@)!% gf]e]Da/ jif{ ^ c+s &&
gful/stf lng] k/LIffsf] k|Zg g+= $& sf] gofF hjfkm
USCIS.gov
gofF ;efd'vsf] rog, kn /fogdfly lhDd]jf/L
o; c+sdf s] s] <
à
lnFbf lbg'kg]{ k/LIffsf] tof/L k':tssf] k|Zg g+= $& (What is inside ?) sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] 5 . k|Zg g+= $&=================================! k|ltlglw–;efnfO{ c+u|]hLdf (Question number 47) xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\
à gful/s k/LIffsf] c+u|]hL #=======# (English section of Civic Test 3)
(House of Representatives)
elgG5 . o;sf cWoIf jf ;efd'v ablng'ePsfn] pSt (Organs of male reprod. system) rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb $%==========$ k|Zgsf] hjfkm ablnPsf] xf] . of] k|Zg o:tf] 5M (Most common Eng. words 45)
à dlxnf k|hgg c+u=====================$ à
cd]l/sfsf] gful/stf
k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf $&= k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\_ sf cWoIf jf ;efd'vsf] gfd s] xf] < à kn 8L= /fog à -kn_ /fog xfnsf k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\_ sf cWoIf jf ;efd'v kn 8L= /fog x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] lj:sfG;g /fHosf] klxnf] s+u|];gn
l8l:6«S6sf tkm{ af6 ;g\ !((( b]lv xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\df k|ltlglwTj ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . cWoIf jf ;efd'vsf ¿kdf xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\df ;efkltsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'x'G5 / pxfFn] ;bgdf ax'dt /x]sf] /fhgLlts bn l/klAnsg kf6L{sf] g]Q[Tj ug{'x'G5 . al/otfsf qmd x]bf{ /fi6«klt
@
http://paulryan.house.gov/biography/ and uscis.gov
@)!% gf]e]Da/, jif{ ^ c+s &&
kn l8= /fog ÷ kn /fog / pk/fi6«kltkl5 cWoIf jf ;efd'v cfpF5, o;sf] cy{ olb /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt b'j} kbdf g/xg] cj:yf cfPdf ;efd'vn] /fi6«kltsf] sfd ;DxfNg'x'G5 .
k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf
knsf] kl/ro knsf] hGd ;g\ !(&) hgj/L @( df ePsf] xf] . pxfFsf] k"/f gfd kn 8]le; /fog (Paul Davis Ryan) xf] . pxfF xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6esf %$ cf}+ cWoIf jf ;efd'v x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] ;efd'vsf] kb ;g\ @)!% cS6f]a/ @( df ;DxfNg' ePsf] xf] .
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? gful/stf kl/Iffsf nflu dent) kbsf] axfnL, ;/sf/ - Paul D. Ryan åf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf ++ tof/L kfl/Psf] k':tssf] k|wfgGofofwLzsf] lgo'lSt, - (Paul) Ryan cGTodf l6Kk0fLsf ?kdf elgPsf] 5, …o; lstfadf k|wfgGofofwLz;Fu} The current speaker of ePsf hfgsf/Lx¿ r'gfj tyf ;jf]{Rrsf GofofwLzx?sf] the House of Representakb axfnLx?sf sf/0f km]l/g ;+Vof, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf tives is Paul D. Ryan. He has ;S5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fHo tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt l;g]6/ represented Wisconsin’s First gful/stf tyf cWofudg (senator) tyf k|ltlglw–;ef Congressional District in the ;b:o, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf House of Representatives since ljefu (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; USCIS) ueg{/ (governor) sf] x'g'x'G5 1999. As speaker, he presides eGg] h:tf k|Zg tyf tL over the House of Representa- n] ;do–;dodf o; 5fkfnfO{ cBfjlws ug{ x/k|of; k|Zgsf hjfkmx? k5{g\ . tives and leads the majority ul//xg]5 .Ú •• political party in the House, r'gfj tyf kb axfnL eGgfn] cIfl/sf Go'hn]6/n] klg the Republican Party. The speaker is second in line to the /fi6«klt lgjf{rgkl5 /fi6«klt cWofudg ljefu (USCIS) (president) kb tyf n] lbg] gofF hfgsf/LnfO{ succession of the presidency pk/fi6«klt (vice presicBfjlws ug]{5 . after the vice president.
ablng] k|Zg / pQ/x¿
@)!% gf]e]Da/, jif{ ^ c+s &&
#
c+u|]hL–efêfsf] k/LIff,
gful/stf k/LIff
efu #
▪ ;Dd÷nfO{
(Civic
Test)
df ;xefuL x'Fbf tkfO{+;Fu c+u|]hL–efiffsf] 1fg s] slt 5 eg]/ hfFlrG5 . c+u|]hL– efiff1fgsf] tof/Lsf nflu cIfl/sfn] gful/stfsf] k/LIffsf] k':tsaf6 c+u|]hL hfFr (English Test) sf] c+z cg'jfb ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; c+sdf xfd|f] t];|f] c+zM ••
o; k/LIffdf tLg c+zdWo]
(to)
▪ xfdL
(we)
cGo -ljj/0f_ [Other (Content)]
▪ /Ëx¿
(colors)
▪ dt lbg', ef]6 v;fNg' (Vote)
▪ rfxg'
(want)
k7g efu (reading portion) sf] cGo -sfd_ [Other (Function)] afFsL c+z oxfF lbOPsf] 5M ▪ Pp6f lqmofx¿ (a) (Verbs)
▪ ;Sg'
(can)
▪ nfO{, nflu (for)
▪ ug'{
(do/does)
▪ r'Gg' ▪ x'g'
▪ oxfF
▪ 5÷lyof]÷lyof]÷x'g]5
▪ df, leq
▪ a:g'÷a:Yof]
▪ sf]
▪ e]6\g'
▪ dfly, df
▪ ltg'{
▪ Tof], p
(is/are/was/be) (lives/lived) (meet) (pay)
(first)
▪ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] (largest)
▪ w]/}
(many)
▪ clwsf+z (most)
▪ pQ/ ▪ Ps
(come)
(have/has)
(dollar bill)
▪ klxnf]
(north)
▪ cfpg'
(elects)
▪ 8n/ lan, 8n/sf] gf]6
(here)
In, on, / at sf] k|of]u 7fpF÷l:ylt jf ;dosf (one) nflu kl/l:yltcg';f/ ▪ hgtf k|of]u ul/G5 . In, on, (people) / at cflbnfO{ Prepositions elgG5 . oL b'O{ ▪ bf];|f] tflnsfn] o;af/] :ki6 (second) kf/]sf] 5 . ;|f]tM voanews.com ▪ blIf0f
(south)
(in)
(of)
(on)
(the)
qmdzM
$ @)!% gf]e]Da/, jif{ ^ c+s &&
lrlsT;sLo zAbx¿
dlxnf k|hgg k|0ffnL
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ gofF hfgsf/L;Fu}
dlxnfsf] k|hgg c+ux? k]+6sf] %) jif{sf] x'Gh]n l8Dau|GyLn] tNnf] efudf x'G5 . xf8]–abfd cfsf/sf l8Dau|GyL (Ovaries) n] c08fsf] e08f/0f u5{g\ . dlxnfsf] z/L/n] pd]/ sl/a !! jif{sf] ePb]lv sl/a
l8Dax? (egg cell) lgsfN5g\ . h;} l8Dax? l8DaaflxgL gnL (Fallopian tube) x'Fb} kf7]3/ (uterus) df hfG5g\ / k'?ifsf] z'qmsL6 (sperm cell) ;Fu ldn]/
uef{wfg x'G5 . clg ue{ a:of] (fertlized) eg] Tof] gofF of]u–sf]if kf7]3/sf] leQfdf 6fFl;P/ aRrfsf ?kdf ljsf; x'G5 . aRrf of]gL (vagina) x'Fb} aflx/ lg:sG5g\ .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 45 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 k}tfnL;f}+ ;"rL -efu $%_ • composed :
ljz]if0f– ;'l:y/, ;'Jojl:yt, zfGt, k|zfGt, cJofs'n, cg'låUg, uDeL/, /lrt, ldl>t, 9fFrf . • composition :
gfd– sfJo lqmof, /rgf, ;+lj/rgf, s[lt, ;+uLt /rgf, ;+uLt l;h{gf, ljGof;, :jefj, agf]6 jf agfj6, lgdf{0f, u7g, ;+of]hg, ;ª\37g, ;+of]hg, ;ª\ult, ;lDd>0f, zflGt, ;Demf}tf, k|zdg, dgl:ylt, dfgl;s cj:yf . • compound :
gfd– 3/;d]t ePsf] k|fª\u0f, kvf{nn] 3]/]sf] 3/ / To;sf] xftf, of}lus, ;lDd>0f . lqmof– ldnfpg', ldl>t kfg'{, cjojx? ldnfP/ s'g} kbfy{
agfpg', -emu8f, C0f_ lgK6fg'{, 6'ª\Uofpg', ;dfwfg ug'{, ltg'{, ldnfk ug'{, ;Demf}tfdf cfpg', ;lDdlnt kfg'{, ;+of]hg ug'{, a9fpg', tLj| kfg'{ . ljz]if0f– of}luso'St, ;+o'St, ;lDdl>t . • compromise :
gfd– -dWodfu{ ckgfP/ ul/Psf]_ ;Demf}tf, d]nldnfk, lgk6f/f, ldnfk . lqmof– -dWodfu{ ckgfP/_ ;Demf}tf ug'{, d]nldnfk ug'{, lgK6fpg', cfk;L ;Demf}tf u/]/ emu8f ;dfKt ug'{, cfFr cfpg glbg' . • computer :
gfd– sDKo"6/, cleu0fs, ;ª\u0fs, ljB'tLo u0fs, u0fs .
• concentrate :
gfd– ;f/, uf9f, afSnf], c? s'/f ldnfP/ zlSt sd gul/Psf] kbfy{, ljz'4 kbfy{ . lqmof– s]lGb|t ug'{, s]lGb|t x'g', s]Gb|Le"t ug'{, WofgdUg x'g', WofgdUg kfg'{, Pslqt kfg'{, uf9f kfg'{ jf x'g', afSnf] x'g' jf kfg'{, ;l~rt ug'{, Psfu|lrQ agfpg' jf aGg', tNnLg kfg'{ jf x'g' . • concentration :
gfd– Psfu|tf, tNnLgtf, ;dflw, ;dfx/0f, s]Gb|Los/0f, ;~ro, dgf]of]u, ;+s]Gb|0f, uf9fkg, ;fGb|0f, hd36 . • concept :
gfd– cjwf/0ff, ;+sNkgf, wf/0ff, ;fdfGo wf/0ff, efj, ljrf/, efjgf, sNkgf . qmdzM
xfdL n'uf km]5f}{+ . h'Qf km]5f}{+ . a:g] 7fpF ;w}+ Pp6} x'Fb}g . a;fOF ;5f}{+ . ;k{n] h:tf] sfFr'nL km]/]sf] xfdLn] cfkm}+n] cfkm"nfO{ b]Vb}gf}+ . lj1fg eG5, …dflg;sf] z/L/af6 Ps ldg]6df 5fnfsf xhf/f}+ sf]ifx¿ em5{g\ . xfd|f cfFvfn] b]Vb}g .Ú ¿vsf kftx¿ em5{g\ . gofF knfpF5g\ . o;sf] kl/jt{g dfgf}+ lgod xf] . lxhf] xftn] n]Vg] ul/GYof] . clxn] dflg;x¿ sDKo'6/ rnfpF5g\ . 6f9f a;]sf cfkmGtnfO{ va/ k7fpg] dfWod lrÝL x'g] uYof]{ . cfsfzjf0fL cfof] . 3/–3/df kmf]g cfP . clxn] xft–xftdf kmf]g 5g\ . xf], kl/jt{g lgod h:t} xf] . oL kl/jt{g h:t} 1fg klg kl/jt{glzn 5 . ;+zf]wg x'g] u5{ . xfdLn] kl/jt{glzn / ;+zf]wg x'g] 1fg;Fu lxF8\g l;s]gf}+ eg] cfkm"nfO{ c¿eGbf k5f8L kfpg ;S5f}+ . Pp6f pbfx/0f of] c+ssf] d'Vo -cfj/0f_ :tDe xf], k|ltlglw– ;efsf ;dfd'v jf cWoIfsf] kl/jt{g . !)) j6f k|Zg ePsf] gful/stfsf] tof/L k':tssf] Pp6f k|Zg ePsfn] klg xfdLn] d'Vo -cfj/0f_ :tDe agfPsf xf}+ . /, o:tf hfgsf/Lsf nflu cIfl/sf ;w}+ tDtof/ 5 Û wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com