for the third quarter of 2009. After starting up two new lines, the capacities of the company will increase by 35% and reach 1,5 billion liters of production per year. On the order of LLC JV «NIBULON», 24 barges of mixed navigation (sea-river) will be built

at Mykolayiv’s shipbuilding plant «Wadan Yards Okean». 50% of «Wadan Yards Okean» plant’s personnel will be occupied in the barge’s construction during the year. As a part of a project, it is planned to build river terminals, barges, to build and purchase a towing fleet that consists of 14 river and sea towboats. – Tell me, please, do only the big cities of Mykolayiv’s region attract investors? – In less grand districts and cities of the region important projects are being realized. For instance, in such branches as animal industry, horticulture and vegeculture, the creation of new manufactures of food and processing industries and also tourist and recreational branches. The forum has allowed us to describe more precisely the directions of investment activity in the plans of the social-economic development of the region, to form and present an integrated database of investment projects and suggestions, vacant land plots and production areas of Mykolayiv’s region for the development of entrepreneurial activity. Mykolayiv’s region is an open region for mutually beneficial business partnerships and cooperation.

– In spite of the financial crisis, Mykolayiv’s region, according to the results of the first half year, is improving its rates. Due to what? – The economic crisis has captured all institutional sectors of the economy of the region, but the regional state administration has taken measures to avoid the negative influence of the crisis on the country’s economy. Orders are adopted, measures of which are aimed at overcoming the financial crisis; a monthly forecast of economic rates of the region’s development is introduced; regional conferences with spending units of local budgets are held monthly; two analytical groups were created for solving current problematic questions and their meetings on analysing the situation in the basic budget creating enterprises; meetings of the crisis center, controlling the cost situation of the consumer market, are held. Measures, taken by regional state administration are starting to give positive results in the economic and social development of the region those witnesses about the presence of the potential to renew the real sector of the economy of the region after negative and external shocks that the economy felt in January and February of 2009.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

The increase of production of industrial products in general throughout the region in July by 1,5%, in comparison with June, has happened due to the increase of production almost in all branches of the industrial complex of the region. The volumes of production have increased most in comparison with the previous month in light industry ( 1,7 times), chemical and petrochemical industry (by 20,8%). The positive moment is that the increase of production has taken place in such branches that have a considerable proportion in the general region’s volumes. Therefore, in metallurgy the volumes of production have increased by 3,9%, in machine building by 9,7%, in production of other nonmetal mineral production (building industry) by 8,3%. The resuscitation of industrial activity in all sectors of the economy of the region made for a slowing down in the rates of decreased production of industrial products from 26% in January of 2009 to 19% in July of this year. – Olexiy Mykolaivich, it is your quote: «the crisis should become a push for the creation of new directions of development of Ukraine». Tell us about these new directions in more detail. – The current financial-economic situation influences greatly the development of separate market participants. During the crisis enterprises that use more up-to-date innovative technology and release rival products work in a more stable way. In these conditions of increasing competition, a guarantee of successful business is the creation of new enterprises and new types of manufacture, the adoption of up-to-date technology and broadening choice of production.

reatly nt financial-economic situation influences the development of Nowadays, as a result of this investment wave, a new enterprise FG «Organic systems» has found its niche (high-technology production of tomato paste in Ukraine by means of creating a closed process cycle from cultivating tomatoes in southern Ukraine to its processing and realization); LLC JV «NIBULON» broadens its scope of activities by creating its own fleet; LLC «Sandora» introduces new types of production; LLC «Velam» is occupied with adopting innovative technology. Subsidiary enterprise «Mykolayiv’s sea trade port» placed in commission a port dispensing refrigeration complex with a capacity of 12 thousand tons and also a milling complex. In 2008, the resuscitation of the innovative activity of industrial enterprises has taken place in Mykolayiv’s region, the quantity of which has reached about 55 units that is two times as many as in 2007. Owing to the use of scientific research results and up-to-date technology, innovatively active enterprises are constantly improving their production and are occupied with diversification of manufacture, so they find new sale markets, even in conditions of crisis phenomena in the economy. The work of OJSC «Bashtanskyj cheese-factory», OJSC «Milk canning plant Pervomajsk», OJSC «Plant «Ekvator»», FG «Vladam» can be examples of positive activity in crisis conditions. So the regional state administration asks the representatives of small and medium business to concentrate their attention on the founding of innovation activity, retooling of production as a way of developing business. – You pay much attention to the agricultural complex of the region. What are

the achievements in this sphere? And what is planned for the future? – As our region is agricultural, the efforts of the regional state administration were aimed at increasing agricultural production, especially corn. As a result, for the last ten years the average annual production of corn has increased 1,3 times and now it exceeds 2,5 m tons. In 2008, agrarians have achieved record results and Mykolayiv’s region is the first among the country’s regions at the rates of increasing gross production. The volume of gross production of agriculture was 3400,2 m hrn that is 1,7 times more than the previous year’s level and is almost 3% of general state production. The level of profitability of agriculture has increased from 7,6% in 2005 to 23,6% in 2008. Owing to favorable weather and broadening cultivated area, the agricultural producers of Mykolayiv’s region have reached high results for almost all crop species. This year collecting rathe-ripe corn species is finished, according to short-term data, more than 2,5 m tons have been collected. Due to the effective development of the branch of plant cultivation, beginning from 2007, we note a stabilization of the numbers in the animal and bird population. Also the augmentation of the cow population is observed at people’s households. The work of creating mini-farms (5 and more cows) is being continued in the region. The results of the agricultural sector’s activity, namely the presence of needed raw material base, considerably affect the development of enterprises that produce food products and drinks. According to the results of 2008, the realization of food products and drinks was 29,6% in general regional volume of realization of industrial products.

У серпні 2009 року ФГ «Органік сістемс» холдингу «Агрофьюжн» ввело в експлуатацію внутрішньогосподарський комплекс з переробки томатів. Реалізація цього проекту дозволить відновити українську томатну індустрію та інфраструктуру полів з вирощування томатів на півдні України. In August, 2009, FG (financial group) «Organic systems» of «Agrofusion» holding has placed in commission an intra-farm complex that processes tomatoes. The realization of this project will allow us to renew the Ukrainian tomato industry and the infrastructure of fields, where tomatoes are grown, in the south of Ukraine.

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Під час відкриття сучасного підприємства по переробці томатів «Агрофьюжн» At the opening of Agrofusion, a modern tomato processing plant

The participation of 22 of Mykolayiv’s sportsmen in ÕÕ²Õ Olympic Games in Beijing became the most important achievement in the physical education and sports branches. From the beginning of 2009, Mykolayiv’s sportsmen have won 12 gold, 4 silver and 9 bronze medals on World and European championships. – Is some attention paid to children and families having many children?

На Миколаївщину завітав Митрополит Київський і всія України Блаженнійший Володимир His Beatitude Volodymyr, the Archbishop of Kiev and whole Ukraine paid a visit to Mykolayiv On August 11th, 2009, a processing plant of the farm enterprise «Organic Systems» of «Agrofusion» holding was placed in commission. The projected volume of the plant is 3 thousands tons of tomatoes per day (180 thousands tons per season). The starting up of this new enterprise, will allow us to increase the volumes of tomato paste’s production, making for a renewal of the Ukrainian tomato industry. Thanks to this 400 additional work places were created, a full social package is guarantied to all workers. – Olexiy Mykolaivich, what are the region’s achievement the social sphere? – Village labour centres and the social protection of population became basic and the

most productive achievements in the social sphere of the region. There are 307 centres of such types. It has allowed us to bring social service directly to people’s place of residence. The most important cultural and art event of 2008-2009 was a regional viewing of folk art that was held according to the Edict of the President of Ukraine «About the festival of arts of Ukraine». In April, this year, at the initiative of the regional state administration, the President of Ukraine decreed «About the creation of the national natural park «Buzkyj Gard»», the area of which is 6138,13 hà. Also we continue to create a national natural park «Svyatoslav’s Biloberizhia» (a working title «Kinburnska sand bar»).

– In Mykolayiv’s region, for the first time in Ukraine, the providing of recipient-oriented help for families having many children was accomplished: 1,5 m hrn was given from the regional budget on the most necessary things for them. With these funds, for 186 families 11 houses were bought, repairs were done in 15 apartments, gas was installed in 9 houses, for 3 families debts for housing and communal services were paid, 3 new means of transport were purchased, for other families having many children household appliances and furniture were bought. Before that much work was carried out: all families having many children, where five and more under aged children are being brought up, were inspected, special attention was paid to families, where children are in difficult living conditions. In Mykolayiv’s region the promotional event «Warm a child with love» was held, providing help to families, consisting of 10 and more under aged children. I want to ensure you that we are planning to continue further work in the economic as well as in social spheres. – Thank you for such an interesting talk. We wish you and all the residents of Mykolayiv’s region success!

Найголовніша культурномистецька подія 2008 – 2009 рр. – обласний огляд народної творчості, який проводиться на виконання Указу Президента України «Про фестиваль мистецтв України».

Ці книги видано на Миколаївщині These books are published in Mykolayiv

The most important cultural and art event of 2008-2009 was a regional viewing of folk art that was held according to the Edict of the President of Ukraine «About the festival of arts of Ukraine».

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Природно-ресурсний потенціал Á³ëüøà ÷àñòèíà Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ðîçòàøîâàíà â Ïðè÷îðíîìîðñüê³é íèçîâèí³, ³ ëèøå íà ï³âíî÷³ – â ìåæàõõ Ïðèäí³ïðîâñüêî¿ âèñî÷èíè. Ï³âí³÷íî-çàõ³äíóó ¿¿ ÷àñòèíó çàéìàº ë³ñîñòåïî-âà çîíà, ï³âäåííî-ñõ³äíó – ñòåïîâà. Êîðèñí³ êîïàëèíè åïðåäñòàâëåí³ ãîëîâíî íåâðóäíèì êîìïëåêñîì. Íà ï³âòüí³÷íîìó çàõîä³ ðîçðîáëÿºòüâíî÷³ ñÿ ðîäîâèùå í³êåëþ, íà ï³âíî÷³ º ðîäîâèùà óðàíîâèõ ðóä. ñîâîãî Çàãàëüíà ïëîùà ë³ñîâîãî ôîíäó ñÿãàº 70 òèñ. ãà. Äî ãîëîâíèõ ë³ñîâèõ ñò³ íàëåæàòü äóá, ïîð³ä Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ àêàö³ÿ á³ëà, òîïîëÿ òîùî. Îñíîâíà âîäíà àðòåð³ÿ îáëàñò³ – Ï³âäåíàìè ñåðåä ñåð ñåðåä åä óêðà¿íóêðà¿ óêð ðà¿ à¿íí íèé Áóã – òðåòÿ çà ðîçì³ðàìè ñüêèõ ð³÷îê. åêðåàö³éíèìè ðåÃîëîâíèìè ïðèðîäíî-ðåêðåàö³éíèìè ñóðñàìè º ìîðñüê³ ï³ùàí³ ïëÿæ³ ïðîòÿæí³ñòþ àíäøàôòè áåðåã³â ïîíàä 70 êì, ìàëüîâíè÷³ ëàíäøàôòè íèõ âîäîñõîâèù, âîäî ä ñõîâèù ù, Ï³âäåííîãî Áóãó ³ ÷èñëåííèõ åêñïëóà ó òà òàö³ ö éäæåðåëà ì³íåðàëüíî¿ âîäèè ç åêñïëóàòàö³éíèìè çàïàñàìè äî 1,0 òèñ.. ì3 íà äîáó, ãåîëîã³÷í³ çàïàñè ë³êóâàëüíèõõ ãðÿçåé, ãðÿ ðÿçå çåéé, çîêðåìà ç Ò³ë³ãóëüñüêîãî, Áóçüêîãî òà Áåðåçàíñüêîãî Áååðå ðåçà çàíñ çà íñüê üêîã üê îî îã ëèìàí³â ³ç çàïàñàìè ïîíàä 2 ìëí ì3. Êë³ìàò ïîì³ðíî êîíòèíåíòàëüíèé òèíå òè íåíò íòàë íò òàëüí üíèé èé ç ì’ÿêîþ ìàëîñí³æíîþ çèìîþ þ ³ ñïåêîòíèì ñïå ïåêîòí ïåêî êîîòíèì èì ïîïî ïî ñóøëèâèì ë³òîì.

МОВОЮ ЦИФР Дата утворення – 22 вересня 1937 року. Площа – 24,6 тис. км2. Населення – 1240,4 тис. осіб. Річки – територією області протікає 85 річок завдовжки понад 10 км. Ставки та водосховища – споруджено 128 ставків і 12 невеликих водосховищ. Склад області – 5 міст обласного значення, 19 районів, 4 міста районного значення, 17 селищ, 902 сільські населені пункти.

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Миколаївщина: портрет регіону

Natural and raw materials potential Most of the region of Mykolayiv is situated in the Prichernomorska lowlands of the Black Sea region and, only in the north does it lie within the Pridnieprovska highland (the Dnieper region). The northwestern part is an area of forest-steppe and the southeastern is a steppe. The minerals are represented mostly by a non-metallic complex. There are deposits of nickel in the north west and deposits of uranium ores in the north. The total area of forest resources amounts to 79 thousands hectares. The main forest trees are oaks, false acacia, poplars and others. The main natural-recreational resources are sand beaches more than 70 km long, picturesque landscapes on the banks of the Southern Bug and numerous water storage basins, sources of mineral water with commercial reserves up to 1,000 cubic meters per day, geological reserves of therapeutic muds, particularly Tilingulskij, Buzkij and Berezanskij firths with more than 2 million cubic meters of reserves. The climate is moderately continental with mild winters with little snow and hot and dry summers. The main water artery is the Southern Bug, which is the third biggest of the Ukrainian rivers.

IN THE LANGUAGE OF NUMBERS Date of creation – 22th of September 1937 Area – 24,6 thousands square km Population – 1 240,400 Rivers – there are 85 rivers in the region, length of each is more than 10km Ponds and ornamental waters –128 ponds were constructed and 12 small ornamental waters Structure of the region – there are 5 cities of regional importance, 19 districts, 4 cities of district importance, 17 villages and 902 rural population centers.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Миколаївщина – регіон, який має значний економічний потенціал, славиться працелюбними людьми, унікальними природними ресурсами та значним виробничим потенціалом

Економічна характеристика

³íåðàëüíî-ñèðîâèíí³ ðåñóðñè íà òåðèòîð³¿ Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ïðåäñòàâëåíî çíà÷íèìè çàïàñàìè êàìåíþ áóä³âåëüíîãî (á³ëüøå 627 ìëí. ì3), ãðàí³ò³â ç øèðîêîþ ãàììîþ êîëüîð³â ³ âèñîêèìè äåêîðàòèâíèìè âëàñòèâîñòÿìè (51,3 ìëí. ì3), êàìåíÿ ïèëÿíîãî (72,3 ìëí. ì3), öåìåíòíî¿ ñèðîâèíè (60,7 ìëí. òîí), ãëèíÿíî-÷åðåïè÷íî¿ ñèðîâèíè (48,1 ìëí. ì3), ï³ñêó áóä³âåëüíîãî (123,7 ìëí. òîí). Ïðîìèñëîâå çíà÷åííÿ ìàþòü òàêîæ ïîêëàäè âàïíÿê³â (16,4 ìëí. òîí) òà êàîë³íó (113,6 ìëí. ì3). Îñíîâíèìè ïðèðîäíèìè ðåêðåàö³éíèìè ðåñóðñàìè º ìîðñüê³ ï³ùàí³ ïëÿæ³ çàâäîâæêè ïîíàä 70 êì, äæåðåëà ì³íåðàëüíî¿ âîäè ç åêñïëóàòàö³éíèìè çàïàñàìè äî 1,0 òèñ. ì3 íà äîáó, ãåîëîã³÷í³ çàïàñè ë³êóâàëüíèõ ãðÿçåé á³ëüøå 2 ìëí. ì3. Îáëàñíèé öåíòð – ì³ñòî Ìèêîëà¿â. Ì³ñöåâ³ñòü, íà ÿê³é çíàõîäèòüñÿ ì.Ìèêîëà¿â, äîâãèé ÷àñ çíàõîäèëàñü ï³ä âëàäîþ òóðîê. Â³éíè çà öþ òåðèòîð³þ ñë³äóâàëè îäíà çà îäíîþ. Ðåçóëüòàòîì ðîñ³éñüêîòóðåöüêî¿ â³éíè 1768-1774 ðð. ñòàâ Êþ÷óêÊàéíàðäæèéñüêèé ìèðíèé äîãîâ³ð, çà ÿêèì äî Ðîñ³éñüêî¿ ³ìïåð³¿ â³ä³éøëè òåðèòîð³¿ Ï³âäåííî¿ Óêðà¿íè òà Ï³âäåííîãî Áóãó, ôîðòåö³ Ê³íáóðí, Êåð÷, ªí³êàëå. Íà òîé ÷àñ öå çàáåçïå÷óâàëî Ðîñ³¿ ïðàâî â³ëüíîãî ìîðåïëàâñòâà íà ×îðíîìó ìîð³ òà âèõ³ä ÷åðåç ÷îðíîìîðñüê³ ïðîòîêè. Çàêð³ïëåííÿ óñ³õ çàâîþâàíü ì³ã çàáåçïå÷èòè ò³ëüêè ñèëüíèé â³éñüêîâèé ôëîò. Òàê, ó ãèðë³ ð³÷êè ²íãóë 1788 ðîêó áóëî çàêëàäåíî íîâó âåðô. Äîâêîëà íå¿ ïî÷àëî ðîñ-

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òè ì³ñòå÷êî. ²ì’ÿ ñâîº âîíî îòðèìàëî çà ð³ê, ï³ñëÿ ïåðåìîæíîãî øòóðìó Î÷àêîâà ðîñ³éñüêèìè â³éñüêàìè ï³ä êîìàíäóâàííÿì Î. Â. Ñóâîðîâà. Î÷àê³â áóâ çäîáóòèé ó ãðóäí³ 1788 ðîêó, ó äåíü Ñâÿòîãî Ìèêîëàÿ, çàñòóïíèêà ìîðÿê³â. Íà éîãî ÷åñòü ³ íàçâàëè íîâå ì³ñòî. Ç ³ìåíåì Ñâÿòîãî Ìèêîëàÿ, îäíîãî ³ç ñàìèõ øàíîâàíèõ ñâÿòèõ íà Óêðà¿í³ òà â Ðîñ³¿, ïîâ’ÿçàíèé é ïåðøèé êîðàáåëü – 46-ãàðìàòíèé ôðåãàò «Ñâÿòèé Ìèêîëàé» áóâ ñïóùåíèé íà âîäó â ñåðïí³ òîãî æ ðîêó. Òàê, çàñíóâàííÿ,

МОВОЮ ЦИФР Миколаївська область займає площу 24,6 тис. кв. км, або 4,1% території України. Як окрема політико-адміністративна одиниця України, область була створена 22 вересня 1937 року, в адміністративному відношенні поділена на 19 районів, 5 міст обласного значення, 287 сільських рад.

ñòàíîâëåííÿ òà ïîäàëüøèé ðîçâèòîê ì³ñòà Ìèêîëàºâà ò³ñíî ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ç ä³ÿëüí³ñòþ âåðô³ íà ²íãóë³. Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü º ÷àñòèíîþ óí³êàëüíîãî ïðèðîäíîãî êë³ìàòó, ùî ñòâîðþºòüñÿ ï³âäåííîóêðà¿íñüêèìè ñòåïàìè ³ òåïëèì ×îðíèì ìîðåì. Îñíîâíèì ôàêòîðîì, ùî âèçíà÷àº ³íâåñòèö³éíó ïðèâàáëèâ³ñòü Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, º ¿¿ âèã³äíå

ãåîãðàô³÷íå ðîçòàøóâàííÿ: áëèçüê³ñòü äî âåëèêèõ ïðîìèñëîâèõ öåíòð³â ÄîíåöüêîÏðèäí³ïðîâñüêîãî ðåã³îíó òà âèõ³ä äî ×îðíîãî ìîðÿ. Çàçíà÷åí³ ôàêòîðè ñïðèÿëè òîìó, ùî ðåã³îí ñüîãîäí³ ìàº äîáðå ðîçâèíåíó òðàíñïîðòíó ñèñòåìó é ïîðòîâå ãîñïîäàðñòâî, à òàêîæ åêîíîì³÷íî âèã³äí³ ñõåìè ðóõó âàíòàæíèõ ïîòîê³â Íàÿâí³ñòü âîäíèõ àðòåð³é òà ïðèìîðñüêå ðîçòàøóâàííÿ òåðèòîð³¿ çóìîâèëè çíà÷íèé ðîçâèòîê ìîðñüêîãî òà ð³÷êîâîãî òðàíñïîðòó. Òðè ìîðñüêèõ, îäèí ð³÷êîâèé ïîðòè, äâà ïîòóæíèõ òåðì³íàëè ñêëàäàþòü ºäèíèé Áóçüêî-Äí³ïðîâñüêèé ìîðñüêèé òðàíñïîðòíèé âóçîë íà ï³âí³÷íîìó óçáåðåææ³ ×îðíîãî ìîðÿ. Íàâ³ãàö³ÿ â àêâàòîð³ÿõ ïîðò³â òðèâàº ö³ëèé ð³ê. Îñíîâíèé îáñÿã çàãàëüíîãî åêñïîðòó òà ³ìïîðòó ðåàë³çóºòüñÿ ÷åðåç ïîðòè.

èêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü – îäèí ç âèñîêîðîçâèíåíèõ ³íäóñòð³àëüíèõ ðåã³îí³â Óêðà¿íè. Äëÿ ïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó îáëàñò³ õàðàêòåðíà âèñîêà êîíöåíòðàö³ÿ ï³äïðèºìñòâ ó ï³âäåííîìó (ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ, ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ, êîëüîðîâà ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü) òà ï³âí³÷íîìó ðåã³îíàõ (åëåêòðîåíåðãåòèêà, ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ) îáëàñò³. Â çàãàëüíîäåðæàâíîìó ïîä³ë³ íà ÷àñòêó ïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó îáëàñò³ ïðèïàäàº 1,6% ðåàë³çîâàíî¿ ïðîìèñëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿. Äî ïðîâ³äíèõ ãàëóçåé ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ íàëåæàòü: õàð÷îâà ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü – íà áàç³ ïåðåðîáêè ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêî¿ ñèðî-

Economic characteristics

n the territory of Mykolayiv region mineral and raw material resources are represented by considerable stocks of building stones (more than 627 000 000 cubic meters), granite with a broad colour gamma and high decorative merit (51 300 000 cubic meters), sawn stones (72 300 000 cubic meters), cement raw materials (60 700 000 tones), clay and tile raw materials (48 100 000 cubic meters), building sand (123 700 000 tones). Chalkstone beds (16 400 000 tones) and kaolin beds (113 600 000 cubic meters) have also an industrial importance. The main natural recreational resources are sea sand beaches over 70 km long, springs of mineral water with operational reserves up to 1000 cubic meters per day, geological reserves of medical mud up to 2 000 000 cubic meters. Mykolayiv city is the regional center. The place where Mykolayiv is situated was under Turkish rule for a long time. Wars for this territory appear poll by poll. The RussianTurkish war in 1768-1774 resulted in the Kiychuk-Kainarjiski peace treaty, under which the territories of Southern Ukraine, Pivdennyi Bug and fortresses Kinburn, Kerch and Enikale moved away to the Russian Empire. It gave a right to Russia of free navigation on the Black Sea and an exit through the Black Sea channels. The necessity to consolidate their gains could ensure only a strong military fleet. Thus, a new wharf was founded in 1788 in the mouth of the Ingul river. A small city began growing around the wharf. This city got its name in a year, after the victorious storming of Ochakov by the Russian forces

Mykolayiv region has considerable economical potential, is famous for its industrious people, unique natural resources and a significant production potential under the command of Suvorov. Ochakov was conquered in December, 1788, at St. Mykola day, who was the sailors’ protector. The new city was named in his honour. With the name of St. Mykola, one of the most respected saints in Ukraine and Russia, came also the first ship – it was 46-gun frigate «Saint Mykola», that was launched in August of the same year. So, the foundation and further development of Mykolayiv were closely connected with the activity of the wharf on the Ingul.

IN THE LANGUAGE OF NUMBERS Mykolayiv region occupies an area of 24 600 square km, or 4,1 % of the territory of Ukraine. The region was created on September 22, 1937 as a separate political and administrative unit of Ukraine and it was divided in administrative aspect into 19 districts, 5 towns of regional importance and 287 rural councils.

Mykolayiv region is is blessed with a unique natural climate that is created by south Ukrainian steppes and the warm Black Sea. The main factor that determines the investment attraction of Mykolayiv region is its comfortable geographical position: proximity to the big industrial centers of Donetsk and near Dnipro region and an exit to Black Sea. Indicated factors helped the

region to have a well developed transport system and port economy and also profitable economical schemes of cargo traffic. The presence of water arteries and sea disposition of the territory led to an important development of sea and river transport. Three sea ports, one river port and two large terminals form the single Bug and Dnipro sea transport junction on the north coast of Black Sea. Navigation in the areas of the ports lasts the whole year. The main volume of general export and import moves through the ports.

ykolayiv region is one of the higher developed industrial regions of Ukraine. A high concentration of enterprises in the southern part (shipbuilding, machine manufacturing and nonferrous industry) and in the western part (electric power engineering and machine manufacturing) of the region is typical for the industrial complex. In state share the industrial complex of the region forms 1,6% of sold industrial production. The leading fields of industry are: food industry – the milk industry is developed on the basis of the processing of agricultural raw materials (JSC «LaktalisMykolayiv»). Considerable contribution in the general volume of food industry production belongs to such famous enterprises as LLC «Sandora», Mykolayiv branch of OJSC «San In Bev Ukraine», OJSC «Koblevo» and other. electric power engineering – the base of the energy branch of the region are «Yuzhnoukrainska NPP», AEC «Energoatom»;

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

âèíè ðîçâèíóòà ìîëî÷íà ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü (ÀÒ «Ëàêòàë³ñ-Ìèêîëà¿â»). Çíà÷íèé âíåñîê ó çàãàëüíèé îáñÿã ïðîäóêö³¿ õàð÷îâî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ íàëåæèòü òàêèì â³äîìèì ï³äïðèºìñòâàì ÿê ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà», Ìèêîëà¿âñüêå â³ää³ëåííÿ ÂÀÒ «Ñàí ²í Áåâ Óêðà¿íà», ÂÀÒ «Êîáëåâî» òà ³í. åëåêòðîåíåðãåòèêà – îñíîâîþ åíåðãåòè÷íî¿ ãàëóç³ ðåã³îíó º ÂÏ «Ï³âäåííîÓêðà¿íñüêà ÀÅÑ» ÍÀÅÊ «Åíåðãîàòîì», ÷àñòêà ÿêî¿ â çàãàëüíèõ îáñÿãàõ âèðîáíèöòâà åëåêòðîåíåðã³¿ äîñÿãàº 97,9%. ìåòàëóðã³éíå âèðîáíèöòâî òà âèðîáíèöòâî ãîòîâèõ ìåòàëåâèõ âèðîá³â – ãàëóçü ïðåäñòàâëåíà îäíèì ³ç íàéá³ëüøèõ ó ªâðîï³ ï³äïðèºìñòâ êîëüîðîâî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ – ÒÎÂ «Ìèêîëà¿âñüêèé ãëèíîçåìíèé çàâîä» (âèðîáëÿº á³ëüøå 1,4 ìëí. òîí ãëèíîçåìó íà ð³ê). Áëèçüêî 90,0% ñâîº¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ çàâîä åêñïîðòóº â ³íø³ êðà¿íè, íàñàìïåðåä äî Ðîñ³¿. ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ, ãîëîâíîþ ñêëàäîâîþ ÿêîãî º ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ – ó Ìèêîëàºâ³ çíàõîäÿòüñÿ òðè âåëèêèõ ñóäíîáóä³âíèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâà (ÂÀÒ «Äàìåí Ø³ïÿðäñ Îêåàí», ÄÏ «Ñóäíîáóä³âíèé çàâîä ³ì. 61 êîìóíàðà» òà ÄÀÕÊ «×îðíîìîðñüêèé ñóäíîáóä³âíèé çàâîä». Ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü îáëàñò³ çàáåçïå÷óº ìàéæå 40% ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ Óêðà¿íè, ïîíàä 70% äåðæàâíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà ãàçîâèõ òóðá³í, á³ëüøå 80% îáñÿã³â âèðîáíèöòâà ãëèíîçåìó (ñèðîâèíè äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâà àëþì³í³þ), áëèçüêî 10% åëåêòðîåíåðã³¿ Óêðà¿íè (çîêðåìà, áëèçüêî 21,5% åëåêòðîåíåðã³¿, âèðîáëåíî¿ àòîìíèìè ñòàíö³ÿìè Óêðà¿íè), 7% öåìåíòó, áëèçüêî 17% øê³ðè, âèðîá³â ç³ øê³ðè é ³íøèõ ìàòåð³àë³â òà ïîíàä 45% ôðóêòîâèõ ñîê³â. Íèí³ â îáëàñò³ óñï³øíî ðåàë³çóþòü ³íâåñòèö³éí³ ïðîåêòè êîìïàí³¿ ç³ ñâ³òîâèì ³ì’ÿì: PepsiCo, Dyckerhoff, SunInterbrew, ÐóñÀë.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

³ëüñüêå ãîñïîäàðñòâî – äðóãà çà îáñÿãàìè òà ïåðøà çà çàéíÿò³ñòþ òðóäîâèõ ðåñóðñ³â ãàëóçü ìàòåð³àëüíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà îáëàñò³. Âèðîáíè÷à ñòðóêòóðà ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà – ðîñëèííèöüêî-òâàðèííèöüêà. Ïðèðîäíî-êë³ìàòè÷í³ óìîâè òà ðîäþ÷³ çåìë³ îáëàñò³ ñïðèÿþòü ôîðìóâàííþ âåëèêîãî ïîòåíö³àëó àãðîïðîìèñëîâî¿ ãàëóç³, äîçâîëÿþòü îòðèìóâàòè âèñîê³ âðîæà¿ ïðàêòè÷íî âñ³õ ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêèõ êóëüòóð. Íàÿâí³ñòü ðîçâèíóòî¿

МОВОЮ ЦИФР Загальна площа сільськогосподарських угідь складає 2 млн га, 1,7 млн га з яких – орні землі, або 5,2% ріллі України. Питома вага області у виробництві сільськогосподарської продукції держави – понад 3%. Миколаївська область забезпечує 4,5% валового збору зернових та зернобобових культур України, 7,9% валового збору соняшнику. âëàñíî¿ ñèðîâèííî¿ áàçè äàº ìîæëèâ³ñòü åôåêòèâíî ïðàöþâàòè ï³äïðèºìñòâàì õàð÷îâî¿ òà ïåðåðîáíî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³. Îáëàñòü º åêñïîðòíî-îð³ºíòîâíèì ðåã³îíîì íà ï³âäí³ Óêðà¿íè. Âæå áàãàòî ðîê³â äèíàì³÷íî ðîçâèâàºòüñÿ çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ï³äïðèºìñòâ îáëàñò³, ÿê³ ï³äòðèìóþòü ä³ëîâ³ â³äíîñèíè ç ïàðòíåðàìè 124 êðà¿í ñâ³òó. Îñíîâó òîâàðíî¿ ñòðóêòóðè åêñïîðòó ðåã³îíó ñêëàäàþòü ïðîäóêòè ðîñëèííîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ, ïðîäóêö³ÿ õ³ì³÷íî¿ òà ïîâ’ÿçàíèõ ç íåþ ãàëóçåé ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, ìåõàí³÷íå òà

åëåêòðè÷íå îáëàäíàííÿ. Òîâàðíó ñòðóêòóðó ³ìïîðòó âèçíà÷àþòü ìåõàí³÷íå òà åëåêòðè÷íå îáëàäíàííÿ, ì³íåðàëüí³ ïðîäóêòè, íåäîðîãîö³íí³ ìåòàëè òà âèðîáè ç íèõ, ãîòîâ³ õàð÷îâ³ ïðîäóêòè, ïðîäóêö³ÿ õ³ì³÷íî¿ òà ïîâ’ÿçàíèõ ç íåþ ãàëóçåé ïðîìèñëîâîñò³. Ìèêîëà¿âùèíà – ðåã³îí, ÿêèé ìàº çíà÷íèé åêîíîì³÷íèé ïîòåíö³àë, ñëàâèòüñÿ ïðàöåëþáíèìè ëþäüìè, óí³êàëüíèìè ïðèðîäíèìè ðåñóðñàìè òà çíà÷íèì âèðîáíè÷èì ïîòåíö³àëîì, â³äêðèòèé äî ïë³äíî¿ ³ âçàºìîâèã³äíî¿ ñï³âïðàö³ ç óñ³ìà ïàðòíåðàìè â Óêðà¿í³ òà çà ¿¿ ìåæàìè.

world-wide brand companies like PepsiCo, Dyckerhoff, SunInterbrew, RusAl are nowadays successfully implemented in the region.

IN THE LANGUAGE OF NUMBERS The total area of agricultural lands forms 2 000 000 hectares where 1 700 000 hectares are arable soils or 5,2% of tillage of Ukraine. The specific weight of the region in state agricultural production is over 3%. Mykolayiv region provides 4,5% of gross yield of grain and leguminous cultures of Ukraine and 7,9% of gross yield of sunflowers. its share in general volume of production of electrical energy comes to 9,79%. metallurgical production and production of finished metal articles – the branch is represented by one of the biggest enterprises of nonferrous industry in Europe – LLC «Mykolayiv aluminous plant» (it produces more than 1 400 000 tones of argil per year). The plant exports near 90,0 % of its production to other countries, in the first place to the Russian Federation. machine building with the main component of shipbuilding – three big shipbuilding enterprises are located in Mykolayiv (OJSC

«Damen Shipyards Ocean», state enterprise «61 Communards shipbuilding plant» and «Black Sea shipbuilding plant»). The industry of the region provides almost 40% of the shipbuilding of Ukraine, over 70% of state production of gas turbines, more than 80% of argil production (raw materials for aluminium production), near 10% of the electrical energy of Ukraine (also near 21,5% of electrical energy is produced by atomic stations of Ukraine), 7% of cement, near 17% of leather, articles from leather and other materials and over 45% of fruit juices. Investment projects of

griculture is the second branch of material production of the region by volumes and the first – in the employment of manpower resources. The production structure of agriculture is cropgrowing and cattle-breeding. Natural and climatic conditions and the fat lands of the region are favorable for forming a high capability of agriculture and produce rich harvests of almost all agricultural crops. The presence of a developed raw materials base gives the possibility for enterprises of food and processing industries to work efficiently. The region is an export oriented territory in the south of Ukraine. External economical activity of region’s enterprises has developed very dynamically for many years. The enterprises of the region support business relations with partners from 124 world countries. The base of the export goods structure of the region is formed by the products of vegetative origins, production of chemical and related branches of industry and mechanical and electrical equipment. Mechanical and electrical equipment, mineral products, non-precious metals and articles from it, finished food products and production of chemical and related branches of industry determine the import goods structure. Mykolayiv region has considerable economical potential, is famous for its industrious people, unique natural resources and a significant production potential that is open for prolific and mutually beneficial collaboration with all partners both in and out of Ukraine.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Досягнення та плани на майбутнє

ðî öå âïåâíåíî ñâ³ä÷àòü öèôðè. Çà ï³äñóìêàìè ² ï³âð³÷÷ÿ 2009 ðîêó âîíà ïîñ³ëà 6 ì³ñöå ñåðåä ðåã³îí³â íàøî¿ äåðæàâè. Âèñîêèì ïîêàçíèêàì ðåéòèíãó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ñåðåä ðåã³îí³â Óêðà¿íè ñïðèÿëà íàñàìïåðåä ñòàá³ë³çàö³ÿ ñèòóàö³¿ ó ðåàëüíîìó ñåêòîð³ åêîíîì³êè, ó ñôåð³ ³íâåñòèö³éíî¿ òà çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³, ñîö³àëüí³é ñôåð³, ïîêàçíèê³â ô³íàíñîâî¿ ñôåðè.

ÄÎÑßÃÍÅÍÍß Ó ñôåð³ ðåàëüíîãî ñåêòîðà åêîíîì³êè çà ï³äñóìêàìè ² ï³âð³÷÷ÿ 2009 ðîêó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 7 ì³ñöå (ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2008 ðîêó – 16 ì³ñöå). Ñòàá³ëüíî âèñîêèìè çàëèøàþòüñÿ òàê³ ïîêàçíèêè: çà ³íäåêñîì îáñÿã³â ïðîìèñëîâîãî âèðîáíèöòâà ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2009 ðîêó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 5 ì³ñöå (àíàëîã³÷íèé ïåð³îä 2008 ðîêó – 25 ì³ñöå); çà ð³âíåì îïëàòè çà ñïîæèòèé ãàç çà ï³äñóìêàìè ñ³÷íÿ-÷åðâíÿ 2009 ðîêó îáëàñòü çàéìàº 1 ì³ñöå (ó ñ³÷í³-÷åðâí³ 2008 ðîêó – 5 ì³ñöå); Ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2009 ðîêó ó ñôåð³ ³íâåñòèö³éíî¿ òà çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 9 ì³ñöå. Ó ñ³÷í³-òðàâí³ 2009 ðîêó ò³ëüêè äâà ðåã³îíè Óêðà¿íè íàðîñòèëè îáñÿãè åêñïîðòó òîâàð³â – ì. Êè¿â (íà 3,5%) òà Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü (íà 2,1%). Çà öèì ïîêàçíèêîì îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 2 ì³ñöå. Ïåðåâèùåííÿ îáñÿã³â åêñïîðòó íàä ³ìïîðòîì çàáåçïå÷èëî ïîçèòèâíå ñàëüäî çîâí³øíüî¿ òîðã³âë³. Êîåô³ö³ºíò ïîêðèòòÿ åêñïîðòîì ³ìïîðòó â îáëàñò³ ó ñ³÷í³-òðàâí³ 2009 ðîêó ñòàíîâèòü 1,93 ïðîòè 1,52 çà àíàëîã³÷íèé ïåð³îä ìèíóëîãî ðîêó. Çà öèì ïîêàçíèêîì êîìïëåêñíî¿ îö³íêè Ìèêîëà¿âñüêà îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 7 ì³ñöå ñåðåä ðåã³îí³â Óêðà¿íè. Çà ð³âíåì îáñÿãó ³íâåñòèö³é ó æèòëîâå áóä³âíèöòâî îáëàñòü – íà 4 ì³ñö³. Ó ñôåð³ äåðæàâíèõ ô³íàíñ³â òà ô³íàíñîâèõ ðåçóëüòàò³â ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâ îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà ó ñ³÷í³-÷åðâí³ 2009 ðîêó 2 ì³ñöå, òîä³ ÿê çà àíàëîã³÷íèé ïåð³îä 2008 ðîêó – 7 ì³ñöå. Òàê, çà ð³âíåì âèêîíàííÿ äîõîä³â ì³ñöåâèõ áþäæåò³â, ùî âðàõîâóþòüñÿ ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ îáñÿã³â ì³æáþäæåòíèõ òðàíñôåðò³â, ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2009 ðîêó îáëàñòü ïîñ³äàº 1 ì³ñöå (ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2008 ðîêó – 4 ì³ñöå).

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Миколаївщина плідно працює і розвивається. Її з повним правом можна назвати однією з найкращих областей України.

Çà ð³âíåì çðîñòàííÿ ïðèáóòê³â ïðèáóòêîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ â³ä çâè÷àéíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ äî îïîäàòêóâàííÿ îáëàñòü ïîñ³äàº 4 ì³ñöå (121,8%), òîä³ ÿê çàãàëîì ïî Óêðà¿í³ ïðèáóòêè ïðèáóòêîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ çíèçèëèñü íà 19,6%. Çà ð³âíåì ðåíòàáåëüíîñò³ îïåðàö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâ îáëàñòü ïîñ³äàº 3 ì³ñöå (6,9%). Ó ñôåð³ ñîö³àëüíîãî ñåêòîðà ó ñ³÷í³÷åðâí³ 2009 ðîêó îáëàñòü âèéøëà íà 5 ïîçèö³þ (äîâ³äêîâî: ó ñ³÷í³-÷åðâí³ ìèíóëîãî ðîêó – 26 ì³ñöå) çàâäÿêè ñòàá³ëüíî âèñîêîìó ðîçâèòêó òàêèõ ïîêàçíèê³â: çà ð³âíåì ñòâîðåíèõ ðîáî÷èõ ì³ñöü îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 2-3 ì³ñöå ; çà òåìïîì çðîñòàííÿ ðåàëüíî¿ çàðîá³òíî¿ ïëàòè ó ² ï³âð³÷÷³ 2009 ðîêó îáëàñòü ïîñ³ëà 1 ì³ñöå; â Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é îáëàñò³ ìåíøèé, í³æ çàãàëîì ïî Óêðà¿í³, ð³âåíü çàáîðãîâàíîñò³ ç âèïëàòè çàðîá³òíî¿ ïëàòè íà åêîíîì³÷íîàêòèâíèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâàõ (5 ì³ñöå), à òàêîæ ð³âåíü çàáîðãîâàíîñò³ åêîíîì³÷íî àêòèâíèõ ïëàòíèê³â äî Ïåíñ³éíîãî ôîíäó (6 ì³ñöå).

ÏËÀÍÈ ÍÀ ÌÀÉÁÓÒÍª Îñíîâíîþ ìåòîþ ñîö³àëüíî-åêîíîì³÷íîãî ðîçâèòêó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ó ñôåð³ çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ º ðîçâèòîê åêñïîðòíîãî ïîòåíö³àëó îáëàñò³, ïîë³ïøåííÿ éîãî ñòðóêòóðè, çá³ëüøåííÿ îáñÿã³â ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòèö³é, àêòèâ³çàö³ÿ ì³æðåã³îíàëüíîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà, ðîçøèðåííÿ ðèíê³â çáóòó. Îñíîâíèìè çàâäàííÿìè ðîçâèòêó åêñïîðòíîãî ïîòåíö³àëó îáëàñò³ º: çá³ëüøåííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà âèñîêîòåõíîëîã³÷íî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ñóäíîáóä³âíî¿ òà ìàøèíîáóä³âíî¿ ãàëóçåé (ãàçîòóðáîáóäóâàííÿ); çá³ëüøåííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà ìàøèíîáóä³âíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ç âèñîêèì ñòóïåíåì îáðîáêè, à òàêîæ ³ç çàñòîñóâàííÿì êîìï’þòåðíèõ òà åëåêòðîííèõ òåõíîëîã³é; çá³ëüøåííÿ âèïóñêó ïðîäóêö³¿ õàð÷îâî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà íà îñíîâ³ ñó÷àñíèõ òåõíîëîã³é ïåðåðîáêè, çáåð³ãàííÿ, ïàêóâàííÿ, òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ òà ðåàë³çàö³¿ ïðîäóêö³¿; çàáåçïå÷åííÿ åêñïîðòíî¿ ñïåö³àë³çàö³¿ ó âèðîáíèöòâ³ âèñîêîÿê³ñíèõ áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àë³â òà ðîçøèðåííÿ áóä³âåëüíîìîíòàæíèõ ïîñëóã; çá³ëüøåííÿ îáñÿã³â åêñïîðòó ïðîäóêö³¿ àãðîïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó, âèíîðîáíî¿,

ë³êåðî-ãîð³ë÷àíî¿, ïëîäîâî-âèíîãðàäíî¿ òà îâî÷åâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ³ ïðîäóêö³¿ ïåðåðîáíî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³; ðîçøèðåííÿ ì³æíàðîäíèõ òðàíñïîðòíî-åêñïåäèö³éíèõ ïîñëóã ³ òðàíçèòíèõ ïåðåâåçåíü (àâòîìîá³ëüíèì, àâ³àö³éíèì, âîäíèì, çàë³çíè÷íèì òà òðóáîïðîâ³äíèì òðàíñïîðòîì), íàäàííÿ ïîñëóã ç ðåìîíòó ðóõîìîãî ñêëàäó òà òðàíñïîðòíîãî îáëàäíàííÿ; íàðîùóâàííÿ íàóêîâî-òåõí³÷íèõ ðîçðîáîê, ïàòåíòíî-ë³öåíç³éíî¿ òîðã³âë³, íîó-õàó, ³íæèí³ðèíãó, ïîñëóã ç ï³äãîòîâêè òà çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ïðîöåñ³â âèðîáíèöòâà ³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ç îáñëóãîâóâàííÿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ùî åêñïîðòóºòüñÿ; âïðîâàäæåííÿ åíåðãîîùàäíèõ òåõíîëîã³é àãðîïðîìèñëîâîãî òà ïîáóòîâîãî ïðèçíà÷åííÿ; ñïðèÿííÿ âïðîâàäæåííþ ì³æíàðîäíèõ òåõí³÷íèõ ñòàíäàðò³â ñåð³¿ ISO òà ïðàâèë ó âèðîáíèöòâî; ñïðèÿííÿ çàëó÷åííþ ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòèö³é â åêîíîì³êó îáëàñò³: ó÷àñòü â ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ôîðóìàõ â Óêðà¿í³ òà çà êîðäîíîì; íàäàííÿ ìåòîäè÷íî¿ äîïîìîãè ñóá’ºêòàì ãîñïîäàðþâàííÿ ó ïèòàíí³ ðîçðîáëåííÿ ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ïðîåêò³â, ÿê³ â³äïîâ³äàþòü âèìîãàì ñâ³òîâèõ ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ôîíä³â; çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ïîøèðåííÿ ³íôîðìàö³¿ ùîäî ³íâåñòèö³éíîãî ïîòåíö³àëó îáëàñò³ ³ç çàëó÷åííÿì ìîæëèâîñòåé òîðãîâåëüíî-åêîíîì³÷íèõ ì³ñ³é çà êîðäîíîì; îðãàí³çàö³ÿ âèñòàâêîâî¿ òà ðåêëàìíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ç ìåòîþ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ðèíêó çáóòó êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ òà âèñîêèõ òåõíîëîã³é; ðîçâèòîê òóðèçìó òà â³äïî÷èíêó.

Achievements and plans for the future

ccording to the first half of 2009, the Mykolayiv region took the 6th place among the regions of our country. The showings of the Mykolayiv region compared to other regions of Ukraine boosted due to the stabilization of situation in the real economy sector, the sphere of investment and external economic activity, the social sphere and indexes of the financial sector.

ACHIEVEMENTS In accordance with the first half of 2009, the Mykolayiv region took the 7th place (in the first half of 2008 – the 16th place) in the real economy sector. The next showings remain stable and high: by the index of industrial production volume in the first half of 2009, the Mykolayiv region took the 5th place (in the same period of 2008 – the 25th place); by the level of payment for gas consumed, the region takes the 1st place (according to the results of January-June 2009). In January-June 2008 – the 5th place); In first half of 2009, the region took the 9th place in the sphere of investment and external economic activity. In January-May 2009, only two regions of Ukraine increased their export volumes of goods –Kyiv (by 3.5%) and Mykolayiv regions (by 2.1%). By its showing, the region took the 2nd place. Excelling in export volumes over import assured a positive balance of external trade. In January-May 2009, export/import cover

The Mykolayiv region is working fruitfully and developing. It can be justly called one of the best regions of Ukraine. And figures can prove that. ratio in the region amounts to 1.93 against 1.52 in the same period of the previous year. By this showing, the Mykolayiv region held the 7th place among other regions of Ukraine. By the level of investment volume in the construction of residential real estate, the region took the 4th place. In the sphere of public finance and financial results of companies, the region took the 2nd place (in January-June 2009), while in the same period of 2008 it had the 7th place. Thus, by the level of execution of profits of local budgets, which are being considered while defining the volumes of internal budget transfers in the first half of 2009, the region takes the 1st place (in the first half of 2008 – the 4th place). By the level of earnings growth of profitable companies from regular operation before taxes, the region takes the 4th place (121.8%), when in total the earnings of profitable companies all over Ukraine decreased by 19.6%. By the level of profitability of operational activity of companies, the region takes the 3rd place (6.9%). In the social sphere in January-June 2009 the region took the 5th place (for reference – in January-June of last year – 26th place), due to sustainable development of figures as follows: by the number of openings (new workplaces), the region took the 2-3rd place; by the growth rates of real wages in the 1st half of 2009, the region took the 1st place; the Mykolayiv region registered the level of indebtedness of wages of economically active companies less than in Ukraine in general (5th place), as well as the level of indebtedness of economically active payers to the Pension Fund.

PLANS FOR THE FUTURE The main goal of social and economic development of the Mykolayiv region in the sphere of external economic activity is the development of the export potential of the region, the betterment of its structure, the increase of FDI, the activation of interregional cooperation and the expansion of its product markets. The key tasks of the development of export potential of the region are:

The increase in production of high tech products in the shipbuilding and machine building industries (gas and turbine building); The increase in production of machine building products with a high level of working, as well as with the use of computer and electronic technologies; The increase in production of goods in the food industry and agriculture, based on modern technologies of processing, safekeeping, packaging, transporting and realizing of products; The assurance of export specialization in the production of high quality building materials and the expansion of construction and wiring services; the increase in export volume of the agro-industrial complex, winemaking, alcohol beverage industry, fruit and vegetable products as well as the products of processing industry; The enlargement of international transport and shipping services as well as transiting (by cars, aviation, water, railway or turbine transport), rendering services of maintenance of transport equipment; The accumulation of scientific and technical development, patent and license trade, know how, engineering, services of preparation and assurance of production processes and realization of products, servicing the products that are being exported; The implementation of agro-industrial and domestic energy saving technologies; assistance in the implementation of international technical standards of ISO series and regulations for production; The contribution to attracting foreign investments in the economy of the region: the participation of Ukraine in investment forums in Ukraine and abroad; the provision of methodic help to companies for the development of investment projects, which meet the requirements of world investment funds; the assurance of spreading the word of the investment potential of the region by attracting opportunities of trade and economic missions abroad; The organization of exhibition and advertisement activities, aimed at providing the product market of competitive goods and high technologies; The development of tourism and recreational places.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

У вересні цього року мешканці славетного Миколаєва відсвяткували ювілей – 220 років зі дня заснування. Від щирого серця вітаємо як ювіляра, так і всіх причетних до нього, тобто жителів міста! Знайомимо наших читачів з цікавою історією та славним сьогоденням Миколаєва.

Миколаїв – місто корабелів Нині у Миколаєві живуть 504 тисячі осіб 35 національностей. Територія міста займає понад 120 км2. Ділиться на 4 райони: Центральний, Заводський, Ленінський, Корабельний. Миколаїв – це великий морський і річковий порт. І донині історики та краєзнавці ведуть численні дискусії, коли ж почали будувати місто, як виникла його назва, хто і як зводив військову верф і нове поселення.

Ç ÃËÈÁÈÍÈ Â²Ê²Â ²ñíóº âåðñ³ÿ, ùî ì³ñòî îòðèìàëî ñâîþ íàçâó íà ÷åñòü ïåðåìîãè ðîñ³éñüêèõ â³éñüê 1788 ðîêó ï³ä ÷àñ âçÿòòÿ òóðåöüêî¿ òâåðäèí³ Î÷àê³â, ùî çá³ãëàñÿ ç Äíåì Ìèêîëàÿ. Áóäóâàëîñÿ ì³ñòî çà ñïåö³àëüíî ñêëàäåíèì ðîñ³éñüêèì àðõ³òåêòîðîì ²âàíîì Ñòàðîâèì ïëàíîì – ç ïðÿìèìè âóëèöÿìè ³ êâàðòàëàìè ïðàâèëüíî¿ ôîðìè. Æèòòÿ Ìèêîëàºâà áóëî ïîâí³ñòþ ï³äïîðÿäêîâàíå ñóäíîáóäóâàííþ ³ ôëîòó. Ìàéæå ñòî ðîê³â òóò ðîçòàøîâóâàâñÿ øòàá ×îðíîìîðñüêîãî ôëîòó. Çà ãóáåðíàòîðñòâà Î.Ñ.Ãðåéãà ó ïåðø³é ïîëîâèí³ Õ²Õ ñò. ó Ìèêîëàºâ³ áóëî çä³éñíåíî ñïðîáó çáóäóâàòè âîäîã³í, ïî-

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

÷àëè ïðîêëàäàòè êàì’ÿí³ òðîòóàðè, îçåëåíþâàòè âóëèö³. Çäàâàëîñÿ á: ïðî ùî òóò ìîæíà ñïåðå÷àòèñÿ? Àëå â³äêðèòòÿ, ÿêèìè ïðîñòî âðàæàþòü íàñ ì³ñöåâ³ àðõåîëîãè, íåìîæëèâî ³ãíîðóâàòè! Âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, êîëè ùå âñÿ Çàõ³äíà ªâðîïà òóëèëàñÿ â íåçãðàáíèõ çåìëÿíêàõ, õàòèíàõ ³ ïå÷åðàõ, íà òåðèòîð³¿ Ìèêîëàºâà âèðóâàëî æèòòÿ òîðãîâîãî ìåãàïîë³ñà! Ãîðîäèùå «Äèêèé Ñàä» – ñó÷àñíèê Òðî¿ – ðîçòàøîâàíèé â ñàìîìó öåíòð³ Ìèêîëàºâà. Ïðèáëèçíî 3,5 òèñÿ÷³ ðîê³â òîìó ê³ììåð³éñüêèé íàðîä ìàâ òóò ñòîëèöþ, ðåã³îíàëüíèé öåíòð âåëèêî¿ òåðèòîð³¿ ì³æ Äóíàºì – Äí³ïðîì, ïîáåðåææÿì ×îðíîãî ìîðÿ ³ ï³âí³÷íèìè

ВИДАТНІ ЛЮДИ МІСТА OUTSTANDING PEOPLE OF THE CITY Григорій Потьомкін (1739–1791) Народження Миколаєва тісно пов’язане з його іменем. Він ініціював будівництво першої верфі на Інгулі. Їй він надавав особливого значення для подальшого розвитку Чорноморського флоту. Grigoriy Potomkin (1739-1791) The birth of Mykolayiv is closely connected with his name. Potomkin was the one, who initiated the building of the first dockyard on Ingul. He laid special emphasis upon it for the further development of the Black sea fleet. Федір Бредіхін (1831–1904) Астроном. Його дослідження з теорії кометних форм і походження періодичних комет та метеорних потоків здобули всесвітнє визнання. Fedir Bredihin (1831-1904) He was an astronomer. His investigations from the theory on forms of the comets and origins of the periodical comets and meteoric streams obtained world recognition.

ðàéîíàìè Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ ³ Îäåñüêî¿ îáëàñòåé. Òîìó íà ïèòàííÿ, ñê³ëüêè æ ðîê³â ï³âäåííîìó Ìèêîëàºâó, º ëèøå îäíà ïðàâèëüíà â³äïîâ³äü: çâè÷àéíî æ, 220 ³ ùå áàãàòî òèñÿ÷îë³òü!

Â²Ä ÌÈÍÓËÎÃÎ ÄÎ ÑÓ×ÀÑÍÎÃÎ 1862 ðîêó â Ìèêîëàºâ³ áóëî â³äêðèòî êîìåðö³éíèé ïîðò, ùî ñòàëî ïîøòîâõîì äî ïåðåòâîðåííÿ ì³ñòà íà çíà÷íèé åêîíîì³÷íèé ³ òîðãîâåëüíèé îñåðåäîê. Âæå íàïðèê³íö³ XIX ñòîë³òòÿ Ìèêîëà¿âñüêèé ïîðò ïîñ³äàâ òðåòº ì³ñöå ï³ñëÿ Ïåòåðáóðãà ³ Îäåñè çà îáñÿãàìè òîðã³âë³ ç ³íîçåìíèìè äåðæàâàìè, à çà åêñïîðòîì çåðíà, îñíîâíèìè ïîñòà÷àëüíèêàìè ÿêîãî áóëè ñòåïîâ³ ãóáåðí³¿, – òðèìàâ ïåðø³ñòü ó Ðîñ³éñüê³é ³ìïåð³¿. Ì³ñòî ñòàº âàæëèâèì ïðîìèñëîâèì öåíòðîì íà ï³âäí³ Óêðà¿íè. Ñüîãîäí³ â ñòðóêòóð³ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ Ìèêîëàºâà ãîëîâíå ì³ñöå ïîñ³äàº ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ ³ ìåòàëîîáðîáêà, ñåðåä ÿêèõ îñîáëèâî âèä³ëÿþòüñÿ ãàëóç³ ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ ³ åíåðãåòè÷íîãî ìàøèíîáóäóâàííÿ.

Ïðîìèñëîâ³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà ì³ñòà çàáåçïå÷óþòü äî 35% îáñÿã³â ïðîäóêö³¿ ñóäíîáóäóâàííÿ Óêðà¿íè, áëèçüêî 60% äåðæàâíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà ãàçîâèõ òóðá³í, 90% ãëèíîçåìó. Êð³ì âàæêî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, â ì³ñò³ òàêîæ ðîçâèíóòà õàð÷îâà ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü (îñîáëèâå ï³äíåñåííÿ â³äáóëîñÿ ï³ñëÿ 1991 ðîêó çàâäÿêè ³íîçåìíèì ³íâåñòèö³ÿì). Òàê, â Óêðà¿í³ òà çà ¿¿ ìåæàìè íåçì³ííó ïîïóëÿðí³ñòü ìàº ïðîäóêö³ÿ ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà», ÇÀÒ «Ëàêòàë³ñ-Ìèêîëà¿â», ÂÀÒ «ÑÀÍ ²íÁåâ Óêðà¿íà» (êîëèøí³é ïèâçàâîä «ßíòàð») òîùî. Ñåðåä íàéá³ëüøèõ Ìèêîëà¿âñüêèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ ìîæíà âèä³ëèòè òàê³: ÂÀÒ «Âàäàí ßðäñ Îêåàí» (ñóäíîáóä³âíà êîìïàí³ÿ), äåðæàâíå ï³äïðèºìñòâî ÍÂÊÃ «Çîðÿ»– «Ìàøïðîåêò», ÒÎÂ «Ìèêîëà¿âñüêèé ãëèíîçåìíèé çàâîä» (íàéá³ëüøèé âèðîáíèê ãëèíîçåìó â ªâðîï³) òà áàãàòî ³íøèõ. …Íå äèâíî, ùî Ìèêîëà¿â – ñïðàâæíÿ ç³ðêà ñåðåä óêðà¿íñüêèõ ì³ñò. ² ñëîâî «ç³ðêà» òóò – íå ëèøå ïîð³âíÿííÿ. Íà íåá³ ³ ñïðàâä³ ñÿº Ìèêîëà¿â – àñòåðî¿ä, ÿêèé â³äêðèëè íàóêîâö³ Êðèìñüêî¿ àñòðîô³çè÷íî¿ îáñåðâàòîð³¿.

Степан Макаров (1848–1904) Океанограф, полярний дослідник, кораблебудівник. Зробив значний внесок у розвиток океанографії . Сконструював один з перших батометрів (приладів для забору проб води). Stepan Makarov (1848-1904) He was an oceanographer, polar explorer, and shipbuilder. He made a considerable contribution to the development of oceanography. He also designed one of the first batometers. Микола Аркас (1853–1909) Український культурноосвітній діяч, письменник, композитор, історик. Найзначнішим твором Миколи Аркаса стала опера «Катерина» за поемою Тараса Шевченка. Mikola Arkas (1853-1909) He was a Ukrainian cultural and educational figure, writer, composer and historian. The most significant work of Mikola Arkas, which brought him recognition, was the opera «Katerina» based on the poem of Taras Shevchenko.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

АРХІТЕКТУРНІ ПЕРЛИНИ ARCHITECTURAL PEARLS

Citizens of the glorious Mykolayiv celebrated an anniversary in September this year – 220 years from the day of its foundation. From the bottom of our hearts we congratulate both the hero of the anniversary and everybody else, who participates in it, that is its citizens! So we want to acquaint our readers with the interesting history and success of Mykolayiv.

Римо-католицький костел Побудовано у так званий період еклектики (змішання класичного та романтичного стилів). Першим архітектором, що почав будувати в Миколаєві в цьому стилі, був Карл Акройд. Roman Catholic church It was built in a so-called eclectic period (mix of the classic and romantic styles). Karl Akrojd was the first architect who started to build in this style.

Кафедральний собор Свято-Різдва Богородиці Церкву зведено на пожертви миколаївських купців 1800 року. 1828-го до неї прибудовано два бічні вівтарі, і храм було затверджено міським єпархіальним собором. Cathedral of the Nativity Virgin This church was built on the donations of the Mykolayiv merchants in 1800. Two side altars were added to this church in 1828 and it was confirmed by the urban diocese cathedral.

Mykolayiv is a city of shipbuilders Nowadays 504 thousand people and 35 nations live in Mykolayiv. The city has a territory of more than 120 square km. It divides into 4 districts: Central, Factory, Lenin and Ship. Mykolayiv is a big sea and river port. Historians and regional ethnographers continually discuss when the building of this city started, how its name was found, by whom and how the navy yard and new settlement were built. FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE CENTURIES

Миколаївський яхт-клуб Збудований 1904 року. Його спроектував у стилі італійського ренесансу член яхт-клубу Леопольд Леопольдович Роде. Mykolayiv yacht club It was built in 1904. It was designed in the style of the Italian Renascence by a member of this yacht club Leopold Rode.

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There is a version, that this city was named in honour of the Russian army’s victory in 1788 while capturing the Turkish fortress of Ochakiv, which coincided with the St. Mykola’s Day. The city was built according to a plan, specially designed by a Russian architect Ivan Starov – with straight streets and blocks of a particular shape. The life of Mykolayiv was completely subordinated to shipbuilding and the fleet. The staff of the Black Sea fleet was situated here for almost a hundred years. In the first third part of

the XIX century, during the governorship of O.S.Greig, there was the first attempt to build a water supply system, building of stone pavements was started and the streets were planted with verdure. It could seem that there is nothing here to dispute about. But we can’t ignore all the great discoveries, made by the local archeologists! When all Western Europe was huddling in feeble dugouts, hovels and caves, the life of this trading megapolis was in full swing on the territory of Mykolayiv! The site of an ancient settlement «Wild Garden» – a contemporary of Troy – is situated in the centre of Mykolayiv. Formerly, 3200-

ВАРТО ВІДВІДАТИ

THESE PLACES ARE WORTH VISITING MUSEUM OF SHIPBUILDING AND THE FLEET

МУЗЕЙ СУДНОБУДУВАННЯ ТА ФЛОТУ Єдиний в Україні музей суднобудування і флоту відкрито в Миколаєві 1978 року. Старовинний будинок, у якому розташований музей, є пам’яткою історії та архітектури кінця XVIII – першої половини XIX ст. Побудований у стилі раннього російського класицизму, він служив канцелярією та помешканням головних командирів Чорноморського флоту протягом 1794–1900 рр. Музей розміщується у дванадцяти залах і налічує близько трьох тисяч експонатів. Особливий інтерес викликає експозиція з історії флоту запорізьких козаків, їх героїчної боротьби за вихід у Чорне море і закріплення на його берегах. Значна частина зібрання розкриває діяльність миколаївських суднобудівних підприємств, починаючи з першої, закладеної 1788 року Інгульської верфі, завдяки якій з’явилося на карті Європи корабельне місто Миколаїв, назване на честь Святого Миколая, покровителя моряків. За роки свого існування музей прийняв майже два мільйони відвідувачів і став справжньою візитною карткою корабельного краю.

3500 years ago, the Cimmerian nation had a capital here, the regional center of a great territory between Danube-Dnipro, the coast of the Black sea and northern districts of Mykolayiv and Odessa region. That is why there is only one correct answer to the question: how old is Mykolayiv? – of course, 220 years old and many millenniums more!

FROM THE PAST TO PRESENT TIMES In 1862 a commercial port was opened in Mykolayiv, it was an impulse for the city to

become a significant economic and trading centre. Already at the end of XIX century Mykolayiv port occupied third place after Petersburg and Odessa in volume of trade with foreign countries and the first place in the Russian empire in export of grain, the main suppliers of which were the steppe provinces. The city becomes an important industrial centre in the south of Ukraine. Nowadays machinery construction and metalworking production occupied the main place in the structure of Mykolayiv’s industry, shipbuilding and power machinery construction especially stand out against them. The industrial enterprises of the city ensure almost 35% of the shipbuilding volume of production in Ukraine, nearly 60% of the state production of gas turbines, 90% of the alumina. The food industry is also developed in Mykolayiv (especial raising happened after

The only museum of shipbuilding and the fleet in Ukraine was built in Mykolayiv in 1978. The ancient building, where this museum is situated, is a monument of history and architecture of the end of the XVIII – first part of the XIX century. It was built in the style of the early Russian classicism and was a chancellery and the apartment of the cheif commanders of the Black sea fleet during 1794-1900. The exhibition of the museum is situated in twelve halls and consists of almost three thousands museum articles. The displays from the history of the Zaporizhian cossacks’ fleet, their heroic struggle for an outlet to the Black Sea and consolidation on its shores excite the biggest interest in this museum. A big part of the exhibition shows the activity of the Mykolayiv shipbuilding enterprises, starting with the first Ingulsk shipyard, founded in 1788, thanks to which, a ship city Mykolayiv appeared on the map of Europe, named after St.Mykola, patron of all sailors. This museum received more than two million visitors during two years of its existence and became a real business card of this ship land.

1991 thanks to foreign investment), – thus, the products of the limited liability company «Sandora», closed joint-stock company «Laktalis-Mykolayiv», open-end company «SAN InBev Ukraine» (former beer factory «Jantar») are rather popular both in Ukraine and abroad. The open-end company «Vadan Jards Ocean» (shipbuilding company), state enterprise NVKG «Zorja»-«Mashproject», open-end company «Mykolayiv alumina factory» (the biggest producer of aluminium in Europe) and many other are among the biggest enterprises in Mykolayiv, which are working effectively. …It is no wonder that Mykolayiv is a real star among other cities. And the word «star» isn’t just a comparison. Mykolayiv is really shining in the sky – it is an asteroid, which was discovered by the scientists from the Crimean astrophysical observatory.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Гранітно-степове Побужжя – одне з чудес України Справжньою перлиною для туристів є регіонально-ландшафтний парк «Гранітно-степове Побужжя», розташований у межах Первомайського, Доманівського, Арбузинського, Вознесенського, Братського, Врадіївського районів Миколаївської області.

оолину ол лин ину річки рріічкки Південний Півд Пі вден енни ннниий ий Буг Бууг недарма неедааррм ма вважають ввв важаю ажаю аж ають ть ооднією ддннніієією з на ннаймальовничіайм йм мал альоовн вниииччі ших природних «перлин» України. Але мало хто знає про дивовижні річки Мертвовод та Арбузинку, які є притоками Південного Бугу. І хоч їхня течія не така стрімка, однак за мільйони років ці маленькі річки створили неповторний каньйон, від милування яким захоплює дух. Годинами можна дивитися на цей витвір мистецтва, створений природою. Площа парку складає понад 6 тис. га. Майже 40 км тече Південний Буг у крутих кам’янистих берегах, утворюючи вузьку (300-400 м) каньйоноподібну долину. Величні гранітні скелі іноді сягають 40-50 м завширшки, русло річки порожисте з водоростями та острівцями. Місцева фауна нараховує близько 900 видів рослин, 27 з них занесено до Червоної книги України, 4 – до Європейського Червоного списку. Скажімо, мерінгія бузька, чиї тендітні темно-зелені подушечки з зірочками білих квітів туляться до прямовисних скель в неприступних місцях каньйонів Південного Бугу. Тут також водиться унікальна риба – марена дніпровська – дивовижно красива, сильна тварина, для якої, на жаль, це останній притулок на Землі. Гранітно-степове Побужжя – одна з найдавніших ділянок суші Євразії, яка не поринала в морські глибини вже протягом 60 мільйонів років. Звідси значна кількість унікальних об’єктів живої природи, реліктів та ендеміків. За своїм статусом регіонально-ландшафтний парк «Гранітно-степове Побужжя» має унікальний рекреаційно-оздоровчий потенціал. Тут зосереджено значні запаси лікувальних родонових вод.

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The regional landscape park «Granite-steppe lands of Bug», located within Pervomaysk, Domanivsk, Arbuzynsk, Voznesensk, Bratsk and Vradiivsk districts of the Mykolayiv region, is a true pearl for tourists.

Granite-steppe lands of Bug – one of the Ukrainian miracles

he valley of the Southern Bug is fairly considered to be one of the best natural «pearls» of Ukraine. But not everyone is aware of the marvelous rivers Mertvovod and Arbuzynka, tributaries of the Southern Bug. Even though the flow of these rivers isn’t that strong, in millions of years these small rivers have created an unforgettable canyon, making you hold your breath. One can look at this masterpiece, designed by nature itself, for hours. The area of the park is above 6,000 hectares. The Southern Bug flows for almost 40 kilometers between steep and rocky banks, forming a narrow (300-400 m) canyon-like valley. Majestic granite rocks sometimes reaching 40-50 m in width; the channel of the river is full of rapids with water plants and islands. The local fauna comprises around 900 species of plants, 27 of which are registered in the Red Book of

Ukraine, 4 – in the European Red List (for instance, the sandwort of Bug, which dark green cushions with stars of white flowers lean on plumb rocks in impregnable parts of canyons of the Southern Bug). Here you’ll also find a unique fish – the Dnipro madder – miraculously beautiful, strong animal, for which this shelter is the last one on Earth. The Granite-steppe lands of Bug are one of the oldest plots of land of Eurasia’s terra, which has not plunged into a marine depth for 60 million years. That explains a significant amount of unique objects of wildlife, relics and endemics. By its status, the regional landscape park «Granite-steppe lands of Bug» has a unique reactionary and curative potential. Here you’ll find considerable reserve of healthy thiocyanogen waters.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

АНТИЧНЕ МІСТО ОЛЬВІЯ 30

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Місто-держава Ольвія було засноване грецькими переселенцями на початку VI cт. до н. е. і проіснувало майже тисячу років. Ольвію згадували у своїх творах багато давніх авторів, зокрема, Геродот, Діон Хрисостом. Місто входило до Афінського морського союзу. За доби найбільшого розквіту територія міста сягала 55 га, його некрополя – до 500 га, а на берегах Бузького, Дніпровського та Березанського лиманів розташувалися півтори сотні поселень, що складали сільські околиці міста. Протягом всієї своєї історії Ольвія була тісно пов’язана і з античним світом, і з місцевим, так званим варварським оточенням. Місто поділялося на гористу й долинну частини, було оточене міцними мурами й оборонними вежами, мало прямолінійне планування. Його забудову складали криті черепицею кам’яні споруди громадського, житлового, господарського та виробничого призначення (деякі з мозаїчними подвір’ями). Майдани й центральні вулиці, вимощені кам’яними плитами, прикрашали статуї богів і героїв, різьблені в камені портрети заслужених городян та мармурові плити з декретами управи міста-держави. У І ст. н.е. Ольвія перебувала в залежності від скіфських царів – Фарзоя і Інексімея. У ІІ ст. н.е. була під владою Риму. У ІІІ ст. її зруйнували готи. На початку IV ст. напади гунів привели до остаточного знищення Ольвії.

The ancient town of Olvia A city-state Olvia was founded by Greek settlers in the beginning of the 6th century B.C. and existed almost for one thousand years. Many ancient authors in their works mentioned Olvia – Derodot, Lion Hristoma, in particular. The town was a part of the Athenian sea union. At the times of its prosperity the territory of the town reached 55 hectares and its necropolis – up to 500 hectares, on the banks of Buzkij, Dnieprovskij and Berezanskij firths one hundred fifty rural settlements were situated, that were a part of the rural suburbs. During all its history Olvia was closely related to the ancient world, as well as to the local socalled barbarous neighbors. Olvia was divided into mountainous and valley parts, it was surrounded by strong walls and towers, had a rectangular plan and was made-up of tiled stone buildings for public, housing, household and manufacturing purposes (some of them with mosaic yards). Squares and central streets, paved with flagstones, were decorated with statues of gods and heroes, carved portraits of honoured citizens and marble gravestones with decrees of the city-state’s administration. During the 1st century A. D., Olvia was dependent from Scythian rulers – Farzoi and Ineximei. In the 2nd century A. D., it was under Rome’s control. In the 3rd century, the Goths sacked it. In the beginning of the 4th century, Hun attacks totally destroyed Olvia.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Там, де палає коса – море... Кінбурнська дивовижне місце для відпочинку

À ÂÈ ÁÀ×ÈËÈ, ßÊ ÌÎÐÅ ÃÎÐÈÒÜ? Ê³íáóðíó âàæêî ä³ñòàòèñü ñóõîäîëîì. Àëå âàðòî çàçíà÷èòè, ùî çâ³äñè – ³ ãîëîâíà ñüîãîäí³øíÿ ïåðåâàãà êîñè. Òóò º ïðàêòè÷íî âñå, ÷îãî íåìàº â ì³ñò³, òóò íåìàº í³ÿêèõ ë³ì³ò³â íà ÷èñòó âîäó, ï’ÿíêå ïîâ³òðÿ, ïðàäàâí³ êâ³òè ³ äåðåâà, çåëåí³ ëóêè ³ ñâ³òë³ îçåðà, ïòàñòâî òà çâ³ðèíó. Îñü äâ³ öèôðè: 465 ³ 4710. Ïåðøà – ê³ëüê³ñòü âèä³â ðîñëèííîñò³, äðóãà – ïðåäñòàâíèê³â ôàóíè. Áàãàòî ùî çàíåñåíî â ×åðâîíó ³ Çåëåíó êíèãè Óêðà¿íè, â ªâðîïåéñüêèé ×åðâîíèé ñïèñîê. ßêùî ó òðàâí³ öâ³òå îðõ³äåÿ – òî ö³ëèì íåîñÿæíèì ïîëåì. ßêùî íåðåñòèòüñÿ ðèáà – òî êèøèòü ó âîä³ ÷èñëåííèõ çàòîê ï³âîñòðîâà. Îñíîâíèé ë³ñîâèé ìàñèâ – âèñàäæåíà â äðóã³é ïîëîâèí³ ìèíóëîãî ñòîë³òòÿ ñîñíà. À ùå êðàñåí³ äóáè, îñèêîâ³ é â³ëüõîâ³ ãà¿,

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

óí³êàëüíà áåðåçà äí³ïðîâñüêà. Ì³æ ñèâèõ õâèëü êîâèëè – áë³äî-çåëåí³ îñòð³âö³ ïð³ñíèõ âîäîéì. À â ñîëîíèõ îçåðàõ, ÿê³ áëèæ÷å äî ìîðÿ òà ßãîðëèöüêî¿ çàòîêè, – ïîâíî êåôàë³. …À ùå – òóò «ãîðèòü» ìîðå! Ñ³äàº ñîíöå, ³ á³ëî-âîãíåíí³ ïàñìà ëèæóòü ïðèáåðåæíèé ï³ñîê, âîäà ³ç ïðèãîðù ðîçñèïàºòüñÿ ñîòíÿìè ä³àìàíòîâèõ áðèçîê.

ËÅÃÅÍÄÈ Ê²ÍÁÓÐÍÑÜÊÎ¯ ÊÎÑÈ Ö³êàâå öå ì³ñöå ³ òèì, ùî ñàìå ñþäè íåñå ñâî¿ âîäè Äí³ïðî. À ïðèðîäà í³áè ïîçíà÷èëà ìåæó ïåðåäà÷³ äí³ïðîâèõ õâèëü ìîðþ ï³íÿâîþ ë³í³ºþ, ÿêà òÿãíåòüñÿ â³ä Î÷àêîâà äî Ê³íáóðíñüêî¿ êîñè. Çà ëåãåíäîþ, á³ëÿ áåðåã³â êîñè â³äáóëàñÿ ãðàíä³îçíà ìîðñüêà áèòâà, â ÿê³é ïåðå-

ìîãó çäîáóâ Àõ³ëë ³ íà öþ ÷åñòü âëàøòóâàâ óðî÷èñò³ àòëåòè÷í³ ³ãðè, ï³ñëÿ ÷îãî ãðåêè ïî÷àëè íàçèâàòè êîñó Àõ³ëë³â Á³ã. Çà ³íøèìè ïåðåêàçàìè, â öüîìó ì³ñö³ ï³äíîñèâñÿ âåëè÷íèé õðàì Äåìåòðè – áîãèí³ çåìëåðîáñòâà ³ ðîäþ÷îñò³. Ùå îäíà ëåãåíäà ðîçïîâ³äàº, ùî íà êîñ³ ðîçì³ùóâàâñÿ ñâÿùåííèé ãàé áîãèí³ Ì³ñÿöÿ, ÷àêëóí³â ³ ïðèâèä³â Ãåêàòè. …Íà Ê³íáóðíñüêîìó ï³âîñòðîâ³ áëèçüêî 300 îçåð ç ñîëîíîþ ³ ïð³ñíîþ âîäîþ. Ó äàâíèíó ñþäè çà ñ³ëëþ ïðè¿çäèëè ÷óìàêè, ïðî ùî ñâ³ä÷àòü ÷óìàöüê³ ï³ñí³. Íà Ê³íáóðí³ º îçåðà ç ë³êóâàëüíèìè ãðÿçÿìè. Ó ñïåêîòí³ ëèïíåâ³ ³ ñåðïíåâ³ äí³ äî öèõ îçåð òÿãíóòüñÿ âåðâå÷êîþ þðìè ëþäåé, ÿê³ ïîòðåáóþòü ë³êóâàííÿ çàõâîðþâàíü íà îñòåîõîíäðîç. Ê³íáóðíñüêà êîñà – ì³ñöå, ÿêå âàðòî â³äâ³äàòè!

The place where the sea burns Kinburn spit is a wonderful place for rest It is difficult to get on Kinburn by the upland. But we should mention that this adds nowadays to the value of the spit, it has almost everything, what a city doesn’t have, it has no limits in water, heady air, ancient flowers and trees, green meadows and clear lakes, birds and animals. Here are two numbers: 465 and 4710. The first one is the quantity of kinds of verdures, the second one are representatives of fauna. A lot of them are put down into the Red and Green books of Ukraine and the European Red list. If orchid blossoms in May, it covers boundless fields. If fish spawn, the water boils in numerous bays of the peninsula. The main forest expanse is of a pine-tree, planted in the second half of the past century; and also beautiful oak trees, aspen and alder groves, unique groups of the Dnepr birch. There are feather grasses among hoary waves – pale

green islets of fresh lakes. And there are grey mullets in salt lakes, situated nearer to the sea and Jagorlick bay. …And also – the sea «burns» here! Sun sets, and white-flaming strands lick thecoastal sand, water from handfuls spill in hundreds of round diamonds. This place is also interesting because the great river Dnipro ends here. It seems like nature has fixed the border of the Dnipro waters ending by a frothy line, which extends from Ochakiv to the Kinburn spit. …There are approximately 300 lakes with salt and fresh water on the Kinburn peninsula. Tchoomaks came here in past centuries, the tchoomak’s songs can confirm this. There is a lake with medicinal mud on Kinburn. People, who need treatment of osteochondrosis sweep like a chain to these lakes in hot July and August days.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Школа бизнеса по-НИБУЛОНовски 34 4

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Алексей Вадатурский – Герой Украины Oleksiy Vadaturskyy – a Hero of Ukraine

6 фактов о «НИБУЛОНе» ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» – ровесник независимой Украины. Предприятие образовано в 1991 году. Учредитель и бессменный руководитель предприятия – Герой Украины Алексей Афанасьевич Вадатурский. ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» является одним из крупнейших отечественных производителей и экспортеров сельскохозяйственной продукции (пшеница, ячмень, кукуруза, рожь, подсолнечник и др.). По мере своего развития предприятие планомерно расширяет географию и масштабы производственной деятельности. Качество выращенной продукции отвечает самым строгим требованиям как украинских, так и зарубежных потребителей. ВИЗИТКА Некоторые из наград генерального директора ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» Алексея ВАДАТУРСКОГО За выдающийся личный вклад коллектив во главе с генеральным в укрепление потенциала директором «НИБУЛОНа» агропромышленного комплекса, органиА.А.Вадатурским удостоен Государзацию и обеспечение достижения стабиль- ственной премии Украины. но высоких показателей в производстве сельскохозяйственной продукции, развиГенеральный директор ООО СП тие социальной сферы Алексею Вадатур«НИБУЛОН» А.А.Вадатурский награжден скому присвоено звание Героя Украины дипломом «Человек года Николаевщиныс вручением ордена Державы. 2007» в номинации «Благотворительность» за внедрение в жизнь За архитектуру перегрузочного терминала гуманитарных программ, предоставлесельскохозяйственного предприятия ние материальной помощи социально«НИБУЛОН» в городе Николаеве авторский культурным учреждениям области.

Предприятие имеет 36 филиалов, расположенных в 11 областях Украины. Уборка урожая проводится в предельно сжатые сроки и с минимальными потерями. В местах первичного накопления урожая формируются товарные партии зерна, отобранные по показателям качества и хозяйственному назначению. 35

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Елена ПЕРШИНА

ÄÅËÀ ÐÅÄÀÊÒÎÐÑÊÈÅ, ÈËÈ ÊÀÊ ÂÑÅ ÍÀ×ÈÍÀËÎÑÜ Åñòü ó æóðíàëèñòîâ òàêîå óñòîÿâøååñÿ ïðåäñòàâëåíèå: òåìà âûâåçåò. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî, ìîë, äîñòàòî÷íî ñäåëàòü ãåðîåì ìàòåðèàëà ëåãåíäàðíóþ ëè÷íîñòü – è ñòàòüÿ âûéäåò îòëè÷íîé! Êàþñü, ïðèìåðíî òàê ÿ è äóìàëà, êîãäà íàïðîñèëàñü íà èíòåðâüþ ñ Àëåêñååì Âàäàòóðñêèì – ãåíåðàëüíûì äèðåêòîðîì ÎÎÎ ÑÏ «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ». Êàê æå! Ðàçâå Ãåðîé Óêðàèíû íå ðàññêàæåò ìíå ìàññó èíòåðåñíûõ âåùåé: î æèçíè, î «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍå», î ñåáå?.. Îí è ðàññêàçàë, òîëüêî ñ íåêîòîðîé ãîðå÷üþ â ãîëîñå äîáàâèë: «Æóðíàëèñòû çàäàþò îäíè è òå æå âîïðîñû. Ìíå óæå ñêó÷íî íà íèõ îòâå÷àòü. Åñëè õîòèòå ïî-íàñòîÿùåìó èíòåðåñíûé è ïðàâäèâûé ìàòåðèàë, ïðèåçæàéòå ê íàì – ïîîáùàéòåñü ñ ëþäüìè, ïîñìîòðèòå íàøè ñòðîéêè. ß ïî æèçíè è â áèçíåñå âñåãäà èäó ñâîåé äîðîãîé, ïîýòîìó íå õîòåë áû, ÷òîáû â ïðåññå ïîñòîÿííî ïîâòîðÿëîñü òî, ÷òî óæå íå ðàç ñêàçàíî…» ×åñòíî ãîâîðÿ, ìíå è ñàìîé î÷åíü çàõîòåëîñü óâèäåòü: êàê æå ðàáîòàåò «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ»? Ïî÷åìó äðóãèå ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ ñòîíóò îò êðèçèñà, à ýòî ïðîäîëæàåò ðàçâèâàòüñÿ, ïðè÷åì óñêîðåííûìè òåìïàìè. Â ÷åì ñåêðåò? Ïîýòîìó ìû (ÿ è ôîòîãðàô) è îòïðàâèëèñü, òàê ñêàçàòü, ïî ìåñòàì ñëàâû «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà». Ñðàçó ïðåäóïðåæó ÷èòàòåëÿ: â ñâîåì ðåïîðòàæå áóäó èñïîëüçîâàòü ôðàãìåíòû áåñåäû ñ Ãåðîåì Óêðàèíû, ãåíåðàëüíûì äèðåêòîðîì ñåëüõîçïðåäïðèÿòèÿ «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ» Àëåêñååì ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÌ.

ÊÀÆÄÛÉ ÐÅÁÅÍÎÊ ÆÅËÀÅÒ ÇÍÀÒÜ… Àëåêñåé ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÉ: «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ» ïîìîãàåò è áóäåò ïîìîãàòü äåòÿì, êîòîðûå ó÷àòñÿ â ñåëüñêèõ øêîëàõ èëè â øêîëàõ, êîòîðûå ðàñïîëîæåíû â íåáîãàòûõ ðàéîíàõ. ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî êàæäûé ðåáåíîê èìååò ïðàâî íà äîñòîéíîå îáðàçîâàíèå. È âñåãäà ðàäóþñü, êîãäà óçíàþ, ÷òî äåòè èç ïðîâèíöèàëüíûõ øêîë çàíèìàþò âûñøèå ìåñòà íà îëèìïèàäàõ. Âåäü åñëè ÷åñòíî, ó ñåëüñêèõ äåòèøåê êóäà áîëüøå ïîòåíöèàë ðîñòà, ÷åì ó èçíåæåííûõ ãîðîäñêèõ». Åñòåñòâåííî, íàì áûëî èíòåðåñíî, ÷åì èìåííî ïîìîãàåò «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ» îáðàçîâàíèþ. Ïîýòîìó êîìàíäèðîâî÷íûé âåòåð «çàíåñ» íàñ â íåñêîëüêî øêîë. Ãîðîä Íèêîëàåâ, ðàéîí Íàìûâ, øêî-

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» помогает многим школам. Алексей Вадатурский на открытии омпьютеризированной библиотеки в школе № 24 (Николаев) Татьяна БЛАКЫТНА благодарна «НИБУЛОНу» за спонсорскую поддержку при создании лучшей в Украине библиотеки

ëà ¹57. Çäåñü, áëàãîäàðÿ ñïîíñîðñêîé ïîìîùè «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà», ñîçäàíà ëó÷øàÿ â Óêðàèíå (!) áèáëèîòåêà. Íà äíÿõ ãðàìîòà, ïîäòâåðæäàþùàÿ ýòî, óæå ïîñòóïèëà â ó÷åáíîå çàâåäåíèå. À î ïîìîùè «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà» íàì ðàññêàçàëà äèðåêòîð øêîëû Òàòüÿíà ÁËÀÊÛÒÍÀ: «Ýòîò ðàéîí ãîðîäà Íèêîëàåâà – îäèí èç ñàìûõ áåäíûõ. Ðîäèòåëè ìíîãèõ äåòîê èç-çà êðèçèñà ëèøåíû ðàáîòû. Òåì âàæíåå äëÿ íèõ ïîìîùü Àëåêñåÿ Àôàíàñüåâè÷à Âàäàòóðñêîãî, «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà». Áëàãîäàðÿ åìó íàøè êëàññû îñíàùåíû ñîâðåìåííûì îáîðóäîâàíèåì (äàëåêî íå âî âñåõ êèåâñêèõ øêîëàõ òàêîå åñòü. – ïðèì. àâò.). Ó íàñ òàêàÿ ïðåêðàñíàÿ áèáëèîòåêà, êîìïüþòåðû êîòîðîé ïîäêëþ÷åíû ê ñåòè Èíòåðíåò (ñ÷åòà îïëà÷èâàåò «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ»). Â êëàññàõ – èíòåðàêòèâíûå äîñêè, êîòîðûå î÷åíü ïîìîãàþò äåòÿì óñâàèâàòü íîâûé ìàòåðèàë. Ïîýòîìó íåóäèâèòåëüíî, ÷òî êîëè÷åñòâî æåëàþùèõ ó÷èòüñÿ â ñåëüõîçàêàäåìèè ñ êàæäûì ãîäîì ñòàíîâèòñÿ âñå áîëüøå: åñëè â ïðîøëîì ãîäó 10 íàøèõ ó÷åíèêîâ ñòàëè åå ñòóäåíòàìè, òî â ýòîì – óæå 17! À âû áû âèäåëè, êàêèå

«NIBULON Ltd.» helps a lot of schools. OleksiyVadaturskyy in the opening ceremony of a new computerized library at school № 24 (Mykolayiv) Юлия МИНКЕВИЧ рада за детей, имеющих возможность обучаться с помощью сенсорных интерактивных досок, подаренных «НИБУЛОНом»

çàìå÷àòåëüíûå ïîäàðêè ïîëó÷èëè íàøè ïåðâîêëàññíèêè ê 1 ñåíòÿáðÿ, êîòîðîå êàê ðàç ñîâïàëî ñî ñïóñêîì íà âîäó òðåõ íîâûõ íåñàìîõîäíûõ ñóäîâ «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍîâñêîãî» ôëîòà!» …Äà-äà. «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ» åùå è ôëîò âîçðîæäàåò. Ïîä «âîçðîæäåíèåì» ìîæåòå ñìåëî ïîíèìàòü íåñêîëüêî òûñÿ÷ íîâûõ ðàáî÷èõ ìåñò. Íî âåðíåìñÿ ê øêîëàì. ×óäî ñîâðåìåííîé òåõíèêè íàì òàêæå äîâåëîñü óâèäåòü â ïîñåëêå Ìàòâååâêà, â øêîëå ¹24. Çàâó÷ Þëèÿ ÌÈÍÊÅÂÈ× ñ áîëüøèì ýíòóçèàçìîì îòçûâàëàñü î «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍîâñêîé» ïîìîùè: «Âû ñåáå äàæå ïðåäñòàâèòü íå ìîæåòå ðàäîñòü äåòåé, êîòîðûå òåïåðü ìîãóò îáó÷àòüñÿ ñ ïîìîùüþ ñåíñîðíûõ èíòåðàêòèâíûõ äîñîê. Íà íèõ ìîæíî îáúÿñíèòü äàæå ñàìûé ñëîæíûé ìàòåðèàë. Íåóäèâèòåëüíî, ÷òî òåïåðü ó íàñ òàê âîçðîñëà óñïåâàåìîñòü. Õî÷ó â î÷åðåäíîé ðàç ïîáëàãîäàðèòü Àëåêñåÿ Àôàíàñüåâè÷à Âàäàòóðñêîãî çà ïîìîùü, êîòîðóþ îí íàì îêàçûâàåò, çà òî, ÷òî âñåãäà ïðèñëóøèâàåòñÿ ê íàøèì ïîæåëàíèÿì»…

Иван НЕРУБАЙСКИЙ проходил собеседование у самого Вадатурского. Ведь Алексей Афанасьевич знает каждого сотрудника в лицо

Наталия НАЗАРЕНКО благодаря работе в «НИБУЛОНе» о кризисе слышит только по телевизору

ÏÎËß, ÏÎËß, ÏÎËß… Àëåêñåé ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÉ: «ß ñàì èç êðåñòüÿíñêîé ñåìüè. Îäíî èç ÿðêèõ âîñïîìèíàíèé äåòñòâà: ìîé îòåö âîçâðàùàåòñÿ äîìîé, îí íàñòîëüêî óñòàë, ÷òî ôàêòè÷åñêè ïàäàåò ó ïîðîãà – è ìàìà ñíèìàåò ñ íåãî ñàïîãè. Èì òðóäíî æèëîñü â ñåëå: òàê ìíîãî ðàáîòû è òàê ìàëî äåíåã. Ìîæåò, èìåííî òîãäà ÿ òàê ñèëüíî è çàõîòåë ïîìî÷ü ýòèì òðóæåíèêàì çåìëè. Î÷åíü ìíå õîòåëîñü ñäåëàòü âñå âîçìîæíîå, ÷òîáû ýòèì ëþäÿì æèëîñü õîòü ÷óòî÷êó ëåã÷å. Äà, ÿ ìîãó òî÷íî ñêàçàòü, ÷òî ìíîãîå äåëàþ â ïàìÿòü î ñâîèõ ðîäèòåëÿõ». À ìû ïðîåçæàåì ìèìî ïîëåé «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà». È õî÷åòñÿ óñëûøàòü ìíåíèå íå òîëüêî ãåíåðàëüíîãî äèðåêòîðà, íî è ïðîñòûõ ñåëüñêèõ æèòåëåé. Íàòàëèÿ ÍÀÇÀÐÅÍÊÎ: «Âû íå ïðåäñòàâëÿåòå, êàêèì áûëî íàøå ñåëî Âåðøàöû (×èãèðèíñêèé ðàéîí ×åðêàññêîé îáëàñòè. – ïðèì. àâò.) äî ïðèõîäà «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà»: ïîíóðûå õàòêè, áåäíûå ñòàðèêè… Ëþäè ïðîñòî ïðåáûâàëè â îò÷àÿíèè. Êîïåéêè ñ÷èòàëè, íà âñåì ýêîíîìèëè, ÷òîáû õîòü êàê-òî äåðæàòüñÿ íà ïëàâó. Äà è íå òîëüêî ìû. Òî æå è ó ñîñåäåé, â ñåëå Òàðàñî-Ãðèãîðüåâêå, òâîðèëîñü. Íàì äàæå

øêîëó è áîëüíèöó ñîáèðàëèñü çàêðûòü – ìîë, âîäîïðîâîä ñòàðûé íå ãîäåí, à íîâîãî íåò. Íå óêëàäûâàåìñÿ â ñàíèòàðíûå íîðìû. Êàêàÿ òàì ïîìîùü îò ãîñóäàðñòâà?! Î ÷åì âû ãîâîðèòå? Íàñòîëüêî âñå áûëî æóòêî, ÷òî ñåé÷àñ è âñïîìèíàòü íå õî÷åòñÿ. À òåïåðü… Òåïåðü âñå èçìåíèëîñü. Ïðîéäèòå ïî ñåëó: õàòêè, êàê êóêîëêè, ñòàðèêè äîâîëüíû. Èì ïî ïðàçäíèêàì íà ìàøèíàõ ê êàæäîìó äâîðó ïîäàðêè ïîäâîçÿò. Äà áàáóøêè ïðîñòî ïëà÷óò è âñå ïîâòîðÿþò: «Äàé Áîã çäîðîâüÿ Àëåêñåþ Àôàíàñüåâè÷ó, êîðìèëüöó íàøåìó». È âîäîïðîâîä ó íàñ òåïåðü íîâûé! Òàê ÷òî è øêîëà, è áîëüíèöà – âñå ñîõðàíèëîñü. È ðàáî÷èå ìåñòà äëÿ íàñ åñòü – âñå ïðè äåëå. È ÿ, è ìóæ ìîé, è ñûí â «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍå» ðàáîòàåì. Êðèçèñ? Äà î íåì ìû òîëüêî ïî òåëåâèçîðó ñëûøèì…» Ëàäíî, ñåëüñêèå áàáóøêè è äåäóøêè ñ÷àñòëèâû, à êàê ðàáîòíèêè? Ñ íèìè ìû òîæå ïîáåñåäîâàëè. Èâàí ÍÅÐÓÁÀÉÑÊÈÉ, àãðîíîì: «ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî îäíî èç ãëàâíûõ äîñòèæåíèé «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà» – ýòî òî, ÷òî òåïåðü ìîëîäåæü íå ñòðåìèòñÿ â ãîðîä, à îñòàåòñÿ â ñåëàõ: âåäü åñòü ðàáîòà, åñòü äîñòîéíàÿ çàðïëàòà. Áîëåå òîãî, òåïåðü åñòü â ñåëå è øêîëû, è äåòñêèå ñàäèêè.

Сергей КОБЗАРЬ счастлив работать на новой технике, да и зарплата в «НИБУЛОНе» не расстраивает

Êàê ÿ ñàì ïîïàë â «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ»? Îòïðàâèë ðåçþìå, ïîòîì ïðîøåë ñîáåñåäîâàíèå ó Âàäàòóðñêîãî, è âîò – ðàáîòàþ…» Êàê íàì óäàëîñü âûÿñíèòü, íà ðàáîòó â «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍå» áåç ñîáåñåäîâàíèÿ ñ Àëåêñååì Àôàíàñüåâè÷åì íå ïîïàñòü. È â ýòîì – ïðîÿâëåíèå åãî õîçÿéñêîé æèëêè, êîãäà êàæäîãî çíàåøü, ÷òî íàçûâàåòñÿ, â ëèöî, òî è ðàáîòàòü ëåã÷å. Íî âåðíåìñÿ ê íàøèì ðàáîòíèêàì. Ñåðãåé ÊÎÁÇÀÐÜ, ìåõàíèçàòîð: «ß ñàì èç Òàðàñî-Ãðèãîðüåâêè. Â «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍå» ðàáîòàþ ñ 2003 ãîäà. Âñå ìåíÿ çäåñü óñòðàèâàåò: è çàðïëàòà, è óñëîâèÿ òðóäà. Ãëàâíîå – ïðèÿòíî ðàáîòàòü íà íîâîé òåõíèêå. «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍó» æåëàþ äàëüíåéøåãî ïðîöâåòàíèÿ!»

ÑÒÐÎÈÒÜ ÏÎ-«ÍÈÁÓËÎÍÎÂÑÊÈ» Àëåêñåé ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÉ: «Íà ñîáñòâåííîì îïûòå ìû ïîêàçûâàåì, ÷òî â Óêðàèíå ìîæíî ðàáîòàòü óñïåøíî! Íàì òàê ìíîãî äàíî: óíèêàëüíîå ãåîãðàôè÷åñêîå ïîëîæåíèå, ïðåêðàñíûå êëèìàòè÷åñêèå óñëîâèÿ, ïëîäîðîäíûå çåìëè… Åñëè ðàáîòàòü, ïðè÷åì ðàáîòàòü ïî-íàñòîÿùåìó, òî ìîæíî äîáèòüñÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû íàøà ñòðàíà ñòàëà ïðîöâåòàþùåé.

В полях работает только первоклассная современная техника Only first-rate and modern equipment is used in the fields

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Строительство терминала в с. Ромодан (Полтавская область) The elevator’s construction in the village of Romodan (Poltavska region)

Строительство завершено The construction is completed

Åñëè áû âåñü àãðàðíûé ñåêòîð ðàáîòàë, êàê ìû, òî ñåãîäíÿ Óêðàèíà ñîáèðàëà áû íå 53 ìèëëèîíà, à 90 ìèëëèîíîâ òîíí çåðíîâûõ. Âîò, ãîâîðÿò, êðèçèñ, êðèçèñ… À ýòîò ïðåñëîâóòûé êðèçèñ ïðåæäå âñåãî â ãîëîâàõ ÷èíîâíèêîâ, è ñîçäàåòñÿ îí èñêóññòâåííî. Ïîñìîòðèòå, ñ «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍîì» ñîòðóäíè÷àþò 146 ñòðîèòåëüíûõ îðãàíèçàöèé. Ìû ïîñòîÿííî ñîçäàåì íîâûå ðàáî÷èå ìåñòà. È åñëè áû â Óêðàèíå áûëî 100 òàêèõ ïðåäïðèÿòèé, êàê ìû, òî íèêàêîãî êðèçèñà â Óêðàèíå áû íå áûëî! ß – ëàóðåàò ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ïðåìèè â îáëàñòè àðõèòåêòóðû: çíàþ êàê è ëþáëþ ñòðîèòü. Íî îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå: íàøè îáúåêòû ñòðîÿòñÿ îêîëî 3 ìåñÿöåâ, íî çàòî 10-15 ìåñÿöåâ óõîäèò íà ñîãëàñîâàíèå äîêóìåíòîâ. Òî åñòü áèçíåñ ðàçâèâàåòñÿ íå áëàãîäàðÿ, à âîïðåêè ÷èíîâíè÷üåìó àïïàðàòó!» …Òîãäà, ÷åñòíî ñêàæó, ÿ íåñêîëüêî óñîìíèëàñü â ïðàâäèâîñòè ñëîâ Àëåêñåÿ Àôàíàñüåâè÷à. ß çíàëà, êàê âûãëÿäÿò ýëåâàòîðû «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà». Äàæå îáùàëàñü ñ àðõèòåêòîðîì. Òîò çàâåðèë ìåíÿ, ÷òî ïîñòðîèòü ïîäîáíîå çà 3 ìåñÿöà íåðåàëüíî. «Ìèíèìóì ãîä», – áûë åãî ïðèãîâîð. Àëåêñåé ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÉ: «Åñëè ìû áóäåì äåëàòü òî æå, ÷òî è äðóãèå, òî ãðîø íàì öåíà êàê áèçíåñ-

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

ìåíàì. Ìû äîëæíû ïðèâíåñòè íå÷òî íîâîå. Äà, ìíå ÷àñòî íå âåðÿò, êîãäà ÿ ðàññêàçûâàþ î ñðîêàõ ñòðîåê. ×òî òàì! Ñàìè ïîäðÿä÷èêè íå âåðÿò, ÷òî çà ýòî âðåìÿ ìîæíî âûïîëíèòü ïîñòàâëåííóþ ìíîé çàäà÷ó. Çàòî, êîãäà ýòî âñå æå óäàåòñÿ, îíè è íà ñåáÿ íà÷èíàþò ïî-íîâîìó ñìîòðåòü: «Ó íàñ ïîëó÷èëîñü, ìû – ìîëîäöû!» Êîãäà íîìåð æóðíàëà «Èìèäæ.UA» óéäåò íà âåðñòêó, ó «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà» óæå áóäåò íå òîëüêî î÷åðåäíîé ýëåâàòîð â ñåëå Âèòîâî (×åðêàññêàÿ îáëàñòü), íî è äâà ýëåâàòîðà â ñ. Ðîìîäàí è ã. Ãëîáèíî (Ïîëòàâñêàÿ îáëàñòü). À íàøà êîìàíäèðîâêà êàê ðàç ñîâïàëà ñ ïîñëåäíèìè äåíüêàìè ñòðîéêè â Âèòîâî, òàê ÷òî ìû âîî÷èþ ñìîãëè óáåäèòüñÿ, êàê ñîçèäàåò «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ». «Äëÿ ìåíÿ íåò ìåëî÷åé», – ýòî áûëè ïåðâûå, óñëûøàííûå ìíîé ñëîâà Àëåêñåÿ Àôàíàñüåâè÷à, êîãäà ÿ ïðèñòðàèâàëàñü ê êîìàíäå, îáõîäèâøåé ñòðîèòåëüíûé îáúåêò. Ïîçæå îí ïîâòîðèò èõ íåîäíîêðàòíî. Åãî èíòåðåñîâàëî âñå: îò ñèëîñîâ äî ñëó÷àéíî îñòàâëåííîé êîðîáêè îò êîìïüþòåðà â àäìèíèñòðàòèâíîì çäàíèè. Âîèñòèíó, «íåò ìåëî÷åé». Ïî ñóòè, òîëüêî òàê è ìîæíî ñîçäàâàòü íå÷òî ïî-íàñòîÿùåìó ñòîÿùåå – íå îòìàõèâàÿñü: ìîë, è òàê ñîéäåò, à òùàòåëüíî ñëåäÿ çà êàæäîé ìåëî÷üþ… Ïðîñòèòå, ìåëî÷åé, äåéñòâèòåëüíî, íåò.

– Íó, êàê æå, Àëåêñåé Àôàíàñüåâè÷, ìû íå óñïååì! – îäèí èç ïîäðÿä÷èêîâ ýìîöèîíàëüíî âçìàõèâàåò ðóêàìè. – Âîò, ñìîòðèòå, ïîäúåçä çàêðûò, ìîè ëþäè íå ìîãóò ðàáîòàòü! – Âû òîëüêî ñåé÷àñ ýòî çàìåòèëè? – Âàäàòóðñêèé ãîâîðèò íåãðîìêî, íî åãî ïðåêðàñíî ñëûøíî. Äà! Åùå îäíà âàæíàÿ äåòàëü. Èçâèíèòå, íî ìíå âñåãäà êàçàëîñü, ÷òî ìàò – ýòî òàêîé îáÿçàòåëüíûé ñòðîèòåëüíûé æàðãîí, à ìîæåò äàæå è ðèòóàë: áåç ìàòà è áåòîí íå çàñòûíåò, è êðàí ðàáîòàòü íå ñòàíåò… Íà «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍîâñêîé» ñòðîéêå ÿ íå óñëûøàëà íè îäíîãî (!) êðåïêîãî ñëîâå÷êà, à ïî ñòðîéêå õîäèëà íå îäèí ÷àñ… Íî âåðíåìñÿ ê ïîäðÿä÷èêàì. – Åñëè âû âèäèòå ïðîáëåìó, ïî÷åìó äàæå íå ïûòàåòåñü åå ðåøèòü? Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå, âàø êîëëåãà çàìåòèë íåëàäíîå, ïîçâîíèë ìíå, è óæå ÷åðåç ÷àñ âñå áûëî ðåøåíî. – Íî âîò âàøè ëþäè ìíå ãîâîðèëè… – ïîäðÿä÷èê âñå åùå ïûòàåòñÿ íàéòè êðàéíèõ. – ÍÈÁÓËÎÍîâöû? Ïîêàæèòå, êòî êîíêðåòíî? – âçãëÿä Àëåêñåÿ Àôàíàñüåâè÷à ñòàíîâèòñÿ æåñòêèì. – ß çíàþ ñâîþ êîìàíäó! Ïîäðÿä÷èê ñîâñåì ñíèêàåò è ñîãëàøàåòñÿ: äà, ñàì âèíîâàò…

À ÿ ñ ãàëåðêè ñëûøó ñìåøîê: «Íó âîò, ó «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍà» ïîñòðîèøü, òàê ïîñëå ýòîãî ó êîãî óãîäíî ïîñòðîèøü! Øêîëà æèçíè…» Àëåêñåé Âàäàòóðñêèé òåì âðåìåíåì ðàçãîâàðèâàåò ñî ñëåäóþùèì ïîäðÿä÷èêîì: – Âû æå ìîæåòå çàêîí÷èòü ðàíüøå? – Íå ìîæåì, Àëåêñåé Àôàíàñüåâè÷… – À ïðåìèÿ? Îòêàçûâàåòåñü, ÷òî ëè? – Íå õîòèì, íó åå, è òàê íà ïðåäåëå! – Âîò, çàáàâíûå ëþäè, – ýòî óæå Âàäàòóðñêèé îáðàùàåòñÿ êî âñåì. – Îò ïðåìèè îòêàçûâàþòñÿ. Íó, õîðîøî, ìû òîãäà ýòè äåíüãè â ïîìîùü îäíîé èç áîëüíèö ïåðå÷èñëèì. Ìû äâèæåìñÿ äàëüøå, è ÿ âñïîìèíàþ ñâîé íåäàâíèé ðàçãîâîð ñ Ãåðîåì Óêðàèíû. Àëåêñåé ÂÀÄÀÒÓÐÑÊÈÉ: «ß óáåæäåí, ÷òî èìåííî àãðàðíûé ñåêòîð äîëæåí áûòü ëîêîìîòèâîì ðàçâèòèÿ ýêîíîìèêè âñåé ñòðàíû. Âîò, âû ñïðàøèâàåòå, êàêîâû íàøè ïðèîðèòåòû? Îòâå÷ó: áîëüøå äðóãèõ ïàõàòü è íà ñàìûõ ñëîæíûõ ó÷àñòêàõ íàõîäèòüñÿ! Âñÿ ìîÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòü â «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍå» – ýòî â òîì ÷èñëå è ïîïûòêà äîêàçàòü ñâîþ íåîáõîäèìîñòü äëÿ ãîñóäàðñòâà. ß î÷åíü ëþáëþ ñâîþ ñòðàíó, ÿ – ïàòðèîò. È ÿ ñâîèì òðóäîì õî÷ó äîêàçàòü, ÷òî óñïåøíûé áèçíåñ â Óêðàèíå âîçìîæåí! Ïðè÷åì â ñóãóáî ïðàâîâîì ïîëå ìîæíî äîáèòüñÿ õîðîøèõ ðåçóëüòàòîâ. À âñå ýòè êðèçèñû… Êðèçèñ – â îòñóòñòâèè äîïîëíèòåëüíîãî âðåìåíè â ñóòêàõ, ÷òîáû ñïðàâèòüñÿ ñ òåìè çàäà÷àìè, êîòîðûå ïîñòàâèë «ÍÈÁÓËÎÍ»! È åñëè êàæäûé ãîä ðàñòåò áëàãîñîñòîÿíèå ñîòðóäíèêîâ, òî ÿ òî÷íî çíàþ – ìû íà ïðàâèëüíîì ïóòè. Êàæäîìó ðàáîòíèêó ÿ áëàãîäàðåí çà òî, ÷òî îí ñâÿçàë ñ íàøåé êîìïàíèåé ñâîþ ñóäüáó. ß êàæäîìó ãîòîâ ñêàçàòü: «Ñïàñèáî!» È ìíå òîæå î÷åíü çàõîòåëîñü ñêàçàòü: ñïàñèáî Âàì îãðîìíîå, Àëåêñåé Àôàíàñüåâè÷! Èìåííî íà òàêèõ ëþäÿõ, êàê Âû, è äåðæèòñÿ íàøà ñòðàíà! Далее о ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» читайте на стр. 61, 67

КОНТАКТЫ Адрес: ул. Фалеевская, 9-Б, 54030, Николаев, Украина Телефон: +38 (0512) 37-23-44, +38 (0512) 58-04-04, Факс: +38 (0512) 50-01-91, +38 (0512) 58-04-05 E-mail: mail1@NIBULON.com.ua mail3@NIBULON.com.ua www: nibulon.com

Открытие филиала ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» в с. Витово при участии Президента Украины В.А. Ющенко The opening ceremony of a new branch of «NIBULON Ltd.» in Vitove Village with the participation of the President of Ukraine Yushchenko V. A.

Business school in the «NIBULON» style Elena PERSHINA

THE EDITOR’S BUSINESS; OR HOW IT ALL BEGAN Journalists have such a fixed notion: the theme will save all. It means that it is enough to choose a legendary person as a hero of your material and a great article is guaranteed! Frankly speaking, I had the same train of thought when I thrust myself into the interview with Oleksiy Vadaturskyy – the general director of the public limited joint company «NIBULON». And how! How couldn’t a Hero of Ukraine tell me lots of interesting things: about life, about «NIBULON», about himself…? He did tell me, but added with some bitterness in his voice: «Journalists always ask me the same things and I am bored with answering these questions. Come to our place – talk with people, watch our project sites, if you want to get really interesting and truthful material. I am always following the same way both in life and business, which is why I don’t want the same things to be repeated in all the press.» To be honest, I also had a great desire to see how «NIBULON» works. Why other enterprises are suffering from the crisis and this one continues developing, and at a much faster pace at that. What is the secret? That is why we (my photographer and I) went, so to say, to the famed places of the «NIBULON». I want to notify my reader right away: I will use fragments of the conversation with the Hero of Ukraine, general director of the public limited joint company «NIBULON», Oleksiy VADATURSKYY in my reportage.

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Терминал «НИБУЛОНа» (Николаев) давно стал визитной карточкой города. Этот терминал – лучший в Европе The terminal of «NIBULON» (Mykolayiv) has become a showcase of the city. This terminal is the best in Europe

6 FACTS ABOUT «NIBULON»

EVERY CHILD WANTS TO KNOW…

«NIBULON Ltd.» was born along with independent Ukraine. The venture was established in 1991.

Oleksiy VADATURSKYY:

Oleksiy Opanasovych Vadaturskyy, a hero of Ukraine, is a founder and an irreplaceable director of the venture. «NIBULON Ltd.» is one of the biggest domestic producers and exporters of agricultural products (wheat, barley, maize, rye, sunflower and others). As the venture develops, it is extending systematically its geography and level of production activity.

«NIBULON» helps children, who are studying in village schools or in schools, situated in pure districts. I think that every child deserves to be well educated. And I am always happy to find out that children from the provincial schools get the first places in the competitions (olympiads), because, frankly speaking, village children have a much higher potential in development than pampered city children». Surely we wanted to know how exactly «NIBULON» helps children, which is why our

mission wind «blew» us to some schools. Mykolayiv, Namyv district, school ¹57. The best library in Ukraine was created here thanks to the sponsor’s help. A document, which confirms this, was received by the school the other day. Director, Tatiana BLAKITNA, told us about the help of «NIBULON»: «This district of Mykolayiv is one of the poorest. Many parents of our children have no job because of the crisis. So much, the help from Oleksiy Opanasovych Vadaturskyy, and from «NIBULON» is much more important for them. All our classes are fitted with modern equipment thanks to him (not all Kiev schools have such – author’s

The quality of the products meets the most severe requirements of Ukrainian as well as foreign consumers. The venture has 36 branches, situated in 11 regions of Ukraine. The harvesting is held to extremely tight deadlines and with minimal losses. Commercial batches of grain are gathered into primary bulk facilities then selected according to quality and economic destination.

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Интерактивные сенсорные доски значительно улучшают процесс усвоения знаний Interactive sensor boards considerably improve the process of acquiring knowledge

«НИБУЛОН» возрождает речной флот «NIBULON» is renewing the river fleet

annotation). We have a great library; its computers are connected to the Internet («NIBULON» pays the bills). There are interactive blackboards in the classes, which help children to learn new material. That is why it is not surprising that from year to year more and more children want to enter the agricultural academy: in the last year 10 of our pupils became its students and this year – already 17! And you can’t even imagine what great presents our first formers got on the 1st of September, which coincided with the launching of three self-propelled ships of «NIBULON’s» fleet!» …Yes, right. «NIBULON» is also reviving the fleet and the word «reviving» can

be safely considered as a few hundred new working places. But, let’s go back to schools. We could also see the miracle of modern equipment in school ¹ 24 in the settlement Matveevka. The Head of the curriculum department, Julia MINKEVICH, spoke of the «NIBULON’s» help with great enthusiasm: «You can’t even imagine how happy the children are who can study, using touchboards. You can explain the most difficult material on them. It is not surprising that our progress in studies has greatly increase and I want to thank Oleksiy Opanasovych Vadaturskyy one more time for all his help»…

VISITING Some of the awards of Director General of «NIBULON Ltd.» Oleksiy VADATURSKYY Oleksiy Vadaturskyy was conferred the title of the Hero of Ukraine with the presentation of the State insignia for his unique personal contribution to the consolidation of the agricultural complex potential, organization and ensuring a steady high performance in manufacture of agricultural products and development of the social sphere. The writing staff led by the Director General of «NIBULON Ltd.» A. A. Vadaturskyy was honored by State Prize of Ukraine in the field of architecture for the design of the Transshipment Terminal of agricultural company «NIBULON Ltd.» in Mykolayiv city.

Заниматься судномоделированием учащихся Николаевской СШ №57 вдохновил спуск на воду новых «НИБУЛОНовских» суден The launching of new «NIBULON» vessels has inspired the pupils of pubic school № 57 to go in for ship modelling

The Director General of «NIBULON Ltd.» A. A. Vadaturskyy was honored by a Diploma «Person of the Year of Mykolayiv Region 2007» nominated in «Philanthropy» for realizing humanitarian programs, giving material support to the social and cultural institutions of the region.

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FIELDS, FIELDS, FIELDS… Oleksiy VADATURSKYY: «I am from a peasant family and here is one of the brightest memories from my childhood: my father is coming back home. He is so tired, that he practically falls down at the threshold and my mom takes his boots off. It was difficult to live in the village: so much work and so little money. Maybe that was the moment when I got a great desire to help these toilers of the ground. I wanted to do everything possible to make the lives of these people at least a little bit easier. I can surely say that I’m doing many things in memory of my parents». We are going past the fields of «NIBULON» and want to hear the opinions, not only of the general director, but also of ordinary villagers. Natalia NAZARENKO: «You can’t even imagine our village Vershaci before «NIBULON’s» coming – downcast houses, poor old men and women… People gave themselves up to despair, counted copecks, saved on everything to keep themselves «afloat» somehow and this happened not only to us. The same situation was in the neighboring village and in the village Taraso-Grigoryevsk. We even had to close our school and hospital – allegedly, the old water supply system wasn’t working, but we had no new one. We weren’t confining ourselves to sanitary standards. What help from the government could there be?! What are you talking about? Everything was so awful that I don’t even want to be reminded of it. And now… Nowadays everything has changed. Just walk through the village: houses are like dollies and the old people are happy. They get presents on every holiday; cars bring them straight to their houses. Grannies cry and repeat all the time: «God bless Oleksiy Opanasovych, our breadwinner.» And we’ve got a new water supply system! So both the school and hospital have been saved. And we’ve also got working places: everybody has something to do now. My husband, my son and I are working for «NIBULON». Crisis? We here about it only from the TV set… Ok, the village grannies and grandpas are happy, but what about the workers? We also talked to them». Ivan NEYRUBAYSKI, agronomist: «I think, that one of the «NIBULON’s» main achievements is the fact that young people aren’t striving for the city anymore,

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В лаборатории терминала ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» In the laboratory of «NIBULON Ltd.» terminal

they stay in the village, as they have decent work and a salary. Moreover, there are schools and kindergartens in the village. How did I get to the «NIBULON»? I sent my resume, then I was interviewed by Vadaturskyy and now I am working here»… As we found out, you can’t get a job without an interview with Oleksiy Opanasovych and we can see a display of his proprietary eye in this, it is much easier to work when you know everybody by sight. But let’s go back to our workers. Sergey KOBZAR, machine operator: « I am from the village Taraso-Grigoryevka. I‘ve been working in «NIBULON» since 2003. I am happy with everything here: salary and working conditions. The main thing is that it is unbelievably pleasant to work with new equipment. I wish «NIBULON» further prosperity!»

BUILDING IN «NIBULON’S» STYLE Oleksiy VADATURSKYY: «We can show through our own experience, that it is possible to work successfully in Ukraine! We’ve got so many things: unique geographical position, great climatic conditions, fertile lands…If we work, and work properly at that, we can make our country prosperous. We could gather 90 million tons of crops, instead of 53 million, if the entire agricultural sector would work as we do. Everybody says: «Crisis, crisis…». This notorious crisis is first of all in the heads of the officials and is being created artifi-

cially. Look, 146 construction organizations are working with «NIBULON». We are always creating new working places and if Ukraine had 100 such enterprises, as ours, there would be no crisis in Ukraine! I am a Laureate of the government award in the sphere of architecture: I know how to, and love to, build. But draw your attention to the fact, that we build our projects for nearly 3 month, but we need 10-15 months to reconcile all the documents. That is, business is developing not thanks to, but contrary to officials’ machinery!» …Frankly speaking, I slightly doubted the words of Oleksiy Opanasovych at that moment. I knew what the elevators of «NIBULON» look like. I have even talked to an architect. He assured me that it is impossible to build something like this in 3 months. His estimation was a year. Oleksiy VADATURSKYY: «If we do the same things as the others, we are not worth a brass farthing, as businessmen. We have to introduce something new. Really, people often don’t believe me, when I tell about the time constraints of constructions. Even the contractors don’t believe that it is possible to realize the tasks assigned by me. But, when they succeed in this, they start to look differently at themselves: «We could do this, we did well!» When the issue of «Image.UA» is published, «NIBULON» will have another elevator in the village Vitovo (Cherkassy region) and our mission concurred right with the last days of this construction, so we could see how «NIBULON» builds with our own eyes.

– Workers of the «NIBULON»? Show me who specifically? – The gaze of Oleksiy Opanasovych becomes strict. – I know my team! The contractor droops completely and agrees: yes, I am wrong… And I hear a chuckle from the gallery: «If you can build with «NIBULON», you can build with anybody! It is a life school…» Meanwhile, Oleksiy Vadaturskyy talks with the next contractor: Can you finish it earlier? No, we can’t, Oleksiy Opanasovych… And what about the bonus? Do you refuse it? Yes, we don’t want it, as it is we are at the breaking point! What amusing people, – Vadaturskyy is addressing everybody. – refuse the bonus. Ok, we will transfer this money to one hospital. We are going further and I remember my recent conversation with the Hero of Ukraine.

Терминал ООО СП «НИБУЛОН» в с. Витово (Черкасская область) The terminal of «NIBULON Ltd.» in Vitove Village (Cherkasy region)

Так выглядела территория до начала строительства How the territory was before the beginning of construction

«Nothing is a trifle for me», – these were the first words, which I heard from Oleksiy Opanasovych, when I was joining up with the detachment, while making their round of the construction project. Later he will repeat this more than once. He was interested in everything: starting with the silos to the accidentally left box from the computer in the office building. Truly: «nothing is a trifle». As a matter of fact, this is the only way to create something really worthwhile – not brushing anything aside, but thoroughly watching every trifle… Sorry, but there are really no trifles. – How can we, Oleksiy Opanasovych, we won’t have time to do this! – one of the contractors was emotionally waving his hands. – Look, the approach is closed, my people can’t work!

– You’ve noticed it only now? – Vadaturskyy is talking in a low voice, but you can hear him perfectly. Oh yes! One more important detail, I am sorry, but I always thought that filthy language is an ever-present building slang, maybe even a ritual: concrete won’t set and cranes won’t work without it… I didn’t hear any (!) fourletter words on the «NIBULON» construction, and I was walking there more than an hour… But let’s go back to the contractors. – If you see the problem why don’t you even try to solve it? Take notice of the fact, that your colleague noticed something wrong, called me and everything was solved in an hour. – But your people told me…, – the contractor is still trying to find somebody to blame.

Oleksiy VADATURSKYY: «I am sure that agrarian sector must be the locomotive pulling the development of our country’s economy. Are you asking what our priorities are? I will answer: we need to plough more than others and be situated on the most difficult areas! All my work in «NIBULON» is also an attempt to prove my necessity for the government. I love my country very much, I am a patriot. And I want to prove by my work, that successful business in Ukraine is possible! And it is possible to get good results purely in the legislative field. And all these crises… Crisis is in absence of the additional time in twenty-four hours to manage all the tasks, set by the «NIBULON»! And if the welfare of my workers increases every year, I am sure, that we are on the right path. I am thankful to every worker for casting in their lot with «NIBULON». I am ready to say to everybody: «Thank you!» And I also want to say: Thank you very much, Oleksiy Opanasovych! Our country is counting on such people as you!

CONTACTS Postal address: 9B, Fаleyevska Str., 54030 Мykolayiv, UKRAINE Tel.: +38 (0512) 37-23-44, +38 (0512) 58-04-04 Fax: +38 (0512) 50-01-91, +38 (0512) 58-04-05 E-mail: mail1@NIBULON.com.ua mail3@NIBULON.com.ua www: nibulon.com

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Компанія – лідер вітчизняного сокового ринку Ніл СТАРРОК, Генеральний директор ТОВ «Сандора» Neil STURROCK, General Manager for Sandora LLC Ïðîìèñëîâ³ ïîòóæíîñò³ êîìïàí³¿ ñêëàäàþòüñÿ ç ïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó ¹1 ç ïåðåðîáêè òà âèðîáíèöòâà ñîêîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ó ñ. Ìèêîëà¿âñüêîìó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, äâîõ ñåçîííèõ çàâîä³â ç ïåðåðîáêè îâî÷³â òà ôðóêò³â â Õåðñîíñüê³é îáëàñò³ ³ Êðèìó, à òàêîæ ïðîìèñëîâîãî êîìïëåêñó ¹2 ç âèðîáíèöòâà ïðîäóêö³¿ â ñ. Ì³øêîâî-Ïîãîð³ëîâîìó Ìèêîëà¿âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³. Ïðîåêòíà ñóêóïíà ïîòóæí³ñòü ï³äïðèºìñòâ – áëèçüêî 1,5 ìëðä ïàêåò³â ñîê³â ³ ñîêîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ íà ð³ê. Çàãàëüíà äîáîâà ïðîäóêòèâí³ñòü êîìïàí³¿ «Ñàíäîðà» ñêëàäàº ïîíàä ÷îòèðè ì³ëüéîíè ïàêåò³â. Íà âèðîáíèöòâ³ ïðàöþþòü 26 ë³í³é ðîçëèâó â óïàêîâêó Tetra Pak, 2 ë³í³¿ àñåïòè÷íî¿ ÏÅÒ-óïàêîâêè ³ íîâà ë³í³ÿ ç âèðîáíèöòâà ãàçîâàíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿. Øòàò ïðàö³âíèê³â êîìïàí³¿ – áëèçüêî 3,5 òèñÿ÷³ îñ³á. Äî ïðîäóêòîâîãî ïîðòôåëþ êîìïàí³¿ ñüîãîäí³ âõîäèòü 17 òîðãîâèõ ìàðîê: 8 ñîêîâèõ áðåíä³â, 2 áðåíäà õîëîäíîãî ÷àþ, 1 áðåíäè ñîêîâîãî íàïîþ, 1 áðåíä âîäè ç³ ñìàêîì, 1 áðåíä ñîëîäêîãî ãàçîâàíîãî íàïîþ, 1 áðåíä åíåðãåòè÷íîãî íàïîþ, 1 áðåíä ÷³ïñ³â òà 2 áðåíäè âèíà. Àñîðòèìåíò ïðîäóêö³¿ ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà» ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ìàéæå 300-ìè ïîçèö³ÿìè. ²íäåêñ âï³çíàâàííÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ êîìïàí³¿ «Ñàíäîðà» ó ñïîæèâà÷³â ñêëàäàº 90%. Öå íàéâèùèé ïîêàçíèê ñåðåä óñ³õ âèðîáíèê³â ñîê³â ³ ñîêîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ â Óêðà¿í³. Ïðîäóêö³ÿ ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà» ïðåäñòàâëåíà â óñ³õ ö³íîâèõ êàòåãîð³ÿõ é äîñòóïíà ñïîæèâà÷åâ³ ç áóäü-ÿêèì ð³âíåì äîõîäó. ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà» – öå íàéðîçâèíóò³øà ñèñòåìà äèñòðèáóö³¿. Òîðãîâ³ ïðåäñòàâíèöòâà êîìïàí³¿ îáñëóãîâóþòü á³ëüøó ÷àñòèíó òåðèòîð³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Â³ää³ëè ïðÿìèõ ïðîäàæ³â ðîçòàøîâàí³ â 9-òè îáëàñòÿõ Óêðà¿íè: Êè¿âñüê³é, Äí³ïðîïåòðîâñüê³é, Äîíåöüê³é, Õàðê³âñüê³é, Ëüâ³âñüê³é, Ð³âíåíñüê³é, Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é, Îäåñüê³é, Çàïîð³æñüê³é. ÒÎÂ «Ñàíäîðà» åêñïîðòóº 25% ñâîº¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ùî

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Компанія «Сандора» створена 1995 року і вже протягом 14 років залишається лідером вітчизняного сокового ринку. За даними незалежних досліджень, на долю продаж компанії «Сандора» припадає більше 47% всіх обсягів роздрібних продажів соків, нектарів та напоїв в Україні. ñêëàäàº á³ëüøå 67% âñåóêðà¿íñüêîãî åêñïîðòó ñîê³â. Ïðîäóêö³ÿ êîìïàí³¿ ïðåäñòàâëåíà â ïîíàä 20-òè êðà¿íàõ ñâ³òó: ÑØÀ, Âåëèê³é Áðèòàí³¿, Í³ìå÷÷èí³, Øâåö³¿, ²çðà¿ë³, Ãðåö³¿, Ïîëüù³, Êàíàä³, à òàêîæ â êðà¿íàõ áëèæíüîãî çàðóá³ææÿ – Ðîñ³¿, Á³ëîðóñ³¿, Ìîëäîâ³, Ëèòâ³, Ëàòâ³¿, Åñòîí³¿, Àçåðáàéäæàí³, Â³ðìåí³¿, Ãðóç³¿, Êàçàõñòàí³, Êèðãèçñòàí³. 2007 ðîêó 100% àêö³é êîìïàí³¿ «Ñàíäîðà» áóëî ïðèäáàíî êîìïàí³ÿìè PepsiAmericas (60%) ³ PepsiCo (40%). Ç ìîìåíòó êóï³âë³ êîìïàí³¿ ³íâåñòèö³¿ â ðîçøèðåííÿ ïîòóæíîñòåé êîìïàí³¿ ñêëàäàþòü á³ëüøå í³æ 75 ìëí äîëàð³â.

Індекс впізнавання продукції компанії «Сандора» у споживачів складає 90%. Це найвищий показник серед усіх виробників соків і сокової продукції в Україні.

Óñâ³äîìëþþ÷è ïîâíîþ ì³ðîþ, ùî â ñó÷àñíîìó ñóñï³ëüñòâ³ äîâãîñòðîêîâèé óñï³õ ìîæëèâèé ëèøå ïðè óìîâ³ ñîö³àëüíî¿ ñòàá³ëüíîñò³, êîìïàí³ÿ «Ñàíäîðà» íå ò³ëüêè ïðàãíå çàáåçïå÷èòè íàëåæíèé ð³âåíü æèòòÿ ñâî¿õ ñï³âðîá³òíèê³â, àëå ³ â³äïîâ³äàëüíî ñòàâèòüñÿ äî ðîçâèòêó ñóñï³ëüñòâà â ö³ëîìó, ïðèéìàþ÷³ àêòèâíó ó÷àñòü â ð³çíîìàí³òíèõ ñîö³àëüíèõ ïðîãðàìàõ, òà ñïðàâíî ñïëà÷óþ÷è ïîäàòêè. Êîìïàí³ÿ «Ñàíäîðà» ùîð³÷íî áåðå ó÷àñòü ó ñîö³àëüíèõ ïðîãðàìàõ Ìèêîëà¿âñüêîãî îáëàñíîãî áëàãîä³éíîãî ôîíäó, ô³íàíñóº çàñíîâàíó îáëàñíîþ äåðæàâíîþ àäì³í³ñòðàö³ºþ ïðîãðàìó ç ðåàë³çàö³¿ â Ìèêîëà¿âñüê³é îáëàñò³ ñîö³àëüíîâàæëèâèõ ïðîåêò³â, íàäàº ñïîíñîðñüêó àäðåñíó ï³äòðèìêó äèòÿ÷èì áóäèíêàì, øêîëàì, ìîëîä³æíèì îðãàí³çàö³ÿì òà ò.³í.

Sandora LLC is the domestic juice market leader Sandora was established in 1995. The Company has been the domestic juice market leader for the last 14 years. According to independent research Sandora’s market share is more than 47 % the of total retail sales of juices, nectars and drinks in Ukraine. Our Company’s production facilities include the processing and production of juice-based products. They consist of Manufacturing Complex No. 1 in Mykolayivske village, Mykolayiv region, two fruit and vegetable processing season factories in Kherson region and Crimea, Manufacturing Complex No. 2 in MeshkovoPogorelovo village, Mykolayiv region. The total project facility of these entities is around 1, 5 billion packs of juice and juice-based products annually. The total daily productivity of Sandora

is more than 4 million packs. There are 26 Tetra Pak lines, 2 aseptic PET lines and a new line for carbonated soft drinks. The Company employs more than 3500 people. Today Sandora is the leader of juice and nectar production. This is the result of the company’s innovation, manufacturing process perfection, new product development and use of advance technologies. Today the Sandora products portfolio consists of 17 trademarks: eight juice brands, two ice tea brands, one juice beverage, one flavored water brand, one carbonated drink, one energy drink, one chips brand and 2 wine brands. The range of the company’s product includes about 300 items. Recognition index of Sandora products is 90%. This is the highest index among all juice and juice-based product manufacturers in Ukraine. Sandora products are represented in all price categories and they are affordable for any income brackets. The sales Unit of Sandora LLC provides a whole spectrum of services concerning sales of the company both in the territory of Ukraine and beyond its borders. Three basic directions are determined: direct sales, sales through dealers and export. Direct sales departments are located in 9 regions of Ukraine: Kiev, Dnepropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kharkov, Lvov, Rovno, Nikolayev, Odessa and Zaporozhe. Sandora LLC exports 25 % of its products or 67 % of Ukrainian juice export. Sandora’s products are sold in more than 20 countries all over the world: United States of America, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, Israel, Greece, Poland, Canada, and in neighbor states – Russia, Belarus, Moldova, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia. In 2007 100% of Sandora LLC shares were purchased by PepsiAmericas (60%) and PepsiCo (40%). Since then the total investment in company development has amounted more than 75,000,000 USD. Realizing in full that in modern society longterm success is possible only if social stability exists, Sandora not only aspires to provide its employees with a decent standard of living but also takes active part in social programs. Social responsibility, as the company sees it, is the absolute priority of social, ethical and legal standards.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Владимир ВОЗИЯН:

«Мы создаем коллектив, а коллектив создает нас» Есть такое выражение: «На таких людях земля держится». И его в полной мере можно применить к успешному руководителю Владимиру Ивановичу Возияну. Его Вознесенское автотранспортное предприятие – фирма «Викон» – имеет заслуженную безупречную репутацию. О фирме и о том, как достичь успехов в бизнесе, мы беседуем с Владимиром Ивановичем. – Íàñêîëüêî íàì èçâåñòíî, ñâîþ ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëüñêóþ äåÿòåëüíîñòü Âû íà÷èíàëè c ïðîäàæè íåôòåïðîäóêòîâ. Êàê ïðèøëè ê èäåå çàíÿòüñÿ òðàíñïîðòèðîâêîé? – Ìû è âïðàâäó áûëè â ÷èñëå ïåðâûõ, êîìó ïðèøëà â ãîëîâó ìûñëü çàíÿòüñÿ îïòîâîé ïîñòàâêîé íåôòåïðîäóêòîâ. À òðàíñïîðòíàÿ îòðàñëü áûëà òîãäà â çàïóùåííîì ñîñòîÿíèè. ß íà÷èíàë íà ýòîì ïðåäïðèÿòèè, êîãäà îíî áûëî ïîëíûì áàíêðîòîì, åãî ñîáèðàëèñü ðàñïðîäàòü. Âûñòóïèë c ïðåäëîæåíèåì îáúåäèíèòü âñå òðàíñïîðòíûå ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ ãîðîäà â îäíî ìîùíîå. Ýòî î÷åíü íå ïîíðàâèëîñü äðóãèì ðóêîâîäèòåëÿì. Íî ÿ èì ñêàçàë: «Ïîäîæäèòå, ðåáÿòà, âðåìÿ ïîêàæåò». È ñòàë ðàáîòàòü. Ñåé÷àñ ìîå ïðåäïðèÿòèå – ôàêòè÷åñêè åäèíñòâåííîå, îñòàâøååñÿ â ãîðîäå. – À ÷òî â ýòîì íîâîì äåëå îêàçàëîñü ñàìûì ñëîæíûì? – Îòñóòñòâèå â îáùåãîñóäàðñòâåííîì ìàñøòàáå íîðìàëüíîãî çàêîíîäàòåëüñòâà. ×òî íóæíî? ×åòêèé òàðèô. ×àñòíèê òû èëè íåò, íî íèæå ýòîãî òàðèôà íèêòî íå äîëæåí îñóùåñòâëÿòü ïåðåâîçêè. Ïóñòü ýòî áóäåò, ñêàæåì, 40 êîïååê çà òîííî-êèëîìåòð, à âñå, ÷òî òû ìîæåøü âçÿòü ñâåðõó, – ýòî òâîè çàñëóãè. È òîãäà áû áûëà äîáðîñîâåñòíàÿ êîíêóðåíöèÿ – êòî ëó÷øå è êà÷åñòâåííåå ñâîè óñëóãè ïðåäëîæèò, ó êîãî áîëüøå, ó êîãî ìåíüøå êëèåíòóðà. Ýòî êàê íà ïðîèçâîäñòâå: èëè ìû ïðîèçâîäèì äîáðîêà÷åñòâåííûå òîâàðû, èëè ãîíèì êèòàéñêèé øèðïîòðåá, âðåäÿùèé çäîðîâüþ. ×òî ýòî, êàê íå óáèéñòâî ñîáñòâåííîãî ðûíêà ñîáñòâåííûìè ðóêàìè? – Âëàäèìèð Èâàíîâè÷, ñïðàâåäëèâî áóäåò çàìåòèòü, ÷òî â óñïåõàõ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ âàæíóþ ðîëü èãðàåò íå òîëüêî ðóêîâîäèòåëü, íî è êîëëåêòèâ... – Äà, êîíå÷íî. Ðóêîâîäèòåëü îäèí íè÷åãî íå äîáüåòñÿ, íî îí ìîæåò ïîâåñòè çà ñîáîé ëþäåé. Ìû ñîçäàåì êîëëåêòèâ, à êîëëåêòèâ ñîçäàåò íàñ. Ñïëîòèòü ëþäåé, íàìåòèòü öåëü, äîñòè÷ü åå. À òîãäà óæå ìîæíî çàíÿòüñÿ ðàçäà÷åé áëàã. Ó íàñ âåñü êîëëåêòèâ õîðîøèé. ß óæå íà ýòîì ïðåäïðèÿòèè äåñÿòü ëåò: î÷åíü ìíîãî íàðîäó ïîâèäàë. Äëÿ ëó÷øèõ ðàáîòíèêîâ ñîçäàâàëè

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

è ñîçäàåì îïðåäåëåííûå ïðåôåðåíöèè, íàïðèìåð, äàåì áåñïðîöåíòíóþ ññóäó, ïîìîãàåì ïðîâåñòè ãàç... Òàêèì îáðàçîì ñîáèðàåì è óäåðæèâàåì ëþäåé. – Òî åñòü êàäðû ðåøàþò âñå? – Ýòîò ëîçóíã íèêîãäà íå óñòàðååò. Òîëüêî ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûå êàäðû, òîëüêî ñïåöèàëèñòû ìîãóò âåñòè ïðåäïðèÿòèå ê ëó÷øåìó. – Ñêîëüêî ÷åëîâåê ó Âàñ ðàáîòàåò? – Äî âîñüìèäåñÿòè ÷åëîâåê. Ìû øòàò ïåðåñìàòðèâàåì, íî, â ñðåäíåì, òàê. – Ïëàíèðóåòå ëè äàëüíåéøåå ðàñøèðåíèå? – Êîíå÷íî. Â ñîâåòñêîå âðåìÿ ýòî ïðåäïðèÿòèå èìåëî ñâîè «êîëîííû» â Åëàíöå, â Äîìàíåâêå, â äðóãèõ ìåñòàõ. Âîò ÿ è äóìàþ, ÷òî íàäî âîçðîäèòü «êîëîííó» ãäå-íèáóäü åùå. – Âëàäèìèð Èâàíîâè÷, à êàêèìè ìàøèíàìè óêîìïëåêòîâàíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå? – Òåõíèêà ó íàñ èç ñòðàí áûâøåãî Ñîþçà – «ÌÀÇû», «ÊÀÌÀÇû». Íà èìïîðòíóþ ÿ ïåðåõîäèòü íå õî÷ó. Âî-ïåðâûõ, â íàøåé ñòðàíå íåò íîðìàëüíîãî ðûíêà íåôòåïðîäóêòîâ. À ðàç òàê, òî íåò è äîëæíîãî êà÷åñòâà. Òî åñòü íåò ñìûñëà ñâÿçûâàòüñÿ ñ èìïîðòíîé òåõíèêîé. Âòîðîå: òåõíè÷åñêîå îáñëóæèâàíèå. Ìû åãî ïðîâîäèì ñàìè. Ìû êîãäà-òî ñîáðàëèñü ïåðåéòè íà «MAN», âåëè ïåðåãîâîðû, íî ñ óñëîâèåì, ÷òî ìû ñòàâèì ñâîå ÑÒÎ. Ôèðìà íà ýòî íå ïîøëà. Òåõîáñëóæèâàíèå î÷åíü äîðîãîå. Çà÷åì ÿ áóäó êîãî-òî êîðìèòü? Òàê æå è ñ ëèçèíãîì...

– Ó Âàñ áåçóïðå÷íàÿ ðåïóòàöèÿ, êàê îíà äîñòèãàåòñÿ? – Ãëàâíîå – ïîíèìàòü ãðàíèöû äîïóñòèìîãî è óâàæàòü çàêîí. Âåäü áèçíåñ – ýòî òî, ÷òî ñòðîèòñÿ ãîäàìè è æèâåò íå îäíèì äíåì. À òî ìíîãèå ðóêîâîäñòâóþòñÿ ïðèíöèïîì: ìîë, íàøåë êàêóþ-òî ëàçåéêó, ïðîäàë è áûñòðî ïîëó÷èë äåíüãè. Òàê áèçíåñ íå âåäóò, ïîòîìó ÷òî ýòî âñå áûñòðî çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ. – Ñ ïîçèöèè ñîñòîÿâøåãîñÿ áèçíåñìåíà, ÷òî Âû ïîñîâåòîâàëè áû ìîëîäîìó ÷åëîâåêó, ìå÷òàþùåìó âñòàòü íà ïîäîáíûé ïóòü? – Îí äîëæåí ñ àçîâ çíàòü ñâîå äåëî. Áóäåò çíàòü – ó íåãî âñå ïîëó÷èòñÿ. À òî ïðèõîäÿò äèëåòàíòû, êîòîðûå íàáðàëè äîðîãèõ êðåäèòîâ, íàêóïèëè ìàøèí, íå ïðîñ÷èòàâ âñåõ ðèñêîâ, è äóìàëè, ÷òî óæ îíè îäíè ñ òðåìÿ âîäèòåëÿìè áóäóò èìåòü ïðåèìóùåñòâî, âåäü èì íè÷åãî ñîäåðæàòü íå íóæíî. Íó, è ãäå îíè òåïåðü? Óñòðàèâàþò çàáàñòîâêè, îáâèíÿÿ âñåõ è âñÿ. À ïî÷åìó îíè äóìàëè, ÷òî äîëëàðîâûå êðåäèòû äëÿ íèõ âûãîäíåå? Ïîòîìó ÷òî ïðîöåíòíàÿ ñòàâêà íèæå? À òî, ÷òî äîëëàð ìîæåò ðåçêî âûðàñòè, ýòî â ãîëîâó íå ïðèõîäèëî? Ïîâòîðþ, íàäî áûòü, ïðåæäå âñåãî, ñïåöèàëèñòîì è óìåòü ïðîñ÷èòûâàòü ñèòóàöèþ. – Â ìèðå áóøóåò êðèçèñ, à ëè÷íî Âû âèäèòå êàêîé-òî ïîçèòèâ? Åñëè äà, òî â ÷åì îí? – Ïîçèòèâ â ïåðåìåíàõ. Êàê áû íè ðàçâèâàëèñü ñîáûòèÿ, â êîíöå êîíöîâ, âñå ïðèäåò ê ëó÷øåìó.

Vladimir VOZIYAN:

«We create a collective, and the collective creates us» There is an expression: «the Earth stands on such people». And it completely refers to the successful director, Vladimir Ivanovich Voziyan. His Voznesensky motor transport enterprise – the firm «Vikon» has a deserved stainless reputation. We had a conversation with Vladimir Ivanovich about the firm and how to be successful in business. – As far as we know, you started your entrepreneurship affairs with sales of mineral oil. How did you get the idea to engage yourself in transportation?

the market with Chinese consumer goods that damage our health. How else is it called, if it’s not the killing of our own market by our own hands?

– Indeed we were one of the first who’s got an idea to start business in mineral oil wholesale delivery. And the transport branch was in a neglected condition at that time. I started my work for this enterprise when it was completely bankrupt, it was about to be sold. I reached out with an idea to consolidate all transportation agencies of the town as one powerful agency. Many directors fully neglected this idea at that time. But I told them: «Let’s see, fellows, time will show». And I started to work. Up to now my enterprise, in fact, is the only one left in the town.

– Vladimir Ivanovich, but isn’t it a fair sign, that not just a chief but a collective as well takes a significant part in a company’s success? – Yes, definitely. The chief on his own will achieve nothing, though he can lead people. We create a collective, and the collective creates us, to rally people, to set the goal and to reach it. And afterwards it will be time for blessings. All our collective is fairly good. I’ve been here at this enterprise for ten years in a row and have seen a lot of people. For the best workers we created and keep creating some defined preferences, for example: we grant those interest-free loans, we help to lay on gas... Thus we gather and we keep people.

– And what turned out to be most difficult in the new business? – An absence of normal legislation on a national scale. What is necessary? Clear tariffs. Whether you’re a private trader, or not, you cannot carry out transportation with a lower rate than your costs. Let it be, for instance, 40 kopecks per ton/kilometer and the more you can take is truly to your merit. So in this case there would be a diligent competition depending on those who will offer better and more high-quality services. Depending on those who`ve got more or less clients. It is similar to manufacturing: either we produce high-quality goods, or we provide

– You mean, personnel mean everything? – Of course! This slogan will never be outdated. Only professional staff, only experts can lead the enterprise to be the best. – Vladimir Ivanovich, and what cars does the enterprise use? – Our machinery was left from the countries of former Soviet Union – MAZs, KAMAZs. I don’t want to switch to foreign brands. First of all, there is no normal mineral oil market in our country. And if so, a proper quality is missing as well. It means there is no sense in dealing with foreign machinery. Second: maintenance service. We carry it out ourselves. Once we were about to switch to MAN, we carried on negotiations, but the condition was that we set our own service station. The company didn’t accept it. Servicing is very expensive. Why should I feed someone? The same thing happened with leasing... – You’ve got a stainless reputation. How can one achieve it? – The main thing is to understand the borders of the admissible and to respect the law.

After all a business is something that is under construction for years and lives not for one day. Because many are lead by a principle: one had found some opening, sold something and promptly got money. This is not the way business is done because all of it promptly comes to an end. – From a position of a current businessman, what would you advise to a young man, dreaming to follow a similar way? – My advice to a young man on becoming a successful businessman does not differ from advice on becoming a good professional. He should know his business from the basics. – Crisis rages all over the world and do you personally see anything positive? If yes, what is it? – The positive is in changes, no matter how things will go, but all in all everything is for the better.

КОНТАКТЫ CONTACTS ООО ВЭФ “ВИКОН” +38 05134 40 440, +38 05134 40 341 e-mail: voz_vikon@ukrpost.ua 56500, Николаевская обл., г. Вознесенськ, ул. Октябрской революции, 192 VIKON, Ltd +38 05134 40 440, +38 05134 40 341 e-mail: voz_vikon@ukrpost.ua 56500, Mykolayv region, Voznesensk, Oktyabrskoy Revolutions st. 192

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

«ЮГцемент» устойчив к кризису в мировой экономике В этом году потребление цемента в Украине снизилось на 39,3% в связи с падением темпов строительства. Тем не менее, «ЮГцемент» не только сохранил свою долю рынка, но и воплощает в жизнь план интенсивной модернизации завода. И это лучшие доказательства успешности компании. О составляющих успеха мы беседуем с генеральным директором ОАО «ЮГцемент» Владимиром Зиновьевичем ВЕГЕРИНСКИМ. – Âëàäèìèð Çèíîâüåâè÷, ÷òî ñîáîé ïðåäñòàâëÿåò íà ñåãîäíÿøíèé äåíü ïðåäïðèÿòèå ÎÀÎ «ÞÃöåìåíò»? – Ìû – êðóïíåéøåå ïðåäïðèÿòèå ñòðîèòåëüíûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ íà þãå Óêðàèíû (íàõîäèìñÿ â 35 êì îò Íèêîëàåâà) ñ ïðîåêòíîé ìîùíîñòüþ 1,25 ìëí ò öåìåíòà â ãîä. ÎÀÎ «ÞÃöåìåíò» – ïîëíîïðàâíûé ÷ëåí áîëüøîãî ñåìåéñòâà öåìåíòíûõ çàâîäîâ, âõîäÿùèõ â êîíãëîìåðàò ìèðîâîãî ìàñøòàáà, ñîçäàííûé ãðóïïàìè êîìïàíèé «Äèêåðãîôô» è «Áóöè Óíè÷åì». Ãðóïïû âåäóò àêòèâíóþ äåÿòåëüíîñòü ïî ïðîèçâîäñòâó öåìåíòà è áåòîíà, à òàêæå èíåðòíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ, òàêèõ êàê ïåñîê è ùåáåíü. Çàâîäû àëüÿíñà ðàçìåùåíû âî ìíîãèõ ñòðàíàõ ìèðà. Â Óêðàèíå æå èíòåðåñû àëüÿíñà ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ÎÎÎ «Äèêåðãîôô (Óêðàèíà)» – êîìïàíèÿ, óïðàâëÿþùàÿ òðåìÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿìè ïî ïðîèçâîäñòâó öåìåíòà: «Âîëûíü-Öåìåíò», «ÞÃöåìåíò» è «Êèåâöåìåíò», à òàêæå øåñòüþ áåòîííûìè çàâîäàìè â Êèåâå, Îäåññå, Íèêîëàåâå è Ñåâàñòîïîëå. – Âûäåëèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, îñíîâíûå ñîñòàâëÿþùèå óñïåõà êîìïàíèè. – ß áû íàçâàë ÷åòûðå íåïðåìåííûõ êîìïîíåíòà: âî-ïåðâûõ, íàø îïûò ðàáîòû â îòðàñëè; âî-âòîðûõ, íàøè ñîòðóäíèêè; â-òðåòüèõ, èííîâàöèîííûé ïîäõîä; â-÷åòâåðòûõ, íàøà áèçíåñ-ýòèêà. – Òîãäà äàâàéòå ïî ïîðÿäêó. È êàêîâ îïûò? – Ïðåäïðèÿòèå îñíîâàíî â 1968 ãîäó, ïðàâäà, òîãäà ýòî áûë Îëüøàíñêèé öåìåíòíûé çàâîä. Íàøà èñòîðèÿ ðàáîòû ñ öåìåíòîì íàñ÷èòûâàåò áîëåå 40 ëåò. È çà ýòî âðåìÿ íàìè âûïóùåíî ñâûøå 40 ìëí ò ïðîäóêöèè.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

– Ïåðåõîäèì êî âòîðîìó ïóíêòó – âàøè ñîòðóäíèêè… – Íèêàêàÿ òåîðèÿ, ïðîãðàììà èëè ïðàâèòåëüñòâåííàÿ ïîëèòèêà íå ìîãóò ñäåëàòü ïðåäïðèÿòèå óñïåøíûì, ýòî ìîãóò ñäåëàòü òîëüêî ëþäè. Ïîýòîìó íàøå ïðåäïðèÿòèå ñòàðàåòñÿ çàáîòèòüñÿ î ñâîèõ ðàáîòíèêàõ. Âî-ïåðâûõ, ìû – êðóïíûé ðàáîòîäàòåëü: 572 ÷åëîâåêà çàíÿòû íàïðÿìóþ, êðîìå òîãî, ïðåäïðèÿòèå äîïîëíèòåëüíî ãåíåðèðóåò çàêàçû äëÿ áîëüøîãî ÷èñëà ïîäðÿäíûõ îðãàíèçàöèé. Äëÿ ñîòðóäíèêîâ ó íàñ ïðåäîñòàâëÿþòñÿ áåñïëàòíûå îáåäû, ìåäèöèíñêîå ñòðàõîâàíèå, ëüãîòíûå ïóòåâêè íà áàçó îòäûõà. Âî-âòîðûõ, «ÞÃöåìåíò» ïî èòîãàì 2008 ãîäà – òðåòèé ïî îáúåìàì íàëîãîïëàòåëüùèê Íèêîëàåâñêîé îáëàñòè. – ×òî êàñàåòñÿ òðåòüåé ñîñòàâëÿþùåé óñïåõà, èííîâàöèé, ðàññêàæèòå î íèõ ïîäðîáíåå. – Áëàãîäàðÿ èíâåñòèöèÿì ñîáñòâåííèêîâ, â ÎÀÎ «ÞÃöåìåíò» ïðîâåäåíà ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ ëèíèé, à òàêæå îïòèìèçèðîâàíû ïðîöåññû îáðàáîòêè çàÿâîê, ëîãèñòèêè è êîíòðîëÿ êà÷åñòâà ïðîäóêöèè. Íàø öåíòðàëüíûé èíâåñòèöèîííûé ïðîåêò çàâåðøèòñÿ â àïðåëå 2010 ã. – ýòî ïåðåâîä çàâîäà íà óãîëüíîå òîïëèâî, êîòîðûé ïîçâîëèò çàìåíèòü â ïðîöåññå îáæèãà êëèíêåðà äîðîãîñòîÿùèé ïðèðîäíûé ãàç íà óãîëüíóþ ïûëü è òåì ñàìûì ñóùåñòâåííî ñíèçèòü ñåáåñòîèìîñòü ïðîäóêöèè. Êðîìå òîãî, ìû âíåäðèëè êîìïëåêñíûå àâòîìàòèçèðîâàííûå ñèñòåìû òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîãî ìîíèòîðèíãà ïðîèçâîäñòâà, à òàêæå êóïèëè ñîâðåìåííîå îáîðóäîâàíèå äëÿ ëàáîðàòîðèè. Â ðåçóëüòàòå ïðîäóêòû ïðîõîäÿò ìíîãîóðîâíåâóþ ñèñòåìó êîíòðîëÿ, âêëþ÷àÿ ðåãóëÿðíûå

ïðîâåðêè â èíñòèòóòå êà÷åñòâà öåìåíòà êîìïàíèè «Äèêåðãîôô» â Âèñáàäåíå. – Çàãîâîðèâ î êà÷åñòâå, âû àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé ïåðåøëè ê ÷åòâåðòîé ñîñòàâëÿþùåé óñïåõà ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ – ê áèçíåñ-ýòèêå «ÞÃöåìåíòà». – Êîíå÷íî, ïðåäîñòàâëÿòü ïîòðåáèòåëÿì òîëüêî êà÷åñòâåííûé ïðîäóêò – îáÿçàòåëüíîå óñëîâèå. À åñëè ãîâîðèòü â öåëîì, òî íàøè îòíîøåíèÿ êàê ñ ïîòðåáèòåëÿìè, òàê è ñ êîíêóðåíòàìè ñòðîÿòñÿ íà ïàðòíåðñòâå, ÷åñòíîñòè, âçàèìîóâàæåíèè è äîâåðèè. Ñî ìíîãèìè êëèåíòàìè ìû ðàáîòàåì äåñÿòèëåòèÿìè, è îíè îòêëîíÿþò âûãîäíûå öåíîâûå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ êîíêóðåíòîâ, ïîòîìó ÷òî õîòÿò ðàáîòàòü òîëüêî ñ íàìè. Ìû òùàòåëüíî ïîäõîäèì ê âûáîðó ïîêóïàòåëåé, ïîñêîëüêó ÷óâñòâóåì îòâåòñòâåííîñòü êàê çà ñâîè, òàê è çà èõ äåéñòâèÿ. Ìû àíàëèçèðóåì òåíäåíöèè â îòðàñëÿõ, ãäå ðàáîòàþò íàøè êëèåíòû. Äëÿ íàñ ñòðàòåãè÷åñêè âàæíî ðàçâèâàòü ëèíåéêó âèäîâ öåìåíòà äëÿ íîâûõ íàïðàâëåíèé â ñòðîèòåëüíîé îòðàñëè. Íàïðèìåð, â ýòîì ãîäó ìû íà÷àëè âûïóñêàòü öåìåíò ÏÖ ²-500, ðàçðàáîòàííûé ñïåöèàëüíî ïîä ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé ãàçîáåòîíà. È, êîíå÷íî æå, ìû âñåãäà â êóðñå òîãî, ÷òî ïðîèñõîäèò â öåìåíòíîé îòðàñëè â Óêðàèíå è ìèðå. – Òî åñòü êðèçèñ âàñ íå èñïóãàë? – Íèñêîëüêî. Ìû âåðèì â áîëüøîé ïîòåíöèàë ðîñòà âíóòðåííåãî ðûíêà öåìåíòà â Óêðàèíå.

YUGcement is stable to the world economy crisis The consumption of cement decreased by 39,3% yoy due to reduction of the pace of construction. However, the YUGcement not only keeps the market share, but also put into life plan of intensive plant modernization. These are the best proofs of YUGcement success. We are talking with the general director of the OJSC YUGcement, Vladimir Vegerinskiy, about the ingredients of the company success. – Mr. Vegerinskiy, what is OJSC YUGcement for today? – We are the largest enterprise of building materials on the south of Ukraine (we are situated 35 km from Nikolaev) with an estimated capacity of 1.25 million tons of cement per year. OJSC YUGcement is a competent member of a big family of cement plants, forming a glodal conglomerate created by the group of companies Dyckerhoff and Buzzi Unicem. The groups are engaged in producing cement and concrete on own plants located worldwide. In Ukraine the interests of the alliance are represented by the Dyckerhoff Ukraine, which manages three cement producers: Volyn-Cement, YUGcement and Kievcement as well as six concrete-mixing plants in Kyiv, Odessa, Nikolayev and Sevastopol. – Could you, please, underline the main components of the company’s success? – I could name four vital components. First is our industry experience, second – our employees, third – an innovative approach, and fourth – our business ethics. – So, let’s go one by one. Which experience do you have? – Our enterprise was found in 1968, than it was called Olshansk Cement Factory. So we have more than 40 years of history with cement. And we have produced more than 40 million tons of product for this of time. – Let’s go to the second point: your employees… – No theory, program or government policy can lead company to success – only people can do this. That is why our company cares about

employees. By the way, we are a big employer: 572 persons are employed directly, besides that the enterprise additionally generates orders for many local contracting agencies. Our employees are provided with free lunches, medical insurance and preferential vouchers to the recreation centers. In 2008 YUGcement was the third largest taxpayer in the Nikolaev region. – What is concerning the third component of success – innovations? Please tell us about them in detail. – Thanks to the investments of the owners, OJSC YUGcement production lines were modernized along with optimization of orders handling, logistics and quality control procedures. Our main investment project is to be finished in April 2010. It is about the conversion of the plant to coal fuel, which will allow us to replace expensive natural gas, which is used for clinker firing, by powdered coal. This way we will considerably reduce the production cost. Besides that we have introduced complex automated systems of technological monitoring of production, and bought modern equipment for laboratory. As a result, the products go through a multilevel control system, including a regular check of the cement quality in the institute of the company Dyckerhoff in Wiesbaden. – As you have started telling about quality, we automatically proceeded to the fourth component of the company success: to the business-ethics of YUGcement. – Indeed, our mission is to supply our consumers with high quality products. In general, our relations with both consumers and competitors are built on partnership, honesty, mutual respect and trust. With many clients we are working for

decades and they decline the best price offers from competitors, because they are loyal to us. We carefully chose our customers, because we feel responsible for both our and their actions. On permanent basis we analyze tendencies in the sectors where our clients make business. It is strategically important for us to develop a line of cement types for using in new areas in the building industry. For example, this year we started to produce cement PCI-500, which was developed specially for producers of aero-crete. Finally, we always keep abreast of what is happening in the cement sector, both in Ukraine and in the world. – So the crisis didn’t intimidate you? – No, it didn’t. The matter of a fact is that we believe in the great potential for domestic cement market growth in Ukraine.

КОНТАКТЫ CONTACTS ОАО «ЮГцемент» Тел.: +380512 594 501 Тел./Факс: +380512 516 830 e-mail: sales-yug@dyckerhoff.com ул. Промышленная , 9, 57113, пгт. Ольшанское, Николаевская обл., Николаевский р-н, Украина OJSC YUGcement Phone: +380512 594 501 Fax: +380512 516 830 e-mail: sales-yug@dyckerhoff.com Promyslova str. 9, 57113, Olshanske, Mykolaiv region, Ukraine.

ÌÈÊÎËÀ¯ÂÑÜÊÀ ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ MYKOLAYIV REGION

Продукция «Первомайскдизельмаш» на страже экологии и энергосбережения

Михаил ЮДИН, АООТ «Первомайскдизельмаш»

Акционерное общество «Первомайскдизельмаш» в следующем году отметит юбилей: 135 лет со дня основания. Это долгий путь развития и совершенствования: от производства простых сельскохозяйственных машин до современного профильного предприятия по выпуску сложной машиностроительной продукции.

à ñåãîäíÿøíèé äåíü ÀÎÎÒ «Ïåðâîìàéñêäèçåëüìàø» ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííûì ìàøèíîñòðîèòåëüíûì ïðåäïðèÿòèåì ïî ïðîèçâîäñòâó äâèãàòåëü-ãåíåðàòîðîâ è êîãåíåðàöèîííûõ óñòàíîâîê íà èõ áàçå ýëåêòðè÷åñêîé ìîùíîñòüþ îò 300 äî 800 êÂò, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûõ äëÿ àâòîíîìíîãî ýëåêòðî– è òåïëîñíàáæåíèÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ îáúåêòîâ. Îòâå÷àÿ íà âñ¸ áîëåå âîçðàñòàþùèå òðåáîâàíèÿ çàêàç÷èêà, ÀÎÎÒ «Ïåðâîìàéñêäèçåëüìàø» ïîñòîÿííî âåäåò ðàáîòû ïî ñîâåðøåíñòâîâàíèþ âûïóñêàåìûõ êîãåíåðàöèîííûõ óñòàíîâîê è ñîçäàíèþ íîâûõ, èñ-

ïîëüçóþùèõ àëüòåðíàòèâíûå âèäû òîïëèâà. Êîãåíåðàöèîííûå óñòàíîâêè ïðîèçâîäñòâà ÀÎÎÒ «Ïåðâîìàéñêäèçåëüìàø», íå òðåáóÿ áîëüøèõ êàïèòàëîâëîæåíèé, çíà÷èòåëüíî ïîâûøàþò ýíåðãåòè÷åñêóþ áåçîïàñíîñòü ïðåäïðèÿòèé, à êðîìå òîãî ïîçâîëÿþò: ýêîíîìèòü áîëåå 40 % ïðèìåíÿåìûõ âèäîâ òîïëèâà ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ ðàçäåëüíîé âûðàáîòêîé òåïëîòû è ýëåêòðîýíåðãèè; ïðèìåíÿòü àëüòåðíàòèâíûå âèäû òîïëèâà; ñíèæàòü óðîâíè âûáðîñîâ òîêñè÷íûõ âåùåñòâ è ïàðíèêîâûõ ãàçîâ. Â öåëîì çà ñ÷¸ò íèçêîé ñåáåñòîèìîñòè âûðàáàòûâàåìîé ýëåêòðîýíåðãèè è òåïëà ñðîê îêóïàåìîñòè

êàïèòàëîâëîæåíèé, èäóùèõ íà èõ âíåäðåíèå â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ, íå ïðåâûøàåò 3-õ ëåò. Â òåêóùåì ãîäó íà ïåðâîì âñåóêðàèíñêîì êîíêóðñå «Òîï-ýíåðãîýôôåêòèâíîñòü» ïðîäóêöèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ îòìå÷åíà Äèïëîìîì ïîáåäèòåëÿ. Íî ñàìîé áîëüøîé ãîðäîñòüþ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ ÿâëÿþòñÿ åãî ðàáîòíèêè. Çäåñü îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ êîìïëåêñíàÿ ïðîãðàììà «Ïåðñîíàë», íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà ïîäãîòîâêó, çàêðåïëåíèå è ïîääåðæêó ìîëîäûõ ñïåöèàëèñòîâ è ðàáî÷èõ. È â ýòîì çàáîòà î çàâòðàøíåì äíå ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ, î òåõ, êòî áóäåò ñîâåðøåíñòâîâàòü è âûïóñêàòü íîâóþ ïðîäóêöèþ íà îäíîì èç ñòàðåéøèõ, íî âñåãäà óñòðåìëåííûõ â áóäóùåå, çàâîäîâ Íèêîëàåâñêîé îáëàñòè. Âîçãëàâëÿåò ýòîò óñïåøíûé êîëëåêòèâ óìåëûé è òàëàíòëèâûé ðóêîâîäèòåëü, êàíäèäàò ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ íàóê, çàñëóæåííûé ìàøèíîñòðîèòåëü Óêðàèíû, êàâàëåð îðäåíà «Çà çàñëóãè» 3-é ñòåïåíè Þäèí Ìèõàèë Àéçèêîâè÷.

Pervomaiskdieselmash Products Keep an Eye on the Ecology and Energy Efficiency Next year Pervomaiskdieselmash JSC will celebrate its 135th anniversary from the day of its founding. That’s a long path of development and self-improvement: from the production of mere agricultural machines to the up-to-date field-specific enterprise, producing complex machine-building products.

oday Pervomaiskdieselmash JSC is a field-specific machine-building enterprise which produces motor generators and cogeneration plants with electric power from 300 to 800 kW, intended for the autonomous electrical and heat supply of various objects. By meeting the constantly growing demands of its customers, Pervomaiskdieselmash JSC regularly improves the cogeneration plants it produces and designs new ones, those using alternative fuels. Cogeneration plants manufactured by Pervomaiskdieselmash JSC do not require big investments, but considerably increase the security of the energy supply of entities. Besides that, they help save more than 40% of employed types of fuel compared to separate heat production and energy; use alternative fuels; and decrease the level of toxic releases and greenhouse gases. Overall, due to low net cost of energy and heat produced, the term of its return of capital (which goes on implementation of it in operation) does not exceed three years. In the current year, the products of the enterprise have been marked off with a winner’s

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КОНТАКТЫ CONTACTS certificate in the first All-Ukrainian Contest «Top Energy Efficiency». But the biggest pride the company takes is in its employees. Here it runs a complex program for personnel, aimed at training and supporting young professionals and workers. In such a way the company cares for tomorrow, for those who will improve and manufacture new products on one of the oldest, but always looking to the future, factories of Mykolayiv region. This successful team works under the leadership of Yudin Mykhaylo, a skilled and talented supervisor, Ph.D. in Economics, honored mechanic engineer of Ukraine, chevalier of Order of Merit of the 3rd degree.

55200, Николаевская область, Первомайск, ул. Гагарина,17 тел.: (+3805161) 5-23-36, 5-44-68, факс: (+3805161) 5-41-69 e-mail: dieselmash@visp.com.ua http://www.dieselmash.com.ua 55200, Mykolaiv region, Pervomaysk, 17 Gagarina Str. Tel.: (+3805161) 5-23-36, 5-44-68, Fax: (+3805161) 5-41-69 E-mail: dieselmash@visp.com.ua http://www.dieselmash.com.ua

Ліцензія видана департаментом САТ ДПА України серія АВ 106966 від 20.08.2007р.

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ – Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ UKRAINE – GERMANY

Німеччина – країна ідеального порядку та ділового розмаху

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

СТИСЛО ПРО НІМЕЧЧИНУ Федеративна Республіка Німеччина – сучасна велика держава. Її загальна територія охоплює 357,021 кв. км. Загальна сухопутна територія країни займає площу 349,223 кв. км., а водний простір – 7,798 кв. км. Населення Німеччини – 83 мільйони мешканців, з них 75 мільйонів з німецьким, а 8 мільйонів – з іноземним громадянством. Посідає друге місце серед низки густонаселених держав Європи. Щільність населення – 239 осіб на кв. км. Німеччина є членом Європейського Союзу. Рівень економіки країни вважається одним з найвищих у Європі. Найпопулярнішим видом спорту в Німеччині вважається футбол. Німецька футбольна асоціація – найбільша подібна організація в світі. Столиця – Берлін. До числа інших великих міст країни належать Гамбург, Кельн, Мюнхен, Дюссельдорф, Штутгарт, Ганновер і Бремен. Час середньоєвропейський: відстає від київського на 1 годину.

BRIEFLY ABOUT GERMANY The Federal Republic of Germany is a big modern country. Its total area covers 357,021 km2. The total land area is 349,223 km2 and water area – 7,798 km2. Germany has a population of 82 million inhabitants, 75 million of them have German citizenship and 8 million have foreign citizenship. It is second among the most densely populated countries of Europe. The density of population is 239/km2. Germany is a member of the European Union. The level of the country’s economy is considered to be one of the highest in Europe. The most popular kind of sport in Germany is football. The German Football Association is the largest organisation of such kind worldwide. The capital city is Berlin. Hamburg, Cologne, Munich, Düsseldorf, Stuttgart, Hanover and Bremen are among the other big cities of the country. The time is central European (CET): the time lag is one hour compared to Kiev.

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ – Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ UKRAINE – GERMANY

Цьогоріч дипломатичним відносинам між Україною та Федеративною Республікою Німеччина виповнюється 20 років. Саме 20 років тому впала Берлінська стіна, і Західна та Східна Німеччини знову стали єдиною державою. 1991 року Німеччина однією з перших серед країн «Великої сімки» визнала незалежність України. За цей період неодноразово було доведено, що обидві країни вміють і хочуть співпрацювати. Про результати цієї співпраці та про майбутні перспективи ми говоримо з Гансом-Юрґеном Гаймзьотом – Надзвичайним та Повноважним Послом Німеччини в Україні.

Ганс-Юрґен Гаймзьот:

«Українці – гостинний та відкритий народ» 54

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

– Ïàíå Ïîñîë, ñêàæ³òü, áóäü ëàñêà, ÿêèì ÷èíîì, íà Âàøó äóìêó, ³ì³äæ êðà¿íè âïëèâàº íà ¿¿ ³íâåñòèö³éíó ïðèâàáëèâ³ñòü? – Äîâ³ðà â³ä³ãðàº âåëèêó ðîëü â óõâàëåíí³ ð³øåíü ïðî ³íâåñòèö³¿, òîìó, çâ³ñíî æ, ñóòòºâå çíà÷åííÿ ìàº ðîçáóäîâà êîæíîþ êðà¿íîþ ì³æíàðîäíî¿ äîâ³ðè òà âì³ííÿ çáåðåãòè òàêó ðåïóòàö³þ ó äîâãîñòðîêîâ³é ïåðñïåêòèâ³. Íàéêðàùå öå âäàºòüñÿ òîä³, êîëè êðà¿íà ñòâîðþº ä³ëîâèé êë³ìàò, ÿêèé ñïðèÿº ³íâåñòèö³ÿì, âæèâàº åôåêòèâíèõ çàõîä³â ïðîòè êîðóïö³¿ ³ ñòâîðþº ñòàá³ëüí³ ïðàâîâ³ ðàìêîâ³ óìîâè.

– Ó ñâî¿õ ÷èñëåííèõ ³íòåðâ’þ Âè òàêîæ êàçàëè, ùî îäíå ç ãîëîâíèõ çàâäàíü Óêðà¿íè – «ñòâîðèòè òàê³ çàêîíè ³ ïðàâî, ùîá âîíè ñïðèÿëè ³íâåñòèö³ÿì». Ðîçêàæ³òü äîêëàäí³øå, íà ÷îìó ïåðøî÷åðãîâî ñë³ä çîñåðåäèòè óâàãó íàøèì çàêîíîäàâöÿì. – Íà æàëü, Óêðà¿íà ïîñ³äàº íå äóæå âèñîê³ ì³ñöÿ â ì³æíàðîäíèõ ðåéòèíãàõ ä³ëîâîãî êë³ìàòó. Ïðèíàéìí³ ðåçóëüòàòè àæ í³ÿê íå â³äïîâ³äàþòü íàÿâíîìó ïîòåíö³àëîâ³. ²ñíóº íèçêà çàõîä³â, ÿê³ ìîãëè á ïîñïðèÿòè òîìó, ùîá Óêðà¿íà ñòàëà ïðèâàáëèâ³øîþ äëÿ ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòîð³â. Äî íèõ íàëåæèòü, çîêðåìà, ñêàñóâàííÿ ïîäàòêó íà ³íâåñòèö³éí³ òîâàðè, ùî ñòàíóòü ÷àñòèíîþ óñòàâíîãî êàï³òàëó òî¿ ÷è òî¿ ô³ðìè. Íå ñïðèÿº ³íâåñòèö³ÿì ³ íîðìà, çã³äíî ç ÿêîþ ïðàâà íà îðåíäó òðåáà êóïóâàòè ÷åðåç àóêö³îí. Êð³ì òîãî, ìè ñïîä³âàºìîñÿ, ùî íåçàáàðîì áóäå óõâàëåíî çàêîí ïðî ïóáë³÷í³ òåíäåðè. Ïåâíîãî ïðîãðåñó âæå äîñÿãíóòî ó ãàëóç³ çàêîíîäàâñòâà ïðî êîíöåñ³¿. Àëå éäåòüñÿ íå ëèøå ïðî óõâàëåííÿ íîâèõ çàêîí³â, à é ïðî íàä³éí³ñòü ó çàñòîñóâàíí³ óõâàëåíèõ íîðì. Òàê, ñåðéîçíîþ ïðîáëåìîþ çàëèøàºòüñÿ ïîñò³éíå íåïîâåðíåííÿ äåðæàâíèìè ô³íàíñîâèìè óñòàíîâàìè Óêðà¿íè ïîäàòê³â, ÿê³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà ïîâèíí³ ñïëà÷óâàòè íàïåðåä. Öå ëÿãàº âàæêèì òÿãàðåì íàñàìïåðåä íà ïëå÷³ ìàëèõ ³ ñåðåäí³õ ï³äïðèºìñòâ ³ íåãàòèâíî âïëèâàº íà ³ì³äæ Óêðà¿íè ÿê ³íâåñòèö³éíî ïðèâàáëèâîãî ðåã³îíó. ²ñíóº òàêîæ ìîæëèâ³ñòü îïòèì³çàö³¿ äîçâ³ëüíèõ ïðîöåäóð. Íåãàòèâíèé âïëèâ íà ãîòîâí³ñòü äî ³íâåñòèö³é ìàº, íà æàëü, ³ ïðîáëåìà êîðóïö³¿. – Í³ìå÷÷èíà º îäíèì ³ç âàæëèâèõ ñòðàòåã³÷íèõ ³íâåñòîð³â äëÿ Óêðà¿íè. Â

ÿêèõ ãàëóçÿõ íàéâäàë³øå ðåàë³çîâàíî ³íâåñòèö³éí³ ïðîåêòè? – Í³ìå÷÷èíà ç îáñÿãîì ïðÿìèõ ³íâåñòèö³é ó ïîíàä 6 ì³ëüÿðä³â ºâðî ïîñ³äàº íàðàç³ äðóãå ì³ñöå ñåðåä ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòîð³â â Óêðà¿í³. Í³ìåöüê³ ô³ðìè àêòèâíî ä³þòü â Óêðà¿í³ â áàãàòüîõ ñåêòîðàõ åêîíîì³êè, íàïðèêëàä, ó áóä³âåëüí³é ãàëóç³, îïòîâ³é òîðã³âë³, ó ñôåð³ òðàíñïîðòó ³ ëîã³ñòèêè, â ïîñòà÷àíí³ êîìïëåêòóþ÷èõ, çàäîâîëåíí³ ïîòðåá ïðîìèñëîâîñò³, à òàêîæ, ïîïðè ñâ³òîâó ô³íàíñîâó êðèçó, – â áàíê³âñüêîìó ñåêòîð³. Êð³ì òîãî, ñïîñòåð³ãàºòüñÿ ÷èìàëèé ³íòåðåñ äî ³íôðàñòðóêòóðíèõ ïðîåêò³â ó ðàìêàõ ï³äãîòîâêè äî ªÂÐÎ-2012. Â Óêðà¿í³ ³ñíóº âåëèêèé ïîïèò ó ñôåð³ åíåðãîåôåêòèâíîñò³, à Í³ìå÷÷èíà ìîæå çàïðîïîíóâàòè íåîáõ³äí³ ðîçðîáêè òà òåõíîëîã³¿. Íèí³øíÿ ñèòóàö³ÿ ñâ³ä÷èòü, ùî í³ìåöüê³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà çàëèøàþòüñÿ íàä³éíèìè ïàðòíåðàìè ³ â êðèçîâ³ ÷àñè. Âîíè ³íâåñòóâàëè â Óêðà¿íó, áî â³ðÿòü ó äîâãîñòðîêîâèé ïîòåíö³àë ¿¿ ðîçâèòêó, à òîìó íå çàëèøàþòü êðà¿íó ï³ä âïëèâîì ³ìïóëüñèâíèõ âðàæåíü. Àëå õî÷ó ùå ðàç íàãîëîñèòè, ùî Óêðà¿íà ìîæå â³ä÷óòíî ïîë³ïøèòè ðàìêîâ³ óìîâè äëÿ ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòîð³â ³ ñïðèÿòè òèì ñàìèì íîâîìó åêîíîì³÷íîìó ï³äéîìó. – Äèïëîìàòè÷íèì â³äíîñèíàì ì³æ íàøèìè äåðæàâàìè âèïîâíþºòüñÿ 20 ðîê³â. ßê³, íà Âàøó äóìêó, íàéâàæëèâ³ø³ äîñÿãíåííÿ â ñï³âïðàö³ ì³æ íàøèìè êðà¿íàìè çà öåé ÷àñ? – Âàæëèâèì ÿ ââàæàþ ïåðåäîâñ³ì ïîë³òè÷íèé øëÿõ Óêðà¿íè ó íàïðÿìêó äî ªâðîïè, íà ÿêèé âîíà ñòóïèëà ç ìîìåíòó çäîáóòòÿ íåçàëåæíîñò³ ï³ñëÿ ðîçïàäó Ðàäÿíñüêîãî Ñîþçó. Òå, ùî Óêðà¿íà º ÷àñòèíîþ ªâðîïè, â ìåíå íå âèêëèêàº ñóìí³âó. Êð³ì òîãî, ìè

ñòàëè ñâ³äêàìè ðàçþ÷îãî åêîíîì³÷íîãî ðîçâèòêó Óêðà¿íè çà îñòàíí³ äâà äåñÿòèð³÷÷ÿ. ² Í³ìå÷÷èíà º íàä³éíèì ïàðòíåðîì ó ïîäàëüø³é ºâðîàòëàíòè÷í³é ³íòåãðàö³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Àëå ñï³ëüíèìè çóñèëëÿìè íàì âäàëîñÿ áàãàòî ÷îãî äîñÿãíóòè é ó ñôåð³ êóëüòóðè òà íàóêè. Òàê, íàïðèêëàä, ç 1993 ðîêó çà ñïðèÿííÿ Ôåäåðàëüíîãî ì³í³ñòåðñòâà îñâ³òè òà íàóêîâèõ äîñë³äæåíü áóëî ðåàë³çîâàíî ïîíàä 250 í³ìåöüêî-óêðà¿íñüêèõ êîîïåðàö³éíèõ ïðîåêò³â. Çàâäÿêè öüîìó çàâ’ÿçàëîñÿ áàãàòî êîíòàêò³â ì³æ íàóêîâöÿìè ³ ñòóäåíòàìè íàøèõ êðà¿í. Ñüîãîäí³ ö³ òðàíñêîðäîíí³ êîíòàêòè º æèòòºâî âàæëèâèìè ó áîðîòüá³ çà ³íòåëåêòóàëüí³ ðåñóðñè, ùî ñïîñòåð³ãàºòüñÿ ó âñüîìó ñâ³ò³. Íàóêîâà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü – öå êîìàíäíà ðîáîòà. Òàêå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî ìè ïðàãíåìî ïðîäîâæèòè öüîãî ðîêó ó ôîðì³ Äí³â í³ìåöüêî¿ íàóêè â Óêðà¿í³. ß ³ç çàäîâîëåííÿì çãàäóþ Äí³ êóëüòóðè Í³ìå÷÷èíè, ÿê³ â³äáóëèñÿ ìèíóëî¿ îñåí³ ³ â ÿêèõ âçÿëè ó÷àñòü ïîíàä 100 ä³ÿ÷³â êóëüòóðè – ó ïðîãðàì³ áóëî ïðåäñòàâëåíî çàõîäè äëÿ ëþáèòåë³â êíèãè, øàíóâàëüíèê³â êëàñè÷íî¿ ³ ñó÷àñíî¿ ìóçèêè, ïîö³íîâóâà÷³â òåàòðó òà ìèñòåöòâà. ²íòåðåñ ³ çàõîïëåííÿ, ùî ¿õ ïðîÿâèëè óêðà¿íö³ äî íàøèõ çàõîä³â, ñòàëè ñòèìóëîì ³ âèíàãîðîäîþ äëÿ íàñ. Ìè ìàºìî íàì³ð ÿêîìîãà øâèäøå ïðîäîâæèòè öþ ñïðàâó. – Ïàíå Ïîñîë, à ÿê³ êîìïàí³¿ Âè á ïîðåêîìåíäóâàëè ÿê ïðèêëàä óñï³øíîãî ä³ëîâîãî ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâà (ðåàë³çîâàíîãî ³íâåñòèö³éíîãî ïðîåêòó)? – ²ñíóº íàñò³ëüêè áàãàòî ïðèêëàä³â óñï³øíèõ í³ìåöüêèõ ³íâåñòèö³é â Óêðà¿í³, ùî ÿ íå õîò³â áè îêðåìî âèä³ëÿòè ÿê³ñü ô³ðìè. Íàéá³ëüø³ ðàçîâ³ í³ìåöüê³ ³íâåñòèö³¿ áóëî çä³éñíåíî â òîðã³âë³, áàíê³âñüêîìó ñåêòîð³

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ – Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ UKRAINE – GERMANY

òà ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ ç ïîñòà÷àííÿ êîìïëåêòóþ÷èõ. Ïðè öüîìó éäåòüñÿ ïðî òèñÿ÷³ ðîáî÷èõ ì³ñöü. ª îêðåì³ í³ìåöüê³ ô³ðìè, íà ÿêèõ ïðàöþº ïîíàä 7 òèñÿ÷ óêðà¿íñüêèõ íàéìàíèõ ïðàö³âíèê³â. Ó ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ íà îñíîâ³ äàâàëüíèöüêî¿ ñèðîâèíè ìè âèõîäèìî ç ïîíàä 20 òèñÿ÷ ðîáî÷èõ ì³ñöü, ñòâîðåíèõ í³ìåöüêèìè ³íâåñòîðàìè. – Ðîçêàæ³òü äîêëàäí³øå ïðî äèíàì³êó ïðèðîñòó í³ìåöüêèõ ³íâåñòèö³é â Óêðà¿íó. – Ç 2000 ðîêó ñïîñòåð³ãàºòüñÿ ïîñò³éíå â³ä÷óòíå çðîñòàííÿ îáñÿã³â ïðÿìèõ í³ìåöüêèõ ³íâåñòèö³é â Óêðà¿í³. Ç îãëÿäó íà ñâ³òîâó åêîíîì³÷íó êðèçó ïðèâàòíà ³íâåñòèö³éíà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ó âñüîìó ñâ³ò³ ñêîðîòèëàñÿ, ³ í³ìåöüê³ ³íâåñòèö³¿ â Óêðà¿í³ òóò íå º âèíÿòêîì. Öå ñòîñóºòüñÿ ïåðåäîâñ³ì îñòàííüîãî êâàðòàëó 2008 ðîêó. Ïðîòå ó íàñ íåìàº ï³äñòàâ ñòâåðäæóâàòè, ùî ÷åðåç êðèçó í³ìåöüê³ ô³ðìè ïðîùàþòüñÿ ç Óêðà¿íîþ. Ð³øåííÿ ïðî ³íâåñòèö³¿ óõâàëþâàëè ç ïðèö³ëîì íà ìàéáóòí³é ïîòåíö³àë Óêðà¿íè, à òîìó â îñíîâ³ ¿õ çàêëàäåíî ñïîä³âàííÿ íà òå, ùî åêîíîì³÷íå çðîñòàííÿ â³äíîâèòüñÿ. Ç ïî÷àòêó ðîêó ñóêóïíèé îáñÿã ³íâåñòèö³é çíîâó çð³ñ. Ïðîòå ìîæëèâîñò³ ³ç çàëó÷åííÿ ³íâåñòèö³é ùå äàëåêî íå âè÷åðïàí³. Óêðà¿íà ìîæå ñóòòºâî ïîñïðèÿòè ï³äòðèìö³ ³íîçåìíî¿ ³íâåñòèö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³. Ñïðèÿòëèâèé ³íâåñòèö³éíèé êë³ìàò â äîâãîñòðîêîâ³é ïåðñïåêòèâ³ ñïðàâèòü êðàùèé âïëèâ íà ïîçèòèâíèé ³ ñòàá³ëüíèé ðîçâèòîê, àí³æ áóäü-ÿêèé ì³æíàðîäíèé êðåäèò. – Âè âæå òðèâàëèé ÷àñ æèâåòå â Óêðà¿í³. ×è íå ìîãëè á îõàðàêòåðèçóâàòè îñîáëèâîñò³ ìåíòàë³òåòó òèïîâîãî óêðà¿íöÿ (áàæàíî ïîð³âíÿòè ç í³ìöÿìè)? – ß íå äóìàþ, ùî ³ñíóº «ïåðåñ³÷íèé óêðà¿íåöü» ÿê òàêèé. Íå îñòàííüîþ ÷åðãîþ õàðàêòåðíîþ îçíàêîþ Óêðà¿íè º ¿¿ ðîçìà¿òòÿ! ²ñíóº ñò³ëüêè «ìåíòàëüíîñòåé», ñê³ëüêè é óêðà¿íö³â. Ïðèíàéìí³ ÿ ïîçíàéîìèâñÿ ç óêðà¿íöÿìè ÿê ç ãîñòèííèì ³ â³äêðèòèì íàðîäîì. Íàì, í³ìöÿì, ïðèïèñóþòü ïåâíó ñòðèìàí³ñòü, õî÷à ï³ä ÷àñ ôóòáîëüíî¿ ïåðøîñò³ ñâ³òó 2006 ðîêó ìè äîâåëè, ùî íå òàê³ âæå é ñòðèìàí³, ³ çäàòí³ ñâÿòêóâàòè ðàä³ñí³ ïîä³¿ ïðèñòðàñíî ³ çàõîïëåíî. ªâðîïåéñüêà ïåðø³ñòü 2012 ðîêó ñòàíå äëÿ óêðà¿íö³â ÷óäîâîþ íàãîäîþ, ùîáè ïðîäåìîíñòðóâàòè ³íîçåìíèì ãîñòÿì âñå ðîçìà¿òòÿ ñâîº¿ êðà¿íè. Îòæå, ñë³ä ÿêîìîãà øâèäøå ïðîñóâàòèñÿ âïåðåä ó ï³äãîòîâö³ äî ö³º¿ ïîä³¿!

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

– Íàñê³ëüêè íàì â³äîìî, Âè áàãàòî äîïîìàãàºòå óêðà¿íñüêèì ä³òÿì, õâîðèì íà ãåïàòèò. ßê³ ùå ñîö³àëüí³ òà êóëüòóðí³ ïðîãðàìè ì³æ Óêðà¿íîþ òà Í³ìå÷÷èíîþ çä³éñíþþòüñÿ çàðàç? – Çóñèëëÿ Í³ìå÷÷èíè ó ñôåð³ îõîðîíè çäîðîâ’ÿ ñïðÿìîâàí³ íàñàìïåðåä íà áîðîòüáó ç Â²Ë/ÑÍ²Äîì. Òóò Í³ìå÷÷èíà, ÿêà âèä³ëèëà íà ö³ ïîòðåáè áëèçüêî 4,5 ìëí ºâðî, º íàéá³ëüøèì äîíîðîì íà ð³âí³ äâîñòîðîíí³õ â³äíîñèí ñåðåä óñ³õ êðà¿í-÷ëåí³â ªÑ. Çîêðåìà, ãðóïà í³ìåöüêèõ ³ óêðà¿íñüêèõ åêñïåðò³â çà íàãëÿäó Ì³í³ñòåðñòâà îõîðîíè çäîðîâ’ÿ Óêðà¿íè ³ çàâäÿêè òåõí³÷í³é äîïîìîç³ GTZ ðîçðîáèëà íàö³îíàëüíó êàìïàí³þ ç ïðîô³ëàêòèêè, ùî ðîçïî÷íåòüñÿ íà ïî÷àòêó ãðóäíÿ 2009 ðîêó. Ó Çàõ³äí³é Óêðà¿í³ òà Äîíåöüê³é îáëàñò³ íàäàºòüñÿ ôàõîâà ï³äòðèìêà ì³ñöåâèì ãðîìàäñüêèì îðãàí³çàö³ÿì òà äåðæàâíèì öåíòðàì ïðîô³ëàêòèêè Â²Ë/ÑÍ²Äó. Êð³ì òîãî, áàãàòî íåóðÿäîâèõ îðãàí³çàö³é ç Í³ìå÷÷èíè óñï³øíî ïðàöþþòü â Óêðà¿í³ â ãàëóç³ ïðîô³ëàêòèêè Â²Ë/ÑÍ²Äó. ßê ¥åòå-²íñòèòóò ó öàðèí³ êóëüòóðè, òàê ³ Í³ìåöüêà ñëóæáà àêàäåì³÷íîãî îáì³íó (DAAD) ó ñôåð³ íàóêîâîãî îáì³íó ùîðîêó çä³éñíþþòü ÷èñëåíí³ ïðîåêòè. ß íàçâó äëÿ ïðèêëàäó ëèøå ³í³ö³àòèâó ç³ ñòâîðåííÿ øê³ë-ïàðòíåð³â Ôåäåðàëüíîãî ì³í³ñòåðñòâà çàêîðäîííèõ ñïðàâ Í³ìå÷÷èíè, ïîÿâà ÿêî¿ çàâäÿ÷óº ñï³ëüíèì çóñèëëÿì ¥åòå²íñòèòóòó, DAAD òà Ñëóæáè ïåäàãîã³÷íîãî îáì³íó (PAD). Ñïî÷àòêó áóëî â³ä³áðàíî øêîëè, ùî óâ³éøëè äî ö³º¿ ñâ³òîâî¿ øê³ëüíî¿ ìåðåæ³. Â³äòàê ¿ì íàäàºòüñÿ ñïåö³àëüíà ï³äòðèìêà, â÷èòåë³â öèõ øê³ë çàëó÷àþòü äî ï³äâèùåííÿ êâàë³ô³êàö³¿, âîíè áåðóòü

ó÷àñòü ó íàâ÷àëüíî-îçíàéîì÷èõ ïî¿çäêàõ ³ îòðèìóþòü íàâ÷àëüíî-ìåòîäè÷í³ ìàòåð³àëè. Ùå îäíèì ïðèêëàäîì ìîæå áóòè Òèæäåíü í³ìåöüêîãî ê³íî, ï³ä ÷àñ ÿêîãî ¥åòå²íñòèòóò ùîðîêó äåìîíñòðóº â áàãàòüîõ ì³ñòàõ Óêðà¿íè ñó÷àñí³ í³ìåöüê³ ô³ëüìè. Àáî îñâ³òí³é ÿðìàðîê DAAD, íà ÿêîìó ðàç íà ð³ê ìîæíà ïîçíàéîìèòèñÿ ç í³ìåöüêèìè âóçàìè, ïðåäñòàâíèêè ÿêèõ îñîáèñòî ãîòîâ³ äî ðîçìîâè ç â³äâ³äóâà÷àìè òà äî â³äïîâ³äåé íà ¿õí³ çàïèòàííÿ. Îêð³ì öüîãî, çâ³ñíî æ, ³ñíóº ùå é íèçêà ïðîãðàì îáì³íó ³ ñòèïåíä³àëüíèõ ïðîãðàì äëÿ ó÷í³â òà ñòóäåíò³â. Çàâäÿêè ÷èñëåííèì çâ’ÿçêàì ì³æ ì³ñòàìè-ïàðòíåðàìè ç’ÿâèëèñÿ îñîáèñò³ êîíòàêòè ³ ì³æ áàãàòüìà òåðèòîð³àëüíèìè ãðîìàäàìè. Îñîáëèâî ìè ïèøàºìîñÿ â³äêðèòòÿì í³ìåöüêî¿ øêîëè ìèíóëîãî ðîêó! Âîíà ñòàëà ì³ñöåì çóñòð³÷åé í³ìåöüêèõ òà óêðà¿íñüêèõ ä³òåé ³ ñïðèÿº îáì³íó ì³æ íàøèìè äâîìà êðà¿íàìè ç ðàííüîãî äèòèíñòâà. – Çàâäàííÿì «Image.UA» º ôîðìóâàííÿ ïîçèòèâíîãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî ³ì³äæó êðà¿íè, âèñâ³òëåííÿ äîñâ³äó ³íâåñòóâàííÿ ³ ïàðòíåðñòâà. ßê Âè ââàæàºòå, ÷è íåîáõ³äí³ ñüîãîäí³ òàê³ çàñîáè ìàñîâî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿, ùî ôîêóñóþòü ïîçèòèâí³ íàïðÿìêè ðîçâèòêó äåðæàâè ³ ôîðìóþòü ïàòð³îòèçì? – Êðèòèêóâàòè ³ âèñâ³òëþâàòè íåäîë³êè çàâæäè ëåãøå, àëå âîäíî÷àñ öå é íåîáõ³äíî, ùîá óñóíóòè íåãàðàçäè ³ ïðîäîâæóâàòè ïîñòóïàëüíèé ðóõ óïåðåä. Ïðîòå òðåáà íàçèâàòè ³ ïîçèòèâí³ ÿâèùà. Àäæå íà õîðîøèõ ïðèêëàäàõ ÷àñòî ìîæíà á³ëüøå íàâ÷èòèñÿ.

Hans-Jürgen Heimsoeth: «Ukrainians are a hospitable and frank nation» This year is the 20th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany. Exactly 20 years ago the Berlin wall was pulled down and Western and Eastern Germany became a united country again. Germany was the first among the countries of the «Great Seven» that accepted the independence of Ukraine in 1991. For this period of time it was repeatedly proved that both countries can and want to cooperate with each other. We speak with Hans-Jürgen Heimsoeth – The Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary ambassador of Germany in Ukraine – about the results of this cooperation and about future prospects. – Mr. Ambassador, tell us please, how, in your opinion, the image of the country influences its attraction of investment? – Confidence plays a great role in the approval of investment decisions, that is why, the development of the international confidence of every country and the ability to keep such a reputation in long-term

perspective have an essential importance. It succeeds best when the country creates a business climate that facilitates investments, takes efficient measures against corruption and creates stable legal framework conditions. – In numerous interviews you also said that one of the main tasks of Ukraine

is «to create such acts and laws that will facilitate investments». Can you tell us in detail: on what should our legislators focus their attention in the first place? – Unfortunately, Ukraine occupies not such a very high place in international business climate ratings. At least, in the main, the results do not meet the present potential. There is a succession of measures that might help Ukraine to be more attractive to foreign investors. They include, especially, the cancellation of tax on investment goods that form a part of the authorized capital stock of any firm. A norm, under which rights on a lease must be bought through auction, also does not facilitate investments. Besides, we hope that the law about public tenders will be confirmed very soon. Certain progress has already been reached in the sphere of legislation about concessions. But we are talking not only about the approval of new laws but also about reliability

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ– Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ UKRAINE – GERMANY

in the use of confirmed norms. Also the fact that state financial institutions of Ukraine constantly do not return taxes that enterprises must pay beforehand is a serious problem. It becomes a heavy load for small and medium enterprises and has a negative influence on the image of Ukraine as an attractive investment region. We also can optimize licensing procedures. Unfortunately, the problem of corruption also negatively influences the willingness to invest. – Germany is one of the most important strategic investors for Ukraine. In what fields are investment projects implemented most successfully? – Germany has a volume of direct investments of over 6 billion euro and occupies the second place among foreign investors in Ukraine. German firms actively operate in many sectors of the economy of Ukraine; in building, wholesale trading, in the transport and logistics spheres, in the provision of accessories, in satisfaction of industrial needs and also, regardless of the world financial crisis, in the banking sector to give just some examples. Besides, we can observe a great interest in infrastructure projects in the frame of preparation for Euro-2012. There is a big demand in Ukraine in the sphere of energy effectiveness and Germany can offer the necessary designs and technologies. Today’s situation shows, that German enterprises are reliable partners even in times of crisis. They invested in Ukraine, because they believed in the long-term potential of its development, which is why they do not leave the country under the influence of impulsive impressions. But I want to emphasize one more time that Ukraine can essentially improve the framework conditions for foreign investors that will cause an economical rise. – It is the 20th anniversary of diplomatic relations between our countries. In your opinion, what are the most important achievements in the collaboration

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

between our countries for this period of time? – I think, first of all, the political route of Ukraine in the direction to Europe, on which it took a step from the moment of its independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union, is very important. There are no doubts for me that Ukraine is a part of Europe. Moreover, we became the witnesses of the surprising economical development of Ukraine over the last two decades. Germany is a reliable partner in the further European and Atlantic integration of Ukraine. But by our combined efforts we also achieved a lot in the spheres of culture and science. For example, since 1993 over 250 projects of German and Ukrainian cooperation were implemented with the assistance of the Federal ministry of education and scientific investigations. Thanks to this a lot of contacts were made between the scientists and students of our countries. Today these trans-boundary contacts are vitally important in the struggle for intellectual resources that is being observed all over the world. Scientific activity is the command work. We want to continue such collaboration this year in the form of the Days of German science in Ukraine. I remember the Days of German culture that were held last autumn with pleasure; over 100 cultural workers took part in this event – arrangements for book lovers, admirers of classic and modern music and connoisseurs of theatre and art were in equal measure presented in the program. The interest and admiration that Ukrainians showed for our arrangements became both the incentive and reward for us. We intend to continue this affair as soon as possible. – Mr. Ambassador, what companies would you recommend as an example of successful business collaboration (of an implemented investment project)? – There are too many examples of successful German investments in Ukraine, so I do not want to distinguish any of them. The

biggest one-time German investments were accomplished in trading, banking and the industry of supplying accessories. Hereby we talk about thousands of working places. There are also separate German firms in which over 7 000 Ukrainian are employed. Over 20 000 working places were created by German investors in the industry based on the raw materials supplied by customers. – Can you give more details about the dynamics of growth of German investments in Ukraine? – Since 2000 we can observe a constant appreciable growth in the volumes of direct German investments in Ukraine. Taking into consideration the world economic crisis, private investment activity has decreased all over the world and German investments in Ukraine are no exception. It concerns first of all the last quarter of 2008. But we have no reason to confirm that German firms say goodbye to Ukraine because of the crisis. The decisions about investments were resolved with their sights on the future potential of Ukraine that is why expectations of the renewal of economic growth were founded in its base. From the beginning of the year the aggregated volume of investments has risen again. But the possibilities of involving new investments are not exhausted yet. Ukraine can essentially facilitate support of foreign investment activity. A favourable investment climate in a long-term perspective will influence positive and stable development much better than any international credit. – You have lived in Ukraine for a long time… Could you describe the special features of a typical Ukrainian’s mentality (if it is possible in comparison with the Germans)? – I don’t think that there is an «average Ukrainian» as such. Not in the last turn the typical feature of Ukraine is its diversity! There are as many «mentalities» as Ukrainians. Anyway I have become acquainted with

the Ukrainians as with a hospitable and frank people. Usually people attribute demureness to us Germans, though during the world football championship in 2006 we proved that Germans are not so reserved and are able to celebrate happy events with passion and enthusiasm. The European championship in 2012 will become a wonderful opportunity for Ukrainians to demonstrate to foreign visitors the whole diversity of their country. So it is better to move forward with preparations for this event as quickly as possible! – As we know you significantly help Ukrainian children that have hepatitis disease… What other social and culture programs are being accomplished between Ukraine and Germany now? – The German efforts in the sphere of public health are first of all directed to the fight against HIV/AIDS. Here Germany is the biggest donor at the level of double-sided relations among all member countries of EU, because it allocated nearly 4 500 000 euro for these needs. In particular, a group of German and Ukrainian experts under the supervision of the Ministry of public health of Ukraine and with the technical help of GTZ worked out a national preventive campaign that will start at the beginning of December 2009. Local public organizations and state

centers of the HIV/AIDS preventive measures of the Western Ukraine and Donetsk region are being given professional support. Besides, many non-governmental organizations from Germany are successfully working in Ukraine in the field of preventive measures of HIV/AIDS. Both the Goethe Institute in the field of culture and the German department of academic exchange (DAAD) in the sphere of scientific exchange annually put a lot of projects into practice. As an example, I will name only the initiative of the creation of partner-schools by the German Federal ministry of foreign affairs that was called into being by the common efforts of Goethe Institute, DAAD and Department of pedagogic exchange (PAD). First, the schools, that entered this world school network, were chosen. Afterwards they were given special support; the teachers of these schools were involved in heightening their qualifications, taking part in educational and familiarization excursions and getting training and methodical materials. One more example can be the Week of German cinema during which the Goethe Institute every year shows modern German films in many cities of Ukraine. Or the educational fair DAAD where once a year you can get acquainted with the German universities, the representatives of which are

ready to have personal conversations with visitors and to answer their questions. Besides this there are also some exchange programs and grant programs for pupils and students. Many personal contacts were also made between the territorial communities thanks to numerous connections between the city-partners. Of course, we are especially proud of opening the German school last year! It became a place for meetings of German and Ukrainian children and assists in the exchange between our two countries from early childhood. – The task of our publication «Image. UA» is the forming of a positive international image of the country, interpretation of the affirmative investment experience and partnership. How, do you think, is it necessary nowadays to have such mass media that focuses on positive tendencies and the formation of patriotism for its country? – The criticism and interpretation of negative phenomena is always easy but also a necessary affair that has to remove problems and continue gradual forward movement. But we should also name positive examples, because usually they are the best teachers for us.

ÕÐÎÍÎÃÐÀÔ CHRONOLOGY

Хронограф від «ІМІДЖ.UA» Chronology of «IMAGE.UA» Відкриваємо нову рубрику, в якій знайомитимемо наших читачів з позитивними змінами в українській економіці та культурному житті, що відбулися останнім часом. У цьому номері розповідаємо про події, що сталися з червня по жовтень. Наша мета – показати, як, попри всі труднощі, країна продовжує плідно працювати. Нехай кожен з нас завжди пам’ятає: ми – українці! І нам є чим пишатися. Так, сьогодні наша держава переживає не найкращі часи, але всі негаразди обов’язково минуться. Ми подолаємо кризу. Ми вже долаємо її! We are making a new rubric, which will acquaint our readers with the positive changes in the Ukrainian economy and in cultural life, which have occurred in the last months. In this issue we will tell you about events, which happened during the period from June to October. Our aim is to show that our country continues to work hard, in spite of all difficulties. Let us all always remember: We are Ukrainians! And we have much to be proud of. Sure, Ukraine isn’t having the best of times right now, but all bad things will surely end soon. We will overcome this crisis. We are already overcoming it!

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Під час паризького авіасалону в Ле Бурже Українська державна компанія «Спецтехноекспорт» та Міністерство оборони Індії підписали контракт на модернізацію 120 військовотранспортних літаків Ан-32. Виконанням індійського замовлення займатимуться концерн «Антонов» та компанія «Мотор Січ». Сума контракту оцінюється в $600 млн. Ukrainian governmental company «Spectechnoexport» and the Ministry of Defense of India signed a contract for the modernization of 120 military-transport airplanes An-32 during the Paris air show in Le Burge. «Antonov» and the company «Motor Sich» will work on this Indian order. The sum of this contract is estimated in $ 600 million. Японські компанії Mitsubishi Heavy Industries та Sumitomo Group підписали з Національним агентством з питань забезпечення ефективного використання енергоресурсів та Національним космічним агентством меморандум про наміри зі створення СП (спільного виробництва) вітроагрегатів на базі «Південного машинобудівного заводу ім. А.Макарова» (ВО «Південмаш», Дніпропетровськ). Japanese companies Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Sumitomo Group signed a memorandum with the National agency, which ensures effective use of energy resources and National space agency with the purpose of creating a co-production of wind aggregates on the base of the «Makarov South machinebuilding plant» (production association «Pivdenmash», Dnipropetrovsk). Корпорація Mitsubishi Heavy Industries відкрила представництво в Україні. Корпорація висловлює готовність співпрацювати з Україною у впровадженні енергоощадних технологій виплавки чавуну та сталі, в автомобільній та енергетичній галузях. Corporation Mitsubishi Heavy Industries opened a mission in Ukraine. The Corporation says, that they are ready to cooperate with Ukraine in the introduction of energy saving technologies for cast iron and steel smelting, in the car and energy spheres.

Україна повністю і достроково погасила єврооблігації на $500 млн. Не так давно ціни на CDS («страхування від дефолту») України були одними з найвищих у світі і торгувалися на рівні найбільш проблемних позичальників – Аргентини та Венесуели. На тлі платежу уряду вартість українських CDS за кілька днів впала на 19%. Погашення єврооблігацій на $500 млн стало найочікуванішою виплатою держави в поточному році. Загальний зовнішній борг становить $20,5 млрд. Рейтингове агентство Standard & Poor’s змінило прогноз рейтингів України з «негативного» на «позитивний». Ukraine paid off Eurobonds of $500 million completely and ahead of time. «Not so long ago Ukrainian prices on CDS (insurance from the default) were one of the highest in the world and were trading on the levels of the biggest problem borrowers – Argentina and Venezuela. Against the background of the government’s payment, the cost of the Ukrainian CDS went down 19% in a few days». Paying off of the Eurobonds of $500 million became the most anticipated payment of our country in this year. Total foreign debt is $ 20,5 billion. Rating agency Standard & Poor`s changed their ratings’ prediction of Ukraine from «negative» to «positive». Відбулась урочиста церемонія відкриття Іллічівського олійно-жирового комбінату за участю Президента України. На будівництво підприємства витрачено понад €100 млн. Віктор Ющенко висловив переконання, що проблеми можна подолати, і цей проект підтримує оптимізм щодо виходу країни з економічної кризи. « Те, що ми бачимо тут, можливо тому, що об’єднались гарна ідея, виконавці та гарні фінансисти», – підкреслив Президент. Illichivsk fat-and-oil complex was solemnly opened with the assistance of the President of Ukraine. More than € 100 million was spent on the construction of this enterprise. Viktor Jushchenko was sure that it is possible to overcome the crisis and this project upholds optimism, that Ukraine will find a way out of it. The President accentuated: «We are able to do technological projects of this type. Here we can see the consolidation of a good idea, executors and great financiers.»

У Миколаєві відбулись урочисті заходи з нагоди спуску на воду судна «НІБУЛОН-001» (баржа «річка–море») – першого з 24 суден, які будує ВАТ «Вадан Ярдс Океан» на замовлення ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН» у рамках інвестиційного проекту зі створення власного флоту. У цілому інвестпроект компанії складає $150 млн і передбачає будівництво та купівлю 14 морських та річкових буксирів, будівництво 7 елеваторів та річкових терміналів, загальним обсягом зберігання зерна 300 тис. тонн. Зі слів генерального директора ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН» Олексія Вадатурського, перед компанією стоять серйозні завдання, виконання яких позитивно позначиться на діяльності АПК і економіки країни загалом. Ship «NIBULON-001» (barge «river-sea») was solemnly launched in Mykolaiv – the first ship of 24, which are being built by the open-end company «Vadan Jards Ocean» ordered by the limited liability joint company «Nibulon» in the frames of the investment project of its own fleet creation. On the whole, the investment project of the company counts for $150 million and anticipates the building and buying of 14 sea and river tugboats, building of 7 elevators and year terminals with 300 thousands tones total volume of grain curing. According to the words of the general director of the joint limited venture «NIBULON» Oleksiy Vadatursky, the company has very serious tasks, the accomplishment of which will positively influence the activity of the agroindustrial complex and economy of the country in total. Відкрився другий завод ФХ «Органік Системз» (холдинг Agrofusion) в с. Шевченковому Жовтневого району Миколаївської області. Проектна потужність нового підприємства – 3 тис. тонн томатів на добу. Тепер потужностей двох томатних заводів достатньо для задоволення потреби українських промислових споживачів у високоякісній томатній пасті. The second factory FD «Organic Systems» (the holding company «Agrofusion») was solemnly opened in the village Shevchenkovo of the Govtnevy district Mykolayiv region. The design capacity of this new enterprise is 3 thousand tones of tomatoes per 24 hours. The capacity of its two tomato factories is enough to satisfy the requirements of the Ukrainian industrial users in high quality tomato paste.

ÕÐÎÍÎÃÐÀÔ CHRONOLOGY

Підбито підсумки щорічного Всеукраїнського конкурсу «Населений пункт найкращого благоустрою і підтримки громадського порядку» за 2008 рік. У І категорії (міста з населенням понад 500 тис. осіб) перемогу отримали Донецьк (І місце), Кривий Ріг і Харків (ІІ місце) та Одеса (ІІІ місце). Столиця Буковини Чернівці та Севастополь перемогли у ІІ категорії (міста з населенням 150-500 тис. осіб), на ІІ місці – Житомир та Чернігів, на ІІІ місці – Миколаїв та Луганськ. У ІІІ категорії населених пунктів (50-150 тис. осіб) першими стали міста Іллічівськ Одеської області та Ковель Волинської, ІІ місце посіли Коростень Житомирської області та Бердянськ Запорізької, ІІІ місце – Умань Черкаської області та Комсомольськ, що на Полтавщині. Їх нагородили перехідними кубками та дипломами Кабінету Міністрів України. Загалом конкурс проводять за шістьма категоріями населених пунктів. The results of the yearly All-Ukrainian contest «Settlement of the best public welfare and sustention of the public order of 2008» were summarized. The capital of the Bukovina (Chernivtsi) and Sevastopol won in the All-Ukrainian contest «Settlement of the best public welfare and sustention of the public order» of the second category settlements. They were rewarded with the challenge cup and diploma of the Cabinet of Ministry of Ukraine of the first degree. Such cities as Donetsk (first place), Kryvyi Rih and Kharkiv (second place), Odessa (third place) were rewarded by the first category. By the second category such cities won: I place – Sevastopol and Chernivtsi, II place – Zhytomyr and Chernihiv, III place – Mykolaiv and Lugansk. In the third category settlements such cities won: Illichivsk (Odessa region) and Kovel (Volinska region), second place – Korosten (Zhytomyr region) and Berdansk (Zaporizhia region), third place – Uman (Cherkassy region) and Komsomolsk (Poltavska region).

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Державне підприємство «Науково-виробничий комплекс газотурбінобудування (НВКГ) «Зоря-Машпроект» (Миколаїв) взялося виконувати довгостроковий контракт на постачання енергообладнання для іранської компанії Iran Power Plant Project Managment (MAPNA). Загальний обсяг укладених угод з MAPNA становить €322,5 млн. The Governmental enterprise «Scientific industrial complex of the gas-turbine building «Zarya Mashproject » (Mykolaiv) started to execute a long-term contract of energy equipment delivery for the Iranian company Iran Power Plant Project Managment (MAPNA). Total volume of the contract with MAPNA is €322,5 million. ДК «Укртрансбуд» (Київ) завершила будівництво залізничного мосту через річку Амудар’я в Туркменістані. Об’єкт вартістю $123 млн споруджено за проектом «Дніпродіпротрансу» (Дніпропетровськ). Subsidiary «Ukrtransbud» (Kyiv) completed construction of the railway bridge across the river Amudarja in Turkmenistan. This object at the cost of $123 million was built according to the project of «Dniprodiprotrans» (Dnipropetrovsk). У Донецьку на День міста відкрито 50-тисячний футбольний стадіон «Донбас Арена». Це найкраща в Україні спортивна споруда, а також, як запевняють організатори, перший у Східній Європі стадіон класу «еліт». Загальна вартість стадіону та парку становить $400 млн. «Донбас Арена» – майбутній домашній стадіон ФК «Шахтар» і культурний центр столиці Донбасу. Стадіон розглядають і як арену для проведення фіналів Ліги чемпіонів. A 50 thousand capacity football stadium «Donbas Arena» was opened in Donetsk on the Day of the city. This is surely the best sport building in the country, and organizers are persuaded that this is the first stadium of the «Elite» class in Southern Europe. The total cost of this stadium and park is $400 million. «Donbas Arena» is a future home stadium for the FC «Shachtar» and the cultural centre of Donbas capital. This stadium is also regarded as an arena for carrying out the champion League’s finals.

Під час візиту до Лівії українська урядова делегація досягла домовленостей щодо підписання контрактів про співпрацю у військово-технічній сфері. Про це повідомила Прем’єр-міністр України Юлія Тимошенко. «Всі деталі цих контрактів обговорені, і співпраця між Україною і Лівією сьогодні отримала найвищу політичну підтримку», – зазначила Ю.Тимошенко. Вона також повідомила, що обговорила з лівійським лідером «усі можливі напрями» роботи в сфері загального сервісу літаків «Антонов», зокрема, питання створення спільного центру з реалізації літаків на всій території Африки, а не тільки в Лівії. Після підписання українсько-лівійських контрактів підприємства військовотехнічного комплексу України, а також авіабудівні підприємства отримають «істотні додаткові замовлення». While visiting Libya the Ukrainian government delegation signed contracts on collaboration in the military-technical sphere. The Prime-minister of Ukraine Julia Timoshenko said according to the results of this visit: «All details of this contract are already discussed and collaboration between Ukraine and Libya has got the highest political support nowadays.» She also said, that she had discussed with M. Al-Kaddafi «all possible ways» of work in the sphere of the general service of «Antonov» planes with, in particular, the theme of the creation of a common centre for the planes construction on the whole territory of Africa, but not only in Libya. According to her words, enterprises of the military-technical complex of Ukraine, as well as the aviation building enterprises will get «vital additional orders» after the Ukrainian-Libyan contracts are signed. Міністерство фінансів погасило основне тіло боргу і виплату купонного доходу за облігаціями зовнішньої державної позики (ОЗДП) 2006 року на загальну суму 753 млн дол. Це зняло психологічний тягар у інвесторів стосовно платоспроможності України. The Ministry of finance paid off the main part of the debt and paid the coupon income according to the obligations of the government foreign loan of 2006 on the total sum of $753 million. Timely paying off of the Eurobonds takes the psychological load off the investors concerning Ukraine’s paying capacity.

Відкриття унікального за своїми характеристиками перевантажувально-складського комплексу компанії «Боріваж» у ДП «Морський торговий порт «Южний» (Одеська обл.) потужністю перевалки зернових вантажів у 2 млн т/рік. Згідно з інформацією, інвестором проекту виступив «Приватбанк». Введення в дію найсучаснішого в країні зернового вантажного термінала значно розширить можливості України щодо збільшення експорту зернових на світовому ринку. A unique transshipment-warehouse complex (by its characteristics) of the company «Borivag» was opened in the subsidiary «Sea trade port «Jugny» (Odesa region) with the output of grain load reshipment of 2 million tone a year. According to information, the investor of this project is «Privatbank». Putting into service the most modern grain cargo terminal in the country will considerably widen possibilities of Ukraine increasing exports of grain crops on the world market. Президенти України та Туркменістану Віктор Ющенко та Гурбангули Бердимухамедов узяли участь у церемонії закладення фундаменту автомобільного мосту через річку Амудар’я (Туркменістан). Державний концерн «Туркменавтоеллари» підписав контракт з ТОВ «Дорожнє будівництво Альтком» на проектування та будівництво автомобільного мосту «Атамурат-Керкічі». Вартість контракту становить $159 млн. The Presidents of Ukraine and Turkmenistan Viktor Jushchenko and Gurbanguly Berdimuchamedov took part in a ceremony of the laying of the car bridge foundation across river Amudarja (Turkmenistan). The Government concern «Turkmenavtoellary» signed a contract with the limited liability company «Road building Altkom» for the projecting and building of the car bridge «Atamurat-Kerkichi». This contract costs $159 million.

ÕÐÎÍÎÃÐÀÔ CHRONOLOGY

Найбільший україномовний фестиваль сучасної пісні та популярної музики «Червона рута» відбувся в Чернівцях. Участь у 25 відбірних конкурсах фестивалю взяли понад 4 тис. виконавців. Відбірні конкурси проводились за музичними жанрами: поп-, сучасна танцювальна (денс), рок-, акустична та інша музика. В кожній області було відібрано переможців, а також декілька резервістів, котрі отримали право виступити на завершальному етапі фестивалю та представити свій регіон на всеукраїнському рівні. Гран-прі отримав «Солома-гурт» (Київ). Завершився фестиваль сучасної молодіжної музики грандіозним концертом, який відвідав Президент України Віктор Ющенко. Відзначаючи важливість цього «свята правдивої сучасної української музики», глава держави нагадав про виняткову роль, яку свого часу відіграв фестиваль у контексті спротиву комуністичній системі, виховання національної свідомості українців: «Без перебільшень хочу сказати: 20 років тому, у вересні 1989 року, фестиваль «Червона рута» розбудив Україну, її приспаний дух і нашу велич...». The biggest Ukrainian festival of modern youth music «Chervona ruta» took place in Chernivtsi. More than 4 thousand performers took part in 25 selection contests of the AllUkrainian festival of modern song and popular music «Chervona ruta». Selection contests were implemented in the following musical genres: pop-, modern dance, and rock-, acoustic and other kinds of music. Winners were chosen in every sphere, as well as some reservists, who got an opportunity to perform on the final stage of the festival and represent their region on the All-Ukrainian level. This Jubilee festival of modern youth music «Chervona ruta» ended with a great concert, which was visited by the President of Ukraine Viktor Jushchenko. Denoting the importance of this «festival of truthful modern Ukrainian music», the Head of the country reminded us about the exceptional role of this festival in the context of resistance to the communist system, the breeding of the national consciousness of Ukrainians: «I want to say without any overstatement that 20 years ago, in September 1989, the festival «Chervona ruta» awoke in Ukraine, its lulled spirit and our greatness...»

