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eg]sf] …cd]l/sL ;kgfÚ k"/f x'g' xf] elgG5 . t/ 3/ lsGbf cfkm"n] lgs} tof/L / ;f]rljrf/ ug'{k5{ . o:t} k|;+udf 3/;DaGwL cWoog– cg';Gwfg u/]sf ;+:yfx?n] lbPsf ;'emfj o;k6ssf] cIfl/sfdf k|:t't 5 . d'Vo t 3/ lsGg'cl3 cfˆgf] cfly{s– Ifdtfaf/] :ki6 x'g'k5{ . To;nufot o:tf a'Fbf Vofn ug{ cfjZos 5M 3/ lalqmsf] hfgsf/L 3/ lalqmdf ePsf] s;/L yfxf kfpg] < à lalqmsf] 3/sf] hfgsf/L kqklqsfdf 5flkPsf] x'G5 . à 5/l5d]s jf cfkm" lx+8\g] af6f]df klg a]Rg] 3/sf] ;"rgf /flvPsf] x'g;S5 . rfF8f] a]Rg] eP, glsg] /fd|f] …Ps df3n] hf8f] hfFb}gÚ eg]em}+ Pp6} 3/df hLjg laT5
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eGg ;lsGg . lsg]sf] 3/df yf]/} ;do dfq al;G5 eg] glsg] /fd|f] . vl/b / lalqmsf] k|lqmofdf nfUg] vr{n] tkfO{+sf] 8f9 ;]S5 . 3/sf] efp a9]s} cj:yf eP klg 3f6f a]xf]g'{k5{ . emg efp 36\bf] cj:yf eP t 3f6fsf] vf8n ulx/f] x'G5 . lzIffnfO{ Wofg lbcf}+ cfˆgf gfgL :s"n hfg] pd]/sf 5}gg eg] klg /fd|f] :s"n ePsf If]qdf 3/
lsGg] ;Nnfx lbOPsf] 5 . a]Rg'kbf{ efp /fd|f] kfP/ a]Rg ;lhnf] x'G5 . Jofj;flosx¿sf] ;Nnfx 3/ vl/bdf OG6/g]6n] w]/} ;xfotf u5{ . t/ vl/bstf{n] Jofj;flos JolStx?sf] ;xfotf lng' /fd|f] x'G5 . 3/ lsGg ;xfotf ug]{ Ph]G6n] tkfO{+sf] vNtL / cfjZostfsf] d]n u/fpg ;S5g\ . k|fljlwsx?n] c? ;xfotf ug{ ;S5g\ . 3f6L x]l/ xfF8 lgNg' à 3/sf] C0fnfO{ c+u|]hLdf df]u{]h (Mortgage) elgG5 . 3/C0f slt ltg{ ;Sg'x'G5 < tkfO{sf] dlxgfsf] vr{ -ladf, cfos/, kfgL– lah'nL cflbsf] vr{, dd{t vr{ cflb_ slt x'G5 < C0f w]/} jif{;Dd ltg'{kg]{ ePsfn] ;w}+ cfˆgf] cfDbfgL Psgfz /xG5÷/xFb}g ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'
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hUuf;DaGwL ljZn]ifs ;+:yfsf cg';f/ ;g\ @)!# ;]K6]Da/df 3/sf] d"No Ps jif{cl3 eGbf cf};t !@ k|ltzt a9\of] . t/ klg ;g\ @))^ sf] pRr d"NoeGbf !&=$ k|ltzt sd g} xf] . o;/L w]/} d"No a9]sf !) /fHo / j[l4M != g]ef8f ============== @%=# % @= Soflnkmf]lg{of === @@=% % #= Pl/hf]gf =========== !$=^ % $= hlh{of ============= !$=$ % %= ldl;ug ============ !#=( % ^= cf]/]ug ============= !#=^ % &= cfO8fxf] =========== !$=$ % *= ˆnf]l/8f =========== !@=! % (= jfl;+u6g ============ !@ % !)= o'6f =============== !!=( %
/fd|f] agfPsf] eP ;lhnf] x'G5 . 3/C0f s'g ;+:yfaf6 ln+bf ;:tf] k5{ < lgs} /fd|f] cWoog ug'{xf];\ . 3/ lsGg' s]xL dlxgfcl3 cfˆgf] qm]l86 lx:6«L x]g'{xf];\ . s]xL q'l6 eP / ;Rofpg ;lsG5 eg] ;Rofpg'xf];\ . à 3/ vl/b–lalqm ug]{ Jofj;flos ;+:yfnfO{ l/on :6]6 elgG5 . o:tf ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Ln] lalqmdf ePsf] 3/;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ ug{ d2t u5{g\ . s'g l/on :6]6 /fd|f] 5 < To;;Fu sfd ;lhnf] x'G5 < eGg] rflxF ;fyLx?, cfkm";Fu} sfd ug]{ ;xsdL{nfO{ ;f]Wg ;lsG5 jf l/on :6]6sf sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsG5 . l/on :6]6sf dflg;nfO{ 3/ lsGg] hfgsf/L lbg'cl3 OG6/g]6df a'em\g ;lsG5 . 3/ lgl/Ifs rflxG5 3/ lsGg] k|lqmofdf a}+sn] cfˆgf k|fljlws NofpF5g\ . of] pgLx?sf] sfd xf] . cfkm"n] klg To; If]qsf 3/ ;j]{If0fsf sfd ug]{ 3/ lgl/Ifs, d'ntM OlGhlgo/nfO{ 3/lgl/If0fsf] sfd lbg'xf];\ . pgn] tkfO{+nfO{ 3/sf sdL– sdhf]/L cf}+NofpF5g\ / dd{t– vr{af/] cg'dfg u5{g\ . dd{t s;n] ug]{ lgwf] ug'{xf];\ . tkfO{n] ug'{ kg]{ eP 3/sf] d"Nodf slt 36fpg ;lsG5 . 3/ a]Rg]n] ug]{ xf] eg] tkfO{n] dd{tsf] slt k|ltzt ltg]{ klxn] g} lgwf] ug'{xf];\ . à cfkm"n] 3/nfO{ xfNg] df]n ;'gfpg'xf];\ . 36\g;Sg] jf ldNg;Sg] cj:yf x'g;S5 . cfˆgf] Ifdtfsf] dfq lsGg'xf];\ . à 3/C0f lbg]n] tkfO{+ gofF dflg; xf] eGg] hfg]/ C0fsf] Aofhb/ a9L lng
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a]Rg]sf] ahf/ rDSof] . ! nfv %^ xhf/ j6f o:tf 3/ lsg]/ dd{t u/L a]Rg]n] Pp6f 3/df cf};t %* xhf/ 8n/;Dd gfkmf sdfP . o:tf] Joj;fo jfl;+u6g, Go'of]s{, Go'h;L{, d]l/NofG8, Soflnkmf]lg{of, Dof;fr';]6\;df a9L eof] . ;S5g\ . o:tf] hfn;femLaf6 aRg http://www.hud.gov df …3/Ú af/] hfgsf/L lng'xf];\ . à eljtJo÷ljklQsf] Ifltk"lt{ kfpg tkfO{n] 3/wgL ladf ug'{k5{ . ;DklQ s/ ltg'{k5{ . l/on :6]6sf jlsnn] 3/C0f / ladf;DaGwL sfddf d2t u5{g\ . 3/ lsGbf eg'{kg]{ ljleGg kmf/d eg{ ;xofu u5{g\ . l/on :6]6sf sd{rf/LnfO{ tkfO{+n] z'Ns glbP x'G5 t/ jlsn– nfO{ lbg'k5{ . 3/C0f kfpg / sfg'gL sfuhx? tof/ kfg{ 3/ lsGg]n] z'Ns ltg'{k5{ . o:tf z'NsnfO{ …Snf]lhª s:6Ú elgG5 . tkfO{nfO{ 3/ lsGg] sfuhdf x:tfIf/ ug'{cl3 slt z'Ns ltg'{k5{ eGg] hfgsf/L l/on :6]6sf sd{rf/Ln] jf 3/C0f pknAw u/fpg] ;+:yfaf6 hfgsf/L lbOG5 . 3/ vl/bdf s"n d"Nosf] sl/a @) k|ltzt -Psbd sd x'Fbf # k|ltzt;Dd x'G5_ r'Qmf ul/G5 eg] # b]lv % xhf/ …Snf]lhª s:6Ú df vr{ x'g;S5 . à 3/sf tof/L sfuhftdf ;lx -x:tfIf/_ ug'{cl3 ;a} sfuhft /fd|/L k9\g'xf];\ . à 3/df ;g'{cl3 ug]{ tof/L sf]7f ;/]h:t} x'g\ . o;/L x'G5, cd]l/sg l8«d ;fsf/ .
c+u|]hL–g]kfnL, g]kfnL–c+u|]hL l8S;g/L
• c+u|]hLaf6 g]kfnL !@ xhf/ zAbsf] cy{ / g]kfnLaf6 c+u|]hL !% xhf/ zAbsf] cy{ ePsf] . • %)$ k[i7sf] . • d"No !^ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf Order Books df lSns ug'{xf];\ . ToxfF qm]l86÷ 8]la6–sf8{ jf r]sdfkm{t lstfa kfpg] tl/sf pNn]v 5 .
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cd]l/sfdf a;f]af; -;xof]uL k':ts_ ca l;Q}df
1fgHof]lt s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt cd]l/sfdf
a;f]af; -;xof]uL k':ts_ s]xL ;dob]lv cIfl/sfsf kf7snfO{ lgMz'Ns k|bfg ul/b}+ cfPsf] 5 . of] k':ts kfpg tnsf] kmf/ddf cfˆgf] ljj/0f eg'{xf];\ . To;kl5 Gyan Jyoti Kendra sf] -tn lbOPsf]_ 7]ufgfdf x'nfsaf6 k7fpg' xf];\ . h;n] klxnf kq k7fpg'x'G5, k':ts pknAw eP;Dd cd]l/sfleq a;f]af; ug]{ Ps kl/jf/nfO{ Pp6f k':ts k|bfg ul/g]5 . k':ts x'nfsaf6 k7fOg]5 .
cd]l/sg x6{ dGy
-cd]l/sL d'6' dlxgf_
d cd]l/sg x6{ dGy
tkfO{+sf] gfd (Name) 7]ufgf (Address) zx/ (City) /fHo (State) lhk sf]8 (ZIP Code)
(American Heart Month)
x'F . d x6{ -d'6'_ af/] r]tgf hufpg] dlxgf x'F. o;nfO{ jif{sf] bf];|f] dlxgf -km]a'c | /L_ e/ dgfOG5 . nnn
kmf/d k"/f el/P dfq lstfa k7fpg ;lhnf] x'G5 kmf/d e/]/ k7fpg] xfd|f] 7]ufgf M Gyan Jyoti Kendra 49 Lane Road Chichester, NH 03258
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C0fsf] xb
(debt ceiling/ debt limit) xfdL ;dfrf/x?df af/Daf/ …8]A6 l;lnª÷8]A6 lnld6Ú
of] dlxgf x[bo tyf /StgnL;DaGwL ;d:of / To;sf] lgbfgdf Wofg– s]lGb|t ug{ dgfOG5 .
(debt
ceiling or debt limit) eGg]
;'lgG5 . of] eg]sf] cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] /fli6«o C0fnfO{ Pp6f ;Ldfdf afFWg] ;/sf/L ;+oGq xf] . cd]l/sfsf] ;/sf/nfO{ s]xL jif{otf C0f nfu]sf] 5 . of] C0f a9\b} uPsf] klg 5 . C0f a9\bf slt;Dd hfg] eGg]af/] ;+;b\, ;/sf/ cflbdf o;sf] ax; x'G5 . cd]l/sL Oltxf;df of] gf}nf] ljifo xf]Og . ;g\ !(!& cl3 o:tf] C0f lyPg . cd]l/sL ;/sf/nfO{ ;o v/aeGbf a9L cd]l/sL 8n/ C0f nfu]sf] 5 .
dlxnf / k'?if b'j}nfO{ d'6'sf] ;d:of x'G5 . cd]l/sfdf k|To]s @% ;]s]G8df PshgfnfO{ d'6'df cfpg] cfktsflng ;d:ofn] ;tfpF5 . nnn
o:tf ;d:ofaf6 6f9f /xg vfglkg, w"dkfg, Jofofd h:tf ljifodf Wofg lbg cfjZos 5 . nnn
/fi6«klt lbj; (Presidents’ Day) hgj/L cGTo;Dd o; jif{ km]a|'c/L !& df /fi6«klt lbj;
(Presidents’ Day) k/]sf] 5 . of] ;+3Lo labfsf] lbg xf] . cd]l/sfsf] klxnf] /fi6«klt hh{ jfl;+u6g (George Washington) sf] ;Ddfgdf dgfOg] of] lbj; ©]a|'c/Lsf] t];|f] ;f]daf/ k5{ . w]/} ;d"xn] o; lbg ljutsf ;a} /fi6«kltsf] of]ubfgnfO{ ;+:d/0f u5{g\ . o; lbg x'nfs, :s"n, a}+snufot w]/}h;f] ;/sf/L sfof{nox? aGb x'G5g\ . jfl;+u6gsf] hGd ©]a|'c/L @@ df eP klg labf ;dfof]hg ubf{ of] t];|f] ;f]daf/ to ul/Psf] xf] .
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;g\ @)!$ hgj/L cGTo;Dd cd]l/sfdf &# xhf/ # ;o & e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!# cS6f]a/df z'? ePsf] gofF cfly{s jif{df @ xhf/ ( ;o ^( k'g:yf{lkt x'g'eof] .
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gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf] lstfasf] k|Zg &$ / pQ/M à u[xo'4 x'g'sf] Ps sf/0f atfpg'xf];\ . (Name one problem that led to the Civil War.) – bf;k|yf (slavery)
– cfly{s sf/0f (economic reasons)
– /fHox¿sf] clwsf/ (states’ rights)
••
s'g} Pp6f atfP x'G5 .
••
‘u[xo'4’ sf af/]df w]/}h;f] hfgsf/L cl3Nnf] c+sdf n]lvPsf] 5 . pSt c+sdf 5'6]sf s]xL a'Fbfx? o;k6sM blIf0fsf !! /fHonfO{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/n] cfˆgf lg0f{ox?dfly x:tIf]k u5{ eGg] 8/ lyof] . pgLx? cfˆgf lg0f{o / /fli6«o ;/sf/sf lg0f{o ljjflbt gx'g eGg] lyof] . /fli6«o ;/sf/nfO{ g} dfGg'k5{ eGg]df pgLx? lyPgg\ . pQ/ / blIf0fsf /fHox?sf] cfly{s k|0ffnL km/s lyof] . blIf0f s[lifdf cfwfl/t lyof], hf] bf;bf;Ldfly lge{/ lyof] . bf;bf;L cGTo unf{g\ eGg] t 8/ lyof] . o;n] pgLx?sf] cfly{s cj:yf lunf{ eGg] eof] . pQ/sf /fHox?df pBf]u– wGbf lyof] . pQ/sf /fHox? b]z 6'lqmg glbg kIfdf lyP . blIf0fnfO{ 5'l§P/ hfg glbg rfxGy] . pQ/sf w]/} dflg; blIf0fsf] bf;k|yf cGTosf] kIfdf lyP .
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u[xo'4sf] sf/0f
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -24_ c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf zAbsf] rf}aL;f}+ ;"rL -efu @$_ • breast :
gfd– jIf:yn, 5ftL, y"g, :tg, a'a', vf]lsnf, cGt:s/0f . lqmof– ;fdgf ug'{ . • breath :
gfd– bd, w'sw'sL, Zjf;, ;f;, xfjf . • breathe :
lqmof– ;f; km]g'{, pRrf/0f ug'{, JoSt ug'{, lng', cleJoSt ug',{ sfgfsfgf s"/{ . • breed :
gfd– j+z, s'n, hflt, g:n . lqmof– kfNg', kf]:g', a9fpg', ;+j4{g ug'{, ld;fpg' . • breeze :
gfd– ;dL/, l;/]6f], :ofF7, x'/L, atf;, aofn', dGb jfo' . • brick :
gfd– O{+6, kfs]sf] O{+6 . • bridge :
gfd– k'n, ;fFu', ;]t', a|Lh . lqmof– k'n afFWg', hf]g'{ . • brief :
gfd– 5f]6f], ;+If]k, 5f]6s/L, cNksfnLg, 5f]6f] ;dosf] . • briefly :
gfd– ;+If]kdf, 5f]6s/Ldf . • bright :
gfd– pHHjn, pHofnf], bLKt, rxlsnf] . • brilliant :
gfd– k|ltefzfnL, rDsLnf], b]bLKodfg, emNn, hudu, eJo, emndNn, lemlnldln, e8\lsnf], rdsbf/ . • bring :
gfd– Nofpg' . • British :
gfd– a]]nfotL, la|l6z, la|6]gjf;L . • broad :
gfd– Jofks, km/flsnf], rf}8f,
df]6fdf]6L, lj:t[t, k'ms]sf] . • broadcast :
gfd– k|;fl/t, k|;f/, k|;f/0f . lqmof– k|;f/0f ug'{, 5g'{ . • brother :
gfd– bfh', efO . • brown :
gfd– v}/f], s}nf], 3';|f], u]?jf . lqmof– lkN5fpg' -3fdn] jf ;d'b|sf] kfgLn]_, 89g', v/f] kfg'{, v+ufg'{, vl/g', v}/f] ug'{ . • brush :
gfd– s"rL, a'?;, u'lnsf, yfFqmf] . lqmof– a'?; nfpg', ;kmf ug'{ . • bubble :
gfd– kmf]sf], kfgLkmf]sf], If0fe+u'/ . lqmof– kmf]sf] p7g', plDng' . • budget :
gfd– cfo Joo, cg'dflgt cfo Joo, b/aGbL, ah]6 . lqmof– 7]Sg' . • buffalo :
gfd– e}+;L, e}+;f], /fFuf], y'd], cgf{, kf8f], yf]/], 7]6\gf], yf/f] . • build :
gfd– hLp8fn, bf/, sfF6, 5f8g, u7g, agf]6, agfj6 . lqmof– agfpg', lgdf{0f ug'{, /rgf ug'{ . • building :
gfd– 3/, ejg, lgdf{0f, ;+/rgf . • bullet :
gfd– uf]nL -aGb'ssf]_ . • bunch :
gfd– u'R5f, em'Qf], em'G8, em'Kkf, yF'uf] . lqmof– y'k|g', em'lDdg' . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ cd]l/sg l8«d====== 3/, cfˆgf] 3/ . Psn kl/jf/ 3/, 6«]n/ xf]d\;, ckf6{d]G6, :6'l8of] ckf6{d]G6 cflb h] eP klg 3/ . cd]l/sfdf cfˆgf] 3/ . cd]l/sL ;kgfsf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ v'8\lsnf] . s]xL hfGg', sfd ug'{, sdfpg' / 3/ lsGg' nfdf] 5, af6f] . t/ ;+efjgf 5 . 3/ lsGg] lg0f{okl5sf k|lqmofx¿ klg ;lhnf dflgb}+gg\ . k"/} k|lqmof g n]v]/ ;lsG5 g hfg]/ g} . …cIfl/sfÚ sf] of] k|of;n] 3/–vl/b k|lqmofsf] af6f] vf]lnlbG5 eGg] cfzf;lxt . wGojfb
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/ Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya