gful/stf lng lbOg] k/LIffsf] tLg k|Zg pxL, hjfkm gofF
o; c+sdf s] s] < (What is inside ?) à tLg k|Zgsf] hjfkm ;+zf]wg=======! (3 revised answers for civic test)
à xjfO{sf] r'/f]6 lsGg] pd]/ @!===# (Hawaii: legal smoking age is 21)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb %*==========$ (Most common Eng. words 58)
à d x'FM cfO8fxf]============================$ (I am state of Idaho)
sf] gofF /fi6«klt, sf] pk/fi6«klt / /fi6«klt s'g bnaf6 < ;g\ @)!& hgj/L @) b]lv gofF /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dk (Donald J. Trump) tyf pk/fi6«klt dfOs k]G; (Mike Pence) n] kbef/ ;DxfNg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFx? l/klAnsg kf6L{ (Republican Party) sf tkm{af6 5flgg' ePsf] xf] . ;g\ @)!^ gf]e]Da/df ePsf] lgjf{rgn] of] kl/jt{g u/]sf] xf] . To;}n] gful/stf lnFbf lbg'kg]{ k/LIffsf] tof/L k':tssf] k|Zg g+= @*, @( / $^ sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] 5 . oxfF cg'jfb;lxt tL k|Zg, / hjfkmx?M
gful/stf lnFbf lbg'kg]{ k/LIffsf] tof/L k':tssf] k|Zg g+= @*, @( / $^ sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] 5 . gofF /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dk tyf k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf pk/fi6«klt dfOs @*= jt{dfg cd]l/sL /fi6«kltsf] k]G;n] kbef/ ;Dxfn]kl5 gfd s] xf] <* o:tf] ePsf] xf] . ^% jif{ jf à 8f]gfN8 h]= 6«Dk ;f]eGbf h]7f] dflg;nfO{ k|Zg à 8f]gfN8 6«Dk @* ;f]lwb}g . à 8f]gfN8 6«Dk 8f]gfN8 6«Dk cd]l/sfsf $%cf}+ /fi6«klt x'g'x'G5 . /fi6«kltsf
k|Zg g+= @*
USCIS.gov
@)!& km]a'c | /L jif{ & c+s (@
?kdf pxfF sfo{kflnsfsf k|d'v x'g'x'G5 . ;]gf k|d'vsf ?kdf pxfF ;]gfsf] d'Vo JolSt klg x'g'x'G5 . 6«Dksf] hGd h"g !$, !($^ df Go'of]s{df ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] k]G;ne]lgof ljZjljBfnosf] Xjf6{g :s"n ckm kmfOg]G;af6 :gfts tx k"/f ug'{ePsf] xf] . pxfF cd]l/sL Jofkf/L tyf n]vs x'g'x'G5 . /fi6«klt 6«DksL >LdtL, h;nfO{ …k|yd dlxnfÚ elgG5, sf] gfd d]nflgof 6«Dk xf] .
k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf 28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?* à Donald J. Trump à Donald Trump à Trump Donald J. Trump is the 45th president of the United States. As president he is the head of the executive branch. As commander in chief, he is
@
USCIS.gov
k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf whitehouse.gov
also in charge of the military. Trump was born in New York on June 14, 1946. He graduated from the Wharton School of Finance at the University of Pennsylvania. He is an American businessman and author. President Trump’s wife, called “the First Lady,” is Melania Trump.
k|Zg g+= @( k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf @(= jt{dfg cd]l/sL pk– /fi6«kltsf] gfd s] xf] < à dfOsn cf/= k]G; à dfOs k]G; à k]G;
/fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dk pk/fi6«klt dfOs k]G;
whitehouse.gov
dfOsn -dfOs_ cf/= k]G; cd]l/sfdf $* cf}+ pk/fi6«klt x'g'x'G5 . k]G;sf] hGd h"g &, !(%( sf lbg OlG8ofgf /fHodf ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] Xofgf]e/ sn]haf6 :gfts ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxfFn]
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? à Michael R. Pence à Mike Pence à Pence Michael (Mike) R. Pence is the 48th vice president of the United States. Pence was born June 7, 1959, in Indiana. He graduated from Hanover College. He also studied law and graduated from the Robert H. McKinney School of Law at Indiana University. Pence was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2000. In 2012, Pence was elected governor of Indiana. As vice president, Pence is president of the U.S. Senate and a top advisor to the president. Vice President Pence is married to Karen Pence.
k|Zg g+= $^
USCIS.gov
k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf $^= jt{dfg cd]l/sL /fi6«klt s'g bnsf x'g'x'G5 < à l/klAnsg -kf6L{_ clxn] cd]l/sfdf d'Vo b'O{
@)!& km]a'c | /L, jif{ & c+s (@
sfg'g klg k9\g'ePsf] 5 / OlG8ofgf o'lgel;{6Lsf] …/f]a6{ Pr= DofslsgL :s"n ckm nÚ af6 :gfts ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxfF klxnf]k6s ;g\ @))) df cd]l/sfsf] k|ltlglw– ;ef ;b:o lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . ;g\ @)!@ df pxfF OlG8ofgf /fHosf] ueg{/ lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . pk/fi6«kltsf ?kdf pxfF l;g]6sf ;efWoIf x'g'x'G5 eg] /fi6«kltsf k|d'v ;Nnfx– sf/ x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] s]/g k]G;;Fu ljjfx ug'{ePsf] 5 .
USCIS.gov
@)!& km]a'c | /L, jif{ & c+s (@
#
/fhgLlts bnx?M 8]df]qm\ofl6s / l/klAnsg kf6L{ 5g\ . jt{dfg /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dk, l/klAnsg kf6L{sf ;b:o x'g'x'G5 . cGo pNn]vgLo l/klAnsg /fi6«kltx?df ca|fxd lnª\sg, lyof]8/ ¿hj]N6, jf/]g xfl8{ª\u, xa{6{ x'e/, 8\jfO6 cfOh]gxfj/, /f]gfN8 /]ug, hh{ Pr= 8ANo'= a'z, / hh{ 8ANo'= a'z x'g'x'G5 . pNn]vgLo 8]df]qm]l6s /fi6«kltx?df p8«f] ljN;g, ˆo|fª\slng 8L= ¿hj]N6, Xof/L 6«o'Dofg, hf]g Pkm= s]g8L, lnG8g aL= hf]G;g, lhDdL sf6{/, ljlnod …lanÚ lSnG6g, / af/fs
The two major political parties in the United States today are the Democratic and Republican parties. The current president, Donald Trump, is a member of the Republican Party. Other notable Republican presidents include Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Warren Harding, Herbert Hoover, Dwight Eisenhower, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush. Notable Democratic presidents include Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, cf]afdf x'g'x'G5 . !(cf}+ Harry Truman, John F. KenztfAbLsf] dWob]lv l/klAnsg nedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, kf6L{sf] k|tLs lrGxsf] xfQL Jimmy Carter, William “Bill” /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . l/klAnsg Clinton, and Barack Obama. kf6L{nfO{ …Uo|f08 cf]N8 kf6L{Ú Since the middle of the 19th jf …lhcf]kLÚ sf gfdn] klg century, the symbol of the hflgG5 . 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{sf] Republican Party has been k|tLs lrGx uwf xf] . the elephant. The Republik|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf can Party is also known as the “Grand Old Party” or 46. What is the political party of the President now? the “GOP.” The symbol of à Republican the Democratic Party is the (Party) donkey.
l/klAnsg kf6L{
xjfO{df r'/f]6 lsGg @! jif{ x'g'kg]{ cd]l/sL /fHo xjfO{
(Ha-
-/]i6'/fF_, :s"n, gf6s3/ / cGo :yfgdf w"dkfg ug{ k|ltaGw nufPsf 5g\ . To:t} ;a}h;f] /fHodf @! jif{eGbf sd pd]/n] s'g} vfnsf /S;L vl/b ug'{ u}/sfg'gL xf] . tf] lsPsf] :yfg, h:t}M dw'zfnf w"dkfg / /S;L -af/, /S;L vfg] 7fpF_ jf ;a} /fHodf !* jif{ gk'u]– rd]gf–u[xafx]s ;8s jf ;fj{hlgs :yndf /S;L lkpg' sfn] r'/f]6 jf ;'tL{hGo cGo ;fdfGotM u}/sfg'gL pTkfbg vl/b ug'{ u}/sfg'gL xf] . /S;L;DaGwL cGo sfg'g xf] . s]xL /fHon] ;fj{hlgs /fHolkR5] ©/s x'g;S5g\ . :yn h:t}M rd]gf–u[x waii) n]
r'/f]6 lsGg kfpg] dflg;sf] pd]/ @! jif{ x'g'kg]{ lgod NofPsf] 5 . @! jif{sf] ePkl5 dfq r'/f]6 lsGg kfpg] pd]/sf] lgod Nofpg] xjfO{ klxnf] /fHo xf] .
xjfO{df s] eof] < ;g\ @)!& hgj/L ! b]lv nfu' of] lgodcg';f/ @! jif{ gk'u]sf] JolQmn] On]S6«f]lgs;lxt cGo r'/f]6 jf ;"lt{hGo j:t' vl/b ug{ kfpFb}g . xjfO{sf] :jf:Yo ljefu eG5– w]/} cDdnLn] @! jif{eGbf klxn] r'/f]6 tfGg yfN5g\, clg em08} cfwf dflg; !* gk'Ub} lbgx'F r'/f]6 vfg] eO;s]sf x'G5g\ .
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c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 58 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 cG7fpGgf}+ ;"rL -efu %*_ • crowd:
lqmof– 5flkg', ‰oflDdg', e]nf x'g', em'lDdg', cf]O/f] nfUg', 7]nd7]n ug{', x'n ug{', e]nf kfg'{, emg{' -lzsf/_ . gfd– eL8, n:s/, n"F8f], hgtf, hg;d"x, d]nf, 6f]nL, 3rf3r, bË, xfnx"n, uhdf}/f], u'hd'Rr, x"nxfn, le8ef8, 3rf/f], hdft, aofg, 3'OFrf], 3'O/f], cf]O/f], x'n, x"nd"n, ;d"x, em'G8, hTyf . • crown:
lqmof– d's'6÷/fhd's'6 klx¥ofpg', u2Lg;Lg u/fpg', k"/f ug'{, cfe"if0f÷lje"if0f nufOlbg', >[+uf/ ug'{, /fHof– leif]s÷;Ddflgt ug'{, kbf]Gglt x'g', uf}/jflGjt ug'{, lzv/df x'g', bfFtdf vf]n xfNg' . gfd– d's'6, /fhd's'6, 6f]kL,
lasf]{, tfh, bfFtsf] vf]n, k"0f{tf d's'6, zLif{, r'N7f], k'/:sf/, laNnf, /fh, /fhf, rfFbtf]8f, lzv/, lz/, ;d|f6 . • crucial:
gfd– cToGt dxÎjk"0f{ . ljz]if0f– lg0ff{os, ufF7L, r/d, ;+j]bglzn, h8L, sl7g, 7Ls, k|fdfl0fs, ;+s6sflng, dxÎjk"0f{ . • cruel:
lqmof ljz]if0f– lgb{otf jf qm'/tfsf ;fy . gfd– qm'/tf;fy, s7f]/, s7f]/–x[bo, qm'/, bofxLg, lgb{oL, lgi7'/ jf lgi7'/L . ljz]if0f– qm'/, lgb{oL, 3fts, a]/xd, lgdf{of, lgd{d, pu|, g[z+;, s7f]/, eofgs, pTkL8gdo, cdfgjLo, v/fa .
• crush:
lqmof– lsRg', vF'8\g', ldRg', k]Ng', 9f8 ;]Sg', RofKg', lgrf]g'{, gf:g', emfg'{, bafpg', s'Nrg', 6'qm\ofpg', lk:g', k/flht ug'{, lhTg' . gfd– eL8, x"nd"n, d'7e]8, n:s/, lsrflsr, lyrfyLr, ldrfO, hd36, bafj, 6Ss/, wSsf . • cry:
lqmof– s/fpg', 8fFsf] xfn]/ ¿g', ¿g', laqmLsf nflu af]Ng', ljnfk ug'{, ofrgf ug'{, lrRofpg' . gfd– af]nL, /f]bg, gf/f, t]h jf rsf]{ pRrf/0f, y]uf], xNnf, dfu, ofrgf, qmGbg, cfjfh, sf]nfxn . qmdzM
cfO8xf] (Idaho)
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ rf/ jif{sf] ;+zf]wg
$ ;o $) ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 . nnn
d cfO8xf] /fHo x'F . cfO8xf]sf] /fhwfgL af]O;L (Boise) xf] . cfO8xf] pQ/– klZrdL /fHo xf] . nnn
cfO8xf]sf] k"j{ tyf pQ/– k"j{df df]G6fgf (Montana) /fHo, k"j{df jfof]ldª (Wyoming), blIf0fdf g]ef8f (Nevada) tyf o'6fx
(Utah),
/ klZrddf
jfl;ª\u6g (Washington) tyf cf]/]ug (Oregon) 5g\ . pQ/df Sofg8f (Canada) ;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 . nnn
cfO8xf] cd]l/sfsf] !$ cf}+ 7"nf] /fHo xf] . o;sf] If]qkmn *# xhf/ % ;o ^( ju{ dfOn -@ nfv !^ xhf/
oxfFsf] hg;+Vof sl/a !^ nfv *# xhf/ 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf /fHodf of] #( cf}+ /fHo xf] . nnn
cfO8xf] ;g\ !((# df cd]l/sL ;+3df hf]l8Psf] xf] . nnn
cfO8xf]df $$ j6f sfpG6L (county) 5g\.
;g\ @)!@ kl5 ;g\ @)!^ df ePsf] /fi6«klt lgjf{rgn] agfPsf] Oltxf;n] cd]l/sL gful/stf lgsfNg]nfO{ gofF kf7 lbPsf] 5 . gful/stf kfpgsf nflu kl9/x]sfn] o;nfO{ cWofjlws ug{ cfjZos ePsfn] o;k6ssf] cfj/0f n]v o;} ljifodf . r'/f]]6, dBkfg cflbsf] lgod /fHon] tf]Sg] xf] . xjfO{n] r'/f]6 vl/bdf gofF lgod NofPsf] 5 . hfGg'kg]{ bf;|f] ljifo . ;fydf b'O{ lgoldt :tDe . wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com