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Українське підприємство «Мотор Січ» підписало з урядом Саратовської області Росії угоду про створення спільного підприємства з випуску продукції енергетичного машинобудування. Згідно з повідомленням, спільно з урядом Саратовської області «Мотор Січ» організує виробництво газотурбінних електростанцій і газотурбінних приводів для компресорних станцій. Сторони на паритетних засадах інвестують у проект 120 млн доларів протягом шести років. The Ukrainian enterprise «Motor Sich» signed an agreement with the government of Saratov region (Russia) about the creation of a common enterprise for the output of energy machinery construction production. According to the notification, «Motor Sich» together with the Saratov region, organizes production of the gas-turbine electric power stations and gas-turbine gears for compressor stations. У місті Хотині Чернівецької області звуками литавр, пострілами гармат, запаленням вогнів на вежах Хотинської фортеці, розпочався І Міжнародний військово-історичний фестиваль «Хотинська твердь» (фестиваль започатковано Чернівецькою облдержадміністрацією). Головною родзинкою свята стало відтворення однієї з битв Хотинської війни 1621 року, коли армія польського коронного гетьмана Ходкевича і війська козацького гетьмана Сагайдачного зупинили під Хотином 120-тисячне турецько-татарське військо. The 1st International military-historical festival «Chotyn land» started in Chotyn, Chernivecka region, with the sounds of kettledrum, gunshots, fires on the towers of the Chotyn fortress (this festival was initiated by the Chernivci regional governmental administration). The main «reason» for the holiday was the reproduction of one of the Chotyn war battles of 1621, when the army of the Polish hetman, appointed by the king, Hodkevych and the army of the Cossacks hetman Sagaydachny stopped a Turkish-Tatar army, which numbered 120 thousand soldiers, near Chotyn. Almost 200 reconstion enthusiasts from Ukraine, Byelorussia, Poland, Czechia and Hungary took part in the reenactment of this battle.

Державний експортно-імпортний банк України («Укрексімбанк») своєчасно і в повному обсязі здійснив погашення кредиту та відсотків випуску єврооблігацій на суму 250 млн доларів. The «Governmental export-import bank of Ukraine» (Ukreximbank) paid off the loan and percentage of the Eurobonds issue to the sum of $250 million completely and in time. Приазовський державний технічний університет у місті Маріуполі з офіційним візитом відвідав Микола Жулинський – директор Інституту літератури ім. Т.Г.Шевченка, академік НАН України. Під час зустрічі з професорсько-викладацьким складом, студентами і освітянами міста було підписано договір про співпрацю між Інститутом літератури і ПДТУ. Основною метою договору є створення науково-методичного центру з української мови та літератури на базі університету. Від ПДТУ угоду підписав ректор – доктор технічних наук, професор В’ячеслав Волошин. Director of the Shevchenko literature Institute, academician of the NAS (National academy of science) of Ukraine, Mykola Zhulynsky, visited Azov governmental technical university in Mariupol on a duty call. An agreement about collaboration between the literature Institute and AGTU was signed while meeting with the professor-lectures staff, students and scientists of the city. The main objective of this agreement is the creation of the scientific-medical centre of the Ukrainian language and literature on the bases of the university. Agreement from the side of the AGTU was signed by the chancellor – doctor of technical science, professor Vjacheslav Voloshin.

ВАТ «Укртранснафта» почало постачання легкої каспійської нафти азербайджанського походження системою «Придніпровські магістральні нафтопроводи» в реверсному напрямі на ЗАТ «Укртатнафта». Реалізація даного проекту проводиться на виконання Програми диверсифікації джерел постачання нафти в Україну на період до 2015 року, затвердженої постановою КМУ від 8 листопада 2006 року №1572, а також указів Президента і рішень РНБО. Початок постачання легкої каспійської нафти азербайджанського походження на українські НПЗ є дуже важливим для України з погляду диверсифікації постачання енергоносіїв в Україну. ЗАТ «Укртатнафта» уклала довгостроковий контракт із Державною нафтовою компанією Азербайджану (SOCAR, State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic) на постачання нафти обсягом не менш як 240 тис. тонн на місяць. Open-end company «Ukrtransnafta» started to supply light Caspian oil of Azerbaijani origin by the system «Dnipro arterial oil pipeline» in the reversive direction on the closed jointstock company «Ukrtatnafta». Realization of this project is being held for accomplishment of the «Program of the diversification of the sources of oil supply to Ukraine till 2015», which is passed by the decree of CMU (Cabinet of Ministry of Ukraine) from 8th of November 2006 #1572 and also decree of the President and resolution of the CNSD (Council of the national safety and defense). Start of supplying the light Caspian oil of Azerbaijani origin to the Ukrainian oil refinery is very important for Ukraine, in terms of the diversification of energy sources supply to Ukraine. The closed joint-stock company «Ukrtatnafta» signed a long-term contract with the governmental oil company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR, State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic) for supplying oil not less then 240 tones a month.

ÕÐÎÍÎÃÐÀÔ CHRONOLOGY

У Києві відбулося офіційне відкриття представництва Державної нафтової компанії Азербайджану (SOCAR). За словами президента SOCAR Ровнага Абдуллаєва, представництво займатиметься дослідженням енергетичного ринку України. «Нас цікавить маркетинг усього ринку України, можливості транспортування, можливості організації тут продажу азербайджанських нафтопродуктів», – сказав він. The mission of the Governmental oil company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR) was officially opened in Kyiv. According to the words of the president of SOCAR, Rovnag Abdullajev, this mission will study the energy market of Ukraine. «We are interested in the marketing of the whole market of Ukraine, possibility to transport and to organize sale of the Azerbaijan oil products», – he said.

У день Святої Покрови на Херсонщині на базі Новотроїцького центру культури та дозвілля відбувся VІ обласний фестиваль українського козацтва «Слобідський козачий круг». У фестивалі взяли участь 27 виконавців (серед них 4 хори та 14 ансамблів). До репертуару учасників увійшли твори про козацтво, козацькі пісні, обробки народних пісень. Близько п’яти годин тривало свято козацтва. Закінчився фестиваль святковим феєрверком, врученням кожному колективу короваїв, пам’ятних сувенірів та дипломів. The IV regional festival of Ukrainian Cossacks «Suburban Cossacks circle» took part on the day of St.Pokrova in the Kherson region on the base of the Novotroick Centre of culture and leisure. 27 performers took part in this festival (including 4 choruses and 14 ensembles). Works about Cossacks, Cossacks songs, adaptations of folk songs were in the repertoire of the participants. The Cossacks holiday lasted approximately for five hours. This festival ended with festive fireworks, the investiture of the round loafs and commemorative souvenirs and diplomas to every group, – said the press service of the regional governmental administration of Kherson region.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

У Запоріжжі розпочав роботу ІІІ Міжнародний інвестиційний форум. Запорізький регіон має потужний індустріальний і аграрний потенціал, унікальний людський ресурс, тож є інвестиційно привабливим не лише для українських, а й для зарубіжних бізнесових кіл. Це підтверджує і географія учасників цьогорічного заходу, і високий рівень представництва – участь у роботі Форуму взяли представники дипломатичного корпусу Угорщини, Росії, Фінляндії, Польщі, Кореї, Узбекистану. Голова Запорізької облдержадміністрації Олександр Старух запевнив учасників зустрічі у готовності обласної виконавчої влади до діалогу з бізнесом, спроможності створити сприятливі умови для розвитку підприємництва, зокрема і з часткою іноземного капіталу. Серед основних завдань Форуму, крім традиційного пошуку нових вигідних контактів, як відповідь на виклики сьогодення з’явилося ще одне – орієнтування підприємців, керівників територій, державних та комунальних установ на пошук можливостей доступу до активних джерел інвестицій. The III International investment forum was started in Zaporizhia. As the guests and participants of this forum mentioned, Zaporizhia region has a very powerful industrial and agricultural potential, unique human resources, so it is attractive for investments not only for Ukrainians, but also in foreign business circles. It is also confirmed by the geography of this years participants and a high level of representation – this year representatives of the diplomatic bodies of Hungary, Russia, Finland, Poland, Korea, Uzbekistan took part in the work of this Forum. The head of the Zaporizhia regional governmental administration, Oleksandr Starukh, assured participants of this meeting, that the regional executive council is ready to have a dialog with business, create favourable conditions for development of entrepreneurship and, even, with the part of foreign investment. A new task appeared on the Forum, next to the standard one – to look for new profitable contacts,– as an answer to the challenges of the present time, it is orientation of entrepreneurs, managers of territories and governmental and municipal institutions to look for possibilities of access to active sources of investments

Президент України Віктор Ющенко взяв участь в урочистому відкритті перевантажувального термінала з відвантаження зернових та олійних культур на річковий транспорт у с. Вітовому Чигиринського району Черкаської області. Термінал було збудовано в рамках інвестиційного проекту ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН», що передбачає створення власного річкового флоту та будівництво 8 елеваторів. Будівництво було завершено за рекордно короткий термін – лише за два (!) місяці. Президент звернув увагу на те, що потужності елеватора дають змогу переробляти кількасот тисяч тонн зернової продукції та забезпечують десятивідсоткове здешевлення собівартості постачання зерна. В.Ющенко також висловив переконання, що термінал сприятиме відновленню Дніпровського транспортного вузла. Віктор Андрійович назвав інвестиційний проект ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН» «проектом хорошого настрою». За словами Президента, «криза – це не тільки трагедія, це спосіб удосконалення, реформування, зміни того, що заважає ефективній і конкурентній праці. Коли дивишся на такий приклад, що в найскладнішу економічну кризу з повоєнних часів на Черкащині піднімається капітальний високотехнологічний об’єкт вартістю більше 100 млн гривень об’ємів інвестування, цьому хочеться просто аплодувати і сказати великі слова вдячності за ваш труд». Генеральний директор ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН» Олексій Вадатурський запросив Президента на спуск чотирьох суден у Миколаєві. Вже у листопаді на новозбудованому річковому терміналі в с. Вітовому будуть вантажитись перші судна цієї серії. Таким чином, Дніпро буде працевлаштоване, мешканці Дніпра отримають робочі місця.

The President of Ukraine Victor Yushchenko has taken part in the opening of a new grain and oilseed shipment terminal in Vitove Village, Chygyryn District and Cherkasy region. The terminal was built as part of a «NIBULON Ltd.» investment project that includes the construction of its own river fleet and the construction of 8 elevators. The construction was completed in a record short term – in 2 (!) months only. The President has noticed that the facilities of the elevator enable them to process some hundreds of tons of grain and provide a 10 percent diminution in the prime cost of grain delivery. Yushchenko expressed his opinion that the terminal will also contribute towards the revival of the Dnieper transportation hub. Victor Andriyovich called the «NIBULON Ltd.» investment project «a positively-spirited project». According to the President’s words, «the crisis is not only a tragedy, but also a way to improve, reform and change everything that prevents effective and competitive work. You simply want to applaud and give thanks for the work, which shows that in a time of the most difficult economic crisis, after the postwar period in Cherkasy region, a capital high-technology project totalling more than 100 mln hrn of investments is being built». Oleksiy Vadaturskyy, the director general of «NIBULON Ltd.», had invited the President to be present at the launching of four barges in Mykolayiv. Already on the first of October loading of the first vessels of this line will be carried out at the newly built river terminal. Therefore, navigation along the Dnieper River will be revived and new jobs will be created.

(Докладніше про діяльність ТОВ СП «НІБУЛОН» читайте на с. 34-43)

(More detailed information about the operation of «NIBULON Ltd.» can be found on p. 34-43)

ØËßÕ ÄÎ ÓÑÏ²ÕÓ WAY TO SUCCESS

Створення справді успішної компанії – результат тривалої напруженої праці та багатьох відповідальних рішень її керівника. Це правило підтверджує приклад Сергія Кононова, засновника та президента корпорації «Альянс». Починаючи з продажу нерухомості 1998 року, компанія стрімко розвивалася. Вже 2004-го «Альянс» розпочинає власне житлове будівництво. Сьогодні компанія займається будівництвом, операціями з нерухомістю, девелоперською та фінансовою діяльністю. Сергій Кононов розповів «Імідж.UA» про власний досвід створення потужного українського бізнесу.

Мистецтво будувати бізнес – Êîìïàí³ÿ «Àëüÿíñ» çàñíîâàíà 1998 ðîêó, îäíîãî ç íàéñêëàäí³øèõ äëÿ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ åêîíîì³êè. Íàñê³ëüêè âàæêî áóëî ïî÷èíàòè á³çíåñ ó òîé íåëåãêèé ÷àñ? – Ñèòóàö³ÿ ñïðàâä³ áóëà íåïðîñòîþ. Áàãàòî àãåíòñòâ íåðóõîìîñò³ çàêðèâàëèñÿ, à ¿õí³ ñï³âðîá³òíèêè éøëè ïðàöþâàòè ïðèâàòíèìè ìàêëåðàìè. Îö³íèâøè ñèòóàö³þ, ÿ âèð³øèâ â÷èíèòè íàâïàêè é ðèçèêíóâ. Ïî÷àòîê ðîáîòè 1998-ãî áóâ âàæêèì. Àëå ìè âèñòîÿëè, ³ êîëè ñèòóàö³ÿ ñòàá³ë³çóâàëàñÿ, âèÿâèëèñÿ îäíèì ç íàéì³öí³øèõ ³ íàéïåðñïåêòèâí³øèõ àãåíòñòâ. – Òîä³øíÿ ñèòóàö³ÿ, êîëè Âè ò³ëüêè ïî÷èíàëè, áàãàòî â ÷îìó íàãàäóº íèí³øíþ ô³íàíñîâó êðèçó. ßê öå âïëèâàº íà êîìïàí³þ? – Çâè÷àéíî, â òàêèõ åêîíîì³÷íèõ îáñòàâèíàõ ïðàöþâàòè íåëåãêî. Àëå ìè âæå âèéøëè íà òîé ð³âåíü, êîëè âïåâíåí³ñòü ó ñâî¿ ñèëàõ íå çíèêíå. Ïðîòå çàãàëîì áóä³âåëüíà ãàëóçü ïåðåæèâàº ãëèáîêèé çàíåïàä. Öå ðåçóëüòàò

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

áàãàòüîõ ñèñòåìíèõ ïîìèëîê. Ïî÷èíàþ÷è ç äîâãî¿ òà êîðóìïîâàíî¿ ñèñòåìè îòðèìàííÿ äîçâîë³â íà áóä³âíèöòâî ³ çàê³í÷óþ÷è áåçâ³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòþ âëàäè â åêîíîì³÷í³é ïîë³òèö³. Íà ìîþ äóìêó, öå âñå â³äáóâàºòüñÿ òîìó, ùî êðà¿íîþ óïðàâëÿþòü ïîë³òèêè, ÿê³ âì³þòü îá³öÿòè, àëå íå âèêîíóâàòè. Íà ¿õíº ì³ñöå ïîâèíí³ ïðèéòè ïðîôåñ³îíàëè-ñïåö³àë³ñòè, êîæåí ç ÿêèõ ñàìîñò³éíî äîñÿãíóâ óñï³õó ó ñâî¿é ãàëóç³ òà äîñêîíàëüíî ¿¿ çíàº. Äîêè öüîãî íå ñòàíåòüñÿ, êðà¿íà çàëèøàòèìåòüñÿ â êðèçîâîìó ñòàíîâèù³. – Âè ïî÷èíàëè ÿê îäíå ç áàãàòüîõ àãåíòñòâ. ßê âäàëîñÿ çàëèøèòè êîíêóðåíò³â ïîçàäó òà çàâîþâàòè ë³äåðñüê³ ïîçèö³¿? – Äî òîãî, ÿê çàñíóâàòè êîìïàí³þ, ÿ âèâ÷àâ öåé ðèíîê çñåðåäèíè, ïðàöþþ÷è ïðèâàòíèì ìàêëåðîì. ß ïîì³òèâ, ùî ó áàãàòüîõ îäåñüêèõ àãåíòñòâ º ñõîæ³ ïðîáëåìè, ÿê³ çíèæóþòü åôåêòèâí³ñòü ðîáîòè. Ïî-ïåðøå, çàêðèò³ áàçè äàíèõ ùîäî êâàðòèð. Ìè áóëè ïåðø³, õòî çðîáèâ áàçè

â³äêðèòèìè. Êîæåí ð³åëòîð ì³ã áà÷èòè, äå ³ ÿêà êâàðòèðà ïðîäàºòüñÿ é íå âòðà÷àòè ÷àñó íà ïîøóêè ö³º¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿. Â ³íøèõ àãåíòñòâàõ ºäèíî¿ â³äêðèòî¿ áàçè íå áóëî, òîìó ð³åëòîð íå ì³ã øâèäêî íàäàòè ïîâíó ³íôîðìàö³þ íà çàïèò êë³ºíòà, îáìåæóþ÷èñü ëèøå âëàñíîþ áàçîþ. Öå ïîçíà÷àëîñÿ íà îïåðàòèâíîñò³ òà ÿêîñò³ ðîáîòè ç êë³ºíòàìè. Äðóãîþ ïðîáëåìîþ áóëî òå, ùî ð³åëòîðè îäíîãî àãåíòñòâà íàìàãàëèñÿ ïðàöþâàòè ïî âñüîìó ì³ñòó, âòðà÷àþ÷è áàãàòî ÷àñó ³ íå ìàþ÷è ìîæëèâîñò³ ðåòåëüí³øå âèâ÷èòè ðèíîê îêðåìèõ ðàéîí³â. Ìè ïîä³ëèëè ì³ñòî íà 5 ñåêòîð³â, ó êîæíîìó ç ÿêèõ â³äêðèëè ô³ë³þ. Êîæíà ô³ë³ÿ â³äïîâ³äàëà çà ñâ³é ðàéîí, ùî çðîáèëî íàøó ðîáîòó â ðàçè åôåêòèâí³øîþ. Ùå îäíà ñêëàäîâà óñï³õó – êàäðîâà ïîë³òèêà. Ìè íàáèðàëè ëþäåé áåç äîñâ³äó ðîáîòè â íåðóõîìîñò³, ïðîôåñ³éíî íàâ÷àëè ¿õ, ïðàâèëüíî ìîòèâóâàëè, äàþ÷è ìîæëèâ³ñòü êàð’ºðíîãî çðîñòàííÿ. Òàêèì ÷èíîì, ìè ñòâîðèëè êîëåêòèâ, ÿêèé ³äåàëüíî â³äïîâ³äàâ íàøèì âèìîãàì. Öå áóëà

êîìàíäà ëþäåé, ÿêà çëàãîäæåíî ïðàöþâàëà, ìàëà ÷³òê³ ìåõàí³çìè ðîáîòè ³ äèñöèïë³íó. – ×îìó Âè âèð³øèëè ðîçøèðèòè á³çíåñ ³ çàéíÿëèñÿ áóä³âíèöòâîì? – Ïðîäàþ÷è æèòëî, ìè óêëàäàëè áåçë³÷ äîãîâîð³â ç ð³çíèìè áóä³âåëüíèìè ô³ðìàìè íà ïðàâî ðåàë³çàö³¿ îá’ºêò³â ó áóäèíêàõ öèõ êîìïàí³é. Äëÿ öüîãî áóëî íåîáõ³äíî ðåòåëüíî âèâ÷èòè âñ³ äîçâ³ëüí³ äîêóìåíòè íà ïî÷àòîê áóä³âíèöòâà, ïðîâåñòè àóäèò. Ìè ìàëè áóòè óïåâíåíèìè â òîìó, ùî íàø³ ïàðòíåðè – áóä³âåëüí³ êîìïàí³¿ – íàä³éí³. Àäæå íàø³ êë³ºíòè äîâ³ðÿëè ñàìå íàì. Òîìó â Îäåñ³ ÷àñòî ìîæíà áóëî ïî÷óòè: «ßêùî ö³ êâàðòèðè ïðîäàº «Àëüÿíñ», çíà÷èòü, âñå íàä³éíî». Ïðàöþþ÷è ç áóäêîìïàí³ÿìè, ìè ïîáà÷èëè, ÿê áóä³âåëüíà ñïðàâà âèãëÿäàº çñåðåäèíè – óçãîäæåííÿ, òåðì³íè, öèôðè. Êð³ì òîãî, ç êîëîñàëüíèì äîñâ³äîì ïðîäàæ³â, ìè äóæå äîáðå çíàëèñÿ íà òîìó, ùî ìàº ïîïèò. ßê³ êâàðòèðè òðåáà áóäóâàòè, â ÿêèõ ðàéîíàõ. Âèð³øèëè,

ùî ãîòîâ³ äëÿ ðîçøèðåííÿ á³çíåñó, ³ ïî÷àëè ä³ÿòè. Ç 2002 ðîêó ô³íàíñóâàëè ³íøèõ áóä³âåëüíèê³â, à ç 2004-ãî – ñòâîðèëè äâ³ áóä³âåëüí³ êîìïàí³¿ ³ çàïóñòèëè âëàñí³ ïðîåêòè. – Ó áóä³âåëüí³é ñïðàâ³ Âè äîñÿãëè çíà÷íîãî óñï³õó. Íàïåâíî, òóò òåæ áóëè ÿê³ñü õèòðîù³? – Ïîâòîðþñü, ìè äóæå äîáðå çíàëè, ùî ìàº íàéá³ëüøèé ïîïèò. Åë³òíå æèòëî ïðîäàâàëîñÿ, àëå äîñèòü ð³äêî. Òîìó ìè çðîáèëè àêöåíò íà ñîö³àëüíîìó æèòë³ ³ ïåðøî÷åðãîâî ïî÷àëè áóäóâàòè æèòëîâ³ áóäèíêè â ñïàëüíèõ ðàéîíàõ. Òàê³ êâàðòèðè äîáðå ïðîäàâàëèñÿ. – Ùî Âè ìîæåòå íàçâàòè ãîëîâíîþ ïåðåøêîäîþ íà øëÿõó ñâîãî á³çíåñó? – Ç öèìè ïåðåøêîäàìè äîâîäèòüñÿ çóñòð³÷àòèñÿ áóäü-ÿê³é êîìïàí³¿ â Óêðà¿í³. Öå íå ïðîñòî ïåðåøêîäà, öå – ñò³íà, çáóäîâàíà ñèñòåìîþ áþðîêðàò³¿ ³ êîðóïö³¿. Ïî÷èíàþ÷è á³çíåñ, ÿ äóìàâ, ùî öþ ñò³íó ìîæíà ÿêîñü çäîëàòè àáî îá³éòè. Àëå ç

÷àñîì çðîçóì³â: ùîá ñòàíîâèùå çì³íèëîñÿ íà êðàùå, ñò³íó òðåáà çðóéíóâàòè. Ñïîä³âàþñÿ, ç ÷àñîì â Óêðà¿í³ ç’ÿâëÿòüñÿ ñèëè, çäàòí³ çì³íèòè ñèòóàö³þ. – Âè ðîçïîâ³ëè ïðî áàãàòî ïðîôåñ³éíèõ ð³øåíü, ÿê³ äîçâîëèëè ïîáóäóâàòè êîðïîðàö³þ «Àëüÿíñ». À ïðîòå, ÷è º ó Âàñ ÿêèéñü ºäèíèé çàãàëüíèé ñåêðåò óñï³õó? – ß á íå ñòàâ íàçèâàòè öå ñåêðåòîì. Éäåòüñÿ ïðî ðå÷³, áåç ÿêèõ íå îá³éòèñÿ: âèñîêà ïðàöåçäàòí³ñòü, ö³ëåñïðÿìîâàí³ñòü, óì³ííÿ íå â³äñòóïàòè ïåðåä òðóäíîùàìè, äîñÿãàþ÷è ïîñòàâëåíî¿ ìåòè. Ì³é óñï³õ ñòàâ ìîæëèâèé òàêîæ çàâäÿêè ìîºìó íàä³éíîìó ïàðòíåðîâ³ â æèòò³ ³ ðîáîò³ – äðóæèí³ Îëüç³, ÿêà º â³öåïðåçèäåíòîì êîìïàí³¿. Îëüãà – äîñâ³ä÷åíèé ìåíåäæåð ³ êåð³âíèê, áåç ÿêîãî äîñÿãòè óñï³õó áóëî á íàáàãàòî ñêëàäí³øå. Òàêîæ íå ìîæó íå ñêàçàòè ïðî ñâîþ êîìàíäó, ÿêà çàâæäè ä³º ÿê ºäèíèé çëàãîäæåíèé ìåõàí³çì, ÿêèé ìàº ºäèí³ ö³ë³ ³ ÷³òêå ðîçóì³ííÿ òîãî, ÿê äî íèõ ðóõàòèñÿ.

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ– Í²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ UKRAINE – GERMANY

ØËßÕ ÄÎ ÓÑÏ²ÕÓ WAY TO SUCCESS

The creation of a truly successful company is the result of hard and arduous work as well as numerous responsible decisions by its manager. This rule is proved by the example of Sergey Kononov, the founder and President of Alians Corporation. Starting with sales of real estate in 1998, the company developed rapidly. In 2004, Alians began building over 170 000 square meters of residential space. Today the company works in construction, real estate, development and finance markets, being the leader of field in the region. Sergey Kononov told Image.ua about his experience in building a powerful Ukrainian business.

The art of building business – Company «Alians» was established in 1998, one of the toughest years for the Ukrainian economy. How hard was it to start up a business at those difficult times? – The situation wasn’t easy indeed. Of course, the crisis of those days negatively affected the real estate market. Many real estate agencies had to close then, and their employees started working as private brokers. Ànalyzing the situation, I decided to do vice versa and face the challenge. The beginning of our work in 1998 wasn’t easy at all. But we managed to remain on our feet; and when the situation became steady, we happened to be one of the most stable and promising agencies. – The situation in 1998, when you started your business, very much reminds us of the current financial crisis. How are you coping with it? – It goes without saying that working in today’s economic conditions isn’t easy. But we have reached a level at which self-confidence won’t leave us.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

In general, the construction industry is on the down-grade now. And that is the result of numerous system mistakes – starting with a long and corrupted system of receiving permits for construction, and ending with the irresponsibility of authorities in the economic policy of the country. In my opinion, this happens because our country is ruled by policy makers who don’t walk their talk. They have to be replaced by professionals who reached success in their fields and gained an understanding of how things work. Until that happens, our country is going to remain in permanent «crisis». – You started operating like one of the many agencies. How did you manage to leave your competitors behind and win a leadership position? – Before establishing the company, I started exploring this market from inside out, by working as a private broker myself. I’ve noticed that many Odessa agencies have similar problems, which decrease the level of effectiveness greatly. First of all, I mean the

closed data bases of apartments. We were the first ones who made them open. Every broker could see which apartment is for sale and where, not loosing time in the search for this information. Other agencies didn’t have one consolidated data base of real estate, thus a broker could not give full information upon client’s request, by being restricted to his data base only. That affected prompt responses and quality of client service. The second problem was that brokers of one agency tried to work in the whole city, by loosing precious time and not having a chance to study the market of certain regions carefully. We divided the city into 5 sectors and opened our branch in each one of them. Every branch was responsible for its region, which made our work more efficient. Another success component is our HR policy. We hired people without work experience in real estate, trained them, motivated them in the right way, by giving them an opportunity to grow professionally. By doing that, we created a team which met all our requirements. It was a group of people that worked

Сергій Кононов з родиною Sergey Kononov with the family

as a team and had clear operating principles and discipline. – Why have you decided to expand your business and start working in development? – By selling property, we signed a lot of contracts with different development firms to have the right of selling building sites in houses of those companies that are being constructed. In order to do that it was necessary to study all permits for the beginning of construction carefully, conduct an audit. We had to be sure that our partners – development companies – are reliable, as our clients trusted us. That’s why you could often hear in Odessa, «If these apartments are being sold by Alians, everything will be fine». By working with development companies closely, we saw how construction looks from inside out – approvals, timelines, numbers. Besides, by having huge work experience in sales, we clearly knew what was in demand, which apartments should be built and in which parts of the city. We decided we

were ready to begin expanding the business and started acting. Since 2002 we have financed developers, and since 2004 we have started up two development companies and launched our own projects. – You became more than successful in development. You must have some secrets, right? – As I had already told you, we knew the real estate market quite well and realized what was in demand. Elite property was sold, but quite randomly. That’s why we made an emphasis on social property, and first of all started building residential real estate in bedroom districts. Such apartments found a ready market. – What would you name as the main obstacle in the path of your business? – Every company in Ukraine is facing these obstacles. These are not just obstacles, this is the wall built by red tape and corruption. By starting a business, I thought this wall can be overcome or avoided. But with time I real-

ized that everything changed for the better and this wall should be destroyed till the end. I truly hope that over the years Ukraine will have the power to change the status quo. – You’ve told us of many professional decisions which helped you in the building of Alians Corporation. And still, do you have one common secret of your success? – I wouldn’t call it a secret. I’m referring to things which cannot be ignored – a high degree of diligence, a sense of purpose as well as the ability not to give up when facing challenges and reach desired goals. My success was really due to my reliable partner in business and life – my wife Olga, the Vice President of the company. Olga is an experienced manager and supervisor; without her input it would have been much more difficult to reach success. I should also mention my team that always works as one mechanism, has common goals and a clear understanding of how to make them real.

ÀÍÀË²ÒÈÊÀ ANALYTICS

Україна проходить фазу накопичення цивільного досвіду Письменник, філософ, політик, якого часто цитують українські ЗМІ, політолог і політтехнолог. Останнім часом керував громадською експертною організацією «Європейський інститут інтеграції та розвитку». Він автор і співавтор понад 500 робіт з політології, міжнародних відносин і філософії. Цьогоріч Указом Президента Віктора Ющенка призначений заступником Секретаря Ради національної безпеки і оборони. Йдеться про одну людину – Дмитра Видріна. Пропонуємо до вашої уваги уривки з інтернет-конференції Дмитра Гнатовича (http://www.liga.net/) та з особистих розмов з ним.

– Äìèòðå Ãíàòîâè÷ó, õòî ç ïîë³òèê³â, íà Âàøó äóìêó, çäàòåí âèâåñòè êðà¿íó ç íèí³øíüîãî õàîñó ³ ñïðèÿòè ïðîöâ³òàííþ Óêðà¿íè ÿê íà ïîë³òè÷í³é, òàê ³ íà åêîíîì³÷í³é àðåí³? – Ìåí³ çäàºòüñÿ, ùî ì³ñ³ÿ ïðàâëÿ÷î¿ åë³òè – íå áóäóâàòè ³ òâîðèòè, à ñàìå ðóéíóâàòè. Âîíè âæå äîëàìóþòü âñå, ùî çàëèøèëîñÿ â³ä ðàäÿíñüêî¿ ñèñòåìè – ÿê õîðîøå, òàê ³ ïîãàíå. Ï³ñëÿ öüîãî ó íèõ çàëèøèòüñÿ äðóãà ³ îñòàííÿ ì³ñ³ÿ: çíèùèòè îäíå îäíîãî. Îñü òîä³-òî ³ ç’ÿâëÿòüñÿ ïîë³òèêè-òâîðö³, çäàòí³ âèâåñòè êðà¿íó ç õàîñó. – Íå õî÷åòüñÿ â³ðèòè, ùî ÷åðãîâ³ ï’ÿòü ðîê³â âèÿâëÿòüñÿ íàñòóïíèì ñòðèáêîì íàçàä... – Âè çíàºòå, ÿ íå äóìàþ, ùî ìè éäåìî íàçàä, íàâ³òü ÿêùî ïàäàº åêîíîì³êà. Ð³÷ ó ò³ì, ùî íàêîïè÷óºòüñÿ êðèòè÷íèé öèâ³ëüíèé äîñâ³ä ³ êðèòè÷íà ìàñà öèâ³ëüíî¿ íåçàäîâîëåíîñò³. Áóäüÿêà êðèòè÷íà ìàñà ðàíî ÷è ï³çíî âèáóõàº, òîáòî ïåðåòâîðþºòüñÿ íà ³íøó ÿê³ñòü. ²íàêøå á âîíà íå íàçèâàëàñÿ êðèòè÷íîþ. Òîìó ÿ äóìàþ, ùî ïåðåäóìîâè ìàéáóòíüîãî, ìàéáóòí³õ çì³í âæå çàêëàäåíî â íàøèõ ïîãëÿäàõ, â íàøèõ â³ä÷óòòÿõ. Ïèòàííÿ ò³ëüêè â òîìó, êîëè âñå öå ðàïòîì âèÿâèòüñÿ íà ïîâåðõí³. – Òîáòî íàøå ñóñï³ëüñòâî ùå íå äîçð³ëî äëÿ ñåðéîçíèõ ñîö³àëüíèõ, åêîíîì³÷íèõ, ïîë³òè÷íèõ çì³í? – Êîëè ñóñï³ëüñòâî äîçð³âàº äëÿ ñåðéîçíèõ çì³í, ö³ çì³íè â³äáóâàþòüñÿ. Íàïðèêëàä, âè æ íå ìîæåòå æèòè ç³ ñâîºþ äðóæèíîþ íåñê³í÷åííî äîâãî, ÿêùî «äîçð³ëè» äëÿ ñåðéîçíèõ çì³í ó ñ³ìåéíîìó æèòò³. Òàê ñàìî ³ â ñóñï³ëüñòâ³. ß äóìàþ, ùî ö³ çì³íè âæå «íà íîñ³», àëå ä³çíàºìîñÿ ìè ïðî íèõ ò³ëüêè òîä³, êîëè âîíè ïî÷íóòü ðåàë³çîâóâàòèñÿ. – Çàðàç ñòàëî ìîäíèì ñòâîðþâàòè ìîëîä³æí³ îñåðåäêè ïîë³òè÷íèõ ïàðò³é. Ç ÷èì Âè öå ïîâ’ÿçóºòå? – Êîëîñàëüíîþ ïîìèëêîþ âñ³õ ïîë³òèê³â îñòàíí³õ äåñÿòèë³òü áóëî ðîçä³ëåííÿ ïîë³òèêè

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

íà «äîðîñëó» ³ «ìîëîä³æíó». Öå áóëî ìîæëèâî 30 ðîê³â òîìó, àëå íå çàðàç. Íèí³ â³ñ³ìíàäöÿòèð³÷íà ä³â÷èíà ³íîä³ ïåðåêîíëèâ³øà ó ñâî¿õ ïîë³òè÷íèõ óïîäîáàííÿõ, í³æ áàòüêè àáî äðóç³ áàòüê³â. Òîìó, ÿêùî ñòâîðþâàòè íîâèé ðóõ, òî éîãî ïîòð³áíî ñòâîðþâàòè ºäèíèì ³ ìîíîë³òíèì, ó ÿêîìó ïîë³òè÷íèé â³ê âèçíà÷àòèìåòüñÿ íå ïðîæèòèìè ðîêàìè, à ê³ëüê³ñòþ ïðî÷èòàíèõ êíèæîê òà ³äåé ó ãîëîâ³. – Âñ³ êàæóòü, ùî ãîëîâíà áîðîòüáà íà âèáîðàõ òî÷èòèìåòüñÿ ì³æ äâîìà ë³äåðàìè: ßíóêîâè÷åì òà Òèìîøåíêî. À ÷è áà÷èòå Âè íîâ³ îáëè÷÷ÿ â ïîë³òèö³? ßêùî òàê, òî õòî âîíè? – Íà æàëü, íîâèõ ÿñêðàâèõ îñîáèñòîñòåé ó ïîë³òèö³ ÿ äîñ³ íå áà÷ó. Íàéö³êàâ³øå, ùî â³äáóëîñÿ â Óêðà¿í³, – öå ï³äì³íà ðåàëüíèõ ïîë³òèê³â ìàñêàìè. Íàïðèêëàä, ç’ÿâëÿºòüñÿ íîâèé ïîë³òèê ç³, çäàâàëîñÿ á, íîâèìè ðèñàìè, íîâîþ ïîë³òè÷íîþ çà÷³ñêîþ (àáî ÿñêðàâîþ ëèñèíîþ), íîâèì ïîë³òè÷íèì âèðàçîì îáëè÷÷ÿ, íîâèì áëèñêîì î÷åé... À êîëè äî íüîãî ïðèäèâëÿºøñÿ: âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, ùî öå ìàñêà, ï³ä ÿêîþ òå æ ñàìå ñòàðå çìîðøêóâàòå îáëè÷÷ÿ, ç òüìÿíèì ïîãëÿäîì, íåÿñêðàâîþ ïîë³òè÷íîþ ì³ì³êîþ. Àëå íàéãîëîâí³øå – ç íåâèðàçíîþ ïîë³òè÷íîþ ïðîïîçèö³ºþ. ß êîëèñü îïèñàâ ôåíîìåí óêðà¿íñüêèõ ïîë³òè÷íèõ ñòàðè÷ê³â (ìîëîäèõ ñòàðè÷ê³â). Áàãàòî íàøèõ ìîëîäèõ ïîë³òèê³â «çóì³ëè» ïîñòàð³òè, íå ïðîéøîâøè ôàçó çð³ëîñò³: âîíè ç õëîïö³â â³äðàçó ïåðåòâîðèëèñÿ íà ñòàðèõ, áóðêîòëèâèõ, îáðàçëèâèõ ³ íåêðåàòèâíèõ. Öå ñóòî óêðà¿íñüêèé ôåíîìåí. Òîæ íîâèõ îñîáèñòîñòåé ÿ íå áà÷ó. – À ÿê áè Âè îõàðàêòåðèçóâàëè íèí³øí³é ñòàí ñó÷àñíèõ ïîë³òè÷íèõ ñèë Óêðà¿íè? – ß äóìàþ, ùî çàðàç ïåðåä ïàðò³ÿìè ñòîÿòü ÷åðãîâ³ ñåðéîçí³ âèïðîáóâàííÿ. Ïðîáëåìà óêðà¿íñüêèõ ïîë³òè÷íèõ ïàðò³é íàñàìïåðåä ó òîìó, ùî çà ñâî¿ì âíóòð³øíüîïàðò³éíèì ðîçâèòêîì âîíè â³äñòàëè â³ä çàãàëüíîãî ðîçâèòêó ñóñï³ëüñòâà. Ïðèíàéìí³ çà êðèòåð³ÿìè â³ëüíîäóìñòâà ³

êðåàòèâíîñò³. ß ââàæàþ, ùî ï³ñëÿ ïðåçèäåíòñüêèõ, à îñîáëèâî äîñòðîêîâèõ ïàðëàìåíòñüêèõ âèáîð³â, óñ³ óêðà¿íñüê³ ïàðò³¿ ïðîéäóòü ÷åðåç ðàäèêàëüí³ çì³íè ñâîº¿ ³äåîëîã³¿, ñòðóêòóðè ³ ìåòîä³â ïàðò³éíîãî áóä³âíèöòâà. Îäíîãî ðàçó ìåí³ äîâåëîñÿ ðîçìîâëÿòè ç ãðóïîþ äåïóòàò³â ç ªâðîïàðëàìåíòó. ² çíàºòå, ùî ìåí³ ñêàçàâ îäèí ç ïàðëàìåíòàð³¿â? «Ìè âèð³øèëè íå ïðèéìàòè âàñ â ªÑ, êîëè ïîáà÷èëè, ÿê âàø³ äåïóòàòè ³ âè îñîáèñòî áëîêóâàëè òóàëåòè, ùèòîâ³, ëàìàëè ì³êðîôîíè ³ ðóáàëè ñîêèðàìè ñèëîâ³ êàáåë³ ó Âåðõîâí³é Ðàä³. Îñü ìè é óÿâèëè, – ãîâîðèâ äåïóòàò, – ÿê âè â ªâðîïàðëàìåíò³ áëîêóâàòèìåòå ùèòîâ³ é êàá³íåòè, ðóáàòèìåòå íàø êàáåëü… Ïîñòàº çàïèòàííÿ: íàâ³ùî íàì öå òðåáà?» Òîáòî ÿêùî ìè õî÷åìî éòè äî ªâðîïè, òî, ÿê ì³í³ìóì, ïîâèíí³ ïîâîäèòèñÿ ÿê ºâðîïåéö³ âæå ó ñâî¿é êðà¿í³, àäæå ªâðîïà ìàº î÷³ é âóõà.

З’являється новий політик зі, здавалося б, новим політичним виразом обличчя, новим блиском очей... А коли до нього придивляєшся: виявляється, що це маска, під якою те ж саме старе зморшкувате обличчя, з тьмяним поглядом, неяскравою політичною мімікою. Але найголовніше – з невиразною політичною пропозицією.

Ukraine Passes the Phase of Civil Experience Accumulation A writer, philosopher and politician who is often quoted by the Ukrainian massmedia, a political scientist and political technologist who for some recent years he has been managing the public expert organization «European institute of integration and development». He is an author and co-author of more than 500 works in political science, international relations and philosophy. This year by the decree of President Victor Yushchenko he was appointed as the National Security and Defense Council Deputy Secretary. We are still talking about one person – Dmytro Vydrin. Now your attention is called to the extracts from the internet-conference with Dmytro Gnatovych (http://www.liga.net/) and from the personal conversations with him.

– Dmytro Gnatovych, which politician, to your mind, is capable of leading the country out of its present chaos and helping with the prosperity of Ukraine in political as well as in the economic arena?

conditions of the future, for future changes are already laid up in our opinions, in our feelings. The only question is when all of it will suddenly show up.

– It seems to me the mission of the ruling elite is not to build and create, but namely to destroy. They are about to destroy everything that remained from the soviet system, both good and bad. After this they will be left the second and final mission: to destroy each other to the end. And then there will appear creative politicians-, who will be capable of leading the country out of chaos.

– You mean our society is not yet ripe for serious social, economic and political changes?

– It is difficult to face the truth that the coming five years will turn out to be one more jump backward... – You know, I don’t think we’re making our way back, even if the economy declines. The point is that critical civil experience and a critical mass of civil dissatisfaction accumulates. Sooner or later any critical mass explodes, i.e. transforms into another quality. Otherwise it wouldn’t be called critical. That’s why I think pre-

For example a brand new politics appears. It seems like he’s got new features, a new political mien and a new brilliance in the eyes... And when you take a closer look at him it becomes clear it is nothing but a mask that covers an old wrinkled face with a vague look and dim political mimicry. But the main thing is his unstable political suggestions.

– If the society ripens for serious changes, such changes take place. For example, you can not stand living with your wife infinitely, if you «have ripened» for serious changes in domestic life. The same happens within society. To my mind these changes are about to come, but we will learn about them only when they start acting. – Nowadays it is fashionable to create youth organizations of political parties. Is there any connection between these facts? – The huge mistake of all politicians of the last decades was dividing politics into «adult» and «young». It was applicable 30 years ago, but not anymore. At the present even an eighteen year old girl sometimes can be more convincing in her political preferences, than her parents or friends of her parents. That is why, if there is a need to create new motion, it should be done as a solid and monolithic motion, in which political age is determined not by the amount of years lived, but with the amount of books read and ideas in the head. – People say the main struggle during the elections will be between two leaders: Yanukovych and Timoshenko. Do you see any new faces in politics? If so, who are they? – Unfortunately, up to now I still see no bright personalities in politics. The most interesting is what took place in Ukraine: it is a substitution of real politics with masks. For example a brand new politics appears. It seems like he’s got new features, new political hair style (or a shining bald

spot), a new political mien and a new brilliance in the eyes... And when you take a closer look at him it becomes clear it is nothing but a mask that covers an old wrinkled face with a vague look and dim political mimicry. But the main thing is his unstable political suggestions. I have described the phenomenon of Ukrainian political olds (young olds). Many of our young politicians «succeed» in becoming old, not passing the stage of maturity: at once from the boys they transformed into old, mumbling, touchy and noncreative people. This is a specifically Ukrainian phenomenon. Thus I see no one new. – And how would you outline the present condition of modern Ukrainian political forces? – I think this is a time when parties face imminent serious trials. The problem of Ukrainian political parties first of all is in their society developmental lag, caused by focusing on innerparty development, at least measuring with criteria of free-thinking and creativity. To my opinion after presidential, and especially prescheduled parliamentary elections, all Ukrainian parties will traverse radical changes of their ideology, structure and party-building methods. Once I got a chance to have a talk with the group of Euro-parliament deputies. And do you know what I was told by one of the deputies? «We decided not to affiliate you into the EU, when we saw that your deputies and you personally had blocked lavatories and entrance rooms, were breaking microphones and were chopping with axes the power cables in the Supreme Rada. And here we imagined you,– says the deputy – blocking entrance rooms, cabinets and chopping our cables in the Euro-parliament. A question appears: why do we need it?» It means, in order to reach Europe at least we have to behave as Europeans do and understand that here in our own country, as a matter of fact, Europe has got eyes and ears.

ÀÍÀË²ÒÈÊÀ ANALYTICS

Кризис. Не только катастрофа, но и шанс… Мировой финансовый кризис по-прежнему будоражит умы, ставя извечные вопросы: кто виноват и что делать? И если с «кто виноват?» все уже более-менее понятно, то вопрос «что делать?» остается открытым. За комментариями относительно путей преодоления экономического кризиса в Украине мы обратились к Олегу Устенко. – Îëåã Ëåîíèäîâè÷, â îäíîì èç èíòåðâüþ Âû ñêàçàëè, ÷òî êðèçèñ â Óêðàèíå óäàñòñÿ îñòàíîâèòü óæå â ýòîì ãîäó. Ïðè÷åì ê 2010 ãîäó âíóòðåííèé âàëîâîé ïðîäóêò (ÂÂÏ) âûðàñòåò íà 3%. Ýòî áîëåå ÷åì îïòèìèñòè÷íûé ïðîãíîç (åñëè ñðàâíèâàòü ñ ïðîãíîçàìè ìíîãèõ àíàëèòèêîâ, ãîâîðÿùèõ, ÷òî ìèðîâîé ôèíàíñîâûé êðèçèñ áóäåò ëèøü óãëóáëÿòüñÿ). Íà ÷åì îñíîâûâàåòñÿ òàêàÿ óâåðåííîñòü?

ВИЗИТКА Олег УСТЕНКО – исполнительный директор Международного фонда Блейзера (The Bleyzer Foundation). Проводимые им финансово-экономические исследования и разработки сфокусированы на странах с развивающейся и переходной экономикой. Олег Леонидович активно участвовал в различных проектах, проводимых Всемирным банком, Организацией экономического сотрудничества и развития, правительствами стран СНГ и ведущих университетов мира, включая Гарвард, Дьюк и Массачусетский институт технологий. Г-н Устенко имеет степень магистра Гарвардского университета, кандидата экономических наук Киевского национального экономического университета.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

– ×òî êàñàåòñÿ ýêîíîìè÷åñêîé ñèòóàöèè â Óêðàèíå â 2009 ãîäó, òî ìû îñòàâëÿåì íàø íåãàòèâíûé ïðîãíîç ïî ïîâîäó ÂÂÏ: ïàäåíèå ñîñòàâèò ïîðÿäêà 15%. Íà 2010 ãîä, äåéñòâèòåëüíî, ïðîãíîç áîëåå îïòèìèñòè÷åí: îæèäàåòñÿ ðîñò â 3%. Îäíà èç ãëàâíûõ ïðè÷èí ðîñòà ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî îæèäàþòñÿ ïîçèòèâíûå ïîäâèæêè íà ìèðîâûõ ðûíêàõ. Ïðåæäå âñåãî, íà ðûíêå ÑØÀ, ÷üÿ ýêîíîìèêà ïàäàëà ñî II êâàðòàëà 2008 ãîäà ïî II êâàðòàë 2009-ãî. III êâàðòàë òåêóùåãî ãîäà ïîêàæåò íóëåâîå ïàäåíèå (èëè äàæå íåáîëüøîé ðîñò), à IV, êàê ñåé÷àñ îæèäàåòñÿ, óæå áóäåò ïîçèòèâíûì ñ äàëüíåéøèì ðîñòîì â 2010 ãîäó. Ïîçèòèâíûå ïîäâèæêè îæèäàþòñÿ òàêæå â ýêîíîìèêàõ åâðîïåéñêèõ ñòðàí. Ôðàíöèÿ è Ãåðìàíèÿ óæå ïîêàçûâàþò ðîñò ÂÂÏ íà 0,9%. Íî âìåñòå c òåì åñòü è íåãàòèâ, êîòîðûé ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî 16 ñòðàí Åâðîñîþçà ïîêà ÷òî äåìîíñòðèðóþò ïàäåíèå ïðèìåðíî íà 1%. Åñëè ãîâîðèòü îá àçèàòñêèõ èãðîêàõ, òî èõ ýêîíîìèêè ïðîäîëæàþò ðàñòè. Ó÷èòûâàÿ òîò ôàêò, ÷òî ýêîíîìèêà Óêðàèíû ÿâëÿåòñÿ ýêñïîðòíî-îðèåíòèðîâàííîé, ìû îæèäàåì, ÷òî ðîñò ìèðîâîé ýêîíîìèêè äîëæåí ïîçèòèâíî ïîâëèÿòü íà ìåæäóíàðîäíóþ òîðãîâëþ è, ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, íà ñèòóàöèþ â íàøåé ñòðàíå, ÷òî äàñò âîçìîæíîñòü óëó÷øèòü ñèòóàöèþ. Òåì íå ìåíåå, êîãäà ìû ãîâîðèì o ðîñòå ÂÂÏ íà 3% â 2010 ãîäó, òî íå ñòîèò ñåáå ïðåäñòàâëÿòü ýòîò ïðîãíîç ñëèøêîì îïòèìèñòè÷íûì. Âåäü äî ýòîãî ýêîíîìèêà ñòðàíû óïàëà ïðèìåðíî íà 15%. Áîëåå òîãî, íàøè îæèäàíèÿ íà 2011 ãîä íàõîäÿòñÿ â ïðåäåëàõ ðîñòà ÂÂÏ íà 1-5%.

– Â ÷åì, íà Âàø âçãëÿä, ãëàâíàÿ ïðîáëåìà Óêðàèíû? – Ïðåæäå âñåãî, â òîì, ÷òî òå äðàéâåðà, êîòîðûå ñòèìóëèðîâàëè ðîñò ýêîíîìèêè, èñ÷åðïàëè ñåáÿ. Îäíèì èç ãëàâíûõ äðàéâåðîâ áûë ýêñïîðò. Íî âðÿä ëè öåíû íà íàøó ýêñïîðòíóþ ïðîäóêöèþ áóäóò ðàñòè òàê, êàê îíè êîãäà-òî ðîñëè. Âðÿä ëè ãàç ñòàíåò äåøåâëå, äà è õèìè÷åñêàÿ ïðîäóêöèÿ åäâà ëè íà÷íåò òàê áûñòðî âîññòàíàâëèâàòüñÿ, êàê íàì áû õîòåëîñü. Âðÿä ëè ýêñïîðò ïðîäóêöèè îòå÷åñòâåííîãî ìàøèíîñòðîåíèÿ íàéäåò ïðèìåíåíèå áîëåå øèðîêîå, ÷åì ñåé÷àñ (50% ïðèõîäèòñÿ íà Ðîññèþ, à ëüâèíàÿ äîëÿ îñòàëüíîãî – íà ñòðàíû ÑÍÃ). Âòîðîé èñòî÷íèê, êîòîðûé òîæå òåðÿåò ïîçèöèè, – âíóòðåííåå ïîòðåáëåíèå. Îíî íå áóäåò ðàñòè òàêèìè òåìïàìè, êàê â 20062008 ãîäàõ, êîãäà êðåäèòîâàíèå óâåëè÷èâàëîñü ïðèìåðíî íà 70% â ãîä çà ñ÷åò òîãî, ÷òî óêðàèíñêèå áàíêè ìîãëè ïðèâëåêàòü äåøåâûå ðåñóðñû èç-çà ðóáåæà. Ýòà ñèòóàöèÿ íå ïîâòîðèòñÿ â áóäóùåì. Âñå ñëèøêîì ñèëüíî íàïóãàíû êðèçèñîì – ýòî ïåðâîå. Âòîðîå – Óêðàèíà íå îòíîñèòñÿ ê òîé ãðóïïå ðàçâèòûõ ñòðàí, êîòîðûå ìîãóò ñåáå ïîçâîëèòü òàêèì îáðàçîì óâåëè÷èâàòü êðåäèòû. Íóæíî ÷òî-òî íîâîå, â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå ìû îáðå÷åíû íà ìèíèìàëüíûé ðîñò ÂÂÏ â ïðåäåëàõ 1-5%. Ýòî ñëèøêîì ìàëî äëÿ ñòðàíû, êîòîðàÿ ñîáèðàåòñÿ ñîâåðøèòü ïðîðûâ â áóäóùåì. – Åñòåñòâåííî, âîçíèêàåò âîïðîñ: ÷òî æå òåïåðü äåëàòü? – Ó Óêðàèíû åñòü íåñêîëüêî áîëüøèõ ïðåèìóùåñòâ, êîòîðûå ìîæíî áûëî áû èñïîëüçîâàòü. Ýòî è áîëüøèå ïåðñïåêòèâû ðàçâèòèÿ àãðàðíîãî êîìïëåêñà, è ðàçðàáîòêà íîâûõ òåõíîëîãèé, íàïðàâëåííûõ íà ýíåðãîñáåðåæåíèå… Åùå îäèí âàæíûé ôàêòîð – îáðàçîâàííàÿ ðàáî÷àÿ ñèëà. Åñëè ïîñìîòðåòü íà êîýôôèöèåíò ñòóäåí÷åñòâà, òî ó íàñ îí ñîñòàâëÿåò ïîðÿäêà 55%. Ýòî áîëüøå, ÷åì âî Ôðàíöèè, Ïîëüøå è âî ìíîãèõ äðóãèõ ñòðàíàõ.

Íî èñïîëüçîâàòü ñâîè ïðåèìóùåñòâà äîëæíûì îáðàçîì Óêðàèíà ïîêà íå ìîæåò. Ïî÷åìó? Ïðîáëåìû âîçíèêàþò èç-çà î÷åíü íåêà÷åñòâåííîãî èíâåñòèöèîííîãî êëèìàòà. Âåäü èíâåñòèöèè – íå òîëüêî ïðèòîê äåíåã (õîòÿ è ýòî î÷åíü âàæíî) â ñòðàíó. Ýòî åùå è òðàíñôåð òåõíîëîãèé, çíàíèé, îïûòà. Ýòî âîçìîæíîñòü çàâîåâàíèÿ ìåæäóíàðîäíûõ ðûíêîâ. Ïîýòîìó óëó÷øåíèå èíâåñòèöèîííîãî êëèìàòà, ïðèâëå÷åíèå èíâåñòîðîâ è âñåãî, ÷òî c íèìè ñâÿçàíî, äëÿ Óêðàèíû – ãëàâíûé øàíñ ïîáîðîòü êðèçèñ è ñäåëàòü êà÷åñòâåííûé ñêà÷îê â ñâîåì ðàçâèòèè. – ×òî æå ìåøàåò íàøåé ýêîíîìèêå äâèãàòüñÿ â ïðàâèëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè? – Ãëàâíîå, ÷òî ñåé÷àñ íå óñòðàèâàåò áîëüøèíñòâî èíâåñòîðîâ â Óêðàèíå, – ýòî äàæå íå íåñòàáèëüíàÿ ìàêðîýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ ñèòóàöèÿ, o êîòîðîé òàê ÷àñòî ãîâîðÿò. Ïðåæäå âñåãî, ýòî êîððóïöèÿ, êîòîðàÿ ìåøàåò áèçíåñó ðàçâèâàòüñÿ. Âòîðîå – íåêà÷åñòâåííàÿ ñóäåáíàÿ ñèñòåìà. Âåäü íè â îäíîé ðàçâèòîé ñòðàíå â ïðèíöèïå áûòü íå ìîæåò òàêîãî, ÷òîáû îäèí ñóä ïðèíÿë îäíî ðåøåíèå, à ïî àíàëîãè÷íîìó èñêó âòîðîé – äèàìåòðàëüíî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîå. Ñóäåáíàÿ ðåôîðìà äàâíî íàçðåëà. Êà÷åñòâî ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ íå ïðîñòî ïëîõîå, îíî íåïðèåìëåìî äàæå ïðè óñëîâèè ìèíèìàëüíûõ êðèòåðèåâ îöåíêè. Ïîýòîìó ðåôîðìà ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ åùå îäíîé âàæíîé çàäà÷åé äëÿ ñòðàíû. À ÷òî êàñàåòñÿ áîðüáû c êîððóïöèåé, òî íà âñå íóæíà ïîëèòè÷åñêàÿ âîëÿ. Ïîñìîòðèòå íà îïûò Áîëãàðèè – ñòðàíû, êîòîðàÿ çàõëåáûâàëàñü îò êîððóïöèè â ïîñòñîâåòñêîå âðåìÿ… Êàê òàì ïîñòóïèëè? Ïðèâëåêëè íåçàâèñèìûå ÷àñòíûå áðèòàíñêèå êîìïàíèè, êîòîðûå íà÷àëè ðóêîâîäèòü áîëãàðñêîé òàìîæíåé. Ðåçóëüòàòû âïå÷àòëÿþò: óæå çà ïåðâûé ãîä èõ ðàáîòû êîððóïöèÿ áûëà èñêîðåíåíà. Ïîñòóïëåíèÿ îò òàìîæíè âûðîñëè â ðàçû. Äà, â ñòðàíå â öåëîì åùå åñòü êîððóïöèÿ, íî òàìîæíÿ îò íåå óæå ñâîáîäíà. À

âåäü äàæå íåáîëüøèå èçìåíåíèÿ ìîãóò èìåòü ìóëüòèýôôåêò è â ðåçóëüòàòå ïîâëèÿòü íà îçäîðîâëåíèå ýêîíîìèêè â öåëîì, íà èìèäæ ñòðàíû, íà èíâåñòèöèîííûé êëèìàò. Ñïðàâåäëèâîñòè ðàäè ñòîèò îòìåòèòü, ÷òî óæå íàìå÷åíà âàæíàÿ ïîäâèæêà íà ïóòè óëó÷øåíèÿ èíâåñòèöèîííîãî êëèìàòà â ñòðàíå. Ðå÷ü èäåò î ïåðåãîâîðàõ ïî ïîäïèñàíèþ ñîãëàøåíèÿ o çîíå ñâîáîäíîé òîðãîâëè c Åâðîñîþçîì. Â îòíîøåíèè Óêðàèíû ãîâîðèòñÿ o òàê íàçûâàåìîì ãëóáîêîì ñîãëàøåíèè: òî åñòü ýòî íå òîëüêî îáû÷íàÿ ýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ ÷àñòü, êîòîðàÿ ïîäïèñàíà ìíîãèìè äðóãèìè ãîñóäàðñòâàìè, íî è íåîáõîäèìîñòü èíñòèòóöèîíàëüíûõ èçìåíåíèé. Ïîâòîðþñü, îíè íå ìåíåå âàæíû, ÷åì ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå. Âåäü îò íåêà÷åñòâåííîãî ãîñóïðàâëåíèÿ ñòðàíà óæå çàõëåáûâàåòñÿ. Òàê ÷òî ðåôîðìû íåîáõîäèìû, è ëèøü êîãäà îíè ñîñòîÿòñÿ, ñòàíåò âîçìîæíûì «óêðàèíñêèé ïðîðûâ», «íîâûé âîñòî÷íîåâðîïåéñêèé òèãð», «ñîöèàëüíî-îðèåíòèðîâàííîå ãîñóäàðñòâî» è ò.ä. – Âû ãîâîðèòå î íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïðèâëå÷åíèÿ èíâåñòîðîâ, íî ëè÷íî ìíå íå ðàç ïðèõîäèëîñü ñëûøàòü îò ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ìàëîãî è ñðåäíåãî áèçíåñà î òîì, ÷òî â Óêðàèíå òîëüêî òåì è îáåñïîêîåíû, ÷òîáû çàçûâàòü èíâåñòîðîâ. È âñå âìåñòî òîãî, ÷òîáû ïîääåðæàòü ìåñòíûõ ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëåé. È, ìîë, åñëè òàê ïîéäåò è äàëüøå, òî âñå ìû ñêîðî îêàæåìñÿ êðåïîñòíûìè íà ðîäíîé çåìëå… – Âî-ïåðâûõ, ÿ íå ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî èíîñòðàííûå êîìïàíèè, ðàáîòàþùèå çäåñü, èìåþò êàêèå-òî ïðåèìóùåñòâà ïî ñðàâíåíèþ c îñòàëüíûìè ó÷àñòíèêàìè ðûíêà. Áîëåå òîãî, ìåñòíûå èãðîêè íàõîäÿòñÿ â ëó÷øåé ñèòóàöèè, ïîòîìó ÷òî îíè äîñêîíàëüíî çíàþò ìåõàíèçìû ðàáîòû óêðàèíñêîãî áèçíåñà. Çäåñü ïðîùå ðîññèÿíàì, ÷åì àìåðèêàíöàì, áðèòàíöàì è ôðàíöóçàì âìåñòå âçÿòûì. ß óæå íå ãîâîðþ î ïðåäñòàâèòåëÿõ ìåñòíîãî áèçíåñà. Âåäü ðîññèÿíå îáñòîÿòåëüíî çíàþò ìåñòíûé ìåíòàëèòåò. Óâû,

â Óêðàèíå âñå ïðèíèìàåò ãèïåðòðîôèðîâàííûå ôîðìû. Òîò æå àìåðèêàíåö íå ïîíèìàåò, êàê ìîæíî ðàáîòàòü â òàêîé ñòðàíå? Äà, è åùå îäíà íàøà ïðîáëåìà – áîÿçíü èíîñòðàíöåâ, êîòîðûå ìîãóò âñå ñêóïèòü, à íàì «áåäíûì» ïðèäåòñÿ ãîðáàòèòüñÿ íà ýòèõ «áóðæóåâ». Íî ïîñìîòðèòå íà îïûò äðóãèõ ñòðàí: íà òî, êàê òàì çàçûâàþò èíîñòðàíöåâ. Ïîâòîðþñü, âåäü ïðèõîä èíâåñòîðîâ – ýòî íå òîëüêî âëèâàíèå êàïèòàëà... Ê ïðèìåðó, åñëè â Ìåêñèêó ïðèåçæàåò ñåðüåçíûé èíâåñòîð, òî âñòðå÷àòü åãî áóäóò íà óðîâíå ïðåìüåð-ìèíèñòðà. Òî åñòü â ñòðàíå ïîíèìàþò, ÷òî èíâåñòèðîâàíèå – íîâûå âîçìîæíîñòè äëÿ ñòðàíû. Â Óêðàèíå ïîêà íåïðàâèëüíîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå îáî âñåì ýòîì. Â ãîëîâàõ ìíîãèõ âñå åùå ñóùåñòâóåò òàêàÿ êàðòèíêà: ñòîèò êó÷à èíîñòðàíöåâ ó ãðàíèöû ñòðàíû c äåíåæíûìè ìåøêàìè. Íî ýòî íå òàê. È Óêðàèíà â ýòîé ñâÿçè – óíèêóì: çäåñü íåò áîðüáû çà èíâåñòîðîâ! À âåäü íèêòî è íå ïðîñèò îñîáîãî îòíîøåíèÿ è ïðèâèëåãèé. Èãðîêè ðûíêà äîëæíû êîíêóðèðîâàòü, èìåÿ ðàâíûå óñëîâèÿ. Íî èíâåñòîðà âñå ðàâíî íàäî ïðèâëåêàòü. – Îëåã Ëåîíèäîâè÷, à êàêîâî Âàøå îòíîøåíèå ê òîìó, ÷òî Íàöáàíê Óêðàèíû ïðèíÿë ðåøåíèå çàïðåòèòü âàëþòíîå êðåäèòîâàíèå? Êàêîâû ïîñëåäñòâèÿ ýòîãî ðåøåíèÿ äëÿ ýêîíîìèêè ñòðàíû? – Ñóùåñòâîâàëè áîëüøèå ìèíóñû â ýêîíîìèêàõ íå òîëüêî Óêðàèíû, íî è äðóãèõ ñòðàí, ñâÿçàííûå c òåì, ÷òî öåíòðîáàíêè îñóùåñòâëÿëè íåäîñòàòî÷íûé êîíòðîëü çà êðåäèòîâàíèåì, êîòîðîå ïðîâîäèëè êîììåð÷åñêèå áàíêè. Íî åñëè â Øòàòàõ è â Åâðîïå êðåäèòîâàíèå ïðîèçâîäèëîñü â ñîáñòâåííîé âàëþòå, òî â Óêðàèíå – â òîì ÷èñëå, è â èíîñòðàííîé. Ïðîáëåìà äâóñòîðîííÿÿ. ×åëîâåê, êîòîðûé áðàë êðåäèò â äîëëàðàõ, äîëæåí áûë ïîíèìàòü, ÷òî è çàðïëàòà åãî òîãäà òîæå äîëæíà áûòü â äîëëàðàõ, ÷òîáû íå áûëî ïåðåêîñà. ß ïîíèìàþ, ÷òî îáû÷íûé ïîòðåáèòåëü ìîã è íå îáðàùàòü íà ýòî äîëæíîãî âíèìàíèÿ, íî Íàöáàíê êàê

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ãëàâíûé ðåãóëÿòîð îáÿçàí áûë ñòðîãî çà ýòèì ñëåäèòü. Óêðàèíà â ýòîì âîïðîñå íå óíèêàëüíà. Ïîëüøà, íàïðèìåð, áîëåå òðåòè èïîòå÷íûõ êðåäèòîâ ðàçäàëà â øâåéöàðñêèõ ôðàíêàõ. ß îæèäàþ, ÷òî òåïåðü âî âñåõ ñòðàíàõ ìû áóäåì íàáëþäàòü óâåëè÷åíèå ñòåïåíè ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ ñî ñòîðîíû öåíòðîáàíêîâ. È ýòî – ðàçóìíàÿ ìåðà… Êðåäèòîâàíèå äîëæíî ïðîõîäèòü â òîé âàëþòå, â êîòîðîé ïðèõîäèò äîõîä. Äðóãîé âîïðîñ – èìïîðòåðû. Íî äëÿ íèõ äîëæíî áûòü ñâîå ðåãóëèðîâàíèå. – Íå ìîãó íå ïîèíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ è Âàøèìè ïðîãíîçàìè îòíîñèòåëüíî êóðñà ãðèâíè? – Íåñòàáèëüíîñòü, êîòîðàÿ ñóùåñòâóåò íà âàëþòíîì ðûíêå, ïîðîæäàåò ìàññó ñëóõîâ è äîìûñëîâ. Íàçûâàþò ñàìûå íåâåðîÿòíûå êóðñû, âîçìîæíûå äëÿ ãðèâíè: îò ïÿòè äî 25, 50 è 100 ãðèâåíü çà äîëëàð. Íà íàø âçãëÿä, îñíîâíûì çàëîãîì ñòàáèëüíîñòè êóðñà ãðèâíè ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîãðàììà Ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî âàëþòíîãî ôîíäà (ÌÂÔ). Â ìèðå ÌÂÔ âîñïðèíèìàåòñÿ êàê èíñòèòóöèÿ, êîòîðàÿ ðàáîòàåò ëèøü â òîé ñòðàíå, ãäå ìàêðîýêîíîìèêà íàõîäèòñÿ ïîä êîíòðîëåì. Óêðàèíà èìååò áîëåå 100 ìèëëèàðäîâ äîëëàðîâ äîëãîâ. Ýòè ñðåäñòâà ðàñïðåäåëåíû ìåæäó ãîñóäàðñòâîì (â ìåíüøåé ñòåïåíè) è â áîëüøåé ñòåïåíè ìåæäó áàíêàìè è êîðïîðàòèâíûì ñåêòîðîì. Èìåííî äîëãè ïîñëåäíèõ âûçûâàþò íàèáîëüøåå îïàñåíèå. Âàæíî ïðîâåñòè ðåñòðóêòóðèçàöèþ äîëãîâ. È óæå ïîðÿäêà 70% ðåñòðóêòóðèçèðîâàíî. Ïîäîáíîå áûëî áû íåâîçìîæíûì áåç ïðîãðàììû ÌÂÔ, êîòîðàÿ òàêæå îáåñïå÷èâàåò ïåðåêðåäèòàöèþ è ïðîëîíãàöèè êðåäèòîâ. Áåç ýòîãî ãðèâíþ îæèäàëà áû î÷åíü ñåðüåçíàÿ äåâàëüâàöèÿ. 2009 ãîä ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ ãîäîì êîëåáàíèÿ âàëþòíîãî êóðñà. Îäíàêî ÿ íå âèæó ñåðüåçíûõ ïðè÷èí, ÷òîáû îíè âûõîäèëè çà òîò ëèìèò êîëåáàíèé, êîòîðûé ìû âèäåëè äî ñèõ ïîð. Ïîìèìî ïåðâîãî ïîçèòèâíîãî ìîìåíòà (ïðîëîíãàöèè äîëãîâ), Óêðàèíà ðåçêî ñîêðàòèëà èìïîðò. Åñëè åùå ãîä íàçàä ìû ãîâîðèëè o âîçìîæíîì äåôèöèòå ñ÷åòà òåêóùèõ îïåðàöèé ïîðÿäêà 25 ìèëëèàðäîâ äîëëàðîâ, òî, õîòèì ìû òîãî èëè íåò, íî äåâàëüâàöèÿ ãðèâíè ñäåëàëà ïîçèòèâíîå äåëî: èìïîðò ðåçêî óìåíüøèëñÿ. Â ðåçóëüòàòå òåïåðü çà 6 ìåñÿöåâ 2009 ãîäà ìû èìååì äåôèöèò ñ÷åòà òåêóùèõ îïåðàöèé, êîòîðûé â 10 ðàç ìåíüøå ïî ñðàâíåíèþ c àíàëîãè÷íûì ïåðèîäîì ïðîøëîãî ãîäà. – Â íûíåøíåì ôèíàíñîâîì êðèçèñå ìíîãèå âèíÿò èìåííî ðûíî÷íóþ ýêîíîìèêó. Êàêîâà åå äàëüíåéøàÿ ñóäüáà? – Äóìàþ, ìû áóäåì íàáëþäàòü äâå îñíîâíûå òåíäåíöèè: ñ îäíîé ñòîðîíû, â äåñÿòêè ðàç óâåëè÷èòñÿ ñòåïåíü ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ íà ôèíàíñîâûõ ðûíêàõ; ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, â ðåàëüíîì ñåêòîðå ýêîíîìèêè àäìèíèñòðàòèâíûå áàðüåðû áóäóò ñíèæàòüñÿ. Òàê ÷òî «õîðîíèòü» ðûíî÷íóþ ýêîíîìèêó ïðåæäåâðåìåííî.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

The crisis. Not only a catastrophe, but also an opportunity… The world financial crisis still worries us. Such eternal questions as «who is guilty?» and «what to do?» emerge. Concerning «who is guilty?» all is more or less understandable, the question «what to do?» stays open. We’ve consulted Oleg Ustenko about ways of overcoming the economic crisis. – Oleg Leonidovich, in one of your interviews you have said the crisis in Ukraine could be overcome already this year. By 2010, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will increase by 3 per cent. It is a more than optimistic forecast (in comparison with other analysts who say the world financial crisis will only deepen). What is your confidence based on? – What about the economical situation in Ukraine for 2009? Our negative forecast concerning GDP stays the same: the fall will be about 15 per cent. Really, for 2010 the forecast is more optimistic: a 3 per cent growth is expected. One of the main reasons for such growth is that some positive changes are expected on the world market. First of all, if we look at the USA market, the economy of which was falling from the second quarter of 2008 till the second quarter of 2009, the third quarter of the current year will show a fall equal to zero (or even a slight growth), and the fourth, as it is now expected, will be already positive with the following growth in 2010. The positive changes are expected in the economies of European countries. France and Germany already show a GDP growth rate of 0,9%. But at the same time, there are some negative points. 16 European countries are still showing a fall of approximately 1%. Talking about Asian players, their economies still continue to grow. Concerning the fact that the Ukrainian economy is export-oriented, we expect the economic growth to affect international trade in a positive way and, therefore, the situation in our country that will allow us to improve it. However, when we talk about the GDP growth rate of 3% for 2010, we shouldn’t consider such a forecast too optimistic. As before, the country’s economy has fallen by

approximately 15%. Moreover, our expectations for 2011 are within the limits of the GDP growth rate of 1-5%. – In your opinion, what is the main problem of Ukraine? – First of all, factors that were stimulating the economic growth have exhausted their potential. Export was one of the main factors. It is unlikely that prices on our export production will rise as they did before. It is unlikely that gas will become cheaper and chemical production will start to recover, as we would like it to. It is unlikely that export of domestic machine-building production will broaden its application versus now (50% goes to Russia and the lion's share – for CIS countries). The second source that is also losing its importance is domestic consumption. It won’t grow at the same rates, as it did during 2006-2008, when credit was extended by approximately 70% in a year because Ukrainian banks could entice cheap resources from abroad. Such a situation won’t be repeated in the future. Firstly, everybody is too frightened because of the crisis. Secondly, Ukraine doesn’t belong to the group of developed countries that can permit themselves to increase credits in such a way. Something new is needed, otherwise, we are doomed to the minimal GDP growth within the limits of 1-5%. It is not enough for a country that is going to make a breakthrough in future. – Naturally, a question appears: what should we do now? – Ukraine has several big advantages, which could be used. The big prospects of the agricultural complex’s development and the development of new technologies are among them…One of the important factors is an educated labor force. If you look at the

VISITING Oleg USTENKO – the executive director of The Bleyzer Foundation. Financial-economic research and projects, held by him, are focused on countries with a developing and transitional economy. Oleg Leonidovich has taken an active part in different projects, held by the World Bank, the Organization of Economic Partnership and Development, the CIS countries’ governments and leading universities, including Harvard, Duke and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Ustenko has a master’s degree at Harvard University and is a Ph.D. in Economics at Kiev National Economic University.

coefficient of students, you will see that it is 55 per cent. It is more than in France, Poland and many other countries. But Ukraine still can’t properly use its advantages. Why? Problems arise because of an investment climate of low quality. Investments are not only an inflow of money into the country (although it is important). It is also a transfer of technologies, knowledge and experience. It is an opportunity to win an international market. Therefore, the main opportunity for Ukraine to overcome the crisis and to make a breakthrough in its development is to improve the investment climate and to entice investors and all hereto related. – What prevents our economy from moving in the right direction? – In opinion of the majority of investors, the main thing that doesn’t suit them in Ukraine isn’t the unstable macro economical situation that is so frequently spoken about. First of all, it is corruption that prevents business from developing. Secondly, it is judicial system of low quality. As for any developed country, it is impossible, that one court accepts a decision, and another court accepts a diametrically different decision ad sectam of the same kind. The judiciary reform has been imminent for a long time. The quality of state administration is not simply bad, it is unacceptable according to the minimal evaluation criteria. Therefore, the reform of state administration is another important task for the country. And what about fighting corruption, political will is needed everywhere. Look at the experience of Bulgaria – a country that was breathless with corruption during the post-Soviet period... What have they done there? They have enticed some private British companies that started to run the Bulgarian customs house. The results are astonishing: already in a year corruption was extirpated. The receipts from the customs house increased many times. Yes, there is corruption in the country in gen-

eral, but the customs house is already free from it. After all, even little changes can have multiplying effect and, as a result, affect the economic recovery in general, the country’s image and the investment climate. To be fair, it should be noted that one important positive change in the investment climate’s improvement has already been planned. I mean the negotiations about signing an agreement about a free trade zone with the European Union. As for Ukraine, it means a so-called deep agreement: i.e. it’s not only a usual economic unit, signed by many other countries, but also a necessity for institutional changes. They are as important as economic changes, since the country is almost strangled because of a state administration of poor quality. So reforms are needed, and only when they are done, it will be possible to achieve a «Ukrainian breakthrough», a «new East European tiger», «socialoriented state» etc. – You talk about the necessity of enticing investors, but, personally, I’ve often heard from the representatives of small and medium business that in Ukraine the only task the government is worried about is to entice investors. And all this instead of supporting local entrepreneurs. And they say that if it goes on in such a way, we will soon become serfs on our native land…. – First of all, I don’t think that foreign companies that work here have some advantages in comparison with other market participants Moreover; local players are in a better position as they know perfectly the operating mechanism of Ukrainian business. It is simpler for Russian than American, British and French people altogether. I don’t even mention the representatives of local business. As Russian people know in detail the local mentality. Sadly, in Ukraine everything takes a hypertrophied form. For example, an American can’t understand how it can be possible to work in such country. Another problem we face is the fear of foreigners, who can buy everything and poor «we» will have to work for these «bourgeoises». But look at other countries’ experiences: how they tout foreigners. The investors’ coming – is not only the infusion of capital…For example, if a serious investor arrives in Mexico, he will be met at the level of prime minister. It shows that people understand that investing is a new facility for the country... In Ukraine, we have the wrong idea about it. Many people instantly imagine a lot of foreigners at the border with sacks of money. But it’s wrong. In this sense, Ukraine is unique: there is no fight for the investors! Nobody is asking for a special treatment and privileges. The players should compete, having equal conditions. Nevertheless, we should entice investors. – Oleg Leonidovich, what is your attitude towards the fact that the National Bank of Ukraine has decided to forbid currency crediting? What are the consequences of such a decision for our country’s economy?

– There were drawbacks not only in the economy of Ukraine, but also in other countries, because the Central Banks were not controlling enough crediting, held by commercial banks. If in the States and Europe, crediting was done in their own currency, in Ukraine it was done also in foreign currency. The problem is two-sided. The person, who took credit in dollars, should have understood that wages also should be in dollars to avoid the difference between currency rates. I understand that a common client could fail to pay enough attention, but the National Bank, as main regulator, was bound to control it strictly. Ukraine isn’t unique in this question. For example, in Poland more than one third of mortgages were made in Swiss francs. I expect that now in all countries we will observe an increased level of regulation from the Central Banks’ side. And it’s a reasonable measure... crediting should be made in a currency that brings a profit. Importers are another question. There should be seperate regulation for them. – I can’t but wonder about your forecasts concerning the hryvnia’s exchange rate(?) – The instability, that exists on the exchange market, generates numerous rumors and fantasies. The most incredible exchange rates, possible for hrivnia, are mentioned: from five to 25,50 and 100 hrivnias for a dollar. In our opinion, the main pledge for stability of hryvnia’s exchange rate is the program of International Monetary Fund (IMF). Throughout the world, IMF is thought to be an institution that works only in that country, where macroeconomics is under control. Ukraine has more than 100 billions dollars in debt. These means are divided between the state (in a less degree) and in a greater degree between banks and corporate sector. Namely, the debts of the latter cause the biggest concern. It is important to carry out debt restructuring. About 70% have already been restructured. It would be impossible without the IMF’s program that also provides consolidation of debts and extension of credit. Without it, the hrivnia would experience a serious devaluation. 2009 remains a year of fluctuation in exchange. However, I don’t see serious matters for exceeding a limit of fluctuation that we have observed before. Besides the first positive moment (a debt’s prolongation), Ukraine has abruptly decreased its import. If a year before we talked about a possible current account deficit for about 25 billions dollars, we should admit that the hrivnia’s devaluation had its positive effect: import was abruptly decreased. As a result, now after 6 months of 2009 we have an account deficit that is ten times less in comparison with the same period of last year. – Many people blame the market-driven economy for the current crisis. What is its further destiny? – I guess we will observe two main tendencies: on the one hand, the degree of state control will increase ten times on financial markets. On the other hand, in the real sector of the economy administrative barriers will decrease. So it is too early to «bury» the market-driven economy.

ÀÍÀË²ÒÈÊÀ ANALYTICS

Майкл Портер усе життя присвятив дослідженню конкурентоспроможності компаній та країн. За допомогою його теорії можна спробувати знайти конкурентні переваги в будь-якій країні.

Аналіз конкурентоспроможності України відповідно до принципів Майкла Портера

Ñ Д-р Ш. ДІНДАР, редактор англійської версії журналу «Image.UA»

Вадим ЗУКІН, cпеціаліст управління розробки і підтримки продуктів Platinum Bank

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

ó÷àñíèé ñâ³ò ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ç ïîíàä 200 êðà¿í. Àëå òàê ñêëàëîñÿ, ùî ðåñóðñè, ÿê³ ä³ñòàëèñÿ ð³çíèì êðà¿íàì, ïîä³ëåíî íåð³âíîì³ðíî. Â îäíèõ º âåëè÷åçí³ çàïàñè íàôòè é ãàçó, â ³íøèõ íåìà. ×è öå îçíà÷àº, ùî á³äí³ êðà¿íè ïðèðå÷åí³ áóòè á³äíèìè? Åêîíîì³÷íà íàóêà êàæå – Í². Àìåðèêàíñüêèé íàóêîâåöü Ìàéêë Ïîðòåð ââàæàº, ùî êîíêóðåíòí³ ïåðåâàãè ìîæíà çíàéòè çàâæäè. Íåâò³øíà ñòàòèñòèêà: çà ï³äðàõóíêàìè Ì³æíàðîäíîãî åêîíîì³÷íîìó ôîðóìó, â ðåéòèíãó êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³ Óêðà¿íà ïîñ³äàº 72 ì³ñöå ç³ 134 êðà¿í. Ïîïðè âñ³ íà÷åáòî ñïðèÿòëèâ³ äëÿ ðîçâèòêó ïðèðîäí³ óìîâè, ÿêèìè íàä³ëåí³ ïåâí³ äåðæàâè, çîêðåìà é Óêðà¿íà, öå ùå íå º ãàðàíò³ºþ áàãàòñòâà êðà¿íè. «Íàö³îíàëüíå ïðîöâ³òàííÿ íå ïåðåäàºòüñÿ ó ñïàäîê – âîíî ñòâîðþºòüñÿ.» Ï³äâèùåííÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³³ Ï³ äåðæàâè çâîäèòüñÿ äî ï³äâèùåííÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâ, ÿê³ áàçóþòüñÿ â ö³é äåðæàâ³. Ïîðòåð ïðîïîíóº âèì³ðþâàòè êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü çà äîïîìîãîþ ïîêàçíèêà ïðîäóêòèâíîñò³. Â³í äîâîäèòü, ùî äåðæàâà íå ìîæå áóòè óñï³øíîþ ó âñ³õ ñåêòîðàõ åêîíîì³êè. Íàâ³òü ó ßïîí³¿ º âåëèê³ ñåãìåíòè åêîíîì³êè, ÿê³ çàëèøàþòüñÿ ïîçàäó ñèëüíèõ ñâ³òîâèõ êîíêóðåíò³â. Äëÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³ êðà¿íè íåîáõ³äíå ³ñíóâàííÿ ÿê ì³í³ìóì îäíîãî ðîçâèíóòîãî êëàñòåðà. «Êëàñòåð

– öå ãðóïà âçàºìîïîâ’ÿçàíèõ êîìïàí³é ³ ïîâ’ÿçàíèõ ç íèìè îðãàí³çàö³é, ÿê³ ðîçòàøîâàí³ ãåîãðàô³÷íî áëèçüêî, ä³þòü ó ïåâí³é ñôåð³ ³ õàðàêòåðèçóþòüñÿ ñï³ëüí³ñòþ ä³ÿëüíîñò³.» «Äëÿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ åêîíîì³êè êëàñòåð âèñòóïàº â ðîë³ «îñåðåäêó çðîñòàííÿ» ³ ñòàðòîâî¿ áàçè äëÿ çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ åêñïàíñ³¿.» Îòæå, ùî ìîæå çàïðîïîíóâàòè ñâ³òîâ³ Óêðà¿íà? Ïðèðîäí³ ðåñóðñè ³ ëþäñüêèé êàï³òàë. Ìîæëèâî, ùå ìîæíà ÿêîñü âèêîðèñòàòè çàëèøêè ìîãóòíüî¿ ðàäÿíñüêî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³. Íà äóìêó ôàõ³âö³â, âðàõîâóþ÷è êîíêóðåíòí³ ïåðåâàãè Óêðà¿íè, íàðàç³ âèã³äíî ñêîíöåíòðóâàòèñÿ â 3 îñíîâíèõ êëàñòåðàõ. Ïðîïîíóºìî SWOT-àíàë³ç êîæíîãî ç 3 êëàñòåð³â: êëàñòåðà ç âèðîáíèöòâà õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â, êëàñòåðà ç âèðîáíèöòâà ïðîäóêò³â «software» (ïðîãðàìíå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ) ³ «brainware» (àëãîðèòì³÷í³ çàñîáè), à òàêîæ òóðèñòè÷íîãî êëàñòåðà. Äî êëàñòåðà ç âèðîáíèöòâà õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â (òàáëèöÿ 1) â³äíåñåíî ñ³ëüñüêå ãîñïîäàðñòâî, âèðîáíèöòâî õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â, ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêî¿ òåõí³êè ³ òåõí³êè ç âèðîáíèöòâà òà ïàêóâàííÿ õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â. Êëàñòåð ç âèðîáíèöòâà «software» ³ «brainware» (òàáëèöÿ 2) ïåðåäáà÷àº ñòâîðåííÿ êîìï’þòåðíèõ ïðîãðàì äëÿ âñ³õ ñôåð æèòòÿ ëþäåé ³ ãåíåðóâàííÿ íîâèõ ³äåé. Òóðèñòè÷íèé êëàñòåð (òàáëèöÿ 3) – óçàãàëüíåíèé êëàñòåð óñ³õ íàïðÿì³â òóðèçìó.

ÒÀÁËÈÖß 1

SWOT-ÀÍÀË²Ç ÊËÀÑÒÅÐÀ Ç ÂÈÐÎÁÍÈÖÒÂÀ ÕÀÐ×ÎÂÈÕ ÏÐÎÄÓÊÒ²Â ÏÅÐÅÂÀÃÈ

ÍÅÄÎË²ÊÈ

Ïëîùà çåìåëü, ïðèäàòíèõ äëÿ ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà, - 428 òèñ. êì2, ç íèõ ÷îðíîçåì³â – 265 òèñ. êì²

Âåëèêèé ñòðîê ïîâåðíåííÿ ³íâåñòèö³é

Âíóòð³øí³é ïîïèò

²ñíóâàííÿ äð³áíîòîâàðíîãî ñ³ëüñüêîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà

Âåëèêèé ïåðåë³ê ìîæëèâèõ ïðîäóêò³â õàð÷óâàííÿ

Íèçüêèé ð³âåíü àâòîìàòèçàö³¿

Ïîòóæíîñò³ âàæêî¿ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ òà âèðîáíèöòâî ìåòàëó

Íèçüêà êâàë³ô³êàö³ÿ êàäð³â

ÌÎÆËÈÂÎÑÒ²

ÇÀÃÐÎÇÈ

Âèõ³ä íà ì³æíàðîäíèé ðèíîê

Òåõíîãåíí³ êàòàñòðîôè

Çàáåçïå÷åííÿ Óêðà¿íè âëàñíèìè ïðîäóêòàìè õàð÷óâàííÿ

Çì³íà êë³ìàòè÷íèõ óìîâ, çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâ³òðÿ ³ âîäè

Ï³äâèùåííÿ «õàð÷îâî¿ ñâ³äîìîñò³» â ðîçâèíóòèõ êðà¿íàõ. Çá³ëüøåííÿ ïîïèòó íà åêîëîã³÷íî ÷èñò³ ïðîäóêòè

Ïîë³òè÷íà íåñòàá³ëüí³ñòü

Ñòâîðåííÿ ñâ³òîâîãî áðåíäó óêðà¿íñüêî¿ êóõí³ (ÿê ³ñíóº áðåíä ìåêñèêàíñüêî¿, ³íä³éñüêî¿ êóõí³ òîùî) ÒÀÁËÈÖß 2

SWOT-ÀÍÀË²Ç ÊËÀÑÒÅÐÀ Ç ÂÈÐÎÁÍÈÖÒÂÀ ÏÐÎÄÓÊÒ²Â «SOFTWARE» ² «BRAINWARE» ÏÅÐÅÂÀÃÈ

ÍÅÄÎË²ÊÈ

Íåìàº íåîáõ³äíîñò³ ó âåëèêèõ ³íâåñòèö³ÿõ

Â³äñóòí³ñòü òðàäèö³é ç³ ñòâîðåííÿ ïîä³áíèõ ïðîäóêò³â

Óêðà¿íñüê³ ñïåö³àë³ñòè ìàþòü äîñâ³ä ðîáîòè â öüîìó íàïðÿì³ – ñï³âïðàöÿ ç ³íîçåìíèìè êîìïàí³ÿìè

Íåçàäîâ³ëüíèé ð³âåíü çíàííÿ àíãë³éñüêî¿ ìîâè ó á³ëüøîñò³ íàñåëåííÿ

Óêðà¿íö³ – òâîð÷à íàö³ÿ ÌÎÆËÈÂÎÑÒ²

ÇÀÃÐÎÇÈ

²ìïóëüñ äî ðîçâèòêó ³íøèõ ãàëóçåé ãîñïîäàðñòâà

Âòå÷à ñïåö³àë³ñò³â çà êîðäîí

Âèõ³ä íà ì³æíàðîäíèé ðèíîê

Ìîíîïîë³çàö³ÿ ðèíêó âåëèêèìè êîðïîðàö³ÿìè

ÒÀÁËÈÖß 3

SWOT-ÀÍÀË²Ç ÒÓÐÈÑÒÈ×ÍÎÃÎ ÊËÀÑÒÅÐÀ ÏÅÐÅÂÀÃÈ

ÍÅÄÎË²ÊÈ

Óìîâè äëÿ ðîçâèòêó áàãàòüîõ íàïðÿì³â òóðèçìó, âðàõîâóþ÷è ìîðñüêèé, ã³ðñüêèé, îçäîðîâ÷èé, ìåäè÷íèé, êîíôåðåíö-òóðèçì, åêñòðèì-òóðèçì òà ³í.

Íåðîçâèíóòà ³íôðàñòðóêòóðà

Âåëèêà íåçàñåëåíà òåðèòîð³ÿ

Õàáàðíèöòâî ÷èíîâíèê³â

Áëèçüê³ñòü äî ïîòåíö³éíèõ òóðèñò³â

Âèñîê³ ïîäàòêè

Ïîÿâà ñåðåäíüîãî êëàñó («âíóòð³øí³é ïîïèò» çà Ïîðòåðîì)

Íåãàòèâíèé ³ì³äæ êðà¿íè

ÌÎÆËÈÂÎÑÒ²

ÇÀÃÐÎÇÈ

Ðîçâèòîê íîâîãî, ïîïóëÿðíîãî ó ñâ³ò³ òóðèñòè÷íîãî íàïðÿìó

Êë³ìàòè÷í³ çì³íè

Ðîçâèòîê êîíôåðåíö-òóðèçìó

Ïîë³òè÷íà íåñòàá³ëüí³ñòü

Ïîçèòèâíèé ³ì³äæ êðà¿íè

Ñòðóêòóðà åêîíîì³êè Óêðà¿íè, ÿêó ìè ìàºìî çàðàç, ñôîðìóâàëàñü ùå çà ÷àñ³â Ðàäÿíñüêîãî Ñîþçó. Âåëèêà ÷àñòèíà ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ ñïðÿìîâàíà íà âèðîáíèöòâî ìåòàëó, õ³ì³÷íó ïðîìèñëîâ³ñòü òîùî. Ëóíàþòü ïðîïîçèö³¿ ùîäî çàëó÷åííÿ ³íâåñòèö³é ó âæå íàÿâí³ ãàëóç³. Ïðîòå íå çðîçóì³ëî, ÿêèì ÷èíîì Óêðà¿íà çìîæå êîíêóðóâàòè ç äåøåâèì òà ÿê³ñíèì êèòàéñüêèì ìåòàëîì òà ³íøîþ ïðîäóêö³ºþ ³ç çàíèæåíèìè ö³íàìè. Öÿ ö³íà – íàäì³ðíå âèêîðèñòàííÿ äåøåâî¿ ðîáî÷î¿ ñèëè ³ çàáðóäíåííÿ åêîëîã³¿. Óêðà¿íö³ í³êîëè íå ïîãîäÿòüñÿ ðîçâèâàòè åêîíîì³êó çà òàêó âèñîêó ö³íó. Ñòðóêòóðíà ïåðåáóäîâà åêîíîì³êè ðîáèòüñÿ íå çà îäèí äåíü. Ó äåðæàâè äëÿ ñòðóêòóðíî¿ ïåðåáóäîâè º âñ³ âàæåë³ âïëèâó: ïîäàòêîâ³ ï³ëüãè äëÿ ïð³îðèòåòíèõ ãàëóçåé, âèä³ëåííÿ çåìåëüíèõ ä³ëÿíîê äëÿ íèõ, ñòèìóëþâàííÿ êîíêóðåíö³¿ íà âíóòð³øíüîìó ðèíêó â ïð³îðèòåòíèõ ãàëóçÿõ, çàêîíîäàâ÷å ðåãóëþâàííÿ, äîïîìîãà â ïðîñóâàíí³ óêðà¿íñüêîãî ïðîäóêòó çà êîðäîí, ñòâîðåííÿ ïîçèòèâíîãî ³ì³äæó Óêðà¿íè â ñâ³ò³, ñòâîðåííÿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ ³äå¿, ðåñòðóêòóðèçàö³ÿ ñèñòåìè îñâ³òè òîùî. Âñ³ ðèçèêè âåäåííÿ á³çíåñó â Óêðà¿í³ êîìïåíñóþòüñÿ ìîæëèâèì âèãðàøåì: ïðèáóòêîâ³ñòü óêðà¿íñüêîãî á³çíåñó º íå÷óâàíîþ äëÿ ªâðîïè ³ ÑØÀ. Êð³ì òîãî, ïðèñóòí³ñòü êîìïàí³¿ íà óêðà¿íñüêîìó ðèíêó ó ðàç³ ñòð³ìêîãî åêîíîì³÷íîãî ðîçâèòêó êðà¿íè ãàðàíòóº íàäïðèáóòêè.

ÀÍÀË²ÒÈÊÀÍ²ÌÅ××ÈÍÀ ANALYTICS UKRAINE – GERMANY ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ–

Michael Porter devoted all his life to studying competitiveness of companies and countries. His theory can be applied to analyzing competitiveness in every country.

Analysis of Ukraine’s competitiveness according to the principles of Michael Porter DR. S. DINDAR, editor of English version of «IMAGE.UA» magazine Vadym ZUKIN, specialist management development and product support Platinum Bank

he modern world is divided unequally into nearly 200 countries, each with different geographical, climatic, and demographic conditions, and a separate history. Some countries have huge resources of oil and gas and some do not. Does it mean that poor countries are going to stay poor forever? Economics says – NO. American scientist Michele Porter thinks that competitive advantages can always be found. According to the International Economic Forum, Ukraine ranks 72nd in competitiveness out of 134 countries, which is frightening. Despite some states being endowed with favorable natural conditions for development, including Ukraine, that's not a guarantee that the country will be wealthy. «National prosperity is not inherited - it is created.» The State can only become competitive if its national industries are. Porter proposes to measure competitiveness using the indicator of productivity.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

He also says that the country cannot be successful in all fields of economics. Even Japan has big fields that are situated behind some of the world’s competitors. For the competitiveness of country at least one successful cluster is needed. «Cluster – a group of interconnected companies and associated organizations in a certain local area that has common activities.» For a national economy, cluster groups act as «cell (organ) growth», and a base for foreign expansion. So, what can Ukraine offer to the world? Nature and human resources. There may also there some pieces of the great Soviet industrial power left. Given the competitive advantages of Ukraine it is profitable to focus on 3 major clusters. We offer a SWOT analysis of 3 clusters: food production, software and brainware (algorithmic means), and tourism. Food production (table 1) includes agriculture, agricultural machinery manufacturing, and packaging of food products. The software and brainware cluster (Table 2) involves the creation of computer programs for all areas of life, and can generate new industries. Tourism (Table 3) includes recreational travel, camper tourism, business tourism, and other ancillary activities.

The economy structure of Ukraine was formed during the Soviet Union. Huge part of the industry is metallurgical and chemical industry etc. The offers to attract investments to the already existing industries are not clear, because Ukraine will never be able to compete with cheap and quality Chinese metal and other goods with artificially lowered price. This price of achieving this compability is extreme using of the cheap labor and polluting ecology. Ukrainians will never agree to develop our economy with such a big price. Structural changes require a lot of time. However, for economic restructuring Ukraine has all needed main elements: tax incentives and the allocation of land for priority sectors, stimulating competition in the domestic market, legal reform, promotion of Ukrainian products abroad, restructuring education, creating a positive image of Ukraine in the world, and finally creating a resonant unifying national idea. Business in Ukraine will be rewarded very well and the profit covers all possible risks. The award is such profitability which is unheard in Europe and the USA. As soon as the Ukrainian’s breakthrough, which is undoubted, starts, any company working in the Ukrainian market will be hugely profitable.

FOOD PRODUCTION CLUSTER TABLE 1

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

428,000 km2 are suitable for agriculture; 265,000 km2 are fertile black earth

Long wait for payoff

Internal demand

The existence of small-scale agriculture sector

Large variety of foods

Low level of automation

Heavy industry output and metal manufacturing

Low qualification of workers

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Entering the international ma market

Technical Disasters

Providing food for large Ukrainian market

Climatic changes, pollution of water and air

Increasing «food consciousness» in developed countries Increasing demands for «green products».

Political instability

Creating of world brand of Ukrainian food (as Mexican, Indian etc.)

SOFTWARE AND BRAINWARE CLUSTER TABLE 2

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

Large investments are not needed

Lack of tradition in creating such products

Ukrainians are already widely working in this field

The low level of English proficiency

Ukrainians are creative people OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Cross-Pollination development in other sectors of the economy

Flight of Specialists

Entering the international market

The monopoly of large corporations

TOURISM CLUSTER TABLE 3

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

A lot of kinds of tourism, such as sea tourism, mountain tourism, medical tourism, SPA-tourism, conference-tourism, extreme-tourism, can be developed

Immature infrastructure

Large unpopulated area

Bribes to officials are often needed

Proximity to potential tourists

High taxation

The emergence of the middle class («domestic demand» of Porter)

Negative image of the country

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Developing new popular world tourism destination

Climatic changes can harm some kinds of tourism

Development of conference tourism

Political instability

The positive image of the country

Ä²ÀËÎÃÈ DIALOGUE

Сьогодні рубрика «Діалоги» присвячена 60-літтю від дня народження відомого українського драматурга, письменника, перекладача Ярослава СТЕЛЬМАХА

â ó á ì à ñ í Â³ ì è í êîæ … ì º î ð å ã ñâî¿ì 82

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Графіка Андрія ЧЕБИКІНА

Публіцист, театральний оглядач Людмила Стельмах веде розмову зі старійшиною режисерського цеху Едуардом Митницьким, режисером, письменником, театрознавцем, народним депутатом України Лесем Танюком, журналістом, театральним критиком Сергієм Васильєвим та знаним актором театру і кіно Олексою Вертинським.

Людмила Стельмах

Едуард Митницький

Лесь Танюк

Ñòåëüìàõ: – Êîæíà êðà¿íà ìàº áàãàòî ïðîçà¿ê³â, ïîåò³â, à îò ùîäî äðàìàòóðã³â – òî çàãàë çíàº îáìàëü ³ìåí ç êîæíî¿ êðà¿íè. Áî äðàìàòóðã, òàê áè ìîâèòè, «øòó÷íèé òîâàð», ïèñàòè ï’ºñè – îñîáëèâèé õèñò. Åäóàðäå Ìàðêîâè÷ó, ÿêîñü Âè ñêàçàëè, ùî â ï'ºñàõ ßðîñëàâà Ñòåëüìàõà – îñîáëèâèé äàð ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ. Òîáòî ñàìå äàð ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ º ñóòòºâîþ ñêëàäîâîþ õóäîæíüî¿ îáäàðîâàíîñò³.

êîæíîãî ç³ ñâî¿õ ãåðî¿â, â êîæíîãî ñâîãî ïåðñîíàæà. Â³í ³ ñàì áóâ êîæíèì ñâî¿ì ãåðîºì. Ïèøó÷è, â³í íåìîâ áè äàâàâ ¿ì äèõàííÿ, â ä³àëîãàõ â³í ïðîðàõîâóâàâ íàâ³òü êîæíó ¿õíþ ïàóçó. Ïðîçà¿ê öüîãî íå ìîæå çðîáèòè, ïðîçà¿ê ïðîñòî îïèñóº æèòòÿ, ïîåò âèáóäîâóº ìåòàôîðè. À ñïðàâæí³é äðàìàòóðã îáîâ’ÿçêîâî ïîñàäèòü íàâêîëî ñåáå âñ³õ öèõ ñâî¿õ «øèçîôðåí³÷íèõ», òàê áè ìîâèòè, ãåðî¿â, ³ âîíè ì³æ ñîáîþ ìóñÿòü áèòèñÿ, çìàãàòèñÿ, à â³í, ÿê Áîã, ë³ïèòü ¿õ ç³ ñâîº¿ ãëèíè. Îöå ñïðàâæíº ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ, ïåðåâò³ëåííÿ, ïåðåòâîðåííÿ çà Ëåñåì Êóðáàñîì.

³ çàâ³òàâ äî íèõ. Ìàëèé Ñëàâêî áóâ òàêèé ñåðéîçíèé, íàâ³òü íàáóðìîñåíèé ³, çäàâàëîñÿ, íå äóæå ñïðèéìàâ òå, ùî ãîâîðèâ áàòüêî. À äîâ³äàâøèñü, ùî ÿ ðåæèñåð, çàÿâèâ: «ß í³êîëè íå áóäó ïèñàòè äëÿ òåàòð³â, áî òàì âñå çàêðèâàþòü. Áóäó ïèñàòè íîâåëè». À íà ìîº çàïèòàííÿ ÷è â íüîãî âæå ùîñü º, â³äïîâ³â ñòâåðäæóâàëüíî, ò³ëüêè ïîïðîñèâ íå êàçàòè òàòîâ³.

Ìèòíèöüêèé: – Äëÿ ìåíå îñîáèñòî, ³ íå ò³ëüêè äëÿ ìåíå, âåëèêèì áîëåì ³ âòðàòîþ áóëî òå, ùî ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ òàê ðàïòîâî ³ çàðàíî ï³øîâ ç æèòòÿ. Âè, ïàí³ Ëþäìèëî, ìàáóòü, ÿê í³õòî çíàºòå, ùî íàñ îá’ºäíóâàëè íå ò³ëüêè ñï³ëüí³ ïîãëÿäè íà ìèñòåöòâî, à ùå ìîÿ ãëèáîêà ïîâàãà ³ ëþáîâ äî íüîãî. Ìîÿ ãëèáîêà â³ðà â äóøó ö³º¿ ëþäèíè, â éîãî âíóòð³øí³é ñïîê³é, ÿêèé â³äõèëÿº áóäüÿêó ñóºòó ³ ãîíèòâó çà ñëàâîþ. Éîìó öå áóëî çîâñ³ì íå ïðèòàìàííèì, ³ òå áóëî ïðåêðàñíèì. À ùå â³í áóâ õî÷ ³ ìîëîäîþ, àëå âèíÿòêîâî ìóäðîþ ëþäèíîþ. À ùîäî äàðó ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ… Ïàì’ÿòàºòå éîãî ï’ºñó «Ïðîâ³íö³àëêè», â ÿê³é çà ñò³ëüêè ðîê³â äî òåïåð³øí³õ «îë³ãàðõ³÷íèõ» ÷àñ³â â³í ðîçïîâ³â, ùî íà íàñ ÷åêàº. Öå, ìàáóòü, îñíîâíà îçíàêà êëàñèê³â: çàçâè÷àé, âîíè çà áàãàòî ðîê³â â³ä÷óâàëè, ùî íà íàñ íàñóâàºòüñÿ... ² îòå éîãî ïðîðîêóâàííÿ, íà ïðåâåëèêèé æàëü, çáóëîñÿ, ñïðàâäèëîñÿ. Â «Ïðîâ³íö³àëêàõ» ³ ïðîÿâèâñÿ éîãî äàð ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ, ùî ³ º íåâ³ä'ºìíîþ ðèñîþ õóäîæíüîãî îáäàðóâàííÿ äðàìàòóðãà ßðîñëàâà Ñòåëüìàõà. Òàíþê: – Ñòåëüìàõ, íà ìîþ äóìêó, ÿêðàç áóâ òèì ÷îëîâ³êîì, ùî áóêâàëüíî ïåðåâò³ëþâàâñÿ â

Ìèòíèöüêèé: – ß ââàæàþ, ùî ßðîñëàâ áóâ ïèñüìåííèêîì â ïîâíîìó ðîçóì³íí³ öüîãî ñëîâà. Íå ìîæíà îáìåæóâàòè éîãî îáäàðóâàííÿ ò³ëüêè îäíèì çíà÷íèì ñêëàäíèì íàïðÿìêîì â ë³òåðàòóð³ – äðàìàòóðã³ºþ. Ìåí³, íàïðèêëàä, ïðèêðî, ùî â³í íå âñòèã, íå íàïèñàâ æîäíîãî ðîìàíó, ïîçàÿê ÿ ïåðåêîíàíèé, ùî ç êîæíîãî éîãî ðîìàíó ìîãëà áè âèéòè ïðåêðàñíà ï’ºñà. Ñòåëüìàõ: – Ôåíîìåí äðàìàòóðã³¿ ßðîñëàâà Ñòåëüìàõà ìàº ïðèíàéìí³ äåê³ëüêà ñêëàäîâèõ: ïîïåðøå, ÷è íå âèêëèêàº ïîäèâ, ÿê àâòîð â ò³ ìèíóë³, ï³äöåíçóðí³ ÷àñè ïðèìóäðèâñÿ íå íàïèñàòè æîäíî¿ «ïðîñëàâëÿþ÷î¿» òîãî÷àñíèé ëàä ï’ºñè? Òàíþê: – Â³í âçàãàë³ áóâ ëþäèíîþ íå äëÿ ïåðåäîâî¿ ñòàòò³. ßðîñëàâ öüîãî íå ëþáèâ, íå ñïðèéìàâ, ³ ÿ áè ñêàçàâ, ùî â³í äóæå êðèòè÷íî äèâèâñÿ íà ñâ³ò. Âïåðøå ÿ éîãî ïîáà÷èâ äåñÿòèð³÷íèì õëîï÷èêîì. Ñòàâèâ ÿ òîä³ â Îäåñ³ «Ïðàâäó ³ êðèâäó» çà ðîìàíîì Ìèõàéëà Ñòåëüìàõà, òîìó

Ñòåëüìàõ: – Ùîäî äðóãî¿ ñêëàäîâî¿ äðàìàòóðã³¿ Ñòåëüìàõà: ÿê Âè äóìàºòå, ÷è áóëè âêàç³âêè «çãîðè» ðåæèñåðàì (ÿê òî âîíî ðàí³øå â³äáóâàëîñÿ), ÷è âîíè ñàì³ îõî÷å îáèðàëè ñàìå éîãî òâîðè äî ïîñòàíîâêè? Åäóàðäå Ìàðêîâè÷ó, Âè ïàì’ÿòàºòå ïåðåãëÿä Âàøî¿ ïîñòàíîâêè «Äðàìà â ó÷èòåëüñüê³é» ó Òåàòð³ ðîñ³éñüêî¿ äðàìè. À ïîòîìó â³äáóëîñÿ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Çãàäàéòå, ÿê òî âîíî òàì áóëî. Ìèòíèöüêèé: – Âèéøëà íà ñöåíó äèðåêòîðêà îäí³º¿ ç êè¿âñüêèõ öåíòðàëüíèõ øê³ë ³ çàÿâèëà, ùî àáè çíàëà çì³ñò ï’ºñè, òî í³êîëè íå äîïóñòèëà á, ùîá íà öþ âèñòàâó ïðèéøëè áàòüêè, à òèì ïà÷å ä³òè. Ñòåëüìàõ: – Ä³òè! Òà ¿ì âæå áóëî ïî ñ³ìíàäöÿòüâ³ñ³ìíàäöÿòü! Âîíà âèëåò³ëà íà ñöåíó, òàêà ñîá³ îïàñèñòà, ç âèñî÷åííîþ çà÷³ñêîþ, à ãðóäè ¿é çä³éìàëèñü, ÿê äåâ'ÿòèé âàë Àéâàçîâñüêîãî. (Ñì³þòüñÿ). ßðîñëàâ ïîñ³ð³â. Âè æ äîáðå ïàì’ÿòàºòå, ùî ìîãëî ñòàòèñÿ ïîòîìó: ëèñò äî ì³ñüêêîìó ïàðò³¿, íàâ³òü äî ÖÊ, ³ âèñòàâó – çàáîðîíÿòü. À Âè, Åäóàðäå Ìàðêîâè÷ó, óðî÷èñòî òàê: «Ó íàñ ñüîãîäí³ â òåàòð³ ñâÿòî! Ïðèéøëà óëþáëåíà â÷èòåëüêà ìîãî ñèíà, äèðåêòîðêà ïðåêðàñíî¿ øêîëè ³ ò. ³í.». ² âîíà ñòèøèëàñü, íà÷å ïðîêîëîòà ïîâ³òðÿíà êóëüêà. Âè äèïëîìàò! Ìóäðî â÷èíèëè. Îá³éøëîñÿ.

Ä²ÀËÎÃÈ DIALOGUE

Ãëÿäà÷ – íàéãîëîâí³øà ä³éîâà îñîáà îêð³ì òð³àäè: äðàìàòóðã – ðåæèñåð – àêòîð. Ïàíå Ñåðã³þ, ÿêîþ áóëà ðåàêö³ÿ ãëÿäà÷³â? ×è ìîæíà ñêàçàòè, ùî äðàìàòóðã³ÿ ßðîñëàâà – òî æèâèé òåàòð? Âàñèëüºâ: – Éîãî äîëÿ, ÿê äðàìàòóðãà, áóëà, ïîïðè âñ³ êîíôë³êòè, ÿê³ â³í ïåðåæèâàâ ïåâíîãî ÷àñó, âñå-òàêè äîñèòü ùàñëèâîþ. Ï’ºñè ïðèéìàëèñÿ, çàêóïîâóâàëèñÿ Ì³í³ñòåðñòâîì êóëüòóðè, à ãîëîâíå – éøëè â òåàòðàõ. ßðîñëàâ íå áóâ ëþäèíîþ îô³ö³éíîþ, çààíãàæîâàíîþ, â³í áóâ ãðîìàäÿíèíîì ó âèùîìó ðîçóì³íí³ öüîãî ñëîâà ³ íàìàãàâñÿ ãîâîðèòè ïðî òå, ùî õâèëþâàëî ëþäåé, à íå òå, ÷îãî áàæàëî íà÷àëüñòâî. ² ÷åðåç öå, çâè÷àéíî, éîãî äðàìàòóðã³ÿ ìàëà âèñîêó ñèìïàò³þ ðåæèñåð³â ³ ãëÿäà÷³â. Îêð³ì òîãî, éîãî ñþæåòè áóëè äîáðå ïðîïèñàí³, ç ö³êàâèìè õàðàêòåðàìè, òàì áóëî ùîñü òàêå, ùî ñïðàâä³ âèáèâàëîñÿ ç óñëàâëåííÿ òîãî ñâ³òó, íàâ³òü â ò³ îä³îçí³ ç ïîë³òè÷íîãî ïîãëÿäó ðîêè. ² öÿ êðèòè÷í³ñòü, ïðî ÿêó ñêàçàâ Ëåñü Òàíþê, áåçïåðå÷íî áóëà ïðèòàìàííà ßðîñëàâîâ³. Ïåðøó âèñòàâó çà ï’ºñîþ ßðîñëàâà «Çàïèòàé êîëèñü ó òðàâ» ÿ ïîáà÷èâ ó Õàðêîâ³, êîëè ùå áóâ ñòóäåíòîì. ×óäîâà áóëà ïîñòàíîâêà Îëåêñàíäðà Áåëÿöüêîãî! Çäàâàëîñü áè, ï’ºñà ïðî ìîëîäîãâàðä³éö³â, ïðî ï³äï³ëëÿ â ÷àñè Äðóãî¿ ñâ³òîâî¿ â³éíè. Ð³÷ â ò³ì, ùî ãåðî¿ â ñóñï³ëüñòâ³ áàéäóæîìó, â ÿêîìó ìè æèëè, ñïðèéìàëèñÿ ä³éñíî ÿê ³äåàë. Öå íå áóëî ïîâ’ÿçàíî ç ¿õ ä³éñíèì ïàòð³îòèçìîì, ç ¿õ ïî÷óòòÿì äðóæáè, ç ¿õ ðîçóì³ííÿì ïîâàãè äî ñâ³òó ³ áàæàííÿì íå ìèðèòèñÿ ç³ çëîì. Ïîçà÷àñîâ³ ³ñòèíè, ÿê³ áóëè ïðèòàìàííèìè ³ òîìó ÷àñîâ³, àêòóàëüí³ é ñüîãîäí³. Öå ÷óäîâà ï’ºñà, ³ ïîñòàíîâêà áóëà äóæå ñèëüíîþ, ³ ðåàêö³ÿ ãëÿäà÷³â áóëà áóðõëèâîþ ³ äóæå àêòèâíîþ. Ñòåëüìàõ: – ² öå æ íå áóâ ïåðåñï³â ïð³ñíîïàì’ÿòíîãî ðîìàíó Ôàäººâà. Æîäíîãî «óðà!». À ùå, ÿ áè ñêàçàëà, àâòîð çìóñèâ ãëÿäà÷à çàìèñëèòèñÿ íàä ãåíåçèñîì çðàäíèöòâà ÿê òàêîãî. Íà ìîþ äóìêó, éîãî ï’ºñè òàê çâàíî¿ «íîâî¿ õâèë³» â 70-90 ðîêè ìèíóëîãî ñòîë³òòÿ íàâåðíóëè, ïîâåðíóëè ãëÿäà÷à äî òåàòðó ñàìå íà ñó÷àñíó ï'ºñó. Îñü, íàïðèêëàä, éîãî ìàêñèìàë³ñòñüêà äðàìà ç íàñì³øêóâàòîþ íàçâîþ «Ïðèâ³ò, ñèíè÷êî!» ÷è «Äðàìà â ó÷èòåëüñüê³é», äå òàêîæ íàÿâíèé ìàêñèìàë³çì ñîâ³ñíîñò³ þíîãî õëîïöÿ. Ïî ñóò³ öå áóëî íàìàãàííÿì ïðîðâàòè îñàäó ì³ùàíñòâà â ò³ ÷àñè, ÷àñè æîðñòêèõ ³äåîëîã³÷íèõ íàñòàíîâ. Òàíþê: – ß áè øèðøå ñêàçàâ. Â³í áóâ ñèíîì âåëèêîãî Ìèõàéëà Ñòåëüìàõà. Çåðíî çàâæäè çàïåðå÷óº êîëîñ, íà ÿêîìó ðîñòå. Ìîæíà ñêàçàòè, ùî ßðîñëàâ ñòèë³ñòè÷íî çàïåðå÷óâàâ Ñòåëüìàõà-ñòàðøîãî ç éîãî åï³÷íèìè ôîðìàìè, ðîçëîãèìè ìîíîëîãàìè. Â³í óçÿâ â³ä áàòüêà ìîâó, ³ öå ïðåêðàñíî, àëå â æîäí³é ï’ºñ³ âè íå çíàéäåòå òî¿ ïèøíîìîâíîñò³. Â³í áóâ, ïî ñóò³, ïåðøèì äðàìàòóðãîì, ÿêèé ïðèí³ñ óðáàí³ñòèêó â óêðà¿íñüêèé òåàòð, ìîëîäó

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Сергій Васильєв óðáàí³ñòèêó. Ðåæèñåðè õîò³ëè éîãî ñòàâèòè òîìó, ùî, çàö³êàâëåíèé ì³ñòîì, â³í çàïðîïîíóâàâ òèïàæ³, ÿê³ æèâóòü íàâêîëî íàñ. Â³í ìàâ äàëåêî íå ïðîâ³íö³éíèé ñâ³òîãëÿä, áóâ ò³ñíî ïîâ’ÿçàíèé ç Ìîñêâîþ, Ïåòåðáóðãîì, ç õîðîøèìè äðàìàòóðãàìè, âàðèâñÿ, òàê áè ìîâèòè, â ãàðíîìó êîòë³. ² ïðèõîäèâ ñþäè, ³ ïðèíîñèâ öå íàì. ² ùå äóæå âàæëèâèé ìîìåíò. ß ïàì’ÿòàþ, áóâ òàêèé ñîá³ ì³í³ñòð êóëüòóðè Áàá³é÷óê, ³ â³í âèäàâ íàêàç, ùîá äî 60-ð³÷÷ÿ ðàäÿíñüêî¿ âëàäè âñ³ òåàòðè ïîñòàâèëè ï’ºñó Çàðóäíîãî «Ñèí³ ðîñè». Óÿâëÿºòå ñîá³ – íàêàç ì³í³ñòðà! Òàê îò, ïî Ñòåëüìàõó íå ìîãëî òàêîãî áóòè – í³õòî íå äàâàâ ðîçïîðÿäæåíü ïîñòàâèòè ÿêóñü ç éîãî ï’ºñ ÷è ïåðåêëàäåíó íèì. Êîæíà éîãî ï’ºñà äóæå âàæêî ïðîõîäèëà òîìó, ùî âîíà âñå-òàêè ìàëà àâòîðñòâî ëþäèíè, ÿêà ïëèâå ïðîòè òå÷³¿. Òîìó éîãî ãëÿäà÷ – íå ïðîñòî ãëÿäà÷, à îáîâ’ÿçêîâî ìîëîäèé, ìîëîäà ³íòåë³ãåíö³ÿ – ³íæåíåðè, ë³êàð³, ñòóäåíòñòâî. Âîíè áóêâàëüíî âàëîì éøëè íà ñïåêòàêë³ – ¿ì áóëî ö³êàâî ñïîñòåð³ãàòè äðàìàòè÷íå ïðîòèñòîÿííÿ ì³ùàíñòâó ³ ïîòîìó íå ìåíø ö³êàâî îáãîâîðþâàòè ÷è ñïåðå÷àòèñÿ. Äðàìàòóðã Ñòåëüìàõ – íîâà ëþäèíà, óðáàí³ñò, äî òîãî æ ïîçáàâëåíèé «ñîâêîâîãî» ìåíòàë³òåòó. Àëå â³í áóâ àâòîðîì êîæíî¿ ðîë³, êîæíî¿ ðåìàðêè ³ äóæå áîë³ñíî ñïðèéìàâ, ÿêùî, íå äàé Áîæå, õòîñü ç àêòîð³â çì³íþâàâ ÿêåñü ñëîâî, áî òî áóëî ñàìå éîãî ñëîâî. Ñòåëüìàõ: – ×è íå çäàºòüñÿ Âàì, ùî «Ãðà íà êëàâåñèí³» é «Ïðîâ³íö³àëêè» äàëè ïðèâ³ä çàðàõóâàòè éîãî, âëàñíå ºäèíîãî ç óêðà¿íñüêèõ àâòîð³â, äî âñåñîþçíî¿ êîãîðòè äðàìàòóðã³â «íîâî¿ õâèë³» ÷è, ÿê ÷àñîì ãîâîðèëè, ìëàäîóêðà¿íö³â? Òàíþê: – Ö³ ï’ºñè, ÿ á òàê ñêàçàâ, éøëè ïîçà êîíêóðñîì, ¿õ ìîìåíòàëüíî ïåðåõîïëþâàëè ìîñêîâñüê³, ëåí³íãðàäñüê³, êè¿âñüê³ æóðíàëè, çíîâ– òàêè ìîìåíòàëüíî âîíè ðîçïðîñòîðþâàëèñÿ ïîì³æ ðåæèñåðàìè. ² ßðîñëàâ ä³éñíî º ïðåäñòàâíèêîì îòî¿ íîâî¿ êîãîðòè, ÿêà, íà æàëü, äóæå øâèäêî ñåáå ïîò³ì âè÷åðïàëà ÷åðåç ðåàë³¿ òèõ ÷àñ³â, òà é ÷àñ³â òåïåð³øí³õ.

Âàñèëüºâ: – Òðàã³÷íî, ùî ßðîñëàâ òàê ðàíî â³ä³éøîâ, àëå âî¿ñòèíó ï³øîâ íà çëåò³. ² âòðàòà öÿ ä³éñíî íåïîïðàâíà. Â³í áóâ ºäèíèì ñó÷àñíèì àâòîðîì, ï’ºñè ³ ïåðåêëàäè ÿêîãî éøëè ³ éäóòü ïî âñ³é êðà¿í³. ² âæå öå îäíå äàâàëî íàä³þ, ùî òåïåð³øí³é ðîçðèâ ì³æ ñöåíîþ ³ ë³òåðàòóðîþ ìîæå áóòè ïîäîëàíèì. Íà æàëü, çàðàç â³í, öåé ðîçðèâ, ìàáóòü ùî, ò³ëüêè çá³ëüøèòüñÿ. Äóæå ìàëî àâòîð³â ñüîãîäí³øí³õ, ÿê³ âì³þòü ïèñàòè äëÿ òåàòðó, áî öå é ñïðàâä³ óí³êàëüíèé äàð, öå æ íå ïðîñòî ðîçïèñàòè ä³àëîãè çà ðåïë³êàìè. Çà êîæíîþ ðåïë³êîþ ìóñÿòü ñòîÿòè æèâ³ ëþäè ç ¿õ íåïåðåáîðíèìè êîíôë³êòàìè, ð³çíèìè êîë³ç³ÿìè. Òóò º ïåâíà òàºìíèöÿ. Íàïðèêëàä, ï’ºñà «Ïðîâ³íö³àëêè» àáñîëþòíî íåñïîä³âàíà ³ ñïðàâä³ íàëåæàëà äî íîâî¿ äðàìàòóðã³÷íî¿ õâèë³. ×è â³çüì³ìî òîé ïåð³îä, ÿêèé íàñòàâ ó 90-ò³ ðîêè ³ áóâ ïîâ'ÿçàíèé ç ïàðàë³÷åì äóõîâíîãî æèòòÿ ÿê ó òåàòð³, òàê ³ â êóëüòóð³. ² âçàãàë³ òåàòð â³äìîâèâñÿ â òîé ìîìåíò «ïðàöþâàòè ç ñó÷àñí³ñòþ», òîáòî ïóáë³êó òðåáà áóëî ðîçðàäæóâàòè, âîíà éøëà íà êëàñèêó. Ñó÷àñí³ñòü, ïîïåðøå, âàæêî áóëî îñìèñëèòè, à ïî-äðóãå, âñ³ ¿¿ ï³äñâ³äîìî ëÿêàëèñÿ, ñó÷àñíà ï’ºñà âçàãàë³ áóëà íåçàòðåáóâàíà. ² ßðîñëàâ â³ä÷óâ öåé ìîìåíò òåæ ³ ñòàâ ïèñàòè ÷óäîâ³ ïàðàôðàçè, ÿê òî, íàïðèêëàä, «Åììà» ÷è «Êðèõ³òêà Öàõåñ». Òîáòî ÿê ë³òåðàòîð â³í äóæå ïëàñòè÷íèé, äóæå ãíó÷êèé. ² òîé éîãî âèá³ð áóâ ïðåêðàñíèì. Ñòåëüìàõ: – ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ íå ëþáèâ ñï³âàòè â õîð³. Ó íüîãî áóâ ñâ³é ãîëîñ. Óêðà¿íñüêèé. Éîìó áóëà ïðèòàìàííà óêðà¿íñüêà õèìåðí³ñòü, óêðà¿íñüêà íàñì³øêóâàò³ñòü. ßñêðàâèé ïðèêëàä – áóðëåñêíà êîìåä³ÿ «Êîõàííÿ â ñòèë³ áàðîêî». Âðåøò³-ðåøò, éîìó áóëà ïðèòàìàííà óêðà¿íñüêà ô³ëîñîô³÷í³ñòü, ÿñêðàâèé ïðèêëàä – «Ñèí³é àâòîìîá³ëü». Âåðòèíñüêèé: – ßêùî ãîâîðèòè ïðî «Ñèí³é àâòîìîá³ëü», òî äëÿ ìåíå öå áóëî ùîñü æàõëèâå: êîëè ÿ ïðî÷èòàâ ï’ºñó, òî çíåíàâèä³â ¿¿. ß æ ëþäèíà òåìíà (ñì³ºòüñÿ), ìåí³ æ ïîïåðâàõ í³õòî íå ïîÿñíèâ, ùî öå ç Ñëàâêîâîãî æèòòÿ, ³ ÿêùî íàïèñàíî ñëîâî «ìàìà», òî ìàºòüñÿ íà óâàç³ éîãî ìàìà, ÿêùî «òàòî» – òàòî. ß ñïî÷àòêó íå óñâ³äîìëþâàâ, ùî çà òèì óñ³ì ñòîÿëè æèâ³ ëþäè. ² êîëè ï³ñëÿ òàêîãî ðåçîíàíñíîãî ïðåì’ºðíîãî ïîêàçó ìåíå îá³éíÿëà âåëèêà àêòðèñà Ðà¿ñà Íåäàøê³âñüêà, âñÿ â ñëüîçàõ, ³ ñêàçàëà: «Òè ñîá³ íå óÿâëÿºø, ÿêà íàñïðàâä³ ñ³ìåéíà òðàãåä³ÿ çà öèì óñ³ì!», òîä³ ÿ ïîâ³ðèâ â ò³ îáñòàâèíè ³ ãðàâ ç óñ³ºþ ñàìîâ³ääà÷åþ, íà âñ³ ñòî â³äñîòê³â. ² öå íåëåãêî: ßðîñëàâ íåùàäíî ðîçòðîùóº, âèâåðòàº ãåðîÿ. Ñòåëüìàõ: – ß ïðèãàäóþ, Âè ÿêîñü ñêàçàëè, ùî íà ðåïåòèö³ÿõ «Ñèíüîãî àâòîìîá³ëÿ» âåñü ÷àñ ñïåðå÷àëèñÿ ç ßðîñëàâîì. ² Âè íå ïåâí³, ÷è ñïðîìîãëèñÿ éîìó ñêàçàòè, ÷èì º éîãî òâ³ð, éîãî ï’ºñà ó Âàøîìó æèòò³.

Âåðòèíñüêèé: – Â³í ì³ã äîçâîëèòè ùîñü ñêîðîòèòè, àëå íå äîïèñàòè ÷è ïîì³íÿòè, â³í öüîãî ñòðàøåííî íå ëþáèâ. Àëå õî÷åø-íå-õî÷åø, ÿêåñü òàì ñëîâî âèïàäàëî, àáî ÿ éîãî çàì³íþâàâ. Í³-³-³! Â³í ÷åðåç òàê³ äð³áíèö³ ì³ã òàêå ìåí³ â÷èíèòè… Ñòåëüìàõ: – Äî ðå÷³, Îëåêñî, Âè ùå é äîñ³ íå ïî÷óâàºòåñÿ â³ëüíî ó âèñòàâ³ «Ñèí³é àâòîìîá³ëü»? ßê ³ ðàí³øå áî¿òåñü? ×è âæå îñòðàõ ïðîéøîâ? Âåðòèíñüêèé: – Í³!!! ß é äîñ³ éîãî íåíàâèäæó. Êëÿíóñü. ² ëþáëþ. Îòàêà ñîá³ ëþáîâ-íåíàâèñòü. ² äîñ³ áîþñÿ. Ìàëî òîãî, ùî ñêëàäíà âèñòàâà, âîíà ðàçîì ç òèì ÿêàñü ³íòèìíà, ÿ íå ìîæó êðè÷àòè, âàëóâàòè, ìóøó ïðàöþâàòè íà ï³âòîíàõ. Ðîçóì³ºòå? Ñòåëüìàõ: – Àëå æ ÿêèé óñï³õ! «Ñèí³é àâòîìîá³ëü» íàãîðîäæåíî áàãàòüìà Ãðàí-ïð³ íà ðåïðåçåíòàòèâíèõ ôåñòèâàëÿõ. À ÿê òî òàì áóëî â òåàòð³ â òâî¿õ ð³äíèõ Ñóìàõ? Àæ äî Êèºâà õâèëÿ äîêîòèëàñÿ… Âåðòèíñüêèé: – Òåàòðàëüíèé ëþä çíàâ ìåíå ÿê êîì³êà, àêòîðà äóæå ñïåöèô³÷íîãî àìïëóà. ² ðàïòîì ÿ ïðè¿æäæàþ ç «Ñèí³ì àâòîìîá³ëåì». ß áîÿâñÿ, òðóñèâñÿ: ç'ÿâëþñÿ ïåðåä íèìè, à âîíè ïî÷íóòü ãèêàòè é øèêàòè: «Òåæ ìåí³ «çâºçäà» ïðè¿õàëà». Íó, ìåí³ íåçðó÷íî ðîçâîäèòèñÿ ïðî óñï³õ, ÿêîñü íåñêðîìíî. Ñòåëüìàõ: – Í³, ðîçêàæ³òü, ïðîøó! Âåðòèíñüêèé: – Êóïàâñÿ â îâàö³ÿõ! Àíøëàã-ïåðåàíøëàã! Ëþäè âèñ³ëè, ëåæàëè, ñòîÿëè. À â çàë³ æ òèñÿ÷à ì³ñöü! Ñòåëüìàõ: – Ùîäî «Ñèíüîãî àâòîìîá³ëÿ» õî÷ó íàãàäàòè ðÿäêè êðèòèêà Ãàííè Âåñåëîâñüêî¿: «Æèòòÿ àâòîðà, íà÷å õë³áèíà, ðîçëàìóâàëîñÿ íà íàøèõ î÷àõ, ³ êîæíîìó, õòî áóâ ïðèñóòí³ì ó çàë³, ä³ñòàâñÿ ùåäðèé øìàòîê». Îò äèâ³òüñÿ, äâîº ñòàðøèõ, âæå ë³òí³õ óêðà¿íñüêèõ äðàìàòóðã³â òèõ ÷àñ³â, òàê áè ìîâèòè, çìàãàëèñÿ ì³æ ñîáîþ, õòî êðàùèé. À âèÿâèëîñÿ, íàéêðàùèé – ùå òîä³ ìîëîäèé ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ, ïðî ÿêîãî çàðàç ïèøóòü äèñåðòàö³¿ é äèïëîìí³ ðîáîòè, ÷è íå òàê? Òàíþê: – ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ ÿêðàç íå áóâ í³ äî êîãî â îïîçèö³¿, â³í í³êîãî íå íàìàãàâñÿ ñêèíóòè, â³í éøîâ ñâî¿ì øëÿõîì ³ àáñîëþòíî íå çâàæàâ íà òó ñòèë³ñòèêó, â ÿê³é ïðàöþâàëè ñó÷àñí³ éîìó çíàí³ äðàìàòóðãè. Ñàìå òîìó â³í, ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ, ³ ö³êàâèé òèì, ùî â³äêðèâ äâåð³ â äóøó, íå â êîëåêòèâ, íå â ÿêóñü òàì áðèãàäó. Éîãî êîíôë³êòè âñ³ áåçóìîâí³, â íèõ íåìàº ò³º¿ óìîâíîñò³, ÿêà º, íàïðèêëàä, ó «Ôàðàîíàõ» ÷è äåñü òàì ùå. Â³í çà íàòóðîþ áóâ ñòðàøåííî áóðëåñêíèé, áîãåìíèé, ëþáèâ âèïèòè, âåñåëèé áóâ, äîòåïíèé, ñàì ëþáèâ ãðàòè ñâî¿ ðîë³ ó âóçüê³é êîìïàí³¿, ñåáòî áóâ ëþäèíîþ íå ïðîñòî äëÿ äðóêàðñüêî¿ ìàøèíêè, à äëÿ æèòòÿ.

Олекса Вертинський Ìèòíèöüêèé: – ² âñå æ òàêè ÿ ââàæàþ, ùî íàéêðàùîþ éîãî ï’ºñîþ áóëè «Ïðîâ³íö³àëêè». ×îìó? Â³í, ÿê ÿ ç ñàìîãî ïî÷àòêó ñêàçàâ, áóâ äèïëîìàòîì ³ âçàãàë³ ëþäèíîþ øèðîêîãî ïîë³òè÷íîãî ñïðèéíÿòòÿ æèòòÿ. ² â ö³é ï’ºñ³ ßðîñëàâ ïåðåäáà÷èâ ñüîãîäí³øí³é äåíü, ïðèêðèé, äðàìàòè÷íèé, ÿêùî íå òðàã³÷íèé. ² öå áóëî, ÿê íà ìåíå, éîãî îçíàêîþ ïðîâèäöÿ. Òîä³ ùå ìîëîäà ëþäèíà – ³ òàêå ïåðåäáà÷åííÿ! Ïî÷óòè öå ìîæíà áóëî ò³ëüêè ÿêèìîñü âíóòð³øí³ì ñëóõîì. À ÿêà âåëèêà îá³çíàí³ñòü ùîäî óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè, ìóçèêè. Â ò³ âæå â³ääàëåí³ ðîêè â³í áóâ äëÿ ìåíå çðàçêîì ñïðàâæíüîãî ïàòð³îòà, ³ íå õèçóâàâñÿ – öå áóëî éîãî ºñòâîì, äëÿ ìåíå âàæëèâî òå, ùî â³í áóâ áóêâàëüíî ïðîíèçàíèé Óêðà¿íîþ ³ ïðàöþâàâ äëÿ íå¿. Ñòåëüìàõ – Õóë³ãàíèñòèé Ñëàâêî – æèâ, òàê áè ìîâèòè, â ðèòì³ «presto» ³ â ñòèë³ «brio», òîáòî ñòð³ìêî, ³ç çàïàëîì. ß òàê ñîá³ äóìàþ, ùî ò³ëüêè ñâ³òëà äóøà ³ âåñåëà ñÿãàº íåáà. Âàñèëüºâ: – Öå áóëà â³ëüíà ëþäèíà, ³ òàêèé äîòåïíèê! Êîæíó ñèòóàö³þ ì³ã äóæå âåñåëî ïåðå³íàêøèòè ³ ñïàðîä³þâàòè. Íó, æèòòºëþá, ãåäîí³ñò â ñàìîìó êëàñíîìó ñåíñ³ öüîãî ñëîâà. Ìèòíèöüêèé: – Â ³íòåë³ãåíòíîìó ðîçóì³íí³ öüîãî ñëîâà. Âàñèëüºâ: – Ñàìå òàê. ² íå çìàãàâñÿ â³í àí³ ç æîäíèì ç òîä³øí³õ «êëàñèê³â äðàìàòóðã³¿». Æèâ ñàì ïî ñîá³ – òàê, ÿê â³ä÷óâàâ. Òîìó, çâè÷àéíî, Ñòåëüìàõ ³ñíóâàâ ÿê äðàìàòóðã ñåðéîçíèé, â êîíòåêñò³ âñ³º¿ êðà¿íè, à íå â êîíòåêñò³ Ì³í³ñòåðñòâà êóëüòóðè, õî÷ îñòàííº ³ âïëèâàëî íà òå, êîãî ñòàâèòè, à êîãî í³. Ñòåëüìàõ: – À îò ùîäî ßðîñëàâîâèõ ïåðåêëàä³â… Ìåí³ ³ìïîíóº ÷èÿñü äóìêà, ùî ïåðåêëàä – öå íàéâèùèé ð³âåíü ñï³âïåðåæèâàííÿ ³ òðîõè ñîâ³ñíîñò³. À ÿêîþ º Âàøà äóìêà ùîäî ßðîñëàâîâèõ ïåðåêëàä³â ç àíãë³éñüêî¿, ôðàíöóçüêî¿, ðîñ³éñüêî¿? Äæîéñ, Ñàéìîí, Îëá³, Äåéë Âàññåðìàí, «Âàðøàâñüêà ìåëîä³ÿ» Çîð³íà...

Òàíþê: – Ïåðåêëàäà÷ – öå òîé ñàìèé àêòîð. Àêòîð ïî÷èíàº ãðàòè âñå òå, ùî â³í îïèñóº, à ïåðåêëàäà÷ ïî÷èíàº ãðàòè òå, ùî íàïèñàâ Áàëüçàê, Ôëîáåð, ³ ñàì ïåðåâò³ëþºòüñÿ â Áàëüçàêà, Ôëîáåðà, Àðàãîíà. Öå ùå îäíå ïðîæèâàííÿ æèòòÿ. Öå òå, çàðàäè ÷îãî ìè éäåìî äî ìèñòåöòâà, äî òåàòðó. Äóæå âàæëèâî, ùî ßðîñëàâ íå áóâ «ëþäèíîþ òåàòðó». Â³í ïðèéøîâ íå ç òåàòðàëüíîãî ³íñòèòóòó, à ç êàôåäðè ïåðåêëàä³â ²íñòèòóòó ³íîçåìíèõ ìîâ… À öå îçíà÷àº, ùî ëþäèíà òðîøêè ç ³íøîãî ñâ³òó, ³ ßðîñëàâ ïðèí³ñ ñâ³é áàãàæ. Ç íèì áóëî íàäö³êàâî ãîâîðèòè ïðî íîâ³ òâîðè, îòàê, ÿê ³ ç Êî÷óðîì ÷è Ëóêàøåì. Â Óêðà¿í³ ìàëî êîãî ìîæíà áóëî ñïèòàòè: «À ùî âèéøëî òàì-òî? À ùî íàïèñàâ Îëá³?» Â³í öå âñå çíàâ, çà öèì âñ³ì ñòåæèâ, òî áóëà äóæå âàãîìà ÷àñòêà éîãî æèòòÿ. ßêîñü ÿ éîãî çàïèòàâ: «À îò ÷îãî òè ñàìå ï’ºñè ïåðåêëàäàºø, à íå ÿê³ñü òàì ðîìàíè?». À â³í ìåí³ òàêå: «Ï’ºñè – ö³êàâ³øå, òîìó, ùî òè çíàºø, ùî îòóò àêòîð ìóñèòü ãîâîðèòè, à òóò – ìóñèòü âèäèõíóòè, ïîñòàâèòè êðàïêó, à äàë³ ìóñèòü áóòè ìîíîëîã, à â ê³íö³ áóäóòü îïëåñêè, ÿêùî öå õîðîøèé âèêîíàâåöü». Ñòåëüìàõ: – À âñå æ òàêè îäèí ðîìàí â³í ïåðåêëàâ – «Ïîðòðåò ìèòöÿ çàìîëîäó» Äæîéñà. Â³í òàê ëþáèâ Äæîéñà! Àëå ÿêîñü çàóâàæèâ (ìàáóòü, íå â³í îäèí), ùî ëåãøå íàïèñàòè íîâèé òâ³ð, àí³æ ïåðåêëàäàòè ãåí³àëüíó ð³÷. ² âñå æ òàêè áðàâñÿ äî ïåðåêëàä³â ³ Ñàéìîíà, ³ Îëá³, Äåéëà Âàññåðìàíà, Çîð³íà («Âàðøàâñüêà ìåëîä³ÿ»). Ó Çîð³íà æ áëèñêó÷³ ä³àëîãè, ³ â³äïîâ³äíèêè çíàéòè íàäâàæêî. À ïåðåä òèì Çîð³í ïðî÷èòàâ ÷èéñü ïåðåêëàä, ÿêèé éîìó ïðèñëàëè ç Ì³í³ñòåðñòâà êóëüòóðè Óêðà¿íè, ³ íàïèñàâ Ñëàâêîâ³: «ß íå çíàþ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ìîâè, ÿ ò³ëüêè çíàþ, ùî öå ïîãàíî. ß òåáå ïðîøó, â³çüìèñÿ!». ² Ñëàâà çðîáèâ, íå ì³ã éîìó â³äìîâèòè. ² Çîð³í ïîö³íóâàâ öåé ïåðåêëàä, àëå òî áóëà ñêàæåíà ðîáîòà. Òàíþê: – ß ïàì’ÿòàþ, ÿê â³í õîò³â çàò³ÿòè âèäàííÿ àíãë³éñüêî¿ äðàìàòóðã³¿ ³ òàê çâàíèõ «ñåðäèòèõ àíãë³éö³â». Ñ³ì-â³ñ³ì-äåñÿòü ï’ºñ. Ìè ñèä³ëè, çáèðàëè, ïèñàëè íà íàøå âèäàâíèöòâî «Ìèñòåöòâî» âñ³ëÿê³ òàì ïàïåðè. Â³í ñåðéîçíî õîò³â âèäàòè òàêó àíòîëîã³þ, íå ò³ëüêè ñâî¿õ ïåðåêëàä³â, à é ³íøèõ àâòîð³â. Âñå æ òàêè êðèòèêè ïåðåä íèì ùå â áîðãó: êîí÷å ïîòð³áíèé ãëèáîêèé îãëÿäîâèé âèòâ³ð, ìîíîãðàô³ÿ ç äåòàëüíîþ àíàë³òèêîþ. Âàñèëüºâ: – Ñàìå òàê. Àëå ç'ÿâëÿºòüñÿ âñå á³ëüøå ³ á³ëüøå äîñë³äæåíü òâîð÷îñò³ äðàìàòóðãà ßðîñëàâà Ñòåëüìàõà, ïðèºìíî â³äçíà÷èòè, ùî, íàïðèêëàä, ñòóäåíòè-äèïëîìíèêè íàìàãàþòüñÿ ÿêîñü îñìèñëèòè öþ ïîñòàòü ó ë³òåðàòóð³, â óêðà¿íñüêîìó òåàòð³. Ñòåëüìàõ: – ² ìóøó â³äçíà÷èòè, ùî íèí³ êðèòèêè, ë³òåðàòóðîçíàâö³, òåàòðîçíàâö³, òåàòðàëüíèé çàãàë ñóãîëîñí³ – ßðîñëàâ Ñòåëüìàõ º îäíèì ç íàéÿñêðàâ³øèõ ³ íàéóñï³øí³øèõ óêðà¿íñüêèõ äðàìàòóðã³â ê³íöÿ ÕÕ – ïî÷àòêó ÕÕ² ñòîë³òü.

ÌÅÖÅÍÀÒ MAECENAS

Талант лишатися українцем У Канаді відкрилася виставка Трипільської культури. Важлива роль у цьому належить кавалерові Ордена Канади, володарю медалі Петра Могили, меценатові Джеймсу Костянтину Темертею.

Раїса та Ілля Темертей, 1939 року. Україна Raisa and Illya Temerty, 1939. Ukraine

Михайло СЛАБОШПИЦЬКИЙ, прозаїк, критик, літературознавець, публіцист, громадський діяч, співголова координаційної ради Міжнародного конкурсу з української мови ім. П. Яцика, з 2006 року секретар ради Національної спілки письменників України. Лауреат національної премії України імені Тараса Шевченка 2005 року.

Джеймс Костянтин ТЕМЕРТЕЙ James Constantine TEMERTY

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

äàºòüñÿ, ùî çà òàêèé àìá³òíèé ïðîåêò ³ ìàâ óçÿòèñÿ ò³ëüêè â³í, ñïðàâæí³é óêðà¿íåöü Êîñòÿíòèí Òåìåðòåé. ×îëîâ³ê, ÿêèé ïðîñòî íå çàéìàºòüñÿ äð³áíèìè ñïðàâàìè. Äåñÿòü ðîê³â òîìó â³í îï³êóâàâñÿ âèñòàâêîþ ñê³ôñüêîãî çîëîòà ç ìóçå¿â Óêðà¿íè, ùî â³äáóëàñÿ â Êîðîë³âñüêîìó ìóçå¿ Îíòàð³î ³ ñòàëà ñïðàâä³ ðåçîíàíñíîþ êóëüòóðíîþ ïîä³ºþ. Íèí³ æ çàâåðøóþòüñÿ ïðèãîòóâàííÿ äî ùå ìàñøòàáí³øî¿ ïîä³¿. «Ïðàäàâíÿ Óêðà¿íà: çàãàäêà Òðèï³ëüñüêî¿ êóëüòóðè» – òàê³ àô³ø³ ïîêëè÷óòü ó ëèñòîïàä³ íèí³øíüîãî ðîêó äî Êîðîë³âñüêîãî ìóçåþ Îíòàð³î.

²äåÿ ö³º¿ âèñòàâêè âèçð³ëà ùå 2005 ðîêó â ðîçìîâ³ Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè Â³êòîðà Þùåíêà ç â³äîìèì êàíàäñüêèì á³çíåñìåíîì òà ìåöåíàòîì Êîñòÿíòèíîì Òåìåðòåºì. Ïðåçèäåíò íåîäíîðàçîâî ãîâîðèâ ïðî òå, ùî íåîáõ³äíî îçíàéîìèòè ñâ³ò ³ç Òðèï³ëüñüêîþ êóëüòóðîþ. ² öå éîìó áàãàòî ñêàæå ïðî íàñ, óêðà¿íö³â, – äóõîâíèõ ñïàäêîºìö³â ö³º¿ êóëüòóðè. Òàêà âèñòàâêà â Ï³âí³÷í³é Àìåðèö³ ìîæå ñòàòè â³êíîì ó íàøå ìèíóëå. Êîñòÿíòèí Òåìåðòåé çàê³í÷èâ óí³âåðñèòåò Êîíêîðä³ÿ â Ìîíðåàë³. Çäîáóâ ñòóï³íü áàêàëàâðà ç ãóìàí³òàðíèõ íàóê. ßêùî íå çíàòè, ùî â³í – á³çíåñìåí, à òåìîþ ðîçìîâè áóäå, ñêàæ³ìî, ³ñòîð³ÿ Óêðà¿íè, àðõåîëîã³ÿ, îáðàçîòâîð÷å ìèñòåöòâî, òî âè ñïðèéìåòå éîãî çà ëþäèíó ç³ ñôåðè

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êóëüòóðè. Îòàêå ïåðøå âðàæåííÿ áóëî â ìåíå â³ä íüîãî íà ñâÿò³ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ìîâè â Òîðîíòî. Ç³ ìíîþ â³í òîä³ ãîâîðèâ ëèøå ïðî âîêàëüíå ìèñòåöòâî, ðîçïîâ³äàâ, ÿê çàïðîñèâ äî Òîðîíòî ñîë³ñòêó ñòîëè÷íî¿ îïåðè Âàëåíòèíó Ñòåïîâó ³ ÿêèé óñï³õ âîíà ìàëà. Öå âæå ïîò³ì ó íèõ ³ç ßöèêîì ðîçïî÷àëàñÿ ðîçìîâà ïðî á³çíåñ (³, äî ðå÷³, âîíè ãîâîðèëè ïðî íüîãî òàê, ÿê ìîæóòü ãîâîðèòè ìèñòö³ ïðî ìèñòåöòâî). Î÷åâèäíî, â³í ïî÷óâàºòüñÿ îäíàêîâî âïåâíåíî ³ â ñåðåäîâèù³ ä³ëîâèõ ëþäåé, ùî ïðåäñòàâëÿþòü ñâ³ò ï³äïðèºìíèöòâà, äå çäåá³ëüøîãî ãîâîðÿòü ìîâîþ öèôð, ³ â ñåðåäîâèù³ ëþäåé ìèñòåöòâà ÷è îñâ³òè. Âñå öå îðãàí³÷íî é íåðîçðèâíî ïåðåïëå-

ëîñÿ â éîãî äîë³. Ïðî öå âèðàçíî ñâ³ä÷èòü ³ éîãî ïîñëóæíèé ñïèñîê. Ñïåðøó – ñâ³ò á³çíåñó. Óïðîäîâæ ï’ÿòíàäöÿòè ðîê³â Êîñòÿíòèí Òåìåðòåé çàéìàâ íàéâèù³ ïîñàäè ó êîìïàí³¿ ²ÂÌ ó Êàíàä³ òà Ñïîëó÷åíèõ Øòàòàõ Àìåðèêè. Äî çàñíóâàííÿ êîìïàí³¿ «Íîðòëàíä Ïàóåð ²íê.», â³í âîëîä³â òà êåðóâàâ íàéá³ëüøîþ ó ñâ³ò³ ïðèâàòíîþ ìåðåæåþ ìàãàçèí³â «Êîìï’þòåðëåíä». Òåìåðòåé – êåð³âíèê òà âëàñíèê êîíòðîëüíîãî ïàêåòó àêö³é îäí³º¿ ç íàéá³ëüøèõ íà Ï³âí³÷íîàìåðèêàíñüêîìó êîíòèíåíò³ ïîñåðåäíèöüêèõ ô³ðì, ùî ïðîäàþòü ïðîãðàìíå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ äëÿ ïåðñîíàëüíèõ êîìï’þòåð³â òà îáëàäíàííÿ. Öÿ êîìïàí³ÿ ïðåäñòàâëåíà ó 32-õ íàéá³ëüøèõ ì³ñòàõ ÑØÀ ³ Êàíàäè, à ¿¿ àêö³¿ äîïóùåíî äî îá³ãó ÷åðåç Òîðîíòñüêó ôîíäîâó á³ðæó. Âæå çãàäóâàíà êîìïàí³ÿ «Íîðòëàíä Ïàóåð ²íê.» ìàº ó âëàñíîñò³ òà åêñïëóàòóº ÷îòèðè åëåêòðîñòàíö³¿ â Êàíàä³, à ïî âñüîìó ñâ³ò³ çàãàëüíà âñòàíîâëåíà åëåêòðè÷íà òà òåïëîâà ïîòóæí³ñòü ñÿãàº 1000 ÌÂò. Åëåêòðîñòàíö³¿ ³ç çàãàëüíîþ âñòàíîâëåíîþ ïîòóæí³ñòþ 300 ÌÂò – ó Ï³âí³÷íîìó Îíòàð³î. Öå – ùå íå âñ³ éîãî ïîñàäè â ä³ëîâîìó ñâ³ò³. ¯õ ùå ìîæíà ïåðåë³÷óâàòè é ïåðåë³÷óâàòè. Íàçâó òóò ùå îäíó, ïîâ’ÿçàíó ç Óêðà¿íîþ. Êàíàäñüêèé á³çíåñìåí – ÷ëåí Êîíñóëüòàòèâíî¿ ðàäè ç ïèòàíü ³íîçåìíèõ ³íâåñòèö³é ïðè Ïðåçèäåíòîâ³ íàøî¿ äåðæàâè. Íå âèïàäêîâî Ïåòðî ßöèê çàïðîñèâ éîãî äî Ë³ãè óêðà¿íñüêèõ ìåöåíàò³â, à òàêîæ íà ïîñàäó îäíîãî ç äèðåêòîð³â ñâîº¿ Îñâ³òíüî¿ ôóíäàö³¿. (Ïàí Òåìåðòåé ïåðåáóâàâ òàì äî çàñíóâàííÿ âëàñíî¿ ôóíäàö³¿). ßê çàïèñàíî â ñòàòóò³ Ë³ãè óêðà¿íñüêèõ ìåöåíàò³â, äî íå¿ çàïðîøóþòü ëèøå òèõ, õòî âæå º ñïðàâæí³ì ìåöåíàòîì. Òàêîìó ÷îëîâ³êîâ³ êàæóòü ïðèáëèçíî òàê: «Çðîá³òü íàì ÷åñòü – ñòàíüòå ÷ëåíîì íàøîãî êëóáó, ìè ïèøàòèìåìîñÿ Âàøîþ ïðèñóòí³ñòþ â íüîìó». Òàê áóëî ñêàçàíî â çàïðîøåíí³ äî êëóáó Êîñòÿíòèíîâ³ Òåìåðòåþ. ² öå – íå ò³ëüêè äàíèíà åòèêåòîâ³. Áî â³í – ñïðàâä³ îäèí ³ç íàéâ³äîì³øèõ óêðà¿íñüêèõ ìåöåíàò³â ó âñ³é Ï³âí³÷í³é Àìåðèö³. Òóò éîãî ïîñëóæíèé ñïèñîê íå ìåíø àâòîðèòåòíèé, àí³æ ïåðåë³ê ïîñàä ó ä³ëîâîìó ñâ³ò³. Â³í òðèâàëèé ÷àñ áóâ äèðåêòîðîì Ñèìôîí³÷íîãî îðêåñòðó â Òîðîíòî (òàê íàçèâàºòüñÿ ïîñàäà ëþäèíè, ÿêà äáàº ïðî ô³íàíñîâå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ìèñòåöüêîãî êîëåêòèâó). Â³í îï³êóâàâñÿ é áóâ îäíèì ç ìå-

Це ж вони, Темертеї. 1949 р. Бельгія The Temerty family. 1949. Belgium

ДО РЕЧІ ОРДЕН КАНАДИ – УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ МЕЦЕНАТОВІ Джеймс Костянтин ТЕМЕРТЕЙ – один із найвідоміших українців не тільки в Канаді, а й у всій світовій українській діаспорі. Добре знаний він і в Україні. Перелік його звань та посад зайняв би тут багато місця. Досить сказати, що Темертей – голова правління і власник великої компанії «Нортланд Пауер», голова Опікунської ради Королівського музею Онтаріо (цьогоріч Фундація Темертея пожертвувала музеєві мільйон доларів). Багато корисного для України зробив він і на посту радника Президента України з питань іноземних інвестицій. Важко назвати масштабний український проект у Канаді, який не мав би його фінансової підтримки. Ми пишаємося з того, що пана Темертея відзначено найвищою державною нагородою Канади – Орденом Канади. За весь час існування цієї нагороди (починаючи з 1967 року, коли вона з`явилася) нею було відзначено лише кількох українців. Як ми довідалися, нинішнього року на Орден Канади було номіновано понад 800 осіб. А одержали її лише окремі кандидати. І поміж них він – Костянтин Темертей. З інформаційного повідомлення прес-служби Ліги українських меценатів

ÌÅÖÅÍÀÒ MAECENAS

öåíàò³â âèñòàâêè «Çîëîòî ñê³ô³â ³ç ñòàðîäàâíüî¿ Óêðà¿íè» â Êîðîë³âñüêîìó ìóçå¿ Îíòàð³î (åêñïîçèö³ÿ ãîòóâàëàñÿ ê³ëüêà ðîê³â ³ ñòàëà ñåðéîçíîþ êóëüòóðíîþ ïîä³ºþ â Êàíàä³). Òåìåðòåé áóâ ãîëîâîþ ñïåö³àëüíîãî êîì³òåòó, ùî çàáåçïå÷óâàâ ô³íàíñóâàííÿ âñ³õ óðî÷èñòîñòåé, ïîâ’ÿçàíèõ ç³ ñâÿòêóâàííÿì 100-ð³÷íîãî þâ³ëåþ ïîñåëåííÿ óêðà¿íö³â ó Êàíàä³. Â³í º ÷ëåíîì íàãëÿäîâî¿ ðàäè Á³çíåñøêîëè ïðè Êèºâî-Ìîãèëÿíñüê³é àêàäåì³¿. Äîáðå ïàì’ÿòàþ, ÿê óïåðøå ïî÷óâ îä íüîãî ïðî öþ ³äåþ. Ïàí Òåìåðòåé äàâ ñâî¿ êîøòè äëÿ ðåàë³çàö³¿ öüîãî çàäóìó, äîïîì³ã çîðãàí³çóâàòè ô³íàíñè â³ä ³íøèõ á³çíåñìåí³â òà êîðïîðàö³é, ï³ä³áðàâ â³äïîâ³äíèõ äëÿ òàêî¿ ñïðàâè ëþäåé – ³ çàäóì ñòàâ ðåàëüí³ñòþ. Ãàäàþ, ùî òî – îñîáëèâî ïîêàçîâèé äëÿ éîãî ä³ÿëüíîñò³ åï³çîä. Â³í ÿñêðàâî õàðàêòåðèçóº «ïî÷åðê» Òåìåðòåÿ, éîãî ï³äõîäè äî ðîçâ’ÿçàííÿ ò³º¿ ÷è ò³º¿ ïðîáëåìè. Ê³ëüêà ðîê³â òîìó â³í âèñëîâèâ ³äåþ âèäàòè àíãë³éñüêîþ ìîâîþ àòëàñ «Ãåîëîã³ÿ ³ êîðèñí³ êîïàëèíè Óêðà¿íè». Öüîìó â³í íàäàº âåëèêîãî çíà÷åííÿ, áî àòëàñ ìàº ïîêàçàòè àíãëîìîâíèì ÷èòà÷àì: ïîäèâ³òüñÿ, ÿêà áàãàòà Óêðà¿íà, îñü ÿê³ âîíà ìàº êîðèñí³ êîïàëèíè. Îòæå, º âñ³ ðåçîíè ³íâåñòóâàòè ¿¿ åêîíîì³êó. Öå ñïðàâä³ âèã³äíî äëÿ ³íâåñòîð³â. ², äîäàìî â³ä ñåáå, âèã³äíî äëÿ Óêðà¿íè. Òîð³ê íàðåøò³ â³äáóëàñÿ ïðåçåíòàö³ÿ àòëàñó. Éîãî âèäàíî óêðà¿íñüêîþ (ìåöåíàò âèäàííÿ – Ñåðã³é Òàðóòà) é àíãë³éñüêîþ (àòëàñ ïîáà÷èâ ñâ³ò ó âèäàâíèöòâ³ Òîðîíòñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó; ìåöåíàò éîãî – Êîñòÿíòèí Òåìåðòåé). Ùå îäíå ñâ³ä÷åííÿ ñèñòåìíîãî ï³äõîäó ïàíà Òåìåðòåÿ äî ðåàë³çàö³¿ ³äå¿. Áóâàþòü âèïàäêè, êîëè ò³ëüêè ñïðàâà õàðàêòåðèçóº ëþäèíó íå ìåíøå, àí³æ ñëîâà ïðî íå¿. Êîëè ñàìå öÿ ëþäèíà âçÿëàñÿ çà ñàìå öþ ñïðàâó ³ ñàìå îñü ó òàêèé ñïîñ³á ¿¿ âèêîíàëà. Îòæå, çðîáëåíî – ³ öèì ñêàçàíî. Òåìåðòåé ìàº ùå ö³ëó íèçêó áëàãîä³éíèõ ïðîåêò³â ³ ãðîìàäñüêèõ ïîñàä. Â³í, íàïðèêëàä, äèðåêòîð Êàíàäñüêî¿ ôóíäàö³¿ ïñèõ³àòðè÷íèõ äîñë³äæåíü, ãîëîâà îï³êóíñüêî¿ ðàäè Êîðîë³âñüêîãî ìóçåþ Îíòàð³î. Öå – ò³ëüêè ãîëîâí³, ïðî ³íø³ (òàêîæ ìàñøòàáí³ é àâòîðèòåòí³) íå ïèøó, áî öå íå äîêëàäíèé çâ³ò, à ñëîâî ïðî âðàæåííÿ â³ä ö³º¿ îñîáèñòîñò³, ÿêà äèâóº òèì, ùî ìàº òàëàíò ñò³ëüêè âñòèãàòè. À ùå òàëàíò – ëèøàòèñÿ óêðà¿íöåì. Öå â íüîãî – íåâèë³êîâíå é íåçì³ííå. ßê ãðóïà êðîâ³. Òàëàíò ñïðàâä³ óí³êàëüíèé.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

A talent to remain a Ukrainian An exhibition of Tripillja culture was opened in Canada. An important role in this project belongs to James Constantine Temerty, the holder of the Order of Canada, the owner of the Medal of Petro Mohyla and a maecenas.

1950 р. Темертеї уперше ступають на канадську землю. Галіфакс 1950. The Temertys’ first step on Canadian soil. Halifax

Mykhailo SLABOSHPYTSKYY Prose writer, critic, scholar in literature, publicist and public figure, Co-Chairman of Coordination Council of the International Contest of Ukrainian Language named after P. Yatsyk, since 2006 – Secretary of the Council of the National Writers Association of Ukraine. The prize-winner of the national reward of Ukraine named after Taras Shevchenko (2005).

t seems that he is the only one, who had to carry on this project, real Ukrainian James Temerty, a man who is never busy with small business. Ten years ago he had the wardship of the exhibition of the Scythian gold from the Ukrainian museums, which took part in the Royal museum of Ontario and became a really resonating cultural event.

Now preparation to another even more large-scale event is completed. «Ancient Ukraine: mystery of the Tripillja culture» – such posters will call everybody to the Royal museum of Ontario in November this year. The idea of this exhibition came to a head already in 2005 in a conversation between the President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko and the famous Canadian businessman and sponsor James Temerty. The President repeatedly said that we need to acquaint the world with the Tripillja culture; that this would tell a lot about Ukrainians, – the spiritual inheritors of this culture. Such an exhibition in the Northern Americas can become a window to our past. James Temerty graduated from the Konkordija University in Montreal, where he gained a bachelor’s degree of

ДО РЕЧІ CANADIAN ORDER TO A UKRAINIAN MAECENAS James Constantine Temerty is one of the most famous Ukrainians not only in Canada, but in the world Ukrainian Diaspora. He is also well known in Ukraine. A list of his titles and posts would take a lot of place here. It is enough to say that Mr.Temerty is a head of a managing committee and owner of a big company «Northland Power Inc.», head of the Tutorial council of the Ontario Royal museum (Temerty’s foundation donated a million dollars to the museum this year). He also did a lot for Ukraine as a counselor of the President of Ukraine in foreign investment. It is difficult to name a large-scale Ukrainian project in Canada, which didn’t have his financial support. We are proud that Mr.Temerty was honored with the highest governmental award of Canada – the Order of Canada. Only a few Ukrainians were rewarded with it for the time of its existence (starting with 1967, when it appeared). As we found out, 800 people were nominated for the Order of Canada this year and only certain candidates got it. James Temerty was among them. From the information message of the Ukrainian sponsors League’s press service

the humanities. If you don’t know that he is a businessman and the theme of conversation would be, for example, history of Ukraine, archeology, fine arts, you will perceive him as a person from the cultural sphere. I had such a first impression of him on the holiday of the Ukrainian language in Toronto, he was talking about vocal art and he told me how he invited the soloist of the capital opera Valentina Stepova to Toronto and what a great success she had had there. He started to talk with Jarik about business much later (and, to the point, they were talking about it as artists talk about art). Apparently, he feels himself confident both among business people, who present the world of enterprise, where they usually talk in the language of numbers and among people of art or education. All this is organically and indissolubly interweaved in his destiny. His track record also distinctly affirms all this.

Firstly, let’s talk about the world of business. James Temerty occupied the highest posts in IBM in Canada and USA for fifteen years. He owned and managed the world’s biggest private network of shops «Computerland» before the foundation of the company «Northland Power Inc.». Temerty is a manager and owner of the controlling interest of one of the biggest intercessory firms on the North American continent, which sells software for personal computers and equipment. This company is represented in the 32 biggest cities of the USA and Canada and its shares were put into circulation through the Toronto stock exchange. The previously mentioned company «Northland Power Inc.» owns and operates four electric power stations in Canada and the total electric and heat power, set in the whole world reaches 1000 mega watt. An electric power station with total set power of 300 mega watts is situated in Northern Ontario. These are not all his posts in the business world. You can continue counting them. I will name one more, connected with Ukraine. The Canadian businessman is a member of the Consultative council of foreign investments under the President of our country. It is no coincidence that Petro Jacik has invited him to the League of Ukrainian sponsors, and to the post of one of the directors of his Educational foundation (Mr. Temerty stayed there before the start-up of his own foundation). Only those who are already sponsors can be invited to the League of Ukrainian sponsors, as it is written in its statute. They say the following to such person: «Do us an honour – become a member of our club, we will be proud of your presence in it.» This was written on the invitation card to the club for James Temerty. And this is not only a tribute to etiquette, because he is really one of the most famous Ukrainian sponsors in the whole of Northern America. His track record isn’t less authoritative here, then the posts’ register in the business world. He has been a director of the Symphony orchestra in Toronto for a long time (this is a person who looks after the financial existence of the art collective). He also took care of an exhibition «Scythian’s gold from ancient Ukraine» in the Royal museum of

Ontario and was one of its sponsors (this exhibition had been prepared for a few years and became a serious cultural event in Canada). Mr. Temerty was the head of a special committee, which ensured the financing of all solemnities, connected with the celebration of the 100 years anniversary of the Ukrainians settling in Canada. He is also a member of the supervisory board under the Kyiv-Mohyla academy. I remember the day when he told me about this idea. Mr. Temerty gave his own money to realize this idea, helped to organize financing from other businessmen and corporations, selected people, appropriate to this affair and finally, this idea became a reality. I think that this episode was especially demonstrative of his activity. It brightly describes Temerty‘s «script», his methods of approach to the solving of one or another problem. A few years ago he gave an idea to publish an atlas «Geology and mineral resources of Ukraine in English». He attaches great importance to this, because this atlas has to show English readers – Ukraine is very rich, here are mineral resources that she has. It is really advantageously for investors. And we think that it is advantageous for Ukraine. The presentation of this atlas finally happened last year. It was published in Ukrainian (Sergij Taruta is a sponsor of publishing) and English (the atlas was published by the Toronto university; its sponsor is James Temerty). This is more evidence of Mr. Temerty’s systematic approach to the realization of his ideas. Sometimes deeds characterize person not less, than the words about him. It happens when a person gets down exactly to this business and did it in exactly this way. Mr. Temerty has some more charitable projects and public posts. For example, he is a director of the Canadian foundation of psychiatric investigations and head of the governors board of the Ontario Royal museum. These are only the main ones, I don’t write about the rest (also large-scale and authoritative), because this is not a detailed report, but a word about impression from this person, who amazes with a talent to succeed in so many activities. And he has one more talent, to stay a Ukrainian. It is incurable and unchangeable. Like a blood group. It is a very unique talent.

ÇÄÎÐÎÂ’ß HEALTH

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Светлана СКОПИЧЕНКО, директор Представительства компании Солвей Фарма в Украине, кандидат медицинских наук, магистр бизнес-администрирования Svitlana SKOPYCHENKO, the General Manager of Ukrainian Branch Office Solvay Pharmaceuticals GmbH, M. D., Ph. D., MBA

On health guard Solvay Pharma is a group of pharmaceutical companies, having subsidiaries in more than 45 countries. Solvay Pharma is an acknowledged leader in cardiology, gastroenterology, psychiatrics, gynaecology and immunology. The company holds a leading position in the world production of medicines for hormone replacement therapy, dizziness treatment, antidepressants, tryptic enzymes…

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Разумный человек, если заболеет, то предпочтет обратиться за помощью к специалисту c хорошими рекомендациями. Так же поступит и c лекарствами, доверяя свое здоровье, а часто и жизнь, производителям c мировым именем. Именно к таким относится Солвей Фарма – группа фармацевтических компаний, имеющая филиалы более чем в 45 странах. Солвей Фарма является признанным лидером в кардиологии, гастроэнтерологии, психиатрии, гинекологии и иммунологии. Занимает ведущие позиции в мировом производстве препаратов для гормонозаместительной терапии, препаратов для лечения головокружения, антидепрессантов, ферментов поджелудочной железы... Мы беседуем c директором Представительства компании Солвей Фарма в Украине, c кандидатом медицинских наук, магистром бизнес-администрирования – Светланой Скопиченко. Конечно, в разговоре мы затронули тему гриппа и прививок. Но начали беседу все же c иной проблемы… – Ñâåòëàíà Âàñèëüåâíà, ñ 9 ïî 15 íîÿáðÿ Åâðîïåéñêàÿ àññîöèàöèÿ ïî ìóêîâèñöèäîçó ïðîâîäèëà ïåðâóþ Åâðîïåéñêóþ íåäåëþ ïî îçíàêîìëåíèþ ñ ýòèì çàáîëåâàíèåì. Íî âñå ðàâíî èíôîðìàöèè îá ýòîì íåäóãå ïîêà êðàéíå íåäîñòàòî÷íî. Íà âàø âçãëÿä, ÷òî èìåííî äîëæíû îáÿçàòåëüíî çíàòü ëþäè î ìóêîâèñöèäîçå?

çâîëÿþùèì ñïðàâèòüñÿ ñ íåäóãîì è ïîïðîñòó «âûæèòü» òàêîìó ïàöèåíòó. Ïîýòîìó Êðåîí âêëþ÷åí â ñòàíäàðòû òåðàïèè ìóêîâèñöèäîçà âî ìíîãèõ ñòðàíàõ ìèðà, â òîì ÷èñëå, è â Óêðàèíå. Îäíàêî â íàøåé ñòðàíå, êàê èçâåñòíî, îò òîãî, ÷òî íàïèñàíî íà áóìàãå, äî ðåàëèé ïóòü èíîãäà î÷åíü äàëüíèé...

– Ìóêîâèñöèäîç – íàñëåäñòâåííîå çàáîëåâàíèå, êîòîðîå ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ òåì, ÷òî ïðàêòè÷åñêè ñ ñàìîãî ðîæäåíèÿ ó ðåáåíêà èç-çà ãåíåòè÷åñêîãî äåôåêòà âûðàáàòûâàåìûå ñåêðåòû èìåþò î÷åíü âÿçêóþ êîíñèñòåíöèþ. Ýòî â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðè÷èíîé çàêóïîðêè âÿçêèì ñåêðåòîì ïðåæäå âñåãî ëåãêèõ è ïîäæåëóäî÷íîé æåëåçû. Âñå ýòî ïðèâîäèò ê òîìó, ÷òî òàêèå äåòè êðàéíå òÿæåëî ïåðåíîñÿò ëþáûå, äàæå ñàìûå íåçíà÷èòåëüíûå ðåñïèðàòîðíûå çàáîëåâàíèÿ. Ñèëüíî ñòðàäàåò ïîäæåëóäî÷íàÿ æåëåçà. Â ñâÿçè ñ òåì, ÷òî âÿçêèé ñåêðåò çàêóïîðèâàåò âûâîäíûå ïðîòîêè æåëåçû, â êèøå÷íèê íå ïîñòóïàåò äîñòàòî÷íîãî êîëè÷åñòâà ôåðìåíòîâ, íåîáõîäèìûõ äëÿ ïåðåâàðèâàíèÿ ïèùè. Â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü, íå ïåðåâàðåííàÿ ïèùà íå èìååò âîçìîæíîñòè ïîñòóïèòü â êðîâü, òî åñòü îðãàíèçì õðîíè÷åñêè íåäîïîëó÷àåò ïèòàòåëüíûå âåùåñòâà, ðàçâèâàåòñÿ íàðóøåíèå ïèùåâàðåíèÿ ó ðåáåíêà. È îí íà÷èíàåò îòñòàâàòü â ðîñòå è ðàçâèòèè. Åñëè íå âîñïîëíèòü ýòîò äåôèöèò ôåðìåíòîâ, áîëüíîé ðåáåíîê âðÿä ëè ñìîæåò äîæèòü äàæå äî 15-18 ëåò. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, áåç àäåêâàòíîé êîìïåíñàöèè ôåðìåíòíîãî äåôèöèòà êà÷åñòâåííûì ôåðìåíòíûì ïðåïàðàòîì (Êðåîíîì) òàêèå äåòè ïîãèáàþò åùå â ìëàäøåì âîçðàñòå. Èìåííî Êðåîí ÿâëÿåòñÿ æèçíåííî-íåîáõîäèìûì ïðåïàðàòîì, ïî-

– Ïîìèìî ýòîãî çàáîëåâàíèÿ, êîãäà åùå ïðîïèñûâàþò Êðåîí? – Êîíå÷íî æå, ìóêîâèñöèäîç ÿâëÿåòñÿ íå åäèíñòâåííûì ïîêàçàíèåì ê íàçíà÷åíèþ Êðåîíà. Ïîñêîëüêó Êðåîí íà ñåãîäíÿøíèé äåíü îáùåïðèçíàííî ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûñîêîýôôåêòèâíûì ôåðìåíòíûì ïðåïàðàòîì, åäèíñòâåííûì ïàíêðåàòèíîì, èìåþùèì îäîáðåíèå ñàìîé ñòðîãîé ôàðìàöåâòè÷åñêîé êîíòðîëèðóþùåé îðãàíèçàöèè (FDA – Food and drug Administration of USA) àáñîëþòíî åñòåñòâåííûì ÿâëÿåòñÿ òîò ôàêò, ÷òî Êðåîí ñåãîäíÿ – ñàìûé íàçíà÷àåìûé ôåðìåíòíûé ïðåïàðàò â ìèðå. Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ îí ïðè ëþáûõ ñîñòîÿíèÿõ è çàáîëåâàíèÿõ, ïðè êîòîðûõ ó ïàöèåíòà ìîæåò ðàçâèâàòüñÿ âíåøíåñåêðåòîðíàÿ íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòü ïîäæåëóäî÷íîé æåëåçû. Ýòî è õðîíè÷åñêèå ïàíêðåàòèòû, è ñîñòîÿíèÿ ïîñëå îïåðàòèâíûõ âìåøàòåëüñòâ, êàê íà ïîäæåëóäî÷íîé æåëåçå, òàê è íà äðóãèõ îðãàíàõ æåëóäî÷íî-êèøå÷íîãî òðàêòà, è çàáîëåâàíèÿ êèøå÷íèêà, è öåëûé ðÿä äðóãèõ ìåíåå ñåðüåçíûõ çàáîëåâàíèé. È äàæå ïðè òàêîì áàíàëüíîì ñîñòîÿíèè, êàê îáû÷íîå ïåðååäàíèå, ãîðàçäî ýôôåêòèâíåå è áåçîïàñíåå ïðèíÿòü Êðåîí, íåæåëè íàâÿçàííûå òåëå– è ðàäèî-ýôèðîì ôåðìåíòíûå ïðåïàðàòû, çà÷àñòóþ èìåþùèå êðàéíå ñîìíèòåëüíîå êà÷åñòâî.

îáÿçàòåëüíîé âàêöèíàöèè ñåçîííûìè âàêöèíàìè. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, âûñêàçûâàíèÿ íåêîòîðûõ «ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé» îò ìåäèöèíû â ÑÌÈ íàíåñëè óðîí ïðîöåññó âàêöèíàöèè â öåëîì. Ìîå ìíåíèå – íà ìåäèöèíñêèå òåìû äîëæíû ãîâîðèòü âðà÷è. È òîëüêî âðà÷ áåðåò íà ñåáÿ ïðàâî ðåøàòü: ïðîâîäèòü âàêöèíàöèþ êîíêðåòíîìó ïàöèåíòó, èëè íåò. – Â ïðîäîëæåíèè ïðåäûäóùåãî âîïðîñà: ãëàâíûå ïëþñû âàêöèíû Èíôëóâàê? Ñóùåñòâóþò ëè ìèíóñû? Åñëè – äà, òî êàêèå?

В офисе Солвей Фарма. Слева-направо: С.В. Скопиченко, Н.В. Скопиченко, Леня Войцехович с мамой Ириной и О. Бойчук – Ñåé÷àñ î÷åíü àêòóàëüíà òåìà ÎÐÇ è ÎÐÂÈ. À, íàñêîëüêî íàì èçâåñòíî, èìåííî êîìïàíèÿ Ñîëâåé Ôàðìà ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò îäíó èç ñàìûõ äåéñòâåííûõ âàêöèí ïðîòèâ ãðèïïà – Èíôëóâàê. Ëþáîé ëè æåëàþùèé ìîæåò ïðèîáðåñòè âàêöèíó èëè ñóùåñòâóþò îãðàíè÷åíèÿ? Åñëè – äà, òî êàêèå èìåííî?

òèâ ãðèïïà ïðîâîäÿòñÿ íåêîòîðûìè ÷àñòíûìè è ãîñóäàðñòâåííûìè êëèíèêàìè. Ïðîòèâîïîêàçàíèåì ê âàêöèíàöèè ÿâëÿåòñÿ àëëåðãèÿ íà êóðèíûé áåëîê, àíòèáèîòèêè è äðóãèå êîìïîíåíòû ïðåïàðàòà. Íå äåëàåòñÿ ïðèâèâêà ëèöàì ñ âûñîêîé òåìïåðàòóðîé è èíôåêöèîííûì çàáîëåâàíèåì.

– Ïðåäñòàâèòåëüñòâî êîìïàíèè Ñîëâåé Ôàðìàöåóòèêàëç óæå 11 ëåò ïîäíèìàåò ïðîáëåìó âàêöèíàöèè ïðîòèâ ãðèïïà â íàøåé ñòðàíå. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, äîêóìåíòû, êîòîðûå ñóùåñòâîâàëè ëèøü íà áóìàãå, íå èìåëè ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ïîääåðæêè. Òàêàÿ ïîëèòèêà ïðèâåëà ê îãðàíè÷åíèþ ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿìè ââîçà â Óêðàèíó âàêöèí ïðîòèâ ãðèïïà è âàêöèíàöèè âñåãî 0,5% íàñåëåíèÿ. Íóæíî îòìåòèòü, ÷òî äâà ãîäà ïîäðÿä èç ââîçèìûõ âàêöèí èñïîëüçóåòñÿ âñåãî 74%. ÂÎÇ ïðèçûâàåò ê åæåãîäíîé âàêöèíàöèè ïðîòèâ ñåçîííîãî ãðèïïà 75% íàñåëåíèÿ èç ãðóïï ðèñêà. Ñþäà âõîäÿò äåòè ñ 6-è ìåñÿ÷íîãî âîçðàñòà è øêîëüíèêè, ëèöà ñ õðîíè÷åñêèìè çàáîëåâàíèÿìè, èììóíîäåôèöèòàìè, ìåäèöèíñêèå ðàáîòíèêè, âîåííîñëóæàùèå, ðàáîòíèêè òðàíñïîðòà è ò.ä. Âñå ýòè ãðóïïû âûäåëåíû â íàøåì Íàöèîíàëüíîì êàëåíäàðå ïðèâèâîê (ïðèêàç ¹48), íî êàê ðåêîìåíäîâàííûå. Òîëüêî â íûíåøíåì ãîäó ïðèíÿòà «Çàãàëüíîäåðæàâíà ïðîãðàìà ³ìóíîïðîô³ëàêòèêè íàñåëåííÿ â³ä ³íôåêö³éíèõ õâîðîá íà 2009-2010 ðîêè», êîòîðîé ïðåäóñìîòðåíà âàêöèíàöèÿ 75% íàñåëåíèÿ èç ãðóïï ðèñêà çà ñ÷åò ãîñóäàðñòâà. ×òî êàñàåòñÿ âòîðîé ÷àñòè âàøåãî âîïðîñà – âàêöèíèðîâàòüñÿ íóæíî â ìåäèöèíñêîì ó÷ðåæäåíèè, îáÿçàòåëüíî ïîñëå êîíñóëüòàöèè âðà÷à, â êàáèíåòå âàêöèíàöèè. Òàêæå ïðèâèâêè ïðî-

– Óâû, íî î÷åíü ìíîãèå ñ íàñòîðîæåííîñòüþ îòíîñÿòñÿ ê âàêöèíàöèè, êàê òàêîâîé. Ñåé÷àñ íåêîòîðûå ìàìû ñîçíàòåëüíî îòêàçûâàþòñÿ äàæå îò ñòàíäàðòíîãî íàáîðà ïðèâèâîê äëÿ ñâîèõ ìàëûøåé. Âàøå ìíåíèå ïî ýòîìó ïîâîäó? – Âàêöèíàöèÿ – ýòî åäèíñòâåííûé íàäåæíûé ìåòîä áîðüáû ñ èíôåêöèîííûìè çàáîëåâàíèÿìè. Áëàãîäàðÿ åé èñêîðåíåíû òàêèå çàáîëåâàíèÿ, êàê îñïà, ïîëèîìèåëèò. Îòêàçûâàÿñü îò âàêöèíàöèè, ðîäèòåëè äîëæíû, ïðåæäå âñåãî, äóìàòü î áóäóùåì ñâîåãî ðåáåíêà. Âñïîìíèòå, êîãäà â 90-å ãîäû áûëè îòêàçû îò ÀÊÄÑ, è âîçíèêëà ýïèäåìèÿ äèôòåðèè â ñòðàíå: áûñòðî âñå ïîáåæàëè âàêöèíèðîâàòüñÿ. Â îòíîøåíèè ãðèïïà… Âîçüìèòå, ê ïðèìåðó, Ïîëüøó – ñòðàíà ïî ÷èñëåííîñòè íàñåëåíèÿ ïðèáëèæàþùàÿñÿ ê Óêðàèíå, íàø áëèæàéøèé ñîñåä – çàáîëåâàåìîñòü ãðèïïîì âñåãî íåñêîëüêî ñîò òûñÿ÷ è îäèí ñìåðòíûé ñëó÷àé. À ÷òî ó íàñ? Åæåäíåâíûå ñâîäêè íîâîñòåé ãîâîðÿò ñàìè çà ñåáÿ! Áëèçëåæàùèå ãîñóäàðñòâà çàêðûëè ïåøèå ïåðåõîäû è ðåêîìåíäóþò âîçäåðæàòüñÿ îò ïîåçäîê â Óêðàèíó. Òàê ìîæíî îñòàòüñÿ â ñàíèòàðíîé èçîëÿöèè. Òåïåðü ìû â ñðî÷íîì ïîðÿäêå íà÷èíàåì ñ÷èòàòü ïîòðåáíîñòü â âàêöèíå äëÿ ãðóïï ðèñêà! À ÂÎÇ åùå â èþëå ìåñÿöå òåêóùåãî ãîäà âûäåëèëà êàòåãîðèè íàñåëåíèÿ, ïîäëåæàùèå

– Âàêöèíà Èíôëóâàê – åäèíñòâåííàÿ ñóáúåäèíè÷íàÿ âàêöèíà ïðîòèâ ãðèïïà â Óêðàèíå, íå ñîäåðæàùàÿ êîíñåðâàíò è èììóíîìîäóëÿòîðû, â èíäèâèäóàëüíîì øïðèöå. ×òî òàêîå ñóáúåäèíè÷íàÿ âàêöèíà? Ýòî ïîñëåäíåå ïîêîëåíèå âàêöèí, ÷òî ñîäåðæàò òîëüêî òå êîìïîíåíòû, êîòîðûå íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ñïîñîáñòâóþò âûðàáîòêå èììóííîãî îòâåòà â îðãàíèçìå. Âàêöèíà Èíôëóâàê – õîðîøî èññëåäîâàíà. Å¸ ýôôåêòèâíîñòü è áåçîïàñíîñòü äîêàçàíà ó 40 000 âàêöèíèðóåìûõ, â ìèðå – ó 250 ìëí. Çà 11 ëåò â Óêðàèíå âàêöèíîé Èíôëóâàê ïðîâàêöèíèðîâàíî áîëåå 3 ìëí ÷åëîâåê. Åñëè Âû ìåíÿ ñïðîñèòå âàêöèíèðóþñü ëè ÿ îò ãðèïïà è êàêîé âàêöèíîé? Îòâåò: «Äà, óæå ìíîãèå ãîäû – ñåáÿ è ÷ëåíîâ ñâîåé ñåìüè âàêöèíîé Èíôëóâàê». – Íàñêîëüêî ïðàâèòåëüñòâî Óêðàèíû ïîìîãàåò (ìåøàåò) ðàáîòå Âàøåé êîìïàíèè? – Çäåñü ñëîæíî ñêàçàòü ïîìîãàåò èëè ìåøàåò ðàáîòå êîìïàíèè. Âîïðîñû, êîòîðûå ïîäíèìàëèñü âûøå – ýòî çäîðîâüå íàñåëåíèÿ Óêðàèíû. Åñëè ñ 2005 ãîäà íàìè íåîäíîêðàòíî ïèñàëèñü ïèñüìà î âîçìîæíîñòè çàêàçàòü ïàíäåìè÷åñêóþ âàêöèíó äëÿ Óêðàèíû íà ñëó÷àé âîçíèêíîâåíèÿ ïàíäåìèè ãðèïïà. Îòâåò íå áûë ïîëó÷åí. Åæåãîäíî ïîäíèìàëñÿ âîïðîñ î íåîáõîäèìîñòè âàêöèíàöèè ãðóïï ðèñêà ïðîòèâ ãðèïïà – ïðèõîäèëè îäíè îòïèñêè. Óæå íà ïðîòÿæåíèè 8-9 ëåò ìû ïîìîãàåì äåòÿì áîëüíûì ìóêîâèñöèäîçîì. È íèêîãî, êòî çàíèìàëñÿ ýòèìè âîïðîñàìè â íàøåé êîìïàíèè, äàííàÿ òåìà íå îñòàâëÿåò ðàâíîäóøíûì. Òàêèõ ïðèìåðîâ ìîæíî ïðèâåñòè ìíîãî. Äà, ýòî âñå – ðàáîòà êîìïàíèè, íî íàïðàâëåíà îíà íà áëàãî âñåõ ëþäåé.

КОНТАКТЫ Адрес: 04114, Украина, г. Киев, ул. Вышгородская, 63 Тел.: + (38 044) 224-53-00, 224-53-02, 224-53-03 Факс: + (38 044) 224-53-01 E-mail: solvay@solvay.kiev.ua Web: solvay-pharma.com.ua

ДУХОВНІСТЬ ОСВІТА education spirituality

Тернопільський національний економічний університет – альма-матер економічної еліти України Авторитет ТНЕУ напрацьовано роками. Вищий навчальний заклад визнала національна та міжнародна освітня, наукова спільнота. Університет – справжній осередок наукового пошуку, пізнання та мудрості, творчого духу, новаторства та реалізації студентських мрій.

ІМІДЖ UA 4(9)2009

ду. Щороку проводяться всеукраїнські та міжнародні конференції, семінари та круглі столи, на яких науковці працюють над розв’язанням актуальних проблем сьогодення у сфері економіки.

ТНЕУ – член міжнародних організацій

Вчена рада університету Scientific Council of the University

ТНЕУ: нам є чим пишатися! Історія ТНЕУ вимірюється десятиріччями. Заснований 1966 року вищий навчальний заклад з кожним роком зміцнює свої позиції на українському та європейському освітніх ринках. Сьогодні ТНЕУ — це багатогалузевий навчальний науковий комплекс, що об’єднує 13 факультетів (фінансів, банківського бізнесу, аграрної економіки і менеджменту, міжнародного бізнесу та менеджменту, економіки і управління, обліку і аудиту, комп’ютерних інформаційних технологій, Українсько-нідерлан дський факультет економіки та менеджменту, Українсько-німецький економічний факультет, юридичний, факультет довузівської, післядипломної та магістерської підготовки, Нововолинський факультет, Самбірський факультет прикладного програмного забезпечення) і 3 інститути, що готують фахівців за 9 напрямами, 21 спеціальністю, 46 спеціалізаціями, 68 кафедр, навчально-консультаційні центри. Загалом, різними формами навчання в університеті охоплено 28792 студенти.

Науковці можуть здійснювати свої дослідження в аспірантурі з 4 напрямів, 16 спеціальностей та в докторантурі з 4 спеціальностей. В університеті діють 3 спеціалізовані Вчені ради із захисту кандидатських та 2 спеціалізовані Вчені ради із захисту докторських дисертацій. Професорсько-викладацький колектив ТНЕУ налічує 1134 особи, серед яких – 64 доктори наук, професори, 474 кандидати наук, доценти, 4 заслужених працівників народної освіти України, 4 заслужених діячів науки і техніки України, заслужений юрист України, 5 відмінників освіти України; 38 викладачів є дійсними членами, 15 – членами-кореспондентами галузевих академій наук України, 3 заслужених винахідники України, заслужений працівник освіти України, заслужений майстер спорту України, заслужений тренер України, 2 заслужених працівники культури України, 18 майстрів спорту України. Дві третини кафедр очолюють доктори наук, діє 9 наукових шкіл. Науковці університету своїми вагомими здобутками та досягненнями формують позитивний імідж вищого навчального закла-

Підписання угоди про співпрацю між ТНЕУ та Дрезденським технічним університетом The signing ceremony of the cooperation agreement between TNEU and Dzerzhynskyy Technical University

2007 року ТНЕУ вступив до Європейської асоціації університетів – найбільшої європейської університетської структури, однієї з ключових інституцій, що скеровує та реалізовує завдання Болонського процесу в країнах Європи. Eксперти Європейської асоціації університетів у 2009 році провели у ТНЕУ експертизу діяльності. Пройшовши міжнародну акредитацію, університет підтвердив, що є гідним партнером світової освітянської спільноти. Торік ТНЕУ приєднався до Великої хартії університетів – міжнародної асоціації, що утверджує основні цінності, права та обов’язки університету як ключової інституції суспільства. Все це ознака того, що ТНЕУ є повноправним членом міжнародного освітянського простору і своїми вагомими досягненнями формує позитивний імідж нашої країни. Це відкриває чимало нових можливостей для студентів, викладачів, науковців.

Співпраця університету з іноземними вищими навчальними закладами та її результати ТНЕУ тісно співпрацює з провідними навчальними закладами Канади, США, Великої Британії, Швеції, Фінляндії, Німеччини, Польщі, Болгарії, Франції, Нідерландів, Данії, Греції, Китаю, Словаччини, Італії, Іспанії, Ірландії, Російської Федерації, Швейцарії, Австрії, Білорусі та інших країн. Університет – єдиний український нестоличний вищий навчальний заклад, що має свою філію закордоном – у столиці Вірменії Єревані, де навчаються студенти українського походження. Вона успішно конкурує на кавказькому ринку освітніх послуг з університетами США, Франції, Росії. Активна міжнародна співпраця ТНЕУ з іноземними університетами полягає у створенні Україно-нідерландського й Україно-німецького факультетів та в запровадженні спільно з зарубіжними партнерами програм: Українськопольської програми фінансів і страхування, Англомовної програми з міжнародної економіки, Українсько-американської програми з комп’ютерних наук, Школи польського і європейського права, програми «Підготовка спеціалістів сільського господарства і фермерів». Щороку майже 100 студентів проходять короткотермінове навчання у закордонних вищих навчальних закладах. Молодь набуває досвіду в Орхуській школі бізнесу (Данія), Університеті

ДУХОВНІСТЬ ОСВІТА education spirituality

прикладних наук м. Відня (Австрія), у Познанській економічній академії та Академії економічній ім. Оскара Ланге (Республіка Польща), у Школі міжнародного бізнесу м. Йонкопінга (Швеція), Інституті міжнародної торгівлі м. Дюнкерка (Франція). Науковці факультету комп’ютерних інформаційних технологій спільно з провідними університетами Болгарії, Литви, Німеччини, Туреччини виконують 4 науково-дослідні проекти в галузі інформаційних технологій та 7 міжнародних освітніх проектів за рахунок коштів міжнародних освітніх організацій, програм та фондів, що містять наукову складову. Факультет міжнародного бізнесу і менеджменту спільно з Дрезденським технічним університетом та Університетом м. Штутгарта (Німеччина) реалізували проект «Розвиток стратегії міжнародної мобільності українських студентів з використанням можливостей кредитно-модульної системи».

Ternopil National Economic University – the Alma Mater of the Ukrainian economic elite TNEU’s (Ternopil National Economiс University) reputation has been proven and tested by countless years of success. This higher educational establishment is acknowledged by national and international educational and scientific authorities. The university is a real merger of scientific inquiry, wisdom, cognitive perception, creative spirit, and innovation which results in the fulfillment of students’ cherished dreams. TNEU has reasons to be proud of its accomplishments

Випускники ТНЕУ легко працевлаштовуються Випускники університету легко працевлаштовуються. У навчальному закладі функціонує Центр працевлаштування, що допомагає студентам знайти своє місце роботи у перспективній фірмі, організації, на підприємстві. Студенти ТНЕУ проходять практику в зарубіжних організаціях і установах у рамках Програми APOLLO (ФРН), Програми «Agrosmpuls» (Швейцарія) та навчально-практичного проекту для молодих менеджерів з агропромислового комплексу України (Університет Гессен, фірма «CLAAS», Німеччина). Для слухачів Школи польського та європейського права практика проводиться на юридичних фірмах Республіки Польща. Тому не дивно, що колишні студенти вищого навчального закладу працевлаштувалися не лише в Україні, а й закордоном – у США, Німеччині, Франції, Великій Британії, Данії, Англії, Польщі та інших країнах. Диплом ТНЕУ визнають європейські кадрові агентства, компанії, університети.

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Several decades of history comprise what is now known as TNEU. From the time it was founded in 1966 this higher educational establishment has been strengthening its position on the Ukrainian and European scene. TNEU consists of 3 institutes: the Vinnitsa Institute of Economics, the IvanoFrankivsk Institute of Management, and the Chortkiv Institute of Entrepreneurship and Business. These Institutes are responsible for training students in nine fields of study, 22 spheres of expertise, and 46 specializations. The total number of TNEU students has reached as high as 30,000. Sixty-eight departments are functioning at this university. There are opportunities to use the services of the European and International Studies’ Center and the Educational Consulting centers. The consulting centers have been open to serve the interests of near-graduates. The scientists can carry out their research work in a post-graduate sphere of four fields, 16 specializations... and they can get their Doctorate degree in 4 spe-

cializations. Three Learned Councils specialize in evaluating the candidates’ work and two Learned Councils are occupied with assessing the Doctoral dissertations. The professorial and teaching university staff is a well-organized team devoted to helping students fully master their chosen sphere of expertise. Among the teaching staff there are 46 Doctors of Science, professors, 448 Candidates of Science, senior lectures, 4 nationally honored workers in the Educational field, 4 nationally honored workers of Science and Technology of Ukraine, one nationally honored lawyer, and 5 professors. The contributions and accomplishments of this university’s scientists are widely acknowledged. Ukrainian and International conferences, seminars, and round tables are held annually, where the scientists work at solving the most urgent problems of the Ukrainian economy. Physical education and sports are not overlooked here either. Three are honored Masters of sport. There are 17 Masters of the International category, and over 100 Masters of Sports of Ukraine who study at the university.

Scientists from the Computer Sciences and Technologies Department, together with the leading universities of Bulgaria, Lithuania, Germany, and Turkey carry out 4 research Information Technology projects and 7 international educational projects. The International Business and Management Department, along with the Dresden Technical University and Stuttgart University, have developed a project called «Development of a Strategy for Ukrainian Students’ International Mobility through the Use of Credit-Modular System Opportunities».

TNEU graduates find jobs easily

Бібліотека електронних ресурсів Library electronic resources

TNEU – a member of International Organizations In 2007, TNEU joined the European Association of Universities, the largest European university structure, one of the key institutions aimed at realizing the tasks of the Bologna Process in European countries. Experts from the European Association of Universities have already commenced their evaluation of TNEU. Once international accreditation is granted, the university will prove to be an upstanding member of the global educational community. Last year, TNEU joined the Great Charter of Universities – an international association affirming the main values, rights, and duties of the university as a crucial institution of society. All this is proof of TNEU being a fully-fledged member of the global educational community, and its contributions and accomplishments promote a positive image of our country. This, in turn, opens up many opportunities for the students, professors, and scientists.

study. It successfully competes there with universities from the U.S., France, and Russia. TNEU’s active international cooperation is reflected in hybrid departments like Ukrainian-Dutch or Ukrainian-German, co-created with foreign universities; as well as new programs: the UkrainianPolish program for Finance and Insurance, the English language programs for International Economics, the Ukrainian-American program for Computer Sciences, the School of Polish and European Law, and the program for the agrarian sector and farmers. Almost 100 students a year study at higher educational establishments abroad. Our students get short-term experience and international exposure at the Orchus Business School of Denmark, the Vienna University of Applied Sciences (Austria), the Poznan Economical Academy, the Oscar Lange Academy (Poland), the Yokoping School of International Business (Sweden), and the Institute of International Trade in Dunkirk (France).

The university graduates are well trained and highly employable. There is a functioning Job Center at the university which helps the graduates find a job with a prospective firm, organization, or enterprise. There have been 90,000 experts trained since the TNEU foundation. More than 500 university graduates are renowned statesmen and highly qualified specialists. More than 200 graduates opted to teach at TNEU, half of them PhD’s or Candidates of Science. TNEU’s students do their educational practice in foreign organizations and institutions within the framework of the APOLLO Program (Federal Republic of Germany), «Agrosmpuls» (Switzerland), Hessen University, and CLAAS firm (Germany) who run educational projects for young agricultural-industrial managers. There are practices available in the law firms of Poland for students of Polish and European Law Schools. So it is no wonder that students of this higher educational establishment have found jobs not only in Ukraine but also abroad – in the U.S., Germany, France, the U.K., Denmark, England, Poland and other countries. A TNEU degree is acknowledged by European recruiting agencies, companies, and universities.

International cooperation with other universities and the fruits of that TNEU closely cooperates with the leading higher educational establishments of Canada, the U.S., the U.K., Sweden, Finland, Germany, Poland, Bulgaria, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Greece, China, Slovakia, Italy, Spain, Ireland, Russia, Switzerland, Austria, Belarus, and other countries. This university is the only major Ukrainian higher educational establishment that has a branch abroad – founded six years ago in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, where 500 students of Ukrainian descent

Університет славиться своїми талановитими студентами The university is famous for its talented students

ÎÑÂ²ÒÀ EDUCATION

Пропонуємо до вашої уваги новий підрозділ: з історії світової освіти. Сьогодні мова у ньому піде про Гарвард. Чому саме про нього? Бо можна провести паралелі з героєм нашої рубрики «Освіта» – Тернопільським національним економічним університетом. Він позиціонує себе як альма-матер економічної еліти країни, і Гарвард завжди підкреслював свою елітарність. Випускником ТНЕУ є Президент України Віктор Ющенко. З Гарварду вийшли аж сім президентів США, але ж і сам Гарвард набагато старший за економічний університет. Тож у ТНЕУ, сподіваємося, ще все попереду. ÑÒÀÐØÈÉ ÇÀ ÑØÀ Ïîãîäüòåñÿ, íåáàãàòî çíàéäåòüñÿ ó ñâ³ò³ îñâ³òí³õ óñòàíîâ, çàñíîâàíèõ ðàí³øå, í³æ êðà¿íè, íà òåðèòîð³¿ ÿêèõ âîíè ðîçòàøîâàí³. Àëå æ ñàìå òàêèì º Ãàðâàðä (Harvard University) – íàéñòàð³øèé íàâ÷àëüíèé çàêëàä Ñïîëó÷åíèõ Øòàò³â Àìåðèêè. Öÿ äåðæàâà, ÿê â³äîìî, ç’ÿâèëàñÿ íà êàðò³ ñâ³òó 1776 ðîêó, à óí³âåðñèòåò áóëî çàñíîâàíî íà 140 ðîê³â ðàí³øå – 1636 ðîêó, ÷åðåç 16 ðîê³â ï³ñëÿ ïîÿâè â Íîâîìó Ñâ³ò³ ïåðøèõ àíãë³éö³â ç³ çíàìåíèòîãî êîðàáëÿ «Ìåéôëàóåð» òà çàñíóâàííÿ íèìè êîëîí³¿ Ïë³ìóò. ²ñòîð³ÿ â³äâåëà Ãàðâàðäîâ³ ðîëü íàéá³ëüø åë³òàðíîãî, àðèñòîêðàòè÷íîãî àìåðèêàíñüêîãî âèùîãî íàâ÷àëüíîãî çàêëàäó. Íåäàðåìíî ñåðåä éîãî âèïóñêíèê³â ö³ëèõ ñ³ì ïðåçèäåíò³â ÑØÀ: Äæîí Àäàìñ ³ Äæîí Êó¿íñ³ Àäàìñ, Òåîäîð Ðóçâåëüò ³ Ôðàíêë³í Ðóçâåëüò, Ðåçåðôîðä

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Шлях від коледжу до кращого університету країни

Науковий центр Гарварду Harvard Science Center Õåéç, Äæîí Êåííåä³ ³ Äæîðäæ Áóø ñòàðøèé. Àëå, çâè÷àéíî æ, íå ò³ëüêè ³ íå ñò³ëüêè â íèõ ñïðàâà. Ïðîñòî çà ñâîþ ìàéæå 470-ð³÷íó ³ñòîð³þ ç ìàëåíüêîãî êîëåäæó ç äåâ’ÿòüìà ñòóäåíòàìè ³ îäíèì ïðîôåñîðîì Ãàðâàðä ïåðåòâîðèâñÿ íà îäèí ç íàéá³ëüøèõ ³ àâòîðèòåòíèõ íàóêîâî-îñâ³òí³õ öåíòð³â ïëàíåòè ç 20 òèñÿ÷àìè ñòóäåíò³â ³ 2 òèñÿ÷àìè âèêëàäà÷³â. Ó âñ³õ ùîð³÷íèõ ðåéòèíãàõ óí³âåðñèòåò, ùî ïîäàðóâàâ ñâ³òîâ³ 40 íîáåë³âñüêèõ ëàóðåàò³â, ðåãóëÿðíî ïîñ³äàº âåðõí³ ñõîäèíêè.

ÄÅßÊ² ÔÀÊÒÈ Ç ²ÑÒÎÐ²¯ ÃÀÐÂÀÐÄÓ Ïåðøèé àìåðèêàíñüêèé âèø â³ä ïî÷àòêó ñâîãî çàñíóâàííÿ íàçèâàâñÿ êîëåäæåì. 1639 ðîêó éîìó ïðèñâî¿ëè ³ì’ÿ Äæîíà Ãàðâàðäà (1607–1638) – àíãë³éñüêîãî ì³í³ñòðà, ÿêèé ïå-

ðåñåëèâñÿ ó Íîâèé Ñâ³ò, âèïóñêíèêà Êåìáðèäæó, ïðîïîâ³äíèêà ³ ô³ëàíòðîïà, ùî çàïîâ³â íîâîìó íàâ÷àëüíîìó çàêëàäîâ³ ñâîþ á³áë³îòåêó ³ ïîëîâèíó ìàéíà. Ïîÿâà êîëåäæó çðîáèëà ìàëåíüêå ïîñåëåííÿ äîâîë³ çíàìåíèòèì. Àäæå æèòåë³ Íîâî¿ Àíãë³¿ áóëè ïåðåâàæíî çàìîæíèìè ³ îñâ³÷åíèìè ëþäüìè: ðåâí³ ïóðèòàíè, ÿê³ ïîêèíóëè Áðèòàí³þ ó ïîøóêàõ çåìë³ îá³òîâàíî¿, âîíè ÷è íå ç êîëèñêè ñòàâàëè çíàâöÿìè Á³áë³¿ ³ ñòàðîäàâí³õ ìîâ. Ó áàãàòüîõ áóäèíêàõ íàâ³òü îáñëóãà ìîãëà ïåðåâ³ðÿòè ó ä³òåé ñâî¿õ ãîñïîäàð³â øê³ëüí³ çàâäàííÿ ç ëàòèíè. 1643 ðîêó Åíí Ðåäêë³ô, ëåä³ Ìàóëñîí ïîæåðòâóâàëà êîëåäæó çíà÷íó ñóìó, çàâäÿêè ÿê³é áóëî çàïî÷àòêîâàíî ÷èñëåíí³ íàóêîâ³ é îñâ³òí³ ôîíäè óí³âåðñèòåòó. Çãîäîì ³ìåíåì Ðåäêë³ô íàçâóòü ïåðøèé æ³íî÷èé êîëåäæ Ãàðâàðäó. 1650 ðîêó Âåðõîâíèé ñóä êîëîí³¿ Ìàññà÷óñåòñ îô³ö³éíî çàòâåðäèâ õàðò³þ íàâ÷àëüíîãî çà-

âèõîâóâàâ òèõ, õòî çãîäîì êåðóâàâ ðîçâèòêîì óñ³º¿ âåëèêî¿ çàîêåàíñüêî¿ êðà¿íè. Ó Ãàðâàðä³ çàâæäè äàâàëè ÷óäîâ³ çíàííÿ, àëå í³êîëè íå çàéìàëèñÿ «âïðàâëÿííÿì ì³çê³â», òîáòî ñóâîðèì ³äåîëîã³÷íèì âèõîâàííÿì. Òîìó é íå äèâíî, ùî ïðèáëèçíî â îäèí ÷àñ (íà ïî÷àòêó XX ñòîë³òòÿ) ó Ãàðâàðä³ â÷èëèñÿ Ôðàíêë³í Äåëàíî Ðóçâåëüò ³ éîãî ìàéáóòí³ âîðîãè – ²ñîðîêó ßìàìîòî (ñòàâ àäì³ðàëîì ÿïîíñüêîãî ³ìïåðàòîðñüêîãî ôëîòó, ÿêèé ï³ä ÷àñ Äðóãî¿ ñâ³òîâî¿ â³éíè ðîçãðîìèâ àìåðèêàíö³â ó Ïåðë-Õàðáîð³) ³ Ëîðåíñ Äåíí³ñ (çãîäîì îäèí ç ³äåîëîã³â àìåðèêàíñüêîãî ôàøèçìó).

Ë²ÃÀ ÏËÞÙÀ

êëàäó, ïðåäñòàâëåíó éîãî ïðåçèäåíòîì Ãåíð³ Äàíñòåðîì. Â³äïîâ³äíî äî íå¿ áóëî ñòâîðåíî Ãàðâàðäñüêó êîðïîðàö³þ (The President and Fellows of Harvard College), ùî ñêëàäàëàñÿ ç ñåìè ÷ëåí³â, öå ïåðøà â Çàõ³äí³é ï³âêóë³ íåçàëåæíà óí³âåðñèòåòñüêà îðãàí³çàö³ÿ. Ñïî÷àòêó â Ãàðâàðä³ ³ñíóâàâ êëàñè÷íèé àêàäåì³÷íèé êóðñ, ïîáóäîâàíèé çà ìîäåëëþ ñåðåäíüîâ³÷íèõ àíãë³éñüêèõ óí³âåðñèòåò³â. Äî ê³íöÿ XVIII ñòîë³òòÿ ãîëîâíå ì³ñöå â³äâîäèëè âèâ÷åííþ Á³áë³¿ ³ ñòàðîäàâí³õ ìîâ. Áîãîñëîâ’ÿ ³ ô³ëîñîô³þ, ïðèðîäíî, âèêëàäàëè â äóñ³ îñíîâíî¿ êîíôåñ³¿ ïîñåëåíö³â – ïóðèòàíñòâà. Îäíàê ó Ãàðâàðä³ â³ä ñàìîãî ïî÷àòêó ïàíóâàâ äóõ â³ëüíîäóìñòâà ³ îñâ³òè. Íàïðèêëàä, ó áðîøóð³, îïóáë³êîâàí³é òàì ùå 1643 ðîêó, ïðî çàâäàííÿ êîëåäæó ñêàçàíî òàê: «Ðîçâèâàòè çíàííÿ ³ ïåðåäàâàòè éîãî íàùàäêàì, áî íåáåçïå÷íî ïîêëàäàòè êåðóâàííÿ áåçãðàìîòíèìè ëèøå íà öåðêâó». 1708 ðîêó ïðåçèäåíòîì êîëåäæó âïåðøå áóëî îáðàíî íå ñâÿùåíèêà, à ëþäèíó ñâ³òñüêó – Äæîíà Ëåâåðåòà. Öå îçíà÷àëî çðîñòàííÿ ³íòåëåêòóàëüíî¿ íåçàëåæíîñò³ Ãàðâàðäó â³ä ïóðèòàí³çìó. Ïîñòóïîâî ðîçøèðþâàëîñÿ êîëî

íàâ÷àëüíèõ ïðåäìåò³â – ç’ÿâèëèñÿ íîâ³ ìîâè ³ ìàòåìàòèêà. Ñòóäåíòè ³ ïðîôåñîðè êîëåäæó âçÿëè àêòèâíó ó÷àñòü â àìåðèêàíñüê³é â³éí³ çà íåçàëåæí³ñòü. 1 âåðåñíÿ 1779 ðîêó ç³áðàâñÿ Êîíñòèòóö³éíèé êîíâåíò. Ìàéáóòí³é ïðåçèäåíò ÑØÀ Äæîí Àäàìñ, âèïóñêíèê Ãàðâàðäó 1755 ðîêó, çà÷èòàâ íàïèñàíèé íèì ðîçä³ë Êîíñòèòóö³¿ ïðî ïðèñâîºííÿ êîëåäæó óí³âåðñèòåòñüêîãî ñòàòóñó. Ïîëîæåííÿ ãàðàíòóâàëî íàâ÷àëüíîìó çàêëàäîâ³ «íà â³÷í³ ÷àñè âñ³ òðàäèö³éí³ ïîâíîâàæåííÿ, ïðàâà, ñâîáîäè, ïðèâ³ëå¿, ³ìóí³òåò ³ ï³ëüãè». Äàíèé äîêóìåíò áóëî óõâàëåíî îäíîñòàéíî. Îäíàê, ïîïðè íîâèé ñòàòóñ, ùå íà ïî÷àòêó XIX ñòîë³òòÿ Ãàðâàðä áóâ, ïî ñóò³, ïðèâ³ëåéîâàíîþ ñåðåäíüîþ øêîëîþ, òóäè çàçâè÷àé ïðèéìàëè ï³äë³òê³â ó â³ö³ 14 ðîê³â. Íàâ÷àëüíèé êóðñ áóâ îáîâ’ÿçêîâèì äëÿ âñ³õ. Ôàêòè÷íå ïåðåòâîðåííÿ êîëåäæó íà óí³âåðñèòåò â³äáóëîñÿ â ïåðø³é ÷âåðò³ XIX ñòîë³òòÿ, êîëè êð³ì Á³áë³¿, ìîâ ³ ìàòåìàòèêè â íüîìó ïî÷àëè âèêëàäàòè ìåäèöèíó (ç 1810 ðîêó) ³ þðèñïðóäåíö³þ (ç 1817 ðîêó). Äåùî ï³çí³øå äîäàëèñÿ ³ñòîð³ÿ ³ ïîë³òåêîíîì³ÿ. Òîä³, âëàñíå, ³ ïî÷àëîñÿ «çîëîòå» ñòîë³òòÿ Ãàðâàðäñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó, ùî

Íà ïî÷àòêó 1930-õ ðîê³â âèíèêëà çíàìåíèòà Ë³ãà ïëþùà, ÿêà îá’ºäíóº ñòàð³ âóçè, ðîçòàøîâàí³ íà ï³âí³÷íîìó ñõîä³ ÑØÀ ³ ñòâîðåí³ â ÕVII–ÕIÕ ñòîë³òòÿõ. Êð³ì Ãàðâàðäñüêîãî öå Ïð³íñòîíñüêèé, Éºëüñüêèé, Áðàóíñüêèé, Êîðíåëüñüêèé, Äàðòìóòñüêèé ³ Êîëóìá³éñüêèé óí³âåðñèòåòè. ²ñòîð³ÿ âèíèêíåííÿ íàçâè ë³ãè äîñèòü êóìåäíà. ßêèéñü ñïîðòèâíèé êîìåíòàòîð îòðèìàâ çàâäàííÿ âèñâ³òëèòè ãðó ç àìåðèêàíñüêîãî ôóòáîëó, â ÿê³é áðàëè ó÷àñòü êîìàíäè Êîëóìá³éñüêîãî ³ Ïåíñèëüâàíñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåò³â. Ñóìí³âàþ÷èñü ó òîìó, ùî âèäîâèùå áóäå ö³êàâèì, êîìåíòàòîð áóð÷àâ, ùî, ìîâëÿâ, éîìó äîâåäåòüñÿ «äèâèòèñÿ, ÿê ðîñòå ïëþù». Ñïîðòèâíèé îãëÿäà÷ ãàçåòè «Íüþ-Éîðê Ãåðàëüä Òðèá’þí» Ãåíð³ Âóäâîðä, ÿêèé ñèä³â ïîðó÷, âèïàäêîâî ïî÷óâ ñêàçàíå ³ îõðåñòèâ ãðóïó âè-

Пам’ятник Джону Гарварду, на честь якого університет отримав свою назву Monument to John Harvard, after whom the university was named

ÎÑÂ²ÒÀ EDUCATION

Серед викладачів Гарварду – нобелівські лауреати, провідні науковці, відомі діячі культури... Among the Harvard faculty there are Nobel laureates, leading scientists, and famous artists

ЧИ ЗНАЄТЕ ВИ, ЩО... Гарвард насправді не такий далекий від України, як здається на перший погляд. Тому що у Гарварді існує Український науковий інститут, а також кафедри української філології імені О.Потебні та української історії імені М.Грушевського. Голова японської Асоціації україністів Казуо Накаї вивчав українську мову не в Україні, а в Гарварді. У Гарвардській літній школі вчилася Мері Крюгер – довголітній працівник посольства США в Україні, відповідальна за культурні зв’язки та зв’язки з журналістами. Промовистим є приклад Вільяма Нолла, який був гарвардським студентом і зараз видає журнал у Києві, де постійно проживає, займаючись фольклористикою. Існує Літня школа українознавства, що з 1971 року є частиною навчальної програми Гарвардської літньої школи. До програми входять курси української мови початкового, середнього та вищого рівнів, курси й семінари з історії, літератури, культури, етнології, релігії, соціології, політики та міжнародних відносин. У позакласну програму входять: перегляд українських фільмів, діяльність драматичного гуртка з професійними акторами, організація вечорів української поезії, лекцій запрошених науковців та круглих столів-обговорень поточних подій в Україні.

²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Одна з аудиторій університету. Тиша та комфорт сприяють засвоєнню наук One of the university classrooms. Silence and comfort foster learning

ø³â, ùî âèñòàâèëè íà çìàãàííÿ ñâî¿ êîìàíäè, Ë³ãîþ ïëþùà. Íåçàáàðîì íàçâó ï³äõîïèëè é ³íø³ ãàçåòè. Ïîïðè øèðîêå éîãî âæèâàííÿ, ò³ëüêè 1945 ðîêó ïðåçèäåíòè âîñüìè íàâ÷àëüíèõ çàêëàä³â ï³äïèñàëè óãîäó ïðî íàì³ð ñòâîðèòè ºäèíó îðãàí³çàö³þ äëÿ ïðîâåäåííÿ ì³æóí³âåðñèòåòñüêèõ ³ãîð ç àìåðèêàíñüêîãî ôóòáîëó. Ïðîòå þðèäè÷íî ë³ãó çàðåºñòðóâàëè ò³ëüêè 1954 ðîêó. Ñïî÷àòêó àñîö³àö³ÿ çàéìàëàñÿ âèð³øåííÿì ñïîðòèâíèõ ïèòàíü, àëå ñëîâîñïîëó÷åííÿ «Ë³ãà ïëþùà» øâèäêî íàáóëî çíà÷åííÿ, ùî âèõîäèòü çà ðàìêè ñïîðòèâíî¿ ëåêñèêè. Íèí³ öåé òåðì³í ñòàâ, òàê áè ìîâèòè, ñèíîí³ìîì åë³òàðíîñò³.

ÏÎÑÒ²ÉÍÎ ÐÓÕÀÒÈÑÜ ÓÏÅÐÅÄ! ßê âäàëîñÿ Ãàðâàðäó òàê äîâãî ïðî³ñíóâàòè? ßê éîìó âäàºòüñÿ çàëèøàòèñÿ îäíèì ç íàéêðàùèõ íàâ÷àëüíèõ çàêëàä³â êðà¿íè òà ñâ³òó? Ð³÷ ó ò³ì, ùî òóò íå øêîäóþòü êîøò³â íà îïëàòó ïðàö³ ñâî¿õ âèêëàäà÷³â, çàïðîøóþòü íà ðîáîòó íîáåë³âñüêèõ ëàóðåàò³â, ïðîâ³äíèõ íàóêîâö³â, â³äñòàâíèõ ì³í³ñòð³â, â³äîìèõ ä³ÿ÷³â êóëüòóðè ³ ìèñòåöòâ. ²ñíóº æîðñòêà êîíêóðåíö³ÿ çà ïðàâî ïðàöþâàòè ó âóçàõ Ë³ãè ïëþùà. Êð³ì òîãî, áàãàòî âèñîêîïîñàäîâö³â, á³çíåñìåí³â, êîëèøí³õ ³ ÷èííèõ ãëàâ ³íîçåìíèõ äåðæàâ, ä³ÿ÷³â ìèñòåöòâ ââàæàþòü çà ÷åñòü âèñòóïèòè ç ëåêö³ºþ ó ïðåñòèæíîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³, òà ùå é çà äóæå ïðèñòîéíó âèíàãîðîäó. Òîæ ñòóäåíò Ãàðâàðäó ìîæå íå ñóìí³âàòèñÿ: çà ñâî¿ ÷èìàë³ ãðîø³ â³í îòðèìóº ïîâíèé ïàêåò ÿê³ñíèõ îñâ³òí³õ ïîñëóã. Âàæëèâèì ÷èííèêîì º ³ òå, ùî ó Ãàðâàðä³ ïðîâîäÿòü âåëèêó ê³ëüê³ñòü íàóêîâèõ äîñë³äæåíü. Òîìó ñåðåä âèïóñêíèê³â áàãàòî âèäàòíèõ ä³ÿ÷³â íàóêè, ëàóðåàò³â Íîáåë³âñüêî¿ òà ³íøèõ ïðåì³é. Äæåðåëàìè êîøò³â, ùî âèä³ëÿþòü-

ñÿ íà äîñë³äíèöüê³ ïðîåêòè, º óðÿä ³ á³çíåñîâ³ ñòðóêòóðè. Òà é ñàì óí³âåðñèòåò íàñò³ëüêè áàãàòèé, ùî ìàº ìîæëèâ³ñòü âèòðà÷àòè âëàñí³ ãðîø³ íà çä³éñíåííÿ äåÿêèõ ðîçðîáîê. Ãàðâàðä ìàéæå ùîðîêó îáðîñòàº ÷èñëåííèìè ô³ë³ÿìè ÿê îñâ³òíüîãî, òàê ³ íàóêîâîäîñë³äíèöüêîãî ïðîô³ëþ. Â³í óæå äàâíî ïåðåòâîðèâñÿ íà âåëè÷åçíó ô³íàíñîâó ñòðóêòóðó ç áàãàòîì³ëüéîííèì áþäæåòîì. Ñêàæ³ìî, êàìïàí³ÿ ³ç çàëó÷åííÿ ³íâåñòèö³é, ùî ¿¿ îðãàí³çóâàâ ïðåçèäåíò óí³âåðñèòåòó Äåðåê Áîê (1971– 1991), ïðèíåñëà $356 ìëí. À êàìïàí³ÿ ãàðâàðäñüêîãî ïðåçèäåíòà Ëîóðåíñà Ñàììåðñà (âñòóïèâ íà ïîñàäó 2001 ðîêó) ïîïîâíèëà ôîíäè Ãàðâàðäó âæå íà $2,6 ìëðä. Ñòðóêòóðà óí³âåðñèòåòó ïîñò³éíî ðîçøèðþºòüñÿ ³ óäîñêîíàëþºòüñÿ. Çàðàç îêð³ì çàãàëüíîîñâ³òíüîãî êîëåäæó Ãàðâàðä ìàº ôàêóëüòåòè ãóìàí³òàðíèõ ³ ïðèðîäîçíàâ÷èõ íàóê, þðèäè÷íèé, ìåäè÷íèé, îõîðîíè çäîðîâ’ÿ, áîãîñëîâñüêèé, êîíñòðóêòîðñüêèé, äåðæàâíîãî óïðàâë³ííÿ, ïðàêòè÷íî¿ àäì³í³ñòðàö³¿, ïåäàãîã³÷íèé, â³ää³ëåííÿ ïðèêëàäíî¿ ô³çèêè ³ ³íæåíåðíèé ôàêóëüòåòè. Ó Ãàðâàðä³ º çíàìåíèòà àñòðîíîì³÷íà îáñåðâàòîð³ÿ, áîòàí³÷íèé ñàä ³ ìóçå¿: ïîð³âíÿëüíî¿ çîîëîã³¿, í³ìåöüêèõ êóëüòóð, ãåîëîã³÷íèé òà ³í. Íà òåðèòîð³¿ óí³âåðñèòåòó ñòàðîâèíí³ áóä³âë³ ñóñ³äÿòü ç ñó÷àñíèìè êîðïóñàìè, çáåðåãëîñÿ áàãàòî öåðêîâ ³ êàïëè÷îê, º íàâ³òü äàâíº êëàäîâèùå. Ñòî¿òü òàì ³ ïàì'ÿòíèê ïåðøîìó ñïîíñîðîâ³ – òîìó ñàìîìó Äæîíîâ³ Ãàðâàðäó (ïîäåéêóþòü, ïîçóâàâ ñòóäåíò). Îäèí ÷åðåâèê ó íüîãî áëèùèòü ïîì³òíî á³ëüøå çà ³íøèé. Öå ïîÿñíþºòüñÿ ïðîñòî. Ðàí³øå ³ñíóâàëà ïðèêìåòà: ùîá äîáðå ñêëàñòè ³ñïèò, òðåáà îáîâ'ÿçêîâî ïîòðèìàòèñÿ çà ÷åðåâèê ñòàòó¿. Íèí³, îäíàê, ÷³ïàòè éîãî íå âàðòî, àäæå âèíèê íîâèé ðèòóàë – ïîñâÿ÷åííÿ ó ñòóäåíòè, êîëè íåîô³òîâ³ ïîòð³áíî íà ÷åðåâèê… ïîìî÷èòèñÿ. Âò³ì çíàþòü ïðî öå ò³ëüêè îáðàí³.

ØÍÎÁÅË²ÂÑÜÊÀ ÏÐÅÌ²ß Ùîðîêó â Ãàðâàðä³, ÿêèé äàâ ñâ³òîâ³ âåëèêó ê³ëüê³ñòü íîáåë³âñüêèõ ëàóðåàò³â, ïðîâîäèòüñÿ àíòèïîä Íîáåë³âñüêî¿ – «²ãíîáåë³âñüêà» ïðåì³ÿ (â³ä àíãë³éñüêîãî ignoble – íèçüêèé, ãàíåáíèé), äåõòî íàçèâàº ¿¿ Øíîáåë³âñüêîþ ïðåì³ºþ. ¯¿ âðó÷àþòü ó 10 íîì³íàö³ÿõ çà íàéñóìí³âí³ø³ ³ äàðåìí³ íàóêîâ³ äîñÿãíåííÿ. Ïðåì³þ âñòàíîâèëè Ìàðê Àáðàõàìñ ³ ãóìîðèñòè÷íèé æóðíàë «Àííàëè íåéìîâ³ðíèõ äîñë³äæåíü». Øíîáåë³âñüêó ïðåì³þ âðó÷àþòü ó Ãàðâàðä³ ñïðàâæí³ íîáåë³âñüê³ ëàóðåàòè – â áóòàôîðñüêèõ îêóëÿðàõ, ç íàêëàäíèìè íîñàìè, ó ôåñêàõ òà ³íøèõ ïîä³áíèõ àòðèáóòàõ. Ó âåëè÷åçí³é ëåêö³éí³é çàë³ ë³òàþòü ïàïåðîâ³ ë³òà÷êè. ×àñ âèñòóïó ëàóðåàò³â îáìåæåíî 60 ñåêóíäàìè. Òèõ, õòî ãîâîðèòü äîâøå, çóïèíÿº Miss Sweetie Poo – ä³â÷èíêà, ÿêà âèãóêóº: «Áóäü ëàñêà, ïðèïèí³òü! Ìåí³ íóäíî!» Ãîëîâíà ³ ÷è íå ºäèíà âèìîãà äî ïðåòåíäåíò³â Øíîáåë³âñüêî¿ ïðåì³¿ – ¿õíÿ ðîáîòà ìàº áóòè íàäðóêîâàíà â íàóêîâîìó ïåð³îäè÷íîìó âèäàíí³. Ïðèñóäæåííÿ ïðåì³¿ ³íîä³ îçíà÷àº çàâóàëüîâàíó êðèòèêó, àëå â á³ëüøîñò³ âèïàäê³â ö³ íàãîðîäè ïðèâåðòàþòü óâàãó äî íàóêîâèõ ðîçðîáîê, ùî ì³ñòÿòü åëåìåíòè ñì³øíîãî. Íàïðèêëàä, óäîñòî¿ëèñÿ íàãîðîäè: ðîçâ³äêà, ÿêà ïîêàçàëà, ùî ïðèñóòí³ñòü ëþäåé ñåêñóàëüíî çáóäæóº óñòðèöü; âèñíîâîê ïðî òå, ùî ÷îðí³ ä³ðè çà ñâî¿ìè ïàðàìåòðàìè ï³äõîäÿòü äëÿ ðîçòàøóâàííÿ ïåêëà; ïðàöÿ, ÿêà äîñë³äèëà, ÷è áóäå ³íô³êîâàíî ¿æó, ùî âïàëà íà ï³äëîãó ³ ïðîëåæàëà òàì ìåíøå ï’ÿòè ñåêóíä... Öüîãîð³÷ âðó÷åííÿ Øíîáåë³âñüêî¿ ïðåì³¿ â Ãàðâàðäñüêîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³ â³äáóëîñÿ 1 æîâòíÿ. Öå áóëà âæå 19-à öåðåìîí³ÿ. Ïðåì³¿ â ãàëóç³ îõîðîíè çäîðîâ’ÿ óäîñòî¿ëàñÿ ãðóïà íàóêîâö³â ç ²ëë³íîéñó ï³ä êåð³âíèöòâîì Îëåíè Áîäíàð, ÿêà ðîçðîáèëà æ³íî÷èé áþñòãàëüòåð, çäàòíèé òðàíñôîðìóâàòèñÿ ïðè ïîòðåá³ ó ïðîòèãàç. Ö³íí³ñòü âèíàõîäó ïîëÿãàº â òîìó, ùî ç îäíîãî ïðåäìåòó æ³íî÷î¿ á³ëèçíè ìîæíà ç³áðàòè îäðàçó äâà ïðîòèãàçè – îäèí äëÿ âëàñíèö³ áþñòãàëüòåðà, à ³íøèé – äëÿ êîãîñü ïîðó÷. ²ðëàíäñüêèõ ïîë³öåéñüêèõ â³äçíà÷èëè ë³òåðàòóðíîþ ïðåì³ºþ çà òå, ùî âèïèñàëè 50 øòðàô³â ïîðóøíèêîâ³ ïðàâèë äîðîæíüîãî ðóõó ç Ïîëüù³. Êóìåäíî, àëå øòðàôè áóëè îôîðìëåí³ íà ³ì`ÿ ÿêîãîñü Prawo Jazdy (Ïðàâî ßçäè), ùî â ïåðåêëàä³ ç ïîëüñüêî¿ îçíà÷àº «âîä³éñüêå ïîñâ³ä÷åííÿ». Çà âèäàòí³ çäîáóòêè â ãàëóç³ ìàòåìàòèêè ïðåì³þ îòðèìàâ ãîëîâà Öåíòðàëüíîãî áàíêó Ç³ìáàáâå Ã³äåîí Ãîíî – çà ââåäåííÿ â îá³ã áàíêíîò íîì³íàëîì â³ä 1 ç³ìáàáâ³éñüêîãî öåíòà äî 100 òðèëüéîí³â ì³ñöåâèõ äîëàð³â, ÷èì íàäàâ ç³ìáàáâ³éöÿì óí³êàëüíó ìîæëèâ³ñòü ðåãóëÿðíî ïðàêòèêóâàòèñÿ â ìàòåìàòèö³. ...Áåç ñóìí³âó, ùå áàãàòî ÷îãî ö³êàâîãî ïîäàðóº ñâ³òîâ³ ÿê Øíîáåë³âñüêà ïðåì³ÿ, òàê ³ ¿¿ âëàñíèê – Ãàðâàðä.

The path from a college to being the best university in the country We bring to your attention a new chapter from the history of world education. Today the theme will be about Harvard. Why exactly? Because it will be possible to make a parallel with the subject of our headline «Education»– Ternopil national economic university. It presents itself as an alma mater of the economic elite of the country; and Harvard has always underlined its elite position. A graduating student of TNEU is the President of Ukraine, Victor Yushchenko. Seven presidents of the USA graduated from Harvard but it is also much older than the economic university. So we expect TNEU to have everything in the future. OLDER THAN THE USA You will agree that there are few educational institutions in the world which were founded earlier than the countries on whose territory they are situated. But this is true of Harvard University – the oldest educational institution of the United States of America. As we know, this country appeared on the world map in 1776, but the university was set up 140 years earlier – in 1636, only 16 years after the English settlers disembarked from the famous ship «Mayflower» in the New World and founded the colony of Plymouth. History made Harvard the most elite and aristocratic American higher educational institution. That’s why, not without reason, among the graduating students of the university are seven presidents of the USA: John Adams and John Quincy Adams, Theodor Roosevelt and Franklin Roosevelt, Rutherford Hays, John Kennedy and George Bush elder. But of course the matter is not in them. During its almost

470 year history from a little college with nine students and one professor Harvard was converted into one of the biggest and authoritative scientific and educational centers on the planet with 20000 students and 2000 teachers. The University regularly takes the highest scores in annual ratings and it has presented the world with 40 Nobel laureates.

SOME FACTS FROM THE HISTORY OF HARVARD The first American higher educational institution from the beginning of its foundation was called the college. In 1639 it was named in honour of John Harvard (1607–1638) – an English Minister who moved to the New World and was a graduating student of Cambridge, preacher and philanthropist who donated his own library and a half of the property to the new educational institution.

ÎÑÂ²ÒÀ EDUCATION

The appearance of the college made the little settlement quite famous. Because the inhabitants of New England were mainly quite wealthy and educated people: having been fervent Puritans who left Britain in search of the Land of the Covenant (the Land of Promise), they became experts of the Bible and ancient languages from the cradle. In many houses even the servants could check Latin tasks given at school to their boss’s children. In 1643 Ann Redcliff, Lady Maulson, endowed the college with a considerable amount, and thanks to it numerous scientific and educational funds of the university were initiated. Later the first women’s college of Harvard was named in Redcliff’s honour. Finally in 1650 the Supreme Court of Massachusetts colony officially confirmed the charter of the educational institution that was presented by its president Henri Danster. Accordingly the Harvard Corporation ‘the President and Fellows of Harvard College’ was approved. It was formed from seven members and became the first independent university organization of its kind in the Western hemisphere. At first there was a classic academic course in Harvard built on the basis of the model that was accepted in English universities. Till the end of the XVIII century the main studies in the university were allotted to Bible learning and ancient languages. Naturally, theology and philosophy were taught in the spirit of the main religion of the settlers –Puritanism. But in spite of this the spirit of freethinking and education dominated in Harvard from the beginning. For example, in the brochure that was published there in 1643 it was said about the tasks of the college: «To develop knowledge and hand it down to the descendants because it is dangerous to charge the management only of the church to unlettered people». In 1708, John Lowered, not a priest, but a secular man was elected as the president of the college. It meant the growth of intellectual independence of Harvard in Puritanism. The circle of subjects taught was gradually expanding: new languages and mathematics appeared among them. Students and professors of the college took an active part in the American war for independence and in September 1, 1779 a Constitutional Convention was gathered. The future president of the USA John Adams – a graduating student of Harvard in 1755 – read out an issue of Constitution written by him about the lodgment of the college with the status of a university. Regulations guaranteed the educational institution «all traditional power, rights, freedom, privileges, immunity and benefits for everlasting time». This document was ratified unanimously. However, in spite of a new status at the beginning of the XIX century Harvard was only a privileged secondary school and teenagers of 14 year old were admitted to it. Educational courses were compulsory for everyone. The practical transformation of college to university occurred in the first quarter of the XIX century

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Живе спілкування професури зі студентами – одна з головних засад отримання елітної освіти Real time communication between professors and students is one of the key avenues an elite education when except for Bible, languages and mathematics the teaching of medicine (till 1810) and jurisprudence (till 1817) began there. A bit later history and political economy were added to them. At that time the golden century of Harvard University began that was bringing up those who directed the development of the whole transoceanic country. Great knowledge was always given in Harvard, but nobody ever worked at «brainwashing» or severe ideological education there. That’s why it is not strange, that Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his future enemies – Isoroko Yamamoto (he became the admiral of the Japanese emperial fleet who defeated the Americans during the Second World War) and Laurence Dennis (later one of the ideologists of American fascism) also studied in Harvard.

IVY LEAGUE The famous Ivy League arose at the beginning of 1930 and it joined old higher educational institutes created in the ÕVII – ÕIÕ centuries and situated in the north east of the USA. Apart from Harvard University there were Princeton, Yale, Braun, Cornell, Dartmouth and Columbia Universities. The history of choosing the name for the league is very funny. Some sport commentator received a task to comment on an American football game in which teams of Columbia and Pennsylvania Universities took part. Having doubts that the show would be interesting the commentator mumbled that he happened «to see how the ivy grows». Henry Woodward who was sitting next to him, a sport reviewer of the newspaper «New York Herald Tribune», heard this expression by chance and gave the name to the group of uni-

versities that were gathered at the competition as the Ivy League. Soon the name was picked up by other newspapers. Despite its broad use only in 1945 the presidents of the 8 educational institutions signed an agreement about the intention to create single organization for creating American football games between the universities. But the League was legally registered only in 1954. First the association was created for solving sport questions but the expression «Ivy League» rapidly got a meaning that was out of the framework of the sport vocabulary. Today this term became a synonym of the world «elite».

CONSTANT ONWARD MOVEMENT! How did Harvard succeed in existing for such a long time? How does it succeed in remaining one of the best educational institutions of the country and of the world? The fact is that they do not grudge money for the payment of their teachers; they invite Nobel laureates, leading scientists, retired ministers and famous workers of art and culture. Generally it is a cruel competition for the right to work at the higher educational institutions of the «Ivy League». Besides, many politicians of high standing, businessmen, past and present heads of foreign countries and workers of art consider it honourable to give a lecture at a prestige university, moreover when it will be well paid. So, students of Harvard can have no doubts: they will get the whole package of qualitative educational services for their huge amount of money. The necessary fact is that a lot of scientific investigations are conducted in Harvard. That’s why a great number of laureates of Nobel and other prizes and outstanding figures of science

are among the graduating students. Government and business structures are the sources of funds that are allocated for investigation projects. Besides, the university by itself is so rich that it has the opportunity to spend its own money to complete some developments. Almost every year Harvard becomes overgrown with subsidiaries of both educational and scientific and researching types. Long ago it was transformed into a huge financial structure with a budget of millions. Only a campaign about investment attraction organized by the president of the university Derek Bok (1971–1991) gave him $356 000 000. A campaign that was developed by the president Laurence Summers (who occupied the post till 2001) attracted $ 2 600 000 000 to the funds of Harvard. The university structure is always expanding and improving. Nowadays apart from the general college education it includes faculties of the humanities and natural sciences, a faculty of

touch the monument, because a new ritual of dedication to the students appeared – when a neophyte needs to urinate on a shoe. But only certain people know about it.

IGNOBLE PRIZE Annually the antipode of the Nobel prize – «Ignoble» prize takes place in Harvard. It is handed in 10 nominations for the most doubtful and useless scientific achievements. The prize was established by Mark Abrahams and the humorous magazine «Annals of unbelievable investigations». The Ignoble prize is awarded in Harvard by the real Nobel laureates – in sham spectacles, with laid on noses, in fezzes and alike attributes. Paper airplanes fly in the large lecture room. The time of performance of the laureates is limited by 60 seconds. Those who speaks longer are stopped by Miss Sweetie Poo – the girl who exclaims: «Please, stop! I am bored!»

A group of scientists from Illinois under the guiding of Elena Bodnar won the prize in the sphere of public health. They developed a bra for women that transforms into a gas mask if it is necessary. Irish policemen were marked with the prize in the sphere of literature for writing out 50 fines to a road hog from Poland. It is ridiculous, but the fines were written out in the name of Prawo Jazdy that in translation from Polish means «driving certification». The head of the Central bank of Zimbabwe Gideon Gono received the prize for outstanding achievements in the sphere of mathematics. He entered banknotes in an appeal from 1 Zimbabwe cent up to 100 trillion local dollars that gave a unique opportunity for Zimbabwe people to practice regularly in mathematics. … There are no doubts that both the Ignoble prize and Harvard as its owner will present the world with many interesting things.

DO YOU KNOW THAT… Harvard is actually not so distant from Ukraine, as it seems at first sight. There is a Ukrainian scientific institute in Harvard and also the Potrebnia department of Ukrainian philology and the Grushevski department of Ukrainian history. The head of the Japanese Association of experts of Ukraine Kazuo Nakayi studied Ukrainian not in Ukraine but in Harvard. Mery Kruger studied in Harvard summer school. She is for many years a worker at the embassy of the USA in Ukraine and she is responsible for cultural relations and contacts with journalists. It is significant an example of William Noll who was a student of Harvard and nowadays he publishes one of the magazines in Kyiv where he constantly lives and where he was engaged in folklore science.

У Гарварді проводиться безліч наукових досліджень Much scientific research is performed at Harvard law, medicine, public health, theological, design, state management, practical administration, pedagogic and engineering faculties and a department of applied physics. There is a famous astronomic observatory, botanical garden and geological museum, museums of comparative zoology and German cultures and others situated in the grounds of Harvard. Ancient buildings are situated nearby modern houses; many ancient churches and chapels are preserved and there is also an old churchyard there. There also is the monument of the first sponsor – John Harvard (they say a student posed). One of his shoes shines more brightly than another. It is easily explained. Earlier it was a sign: if you wanted to pass a future examination you needed to touch a shoe of the monument. But today it is not recommended to

The main and almost single request to the candidates for the Ignoble prize is that their work must be published in a scientific periodical edition. Awarding the prize sometimes means covert criticism, but in many cases these rewards attract attention to the scientific treatments that contain elements of funny things. For example, the reward was won (honoured): by the investigation that showed that the presence of people sexually stimulates oysters; by the conclusion that black holes by their parameters are suitable for hell disposition; by the work that investigated whether food that fell on the floor and lay there less than 5 seconds would be infected... This year the awarding of the Ignoble prize in Harvard University took place on October, 1. It was the 19th ceremony.

There was a summer school of science of Ukraine that was a part of the educational program of Harvard summer school till 1971. The program contained courses of Ukrainian of primary, secondary and the highest levels, courses and seminars of history, literature, culture, ethnology, religion, sociology, politics and international relationships. The pericardium of off-hour programs are a review of Ukrainian films, work of drama club with professional actors, the organization of Ukrainian literature evenings, lectures of invited scientists and a discussion of current events in Ukraine.

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Äî 155-ð³÷÷ÿ â³ä äíÿ íàðîäæåííÿ

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Так Марія Заньковецька виглядала на початку своєї кар’єри. Знайомі жартома називали її «білим ведмежатком» This is how Maria Zankovetska looked at the beginning of her career. Friends jokingly called her «little white bear».

Варіації на тему великого життя Чарівна, неперевершена, незрівнянна, геніальна – цими та багатьма іншими не менш високими епітетами сучасники нагороджували гру великої української актриси Марії ЗАНЬКОВЕЦЬКОЇ. На вистави з її участю приходив цар Олександр ІІІ, гетьман Скоропадський, Лев Толстой… Вже стільки років минуло, а доля неперевершеної актриси й досі є приводом для багатьох досліджень. Марія Заньковецька не любила впускати чужих до свого особистого життя, котре так і залишилося овіяним багатьма легендами. Не претендуючи на документальну точність, спробуємо навести лише декілька замальовок, що розкривають мінливу особистість великої Марії.

Олена ПЕРШИНА

ÌÀËÅÍÜÊÀ ÀÊÒÎÐÊÀ Íåâåëè÷êèé ìàºòîê Çàíüêè Í³æèíñüêîãî ïîâ³òó ×åðí³ã³âñüêî¿ ãóáåðí³¿. Ïî÷àòîê ë³òà. Ñîíöå âæå ç³áðàëîñÿ ñïî÷èâàòè, ïðèíîñÿ÷è òèøó òà ñïîê³é óñüîìó íàâêîëî. Àëå â ðîäîâîìó áóäèíêó Àäàñîâñüêèõ ìåòóøíÿ: çíèêëà ïàííî÷êà Ìàð³÷êà. Äâîðîâ³ çáèëèñÿ ç í³ã, øóêàþ÷è ¿¿. Ìàòè â ðîçïà÷³, áàòüêî õàïàº ðóøíèöþ òà ð³øó÷å âèõîäèòü ç äâîðó. Íåùîäàâíî á³ëÿ ìàºòêó îòàáîðèëèñÿ öèãàíè: õòî çíà? Ìîæå, ñàìå âîíè âèêðàëè ëþáó äîíå÷êó? – Øâèäøå çáèðàéòåñÿ! – ï³äãàíÿº ñâî¿õ ðîá³òíèê³â ãîñïîäàð Êîñòÿíòèí Àäàñîâñüêèé. – Íå õâèëþéñÿ, ëþáà, – öå â³í óæå äî äðóæèíè, – ìè ¿¿ çíàéäåìî. À â ñàìîãî îáëè÷÷ÿ ïîõìóðå ³ âîäíî÷àñ ðîçãóáëåíå: ÿê öå òàê – íå âáåðåãëè? – Òà îñü æå âîíà! – êðè÷èòü íàéìè÷êà, âêàçóþ÷è ðóêîþ íà øèðîêó ñòåæèíó. Ñïðàâä³, öÿòêà íà îáð³¿ íàáëèæàºòüñÿ äî ìàºòêó. ×èì áëèæ÷å, òèì á³ëüø ñõîæîþ ñòàº âîíà íà ëàäíó ô³ãóðêó ïàííî÷êè. Àëå ùîñü ç íåþ íå òàê. Âîíà… ìàéæå ãîëà! Áàòüêè á³æàòü íàçóñòð³÷, ñòèñêàþòü â îá³éìàõ ð³äíó êðîâèíî÷êó, äîïèòóþòüñÿ: «Ùî ç òîáîþ? Õòî òåáå îáðàçèâ?». Àëå îáëè÷÷ÿ ä³â÷èíè çîâñ³ì íå çàñìó÷åíå, íàâïàêè – âîíî ùàñëèâå! Âîíà ñì³ºòüñÿ, âèïðó÷óþ÷èñü ç áàòüê³âñüêèõ ðóê, íàìàãàþ÷èñü êð³çü ãàëàñ ðîçïîâ³ñòè ñâîþ íåçâè÷àéíó ³ñòîð³þ. Í³õòî ³ íå äóìàâ ¿¿ âèêðàäàòè. Âîíà ñàìà ï³øëà äî öèãàíñüêîãî òàáîðó, áî öå æ òàê ö³êàâî: ïîäèâèòèñÿ íà ³íøå æèòòÿ, íà ëþäåé, çîâñ³ì íå ñõîæèõ íà òèõ, õòî îòî÷óâàâ ¿¿ äîñ³. Ìàð³éêà áà÷èëà ñòàðó öèãàíêó, ùî íàáèâàëà òþòþíîì ñâîþ íàäòð³ñíóòó ëþëüêó. Ìàñèâíèé í³ñ òà ãîñòðèé ïîãëÿä ðîáèëè ¿¿ ñõîæîþ íà ñòðàøåííó Áàáó ßãó ç êàçîê. À ïîðó÷ ìîëîäà âåðòëÿâà öèãàíî÷êà êîêåòëèâî äåìîíñòðóâàëà ïàðóáêîâ³ ñâî¿ ñòðîêàò³ ñï³äíèö³, ñòð³ëÿëà êàðèìè î÷èìà. À ùå ä³òè: ¿õ áóëî òàê áàãàòî! ² âñ³ âîíè êðóæëÿëè äîâêîëà ìàëî¿ Ìàð³÷êè, õàïàëèñÿ çà ¿¿ ãàðíèé äîðîãèé îäÿã.

– ß òåæ òàêèé õî÷ó, – ïðîñèëà ä³â÷èíêà, çàïîïàäëèâî çàãëÿäàþ÷è â îáëè÷÷ÿ ìîëîäî¿ ïàííî÷êè. – Õî÷åø? Òðèìàé! – ñàìà çàïðîïîíóâàëà äîáðà Ìàð³ÿ. – ² ìåí³, ³ ìåí³! – êàíþ÷èëè ä³òè íàâêðóãè. – Â³çüì³òü, ìåí³ íå øêîäà, – Ìàð³÷êà çí³ìàëà ç ñåáå îäÿã, ðîçäàþ÷è éîãî öèãàíñüêèì ä³òëàõàì. Îñü òàê ³ âèéøëî, ùî äîäîìó âîíà ïîâåðíóëàñÿ ìàéæå ãîëà, àëå ñïîâíåíà ð³çíîìàí³òíèõ âðàæåíü, ÿêèìè ïîò³ì ïîøåïêè ä³ëèëàñÿ ç áðàòàìè. Íå ò³ëüêè ä³ëèëàñÿ, àëå é çîáðàæàëà òî ñòàðó öèãàíêó ç ëþëüêîþ, òî ìîëîäó öèãàíî÷êó. ² òàê äîáðå â íå¿ âèõîäèëî, ùî áðàòè ëèøå äèâóâàëèñÿ: «Òè, Ìàð³÷êî, ñïðàâæíÿ àêòîðêà!» Òà «àêòîðêà» çàïàëà ä³â÷èí³ â äóøó. Ñîëîäêîþ õìàðêîþ îãîðíóëî âñþ ¿¿ ñóòí³ñòü. «Ó ìåíå âèõîäèòü! Âèõîäèòü êîï³þâàòè ³íøèõ, à ìîæå, âèéäå íàâ³òü ³ æèòè ¿õí³ì æèòòÿì!» – ïðî öå äóìàëà âîíà âíî÷³, óÿâëÿþ÷è ñåáå íà âåëèê³é ñöåí³. Ïîäóìêè ëóíàëè îïëåñêè òà êðèêè «Áðàâî!». Àëå ö³º¿ òàºìíèö³ Ìàð³ÿ íå äîâ³ðÿëà í³êîìó.

ÇÂÈ×ÀÉÍÅ ÆÈÒÒß ÄËß ÍÅÇÂÈ×ÀÉÍÎ¯ Æ²ÍÊÈ – ßêà êðàñèâà íàðå÷åíà, ¿é òàê ïàñóº á³ëå. Äóæå ïîùàñòèëî ¿¿ ÷îëîâ³êîâ³. – Á³ëå âñ³ì ïàñóº, à ñòîñîâíî ùàñòÿ, ñêîð³ø öå ¿é ïîòàëàíèëî ç ÷îëîâ³êîì. Â³éñüêîâèé, çàìîæíèé òà ùå é êîõàº ¿¿ äî áåçòÿìè. Ïðèáëèçíî òàê ïåðåø³ïòóâàëèñÿ ðîäè÷³ ìîëîäÿò á³ëÿ öåðêâè. Òîãî äíÿ Ìàð³ÿ Àäàñîâñüêà ñòàëà Õëèñòîâîþ. ¯¿ ÷îëîâ³ê Îëåêñ³é ñïðàâä³ äóæå ¿¿ êîõàâ. À âîíà… Âîíà ö³íóâàëà éîãî â³ääàí³ñòü, éîãî ùèð³ñòü. À êîõàííÿ? Ìàáóòü, òîä³ ¿é çäàâàëîñÿ, ùî ïîâàãà ³ êîõàííÿ – öå îäíå é òå ñàìå, ³ ñåðöå çîâñ³ì íå ïîâèííå øàëåíî êàëàòàòè ïðè ïîãëÿä³ íà ÷îëîâ³êà, áî ïðèñòðàñòü ìèíàº øâèäêî, à ïîâàãà çàëèøàºòüñÿ íàäîâãî. Âèõîäÿ÷è ç öåðêâè, Ìàð³ÿ ðîçóì³ëà, ùî òåïåð íà íå¿ ÷åêàº çâè÷àéíå æèòòÿ çàì³æíüî¿ æ³íêè: ï³äòðèìóâàòè ÷îëîâ³êà, áåðåãòè ñ³ìåéíå âîãíèùå, íàðîäæóâàòè òà âèõîâóâàòè ä³òåé… Ïðî öå òèõå ùàñòÿ ìð³º áàãàòî æ³íîê, òàê ñàìî, ÿê áàãàòî æ³íîê âèð³øèëè á, ùî êàï³òàí Îëåêñ³é Õëèñòîâ – ³äåàëüíà ëþäèíà äëÿ ïîäðóæí³õ ñòîñóíê³â. À ¿é ñóìíî. Áî çäàºòüñÿ, ùî îáðó÷êà íà ïàëüö³ íåìîâ çàáðàëà â íå¿ ùîñü äóæå âàæëèâå, ïðî ùî âîíà òàºìíî ìð³ÿëà âíî÷³, óÿâëÿþ÷è ñåáå íà ñöåí³. – Ïðî ùî çàìð³ÿëàñÿ, ëþáà? – Îëåêñ³é äèâèòüñÿ â ¿¿ îáëè÷÷ÿ çàêîõàíèìè î÷èìà. Ìàð³ÿ ïîñì³õàºòüñÿ ó â³äïîâ³äü: – Òàê, ïóñòå… À ïîò³ì ç`ÿñóºòüñÿ, ùî âñå öå çîâñ³ì íå ïóñòå ³ íåçâè÷àéíà æ³íêà çîâñ³ì íå ïðèñòîñîâàíà äî çâè÷àéíîãî æèòòÿ. Àëå öå áóäå çãîäîì. Ïîêè æ Ìàð³ÿ Õëèñòîâà ö³ëêîì ïåðåêîíëèâà â ðîë³ äîáðî¿ äðóæèíè: âîíà í³æíà ç ÷îëîâ³êîì, ïåðå¿çäèòü ç íèì òóäè, êóäè âèìàãàþòü éîãî ñëóæáîâ³ ñïðàâè. Ìàíäðè ïðèâåäóòü ïîäðóææÿ äî ìîëäàâñüêîãî ì³ñòå÷êà Áåíäåð, ³ ñàìå òàì Ìàð³ÿ ç³òêíåòüñÿ ç òèì, ùî äîñ³ áóëî äëÿ íå¿ íåâ³äîìèì, – ç øàëåíîþ ïðèñòðàñòþ…

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…² ÂÆÅ Í²ÊÎËÈ ÍÅ ÏÎÂÅÐÍÓÒÈÑß ÍÀÇÀÄ Áóâ çâè÷àéíèé âå÷³ð. Ìàð³ÿ ðîçâàæàëà ãîñòåé, ãðàþ÷è íà ðîÿë³ ³ íàñï³âóþ÷è ìîäí³ ðîìàíñè. Â íå¿ ùå ç ï’ÿòíàäöÿòè ðîê³â áàòüêè ïîì³òèëè êðàñèâèé ãîëîñ. Âîíà íàâ³òü áðàëà óðîêè âîêàëó. Ãîñò³ çàëþáêè ñëóõàëè ÷àð³âíå ìåöîñîïðàíî, êîëè äî íüîãî íåñïîä³âàíî ïðèºäíàâñÿ áàðèòîí. Òî áóâ ìîëîäèé êðàñåíü-îô³öåð. Âîíè âæå óäâîõ çàê³í÷èëè ï³ñíþ é îòðèìàëè ö³ëêîì çàñëóæåí³ îïëåñêè. – À âè – ÷óäîâà ïàðà, – ç óñì³øêîþ ïðîìîâèâ õòîñü ³ç ãîñòåé. Àëå öåé í³áèòî æàðò íåñïîä³âàíî ³ äëÿ Ìàð³¿, ³ äëÿ îô³öåðà çìóñèâ îáëè÷÷ÿ îáîõ ïàëàòè. Ìàáóòü, êîõàííÿ ì³æ íèìè âèíèêëî ò³º¿ ñàìî¿ ìèò³, êîëè ¿õí³ ãîëîñè ñïëåëèñÿ â îäíîìó ñï³â³. ² âñå! Ðîçì³ðåíå ïîäðóæíº æèòòÿ òð³ñíóëî íàçàâæäè, íåìîâ ïðîðâàâñÿ êîêîí, âèïóñêàþ÷è íà âîëþ ÿñêðàâîãî ìåòåëèêà. Ç òîãî ÷àñó äîë³ Ìàð³¿ òà Ìèêîëè Òîá³ëåâè÷à (ñàìå òàê çâàëè ìîëîäîãî êðàñåíÿ) áóäóòü ò³ñíî ïîâ’ÿçàí³, à íåâäîâç³ ì³æ íèìè ç`ÿâèòüñÿ òðåò³é, ³ ³ì`ÿ éîìó áóäå ÒÅÀÒÐ. …Ìàð³ÿ ðîçëó÷èëàñÿ ç ÷îëîâ³êîì. Òîä³ öå áóëî çîâñ³ì íåëåãêî, áî öåðêîâíèé øëþá ñïðèéìàâñÿ ñóñï³ëüñòâîì ÿê äàíèé ðàç ³ íàçàâæäè. Íå ïðîáà÷èâ òàêó ïîâåä³íêó äîíüö³ é áàòüêî, çàÿâèâ, ùî ïîðèâàº ç íåþ áóäü-ÿê³ ñòîñóíêè. Êîëèñü ïåðåñòàëà ³ñíóâàòè Ìàð³ÿ Àäàñîâñüêà, áî ïåðåòâîðèëàñü íà Õëèñòîâó, òåïåð «ïîìåðëà» Õëèñòîâà, íàòîì³ñòü íàðîäèëàñÿ Çàíüêîâåöüêà – òà, ÷èº ³ì`ÿ íàçàâæäè çàëèøèòüñÿ â ³ñòîð³¿ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ òà ñâ³òîâî¿ ñöåíè.

«ÆÈÒÒß – ÒÅÀÒÐ, ² ËÞÄÈ Â ÍÜÎÌÓ – ÀÊÒÎÐÈ» Ìèêîëà Òîá³ëåâè÷ ïðèâí³ñ ó æèòòÿ Ìàð³¿ íå ëèøå ïðèñòðàñòü. Ñàì îô³öåð âæå äàâíî ö³êàâèâñÿ òåàòðàëüíèì æèòòÿì, à ñåðåä éîãî äðóç³â áóëè ò³, êîìó âèïàëà äîëÿ ñòâîðþâàòè óêðà¿íñüêå òåàòðàëüíå ìèñòåöòâî. Íàñàìïåðåä ñë³ä ïðèãàäàòè Ìàðêà Êðîïèâíèöüêîãî, ÿêîãî ç ïî-

Хустинка Наймички, в ролі якої Заньковецька була неперевершеною. Подібну хустку вона подарувала Льву Толстому, і він зберігав її все життя. Сама актриса купувала велику кількість хустинок, бо багато хто з її шанувальників мріяв мати таку hireling’s scarf, the role in which Zankovetska was unsurpassed. A similar scarf she gave to Lev Tolstoy, and he kept it for all his life. The actress bought a large number of scarves, because many of her fans wanted to have it âíèì ïðàâîì íàçèâàþòü áàòüêîì óêðà¿íñüêîãî òåàòðó. Òðåáà çàóâàæèòè, ùî Êðîïèâíèöüêèé íå îäðàçó ðîçãëåä³â ó ñîðîì’ÿçëèâ³é òåíä³òí³é ïàííî÷ö³ ìàéáóòíþ ëåãåíäó ñöåíè. Àëå âæå ¿¿ äåáþò ó «Íàòàëö³-Ïîëòàâö³» 27 æîâòíÿ 1882 ðîêó çàñâ³ä÷èâ, ùî íàðîäèëàñÿ íîâà àêòðèñà íîâîãî òåàòðó. Â³äòàê Êðîïèâíèöüêèé çàâæäè ïèøàâñÿ, ùî ñòàâ ¿¿ ñöåí³÷íèì áàòüêîì. Ìàáóòü, íåìîæëèâî óÿâèòè æèòòÿ ñïðàâæíüîãî àðòèñòà áåç ì³ñòèô³êàö³é ³ â ðåàëüíîñò³, áî ñïðàâæíº àêòîðñòâî íå çàëèøèø íà ñöåí³ – îáîâ’ÿçêîâî â³çüìåø ³ç ñîáîþ. Ðîçïî÷àâøè íîâó ñòîð³íêó ñâîãî æèòòÿ, Ìàð³ÿ çì³íèëà íå ëèøå ïð³çâèùå. Íîâèì âèÿâèâñÿ ³ ð³ê ¿¿ íàðîäæåííÿ. Ó âèïðàâëåíèõ äîêóìåíòàõ àêòðèñà âêàçàëà, ùî ç`ÿâèëàñÿ íà ñâ³ò 1860 ðîêó. Ìîæëèâî, ñïðàâæíüîþ ïðè÷èíîþ äëÿ öüîãî ñòàâ ¿¿ êîõàíèé ÷îëîâ³ê Òîá³ëåâè÷, ÿêèé áóâ ìîëîäøèì çà íå¿ íà äâà ðîêè. Îò àêòðèñà ³ â³äêèíóëà çàéâèé â³ê, ïîìîëîäøàâøè íà ø³ñòü ðîê³â.

ÑÏÐÀÂÆÍ²É ÔÓÐÎÐ!

Театральні костюми Марії Заньковецької Maria Zankovetska’s costumes

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

– Ìàð³º Êîñòÿíòèí³âíî! Ñàì öàð ïðè¿õàâ ïîäèâèòèñÿ âàøó ãðó! – øåïîò³ëà ñëóæíèöÿ, ãðèìóþ÷è àêòðèñó. Çàíüêîâåöüêà çáåð³ãàëà ñïîê³é. Âîíà íàâ³òü íå ïî÷óëà öèõ ñë³â. Áî é ñàìî¿ Ìàð³¿ Çàíüêîâåöüêî¿ âæå íå ³ñíóâàëî – âîíà ïåðåðîäèëàñÿ â ñâîþ ãåðî¿íþ Íàéìè÷êó. Ê³ëüêà ãîäèí íà ñöåí³ âîíà òåïåð… í³, íå ãðàòèìå – æèòèìå! ² ñëüîçè, ³ á³ëü, ³ ñòðàæäàííÿ áóäóòü ïðàâäèâèìè. À ïîò³ì Íàéìè÷êó äóæå çäèâóþòü îïëåñêè, ùî òðèâàòèìóòü òðè (!) ãîäèíè ïîñï³ëü. Âîíà ïîòðîõó ïîâåðòàòèìåòüñÿ íàçàä, çíîâ ïåðåòâîðþþ÷èñü íà ãåí³àëüíó àêòðèñó. Ãðà Çàíüêîâåöüêî¿ áóëà òàêîþ ïðàâäèâîþ, ùî íàâ³òü â³äîì³ ïñèõ³àòðè òîãî ÷àñó âîäèëè ñâî¿õ ñòóäåíò³â íà ñïåêòàêë³ àêòðèñè çàðàäè äåòàëüíîãî âèâ÷åííÿ ëþäñüêèõ åìîö³é. …ßêîñü äî ¿¿ ãðèìåðíî¿ çàâ³òàâ â³äîìèé ðîñ³éñüêèé òåàòðàëüíèé êðèòèê Ñóâîð³í.

– Ãîñïîæà Çàíüêîâåöêàÿ, – ïîâ³ëüíî ïî÷àâ â³í, – â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü, õî÷ó âûñêàçàòü âîñõèùåíèå Âàøèì òàëàíòîì. Äàæå íåò – âàøåé ãåíèàëüíîñòüþ! Âû – âåëèêàÿ àêòðèñà, íî íå êàæåòñÿ ëè Âàì, ÷òî ðåïåðòóàð, â êîòîðîì áëèñòàåò Âàøå äàðîâàíèå, ñëèøêîì óçîê? Âû ñäåëàåòå ÷åñòü äàæå ìèðîâîé ñöåíå, óêðàñèòå ìèðîâóþ êëàññèêó. À âìåñòî ýòîãî âûñòóïàåòå â ýòèõ ìàëîðîññêèõ, âî ìíîãîì êàðòîííûõ, ïèåñêàõ… Áîëüøàÿ ñöåíà æäåò Âàñ! – ß âæå íà âåëèê³é ñöåí³, – Çàíüêîâåöüêà ð³øó÷å ïåðåðâàëà ïîò³ê êðèòèêîâîãî êðàñíîìîâñòâà. – À â òîìó, ùî ï’ºñè íàøèõ àâòîð³â âèõîäÿòü äåùî íåíàòóðàëüíèìè, âèííà âàøà öåíçóðà! …Âîíà ìîãëà çðîáèòè âåëèêîþ áóäü-ÿêó ðîëü ³ ñâîºþ òâîð÷³ñòþ äîâåëà, ùî ñïðàâæíüîìó òàëàíòîâ³ íå îáîâ’ÿçêîâî ãðàòè Äæóëüºòòó, àáè âèÿâèòè íàäçâè÷àéíî âèñîêèé ð³âåíü ìàéñòåðíîñò³. Ó êîë³ øàíóâàëüíèê³â âåëèêî¿ àêòðèñè áóëè íàéâ³äîì³ø³ ä³ÿ÷³ ðîñ³éñüêî¿ êóëüòóðè. Ëåâ Òîëñòîé çáåð³ãàâ, ÿê ðåë³êâ³þ, õóñòèíêó, ïîäàðîâàíó éîìó Ìàð³ºþ Çàíüêîâåöüêîþ ï³ñëÿ ñïåêòàêëþ «Íàéìè÷êà». ×àéêîâñüêèé íà ñöåí³ Îäåñüêîãî òåàòðó ï³äí³ñ ¿é ëàâðîâèé â³íîê ç íàïèñîì «Áåçñìåðòí³é â³ä ñìåðòíîãî». Îäèí ç íåáàãàòüîõ ñåðåä ðîñ³éñüêèõ ïèñüìåííèê³â-àïîëîãåò³â Óêðà¿íè, ²âàí Áóí³í ïëàêàâ íà ¿¿ ñïåêòàêëÿõ...

«…ß ÂÑÅ ÒÎÁ² ÂÈÁÀ×ÀÞ» À ÿê ñêëàëîñÿ æèòòÿ àêòðèñè ïîçà ñöåíîþ? «Ïîðîæíüî âñå íàâêîëî, ïîðîæíüî â äóø³ ìî¿é, ïîðîæíüî ñêð³çü, ³ õîäæó ÿ, íà÷å âáèòèé, íà÷å çàñóäæåíèé äî ñòðàòè. ×îãî ìè, ëþáëÿ÷è îäíå îäíîãî, íå ìîæåìî íå ñâàðèòèñÿ? Ùî ëþáëþ ÿ ëèøå òåáå ºäèíó ³ í³êîëè ëþáèòè í³êîãî ³íøîãî òàê íå áóäó – â öüîìó ñâ³äîê Áîã. Íàâ³ùî æ òè òàêà ï³äîçð³ëà, ùî âñ³ çàïåâíåííÿ íå ñïðîìîæí³ òåáå ïåðåêîíàòè í³ â ÷îìó? Àäæå æ òè ìîÿ, ÿ ïðèñÿãàþñÿ íåáîì!» – òàê ïèñàâ äî Ìàð³¿ Ìèêîëà Òîá³ëåâè÷. Àëå æ³íêà áóëà íåâáëàãàííà. Âîíà âèêðåñëèëà êîëèøíüîãî êîõàíîãî ç³ ñâîãî æèòòÿ. Êàæóòü, ùî íå çìîãëà âèáà÷èòè éîìó ÷èñëåííèõ çðàä. Íà æàëü, òàê ÷àñòî áóâàº: çàêîõàíèé ÷îëîâ³ê îá³öÿº íåìîæëèâå, à ïîò³ì íå ðîáèòü ³ òîãî, ùî éîìó ï³ä ñèëó. À ÿêùî êàçàòè ïðî ïîäàðóíêè êîõàí³é ëþäèí³, òî, ìîæå, é íå âàðòî îá³öÿòè ç³ðêó ç íåáà? Äëÿ íàéêðàùîãî äàðó â³ðí³ñòü ö³ëêîì ï³ä³éäå. Ñàìà Ìàð³ÿ Çàíüêîâåöüêà íå ðîçïîâ³äàëà ïðî ñâî¿ ñòîñóíêè ç Òîá³ëåâè÷åì ³ ðîçðèâ ç íèì. ßêîñü ïðîìîâèëà ñóõî: – Â³í äóæå ìåíå îáðàçèâ. …1933 ðîêó Òîá³ëåâè÷ ïîìåð. Àêòðèñà íå ï³øëà íà ïîõîðîí. Êàæóòü, ïîìèðàþ÷è, Ìèêîëà âñå áëàãàâ, ùîá ¿¿ ïîêëèêàëè. Ãîâîðèâ, ÿê òÿæêî çàâèíèâ ¿é… Ìàð³¿ Çàíüêîâåöüê³é ïåðåêàçàëè ò³ ïåðåäñìåðòí³ ñëîâà. – ß ïðîáà÷èëà éîìó, – â³äïîâ³ëà àêòðèñà. – Òåïåð ³ ìåí³ ÷àñ ïîìèðàòè. Âîíà ïåðåæèëà Òîá³ëåâè÷à ëèøå íà ï³âòîðà ðîêó. Ïîõîâàëè ¿¿ íåäàëåêî â³ä éîãî ìîãèëè…

Magic, unsurpassed, incomparable, ingenious – with these and many other highly-ranked epithets contemporaries have rewarded the performances of the Great Ukrainian actress Maria Zankovetska. Tsar Alexander III, hetman Skoropadsky and Leo Tolstoy had attended plays she participated in. Ages have passed but even up to now the fate of the unsurpassed actress continues to be a field for much research. Maria Zankovetska did not like to let strangers into a personal life that yet remained shrouded with many legends. Not being precisely documented, we will try to give just a few of the sketches that uncover the changeable personality of the Great Maria.

Devoted to a 155th anniversary

Olena PERSHINA

LITTLE ACTRESS

Залишитися на сцені назавжди... Maria Zankovetska’s forever ...

Maria Zankovetska is an artistic symbol of the Ukrainian Variations on the nation subject of a great life

A small estate named Zanky, in Nizhynsky district, Chernigiv region. The beginning of summer. The sun is about to disappear from the scene, bringing quiet and rest all around. But a bustle is in the air of the Adasovsky family house: a young lady Marichka has disappeared. Houseserfs ran their legs off, searching for her. Mother is in despair; father has already grasped a gun and resolutely goes out from the yard. A gipsy camp had settled not long ago by the estate: who knows? Maybe they are the very people who had stolen a dear daughter? – Set yourself out faster! – Kostyantyn Adasovskyy, the owner, shouts at the workers. – Don’t worry, honey, – now he talks to his wife, – we will find her. Nevertheless his face looks gloomy and at the same time confused: how come nobody protected her? – But here she is! – a hireling yells, pointing at a wide path. Indeed, a dot on the horizon approaches the estate. As it gets closer, it looks more like the tender figure of a young lady. But something is wrong with her. She’s almost naked! Parents hurry to meet her, squeezing the native beads in their hands, showering her with questions: «What had happened to you? Who offended you?». But the face of the girl is not distressed at all, on the contrary it is happy! She laughs, twisting out of paternal hands, trying to tell the unusual history through the bustle. Nobody ever intended to steal her. She went off to the gipsy camp herself, because it is so much more interesting: to take a glance at another life, at people, not quite alike

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Так Марія Заньковецька виглядала в останні роки свого життя This is how Maria Zankovetska looked in her last years later. By now Maria Khlystova has been completely convincing in the role of a good wife: she is tender with her husband, moves with him to the places his official businesses requires. And trips will lead the married couple to the Moldavian township of Bendery, and it will be the place where Maria will face something unknown before: with vehement passion.

...AND NEVER YET TO COME BACK

Їдальня в квартирі актриси. На столі порцеляновий сервіз заводу Кузнєцова. Подібними користувалися царські особи. Актрисі подарували сервіз на знак великої пошани її таланту Dining room in the actress’s apartment. There is a porcelain set produced by Kuznetsov’s factory on the table. The Royal family used similar sets. The actress was given this service as a sign of great respect for her talent as those, who have been surrounding her all the time. Mariyka saw an old Gipsy lady filling a semicracked pipe with tobacco. Massive nose and a sharp look made her similar to the frightful Baba Yaga from the well-known fairy-tales. Alongside, a young fidgety Gipsy girl was coquettishly demonstrating her bright skirts, making her brown eyes at a lad. And children: there were so many of them! And all of them were twirling around little Marichka, grabbing at her good expensive clothes. – I want it also, – a girl asked, flatteringly glancing into the face of the young lady. – Do you? Go ahead, take it! –Mariya offered by herself. – And me and me! – the children were wailing around. – Take it, I don’t grudge it, – Marichka was taking off her clothes, distributing them among the Gipsy kids. That’s the way it happened, she returned home almost naked, but full of various impressions sharing them in a whisper with her brothers and not only sharing but also demonstrating, both the old Gipsy lady with a pipe as well as the young Gipsy girl. And it turned out to be so good for her, that her brothers were amazed by her: «Marichka, you’re a real actress!» «Actress». This word lingered on in the girlish soul. All her essence is wrapped with a sweet cloud. «I can do that! I can imitate others or even live their lives!». That is what she was thinking about at night, imagining herself on a large stage. Applause and screams «Bully for you!» were heard in her head. Nevertheless Mariya didn’t trust these innermost thoughts to anybody.

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ORDINARY LIFE FOR AN UNUSUAL WOMAN – What a beautiful fiancée, white befits her so well. Her husband should be very happy. – White befits everybody, and if we take it to the point of happiness, most likely she turns out to be happy with a husband. A military man, well-todo and loves her to distraction. This is the approximate way relatives were exchanging remarks about the married couple, standing in the church. That day Maria Adasovska transformed into Khlystova. Her husband, Olexiy, indeed loved her very much. And she... She appreciated his devotion, his sincerity. And love? Probably at that time it seemed to her that respect and love are the same things, and her heart shouldn’t be beating furiously while looking at the man, because passion passes quickly, but respect remains for ages. Leaving the church, Maria realized an ordinary life of a married woman extended in front of her hereafter: to support a man, to keep the domestic hearth burning, to give birth and bring up children. Many women dream about this quiet happiness, as well as they would consider the captain, Olexiy Khlystov, as a perfect man for matrimonial relations. Nevertheless she feels sad. It seems to her as if a wedding ring on a finger cut off something from her, something very important, she had secretly been dreaming about at night, imagining herself on the stage. – What are you thinking about, darling? – Oleksiy looks into her face with his eyes full of love. Maria smiles in response: – Oh, nothing in particular. And then it will turn out that there was something in that, and an unusual woman isn’t adjusted at all to an ordinary life. But all of it will happen

It was a usual evening. Maria was entertaining guests, playing the piano and singing modern romances at that time. Since the time she was fifteen, her parents had noticed her beautiful voice. She had even had singing lessons. The guests were enjoying listening to a magic mezzosoprano, when suddenly a baritone unexpectedly joined it. A young very handsome officer joined the hostess. They had finished the song together and got a truly deserved applause. – And you are a wonderful couple, – said one of the guests with a smile on his face. But this alleged joke suddenly made Maria, as well as officer, blush. Who knows, maybe love between them arose since the very second their voices interlaced with one another in the singing. And that’s all! Measured married life had cracked forever, as if a cocoon was broken through, releasing a bright butterfly. Since then the destinies of Maria and Mykola Tobilevych (this was the name of that young and handsome guy) would be closely interrelated with each other and soon there will the third appear between them, and the name of it would be: THEATER. …Maria divorced from her husband. At that time it was rather difficult to do, because a marriage, blessed by a church was perceived by society as given once and for all. Her father did not forgive such misbehavior of a daughter. He declared to break off any relationship with her. At that time Maria Adasovska ceased to exist, because she was transformed into Khlystova, and now Khlystova «died», and Zankovetska was born, the one, whose name will remain in history of the Ukrainian and world stage forever.

«LIFE IS A THEATER AND PEOPLE ARE ACTORS IN IT» Mykola Tobilevych brought to Maria’s life not only passion. The officer had already been interested in theatre life a long time and there were those among his friends who were fated to raise up Ukrainian dramatic art. Above all it is necessary to mention Marko Kropyvnytskyy who is fairly considered the father of Ukrainian theatre. We should note that Kropyvnytskyy didn’t notice at once a future legend of the stage in the bashful tender young lady. But yet her first debut in «NatalkaPoltavka» on October 27, 1882, demonstrated that

a new actress of theater was born. Since then Kropyvnytskyy has always been proud of becoming her stage father. Probably it is impossible to imagine the life of a real actor with no mystifications in real life, because real acting techniques cannot be left at the stage – you’ll definitely take them with you. Opening a new page of her life, Maria changed not only her last name. Her date of birth turned out to be different as well. In updated documents the actress mentioned that she was born in 1860. Maybe the real reason for that was her loving husband Tobilevych, who was two years younger than she. And so the actress cast aside superfluous years, becoming six years younger.

A REAL SENSATION! Maria Kostyantynivna! The tsar himself has arrived to watch your performance! – a girl-servant whispered while making up the actress. Zankovetska maintained tranquil. She did not even hear these words. Because Maria Zankovetska herself did not exist anymore. She was re-born into her heroine – Hireling. From now on for a few hours on the stage she will be… no, not acting, but living! Tears, pain, as well as suffering will be truthful. And then «Hireling» will be very surprised by applause that will last three hours in a row. Step by step she will be getting back, turning into the genius actress. Zankovetska’s play was so truthful, that even well-known psychiatrists of that time were taking their students to the actress’ performances in order to get a chance to examine human emotions in greater detail.

…Once a famous Russian critic paid a call on her make-up room. – Ms. Zankovetska, – he began slowly, – first of all I’d like to express my admiration for your talent. No, not even talent, but for your genius! You are a great actress, though doesn’t it seem to you the repertoire your gift is shining in is too tight? It will be an honor even for a world stage; you’ll beautify the world classic. But instead you perform in these maloros, narrowed in many respects and poor plays... Great stage is waiting for you. – I am already on the great stage, – Zankovetska resolutely interrupted the eloquent stream of the critic. – And it is the fault of your censorship that our authors’ plays turn out to be a bit unnatural! ...She could make a great role out of anything and she proved with her creative work that it is not necessary for a real talent to play Juliet to demonstrate the high-ranked level of her acting techniques. There were the most known Russian cultural workers in the circle of the great actress’ admirers. Leo Tolstoy kept, as a relict, a handkerchief, given as a present to him by Maria Zankovetska after the «Hireling» performance. Chaykovskyy at the Odessa theater stage presented her a laurel chaplet inscripted «To an immortal from a mortal». Ivan Bunin, one of a few Russian writers-apologists of Ukraine, was crying during her plays...

«…I EXCUSE YOU FOR EVERYTHING» But what was the life of an actress beyond the stage like?

BRIEF INFORMATION August 4, 1854 – Maria Zankovetska was born in Zanky village not far from Nizhyn, Chernigiv region in the family of squire Adasovskyy. 1875 – married staff-captain Olexiy Khlystov. 1882 – Ukrainian theater, even with limitations, was allowed. Maria under the pseudonym of Zankovetska makes her debut in Elysavetgrad (present-day Kirovograd) as a part of Kropyvnytskyy troupe in the role of Natalka Poltavka. Petro is played by Tobilevych (Sadovskyy). Afterwards Zankovetska breaks up with Khlystov. 1887 – tours of Kropyvnytskyy troupe in Petersburg. Success turned out to be so significant, that for the first time in history a provincial troupe was allowed to perform at the emperor’s theater, in the presence of a tsar. 1922 – she confers the rank of republic national actress. Soon she abandons the stage. October 4, 1934 – she died and was buried at Baykove cemetery next to Sadovskyy’s grave.

«Empty all around, emptiness in my soul, emptiness everywhere, and I walk as if I’m dead, as though I’m condemned to execution. Why do we, loving each other, cannot but quarrel? That I love only you the one and will never love anyone else that much, herein witnessed by God. Why are you so suspicious, that no assertions can assure you of anything? After all, you’re mine, I swear on the sky!» – that is what Mykola Tobilevych wrote to Maria. But the woman was inexorable. She struck her former beloved out of her life. People say she couldn’t forgive him numerous infidelities. Unfortunately it happens quite often when a beloved man promises the impossible and later on doesn’t fulfill things that are even within his strength. And if we talk about gifts to a fiancée, maybe there’s no need to promise stars from a sky? Faithfulness can ever be the best gift. Maria Zankovetska herself didn’t talk at all about her relationship with Tobilevych and kept quiet about a brake up with him. Once she said stiffly: He hurt my feelings very much. … In 1933 Tobilevych had died. The actress didn’t attend the funeral. People say Mykola kept begging her to be called before his death. He said he was terribly guilty of her… Maria Zankovetska said these words. I excused him, – said the actress.– It’s time for me to die as well. She lived one and a half years longer than Tobilevych. She was buried not far from his grave.

СТИСЛІ ВІДОМОСТІ

Марія Костянтинівна Заньковецька. Горельєф на будинку-музеї актриси Maria Kostyantynivna Zankovetska. High relief at the actress’s house-museum

1854, 4 серпня – Марія Заньковецька народилася в селі Заньки під Ніжином на Чернігівщині в сім’ї поміщика Костянтина Адасовського. 1875 – виходить заміж за штабс-капітана Олексія Хлистова. 1882 – український театр, хоч і з обмеженнями, дозволили. Марія під псевдонімом Заньковецька дебютує в Єлисаветграді (нині Кіровоград) у трупі Марка Кропивницького в ролі Наталки Полтавки. Петра грає Микола Тобілевич (Садовський). Згодом Заньковецька розлучається з Хлистовим. 1887 – гастролі трупи Кропивницького в Петербурзі. Це був успіх – уперше в історії провінційна трупа змогла грати в імператорському театрі за присутності самого царя. 1922 – отримує звання народної артистки республіки. Незабаром залишає сцену. 1934, 4 жовтня – Марія Заньковецька померла, її поховали на Байковому кладовищі поблизу Садовського.

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Â²ÄÊÐÈÒÀ ÄÓØÀ затіненого невільництвом народу ÑÒÎÐ²ÍÊÀÌÈ ÄÎË² Í²ÍÈ ÌÀÒÂ²ÅÍÊÎ

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Микола ЖУЛИНСЬКИЙ – український літературознавець, доктор філологічних наук, професор, академік НАН України, директор Інституту літератури ім. Т. Г. Шевченка НАН України, голова Національної ради при Президентові України з питань культури та духовності, голова комітету з Національної премії України імені Тараса Шевченка, голова Наглядової ради журналу «ІМІДЖ.UA».

àãàäóþ ëåëåêó, ÿêèé ïîâ³ëüíî ñòóïàº øèðîêîþ íèâîþ ³ âèäçüîáóº äèâîâèæí³ ñëîâà, «çàïëåòåí³» â ê³ñêè, ïðèõîðîøåí³ ï³ñíÿìè-êâ³òàìè, ïðèñë³â’ÿìè, ïðèêàçêàìè, êàëàìáóðàìè, àíåêäîòàìè, ì³í³-íîâåëàìè… Ï³äí³ìàþ çàõîïëåíîãî äçüîáà äî íåáåñíî¿ íèâè, í³ì³þ-äèâóþñÿ, ÿêå çà÷àðóâàííÿ ñëîâîì êîëîñèòüñÿ íà ï³ñåíí³é äîë³ ö³º¿ çàëþáëåíî¿ â íàðîäíå îáðàçíå ñëîâî æ³íêè. Ìë³º óêðà¿íñüêèé ñâ³ò â³ä ï³ñåííîãî ÷àðó Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî ³ â ïåðåâàæí³é ñâî¿é á³ëüøîñò³ íå çäîãàäóºòüñÿ, ÿêà ìàã³ÿ åñòåòè÷íîãî çàìèëóâàííÿ ñëîâîì çàòàºíà â ¿¿ ëèñòàõ, ïîåç³ÿõ, ùîäåííèêîâèõ çàïèñàõ, ä³àëîãàõ, ñïîãàäàõ, ó íîòàòêàõ ç ãàñòðîëåé êðà¿íàìè ñâ³òó… Òðåáà æ òàê ðîçãîðíóòè ïåðåä ëþäüìè á³ëî-÷îðíèé ñóâ³é âëàñíî¿ äóø³ – â³äêðèòèñÿ ÷åñíî, ðîçëîãî, ç ìîëèòîâíîþ ñïîâ³äàëüí³ñòþ âèïîâ³ñòè ñâî¿ äèòÿ÷³ ðàäîù³, òóðáîòè ³ ïðèêðîù³, çîêðåìà, ñâîº ðîäèííå ãîðå, ñïðè÷èíåíå ï’ÿíèì áóéñòâîì áàòüêà, ³ ïîãàñèòè éîãî ùàñëèâèì ïåðåæèâàííÿì äóõîâíîãî ºäíàííÿ ðîäó. Âò³øàííÿ ðîäèíîþ, êðàñîþ ïðèðîäè, ìàã³ºþ ëþäñüêîãî ñï³ëêóâàííÿ, ùåáåòëèâå âèïîâ³äàííÿ ïî÷óòîãî, ïåðåæèòîãî, â³äëóíåíîãî ç êðèíèö³ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ ³ñòîð³¿, ñìàêóâàííÿ ï³ñíåþ ÿê íàðîä-

íîþ äîëåþ – òðàã³÷íîþ é ãåðî¿÷íîþ, óïîñë³äæåíîþ ³ ùàñëèâîþ, ïåðåæèâàííÿ íàðîäíî¿ ï³ñí³, ÿê äîë³ âëàñíî¿ äèòèíè – âñå öå ³ á³ëüøå, áàãàòî á³ëüøå âñüîãî öüîãî æèâå â êíèæö³ Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî «Îé âèîðþ íèâêó øèðîêóþ». Óêðà¿íñüêèé öåíòð íàðîäíî¿ êóëüòóðè «Ìóçåé ²âàíà Ãîí÷àðà», ãîòóþ÷è äî äðóêó êíèæêó, ïðàãíóâ â³äêðèòè öèì «çîëîòèì êëþ÷èêîì», ÿêèì º ãîëîñ ³ òâîð÷³ñòü Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî, âõ³ä äî ñêàðáíèö³ äóõîâíî¿ êóëüòóðè óêðà¿íö³â. Òîìó ÷àð îïîâ³äíîãî ñëîâà ñï³âà÷êè îðãàí³÷íî ïîºäíóºòüñÿ ç ìàã³ºþ ï³ñí³, ç ïåðåæèâàííÿì äîë³ ñàìî¿ ï³ñí³ òà âèïîâ³äàíî¿ â í³é ³ñòîðè÷íî¿ ³ äóõîâíî¿ äîë³ ð³äíîãî íàðîäó, ¿¿ äî÷îê ³ ñèí³â. Ñîòí³ òèñÿ÷ óêðà¿íñüêèõ íàðîäíèõ ï³ñåíü – íåâè÷åðïíå äæåðåëî ï³çíàííÿ ³ñòîð³¿ íàðîäó, ð³äíîãî êðàþ, áàãàòî â ÷îìó ùå íå ï³çíàíèé ñâ³ò íàðîäæåííÿ é óòâåðäæåííÿ óñíîãî íàðîäíîãî îáðàçíîãî ìèñëåííÿ òà éîãî îæèâëåííÿ-îçâó÷åííÿ â ìåëîä³¿. Òàêà ãàðìîí³ÿ òåêñòó ìåëîä³¿, ÿêó âèðàæàº óêðà¿íñüêà íàðîäíà ï³ñíÿ, – ïëàíåòàðíà åñòåòè÷íà ð³äê³ñòü. ßêùî çàëèøèëèñÿ â íàðîäí³é ïàì’ÿò³ òàê³ ãàðìîí³éí³ – â îðãàí³÷í³é ºäíîñò³ ñëîâà ³ ìóçèêè – øåäåâðè ï³ñåííî¿ òâîð÷îñò³ íàøîãî íàðîäó, òî öå ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî îáäàðóâàííÿ óêðà¿íö³â – òâîðö³â òà íîñ³¿â óí³êàëüíîãî íàðîäíîãî ìåëîñó. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ñâ³é ïðèðîäíèé äàð îñîáëèâî ÷óòëèâîãî ñïðèéíÿòòÿ îáðàçíîãî ñëîâà â ï³ñí³ çóì³ëà òàê åìîö³éíî ÷èñòî, ç ÿêîþñü ìîëèòîâíîþ «îäåðæèì³ñòþ» ïîäàòè ëþäÿì, ùî ¿¿ ï³ñí³, ñàìå ¿¿, â íàòõíåííîìó ïåðåæèâàíí³ âèïîðõíóâøè ç ¿¿ äóø³, íà÷å ïðîðîñëè â í³é, ñòàëè «Í³íèíèìè», ñïðèéìàþòüñÿ ëèøå â ¿¿ âèêîíàíí³ ³ áàãàòüìà íå óÿâëÿþòüñÿ «æèâèìè», ÿêùî íå âèñï³âàí³ ¿¿ ãîëîñîì, ¿¿ äóøåþ. Ñàìà æ ñï³âà÷êà ñîá³ çàïîâ³äàëà: «Í³íà ïîâèííà áóòè ï³ñíåþ, ìóñèòü…» ³ óÿâëÿëà öå ïåðåâò³ëåííÿ â ï³ñíþ, ïåðåñåëåííÿ âëàñíî¿ äóø³ â äóøó ï³ñí³ ÿê ñâÿùåííèé àêò äóõîâíî¿ ³íêàðíàö³¿. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ö³ ìèò³ çðîùåííÿ ç ï³ñíåþ, «âæèâëåííÿ» ñåáå â ï³ñíþ ïåðåæèâàëà ç îñîáëèâîþ òðèâîãîþ – ÷è â³äáóäåòüñÿ öå çëèòòÿ äâîõ, ¿¿ òà ï³ñí³, ñåðäåöü? Îïå÷àëåíà òèì, ùî íà Äåíü Ðàäÿíñüêî¿ àðì³¿ â Óêîîïñï³ëö³ ¿¿ íåóâàæíî ñëóõàëè, ñï³âà÷êà ïåðåæèâàº íå òàê çà ñåáå, ÿê çà ñâîþ ï³ñíþ – ÷è íå îáðàçèëàñÿ âîíà íà ëþäåé, ÿê³ íåïîøòèâî ¿¿ ñïðèéìàëè: «Ìîÿ ï³ñíÿ íåâèííî òóëèëàñÿ äî ìåíå, ëþáîâíî îá³éìàëà, çàñïîêîþâàëà, ìåí³ àæ ñîðîìíî ñòàëî ðàïòîì. ßêå ÿ ìàëà ïðàâî íå â³ðèòè ¿é, ÿê ÿ ìîãëà ñóìí³âà-

òèñü? Ìè îáíÿëèñÿ ñèëüíî, ³ íàø³ ñåðöÿ çëèëèñÿ âîºäèíî, íàøå ñåðöå ñòàëî îäíèì». Öÿ ñâîºð³äíà ñàìîïîñâÿòà óêðà¿íñüê³é ï³ñí³ âèâèùóºòüñÿ äî âèñîêî¿ æåðòîâíîñò³, ñîëîäêîãî äóõîâíîãî ñàìîðîçï’ÿòòÿ çàðàäè æèòòÿ ï³ñí³, ÿêà äëÿ Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî º ³ çîéêîì âëàñíî¿ äóø³, ³ ñïîâ³ääþ ïåðåä ð³äíèì íàðîäîì, ³ ìîðåì ëþáîâ³, â ÿêîìó ðîçêîøóº ¿¿ äóøà. Â áàãàòüîõ ëèñòàõ, îñîáëèâî äî Ðîìàíà Ä³äóëè, ó ùîäåííèêîâèõ ñïîâ³äÿõ, ó öèõ äóøåâíî ÷èñòèõ íîâåëàõ, îáðàçêàõ, øï³öàõ ñò³ëüêè åìîö³éíîãî âîãíþ, îáðàçíîãî áëèñêó, ñòèëüîâî¿ âèøóêàíîñò³, ùî àæ äóõ çàáèâàº. ² âñå òîìó, ùî Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ëþáèòü ìèëóâàòèñÿ, âò³øàòèñÿ ñëîâîì, îæèâëþâàòè ïî÷óò³ ä³àëîãè, ñìàêóâàòè êóìåäí³ ñèòóàö³¿, «âèëóùóâàòè» ç³ øêàðàëóïè áóäåíùèíè õàðàêòåðè ³ âèâîäèòè ¿õ ïåðåä ëþäñüê³ î÷³. Öå æ òðåáà òàê ìàéñòåðíî, ÷åðåç ðåïåòèö³¿, çàâäÿêè îñîáèñòèì âðàæåííÿìñïðèéíÿòòÿì ÷îðíî-á³ëî âèïèñàòè Àíàòîë³ÿ Àâä³ºâñüêîãî, Àâäºÿ! «Æîäåí ó ñâ³ò³ ÷îëîâ³ê íå ìàº òàêîãî êîëîñàëüíîãî òåðï³ííÿ ùîäî ïîÿñíåííÿ ï³ñí³, ¿¿ ìåëîäèêè, ðîçøèôðîâêè âíóòð³øíüîãî åìîö³éíîãî çàðÿäó ï³ñí³. Í³, í³, æîäåí!» – çàíîòóº Ìàòâ³ºíêî 11 êâ³òíÿ 1995 ðîêó. Òðåáà æ òàê, ñëîâî â ñëîâî, çàïèñàòè ö³ ñâàðëèâ³ áîðñàííÿ Àâäºÿ ç õîðèñòàìè, ö³ êðèêè, ïîãðîçè, áëàãàííÿ, õâàë³ííÿ ³ ñòîãîíè ñïðàâä³ âåëèêîãî òâîðöÿ ï³ñåííèõ øåäåâð³â, ÿê³ íàðîäæóþòüñÿ òàêèì âåëèêèì ³ ñêëàäíèì äëÿ îðãàí³çàö³¿ ãàðìîí³éíîãî çâó÷àííÿ õîðîì! Çàçèðàþ÷è çàâäÿêè ¿¿ íîòàòêàì çà ëàøòóíêè – ó âèð áàãàòîãîäèííèõ ðåïåòèö³é ³ âñå íà íîãàõ äî òð³ñêó êàï³ëÿð³â íà ëèòêàõ, – âðàæàºøñÿ ö³é êàòîðæí³é ïðàö³ çàäëÿ ãàðìîí³éíîãî íàðîäæåííÿ – íà÷å ïòàõó çàïóñêàº â íåáî – ï³ñí³ â ñîëîäêèõ ìóêàõ, â ðàä³ñíèõ ñëüîçàõ âåëèêîãî ëåòó. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ñâîþ íàö³îíàëüíó ì³ñ³þ â³äðîäæåííÿ íàðîäíîãî äóõó â ï³ñí³ ñïðèéìàº ç ÿêîþñü ìîëèòîâíîþ â³ðîþ â ÷óäîä³éíó åìîö³éíó «ï³äçàðÿäêó» ñëîâîì ³ ìåëîä³ºþ ëþäñüêîãî ñàìîïî÷óòòÿ. Âîíà ïåðåêîíàíà, ùî ï³ñíÿ çäàòíà íàïîâíèòè ñóñï³ëüí³ íàñòðî¿ äóõîâíîþ ñèëîþ â³ðè é íàö³¿, ìîá³ë³çóâàòè íàðîäíèé äóõ íà åïîõàëüí³ çâåðøåííÿ, êîíñîë³äóâàòè íàö³þ îòèì «âóëêàíîì ñèëè», ÿêèé ñêîíöåíòðîâàíèé ó íàðîäíèõ ï³ñíÿõ. ² íå ëèøå óêðà¿íñüêà íàðîäíà ï³ñíÿ âîëîä³º òàêèì ³äåéíî-äóõîâíèì ïîòåíö³àëîì. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî åôåêòèâíî îïàíîâóº ³ êëàñè÷íó, ³ ñó÷àñíó òâîð÷³ñòü ïðîôåñ³éíèõ êîìïîçèòîð³â, ñàìà ðàä³þ÷è-÷óäóþ÷èñü ³ç äèâî-

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âèæíèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé ñâîãî ãîëîñó. «Âåëèêèì ïîêàÿííÿì ïåðåä ¿¿ âåëè÷í³ñòþ – ïîåç³ºþ Øåâ÷åíêà» ââàæàº Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî «Ñèìôîí³þ ¹3» òàëàíîâèòîãî Îëåãà Êèâè íà ñëîâà Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà: «ß ñüîãîäí³ íàéùàñëèâ³øà æ³íêà íà ñâî¿é ìóçè÷í³é ïëàíåò³ – Äåðæàâ³, ³ì’ÿ ÿê³é – Êðàñà ³ Â³ðà – ìîÿ Óêðà¿íà. ß êóïàþñü ó ìåëîä³ÿõ, ç³áðàíèõ Áàòüêîì íàö³îíàëüíî¿ ïîåç³¿ – Òàðàñîì Øåâ÷åíêîì. Öå âæå íå â³í, öå äóøà éîãî, ñëüîçè òîðæåñòâà, ³ñêðè Áîæî¿ âåñåëêè ðîçãîéäàëè ³ Çåìëþ, ³ Íåáî, äî Áîãà ï³äíÿëè î÷³ ³ ìåðòâ³, ³ æèâ³, ³ íåíàðîäæåí³. Öå áóëà ñèìôîí³ÿ Ëþáîâ³ Î.Êèâè…». Ó ñâî¿õ ùîäåííèêàõ, ó âêðàïëåíèõ ó ö³ ãàðÿ÷³ – ïèñàí³ áóêâàëüíî íà êîë³í³ â ë³òàêó, ïî¿çä³, ÷åðç³ äî ë³êàðÿ, âíî÷³, êîëè ïîâêëàäàº ä³òåé ñïàòè, – íîòàòêè ïîåç³ÿõ, ó îïîâ³äàííÿõ ³ ëèñòàõ ïóëüñóº íåñòðèìíà ïðèñòðàñòü âèïîâ³ñòè âðàæåííÿ, ïî÷óòòÿ, ðîç÷àðóâàííÿ, ãí³â ³ ñêîðáîòó – âåñü áåçì³ð òâîð÷èõ êèï³íü òà áóäåííîãî êîïîòàííÿ æ³íêè, ùî ïðàãíå òîðêíóòèñÿ «ðóêîþ äî ³êîííî¿ Ï³ñí³». Ñïðèéíÿòòÿ ï³ñí³ Í³íîþ Ìàòâ³ºíêî áàçóºòüñÿ áàãàòî â ÷îìó íà îðãàí³÷íîìó çàñâîºíí³ ñëîâåñíî-ìóçè÷íîãî ôîëüêëîðó Ïîë³ññÿ, ÿêå íå âòðàòèëî ïîâí³ñòþ, õî÷à òÿæêî ïîñòðàæäàëî â³ä ×îðíîáèëüñüêî¿ êàòàñòðîôè, ñâîãî îñîáëèâîãî çíà÷åííÿ äëÿ ï³çíàííÿ åòíîãåíåçó óêðà¿íö³â, ñòàðîæèòíîñòåé íàö³îíàëüíî¿ êóëüòóðè. Íå âèïàäêîâî ïîëüñüêèé åòíîëîã é ë³íãâ³ñò, ä³éñíèé ÷ëåí Ïîëüñüêî¿ àêàäåì³¿ íàóê Ê.Ìîøèíñüêèé ó ëèñò³ äëÿ ñëàâåòíîãî ôîëüêëîðèñòà, åòíîìóçèêîëîãà é ô³ëîëîãà Ô.Êîëåññè ïèñàâ 28 ëþòîãî 1932 ðîêó: «Âè íå ïîâ³ðèòå, ÿê ìåíå íåïîêî¿òü, ùî ñåðåäíº Ïîë³ññÿ âñå ùå çàëèøàºòüñÿ äëÿ ìóçèêîçíàâö³â çåìëåþ íåçíàíîþ. Íà æàëü, ÿ íå íàñò³ëüêè îá³çíàíèé â ìóçèêîçíàâñòâ³, àáè äàâàòè îö³íêó òîìó, ùî ÿ ÷óâ íà Ïîë³ññ³, îäíàê ÿ äóæå ëþáëþ ìóçèêó ³ çíàþ áàãàòî ïîëüñüêèõ íàðîäíèõ ï³ñåíü, êîð³ííî óêðà¿íñüêèõ, ðîñ³éñüêèõ òà ³í., à ïðîòå ïîë³ñüê³, ÿê³ ÿ çàðàç çãàäóþ (çîêðåìà äåÿê³ âåñíÿíêè, êîëÿäêè) ñïðàâèëè íà ìåíå íåçàáóòíº âðàæåííÿ, âèäàëèñü ìåí³ ÿêèìèñü îñîáëèâî íåçâè÷íèìè «ïðàñòàðèìè». Ïîëüñüêèé íàóêîâåöü çàïðîñèâ ñâîãî óêðà¿íñüêîãî êîëåãó ïî¿õàòè íà ê³ëüêà òèæí³â íà Ïîë³ññÿ ³ çàïèñàòè â³ä îêðåìèõ ñï³âàê³â òà äóåò³â òåêñòè é ìåëîä³¿. Ïðàâäà, äîñë³äíèêè çàïèñóâàëè òåêñòè é ìåëîä³¿ íå íà ð³äí³é äëÿ Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî Æèòîìèðùèí³, à íà òåðèòîð³¿ íèí³øíüî¿ Á³ëîðóñ³ – â Ì³íñüê³é îáëàñò³ íà ïîãðàíè÷÷³ ç Áðåñòñüêîþ. ² ëèøå çàâäÿêè åíåðã³éíèì

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ïîøóêàì çíàíîãî ôîëüêëîðèñòà ³ åòíîëîãà Ñ.É.Ãðèöè çá³ðíèê íàðîäíèõ ï³ñåíü òà ³íñòðóìåíòàëüíèõ ìåëîä³é, çàô³êñîâàíèõ Ô.Êîëåññîþ ³ Ê.Ìîøèíñüêèì ó âåðåñí³ 1932 ðîêó áóëî â³äøóêàíî, íàóêîâî ðåêîíñòðóéîâàíî òà îïóáë³êîâàíî 1995 ðîêó. Çãàäêà ïðî öåé çá³ðíèê ï³ñåííîãî ôîëüêëîðó òîãî òåðåíó Ïîë³ññÿ, ÿêèé ðîçòàøîâàíèé óçäîâæ ë³âîãî áåðåãà Ïðèï’ÿò³ òà ¿¿ ïðèòîê, íå âèïàäêîâà, áî ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ó íüîìó ï³ñåííèé ìàòåð³àë ïåðåêîíëèâî ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî òå, ùî íà òåðèòîð³¿ óêðà¿íñüêî-á³ëîðóñüêîãî ïîãðàíè÷÷ÿ äîì³íóâàâ óêðà¿íñüêèé åòíîñ. Ô³ëàðåò Êîëåññà øëÿõîì ïîð³âíÿííÿ ïîë³ñüêèõ ìåëîä³é ç³ ñïîð³äíåíèìè óêðà¿íñüêèìè òà

Ніна Матвієнко переконана, що пісня здатна наповнити суспільні настрої духовною силою віри й нації, мобілізувати народний дух на епохальні звершення, консолідувати націю отим «вулканом сили», який сконцентрований у народних піснях. á³ëîðóñüêèìè äîâ³â íà ìàòåð³àë³ ê³ëüêîõ òèñÿ÷ ï³ñåíü, ùî óêðà¿íñüê³ åëåìåíòè â íàðîäí³é ìóçèö³ Ïîë³ññÿ ïåðåâàæàþòü: «Äîêëàäíå ïîð³âíÿííÿ ïîë³ñüêèõ ìåëîä³é ³ç ñïîð³äíåíèìè óêðà¿íñüêèìè òà â³äîìèìè ìåí³ á³ëîðóñüêèìè ìåëîä³ÿìè âèÿâëÿº ð³øó÷ó ïåðåâàãó óêðà¿íñüêèõ åëåìåíò³â ó ìóçèö³ ïîë³ùóê³â». Ó êíèæö³ «Îé âèîðþ íèâêó øèðîêóþ» Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ïîäàº ï³ñåííî-ìóçè÷íèé ìàòåð³àë ³ç âëàñíîãî ðåïåðòóàðó. Öå ïîíàä 250 íàðîäíèõ ï³ñåíü ³ òâîð³â óêðà¿íñüêèõ êîìïîçèòîð³â. Öå êîëÿäêè ³ ùåäð³âêè, âåñíÿíêè, ï³ñí³ äî Çåëåíèõ ñâÿò, êóïàëüñüê³ òà ïåòð³â÷àí³, æíèâàðñüê³ é îáæèíêîâ³, âåñ³ëüí³, êîëèñêîâ³, ïîõîâàëüí³, æàðò³âëèâ³ é òàíöþâàëüí³, ïñàëìè, ³ñòîðè÷í³ òà ñòàíîâ³ ï³ñí³, ï³ñí³ ïðî êîõàííÿ, ðîäèííå æèòòÿ… Òîé, õòî ïîð³âíÿº ï³ñí³ ç ðåïåðòóàðó Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî ç ï³ñíÿìè ó çàïèñàõ Ô.Êîëåññè òà Ê.Ìîøèíñüêîãî – êîëÿäêàìè, âåñíÿíêàìè, êóïàëüñüêèìè, îáæèíêîâèìè, âåñ³ëüíèìè ï³ñíÿìè, ïîõîðîííèìè ãîëîñ³ííÿìè, ï³ñíÿìè ç îñîáèñòîãî òà ðîäèííîãî æèòòÿ, êîëèñêîâèìè, òàíêîâèìè òà ãóìîðèñòè÷íèìè ï³ñíÿìè ïîë³ùóê³â, – òîé ïîáà÷èòü âèíÿòêîâî âèðàçíó ñïîð³äíåí³ñòü òåêñò³â ³ ìåëîä³é. Öå ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî óí³êàëüí³ñòü òîãî åòíîêóëüòóðíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà, ÿêèì º Ïîë³ññÿ ç âëàñòèâîþ éîãî ìåøêàíöÿì ³ìïðîâ³çàö³éíîþ ïðèðîäîþ ñï³âó.

Äëÿ Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî òâîð÷à ³ìïðîâ³çàö³ÿ íå ò³ëüêè â ñëîâ³, àëå é ó ñï³â³ – îðãàí³÷íà ïîòðåáà ìàêñèìàëüíî ñï³âïåðåæèâàëüíîãî «îâîëîä³ííÿ» ï³ñíåþ, ïîð³äíåííÿ ç òåêñòîì ³ âèðàæåííÿ éîãî ñï³âîì. Öÿ îñîáëèâ³ñòü ï³ñíåñï³âó Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî ìàº ãëèáîêó òðàäèö³þ. Ô³ëàðåò Êîëåññà ÷è íå ïåðøèì äîñë³äèâ çâ’ÿçîê ì³æ ï³ñíåþ òà âèêîíàâöåì, ïîÿñíèâ ïðèðîäó òðàíñôîðìàö³¿ ñï³âíî¿ ìîâè ïîë³ùóê³â, çóìîâëåíî¿ äàâíüîþ òðàäèö³ºþ ³íäèâ³äóàë³çàö³¿ òâîð÷îãî ìàòåð³àëó, çäàòí³ñòþ ïåðåæèâàòè îñîáèñò³ñíî ï³ä ÷àñ âèêîíàííÿ ï³ñí³ çì³ñòîâó íàïîâíåí³ñòü ìåëîä³¿. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî òèì îðèã³íàëüíà ÿê ñï³âà÷êà, ñàìîáóòíÿ ³ íåïîâòîðíà ó ñâî¿é ñï³âí³é ìîâ³, ùî ïðàãíå îïàíóâàòè ãîëîñîì öþ òâîð÷ó ìàòåð³þ, ÿêîþ º òåêñò ³ ìåëîä³ÿ â íåïîä³ëüí³é ºäíîñò³, â³äòâîðþâàòè ¿¿ é ó ñëîâ³, ³ â ï³ñí³, ³íäèâ³äóàë³çóâàòè òâ³ð çàâäÿêè ìàéñòåðí³é ³ìïðîâ³çàö³¿ ãîëîñîì. Òàê, 16 ñ³÷íÿ 1986 ðîêó ñï³âà÷êà î ïåðø³é ãîäèí³ íî÷³ ïðèçíàºòüñÿ ùîäåííèêîâ³: «ß õî÷ó áóòè ï³ñíåþ! ß ðîçóì³ëà, ïðî íå¿ í³÷îãî íå ðîçêàæåø ³ í³ÿê³ ñåíòèìåíòàëüí³ ñëîâà íå ðîçêðèþòü ¿¿. Çîëîòèé êëþ÷ òîãî íóòðà â ìóäðèõ ñëîâàõ ³ ìåëîä³ÿõ, ³ òî ëèøå òîä³, â ÿêèé ðîò âîíà ³ íà ÷èé çóá ïîïàäå. Î í³, ï³ñíÿ äóæå ÷óòëèâà ìàòè, â³ä ä³òåé çàëåæèòü ¿¿ ñòàð³ñòü ³ ìîãèëà. ²íêîëè ïîñëóõàºø â ñîòèé ðàç «Ìàðèíó», «Îé ãàþ, ãàþ, çåëåí ðîçìàþ», àáî «Áàéäó», àáî Ëåîíòîâè÷à – íå òðåáà ñë³â, ó õëîïö³â çðàçó æ ñ³þòüñÿ âóñà, ó ä³â÷àò òð³ùàòü ïàçóõè, ó ìàòåð³â ïèðñêàº ìîëîêî, à â áàòüê³â ðóêè õàïàþòüñÿ çà øàáë³. Îí ÿêà âîíà ìåäîíîñíà ïøåíèöÿ! Í³, êðàùå – õë³á ãðå÷êîñ³ÿ, îë³ÿ äëÿ õóäîæíèêà, êîõàííÿ äëÿ ãóá, çìî÷åíèõ ñëüîçàìè, à ìåí³ – ñëàâà ç ïîñâ³ä÷åííÿì, à äëÿ ìîãî íàðîäó – îêðàñà â ïåðåìîç³ íàä ïðèíèæåííÿì íàö³¿ â óñ³ ÷àñè». Íåâ³ëüíèöòâî ïðîòÿãîì ê³ëüêîõ ñòîë³òü çàãàíÿëî óêðà¿íñüêó íàö³þ â öèâ³ë³çàö³éíó ò³íü, àëå äóøà íàðîäó íàøîãî íå áóëà çàò³íåíà – ³ñòîðè÷íå áóòòÿ íàö³¿ ïîâñÿê÷àñ ðîçâèäíþâàëîñÿ çàâäÿêè íåâè÷åðïíîñò³ äóõîâíèõ ïåðøîäæåðåë, ñåðåä ÿêèõ íàðîäíà ï³ñíÿ ÷è íå íàéïîòóæí³øå îêðèëþâàëà íàö³îíàëüíèé äóõ. Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî ñïðèéìàº óêðà¿íñüêó ï³ñíþ íà êîë³ð, íà çàïàõ, íà äîòèê – ÿê «äî ÷îãîñü æèâîãî!», ðàþº íåþ, ò³øèòüñÿ, ðîçêîøóº ³ öèì ï³ñíåòâîðåííÿì, ï³ñíåïåðåæèâàííÿì, ï³ñíåìîë³ííÿì â³äêðèâàº ³ ñâîþ äóøó, ³ äóøó çàò³íåíîãî íåâ³ëüíèöòâîì óêðà¿íñüêîãî íàðîäó.

Mykola ZHULINSKY Ukrainian specialist in the study of literature, DLitt («Doctor Litterarum»), professor, academician of the National Academy of Sciences, director of the Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences n.a. Taras Shevchenko, chairman of the National Council on Cultural and Spiritual Affairs under the aegis of the President of Ukraine, Head of the National Taras Shevchenko Prize Committee, Head of the editorial board of magazine «IMAGE.UA»

The open soul of a nation, shaded by slavery Through the pages of Nina Matvienko’s destiny

am like a stork, which is taking slow steps in a wide field and pecking out wonderful words, which are «braided» like a pigtail, embellished with songs-flowers, proverbs, by-words, wordplays, anecdotes, small novels… I raise my rapt beak up into the heavenly field, grow numb and wonder what charm of words ears on a song of destiny of this woman, infatuated by a picturesque folk word. The Ukrainian world swoons from the song charms of Nina Matvienko and doesn’t guess, mostly, what magic is hidden in her letters, poetry, diary, dialogs, memories, in notes from tours all over the world… She opened a black-and-white roll of her own soul – she honestly opened her heart, told of her childish pleasures, cares and worries with a prayerful confession, in particular, her family grief, caused by her father’s drunken tumult, and suppressed it with the happy feeling of her kin’s spiritual joining. Consolation in family, nature’s beauty, the magic of people’s communication, loquacious rendering of something heard, experienced, echoed from the well of national history, relish of a song as a national destiny – tragic and heroic, despised and happy, going through national song as a destiny of your own child – all this and much more lives in Nina Matvienko’s book «I will plough a broad field». The Ukrainian center of national culture «Ivan Gonchar museum» wanted to open a treasure house of the Ukrainians’ spiritual culture with this «golden key» – the voice and creative work of Nina Matvienko, – while editing this book. That is why all the magic of the narrative word of a singer, organically links with the magic of a song, experience of a song’s fate, the historic and spiritual destiny of the people, their sons and daughters are narrated in it. Hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian national songs are an inexhaustible source of the nation’s historic cognition, their native land, their world of birth and the consolidation

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Ніна Матвієнко – завжди чарівна, завжди сучасна... Nina Matvienko is always a charming and modern woman…

of a verbal national thought figure and its revivification-voicing in a melody, which is still not completely learned. Such harmony of words and melody, expressed in Ukrainian song, is a global aesthetic rarity. The fact that such harmonious – in their organic unity of words and music – masterpieces of the song creativity of our nation are still left in the memories of people, confirms the talent of Ukrainians – the creators and carriers of a unique national melos. Nina Matvienko could present her natural talent of the sensitive perception of a picturesque word in a song so emotionally clear, with some prayerful «possession», so her songs darted out of her soul on an inspired feeling, like they have germinated in her, became «Nina’s», they can be perceived only in her execution and many people don’t imagine them «alive», if they are not sung in her voice, by her soul. The singer bequeathed herself: «Nina has to be a song, she must be…» and imagined this transformation into a song, the transmigration of her own soul into the soul of a song as a sacred action of spiritual

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incarnation. Nina Matvienko went through these moments of accretion with an, «implantation» of herself into a song, with a special anxiety – she didn’t know whether these two hearts – her and the song’s – would unite. When everybody listened to her inattentively on the Day of the Soviet army in the Ukrainian union of cooperative societies, the singer was worried not for herself, but for her song, whether it had taken offence at people, who perceived it discourteously, or no: «My song was innocently nestling close to me, it was lovingly hugging, soothing me, I was even ashamed. How could I not believe it, how could I doubt? We strongly embraced each other and our hearts united together, our hearts became one.» This is a peculiar self-sacrifice to a Ukrainian song, which seeks self-sacrifice, a sweet spiritual self-crucifixion for a song’s life, which is a soul’s scream, a confession before a native nation, a sea of love for Nina Matvienko. There is so much emotional fire, picturesque gleam, stylish daintiness in all these letters, especially addressed to

Roman Didula, in the diary’s confessions, in these spiritually clear novels, images. And all this is so because Nina Matvienko loves to feast her eyes, enjoy herself with a word, to revitalize overheard dialogs, taste funny situations, to «expose» characters from the hull of commonness and show them to people. How could she describe Anatolij Avdijevskij, Avdej, so skillfully, through rehearsals, thanks to personal impressionsperceptions! «No man in the world has such at enormous patience while explaining the song, its melodics, decryption of its inner emotional supply. No, no none!» – Matvienko noted on the 11th of April 1995. She noted word for word all Avdej’s peevish flounders with choristers, those screams, threats, pleas, praises and moaning of this great creator of song masterpieces, which were born by this choir – great and complicated for the organization of harmonic sounds! Thanks to her notes we can look behind the scenes into the maelstrom of many hours of rehearsals – standing on feet till the capillaries of calves start crackling; you

are astonished by this hard work for the harmonic birth of a song – like you let a bird out into the sky – in sweet throes, with happy tears for a great flight. Nina Matvienko perceives her national mission of a people’s spiritual revival in a song with some prayerful faith in a miraculous emotional «recharge» of human feeling by word and melody. She is sure that song can feel a social mood with a spiritual power of faith and the nation, mobilize national spirit for cardinal actions, consolidate a nation by that «volcano of power», which is concentrated in people’s songs. And not only Ukrainian songs have such ideological and spiritual potential. Nina Matvienko is also effectively gaining proficiency in both the classical and present creative work of professional composers, exulting and amazing over the wonderful possibilities of her own voice. Nina Matvienko thinks that «Symphony ¹3» of the talented Oleg Kiva to words from Taras Shevchenko is a «great penitence for her majesty – Shevchenko’s poetry»: «Nowadays I am the happiest woman on my musical planet – Country by name Beauty and Faith – my Ukraine. I live in melodies, gathered by the father of national poetry – Taras Shevchenko. Not longer he, but his soul, tears of triumph, sparkles of God’s rainbow swings both Earth and Sky, raised dad, alive and unborn eyes up to God. This was a symphony of O.Kiva’s Love…» (p.113). An irrepressible passion to describe all impressions, feelings, disappointments, anger and sorrow – all the infinity of the creative boiling of a woman, who wants to touch «icon Song by her hand» beats in her diaries, in poetries, stories and letters, it is sprinkled into her hot notes, written literally on her lap in an airplane, in a train, in a hospital’s queue, at night, while putting her children to sleep. Perception of a song by Nina Matvienko is based on an organic adoption of a verbal-musical folklore of Polissia, which hasn’t completely lost its special value for cognition of the Ukrainians ethno-genesis, the antiquity of a national culture, though it has seriously suffered from the Chernobyl catastrophe. Polish ethnologist and linguist, K.Moshinskij, a full member of the Poland Academy of Sciences, not accidentally, wrote in his letter to a famous student of folklore, ethnomusicologist and philologist F.Kolessa on the 28th of February 1932: «You won’t believe how much I am worried, that the middle Polissia is still an unknown

land for the musical experts. Unfortunately, I’m not so knowledgeable in musicology to appraise everything I heard in Polissia, but I love music very much and I know many Polish national songs, natively Ukrainian, Russian etc., but polish about which I am talking know (especially vesniankas, carols) made a great impression on me, seemed some very unusual «prastarims» . The Polish scientist invited his Ukrainian colleague to visit Polissia for a few weeks and note texts and melodies from some singers and duets. Though, they were noting these texts and melodies not in Zhytomyr region, native to Nina, but on the territory of present Belarus – in the Minsk region at the border with Brest region. And only thanks to the strenuous searching of a famous student of folklore and ethnologist S.J.Griza, they collected songs and instrumental melodies, fixed by F.Kolessa and K.Moshinskij which were found in September 1932 and scientifically reconstructed and published in 1995.» We’ve deliberately reminded about this collection of songs folklore of that terrain of Polissia, situated along the left bank of Prypiat and its effluents, because all the material, presented in it, convincingly affirms that Ukrainian ethnos predominated on the territory of the Ukrainian-Belarus border nearby. Filaret Kolesa compared polish melodies with related Ukrainian and Belarus ones on the material of some thousands songs and proved that Ukrainian elements dominate in the national music of Polissia: «Detailed comparison of the polish melodies with the related Ukrainian and famous Belarus melodies shows a decisive preference of the Ukrainian elements in music of Polissia’s inhabitants» . Nina Matvienko presented songmusical material from her own repertory in the book «I will plough a broad field». This is more than 250 national songs and works of Ukrainian composers. These are carols, shchedrivkas, vesnjankas, songs to the Green holidays, kupalski and petrivchani, wedding, joking and dancing songs, lullabies, psalms, historical and rural songs, songs about love, family life…If you compare songs from Nina’s repertory with songs in notes of F.Kolesa and K.Moshinskij – with carols, vesnjanki, kupalski, obginkovi, wedding songs, funeral lamentation, with songs from private and family life, lullabies, dancing and humorous songs of Polissia’s inhabitants, you will see an exclusively expressive affinity of texts

and melodies. This affirms the uniqueness of this ethno-cultural environment – Polissia – with an improvisational nature of singing, peculiar to its inhabitants. Creative improvisation isn’t only in words for Nina, but also in singing – the organic need to become related with the text and its expression in singing. This peculiarity of Nina Matvienko’s singing has a late tradition. Filaret Kolesa was almost the first one to the study connection between the song and the singer; he explained the nature of the singing language transformation in Polissia, which was caused by an old tradition of creative material individualization, possibility to go through the sense of a melody personally while singing. Nina Matvienko is genuine as a singer, original and unique in her singing language, because she wants to master this creative matter, which is text and melody, by her voice, to reproduce it in a word, in a song, to individualize text with the help of masterly improvisation by voice. On the 16th of January 1986 at 1.00 am the singer confesses to her diary: «I want to be a song! I understand that you can’t tell anything about it and no sentimental words can reveal it. The Golden key to its inside is in wise words and melodies, and only depending on mouth or tooth on which it gets. Oh no, the song is a very sensitive mother, its old age and grave depends on its children. Sometimes you can listen to «Marina», «Oh, holt, holt, green herbs», or «Drone», or Leontovich for a hundredth time and you don’t need any more words, boys’ moustache start sowing at ones, girls’ bosoms crack, mothers’ milk sprinkles, fathers turn their hands to sabers. How meliferus wheat is! No, buckwheat the sower’s bread, artist’s oil, love for lips, wet in tears are much better, for me – glory with a certification, and for my nation – the adornment is in victory over à nation’s humiliation in all times.» The slavery of a few centuries penned the Ukrainian nation into the shadows of civilization, but the soul of our nation wasn’t shady – historical being of our nation dawned at all times thanks to the inexhaustibility of spiritual fountainheads, and the song most powerfully encouraged the national spirit. Nina Matvienko perceives Ukrainian song through colour, smell and touch – like «something alive!», she paradises by it, amuse herself luxuriates and opens both her and her nation’s hearts by this song creation, song feeling and song praying.

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Велична Києво-Печерська лавра. Тут понад тисячу років тому спалахнув світильник високої духовності, культури нашого народу. Звідси і початки вітчизняної книжності. Тут на початку XVII століття була заснована архімандритом Єлисеєм Плетенецьким лаврська друкарня. Вона безперервно діяла понад триста років – унікальне явище в історії східнослов’янського друкарства. Зараз це Державний музей книги і друкарства України. Його фонди і експозиція складають майже 60 тисяч одиниць зберігання. Вітчизняна книга має багату, цікаву, часто драматичну історію.

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Микола ГЛАМАЗДА – член Спілки журналістів України, заступник директора з наукової роботи Музею книги і друкарства України Mykola GLAMAZDA Member of the Ukrainian Society of Journalists, the Deputy Director in the field of science of Ukrainian Museum of books and printing

ÔÐÀÍÖÓÇÜÊ² ÊÎÐÎË² ÏÐÈÑßÃÀÞÒÜÑß ÍÀ ÊÍÈÇ² Ç ÊÈªÂÀ! Ùå çà ïðàâë³ííÿ âåëèêîãî êíÿçÿ Êè¿âñüêî¿ Ðóñ³ ßðîñëàâà Ìóäðîãî (1019-1054) â éîãî ñêðèïòîð³¿ ñòâîðþâàëèñÿ êíèãè äëÿ íàâ÷àííÿ ãðàìîòè, äëÿ öåðêîâíèõ ³ äåðæàâíèõ ïîòðåá. Îäíà ç íèõ ìàº äèâîâèæíó äîëþ. Öå «Ðåéìñüêå ªâàíãåë³º». Ç³ ñòîëüíîãî Êèºâà äî Ôðàíö³¿ çàâåçëà éîãî ïðèíöåñà Àííà ßðîñëàâíà, ÿêà 1051 ðîêó âçÿëà øëþá ç êîðîëåì Ãåíð³õîì ². Ç òîãî ÷àñó ôðàíöóçüê³ êîðîë³, âñòóïàþ÷è íà ïðåñòîë, ïðèñÿãàëèñÿ íà ö³é ñâÿò³é êíèç³. Äîòåïåð âîíà çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ ó ì. Ðåéìñ³, äå â³äáóâàëèñÿ óðî÷èñò³ îáðÿäè êîðîíóâàííÿ. Íà çàìîâëåííÿ óðÿäó öàðñüêî¿ Ðîñ³¿ 1843 ðîêó â Ïàðèæ³ áóëî çä³éñíåíî ë³òîãðàôîâàíå âèäàííÿ «Ðåéìñüêîãî ªâàíãåë³ÿ». Îäèí ç ¿¿ ïðèì³ðíèê³â íèí³ åêñïîíóºòüñÿ â Ìóçå¿. Ó 1056-1057 ðð. ïîáà÷èëî ñâ³ò «Îñòðîìèðîâå ªâàíãåë³º», à 1073 ðîêó – «²çáîðíèê Ñâÿòîñëàâà». «²çáîðíèê» – ñâîºð³äíà òîãî÷àñíà åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ, â í³é âì³ùåíî ïîíàä 400 ñòàòåé ð³çíîìàí³òíèõ çà çì³ñòîì, ÿê öåðêîâíî-äîãìàòè÷íîãî õàðàêòåðó, òàê ³ ôðàãìåíò³â ìàòåð³àë³â ç ³ñòîð³¿, ãåîãðàô³¿, ô³ëîñîô³¿, ïîåòèêè, ëîã³êè, ìàòåìàòèêè, ìåäèöèíè ç òâîð³â 25 â³äîìèõ â³çàíò³éñüêèõ àâòîð³â.

ÊÎËÈ ÂÏÅÐØÅ Ç`ßÂÈËÀÑß «ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÀ»? Õî÷ ðåë³ã³éíà êíèãà òîä³ â³ä³ãðàâàëà ïðîâ³äíó ðîëü, àëå ìàºìî ³ ÷óäîâ³ ïðèêëàäè îðèã³íàëüíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ñâ³òñüêîãî çì³ñòó. Ïåðåäóñ³ì – ë³òîïèñè. Çàïî÷àòêîâàíî ë³òîïèñàííÿ, ìàáóòü, â ²Õ ñò. çà êíÿçþâàííÿ Àñêîëüäà ³ Ä³ðà. Íà ïî÷àòêó Õ²² ñò. ëàâðñüêèé ÷åðíåöü Íåñòîð (ïîìåð áë. 1113 ð.) óêëàâ òåêñò ñëàâíîçâ³ñíîãî ë³òîïèñó – «Ïîâ³ñòü âðåì’ÿíèõ ë³ò». Â³í íàãîëîøó-

âàâ, ùî îñíîâíå ñâîº çàâäàííÿ âáà÷àº â òîìó, ùîá ïîâ³äàòè íàùàäêàì «…çâ³äêè ï³øëà Ðóñüêà çåìëÿ, ³ õòî â í³é íàéïåðøèé ïî÷àâ êíÿæèòè, ³ ç ÷îãî Ðóñüêà çåìëÿ òàêîþ ñòàëà». Îðèã³íàë ë³òîïèñó íå ä³éøîâ äî íàøîãî ÷àñó. Â³äîìèé íàì çì³ñò éîãî ç Ëàâðåíò³¿âñüêîãî ñïèñêó 1377 ð. òà ²ïàò³¿âñüêîãî 1425 ð., ùî ìàº íàçâó «Ë³òîïèñ Ðóñüêèé». Ó íüîìó «Ïîâ³ñòü...» äîïîâíåíà ìàòåð³àëàìè Êè¿âñüêîãî ³ Ãàëèöüêî-Âîëèíñüêîãî ë³òîïèñ³â. Ó Êè¿âñüêîìó ï³ä 1187 ðîêîì âïåðøå çãàäóºòüñÿ íàçâà «Óêðà¿íà». Ïðèêìåòíà ïàì’ÿòêà äàâíüîðóñüêî¿ ðóêîïèñíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè XII² – X²V ñò. – «ÊèºâîÏå÷åðñüêèé ïàòåðèê» – çá³ðíèê îïîâ³äåé ïðî æèòòÿ ³ ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ëàâðñüêèõ ÷åíö³â, ï³çí³øå êàíîí³çîâàíèõ. Ñåðåä íèõ â³äîì³ ³ñòîðèêè, õóäîæíèêè, ë³êàð³. ¯õ ïîäâèæíèöüêå, âèñîêîäóõîâíå æèòòÿ íàäèõàëî ³ äîñ³ íàäèõàº áàãàòüîõ â³ðÿí. Ïåðøå âèäàííÿ «Ïàòåðèêà» çä³éñíåíå 1661 ðîêó, ïðèêðàøåíå ÷èñëåííèìè ãðàâþðàìè ²ëë³. Êíèãà áàãàòî ðàç³â ïåðåâèäàâàëàñÿ ³ ìàëà íåçì³ííèé óñï³õ.

ÃÎËÎÂÍÀ ÊÍÈÃÀ ²ÍÀÂÃÓÐÀÖ²¯ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÈÕ ÏÐÅÇÈÄÅÍÒ²Â Ó 1556 – 1561 ðð. íà çàìîâëåííÿ öåðêâè â ñåë³ Ïåðåñîïíèöÿ íà Âîëèí³ áóëî ïåðåïèñàíå òîãî÷àñíîþ ë³òåðàòóðíîþ óêðà¿íñüêîþ ìîâîþ «Ïåðåñîïíèöüêå ªâàíãåë³º». Òåïåð öÿ êíèãà – íåîäì³ííèé àòðèáóò öåðåìîí³¿ ³íàâãóðàö³¿ Ïðåçèäåíò³â Óêðà¿íè. Îðèã³íàë çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ â Íàö³îíàëüí³é á³áë³îòåö³ Óêðà¿íè ³ì. Â. Âåðíàäñüêîãî, â Ìóçå¿ ïðåäñòàâëåíî ïðèì³ðíèê íåäàâíî çä³éñíåíîãî ¿¿ ôàêñèì³ëüíîãî âèäàííÿ. Îñîáëèâî çðîñëà ðîëü êíèãè, êîëè çàïðàöþâàâ äðóêàðñüêèé âåðñòàò, êîëè âîíà ñòàëà òèðàæóâàòèñü. Â³äîìî, ùî ïåðøó êíèãó âèäðóêóâàâ â ªâðîï³ í³ìåöü Éîãàí Ãóòåíáåðã ó Ìàéíö³ â 40-õ ðîêàõ XV ñò. Â Óêðà¿í³ ïåðø³ â³ò÷èçíÿí³ äðóêè ç’ÿâèëèñÿ ç ÿâ ÿâè íà çàõ³äíèõ ¿¿ çåìëÿõ â XVI ñò. Ó Ìóçå¿ ìîæíà îãëÿíóòè âèäðóêóâàí³ ²âàíîì Ôåäîðîâèì 1574 ðîêó «Àïîñòîë» ³ « Áóêâàð», à Ôåääîî Ôå òàêîæ òòààêî àêêîîæ éîãî çíàìåíèòó «Îñòðîçüêó Á³áë³þ» (1581) – ïåðøå ïåð âèäàííÿ ïîâíîãî òåêñòó Ñâÿòîãî ïèñüïå ìà ìîâîþ, – øåäåâð òîìà öåðêîâíîñëîâ’ÿíñüêîþ öå ãî÷àñíîãî ïîë³ãðàô³÷íîãî âèêîíàííÿ. ãî÷÷ààñ ãî Äóæå ïë³äíîþ áóëà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ëàâðñüêî¿ Ä äðóêàðí³ ääðððóê óêà çà ìèòðîïîëèòà Ïåòðà Ìîãèëè (1627óê 1647), 1664477 ÿêèé áåçïîñåðåäíüî çàéìàâñÿ âèäàâíè÷îþ ÷îþ ñïðàâîþ, óêëàâ ³ âèäàâ ïðàâîñëàâíèé êà÷î òåõ³çèñ òåõõ³³ç òå ³ç «Ñîáðàíèå êðàòêîé íàóêè î àðòèêóëàõ â³ðè...». ââ³³ððèè. Â íüîìó âèêëàäåíî îñíîâè â³ðè ³ ÷³òêî, êî, â äîñòóïí³é ôîðì³ ïîäàíî ïîÿñíåííÿ äîãìàêî ò³â ïðàâîñëàâíî¿ öåðêâè. Çà ð³ê äî òò³³â ³â óêðà¿íñüêî¿ óóêê ñìåðò³ ññì ìåð åð Ï. Ìîãèë³ âäàëîñÿ âèäàòè «Òðåáíèê». Ó òàê³é òòààêê³³é êíèç³ òîä³ áóëà âåëèêà ïîòðåáà. Â í³é ïîäàí³ ääààíí³³ îïèñè îáðÿä³â õðåùåííÿ, â³í÷àííÿ, ïðè÷àùàíííí ïîõîâàííÿ, îñâÿ÷åííÿ â³éñüêîâèõ çíàùà ùàííÿ, ìåí ³ ò. ³í. íà óêðà¿íñüêèõ òðàäèö³ÿõ. ìå ìåí À ïåðøà äðóêîâàíà íàóêîâà ïðàöÿ, ùî äàâàëà âàëà âà ëà ïîñë³äîâíèé ñèñòåìàòè÷íèé âèêëàä â³ò÷èçíÿíî¿ ³ñòîð³¿ ç ãëèáîêî¿ äàâíèíè ³ äî êîçàöüò÷èç ò÷ èçí

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ÄÓÕÎÂÍ²ÑÒÜ SPIRITUALITY

êèõ ÷àñ³â – «Ñèíîïñèñ» («Îãëÿä») ï³ä ðåäàêö³ºþ ²íîêåíò³ÿ Ã³çåëÿ, ïîáà÷èëà ñâ³ò 1674 ðîêó. Öÿ êíèãà ïîíàä ï³âòîðà ñòîë³òòÿ ñëóãóâàëà ï³äðó÷íèêîì ³ñòîð³¿ Óêðà¿íè ³ ïåðåâèäàâàëàñÿ ïîíàä 20 ðàç³â, â òîìó ÷èñë³ â Ìîñêâ³ ³ Ïåòåðáóðç³.

ÇÎËÎÒÎ ÒÀ ÑÐ²ÁËÎ ÊÍÈÇ² ÍÀ «ÎÄÅÆÓ» Êíèãè, âèäàí³ íà êîøòè ìåöåíàò³â, ç ìåòîþ ïîäàðóíêó öåðêâ³, «âäÿãàëè» â îêñàìèò, áðàëè â ìåòàëåâ³ îïðàâè ³ç çîëîòà, ñð³áëà, ì³ä³. Äëÿ îçäîáëåííÿ äîðîãîö³ííèõ îêëàä³â âèêîðèñòîâóâàëèñü êîëüîðîâ³ åìàë³, ÷åðíü, ô³í³ôòü. Äîñâ³ä÷åí³ þâåë³ðè-çîëîòàð³ âïðàâíî çä³éñíþâàëè õóäîæíº êàðáóâàííÿ. Ëàâðñüêà ìàéñòåðíÿ ³íòðîë³ãàòîð³â ñëàâèëàñü äàëåêî çà ìåæàìè Êèºâà. Ç ïî÷àòêó X²Õ ñò. âñå ð³äøå íàäõîäèëî çàìîâëåííü íà êíèãè ó ïèøí³é áàãàò³é «îäåæ³». Íàòîì³ñòü âñå á³ëüøå äðóêóâàëîñÿ êíèæîê, òàê áè ìîâèòè, ïðàêòè÷íîãî, ïîâñÿêäåííîãî ïðèçíà÷åííÿ – äëÿ çðîñòàþ÷èõ ïîòðåá îñâ³òè, íàóêè. ¯õ òåìàòèêà ñóòòºâî óð³çíîìàí³òíèëàñü, òèðàæ³ â³ä÷óòíî çá³ëüøèëèñü. Ïðèâàáëþâàëè ö³ êíèãè ïåðåäóñ³ì ñâî¿ì âíóòð³øí³ì çì³ñòîì – îðèã³íàëüí³ñòþ, àêòóàëüí³ñòþ, â³äïîâ³äí³ñòþ âèìîãàì ÷àñó. Ïîïèò íà òàêó êíèæêó ïîì³òíî çðîñòàâ. Âèõîäÿòü òâîðè Ã.Ñêîâîðîäè, ². Êîòëÿðåâñüêîãî, Ò.Øåâ÷åíêà, Ï. Êóë³øà, íà ðóáåæ³ Õ²Õ-ÕÕ ñò. – ². Ôðàíêà, Ë. Óêðà¿íêè, Ì.Êîöþáèíñüêîãî, Ï. Ìèðíîãî, Ì.Ñòàðèöüêîãî òà ³í. Íèí³ âîíè ñêëàäàþòü çîëîòèé ôîíä êëàñè÷íî¿ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè. Â öåé ÷àñ ïîáà÷èëè ñâ³ò íàóêîâ³ ïðàö³ âèäàòíèõ â÷åíèõ – Ì. Ìàêñèìîâè÷à, Ì. Êîñòîìàðîâà, Â. Àíòîíîâè÷à, Ì.Ãðóøåâñüêîãî, Ä.ßâîðíèöüêîãî, Â.Âåðíàäñüêîãî, ª. Ïàòîíà. Ïåðøîäðóêè öèõ âèäàíü çàéìàþòü ÷³ëüíå ì³ñöå â ìóçåéí³é åêñïîçèö³¿. Íåîö³íåííå ¿õ çíà÷åííÿ ó ï³äíåñåíí³ ð³âíÿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ ñâ³äîìîñò³, ó äóõîâíîìó, êóëüòóðíî-îñâ³òíüîìó ðîçâèòêó íàðîäó.

ÊÍÈÆÊÎÂÅ ÑÜÎÃÎÄÅÍÍß Âðàæàº ùåäðå ðîçìà¿òòÿ êíèæîê, âèäàíèõ ó äðóã³é ïîëîâèí³ ìèíóëîãî ñòîë³òòÿ ³ â ðîêè âæå íîâîãî ÕÕ² ñò. Êðàù³ ç êðàùèõ â³äçíà÷åíî âèñîêèìè íàãîðîäàìè Ì³æíàðîäíèõ ³ Âñåóêðà¿íñüêèõ êîíêóðñ³â ìèñòåöòâà êíèãè. Êîëè îãëÿäàºø ¿õ, çãàäóºòüñÿ àôîðèñòè÷íèé âèñë³â Àíòîíà ×åõîâà: «Âñå òüìÿí³º ïåðåä êíèãîþ». Ïðèâåðòàþòü óâàãó êíèæêè ç äàð÷èìè íàïèñàìè â³äîìèõ ä³ÿ÷³â êóëüòóðè ³ ìèñòåöòâà, ïèñüìåííèê³â, ó÷åíèõ, âèäàâö³â, ïîäàðóíêè ç êîëåêö³é á³áë³îô³ë³â, âèäàííÿ, ùî íàä³éøëè ç ä³àñïîðè, ìàòåð³àëè ñàìâèäàâó, êíèãè, ïðèñâÿ÷åí³ ³ñòîðè÷íèì ïîä³ÿì ïåð³îäó ñòàíîâëåííÿ ³ ðîçáóäîâè Íåçàëåæíî¿ Óêðà¿íè. Ñë³ä çàçíà÷èòè, ùî ³ íèí³, â ñêëàäíèé ÷àñ äëÿ òâîðåííÿ êíèãè â Óêðà¿í³, º ïðèêëàäè çðàçêîâèõ âèäàíü çà ãëèáèíîþ çì³ñòó, ïîë³ãðàô³÷íîãî âèêîíàííÿ ³ õóäîæíüîãî îôîðìëåííÿ. Óêðà¿íñüêà êíèãà ìèíóëîãî ³ ñó÷àñíîñò³ â êðàùèõ ¿¿ âç³ðöÿõ – íåîö³íåííèé ñêàðá íàö³îíàëüíî¿ êóëüòóðè íàøîãî íàðîäó.

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

Her Majesty the book

Grand Kiev-Pechersk Lavra… Here, over a thousand years ago, a light of heightened spirituality and culture caught on fire. It was at that time when our domestic book originated. Here, at the beginning of the 17th century, the Lavra’s printing was founded by archimandrite Elisha Pletenetsky. It lasted for over three hundred years – a unique phenomenon in the history of eastern-Slavic printing. Now, it is in the Ukrainian State Museum of Books and Printing. The funds for its exhibition consist of almost 60 thousand hryvnia. The national book has a rich, interesting, and often dramatic history.

FRENCH KINGS SWORE ON A BOOK FROM KIEV! Under the great Knyazh of Kiev Rus' Yaroslav the Wise (1019-1054) in his scriptorium, he created books for learning, for both church and state needs. One of them had a wonderful destiny. This is the «Rheimish Gospel». From the capital Kyiv, it was brought to France by Princess Anne, daughter of Yaroslav, who in 1051 got married to King Heinrich I. Since then, the French kings, when rising to the throne, swore on this holy book. Up until now, it has remained in Rheims, where ceremo-

nies of solemn coronation take place. On the order of tzarist Russia’s government in 1843 in Paris, a lithographic edition of the «Rheimish Gospel» was made. One of its copies is now exhibited in the Museum. In 1056-1057, the «Ostromirov gospel» was edited and in 1073, «Izbornyk of Sviatoslav» was published. «Izbornyk» is a kind of time encyclopedia. It contains over 400 articles on issues such as church dogma, ancient artifacts, geography, philosophy, poetry, logic, mathematics, and medicine from the works of 25 famous Byzantine authors.

sian land?» The original chronicle has been lost. Its content is well-known from Lavrentiy’s list of 1377 and Ipatiy’s list of 1425, entitled «Russian Chronicles». These chronicles, «Tales of Bygone Years», were supplemented with materials from the Kiev and Galicia-Volyn chronicles. In Kiev, in the year 1187, the first mention appears of the name «Ukraine». A significant collection of ancient Russian handwritten books from the 8th to 9th centuries is the Kiev-Pechersk Paterik, «a collection of stories about the lives and activities of the Lavra’s monks, who were later canonized. Among them are famous historians, artists, and doctors. Their selfless, highly religious life inspired and still inspires many of the believers. The first edition of «Paterik», completed in 1661, was decorated with numerous engravings of Elijah. This book was reedited many times and enjoyed the same success.

THE MAIN BOOK IN THE LEDGER FOR THE INAUGURATION OF THE UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT

WHEN DID UKRAINE FIRST APPEAR? Then, religious books played a leading role, but we also have wonderful examples of original literature with secular content. Foremost are the chronicles. Perhaps, the chronicles began their existence at the time of Askold and Dir’s government in the 9th century. At the beginning of the 12th century, the Lavra’s monk Nestor (died ca. in 1113) composed the text of the well-known chronicle «Tale of Bygone Years». He stressed that his main task was in asking the descendents «... where did the Russian land appear from, and who began ruling it the first, and why was it Rus-

In 1556 – 1561, by a church order, the Peresopnitsya Gospel was rewritten with literary Ukrainian language in a village called Peresopnytsya on the Volyn. Nowadays, this book is essential in the inauguration ceremony of the Ukrainian President. Its original is stored at the National Library of Ukraine. It is named after V. Vernadsky, and the Museum features its most recent copy of the edition. The role of books increased when the printing press was invented, when it became possible to replicate books. It is known that the first book in Europe was printed in German Gutenberg in Mainz in the 15th century. In Ukraine, the first local printing appeared in its western lands in the 16th century. In the Museum, you can see «Apostle» and «Bukvar», written by Ivan Fedorov in 1574, as well as his famous «Ostrog Bible «(1581), which is the first edition of the full scripture in Church Slavonic language – a masterpiece in those days of printing. It was meaningful when the Lavra printed at the time of Metropolitan Peter Graves (16271647), who was directly involved in publishing, a signed and issued Orthodox catechism «Collection of short articles on faith ...». It included the foundations of faith and clearly, in accessible form, a doctrinal explanation of the Orthodox Church. A year before his death, P. Mogila succeeded in editing «Trebnik». At that time, there was a great need for this book. It includes descriptions of the rituals of baptism, weddings, oblation, deposition, consecration of military signs, etc… in Ukrainian traditions. The first printed scientific work that gave a systematic follow-up of national history from ancient times up until the Cossack era was «Syn-

opsis» («Review»), edited by Innokentiy Gisel, released in 1674. This book for more than 150 years served as a Ukrainian history book and was re-edited over 20 times in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

GOLD AND SILVER IN THE BOOK CLOTHES Books published with sponsors’ funds to be presented to the Church were covered in velvet, gold, silver and bronze frames. To decorate precious icons, colored settings in enamel, patina, and enamel were used. Experienced jewelers and goldsmiths skillfully created their art. The Lavra jewelry workshop was famous far outside Kyiv. Since the 19th century, the quantity of orders for books in wonderful rich cloth declined a great deal. Instead, more and more books were edited for practical, everyday purposes – for the growing needs of education and science. Their subjects varied, and circulation greatly increased. These books were attractive first of all because of their domestic content, but also for their originality and relevance, which have stood the test of time. The demand for such books has grown. Works by G.Skovoroda, I. Kotlyarevskiy, T.Shevchenko, and P. Kulish, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as I. Franko, L. Ukrainka, M. Kovel, P.Peace, M. Staritskogo and others were published. Now they are a rich treasure of classical literature. At that time, the works of eminent scientists – M. Maximovich, M. Kostomarov, V. Antonovich, M. Hrushevskiy, D. Yavornitskiy, V. Vernadsky, and E. Paton were edited. The first editions of these publications occupy a leading place in the museum exhibition. Their invaluable importance lies in the rise of national consciousness and in the spiritual, cultural and educational development of the people.

BOOKS NOWADAYS A surprisingly rich diversity of books has been published in the second half of the last century and the first years of the 21st century. The best of the best were lauded with high international and nationwide awards for book art. When examining them, the epigrammatic expression of Anton Chekhov comes to mind: «Everything fades in front of books.» Books with inscriptions of famous cultural figures and artists, writers, scientists, and publishers, and gifts from the collections of bibliophile editions, which have been received from the diaspora, and self-edited books on historical events in the formation of independent Ukraine and its period of development attract attention. It should be mentioned that nowadays in this difficult time for book publishing in Ukraine there are examples of media with a high quality of content, printing and design. Ukrainian books of past and present in the best patterns are the invaluable treasures of the national culture of our people.

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«Южная столица» – признание в любви Одессе и одесситам Общественный деятель, президент фонда «Южная столица» Вячеслав Крук представил свое творчество – одноименные фильм и книгу об Одессе. В книге собраны уникальные краеведческие материалы, мемуары, письма выдающихся деятелей Одессы первой половины XIX века. «Южная столица» рассказывает о феномене превращения юного портового города в крупнейший торговый, промышленный и интеллектуальный центр государства. Об уникальной книге и, конечно, об Одессе мы беседуем c Вячеславом Юлиевичем. – Âÿ÷åñëàâ Þëèåâè÷, ïðåæäå âñåãî îãðîìíîå ñïàñèáî çà Âàø òðóä, çà òàêóþ ïðåêðàñíóþ êíèãó. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, ñåãîäíÿ î÷åíü ìíîãèå îòíîñÿòñÿ ê ðàçðÿäó «èâàíîâ, íå ïîìíÿùèõ ðîäñòâà». À âàøà êíèãà – íå òîëüêî äàíü ëþáâè è óâàæåíèÿ ê Îäåññå, ýòî åùå è ïðåêðàñíûé èñòîðè÷åñêèé òðóä. Ñêàæèòå, ÷òî ïîäâèãëî, ïîñëóæèëî ïåðâîïðè÷èíîé âîçíèêíîâåíèÿ ïîäîáíîãî ïðîåêòà? – ß îäåññèò, â ýòîì ãîðîäå ðîäèëèñü è ðàñòóò ìîè äåòè. Íàäåþñü, ÷òî è âíóêè áóäóò îäåññèòàìè. Ñîçäàâàÿ êíèãó «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà», ÿ õîòåë, ÷òîáû äåòè Îäåññû çíàëè, â êàêîì ïðåêðàñíîì ãîðîäå îíè æèâóò. Íàâåðíîå, ïîýòîìó êíèãà «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà» – ýòî ìîå ëè÷íîå ïðèçíàíèå â ëþáâè Îäåññå è îäåññèòàì. Ïðè÷åì ìíå õîòåëîñü íå ïðîñòî ãîâîðèòü î ñâîåé ëþáâè ê ðîäíîìó ãîðîäó, íî ïîêàçàòü å¸ â äåéñòâèè. Ïîòîìó ÷òî ëþáîâü âñåãäà ÿâ-

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«По плодам их узнаете их», – говорится в Библии. Вот такими плодами, как мой фильм, а затем и книга об Одессе и одесситах я и хотел показать моим детям, что такое любовь к Родине, родному городу.

òåëüíûì, èíòåðåñíûì è íàñûùåííûì ñ òî÷êè çðåíèÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íîâîé, ïîðîé äåéñòâèòåëüíî ýêñêëþçèâíîé, èíôîðìàöèè. Ìíîãèå èñòî÷íèêè áûëè îïóáëèêîâàíû â ýòîé êíèãå âïåðâûå ïîñëå äîëãèõ ëåò çàáâåíèÿ, à äëÿ èõ ïîèñêà èñïîëüçîâàëèñü àðõèâû 1794–1947 ãã. Óíèêàëüíûìè ÿâëÿþòñÿ è èëëþñòðàöèè ñ ðàðèòåòíûìè âèäàìè Îäåññû èç ôîíäîâ Îäåññêîãî ëèòåðàòóðíîãî ìóçåÿ, Îäåññêîãî èñòîðèêî-êðàåâåä÷åñêîãî ìóçåÿ è ÷àñòíûõ êîëëåêöèé.

ëÿåòñÿ ïîáóäèòåëüíûì ìîòèâîì ê äåéñòâèþ, ê ïîñòóïêó. «Ïî ïëîäàì èõ óçíàåòå èõ», – ãîâîðèòñÿ â Áèáëèè. Âîò òàêèìè ïëîäàìè, êàê ìîé ôèëüì, à çàòåì è êíèãà îá Îäåññå è îäåññèòàõ ÿ è õîòåë ïîêàçàòü ìîèì äåòÿì, ÷òî òàêîå ëþáîâü ê Ðîäèíå, ðîäíîìó ãîðîäó. Èìåííî ïîýòîìó ìîÿ êíèãà ïðîíèçàíà çàïàõîì ìîðÿ, ñâåòîì ñîëíöà è âêóñîì èñòîðèè. Ýòà êíèãà î ìîåé ëþáâè ê Îäåññå, ê Þæíîé ñòîëèöå, ê ñàìîìó ïðåêðàñíîìó ãîðîäó íà çåìëå! – Ïî÷åìó áûë âûáðàí ôîðìàò èìåííî êíèãè? – Ïåðâûì ïðîåêòîì â ðàìêàõ áëàãîòâîðèòåëüíîé èíèöèàòèâû ôîíäà «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà», íàïðàâëåííîé íà ñîõðàíåíèå êóëüòóðíîãî íàñëåäèÿ Îäåññû, ñòàë îäíîèìåííûé äîêóìåíòàëüíûé ôèëüì îá èñòîðèè ãîðîäà, ñúåìêè êîòîðîãî ïðîõîäèëè íà ïðîòÿæåíèè òðåõ ëåò âî ìíîãèõ ãîðîäàõ ìèðà. Èñòîðèÿ ñîáèðàëàñü, è êàäðû ôèëüìà ïèñàëèñü â òàêèõ ÿðêèõ, îñòàâèâøèõ ñëåä â èñòîðèè Îäåññû ãîðîäàõ, êàê Ïàðèæ, Ëîíäîí, Íåàïîëü, Ôëîðåíöèÿ, Ëèâîðíî, Ñòàìáóë, Âåíà. Â ðåçóëüòàòå ïîëó÷èëñÿ, ïî îòçûâàì ðåöåíçåíòîâ, óäèâèòåëüíûé ôèëüì, íî òåëåâèçèîííûé ôîðìàò íå ïîçâîëèë âêëþ÷èòü âñå òî, ÷òî çà âðåìÿ ðàáîòû áûëî ñîáðàíî è ñíÿòî î íàøåì ãîðîäå. Ïîñëå âûõîäà ëåíòû îñòàëîñü ìíîãî èíòåðåñíîãî ìàòåðèàëà, êîòîðûé î÷åíü æàëêî áûëî òåðÿòü. Â èòîãå áûëî ïðèíÿòî ðåøåíèå ñâåñòè âñå ìàòåðèàëû âîåäèíî è èçäàòü èõ â áîëüøîì ñáîðíèêå. Äâà ãîäà íå ìåíåå óâëåêàòåëüíîé ñîâìåñòíîé ðàáîòû ñ Îäåññêèì ëèòåðàòóðíûì ìóçååì óâåí÷àëèñü ðîæäåíèåì êíèãè «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà». – Ñêàæèòå, à ÷åì â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü ÿâëÿåòñÿ Îäåññà äëÿ Âàñ? – Åñëè ñêàçàòü ïðîñòî, Îäåññà – ìîÿ ëþáîâü. È ìîÿ êíèãà ïîñâÿùåíà Îäåññå è îäåññèòàì, à çíà÷èò – ìîåé ñåìüå, ìîèì äåòÿì (èõ ó ìåíÿ ïÿòåðî). Îäåññà – ýòî ÷àñòè÷êà ìåíÿ

– Èñòîðèÿ Îäåññû èçîáèëóåò ìíîæåñòâîì èíòåðåñíåéøèõ ôàêòîâ, à òàêæå ìèôîâ è ëåãåíä. Ëè÷íî Âàì êàêàÿ èç ïîäîáíîãî ðîäà èñòîðèé íàèáîëåå áëèçêà (ïàìÿòíà)?

Я не устаю повторять: любите не себя в Одессе, а любите Одессу в себе. Если к Одессе с любовью будут относиться как те, кто в – Ïîâåðüòå, èíòåðåñíûõ èñòîðèé î÷åíü ней живет, так и те, кто ее посеìíîãî, íî, ïîæàëóé, äëÿ ìåíÿ íàèáîëåå ïðèìåщает, думаю, этот город будет ÷àòåëüíà èñòîðèÿ ðîæäåíèÿ Þæíîé ñòîëèöû. процветать вечно. Ðóññêîé èìïåðèè áûë íåîáõîäèì ñèëüñàìîãî. ß íå óñòàþ ïîâòîðÿòü: ëþáèòå íå ñåáÿ â Îäåññå, à ëþáèòå Îäåññó â ñåáå. Åñëè ê Îäåññå ñ ëþáîâüþ áóäóò îòíîñèòüñÿ êàê òå, êòî â íåé æèâåò, òàê è òå, êòî åå ïîñåùàåò, äóìàþ, ýòîò ãîðîä áóäåò ïðîöâåòàòü âå÷íî. – Â ÷åì, íà Âàø âçãëÿä, ñåêðåò îñîáîãî îáàÿíèÿ ýòîãî ãîðîäà? – Ýòî, ïðåæäå âñåãî, ôåíîìåí ïðåâðàùåíèÿ þíîãî ïîðòîâîãî ãîðîäà â êðóïíåéøèé êóëüòóðíûé, òîðãîâûé, ïðîìûøëåííûé è èíòåëëåêòóàëüíûé öåíòð ãîñóäàðñòâà. Ñ ïåðâîãî äíÿ îñíîâàíèÿ Îäåññà áûëà âîëüíûì ãîðîäîì. Çäåñü âñåãäà áûëî ðàçðåøåíî âñå, ÷òî íå çàïðåùåíî. Ýòî áûëî åäèíñòâåííîå ìåñòî â Ðîññèè, ãäå íå áûëî êðåïîñòíîãî ïðàâà, ãäå ìèðíî óæèâàëèñü áîëåå ñòà íàöèîíàëüíîñòåé, ãäå êàæäûé ìîã ìîëèòüñÿ ïî-ñâîåìó è ïî ñâîåé âåðå. Ýòîò äóõ âçàèìíîãî óâàæåíèÿ è âîëüíèöû âû ìîæåòå ïðî÷óâñòâîâàòü è ñåãîäíÿ, ïðèåõàâ â ýòîò ãîðîä. È êàê Âîðîíöîâñêèé ìàÿê ñâîèì ðóáèíîâûì ìåðöàíèåì çîâåò çàéòè â ïîðò òîðãîâûå ñóäà, òàê è Îäåññà – æåì÷óæèíà ó ìîðÿ – ìàíèò ê ñåáå ìèôàìè è áûëüþ, àíåêäîòàìè è ïåñíÿìè. Ýòî ãîðîäëåãåíäà, êîòîðîìó ñóæäåíî áûëî ñòàòü Þæíîé ñòîëèöåé ñíà÷àëà Ðîññèéñêîé èìïåðèè, à çàòåì è Íåçàâèñèìîé Óêðàèíû. – ×òî áûëî ñàìûì ñëîæíûì â ïðîöåññå ïîäãîòîâêè êíèãè «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà»? – ß íå ñêàçàë áû, ÷òî ïðîöåññ ñîçäàíèÿ êíèãè áûë ñëîæíûì, ñêîðåå, îí áûë óâëåêà-

íûé ïîðòîâûé ãîðîä íà áåðåãó ×åðíîãî ìîðÿ. Â ìàå 1792 ãîäà Åêàòåðèíà II èçäàåò óêàç, â êîòîðîì ïîâåëåâàåò íîâîìó ãåíåðàëãóáåðíàòîðó êðàÿ «îáîçðåòü âñþ Î÷àêîâñêóþ îáëàñòü îò Áóãà äî Äíåñòðà» è ðàçâåäàòü, «ìîæíî ëè óñòðîèòü òàì, íà ìîðñêîì áåðåãó, ãàâàíü». Ãîñóäàðûíå áûëî ïðåäëîæåíî íåñêîëüêî ìåñò äëÿ óñòðîéñòâà ãàâàíè. Íà Õàäæèáåå (ñîâðåìåííîé Îäåññå) íàñòîÿë Äåðèáàñ. Ýòî áûë ïåðâûé â èñòîðèè Ðîññèè òîðãîâûé ïîðò, ïîñòðîåííûé â îòêðûòîé áóõòå, âîïðåêè òðàäèöèÿì è èñêóññòâó ñòðîèòåëüñòâà ïîðòîâ òîãî âðåìåíè. Ïîäïèñàâ âûñî÷àéøèé ðåñêðèïò î ñòðîèòåëüñòâå Îäåññû, Åêàòåðèíà Âåëèêàÿ ïðîðóáèëà åù¸ îäíî îêíî â Åâðîïó, íî, â îòëè÷èå îò Ïåòðà Âåëèêîãî, íà þæíóþ ñòîðîíó. Êðîìå ãåîãðàôè÷åñêèõ îñîáåííîñòåé ñîçäàíèÿ Þæíîé ñòîëèöû, íå ñòîèò çàáûâàòü î òîì, ÷òî ýòîò íåîáûêíîâåííûé ãîðîä ïðîñëàâèëè ëþäè. È íà÷àëîñü ýòî, ïðåæäå âñåãî, ñ îñîáûõ îòíîøåíèé Äåðèáàñà ñ Åêàòåðèíîé, êîòîðûå ñûãðàëè êëþ÷åâóþ ðîëü â òîì, ÷òîáû ãîðîä ïîÿâèëñÿ èìåííî òàì, ãäå îí ñòîèò ñåé÷àñ. – Âÿ÷åñëàâ Þëèåâè÷, êíèãó «Þæíàÿ ñòîëèöà» Âû ïîñâÿòèëè ñâîåé ñåìüå. Ó âàñ ïÿòåðî äåòåé… Ñîãëàñèòåñü, äëÿ ñîâðåìåííîãî ìèðà áîëüøàÿ ñåìüÿ – ýòî, ê ñîæàëåíèþ, óæå î÷åíü áîëüøàÿ ðåäêîñòü. À ÷òî çíà÷èò ñåìüÿ äëÿ Âàñ? – Ñåìüÿ, ìîÿ æåíà è äåòè – ýòî òî, ÷åì ÿ æèâó. Ìîÿ ñåìüÿ – ýòî íåðàçðûâíàÿ, íåäåëèìàÿ, ñóâåðåííàÿ òåððèòîðèÿ ëþáâè â ìîåé æèçíè.

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«Southern Capital» – a declaration of love to Odessa and its inhabitants A public figure, the president of the «Southern Capital» fund Vyacheslav Kruk, presented his work a film and a book by the same name about Odessa. This book unites unique regional history materials, memoirs, and letters written by Odessa’s outstanding figures of the first half of the XIXth century. «Southern Capital» tells about the amazing transformation of the young port city into the biggest trade, industrial and intellectual center of the state. We discuss this unique book and, of course, Odessa itself with Vyacheslav Yulievich. – Vyacheslav Yulievich, first of all, I would like to say a huge thanks for your hard work and such a wonderful book. Unfortunately, many people could be considered as those who do not remember their consanguinity. And your book is not only a profound respect to Odessa, but also an excellent historical book. So what motivated you to start working on such a project? – I’m originally from Odessa; my children were born and live here. I hope, my grandchildren will live in Odessa, too. By writing «The Southern Capital» (Yuzhnaya Stolitsa) book, I wanted the children of Odessa to know in what an amazing city they live. That’s why «The Southern Capital» is my personal declaration of love to Odessa and its inhabitants. Moreover, I wanted not only to talk about my love of the hometown, but also show it in action, because love always motivates you to act and to do something. «Thus, by their fruit you will recognize them», the Bible says. So by such fruit as my documentary is and later the book about Odessa and its inhabitants, I wanted to show my children what the love of your native land and your hometown is. That’s why this book is penetrated with the smell of the sea, light of the sun and the taste of history. This book is about my love of Odessa, the Southern capital, the most beautiful city on earth! – Why have you chosen this particular format – a book? – The first project as part of the «Southern Capital» charity initiative, aimed to preserve Odessa’s cultural heritage, was a like-named documentary about the history of the city. It was being filmed for three years in many cities worldwide. We gathered historical facts and shot the film frames in the bright cities which left footprints in the history of Odessa, such as Paris, London, Naples, Florence, Leghorn, Istanbul and Vienna. As the reviewers say, we got an amazing film at the end, however, the TV format didn’t let us include everything we could gather and shoot about our city. After the film release, we had lots of material left that we

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²Ì²ÄÆ UA 4(9)2009

I keep on saying: don’t love yourself in Odessa, love Odessa in yourself. If those living in Odessa and those coming to visit it will cherish it, I believe this city will prosper forever. didn’t want to lose. Eventually, we decided to gather all the materials and publish them all in a big collection. Two years of captivating teamwork together with Odessa Literature Museum gave birth to «The Southern Capital» book. – Could you tell us what Odessa is for you? – Simply saying, Odessa is my love. My book is dedicated to Odessa and its inhabitants which also means my family and my children: I have five of them. Odessa is a part of me. I keep on saying: don’t love yourself in Odessa, love Odessa in yourself. If those living in Odessa and those coming to visit it will cherish it, I believe this city will prosper forever. – What, in your opinion, is the secret of the special charm of this city? – First of all, it’s the phenomenon of the transformation of a young port city into the largest cultural, trade, industrial and intellectual center of the country. Since the first day of its founding, Odessa was a free city. Everything that wasn’t forbidden was permitted here. It was the only place in Russia, where there was no law of serfdom, where people of more than a hundred nationalities got on, where everybody could pray in their own way and profess their own religion. You can feel this spirit of mutual respect and freedom even now, if you come to the city. And as Vorontsov Lighthouse with its ruby twinkling calls commercial ships to come to the port, so Odessa – the pearl by the sea – is attracting you through its myths and true stories, jokes and songs. This city which was destined to become the Southern capital of the Great Russian Empire first, and later –Independent Ukraine is a legend.

– What was the most difficult thing, while preparing «The Southern Capital» book? – I wouldn’t say the process of creating the book was difficult; it was rather exciting, interesting and intensive in terms of receiving new and sometimes absolutely exclusive information. Numerous sources were published in this book for the first time after many years of oblivion, and to find them we had to use archives of 1794-1947. The illustrations with rare views of Odessa taken from funds of Odessa Literature Museum, Odessa Museum of History and Regional Studies as well as private collections were unique, too. – The history of Odessa is full of interesting facts, as well as myths and legends. Which story is the most remarkable for you? – Believe me, there’re many interesting stories, but for me personally the story of the founding of the Southern capital is the most remarkable one. The Russian Empire needed a powerful port city on the side of the Black sea. In May 1772, Catherine II gave a decree in which she commanded a new General Governor of that land «to look around the whole Ochakov region from Bug to Dnister» and to find out «whether it’s possible to found a harbor on the seaside». The governess was offered several places for establishing a harbor. And Deribas insisted on Khadjibey (modern Odessa). That was the first trade port in the history of Russia that was built in the open bay against the traditions and art of building ports of that time. By signing the highest rescript for the founding of Odessa, Catherine the Great chopped another window to Europe, but in contrast to Peter the Great, on the southern side. Besides geographical peculiarities of creating the Southern capital, it’s worth remembering that this awesome city was glorified by people. And everything started from the special relationships of Deribas with Catherine, which played a key role in having the city where we have it now. – Vyacheslav Yulievich, you dedicated «The Southern Capital» book to your family. You have five kids. You must admit that for the contemporary world to have a big family is rare. What does your family mean to you? – The family – wife and children – is everything I live by. My family is an indissoluble, indivisible and sovereign territory of love in my life.

Проект Вячеслава Крука Я только те минуты жизни почту счастливыми, в которые буду слышать о благоденствии Одессы Герцог Арманд-Эммануил София-Септимани Дюплесси Ришелье

I will consider only those moments happy, when I will hear about the prosperity of Odesa Duke Armand Emmanuel Sophie Septimanie du Plessis de Richelieu

Southern capital Уникальный литературно-краеведческий сборник об Одессе первой половины XIX века. Unique Selection of local historic literature of Odessa – the first half of the 19th century.

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