International Journal of Energetic Materials vol 2 issue 1 by JournalsPub

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E, 6 Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India 1 t E-mail: info@journalspub.com 0 i e l 2 m ic b rt u S A Mechanical Engineering Applied Mechanics r International Journal of Electro Mechanics and International Journal of Thermal Energy and u Mechanical Behaviour Applications International Journal of Machine Design and International Journal of Production Engineering Yo «

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¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

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Computer Science and Engineering International Journal of Wireless Network Security International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices International Journal of Software Computing and Testing International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms 5 more...

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International Journal of Immunological Nursing International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing International Journal of Neurological Nursing International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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International Journal of Energetic Materials International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical Engineering 4 more...

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International Journal of Photochemistry International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry International Journal of Green Chemistry International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering 3 more...

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Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

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Biomaterials International Journal of Plant Biotechnology International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and 3 more... Applications

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

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International Journal of Energetic Materials International Journal of Energetic Materials is a peer-reviewed journal that establishes an international forum for all aspects of energetic materials. Journal focuses on the emerging trends in the field of propellants, thermal protection material and detonation. International journal of energetic material publishes good quality original research articles and review papers.

Focus and Scope of the Journal ü Explosives ü Pyrotechnic compositions ü Rocket and missile propellants ü Synthesis and sensitivity of energetic materials ü Molecular orbital calculations ü Thermal decomposition and hazards testing ü Detonation and/or deflagration processes ü Rocket thermal protection materials ü Combustion of energetic materials ü Munitions use and demilitarization International Journal of Energetic Materials is published twice a year (bi-annual) by JournalsPub an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written permission to the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub (info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager Hidam Renubala

Commissioning Editors Ankita Singh

Priyanka Garg

Akanksha Marwah

Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Anil Ramdas Bari Arts, Commerce & Science College, Bodwad, Dist- Jalgaon (Maharashtra), India

Dr. Arindam Basak Film Photovoltaic Lab, School of Electronics Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India

Dr. Lixin Xue Ningbo Institute of Material Technololgy and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Dr. Saad A. El-Sayed Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia, Egypt

Dr. Himadri Shekhar Department of Applied Sciences, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, (West Bengal) India

Dr. G. K. Paul Department of Physics, Hooghly Mohsin College, Hooghly (West Bengal) India, India

Dr. Surya Kanta Bhowmik Department of Physics, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, (West Bengal) India

Dr. Himadri Sekhar Das Department of Applied Sciences, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, (West Bengal) India

Dr. Rajesh Das Department of Applied Sciences, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, (West Bengal) India

Dr. Atanu Jana Department of Physics, Vivekananda Mission Mahavidyalaya, Haldia (West Bengal) India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Energetic Materials. This journal is part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Energetic Materials issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Energetic Materials as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Energetic Materials Science community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International journal of Energetic Materials in JournalsPub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Energetic Materials in general. JournalsPub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Energetic Materials focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Explosives, Pyrotechnic compositions, Rocket and missile propellants, Synthesis and sensitivity of energetic materials, Molecular orbital calculations, Thermal decomposition and hazards testing, Detonation and/or deflagration processes, Rocket thermal protection materials, Combustion of energetic materials, Munitions use and demilitarization. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Energetic Materials and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Energetic Materials Science community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Energetic Materials. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Energetic Materials readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Energetic Materials. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Editor

Contents 1. Decision Methodology for Site Suitability Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A Combinatorics Approach Nikhil Dev, Satyapal, Tarun Kumar Kurmi

2. Sustainable and Renewable Technologies for Energy Demands Nikhil Dev

3. Process of Catalysis in Industry: A Review Saptrishi Roy

4. A Review on Bidirectional Converter for Storage of Energy Systems Using Multiport Systems S.M. Nookalan

5. Investigations of Ruthenium an Energetic Material Shivani A. Chimatadar

International Journal of Energetic Materials Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Decision Methodology for Site Suitability Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; A Combinatorics Approach Nikhil Dev1*, Satyapal2, Tarun Kumar Kurmi3 1

YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana, India 2 Sobhasaria Group of Institutions, Sikar, Rajasthan, India 3 Neon Classes, Jaipur Rajasthan, India

Abstract Installation and operation of a power plant is dependent upon a large number of parameters which are interdependent. In the present work a methodology based upon the combination of digraph development, matrix representation and computational solution is applied on the problem of site selection for power plant is developed. The aim of present work is the factor identification and methodology development for decision making. This paper identifies various parameters affecting the real time situation. All these parameters are interacting with each other by different amounts. An attempt has been made to develop a mathematical model of SSPP from these interacting parameters using GTA. These parameters are interdependent. For the peer group selection maximum value is compared with real time value. Value of relative SSPP comes out to be 34.41%. From the GTA it came out that with decrease in Availability of Water, relative is decreased from 38.51 to 34.41%. Keywords: digraph, graph theory, parameters, permanent function

INTRODUCTION A coal based steam power plant affects the environment surroundings during its construction, maintenance and operation. These effects on environment, society, flora and fauna are of temporary and permanent nature. A lot of research is concentrated on preservation of man and environment. Therefore, it is required to analyze any location before the installation of power plant. The analysis should take care of all the factors and sub-factors that affect power plant site selection. The objective of this research is to first identify, rank and relate the important factors and sub factors relevant to the power plant location selection and provide a framework of relationships amongst factors using graph theory approach (GTA). GTA is a systematic and logical methodology/approach which synthesizes the interrelationship among different

parameters or sub-system parameters and provides a score for the entire system that is helpful for site selection of power plant. It also takes care of directional relationship and interdependence among sub-system. At present a lot of research is going on in decision making in power generation industry and other organization. Dev et al.[1] developed a computational methodology for the assessment of dual pressure non-reheat combined-cycle power plant with change in drum pressure. A GTA-based methodology was also proposed by Dev et al.[2] for the evaluation of combined cycle power plant. Thermodynamic analysis of a combined heat and power system was carried out to

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International Journal of Energetic Materials Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Sustainable and Renewable Technologies for Energy Demands Nikhil Dev* YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana

Abstract At present a lot of stress is on the use of renewable energy and development of energy conversion technology capable of harnessing renewable energy. In 2012 the world energy consumption was 5.6 Ă&#x2014; 1020 Joules and the share of oil was 31.4%, for coal it was 29.0%. Share for natural gas in increasing day by day and it is estimated to be 21.3%. Other sources of the energy such as biofuels and waste shares 10.0%, nuclear contributes 4.8%, hydro shares 2.4%. In the present work harnessing to solar energy is described in relation to sustainability. At present hydrogen is looked as the solution for future energy problems and fuel cells are the future energy conversion technologies.

INTRODUCTION Engineering, R&D and economics are integrated to each other in such a manner that no one can be studied independently.[1] Any product development from inception to completion is to undergo all the three analysis. Further the development of a new product or component is dependent upon the innovation which is the outcome of exhaustive R&D. In case of power generation industry innovation may be either incremental or radical.[2] An innovation is radical for power generation industry if one or more newly developed equipments or components change the electricity generation system, which spurs new technological trajectory in power plant system improvement and results in to a new paradigm.[3] It has to differ from existing technological trajectories and offer significant advantages, e.g. a leap in efficiency, lower emissions, lower costs, etc. At present modern industries are looking for the greener power generation technologies for the future sustainable development. Out of the renewable technologies available fuel cell and solar photo-voltaic (PV) seems to be economically viable and sustainable technologies.[1]

Energy is a need to survive, to grow and to sustain in an environment which is conducive but not perfect. The definition of perfect differs from person to person, region to region and country to country.[4] No power generation technology is perfect and therefore, in future the concentration is on the power generation source which produces minimum pollution at end user side e.g. PV cell and fuel cell (FC). If the whole life cycle of a PVC or FC is analyzed then it will be found that these technologies are as much as polluting as other power generation technologies. But the end user which is installing PVCs at their roof top feels it to be a green initiative for power generation.[5] Similar is the case for FC powered vehicle. Therefore, these technologies are capable of reducing the localized pollution and helpful in making any city clean and green.[6] FC technology is an environmental convivial electrochemical technology with placated energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. This makes it most admiring system for transportation and

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International Journal of Energetic Materials Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Process of Catalysis in Industry: A Review Saptrishi Roy* BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, Hyderabad, India

Abstract This article underlines the significance of catalysis innovation and catalysts especially in Indian point of view. The development of the catalysis innovation utilized as a part of the current commercial ventures in India is tremendous furthermore the catalysis research in India and its educated community is huge. Be that as it may, in pedagogical showing catalysis is continually being disregarded in the science syllabus in this nation. A conclusion has been drawn tending to the significance of instructing catalysis to the students and postgraduates and sought after of more research commitment in this field. Keywords: catalysis, industry, energetic, technology

INTRODUCTION Since Berzelius introduced the expression "catalysis", the reactant science and innovation have gone over far. About 95% of the compound assembling forms including creation of fills and chemicals, composts, plastics, pharmaceuticals use catalyst.[1] Other than synthetic creation, there is a huge utilization of catalyst in ecological assurance and vitality change forms.[2] Catalysis Research is a quickly developing multibillion-dollar industry. The aggregate catalyst market esteem, which was 8.5 billion dollar in 1997, has now transformed into 15.4 billion dollars[3,4] among which, 30% is given to car division and natural catalysis. In United States synthetic industry alone, the catalysis represents around three billion dollars for each annum and estimation demonstrates that each US$1 spent on impetuses created US$155 worth of items.[5,6] On account of the usage of stringent ecological laws, it is anticipated that by 2015, car discharge control impetus itself will constitute more than $7 billion. The significance of catalysis will keep on growing in our century because of always expanding vitality interest, to support

nature furthermore because of the improvements in material science like the development of meso-permeable and nano materials. Catalyst responses are done utilizing homogeneous, heterogeneous and compound catalyze yet the creation of most of the mass chemicals includes strong (heterogeneous) impetuses. Despite the fact that homogeneous impetuses are naturally more dynamic and particular contrasted with the vast majority of the heterogeneous impetuses, still heterogeneous catalysis is the decision in industry for complex preferences like: impetus recuperation is financially savvy and simple, and great warm dependability. The key accomplishment of mechanical heterogeneous catalysis relies on upon the reactant materials. The union and preparing of materials assume a crucial part. In this way, the essential accentuation is given on improving the reactor, successful method for blending mass

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International Journal of Energetic Materials Vol. 2: Issue 1

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A Review on Bidirectional Converter for Storage of Energy Systems Using Multiport Systems S.M. Nookalan* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (Power Electronics and Drives), Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, India

Abstract Multiport converters are broadly utilized as a part of vitality era frameworks, microgrids and electric vehicles to give stable energy to key burdens with high power thickness. In this anticipate, a multiport disconnected bidirectional converter is expected for mixture vitality stockpiling framework in microgrids. Microgrids are associated with the adjacent renewable vitality era frameworks as sun based, wind, and so on. These frameworks don't give unadulterated DC voltage to transformation into AC required by the network. Consequently a solitary stage DC-AC-DC change is required. For vitality administration and single-stage force transformation, multiport bidirectional converter (BDC) is the best decision. Keywords: energetic materials, hybrid energy management

INTRODUCTION With the quick improvement of electric vehicles and renewable energy power systems, microgrid plays a major role in distributed generation. Energy stockpiling framework is a key part of the microgrid. Battery is the most develop innovation for electrical vitality stockpiling. It has high vitality thickness. Then again, its dynamic reaction is moderate which makes it unacceptable to fulfill the necessities of sudden changes on burden or power. In the interim, a super capacitor has short charging/releasing time and high power thickness. Subsequently, the half breed framework consolidated with the battery and the super capacitor can be utilized to enhance the execution of the vitality stockpiling framework. Battery is utilized for vitality stockpiling, while super capacitor is utilized for transient vitality stockpiling and quick supplement. To guarantee the mixture framework to be exceedingly productive, safe, and dependable; the outline ought to consider two viewpoints—development and vitality

administration methodology. For development, multiport converters are the ideal decision especially for frameworks where differing sources and capacity components are to be coordinated.[1–3] MULTIPORT CONVERTERS Multiport converter has the adaptability to amplify any number of info or yield ports so that few vitality sources and capacity components can be interconnected. The converter directs the force stream between the sources and the heaps. The qualities of a multiport converter are: • Stepping up or stepping down the voltage level between its input and output along with bidirectional power flow in all of the ports. • Control of power flow between the ports as application demands. • Port voltages can vary between few tenths of a volt to hundreds of volts.

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International Journal of Energetic Material Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Investigations of Ruthenium an Energetic Material Shivani A. Chimatadar* P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnataka University, Pavate Nagar Dharwad, Karnataka, India

Abstract The energy of ruthenium catalyzed degradative oxidation of methylparaben by the copper complex, is researched at 30ºC and at an ionic strength of 60 × 10−3mol dm−3. In the presence of catalyst ruthenium(III), the reaction between methyl and diperiodatocuprate in aqueous alkaline medium exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry. Keywords: energetic, kinetics, ruthenium

INTRODUCTION Copper is extremely noteworthy as a microelement in organic frameworks.[1] Copper salts are additionally principal components of catalytical blends castoff in industry to intercede the oxidation of natural mixes by oxygen, e.g., in the Wacker procedure.[2] A few number of the unanalyzed and catalyzed takes a shot at the energy of oxidation of various substrates by utilizing diperiodatocuprate(III) in basic medium have been considered, e.g., oxidation of LTryptophan, L-leucine, sulfacetamide, acyclovir, and so on. The unmistakable oxidative impact of trivalent copper-periodate complex, diperiodatocuprate(III) on methylparaben at low concentration is studied in alkaline medium. The Cu3+/Cu2+ reduction potential is −1.28 V in alkaline solution.[3] So there is much more possibility of oxidation of substrates by DPC(III) with such a higher reduction potential compared to that of other oxidants in either alkaline or acidic medium. Copper(III) has received extensive attention recently

because of its apparent involvement in various biological processes.[4] Hydroxybenzoates (parabens) are esters of p-hydroxybenzoic corrosive (PHBA) with antibacterial and antifungal properties which are as often as possible utilized as an additive as a part of nourishment, beauty care products and pharmaceuticals. The way to the bioactivities of parabens is their restraint of layer transport and mitochondrial capacity forms.[5,6] EXPERIMENTAL Methods and Reagents All chemicals were of scientific reagent review and utilized without further decontamination, and deionized water was utilized all through. The Copper complex was set up by oxidizing it in the soluble medium as indicated by the known strategy and institutionalized by iodometric titration (Figures 1,2). The working arrangements of Cu complex was arranged day by day and weakened as required. Methylparaben was obtained and a stock arrangement of it was set up in deionized water.[7]

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« « « «

¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Automation 5 more...

Chemical Engineering Commercialization

Pollution 1 more...

Civil Engineering

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

« « « «

Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

2 more...

Electrical Engineering

Nursing « « « « «

Material Sciences and Engineering

« « « «

5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

JAN – JUNE 2016

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

« « « « «

IJEM

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

5 more...

Signals

Energetic Materials

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

International Journal of

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences