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cdc.gov
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…kfgL k|z:t lkpg'xf];\ .Ú kfgL k|z:t lkpg' /fd|f] xf] . 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfxdfq xf]Og, cfkm}+n] klg a'‰g'kg]{ xf] . xf] t clxn] w]/}n] a'em]sf] h:tf] 5 . Pp6f v';Lsf] ;dfrf/ 5, …kfgL km]l/ Psk6s cd]l/sfdf nf]slk|o k]o aGg k'u]sf] 5 .Ú sl/a @) jif{;Dd ;f]8f (soda) gDa/ ! k]o kbfy{ aGof] . ;g\ !((* df t dflg;x? w]/} ;f]8f lkpg yfn]sf lyP . Tof] jif{ cd]l/sfdf Ps JolStn] Ps jif{df cf};t %* Uofng ;f]8f / $$ Uofng kfgL lkpg] u/]sf] …a]e/]h 8fOh]:6Ú (Beverage Digest) sf] cWoogn] atfPsf] 5 . ;do laTb} uof], ;f]8fn] df]6f]kg (Obesity) a9fpg d2t u¥of] eGg] yfxf ePkl5
dflg;x? kfgL lkpg yfn] . ;g\ @))* df cfP/ kfgLn] ;f]8fnfO{ lhTof] . o;df af]s]/ lx+8\g ;lhnf] af]tndf a]lrg] kfgLn] klg kfgL cuf8L cfpg ;xfotf u¥of] . clxn] cd]l/sfdf Ps JolStn] Ps jif{df cf};t %* Uofng kfgL lkpF5g\ . To;sf] t'ngfdf cf};t $$ Uofngdfq ;f]8f lkpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;f]8f lkpg]df !& k|ltzt sdL cfPsf] 5 / kfgL lkpg]df #* k|ltzt a9f]Q/L ePsf] 5 . af]tnsf] kfgL lkpg]sf] ;+Vof klg jif]{lg a9\bf] 5 . clxn] cd]l/sfdf Ps JolStn] Ps jif{df cf};t @! Uofng af]tnsf] kfgL lkpF5g\ eg] #& Uofng cGo ;|f]tsf] .
slt kfgL lkpg] xfd|f] z/L/sf] s"n tf}nsf] ^) k|ltzt kfgL x'G5 . kfgLn] z/L/sf w]/} sfddf d2t u5{ . pd]/, sfd, zf/Ll/s cj:yf, df};d cflbn] n n
cd]l/sfdf Ps JolStn] Ps jif{df cf};t %* Uofng kfgL lkpF5 . ;f]8f a]Rbf hlt gfkmf x'G5, kfgL a]Rbf x'Fb}g . n n
kfgL lkpg]df km/s kf5{ . kfgL lkpg @ k|rlnt l;kmfl/z -b'O{dWo] Ps dfGg' /fd|f]_ 5g\M à cf7 cf}G; c6\g] lunf;n] lbgx'F cf7 lunf; kfgL lkpg'k5{ elgPsf] 5, jf à k'?ifn] !# sk / dlxnfn] ( sk kfgL lkpg'k5{. Pp6f ;fdfGo hfgsf/L– cfkm"nfO{ ltvf{ gnfuf];\ / lk;fa kx]+nf] gxf];\ . To:tf] cj:yf /xg kfgL lkpg'k5{ .
kof{Kt kfgLsf kmfObfx¿ d[uf}nf ;kmf u5{, z/L/df ePsf ljiffSt tÎj kvfN5, 5fnf :j:y /fV5, xf8–hf]gL{df 3;|g] Ifdtf sfod /fV5, sfg, cfFvf / 3fF6LnfO{ :j:y /fV5, …sf]ifÚ df kf]if0f k'¥ofpF5, z/L/sf] tfk ;fdfGo /fV5, slAhot x'g lb+b}g, d'v uGxfpFb}g cflb . af]tn xf];\ jf wf/fsf] lkpg x'g] kfgL lkpg'k5{ . t/ slt dflg; wf/fsf] lkpF5g\ / slt af]tnsf] eGg] 7\ofSs eGg ;lsb}+g . t/ af]tnsf] kfgLn] lj:tf/} ;f]8fnfO{ pl5Gg] cg'dfg klg 5 . n n
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Sofg8fn] cfufdL b'O{ jif{{leq yk Ps xhf/ e"6fgL z/0ffyL{nfO{ cfˆgf] d'n'sdf k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . Sofg8fn] ;g\ @))& d] dlxgfdf % jif{leq % xhf/ e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ n}hfg] 3f]if0ff u¥of] . ;g\ @)!@ h'g;Dd % xhf/ leœofof] . z'?df eg]sf] / clxn] Ps xhf/ n}hfFbf Sofg8fdf s"n ^ xhf/ % ;o x'g'x'g]5 . sl/a ! nfv * xhf/ e'6fgL z/0ffyL{dWo] &% xhf/
eGbf a9Lsf] k'g:yf{kgf eO;s]sf] 5 . af“sL $! xhf/dWo] #! xhf/ # ;on] k'gjf{; /f]Hg'ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sfdf ^% xhf/ s6\of] ;g\ @)!# dfr{ clGtd;Dd cd]l/sfn] dfq ^% xhf/ $ ;o $( nfO{ k'gjf{; u/fPsf] 5.
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z/0ffyL{ lzlj/sf] syfdf k|sfz cfª\b]Da]n] Ps rnlrq lgb]{zg ug'{ePsf] 5 . …b]z vf]Hb} hf“bfÚ gfds pSt rnlrq 5fof+sg ug{ Ps dlxgf / g]kfnL ?k}ofF $) nfv vr{ ePsf] 5 . nfOg qm; d"leh (Line Cross Movies) sf] k|:t'lt tyf uGtJo lyP6/ g]kfn, Okmsf OG6/g];gn kmfpG8];g e"6fg (IFACAINS International Foundation) sf] ;xof]udf
lgld{t rnlrqsf lgdf{tf jL/]Gb| If]qL x'g'x'G5 . cfufdL ^ dlxgfdf k|bz{g ul/g] sl/a
! 306f $% ldg]6 nfdf] rnlrqdf uLt 5}g . snfsf/x¿M • afa' af]u6L • x]dGt a'9fyf]sL • c¿0ff sfsL{ • ;/Ltf cf]nL • dLgf sf]O/fnf • PnkL hf]zL • s]zj cfrfo{ • lzjzª\s/ yfkf • wgs'6] sfG5f • /fds'df/ rflDnª • 6ª\s ljsNk nufot lzlj/ / aflx/sf snfsf/sf] clego 5 .
/fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;L (Washington, D.C.) If]qdf uf8L u'8fpg]sf] s]xL 3G6f ;do ;8s–hfddf laT5 . o; If]qdf hfg' 5 eg] sl/a b'O{ 3G6f kmfNt' ;do lnP/ hfg'df enf] x'g] Ps cWoog atfpF5 . ;g\ @)!! df ul/Psf] cWoog eG5, …cd]l/sLx?n] o; jif{ % ca{ %) s/f]8 3G6f ;do ;8sdf latfP . jfl;+u6g l8;L If]qsf] ofqf ubf{ Ps jif{df ^& 3G6f ;8sdf latfpF5 / #@ Uofng t]n gfz u5{ .Ú w]/} hfd x'g] zx/df t #* b]lv (% ldg]6 ;8sd} lat]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . of] ;d:ofn] ubf{ 8fn; (Dallas) / ;fg l8ofuf] (San Diego) df *) ldg]6 / %* ldg]6 kmfNt' ;do /fv]/ lx+8\bf dfq a]nfdf k'lug] b]lvPsf] 5 . jfl;+u6g l8;L rf}yf] jif{ nuftf/ ;8s–hfddf klxnf] ePsf] 5 . l8;Lkl5 n; PGhn; (Los Angeles), ;fg k|mflG;:sf] (San Francisco) / Go'of]s{ (New York) k5{g\ . ;g\ @)!! df ;8s hfd k/]/ 6«sx? sf/0f @& ca{ 8n/ Iflt ePsf] kfOof] . hfddf dflg;sf] ;dosf cltl/St @ ca{ () s/f]8 Uofng t]n gfz eof] . of] hfdn] s"n ! ;o @! ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ gf]S;fg klg u¥of] . of] cWoog 6«flkms l/kf]l6{ª ;le{; -cfOPgcf/cfOPS;_, oftfoft ljefusf tYof+saf6 tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
@)!# clk|n, jif{ # c+s $^
Sofg8fn] yk Ps xhf/ z/0ffyL{ Nofpg]
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cd]l/sfsf w]/}h;f] /fHodf uf8Lsf] gDa/ Kn]6df a9Ldf j6f cIf/ jf c+s jf cIf/ / c+s x'G5 . h:tf]M s'g} /fHodf 1234567 x'g ;S5 eg] s'g}df AH12PB5 x'g ;S5 . s'g} s'g} /fHodf oL c+s / cIf/sf] cy{ klg nfUg ;S5 . a9Ldf j6f cIf/÷c+s geP/ Tof]eGbf sd klg x'g ;S5 . t/ a9L x'Fb}g .
usatoday.com
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u|fpG8xun] df};dsf] eljiojf0fL u5{ eGg] ljifodf kqklqsfn] ;d]t ;dfrf/ agfp“5g\ . of] ‘o'P;P 6'8]’ b}lgsn] agfPsf] ;dfrf/ xf] .
• c+u|]hLaf6 g]kfnL !@ xhf/ zAbsf] cy{ / g]kfnLaf6 c+u|]hL !% xhf/ zAbsf] cy{ ePsf] . • %)$ k[i7sf] . • d"No !^ 8n/ .
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http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf Order Books df lSns ug'{xf];\ . ToxfF qm]l86÷ 8]la6–sf8{ jf r]sdfkm{t lstfa kfpg] tl/sf pNn]v 5 .
To;n] cfˆgf] 5fof b]V5, kms]{/ b'nf]d} k:5 . To;f] ug'{sf] cy{ To; jif{sf] hf8f] (Winter) 5 xKtf nlDaG5 . o; lbg u|fpG8xu s;/L b'nf] af6 lg:sG5 x]g]{sf] eL8 nfU5 . of] kj{ h:t} x'G5 . ;g\ @))# df u|fpG8xu 8] (Groundhog Day) gfdsf] rnlrq ag]kl5 of] lbj; cem rlr{t ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf] cg'dfgdf j}1flgsx? eg] ts{ klg ul//xG5g\ .
cd]l/sf–Sofg8fsf] ;Ldfdf kg]{ s]xL efunfO{ u|]6 n]s;\ (Great Lakes) elgG5 . cfGw| dxf;fu/ hf]8\g] of] If]qdf ljZjs} @! k|ltzt ;kmf kfgLsf] ;|f]t 5 . of] If]q ($ xhf/ @ ;o %) ju{ dfOn -@@ xhf/ ^ ;o &! ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 .
7fpFdf o:tf vf8nx? aG5g\ jf crfgs aGg ;S5g\ . tn vfnL x'Fb} uPsf] ta yfxf x'G5, ha PSsf;L vf8n aG5 . ˆnf]l/8f;lxt 6]S;;,
cnfafdf, ldhf]/L, s]G6sL, 6]Gg;L / k]G;neflgof /fHox?df cd]l/sfsf @) k|ltzt ;+j]bglzn l;ª\sxf]n 5g\ .
Great Lakes
l;ª\sxf]n ;g\ @)!# dfr{sf] z'?df Pp6f ;dfrf/ cfof] . ˆnf]l/8f /fHodf ;'t]s} cj:yfdf Ps hgfnfO{ vf8nn] lgNof] . o:tf] vf8nnfO{ …l;ª\sxf]nÚ elgG5 . e"–ue{ / e"–agf]6;DaGwL cWoog ug]{ ;+:yf o'P; lhof]– nlhsn ;e]{ (U.S. Geological Survey; USGS) cg';f/ hldgd'lgsf j:t'x? kfgLdf 3'Ng] vfnsf 5g\ eg] Tof]
usgs.gov
c+u|]hL–g]kfnL, g]kfnL–c+u|]hL l8S;g/L
u|fpG8xu (Groundhog) gfds hLj cd]l/sfdf kfOG5 . yf]/} nf]vs]{ h:tf] / yf]/} d';fh:tf] bfFtn] s6\ofss'6's vfg] of] hLjsf nflu km]a|'c/L @ df u|fpG8xu 8] -lbj;_ dgfOG5 . cd]l/sL nf]ssygcg';f/ of] lbj; dgfpg] lbg b'nf]af6 u|fpG8xu lg:sFbf afbn nfu]sf] lbg k¥of] eg] To; jif{sf] hf8f] rfF8} ;lsG5 / z/b Ct' (Spring) rfF8f] z'? x'G5 . 3fd nfu]sf] 5 eg]
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gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf] k':tsaf6 cd]l/sfsf] Oltxf;af/] k|Zg–pQ/ M ut jif{ h:t} eof] eg] of] != cfgf] a:tL a;fpg rfxg] -pklgj]zjfbL_ x¿ cd]l/sf cfpgfsf] udL{df ˆnf]l/8fdf 7"nf vfn] Ps sf/0f s] xf] < (What is one reason colonists came to nfdv' §]n] ;tfpg ;S5g\ . America?) lne;fOG; (LiveScience) sf] - • :jtGqtf (freedom) • /fhgLlts :jtGqtf (political liberty) Ps l/kf]6{cg';f/ Uoflnlgk/ • wfld{s :jtGqtf (religious freedom) (Gallinipper) gfdsf] nfdv'§] • cfly{s cj;/ (economic opportunity) a9\g] b]lvG5 . of] cln nfdf • cfˆgf] wd{sf] ;fwgfsf nflu (practice their religion) e'Tnf ePsf] ;fdfGo nfdv'§] • pTkL8gaf6 aRg (escape persecution) eGbf lgs} -@) u'0ff_ 7"nf] x'G5 . o;sf] 6f]sfO ;fgf]– ;g\ !^)) / ;g\ !&)) sf jif{x?df cfˆgf] a:tL a;fpg ltgf] rSs'n] rf]6 k'¥ofPem} rfxg]x? a]nfot / c? o'/f]k]nL d'n'saf6 cfGw|dxf;fu/ x'G5 . nfdv'§] wkfpg 5s{g] kf/ u/]/ cd]l/sf cfP . pgLx? wfld{s :jtGqtfsf nflu oxfF cfP . pgLx?dWo] sf]xL /fhgLlts :jtGqtf klg rfxGy] . /;fog o;sf nflu Tolt k|efjsf/L gx'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . s;}nfO{ cfly{s :jtGqtfsf] vfFrf] lyof] . To:tf :jtGqtf v';Lsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] of] pgLx?n] cfˆgf] e"dLdf kfPsf lyPgg\ . hft nfdv'§]n] s'g} /f]u eg] clxn] klg cd]l/sf cfpg] w]/} dflg;x? o:t} :jtGqtfsf NofPsf] kQf nfu]sf] 5}g . nflu cfpF5g\ .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -14_ :yfoL afl;Gbf / gful/ssf] cGt/ hfGg h?/L ;Dkfbs Ho", s]xL g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgL lax] ug{ g]kfn hfg'x'G5 / lax]–btf{ ug{ g]kfnsf] :yfgLo ;/sf/L sfof{nodf hfFbf cfkm"nfO{ cd]l/sL gful/s x'F eGg'x'G5 . t/ pxfFx? cem} :yfoL afl;Gbf -lu|gsf8{ ePsf]_ x'g'x'G5 . w]/} k6s d}n] g]kfn kq k7fP/ a'emfpg] sf]lzz u/]sL 5' . kqsf ;fydf pxfFx?sf cfjZos JolStut hfgsf/L k7fpg] u/]sL 5' . clxn] cfkm" gful/s x'F eGbf kl5 gful/stf lng] a]nfdf cK7\of/f] kg{ ;S5 eg]/ a'emf}+ .
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf] rf}wf}+ ;"rL -efu !$_
• bad : v/fa, ghftL, gc;n, g/fd|f], 3l6of, glgsf], cultnf], a]xfn, lau|]sf], vfg jf k|of]u ug{ gldNg] . • badly : g/fd|f] tl/sfn] . • bad-tempered : l/;, cw}o{, c;lxi0f' . • bag : emf]nf, y}nf] . • baggage : ef/L, u'06f–ef/L, dfn, dfntfn, nfb, l´6L, kf]sf]– kGt/f] . • bake : ksfpg', cf]yfpg', u'D;fpg', e:of{pg', v/f] kfg'{ . • balance : t/fh', t'nf, ;Gt'ng, sFf6f, afFsL, df}Hbft, aSof}tf, lgrf]8, tf}ng', a/fa/ n'O{ k]/fN6f ug'{, ;Gt'ngdf /fVg' . /]ˆo'hL s]; Dofg]h/ • ball : es'08f], an, uf]nL, 8fol;h ckm k|f]le8]G;, uf]nf, 8Nnf], kf]sf .
k|f]le8]G;, /f]8 cfONofG8 )@()#
• balloon :
£ofDkf], u'Aaf/f, Aofng, k'mNg' . • ballot : dt, u'Ktdt, dtkq, dt lbg' . • ban : lgif]w, /f]s, k|lt/f]w, /f]Sg', /f]s nufpg', lglif4 ug'{ aGb ug'{, lgif]w ug'{ . • band : k§L, k]6L, bn, ;d'bfo, aGwg, ;+uLt 6f]nL, s]zaGwg, l/ag, jfbs d08nL, 6f]nL, AofG8, k~r}afhf, 6f]nL agfpg', bnaGbL ug'{ . • bandage : AofG8]h, k§L, aGwg . • bank : a}+s, wgfuf/, sf]if, au/, au¥ofg, u8tL/, 3f6, l;y, t]hf/y, b|Josf]if, cfnL, w/, lsgf/f, l8n . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ s/sf nflu s/s/ clk|n nflu;Sbf r6f/f] x'G5 . cem clk|nsf] !% tfl/v glhls+bf emg} xtf; dx;'; x'G5 . s'/f c¿ s] x'GYof] < ;/sf/nfO{ ltg'{kg]{ s/ -6\ofS;_ sf] xf] . o;k6s clk|n !% ;f]daf/ k/]sfn] s'g} c? sf/0fn] s/ km:of}{6sf nflu ;do km]/abn ePsf] 5}g . s/sf] /sd /fli6«o C0f ltg{, /fi6«/Iffdf vr{ ug{ / cfjZostfdf pkof]u ul/G5 . s/ km:of}{6 ug]{ avt Psbd glhs cfPsf] 5 . clGtd ;do cfpg'eGbf klxnf of] sfd ;sf}+ . wGojfb
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, Website : www.aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya