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Focus and Scope of the Journal ! Conventional electromechanical ! Neural networks ! Object oriented system ! System control centers ! Database and information systems ! Stock and parameter estimation ! Small and large system dynamics ! Man-machine interfaces ! Electric Power Systems Computer Analysis

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EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. V Balaji Bahir Dar University,Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

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Dr chetan khemraj , GNA Institute of Management & Technology, Phagwara, Punjab, India

Dr. Xiangshun Li School of Automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 205, Wuhan, Hubei, china

Dr. P. Rathika Professor and Head, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, V V College of Engineering, Tisaiyanvilai, India

Prof. Manish Kumar Srivastava Department of Electrical Machine (Electrical Engineering), Agricultural Institute Deemed University, Allahabad, India

Dr. P. Rama Subramanian Computer Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr. Hadadi Sudheendra School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia

Dr. S. Thiruvenkadam Professor and Head Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, P.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Tamilnadu, India

Dr Oscar Onuke Lecturer, University of Lagos & Senior Engineering consultant Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation NNPC Abuja Nigeria

Dr. M. Gopinath Professor, Dr. N.G.P Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India

M. V. Subramanyam Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India

D.K. Chaturvedi, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engg, D.E.I., Dayalbagh, Agra, India

Suresh Babu Daram Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, India

Mohammad Yasir Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Integral University campus Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology. This journal is part of the Electrical Engineering, and is devoted to the scope of present Electrical issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Electrical Engineering community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology in JournalsPub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Electrical Engineering in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Conventional electromechanical, Neural networks, Object oriented system, System control centres, Database and information systems, Stock and parameter estimation, Small and large system dynamics, Man-machine interfaces, Electric Power Systems Computer Analysis. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Electrical Engineering and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Electrical Engineering community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this very first issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Electrical Engineering. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Electrical Engineering readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Electrical Power System and Technology. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. Solar Based Electric Fence for Smart Farming Kapil Dev Sharma, Shailika Sharma, Prateek Sharma, Abhisht Saxena

2. Application of Fuzzy Controller in Power System and Control System - A Review Vikas Singh Kushwah

3. Voltage Stability Index-Based Critical Bus Ranking Incorporating IPFC Under Single Transmission Line Outage Condition S.B. Daram1, P.S. Venakataramu, M.S. Nagaraj

4. A Review on Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Level with Power Quality Improvement Features Anand Kaurwar, Vijay Bhuria

5. Optimal Power Flow Control by Using UPFC Dhananjay Prasad, Aseem Chandel, Rahul Gupta

6. Case Study Of Bus System Under Three-Phase PWM Cycloconverter with MPPT Feedback Control Mohammad Yasir, Imran Khan, Malik Rafi

7. A New Proposal for Controlling and Monitoring of Power Distribution Transformer in Indian Power System E. Mahalakshmi, I. Shaba, J. Ezhil Hannah

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Solar Based Electric Fence for Smart Farming Kapil Dev Sharma*, Shailika Sharma, Prateek Sharma, Abhisht Saxena Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Greater Noida, India

Abstract Animals create problems for farmers in their fields. By using electric fences farmers can protect their fields, farmhouses, farmlands from animals. These control the animals by giving them a short, sharp but safe shock that teaches them to stay away from the fence. Thus electric fences are economical and practical solutions to maximize field production through controlled grazing. Electric fencing is safe, as its output is discrete. There is certain time duration between two pulses that prevents prolonged shocking to animals or people. In addition, the short ‘on’-time prevents heat build-up. This project works on stable multivibrator principle. A free running oscillator is designed to generate square wave and the output is given to push-pull amplifier. This square wave is stepped up to high voltage level and can be connected to the fence Keywords: battery, current, energy, solar photovoltaic, sunshine hours, voltage

INTRODUCTION India is a farmer's country. The economy of India is mainly depends on farming. But the farmers have many problems for them there should be some solution for their problems. Destroying crops by animals is a major problem that farmers face. They use fencing around their farms, do cowboy job but these methods requires a lot hard work and manpower. Electric fences can be used to protect farmhouses, farmlands, forest bungalows, etc. from animals. In a way, these simulate the job of a cowboy or forest guard. Electric fences are already popular in countries where manpower is expensive electric fences are slowly becoming popular in India as well. These control the animals by giving them a short, sharp but safe shock that teaches them to stay away from the fence. Thus electric fences are economical and practical solutions to maximize field production through controlled grazing. Electric fencing is safe, as its output is discrete (not continuous). There is certain time duration between two pulses that prevents

prolonged shocking to animals or people. The availability of electricity is also a major problem. To solve the problem of electricity we can use the sun means solar energy. Empower the fence corralling your dairy cows or meat cows and spare electrical expenses with our complete line of Solar Powered models. Much the same as our module models, the Power Wizard Ultra low impedance, solar powered electric fence chargers convey shock power per second to your dairy bovines or hamburger cows. The Power Wizard Solar controlled models are accessible for farms, hobby farms or cattle ranches from one acre to 100 acres.[1] Solar photovoltaic power is put away in a battery through charge controller. Battery controls a MOSFET based Inverter that develops 50 Hz 220 V. AC is then bolstered to a wall the wall around the

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Application of Fuzzy Controller in Power System and Control System – A Review Vikas Singh Kushwah Department of Electrical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology and science (Autonomous), Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract In today's world there is a rapid increase and advancement in new and innovative technology, fuzzy logic is a practical approach of mathematics into the Logic of Boolean. The practical application of it can be easily seen in the field of engineering and science. In this paper we discussed and review about different applications of fuzzy logic controllers in the field of power system, power electronics and control system. Keywords: fuzzy logic controller, power quality improvement, takagi-sugeno(TS)

INTRODUCTION Fuzzy logic is measured as a superset of standard logic which is prolonged to pact with the partial truth. It has developed one of the most efficacious skills for emerging complex control systems. Fuzzy logic is a design method that can be utilized to solve real life difficulties.

controllers in engineering applications. In order to rectify the data acquisition system problems the fuzzy logic is used.

Fuzzy set theory is similar to human decision construction in its use of estimated information. It was essentially used to arithmetically signify improbability and imprecision and provide tools to contract with the inaccuracy in many difficulties. A fuzzy logic system has the benefit of lower growth costs, superior features, and improved end product act.[1–13].

Some of the major field of applications which is going to be discussed in this paper are: 1) Power system 2) Control system

APPLICATIONS OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLERS In past few years there is a sudden increase in implementation of fuzzy logic

In the field of robotics fuzzy logics helps to solve the problems related to navigation of robot and arm manipulation or motion control of the robot.[14,15]

Power System In power system the fuzzy logics are implemented for the estimation of peak load of distribution system, controlling of steam turbines, current regulation, designing the controller for rectifier and in tuning of the induction machine drives.

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1 www.journalspub.com

Voltage Stability Index-Based Critical Bus Ranking Incorporating IPFC under Single Transmission Line Outage Condition S.B. Daram1*, P.S. Venakataramu2, M.S. Nagaraj3 1

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India 2 REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India 3 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Karnataka, India

Abstract In this paper, critical bus ranking (CBR) under normal loading and incremented loading condition in the system and the effect of incorporating interline power flow controller (IPFC) is compared. The same critical bus ranking is also computed under single transmission line outage (STLO) condition with and without incorporating IPFC. The proposed methodology has been tested on various standard systems, the results of IEEE 14 bus system is presented for understanding the effectiveness of the proposed method. Keywords: critical bus ranking, FACTS, IPFC, VCPI

INTRODUCTION Voltage instability is defined as an inability of the power system to meet the required amount of demand under the increasing load.[1] Even though the Voltage instability is a dynamic in nature, most of the cases, the analysis is done under static process. A reduced load flow Jacobian with respect to the critical bus of a system is used for the detection of proximity to a static voltage collapse point.[2,3] A steady state approach and a dynamic approach using the static and the dynamic tools are presented in ref.[4] Online-voltage stability based on the node voltage and the availability of the reactive power in the nearby bus is computed and an electric distance is presented for the selection of the area of contingency occurred in ref.[5] A comprehensive set of indices has been presented in ref.[6] The prediction of proximity to voltage collapse for each bus has been presented as voltage collapse prediction indicator (VCPI) in

ref.[7] An improved voltage stability studies considering zip load model and exponential load model for L-index is in ref.[8] Among many flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices, interline power flow controller (IPFC) is one of the latest FACTS devices which have a capability of controlling the active and reactive power of one transmission line and only active or reactive power of another transmission line connected. A multiple configurations of VSC based FACTS devices for power flow, sensitivity of a particular transmission line and dispatch analysis is given in refs.[9,10] Presents an IPFC model considering few operating constraints like maximum series injected current, voltage and maximum active power exchange has

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455–7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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A Review on Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Level with Power Quality Improvement Features Anand Kaurwar*, Vijay Bhuria Department of Electrical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract Renewable energy sources (RES) are as a rule progressively associated in appropriation frameworks using power electronic converters. This review paper displays a novel control procedure for accomplishing greatest advantages from these matrix interfacing inverters at the point when introduced in 3-phase 4-wire dissemination frameworks. The inverter is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be utilized as: 1) power converter to inject power generated from RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance, load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and load neutral current. These capacities might be refined either separately or at the same time. With such a control, the mix of matrix interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control idea is exhibited with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation Studies and validated through digital signal processor-based laboratory experimental results. Keywords: active power filters (APF), distribution system, distributed generation (DG), grid interconnection, grid interfacing inverter, renewable energy, power quality (PQ), power injection, THD

INTRODUCTION Electric utilities and end clients of electric force are turning out to be progressively worried about meeting the developing vitality request. 75% percent of aggregate worldwide vitality interest is supplied by the blazing of fossil powers. Be that as it may expanding air contamination, an unnatural weather change concerns, lessening fossil powers and their expanding cost have made it fundamental to look towards renewable sources as a future vitality arrangement. Subsequent to the previous decade, there has been a gigantic enthusiasm for numerous nations on renewable energy for force era. The

market liberalization and government's motivating forces have further quickened the renewable energy division development. Interest for power has been extensively expanding in this decade. Renewable energy sources (RES) takes care of this demand. Despite the fact that it serves as an option hotspot for fossil powers, its irregular nature produces power quality (PQ) issues. These issues can be controlled utilizing the power electronic devices and control strategy. But the extensive use of nonlinear loads produce harmonics and affects power quality. The existence of

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Optimal Power Flow Control by Using UPFC Dhananjay Prasad1, Aseem Chandel2*, Rahul Gupta2 1

Hi-tech institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad, India 2 B.S.A College of Engineering and Technology, Mathura, India

Abstract Major objective of the present paper is to control the power flow in the transmission line using FACTS controllers mainly UPFC. It is essential to know the power flow between two buses and the various parameters involved in the power flow equation. Power Electronic Control in Electrical Systems offers a solid theoretical foundation for the electronic control of active and reactive power. Keywords: active and reactive power, flexible AC transmission system (FACTS), unified power flow controller (UPFC)

INTRODUCTION Electrical networks are interconnected to different generating stations and load centers according to the existing plan. But load demands on the system are not constant. With the increase of industrial growth and domestic load, more power is consumed by the different loads. To fulfil the load demand, either electrical system network to be re-evaluated or the power carrying capability of the transmission line to be increased. Economic point of view, modification or alteration of electric network is costly. Thus aim is to increase the power carrying capability of transmission line.[1,2] . FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (FACTS) The concept of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) was first defined by Hingorani, N.G in 1998.[3] FACTS are mainly focused on FACTS devices developments and their impacts on the power system, such as power flow modulation and control, transient stability enhancement, small-disturbance stability improvement and oscillation damping.[4] The IEEE defines FACTS as “alternating current transmission systems incorporating

power-electronics based and other static controllers to enhance controllability and power transfer capability’’.[5] The FACTS increased utilization of existing network closer to its thermal loading capacity without jeopardizing the stability. The main purpose of these systems is to supply the network as quickly as possible with inductive or capacitive reactive power that is adapted to its particular requirements, while also improving transmission quality and the efficiency of the power transmission system. MODELLING OF UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER (UPFC) The UPFC consist of two VSCs sharing a common capacitor on their DC side and a unified control system. A schematic representation of the UPFC is given in Figure 1 and it equivalent circuit diagram in Figure 2.

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Case Study of Bus System Under Three-Phase PWM Cycloconverter With MPPT Feedback Control Mohammad Yasir*, Imran Khan, Malik Rafi AZAD IET, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract In this paper, we examine a bus system as a load to extract maximum obtainable power on it from three phase PWM cycloconverter module. We also use the concept of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control through which the efficiency can be improved. The main objective of this case study is to observe the behavior of given bus system when it is applied as a load in MPPT controlled three phase model of PWM cycloconverter. We implement the P&O algorithm of maximum power tracking in the present module. The cycloconverter is examined in its most basic form with MPPT control straightly without additional output filters or other complicated control techniques. The operating conditions includes MPPT output, load voltage, load current of bus system load along with the parameter of bridge module used for it. The scope of the paper covers ode45 calculations in MATLAB simulations, as well as a hardware implementation. By using similar concept the estimation can be made for the cycloconverter with the proper control of circuit such as MPPT in order to get higher power at output i.e. in bus system for this case study. Additionally, the proposed scheme provides more suitable and basic feedback controlling scheme with good efficiency. Keywords: cycloconverter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), polyphase

INTRODUCTION In order to operate any electrical system the power delivery must be from a source to a load. The main problem is that the unavailability of a single unique power somewhere DC requires and somewhere AC. Apart of it, there are various amplitudes, as well as various frequencies with several polyphase schemes of AC. When the cases are observed then the forms of the input source differ from the load requirements. Hence conversion is needed between these different forms of electrical power with the help of power electronic circuits. This work shows with the regular improvement of technology in the field of power electronics for commercial use. This power electronics refers to the conversion of electrical power using a power circuit and a control circuit in form of closed loop system which has

feed-forward from the input or feed-back from the output. The control circuit drives the devices with the required logic. This control improves performance of object as per need which may be connected at either the load or at the source. At high power levels the application of power electronics i.e. cycloconverter is to be used as one stage method. Generally its input and output both may be single or polyphase. This paper focuses on the case study of a bus system connected at load of the three phase PWM cycloconverter along with the MPPT control strategy of feedback control system.[1-3]

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International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology ISSN: 2455-7293(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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A New Proposal for Controlling and Monitoring of Power Distribution Transformer in Indian Power System E. Mahalakshmi*, I. Shaba, J. Ezhil Hannah Department of EEE, V.V. College of Engineering, Thisayanvilai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract Load balancing is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load. This paper deals with the principle of low operation cost and flexible ZigBee based distribution transformer management system. The main objective is to *monitor the distribution transformer automatically. The intelligent load control system monitor the transformer current and voltage by using current and voltage measuring interface and the information transmitted through ZigBee wireless network. The purpose of ZigBee is to provide a facility for observing and controlling the power system from various substations by processing the terminal units. Those informations are sent to the operator console (master terminal) for relevant action. When fault occurs, the protective devices are activated and at the same time it will trip the load automatically to maintain the load balance. The fault is detected with the help of warning mechanism. The ZigBee acts as a communication channel between the master station and control center. Keywords: distribution transformer, loadcontrol, ZigBee

INTRODUCTION An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply the electric power for transmission and distribution. A power system delivers energy to loads which perform the function. These loads range varies from household appliances to industrial machinery. Loads are expected a certain voltage, a certain frequency and number of phases. The appliances found in the home, for example, will typically be single-phase operating at 50 Hz with a voltage 230 volts. An exception exists for centralized air conditioning systems as these are now typically three-phase because this allows them to operate more efficiently. All electrical home appliances have wattage; this specifies the amount of power the device consumes. At any time, the net amount of power consumed by the loads

on a power system must equal the net amount of power produced by the supplied.[1] Making sure that the voltage, frequency and amount of power is supplied to the load from the line has some expectations is one of the great challenges in the power system. Be that as it may it is not just the test, notwithstanding that power is utilized by a load to do a valuable work, numerous exchanging current gadgets likewise utilize an extra measure of power since they cause the alternating voltage and alternating current to end up marginally out-of-synchronous In addition to that sustained overvoltage and under voltages as well as sustained deviations from the system frequency, the power system loads can be adversely affected by the range of temporal issues. Power quality issues occur when the load

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¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

1 more...

Civil Engineering

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

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Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Electrical Engineering

Material Sciences and Engineering

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5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

JAN – JUNE 2016

Nursing « « « « «

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International Journal of Electrical Power System & Technology

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences