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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing is a comprehensive journal that covers all aspects of Satellite Communications and their integration into recent technologies that are the focus of ongoing research. Journal has a wider scope including all major advancement in the technology and design that are related to Satellite Communication. All articles presented here are peer-reviewed and are of good quality.

Focus and Scope of the Journal ! Specific satellite services ! Space surveillance network ! Weather and environmental monitoring ! Mobile satellite services ! Orbits and launches ! Spacecraft technology ! Ground equipment for geo satcom ! Vsat satellite communication ! Web based services ! Land survey data ! Low and high data rate demodulators

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Priyanka Garg

Akanksha Marwah

Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. S. Anandamurugan, Assistant Professor, Information Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamilnadu, India

Dr. Sudhansu Sekhar Singh, Professor and Program Head School Of Electronics Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India

Dr. Mahesh N. Jivani Department of Electronics Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India.

Dr. P. Dananjayan Chairman, PG Programme (CBCS), India.

Dr. Amin Noura University Putra Malaysia, 43300 UPM serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Dr. K A Lathief Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Ethiopia

Dr. Venkata Sundaranand Putcha Associate Professor (IIT Scale), CR Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science (AIMSCS) University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India

Praveen Kumar Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Dundigal, Hyderabad, India

Dr. Amel Boufrioua University Constantine, Algeria

Hashim Ali Hasab Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

Rosalio G Artes Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science and Mathematics MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, Iligan City, Philippines

Himanshu Monga Shiva Group of Institutions, Bilaspur (H.P), India

Saurabh Rai Dhirendra Prasad Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, DKTE Society's Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, India.

Kartic Bera Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

Amit Yadav Department of Electrical Engineering, DEI, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing. This journal is part of the Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, and is devoted to the scope of present Electronics issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing in JournalsPub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Specific satellite services, Space surveillance network, Weather and environmental monitoring, Mobile satellite services, Orbits and launches, Spacecraft technology, Ground equipment for geo sitcom, Vsat satellite communication, Web based services, Land survey data, Low and high data rate demodulator. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. Climate Change Impact on Land Use/Land Covers Change Through Remote Sensing, A Case Study of Dangra Sub-watershed, Bankura and Puruliya District Kartic Bera

2. Design of Compact Dipole Array Antenna for Radar Communication V. Koushick

3. Data Mining Techniques Used for Rainfall Prediction â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A Review Survey Dhiraj Kumar, Neetu Sharma

4. Glacier and Lake Areas and Snowlines Over Past Two Decades: Status of Alaknanda Basin Asha Thapliyal, Sradha, Archana, Anju Panwar, Komal, Rakesh Joon

5. A Review on Web Services Rahul Saraf

International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Climate Change Impact on Land Use/Land Covers Change Through Remote Sensing, A Case Study of Dangra Subwatershed, Bankura and Puruliya District Kartic Bera* Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

Abstract A wide range of research suggests that many natural systems are already being affected by regional climate change. The present study’s focus is climate change impact on land use/land covers change identification of Dangra sub-watershed. Land use/land cover (LU/LC) can be defined by the ability of the physical and chemical properties of soil, drainage, relief, ground water, slope and climate of the area. Remote sensing and GIS analysis are used to collect, analysis and retrieve large volumes of spatially referenced data collected from different sources. The present study has utilized the analytical capabilities of GIS in generation of thematic map of land use/land covers of the sub-watershed. The study concludes that, land use condition depends on climate (Rainfall) condition. Maximum area of agricultural land and water body are occurred in the year 2010, beside the rainfall amount also high in the year. Keywords: agriculture, agro-climate, climate change, watershed

INTRODUCTION International instability could increase as a consequence of climate change, either directly through extreme weather events and water system stresses, or indirectly as social and political systems in vulnerable parts of the world come under increasing strain.[1] The green water storage, i.e. the soil water is decreasing in the mid-century with respect to 1970s. Climate impacts of global- and regional-scale LU/LC have been studied using both observations and models.[2,3] Agriculture resource measured to be one of the most important renewable and dynamic natural resource.[4] Agriculture is one of the important resources on which physical, economic, and social development depends. Agriculture provides food and variety of minerals and therefore it needs proper use of land. Agriculture resource has very often been left in the past entirely of

primitive method. This has led to proper use of land resulting basic resource which has gradually deteriorated. The importance of land classification is on the basis of quality and intensity of land use.[5] Humans have changed the global environment for centuries, and its impact has intensified over recent decades due to increased population and intensification of industrial activity.[6] The exploitation and misconduct of natural resource with socioeconomic factors, the demands for land become more competitive. Crops that require special management are excluded. Agriculture ability of the world’s natural resource to provide the needs of its growing population is a fundamental issue for the international community.[7] Soil

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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 1: Issue 2

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Design of Compact Dipole Array Antenna for Radar Communication V. Koushick* Department of ECE, Trichy Engineering College, Konalai, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract A design of compact dipole array antenna for RADAR communication is designed and presented in this paper. The proposed dipole array antenna is built on a Rogers’s 5880 (FR – 4) substrate with a length of 48 mm, thickness of 1.6mm, and width of 60mm. The proposed antenna is designed over a frequency range of 1.0–10.0 GHz. The antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS software, which helps to obtain the analysis of antenna parameters such as efficiency, VSWR, directivity, return loss, gain and relation between them. Keywords: array antenna, HFSS, radiation pattern, VSWR

INTRODUCTION In recent years, the development in communication systems require low cost, compact size and low profile antennas that are capable of achieving good performance over a wide spectrum of frequencies. The current trend in radar systems is to develop printed antennas at minimal cost and light weight which are able to maintain high performance over a wide frequency spectrum. Due to low fabrication and compactness of the planar antennas, the field is attracting the researchers to work in this area.[1–4] To maintaining compactness, operating in multiple frequency bands and achieving high gain of the antenna is still a challenge to the researchers.[2] Antenna is an important device of any wireless communication system as it converts the electrical signals (propagating in the RF Transceiver) into Electromagnetic Waves (Propagating in the free space) efficiently with minimum loss. An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio

receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequency to the antenna's terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves (radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, which is applied to a receiver to be amplified. Antennas are essential components of all equipment that uses radio. They are used in systems such as radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, two-way radio, communications receivers, radar, cell phones, and satellite communications, as well as other devices such as garage door openers, wireless microphones, Bluetoothenabled devices, wireless computer networks, baby monitors, and RFID tags on merchandise. The antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically

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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Data Mining Techniques Used for Rainfall Prediction – A Review Survey Dhiraj Kumar, Neetu Sharma Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ganga Institute of Technology and Management, Kablana, Jhajjar, Haryana, India

Abstract Rainfall is considered as one of the real segments of the hydrological procedure; it takes critical part in assessing dry season and flooding occasions. Thusly, it is vital to have a precise model for rainfall prediction. As of late, a few data driven demonstrating approaches have been explored to perform such forecasting as multilayer perceptron neural systems (MLP-NN). Actually, the rainfall time series modeling (SARIMA) includes essential temporal measurements. Keeping in mind the end goal to assess the earnings of both models, factual parameters were utilized to make the examination between the two models. These parameters incorporate the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient Of Correlation (CC) and BIAS. Two-Third of the information was utilized for preparing the model and 33% for testing. Keywords: big data mining, Hadoop, map reduce, security

INTRODUCTION Characteristics and measure of rainfall are not effectively known until it happens. As rainfall assumes a pivotal part in assessment and administration of drought and flood occasions, it is essential to have the capacity to estimate rainfall. Agribusiness is the prevalent occupation in India, representing around 52% of livelihood and the service division makes up a further 34% and industrial segment around 14%.[1–4] Agrarian and associated divisions represented around 60% of the aggregate workforce. Most of the sub-mainland relies on upon the rainfall for the agriculture needs. The rainfall information is accessible for the data mining systems which can be helpful for foreseeing the rainfall which can be extremely valuable for taking choices over crop planting in the territories. Learning of regular rainfall, ahead of time, aides in legitimate agricultural planning.

The country is, fundamentally, reliant on the sensibly exact expectation of the aggregate sum of rainfall from the earliest starting point of June to the end of September e.g., if there should be an occurrence of a possible underneath normal rainfall circumstance satisfactory courses of action could be made for the obtainment, transport, and appropriation of sustenance grains. Data Mining goes for finding learning out of information and displaying it in a structure that is effortlessly compressible to people. It is a procedure that is produced to look at a lot of information routinely gathered. Data mining is most valuable in an exploratory investigation situation in which there are no foreordained ideas about what will constitute an "intriguing"

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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Glacier and Lake Areas and Snowlines Over Past Two Decades: Status of Alaknanda Basin Asha Thapliyal1, Sradha1, Archana1, Anju Panwar2, Komal3, Rakesh Joon3* 1

Uttarakhand Space Application Centre, Uttarakhand, India 2 Doon University, Uttarakhand, India 3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ganga Institute of Technology and Management, Kablana, Jhajjar, Haryana, India

Abstract We use satellite remote sensing and a DEM to determine the snowline altitude of the Alaknanda basin. One hundred and six glaciers were monitored, indicating that the Alaknanda basin has decreased in area by 58% over the period 1990-2014. It is observed that snowline altitude is generally higher during 2010/11 than 2012/13 and 2013/14. The lowest snowline altitudes were observed to be 3335 m a.s.l. in March 2011 and 3300 m a.s.l. in February of 2014. Our detailed data on glacial and lake areas over 30 years provide an important spatiotemporal assessment of climate variability in this area. These data can be integrated into further studies to analyse inter-annual glacial and lake area changes and assess hydrological dependence and consequences for downstream populations. Keywords: accumulation, climate, snow

INTRODUCTION Glacier changes are excellent indicators of climate change, as small climatic variations can produce rapid changes. The Himalayan region has permanent snowfields, and in winter most high altitude regions experience snowfall. During summer, snowmelt is the major runoff for many rivers originating from the Himalaya, including those that are key elements of agricultural systems of South Asia (Kumar and others, 2005). Changes in glacier melt amount and patterns, along with other changes in high-altitude hydrology, will affect agriculture production across the region. Many Himalayan glaciers are retreating faster than the global average[1-4] and are thinning by 0.3-1 m a-1.[5-8]

Himalayas, glacial melt associated with climate change has led to the formation of glacial lakes in open areas behind exposed end moraines, causing great concern. Due to rapid recession of glaciers, a number of catastrophic effects such as glacial lake outburst floods (WWF, 2005; Mool and others, 2007)[9-12] and water scarcity in the upper Himalayan rivers have been reported (Kulkarni and others, 2002; 2007). Mapping and monitoring of seasonal snow cover and snowline is a challenging task in the Himalaya, and remote sensing has emerged as a useful technique for this work.[13,14] STUDY AREA The glaciated area in the Alaknanda Basin extends from 30º 15’ N to 31º 04’ N

The rate of retreat for the Gangotri Glacier over the past three decades has been more than three times the rate during the preceding 200 years. In the central IJSCRS (2016) 22–29 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved

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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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A Review on Web Services Rahul Saraf Essel Vidyut Vitaran, pvt. Ltd. Sagar, India E-mail: rahulsaraf.rs@gmail.com INTRODUCTION A Web service is an amenity presented by an electronic device to an additional electronic device, interactive with every other via the World Wide Web. In a Web service, Web skill such as the HTTP, in the beginning intended for human-to-machine communication, is applied for machine-tomachine communication, added specially for moving machine readable file formats

such as XML and JSON. In run through, the Web service characteristically offers an object-oriented Web-based edge to a database server, make use of, for instance by additional Web server, or by a mobile use, that affords a user interface to the end user. A new general use offered to the end user might be a mashup, wherever a Web server ingests numerous Web services at dissimilar machineries and accumulates the contented into one user interface.[1-3]

WEB API

Fig. 1. Web Services in a Service-Oriented Architecture. A Web API is an expansion in Web services everywhere prominence has been affecting to unassuming figurative state transfer (REST) grounded communications. RESTful APIs do not necessitate XML-based Web service protocols (SOAP and WSDL) to sustenance their boundaries. (Figure 1)[4]



CATEGORIES OF WEB SERVICES

REST-compliant Web services, in which the principal determination of the provision is to operate depictions of Web resources by means of an unchanging regular of stateless processes. Arbitrary Web services, which are the facility that might uncover a random set of operations.[5]

We can categorise two main modules of Web services:

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« « « «

¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

1 more...

Civil Engineering

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development « International Journal of Town Planning and Management 2 more...

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2 more...

Electrical Engineering

Computer Science and Engineering « « « « «

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Material Sciences and Engineering

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Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

International Journal of

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences