International Journals of Nanobiotechnology vol 2 issue 1 by JournalsPub

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E, 6 Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India 1 t E-mail: info@journalspub.com 0 i e l 2 m ic b rt u S A Mechanical Engineering Applied Mechanics r International Journal of Electro Mechanics and International Journal of Thermal Energy and u Mechanical Behaviour Applications International Journal of Machine Design and International Journal of Production Engineering Yo «

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¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

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International Journal of Nanobiotechnology International Journals of Nanobiotechnology covers the interdisciplinary field of Nanobiotechnology and the recent advances in Nanobiotechnology and nanotechnology. Journal focuses on the niche segment of Nanopharmaceuticals, Nanomedicine and is committed to make a mark in the field of research communication.

Focus and Scope of the Journal !

Nanobiopharmaceutics

! Nanobiomechanics ! Nanomedicine ! Bio-induced Nanopatterning ! Nanocrystals and bio-crystallization processes ! Biomedical sciences ! Injectable gold nanoparticles ! Polymeric nanoparticles

International Journal of Nanobiotechnology is published twice a year (bi-annual) by JournalsPub an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written permission to the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub (info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager Hidam Renubala

Commissioning Editors Ankita Singh

Priyanka Garg

Akanksha Marwah

Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Gurudeeban Selvaraj BioMed Research Management Services, India

Dr. Gopinath Packirisamy Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (Uttarakhand), India

Prof. Balaji Panchapakesan Worcester Polytechnic Institute, United States

Dr. Joydeep Chowdhury Department of Physics, Sammilani Mahavidyalaya, E.M. Bypass, Baghajatin, Kolkata, India

Dr Venu Perla West Virginia State University Research & Development Corporation, United States

Prof. Javed Musarrat Professor of Ag. Microbiology Department of Ag. Microbiology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India

Dr. Nayira S. Sayeeda Dean, Assistant Professor College of MedicineImam university, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Rajesh Das Haldia Institute of technology, Haldia PurbaMedinipur (West Bengal), India

Dr. Agnishwar Girigoswami Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), India

Dr. Gulam Mohammed Nazeruddin Nasiruddin

Principal & Head, Department of Chemistry Poona College of Art, Science and Commerce, Camp, Pune India

Dr. Koppula Purushotham Reddy Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri,Columbia, Missouri, United States.

Dr. Mohanan PV Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India)

Dr. Dinesh Kumar National Research Centre for Citrus, India

Dr. Chaitanya Lakshmi G. Sapthagiri College of Engineering, India

Dr. A. K. Trivedi National Bureau of Plant Genetics Resources, New Delhi, India

Dr. Neeraj Dilbaghi Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India

Dr. Lonchin Suguna Scientist, Department of Biochemistry Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, India

Dr. S Chidananda Sharma Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore (Karnataka), India

Prof. G. Baskar Professor, Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Nanobiotechnology. This journal is part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Nanobiotechnology issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Nanobiotechnology as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Nanobiotechnology Science community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International journal of Nanobiotechnology in JournalsPub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Nanobiotechnology in general. JournalsPub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Nanobiotechnology focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Nanobiopharmaceutics, Nanobiomechanics, Nanomedicine, Bio-induced, Nanopatterning, Nanocrystals and bio-crystallization processes, biomedical sciences, Injectable gold nanoparticles, Polymeric nanoparticles. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Nanobiotechnology and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Nanobiotechnology community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Nanobiotechnology. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Nanobiotechnology readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Nanobiotechnology. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. An Analytical Study of Structural Optical Properties of CaAl2O4 Phosphors by Solâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Gel Method G. Freeda

2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Its Usage in Electricity Generation Appporva Mathuriya

3. Bioinformatics Laboratory and Its Importance: A Review Ankita Singh

4. Barcoding of DNA Deepak Saranya

5. Nanocrystalline Silicon Carbide for Implants N. Shah

International Journal of Nanobiotechnology ISSN: 2456-0111(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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An Analytical Study of Structural Optical Properties of CaAl2O4 Phosphors by Sol–Gel Method G. Freeda* Physics Research Centre, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract A comparative study of structure, morphology and optical properties of CaAl2O4 Phosphors by In this paper, monoclinic CaAl2O4 phosphor with various weight rate of aluminum was blended by low temperature sol–gel technique. The readied tests were described by X-beam diffraction (XRD) examination, Fourier change infrared (FTIR), checking electron microscopy (SEM), vitality dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and photoluminescence discharge spectra (PL). The XRD examination demonstrated that CaAl2O4 have monoclinic structure. The normal size of the particles lies somewhere around 88 and 109 nm. It was found that PL outflow was gotten at 395 nm, 510 nm,790 nm comparing to blue, green and IR district of the range, individually. Keywords: XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDS, sol–gel method

