ljsf;] h'd|f $* /fHodf
@)!^ cu:t jif{ ^ c+s *^
:s"n]gfgLn] 3/ Nofpnfg\ û ▄
cIfl/sf ;d"x
:s"n v'n]sf 5g\ . gfgLx? :s"n hfg yfn]sf 5g\ . 7"nf] ;d:of geP klg gfgLx?;Fu} h'd|f 3/ cfpnfg\ eGg] 8/ t x'G5 g} . h'd|f, sL/f÷km6of+u|f ;d"xdf kg]{ hLj xf] . o;sf] tLg hf]8L v'§f x'G5 . h'd|fsf] o; c+sdf s] s] < v'§fdf dl;gf] j:t' RofKk (What is inside ?) ;dfTg ;Sg] /f}+ x'G5 . à $* /fHodf ljsf;] h'd|f ====! To;}n] h'd|fn] dfG5]sf] /f}+ (Super lice in 48 states) ;dft]/ dHhfn] lxF88'n ug{ à :s"n;Fu ldn]/ sfd u/f}+ ===# ;S5 . of] k/hLjL (parasites) (Work with school) xf] . k/hLjL eg]sf] c¿df e/ à d x'FM 8]nfj]o/ /fHo ============$ k/]/ afFRg] hLj xf] . (I am the state of Delaware) à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb %@=======$ (Most common Eng. words 52)
h'd|fsf] hfgsf/L
h'd|fnfO{ c+u|]hLdf nfp;
ΩΩ
dfG5]nfO{ tLgvfn] h'd|f k5{g\– 6fpsf]sf h'd|f, hLpsf h'd|f, / u'Ktfésf h'd|f . oL ;a} km/s vfnsf x'G5g\ . clxn];Dd yfxf ePcg';f/ hLpdf kg]{ h'd|fn] dfq /f]u ;f5{g\ . o;k6s eg] ljsf;] h'd|fsf] rrf{ . ljsf;] h'd|f eg]/ xfdLn] ;'k/ nfO;nfO{ eg]sf xf}+ . nfp; eg]sf] h'd|f xf] . nfp;sf] ax'arg nfO; xf] . ΩΩ
(louse) elgG5
. nfp;sf] ax'arg nfO; (lice) xf] .
cd]l/sfsf] cu'jf :jf:Yo ;|f]t;+:yf ;]G6;{ km/ l8lhh sG6«f]n PG8 lk|e]G;g (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CDC) sf cg';f/
dfG5]nfO{ tLgvfn] h'd|f k5{g\– 6fpsf]sf h'd|f, hLpsf h'd|f, / u'KtfËsf h'd|f jf uFu6] h'd|f jf rd\ h'd|f . oL ;a} km/s vfnsf x'G5g\ . clxn];Dd yfxf ePcg';f/ hLpdf kg]{ h'd|fn] dfq /f]u ;f5{g\ . h'd|fsf] cfo' d'l:snn] Ps dlxgfsf] x'G5 . h'd|fnfO{ s'g} klg hLjsf] z/L/sf] tftf] rflxG5 . z/L/df a:g kfPg eg] dl/xfN5 . gf} ÷ b; lbgd} jo:s x'G5 . jo:s
@
(over-the-counter medication) k|of]u u/]/ pkrf/
aLrdf /flvPsf] Ps ;]G6÷k]gL (Cent / Penny) ;“u bf“lhPsf]M h'd|fsf] c08f (egg) tyf c08f;“u t'ngf ul/Psf] skfnsf] cfsf/ (hair), x's{bf]+ h'd|f (nymph), / jo:s ÷ pd]/ k'u]sf] (adult) h'd|f . x'gf;fy To;n] km'n -c08f_ kf5{ . cfx/f kfof] / Gofgf]df a:g kfof] eg] Pp6}n] ;o j6f;Dd c08f kf5{ . c08f rflxF dfG5]sf] sfgsf] k5fl8, r:df nufpg] JolQmsf] r:dfsf] 8G8L, ub{gdf kfg{ ?rfpF5 . dfG5]n] em§ yfxf gkfpmg\ eg]/ n's]sf] xf] . n'Sg klg ;lhnf] x'G5 . Tof] 7fpFdf tftf] a9L x'gfn] h'd|fn] a9L ?rfPsf] xf] . efn] h'd|f / kf]yL h'd|fdf clnslt km/s x'G5 . c08f kfg{'kg]{ ePsfn] kf]yL 7"nf] cfsf/sf] x'G5 . h'd|fsf] lb;f sfnf] x'G5 . dfG5]sf] /ut g} p;sf] lb;f xf] . h'g ;fgf]–;fgf] yf]Knf cfsf/df x'G5 . hfgsf/x¿sf cg';f/ dfG5]sf] pTklQ;Fu} h'd|fsf] klg pTklQ ePsf] ljZjf; ul/G5 . ;kmfOsf] sdL, kmf]xf]/ sk8f, g'xfOw'jfOsf] sdL eof] eg] h'd|f kg{ ;'? x'G5 . h'd|f k/]sf] JolQm;Fu ;'Tbf ;lhn} h'd|f ;5{g\ .
ljsf;] h'd|f o;k6s eg] …ljsf;] h'd|fÚsf] rrf{ . ljsf;] h'd|f
eg]/ xfdLn] …;'k/ nfO;Ú (super lice) nfO{ eg]sf xf}+ . ut dfr{df k|sflzt hg{n ckm d]l8sn OG6f]df]nf]hL (Journal of Medical Entomology) sf] Ps cg';Gwfgcg';f/
h'd|f lg/fs/0fsf nflu ul/g] pkfon] sfd gug]{ vfnsf h'd|f $* /fHodf b]lvPsf 5g\, h;nfO{ ;'k/ nfO; elgPsf] xf] . cnf:sf (Alaska) / j]:6 elh{lgof (West Virginia) df eg] b]lvPsf] 5}g . oL c? h'd|f h:t} x'g\, t/ h'd|f lg/fs/0fsf nflu ul/g] pkfon] sfd gug]{ vfnsf dfq 5g\ . o;sf lnvf b'Mv lbg] vfnsf 5g\, l6k]/ ˆofFSg ufx|f] x'G5 .
s] ug'{k5{ < o;;DaGwL sfd ub}{ cfPsf ljz]if1n] cleefjsx?nfO{ ΩΩ
h'd|f lg/fs/0fsf nflu ul/g] pkfon] sfd gug]{ vfnsf h'd|fnfO{ ;'k/ nfO; elgPsf] xf] . oL c? h:t} h'd|f 5g\ . cleefjsnfO{ lj1n] s]xL dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ . ΩΩ
ug{'xf];\, h:tf]M kd]{ly|g (permethrin) / kfO/]ly|g (pyrethrin) ePsf ZofDk' k|of]u ug'{xf];\ . o; ljifodf cfˆgf lrlsT;s;Fu ;Nnfx ug{ ;lsG5, lsgeg] pxfFnfO{ s'g cf}ifwL -ZofDk' cflb_ n] w]/}hgfnfO{ sfd ul//x]sf] 5 yfxf x'G5 . à ZofDk' nufpg] tl/sf kmfd]{l;:6 jf lrlsT;s;Fu /fd|/L a'‰g'xf];\ . o;sf] k|of]u ;lx tl/sfn] gugf{n] w]/}k6s h'd|f glgv|]sf] kfOG5 . klxnf] k6s ZofDk' nufPsf] ( lbgdf k'gM k|of]u ug'{k5{ . oL b'O{ k6ssf] aLrdf ;w}+ k|of]u ug]{ ZofDk'n] g'xfpg'xf];\ . dl;gf bfFt ePsf sfOFof]n] sf]g'{xf];\ . of] !$–lbg] pkrf/–ljlw xf] . à s'g} Ps vfn] ZofDk'sf] k|of]un] h'd|f glglv|P, csf]{ vfnsf] k|of]u ug'{xf];\ . dfG5]lkR5] km/s ZofDk'n] sfd ug{ ;S5g\ . ZofDk'afx]s dnxd h:tf bNg] cf}ifwL klg nufpg ;lsG5 . vfg] cf}ifwLdf :6«f]d]S6n (Stromectal) sf] gfd lng] ul/G5 . t/ lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx lng}k5{ . à gfgLnfO{ h'd|f ;Ns]sf 5}gg\ eg] klg pgLx?nfO{ h'd|faf/] gfgLx?nfO{ l;sfpg'xf];\ . c?sf] 6f]kL, sfOFof] cflb grnfp x} eGg'xf];\ . :s"n;“u ldn]/ sfd u/f}+, k[i7 #
@)!^ cu:t, jif{ ^ c+s *^
o:tf s]xL ;'emfjx? lbPsf 5g\M à cfkm"n] lsGgldNg] cf}ifwL
@)!^ cu:t, jif{ ^ c+s *^
#
:s"n;Fu ldn]/ sfd ug{ ;lsG5 tkfO{+sf] gfgL h'd|f -6fpsfdf kg]{_ af]s]/ 3/ cfof] eg] gcflQg'xf];\ . jif]{lg bzf}+ nfv :s"n] gfgLx¿n] o:tf ;fwf/0f h'd|f ;f5{g\ . gfgLx¿ ;fx|} glhs eP/ v]N5g\ . 6f]kL, sk8f, a'?;, sfOFof], / cGo JolQmut ;fdfgx¿sf] ;fwf/0f ;f6km]/n] h'd|f Ps–cfk;df ;g{ ;S5g\ . h'd|fsf] pkrf/ ;lhn} / ultnf] tl/sfn] ug{ ;lsG5 . cf}ifwfno -kmfd]{;L_ df sfd ug]{ kmfd]{l;:6;Fu h'd|f pkrf/ ug]{ k|efjsf/L ZofDk' dfUg ;Sg'x'G5 jf o; ljifodf cfˆgf 8fS6/;Fu ;Nnfx lng ;Sg'x'G5 . à h'd|f pkrf/ ug]{ ZofDk' nufPsf] xf] eGg] k|df0f :j¿k pkrf/af/] 5f]6f] lnlvt l6kf]6;lxt ZofDk'sf] 8Aafdf aflx/L vf]ndf x'g] aS; 6k (boxtop) s[kof cfˆgf] gfgL;Fu :s"n k7fpg'xf];\ . à h'd|fn] c08f kf5{g\, h;nfO{ lnvf (nit) elgG5 . kl/jf/ sf ;a}nfO{ h'd|f / tLgsf c08f k/]sf 5g\ ÷ 5}gg\ eg]/ hfFRg'xf];\ . h'd|f ;fgf km';|f] vfnsf] kx]+nf] -s}nf] /+u ePsf] kv]6f gx'g] ls/f x'g\ . à lnvfx¿ skfnsf] km]b tfn'sf] aflx/L tx;Fu s8f;Fu 6fFl;P/ a;]sf x'G5g\ / lhpFbf h'd|feGbf oL lnvf lgs} ;lhn}
ΩΩ
cf]5\ofg 5f]Kg] sk8f, 6f]kL, / l:nlkË Aofux¿nfO{ tftf] xfjfn] ;'sfpg] jf d]lzgdf wf]P/ ;'sfpg] jf kmf]xf]/ ˆofSg] Knfli6ssf y}nLdf l6ldSs afFw]/ slDtdf b'O{ xKtf;Dd /fVg'xf];\ . à skfn sf]g]{ sfOFof tyf a'¿z, skfn afFWg] x]8 ΩΩ AofG8 (head bands) / sk8f;lxtsf sfF6f÷lrD6L b]Vg ;lsG5 . oL ;fgf (barrettes) nfO{ skfn ;]tf bfux¿ w]/}h;f] w'g] ZofDk'df jf tftf] uw{geGbf dfly / kfgLdf slDtdf !) ldg]6 sfgk5f8L kfOG5g\ . 8'afpg'xf];\ jf efF8f df‰g] à ZofDk'sf] 8Aafdf n]lvPsf] d]l;gdf w'g'xf];\ . jf lrlsT;ssf] lgb]{zg à sfk]{6, ;f]kmf, s';L{h:tf kfngf ub}{ h'd|f k/]sf kmlg{r/sf aflx/L vf]n, kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:on] rs6L, la:t/fsf] Dof6«]; o;sf] pkrf/ ug{'xf];\ . (mattress) cflbsf 5]ps'gf à ZofDk' nufPkl5 dl;gf ;a}lt/ Eofs'd nufpg'xf];\ bfFt ePsf] sfOFof] -h'd|f / Eofs'dsf] kmf]xf]/ hDdf pkrf/ ug]{ ZofDk' lsGbf x'g] y}nf]÷efF8f]nfO{ lgyf/ lnvf lgsfNg] sfOFof] lkyf/ kf/]/ ;kmf ug{'xf];\ . cfpF5_ n] tL lnvf à ;fOsn r9\bf nufpg] x6fpg'xf];\ . dgtftf]nfO{ x]Nd]6, uLt cflb ;'Gbf leg]u/ (vinegar) df ld;fP/ sfgdf nufpg] x]8kmf]g, -!M! dfqfdf_ jf ;kmf hgfj/sf] h:tf e'jfbf/ dgtftf] rnfpgfn] lnvf v]nf}gfnfO{ Knfl:6ssf] x6fpg d2t k'Ug ;S5 . y}nf]df xfNg] / afFw]/ !) lnvf x6fpg tkfO{+sf gË lbg;Dd /fVg'xf];\ . (fingernails) jf /f}+ pv]Ng k|of]u ug]{ lrD6L (tweezers) à ;ft lbgkl5 km]l/ ZofDk'n] pkrf/ ug{ ;Demg'xf];\ . rnfpg' kg]{ x'g;S5 . olb s'g} k|Zg 5g\ eg] s[kof à tGbf, l;/fgLsf vf]n / sk8fx¿ w'g -slDtdf @) :s"nsf] :jf:Yo sfof{no -x]Ny ldg]6_ tftf] kfgL / emf]n clkm;_ df kmf]g ug{'xf];\ . ;fa'g k|of]u ug{'xf];\ . ;|f]tM o'P;P 6'8], l;l8;L, ljleGg à sDan, tGbfh:tf j]a;fO6 cflb . :s"n hfg] gfgL h'd|f -6fpsfdf kg]{_ af]s]/ 3/ cfof] eg] gcflQg'xf];\ . jif]{lg bzf}+ nfv :s"n] gfgLx¿n] h'd|f ;f5{g\ . h'd|fsf] pkrf/ ;lhn} / ultnf] tl/sfn] ug{ ;lsG5 .
$ @)!^ cu:t, jif{ ^ c+s *^
8]nfj]o/
(Delaware) d 8]nfj]o/ /fHo x'F . d cd]l/sfsf] Ps /fHo x'F . 8]nfj]o/sf] /fhwfgL 8f]e/ (Dover) xf] . nnn
pQ/–k"j{df Go' h;L{ (New Jersey), pQ/df k]G;ne]lgof (Pennsylvania) 5g\ . nnn
xhf/ 5 . yf]/} hg;+Vof ePsf /fHodf of] 5}6f}+ /fHo xf] . nnn
8]nfj]o/ ;g\ !&*& l8;]Da/ & df cd]l/sfsf] /fHo ag]sf] xf] . To;}n] 8]nfj]o/n] cfkm"nfO{ klxnf] /fHo (First State) sf pkgfdn] lrgfpF5 . nnn
8]nfj]o/ dWo–cfGw| ÷ pQ/– k"jL{ /fHo xf] . nnn
8]nfj]o/sf] blIf0f–klZrddf d]l/Nof08 (Maryland),
8]nfj]o/ cd]l/sfsf] bf];|f] ;fgf] /fHo xf] . o;sf] If]qkmn ! xhf/ ( ;o *@ ju{ dfOn -% xhf/ ! ;o #) ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5.
8]nfj]o/df tLg j6f sfpG6L 5g\. nnn
8]nfj]o/sf] cfˆgf] em08f / lgzfgf 5fk 5 . nnn
of] /fHosf] gfd 8]nfj]o/ gbLsf] gfdaf6 /flvPsf] xf] .
nnn
oxfFsf] hg;+Vof sl/a ( nfv $^
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 52 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 afpGgf}+ ;"rL -efu %@_ • cook:
lqmof– vfgf ksfpg', kfSg', vfg'cl3 vfgx'g] agfpg' -ttfpg'_, ;fl6lbg', lauf/Llbg', em'7f] ;flat ug'{, h'7\ofOlbg' . gfd– efG5]÷efG;], ;"ksf/, kfrs, /;f]Oof . • cookie:
gfd– la:s'6, dL7f] la:s'6, s'lsh .
JolSt, 708f 7fpF, w}o{, zLt, zLtntf, hf8f] . ljz]if0f– zLtn, 708f, zLt, lr;f], zLtnLs/0f, hf8f] . lqmof– 708fpg', e:of{pg' -eft_, ;]nfpg', lr;f] kfg{', lrl;g', xDsg', 708f÷lr;f] x'g lbg' . • cooperate:
lqmof– ;xof]u ug'{, ;xfotf ug'{, d2t ug'{, ldn]/ sfd gfd– lr;f] j:t', lr;f] ug'{ . k]o, lr;f] xfjf, zfGt :jefjsf] gfd– ;xof]u, ;xfotf, d2t . • cool:
• cope (with):
lqmof– k'Ug', ;fdgf ug'{ . • copper:
lqmof– tfdfsf] n]kg nufpg' . gfd– tfdf, cf/Ifs, tfd| . ljz]if0f– tfdfsf] . • copy:
lqmof– gSsn ug'{, cg's/0f ug'{, k|ltlnlk agfpg', b]vfl;sL ug'{, ;fg'{ . gfd– gSsn, k|ltlnlk, cg's/0f, ;/f]6, ptf/, ;fkmL, k|ltn]v . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ gkTofPsf] ;d:of slxn]sfxL+ gkTofpg] ;d:ofn] ;tfpF5 . 3/df h'd|f cfOk'Unf eg]/ tkfO{+n] slxNo} ;f]r]sf] x'Fb}g, cfpF5 . c¿ t c¿, To;df klg :s"n hfg] gfgLx¿n] NofpF5g\ . ls/f ;fgf x'G5g\, ;d:of …h'd|} t xf], 5f8\b]Ú eg]/ rNb}g . cfpg ;lhn} cfpnfg\, kG5fpg Tolt ;lhnf] 5}g . o;nfO{ ljifo agfpg'kg]{ a]nf cfpnf eg]/ xfdLn] klg ;f]r]sf lyPgf}+, aGof] . agfpg h?/L eof] . ;"rgf h:tf] r':; 5l/lbPsf] 5 . yk vf]Hg] lhDdf tkfO{+x¿nfO{ . o; ;d:ofsf nflu :s"n;Fu ldn]/ sfd ug]{ bfloTj eg] lhDd]jf/k"0f{ b]lvG5 . ;|f]t ToxL xf], d"n ToxL . d"n g} lgD6\ofGg kf/]kl5 6G6} ;fkm . ;fydf o;k6s 8]nfj]o/ /fHosf] hfgsf/L / rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb;lxt . wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com