INTRODUCTION Antacid earth metal oxides consolidated with aluminum oxide are of extraordinary interest for material science as a result of utilization as long term photoluminescence and thermoluminescence colors. They have potential use as headstrong oxides in the steel business and fastener materials in the concrete business.[1] Numerous endeavors have been made to find host materials and also activators with elite for phosphor applications. Sol–gel technique speaks to an appealing and simple option strategy to routine blend strategy, for example, earthenware terminating,[2–4] precipitation,[5,6] or [7] particle trade on bolstered oxides. With sol–gel technique, a low temperature (900ºC) has been reported for the successful preparation of MAl2O4 powders.[8] In this work, preparation of CaAl2O4 with different wt.% of aluminium

concentration, structure, morphology and luminescence are reported. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS Materials and Solvents  Calcium acetate  Aluminium acetate Procedure Ammonia was added to the above blend dropwise to achieve pH estimation of 10.3. Amid the response, it was seen that the arrangement got to be thick (sol). The sol was warmed at 40 ºC while being mechanically blended with an attractive stirrer. On further warming, the sol transformed into a thick gel. The gel was matured for 2h and after that dried at 80ºC for around 5 h. The subsequent materials were very much pounded and toughened at 900ºC for 2h, we get white hued CaAl2O4 nanopowders (Figure 1). The same system was rehashed with various wt.% in the

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International Journal of Nanobiotechnology ISSN: 2456-0111(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Its Usage in Electricity Generation Appporva Mathuriya* Department of Biotechnology, Anand Engineering College, NH-2, Keetham, Agra, India

Abstract The reasonable, practical and vitality productive wastewater treatment remains an inquisitive worry among researchers. Microbial power device (MFC) can offer such rich arrangements. MFC is an electrochemical framework that proselytes substance vitality of concoction mixes into power through metabolic exercises of microorganisms. MFCs are financially savvy approach for wastewater treatment because of expulsion of contaminants from wastewater while in the meantime delivering electrical force. The wastewater, which is a wellspring of enumerable extremophilic microbial vegetation, is utilized as inoculum as a part of numerous late studies. Wastewater acclimatization with effective microflora can enhance the execution of MFC. In present commitment, execution of MFC was looked at on the premise of inoculum. The power era and concoction oxygen request (COD) evacuation conduct of crude wastewater (RW) was contrasted and that of vaccinated wastewater (IW) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It was watched that Saccharomyces cerevisiae surprisingly upgraded the execution. Up to 344 mW/cm2 power thickness and 95.2% COD expulsion was gotten amid 30 days of operation. Keywords: bioelectricity, domestic wastewater, inoculums

INTRODUCTION Microbial power devices (MFCs) are electrochemical gadgets that change over the substance vitality contained in natural matter into power by method for the reactant (metabolic) action of living microorganisms. A run of the mill MFC comprises of anode and cathode isolated by a cation-ific layer. In the anode council of a MFC, microorganisms oxidize fuel (substrate) creating electrons and protons. Electrons are exchanged through an outer circuit while the protons diffuse through the answer for the cathode, where electrons join with protons and oxygen to frame water. As of late, MFCs are getting more prevalence because of their viability to create power alongside wastewater treatment. Wastewater is a prime wellspring of contaminations and

enumerable extremophilic microbial vegetation. Extremophiles present in the wastewater itself can be used in MFCs. However these microorganisms are of heterogeneous nature and lead to normal execution. MATERIALS AND METHODS Domestic Wastewater Wastewater test was gathered from the grounds waste treatment plant. Spot tests were gathered and transported to the research center for physicochemical examination. These parameters incorporate pH, absolute broke down solids, all out

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International Journal of Nanobiotechnology ISSN: 2456-0111(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Bioinformatics Laboratory and Its Importance: A Review Ankita Singh* Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract The quick mechanical change is changing the world in which we live. Since research facility administrations are characterized by accessible items and apparatuses of innovation, this mechanical transformation is having a noteworthy and significant impact on how clinical labs are composed, staffed, prepared, and worked. In this survey, I examine exclusively and all things considered the advances and improvements being made in the general zones of estimation, computerized, and transportation innovation and show how the union of the items developing from these advances is influencing the clinical research center. Keywords: converging technology, clinical laboratories, technological revolution

INTRODUCTION Customarily, clinical research centers have depended on the results of innovation to give them the assets important to give quality lab administrations. Accordingly, clinical research facilities have computerized and improved their expository abilities, extended their scope of scientific administrations, connected the standards of cutting edge administration to their operations, and conformed to the requests and directs forced on them by social, political, and monetary powers. Previously, specialized advancement was unfaltering and delivered items that showed up in the symptomatic commercial center in a persistent and practically unsurprising way in the historical backdrop of the world.[1–11]

are sorted out, staffed, prepared, and worked.[12–19]

Given the clinical research facility's dependence on innovation, it is not amazing that this mechanical unrest is influencing the order of clinical lab solution reclassifying and reshaping clinical labs and the routes in which they

LITERATURE REVIEW In microbiology today, more than most other analytic research center trains, the capacity to touch base at the right and clinically applicable result is subject to the expertise of the clinical lab researcher (CLS). The capacity to rapidly limit down

The mechanical changes that are affecting the operation of clinical research centers are happening in numerous controls, including strong state material science; material, fabricating, PC, building, and lab sciences; logical science; biotechnology; and drug.[12] To show how some of these progressions are influencing clinical research facilities, I have assembled a few center innovations into four general regions. Commercialization of these technologies has resulted in products with clinical applications now converging on the clinical laboratory.

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International journals of Nanobiotechnology ISSN: 2456-0111(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Barcoding of DNA Deepak Saranya* Department of Biotechnology, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India

Abstract DNA barcoding framework is a promising methodology towards the conclusion of organic differing qualities utilizing DNA successions as an essential key for recovery of hereditary data. It is rising as an institutionalized technique for mapping different species on the earth. DNA barcoding is an instrument for ID of new species, preservation of imperiled species and bunching of different species under a specific gathering. Numerous databases have been produced over the globe for the brisk appraisal of different DNA standardized tags. Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) and Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) serves as the major scanner tag hotspots for the specialists in species recognizable proof. There are few acknowledged standardized tags over the globe for distinguishing proof of the species, for example, CO1 quality for creatures and rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA for plants and ITS quality for parasitic species. Subsequently DNA barcoding is the new modernized, rapid, exact and reliable strategy for biodiversity distinguishing proof. This survey study indicates remarkable components of DNA barcoding framework as a basic modernized taxonomical device for species distinguishing pieces of proof. Keywords: DNA barcoding, trnH-psbA gene, biodiversity

INTRODUCTION In the late advances in investigative world, DNA barcoding is rising as a successful apparatus for different species distinguishing proof over the globe. Despite the fact that there are numerous recognizable proof device for species, DNA barcoding has been considered as the modernized, exact and reliable instrument for biodiversity grouping. The sole prospect for a supportable distinguishing proof capacity lies in the development of frameworks that utilize DNA arrangements as taxon "standardized tags."[1] The DNA barcoding innovation utilizes a short standard bit of DNA arrangement for species distinguishing proof and has increased wide acknowledgment as a standard and successful strategy for biodiversity research, protection hereditary qualities, and untamed life.[2]

The DNA successions are hereditary standardized tags that are embedded in each cell. Barcoding arrangement of DNA has been elevated as an approach to lessen observing expenses and enhance productivity.[3] Barcoding arrangement of DNA has helped taxonomist to grasp developmental and hereditary connections by gathering atomic, morphological and distributional information.[4] DNA barcoding utilizes a predefined DNA grouping to give taxonomic distinguishing proof to different examples at cell life.[1,5– 7] This survey study helps us to comprehend significant DNA standardized tags and use of DNA barcoding framework

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International Journal of Nanobiotechnology ISSN: 2456-0111(online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Nanocrystalline Silicon Carbide for Implants N. Shah* Department of Nanotechnology, V. V. P. Engineering College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Abstract Nanocrystalline silicon carbide (SiC) is a wannabe material for artificial heart valves fundamentally because of its low weight, high quality, intense hardness, wear resistance, latency (SiC does not respond with organic liquids), and disintegration resistance. Oxide clay materials, for example, alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZrO2) are regularly utilized for restorative applications like inserts and prostheses due to their breathtaking biocompatibility and high wear resistance. Sadly, oxide earthenware production can't be utilized for ostensible diligent meager walled inserts like reemerging hip prostheses in light of their lacking quality. Nanocrystalline ZrO2 (zirconium oxide) fired is hard, wear-safe, erosion safe (organic liquids are destructive), and biocompatible. Nanoceramics can likewise be made permeable into (aerogels can withstand up to 100 times their weight) which results in far less regular insert substitutions, and consequently, a noteworthy lessening in surgical costs. Keywords: nanocrystalline, zirconia

INTRODUCTION Silicon carbide is produced by the Acheson procedure. At present, coke and quartz are utilized as primary crude materials to create SiC in mass quantities[1–3]. In the Acheson procedure, realistic representation of a resistance heater is utilized. SiC has colossal hardness, sharpness and great warm properties and therefore it is acting as a coarse and hard-headed material. Acheson procedure is a carbothermal union of SiC. The most essential crude materials are SiO2 and C which are made to respond at high temperatures[2]. Saw clean and salt are likewise included, with the goal that saw dust blazes and gives pores encouraging breakout of advanced gasses (at high temperatures).Terminating is accomplished for around 2400 min and in the wake of cooling, the side dividers are evacuated. An external layer of uncombined blend is split away, uncovering the barrel shaped mass of sharp, splendid precious stones.

After cooling, a cross-sectional perspective of the resistor heater demonstrates that SiC is isolated by molecule size of the item— this is the SiC. The entire response procedure is exceptionally troublesome and the efficiency is low. A solid 1-D scientific model considering transmission, convection and outflow as warmth exchange modes can be produced. Constrained volume strategy has been utilized to illuminate the warmth equalization conditions. To approve the model, an exploratory office has been produced at research center scale. Both the model and exploratory information demonstrated a decent customariness with each other. For the procedure and to approve it tentatively, at present, endeavors are made

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« « « «

¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

1 more...

Civil Engineering

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development « International Journal of Town Planning and Management 2 more...

« « « «

Nursing « « « « «

International Journal of

Nanobiotechnology Jan – Jun 2016

IJN

Material Sciences and Engineering

« « « «

5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

Computer Science and Engineering « « « « «

e-ISSN:2456-0111

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences