;jf/L lgod pNn+3g
;8sb]lv cbfnt;Dd
Rajesh Koirala
@)!& h'nfO{ jif{ & c+s (&
tkfO{+sf] uf8L k|x/Ln] /f]s] s]
;S5g\ . tkfO{sf] uf8Lk5fl8 lemlds–lemlds aQL afNb} jf ug'{x'G5 < s'g} sf/0f lagf t 6«flkms lgod pNn3+gdf ;fO/g ahfpFb} k|x/Lsf] uf8L uf8L kSs} /f]lsb}g . To;df hl/jfgf dfq tf]lsof] eg] cfO/x]sf] 5 eg] cfˆgf] o; c+sdf s] s] < lgod pNn3+g ePsf] x'g;S5, hl/jfgflj¿4 cbfnt hfg uf8LnfO{ lj:tf/} 5]p nufP/ (What is inside ?) h:tf]M dfbs–kbfy{ ;]jg, ;Sg'x'G5 . k|x/Ln] ld/fG8f ;'/lIft 7fpFdf /f]Sg'k5{ . à ;jf/L lgodsf] pNn3+g============! l;6a]N6 gnufPsf], tf]s]eGbf r] tfjgL ;'gfpg ;S5g\ eg] k|x/Ln] cfˆgf] uf8L tkfO{+ a9L ultdf uf8L cflb . (Basic rules on road, and laws) cbfntdf csf]{ y/L clwsf/ k5f8L /f]s] eg] tkfO{+sf] xfdLn] hfg] s f] ;fdfGo à d x'FM n'Olhofgf /fHo==============$ ;'gfOG5 . tkfO{+sf] clkndf uf8Lsf] OlGhg aGb ug{'xf];\ / cj:yf o:tf] xf] . tkfO{+n] (I am state of Louisiana) GofofwLzn] km};nf ug{'x'G5 . cfkm" uf8Lleq a:g'xf];\ . ha à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb ^#==========$ 6«flkms lgod pNn3+g ug{'eof] eg] k|x/Ln] tkfO{sf] uf8L /f]Sg af“sL k[i7 @ df (Most common Eng. words 63)
@
ld/fG8f r]tfjgL -lj:t[t_
Youtube screenshot
@)!& h'nfO{, jif{ & c+s (&
k|x/L tkfO{sf] uf8Lglhs cfpF5g\, pgL cfPkl§sf] lzzf vf]Ng'xf];\ / cfˆgf b'j} xftn] :6]ol/ªsf] dflyNnf] efu ;dft]/ a:g'xf];\ . zfGt x'g'xf];\ . pgn] tkfO{+sf] rfns cg'dlt–kq -nfO;]G;_ / uf8L– btf{sf] sfuh dfu] eg] tkfO{n] b]vfpg'k5{ . pgn] tkfO{+sf] uf8L vfgtnf;L ug{'k5{ eg] eg] tkfO{+nfO{ …x'GgÚ eGg] clwsf/ 5 . k|x/Ln] tkfO{+nfO{ 6«flkms != tkfO{+sf] gaf]nL a:g kfpg] / k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg lgod pNn3+g u/]sf] eGg c:jLsf/ ug]{ clwsf/ 5 . s] tkfO{+n] a'‰g'eof] < ;S5g\ / l6s6 lbg @= tkfO{+n] s]xL af]Ng'eof] eg] Tof] cbfntdf tkfO{+ g} lj¿4 ;S5g\ . w]/}h;f] l6s6df k|of]u x'g;S5 . s] tkfO{+n] a'‰g'eof] < hl/jfgf n]lvPsf] x'G5 . pQm #= tkfO{+nfO{ k|x/L;Fu s'/f ug{'eGbf klxn] jlsn;Fu k/fdz{ lng hl/jfgf tkfO{+n] ltg{'– kfpg], / clxn] jf eljiodf ul/g] s'g} ;f]wk'5sf bf}/fg k5{ . jlsnnfO{ pkl:yt u/fpg kfpg] clwsf/ 5 . s] tkfO{+n] gful/s clwsf/ a'‰g'eof] < tkfO{+nfO{ kqmfp ug'{– $= tkfO{+ jlsn–vr{ a]xf]g{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf x'g'x'G5 tyf olb kg]{ eof] eg] k|x/Ln] tkfO{+sf tkfO{+ rfxg'x'G5 eg] s'g} ;f]wk'5eGbf klxn] tkfO{+sf nflu clwsf/af/] k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L Pshgf jlsn v6fOg] 5 . s] tkfO{+n] a'‰g'eof] < lbG5g\ . To:tf clwsf/nfO{ %= olb tkfO{+n] clxn] jlsn lagf g} ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] ld/fG8f r]tfjgL (Miranda hjfkm lbg] lg0f{o ug{'eof] eg] klg jlsn;Fu s'/f gu¿Gh] warning) elgG5 . n s'g} klg a]nf k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbGg eg]/ /f]Sg kfpg] tkfO{{nfO{ hl/jfgf dfq clwsf/ 5 . s] tkfO{+n] a'‰g'eof] < tf]lsof] eg] hl/jfgflj¿4 ^= d}n] tkfO{+nfO{ JofVof u/]sf tkfO{+sf clwsf/x¿af/] hfgL clkn ug{ ;Sg'x'G5, cbfnt / a'emL klg tkfO{F jsLnsf] pkl:ylt lagf d]/f k|Zgx¿sf] hfg ;Sg'x'G5 . cbfntdf hjfkm lbg tof/ x'g'x'G5 < klg tkfO{+sf clwsf/ s] x'g\ eg]/ elgG5 . tkfO{+sf] (Operating a Vehicle under the k|efljt eO{ ;jf/L rnfPsf] clkndf GofofwLzn] km};nf cj:yfdf rfnssf] d'vaf6 Influence, OVI) eg]sf] ug{'x'G5 . / sf/leqaf6 /S;Lsf] b'u{Gw kfOG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg / ;jf/L cfpF5 . k|x/Ln] k|Zg ubf{ af]nL rfnssf] Ifdtf / dl:tis /S;L, gzf nfUg] vfnsf na{/fpF5 . cfFvf /l;nf x'G5g\ k|efljt x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yf cf}ifwL jf nfu"cf}ifwsf] k|of]u sfg'g pNn3+gsf] ljifo xf] . / dl;gf gzfdf /ut a9L aUg] u/L uf8L rnfpg'nfO{ …8«fOleª x'gfn] cfFvf s]xL /ftf s'g} j:t'sf] k|efjdf oGq cG8/ OGˆn'ofG;Ú (Driving b]lvG5g\ . cg'xf/ cln rnfpg' ;a}df of] nfu" x'g] under the Influence; DUI) nlqPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . u/]sf] 5, h:tf] M 8'+uf elgG5 . s'g}–s'g} /fHodf ;fdfGotM cfFvfsf] k6n lvofpFbf, xjfOhxfh rnfpFbf, …8«fOleª XjfOn Og6lS;s]6]8Ú -9Ssg_ klg lu/]sf x'G5g\ . v]tLdf s'g} oGq rnfpFbf, (Driving While Intoxicated, dft] s f] rfnsnfO{ cln af}l4s 3f]8fn] ef/L tfGg] ;jf/Ldf DWI), …ck/]l6ª XjfOn vfnsf k|Zg a'‰g sl7g x'G5 3f]8f–lgoGq0f ubf{ cflb . / pQ/ :ki6 cfpFb}g . ODk]o8{Ú (Operating while ;8sdf ul/g] k/LIf0f sf]xL t cfkm"n] /S;L vfPsf] Impaired, OWI) jf …ck/]l6ª\ s' g } afXoj:t' s f] ;] j gaf6 elgxfN5g\ eg] s;}n] c e]sn cG8/ b OGˆNo'ofG;Ú
@)!& h'nfO{, jif{ & c+s (&
#
cbfntdf ;'gfOg] clwsf/ k|To]s JolQm, h;nfO{ cleof]u nfu]sf] x'G5, pxfFx¿ lglZrt clwsf/sf xsbf/ x'g'x'G5 eg]/ hfgsf/L lbg' cbfntsf] lhDd]jf/L x'G5 . To;}n] cbfntn] ;'gfpg] d'Vo lgDg clwsf/x¿ o:tf x'G5g\M -oL ;8s lgod pNn3+gsf] dfq xf]Og_ != tkfO{+lj¿4 nfu]sf cleof]u jf cleof]ux¿af/] hfGg / a'‰g kfpg] tkfO{+sf] clwsf/ 5 . @= tkfO{+nfO{ s'g} ljifodf bf]ifL 7x/fpg'cl3 o; cleof]usf ;a't dfq ;lxt, h;df tkfO{+ bf]ifL xf], hfoh z+sfeGbf aflx/, tkfO{+lj¿4 nufOPsf cf/f]kx¿ ;flat ug{sf nflu cleof]hg kIf vfFrf] kg{ ;S5, tkfO{+n] cfkm"nfO{ lgbf]{if dfGg tkfO{+sf] clwsf/ x'G5 . tkfO{+n] cfkm" bf]ifL xf]Og eg]/ k|dfl0ft ug{ cfjZos gkg{ ;S5 . #= tkfO{+sf] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ Gofod08n -h'/L_ ;dIf x'g kfpg] clwsf/ 5, c¿ ;a} d'2f o;/L eP klg gfaflnudfly ul/Psf] b'Jo{jxf/sf] d'2fx¿sf] ;'g'jfO{ Gofod08n a]u/ g} ul/G5 . olb tkfO{+sf] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ Gofod08n;dIf x'g] xsbf/ x'g'x'G5 eg] t} klg tkfO{+n] lgoddf eg]sf] ;do– ;Ldfleq ;'g'jfO{sf nflu dfu ug{ kfpg'x'G5 jf tkfO{+n] of] clwsf/ u'dfpg' x'g]5 . tyflk tkfO{+n] tkfO{+sf] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ Gofod08n;dIf x'g] xs u'dfpg'eof] eg] tkfO{+n] tkfO{+sf] of] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{sf nflu cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . of] cj:yfdf tkfO{+sf] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ Gofod08n a]u/ g} x'g]5 . $= olb tkfO{+n] cfkm"nfO{ bf]ifL jf k|ltjfb gug]{ blnn ug]{ ljrf/ ug{'eof] eg] klg cfˆgf] d'2fsf] sfjf{xLsf oL ;a} k|lqmofx¿df cfˆgf] tkm{af6 jlsnnfO{ sfg'gL k|ltlglwTj u/fpg ;Sg] tkfO{+sf] clwsf/ 5 . %= olb tkfO{+ h]n hfg] kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ub}{ x'g'x'G5, / tkfO{+n] cfˆgf] d'2fsf nflu sfg'gL k|ltlglwTj u/fpg jlsn–vr{ a]xf]g{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf x'g'x'G5 eg] tkfO{+sf nflu dfq cbfntaf6 sfg'gL k|ltlglwTj u/fpg jlsn v6fO kfpg] tkfO{+sf] clwsf/ 5 . ^= tkfO{+lj¿4sf ;fIfLx¿sf] ;fdgf ug]{ / tL ;fIfL;Fu lh/x ug{ kfpg] tkfO{+sf] clwsf/ 5 . &= tkfO{+nfO{ cfˆgf tkm{af6 ;fIfL pkl:yt u/fpg] / olb cfjZos k5{ eg] pkl:yt x'g grfxg] ;fIfLnfO{ ;Ddg k|lqmofdfkm{t cuf8L Nofpg clgjfo{ ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ 5 . *= tkfO{+nfO{ cfˆg} tkm{af6 k'li6 ug]{ -k|df0f k|:t't ug]{_ clwsf/ 5 . (= tkfO{+nfO{ gaf]nL a:g] / cfTdbf]iflj¿4 tkfO{+sf] ;+j}wflgs clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ 5 . tkfO{+n] of] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ lg0f{o ug{'eof] eg] kl5 uP/ cbfnt jf cleof]u jsLn;lxt s;}n] tkfO{+n] o;f] ug{ lnPsf] lg0f{odf l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . tkfO{+n] h] af]Ng'x'G5, tyflk Tof] tkfO{+ g} lj¿4 k|of]u x'g;S5 . !)= cGttM tkfO{+n] hdfgt kfpg] clwsf/ 5 .
eGb}gg\ . t/ nIf0fx?n] :ki6 kf5{ . k|x/Ln] cg'dlt–kq -nfO;]G;_ / cGo sfuhft dfUbf g} rfns na{/fPsf] kfOG5 . s;}sf uf8Ld} /S;L kfOG5 eg] /S;Lsf vfnL af]tn, 8Aaf klg km]nf k5{g\ . k|x/Ln] l;wf lxF8\g'xf];\ / 3'Dg'xf];\ eg]/ hfFR5g\ . Pp6f v'§fn] dfq pleg'xf];\ eG5g\ . t/ la/fdL, ^% jif{ s6]sf] / lgs} df]6f] dflg;df of] k/LIf0fsf] k/L0ffd ;xL cfpFb}g\ . dfgl;s jf zf/Ll/s k/LIf0faf6 dfq p;sf nflu yk sfjf{xL k|x/Ln] u5{g\ . k|x/Ln] u/fpg] k/LIf0f o:tf x'G5g\ M à s'g} j:t', h:tf] snd, cflbdf Psf]xf]/f] s]xLa]/ x]g]{ . o;af6 cfFvfsf] rfn yfxf x'G5 . à lxF8\g] / kmgSs 3'Dg] . o;af6 p cfkm" stf hfFb} 5' eGg] yfxf kfpF5 / dfgl;s Pj+ zf/Ll/s ;Gt'ngdf /x]/ kfOnf rfn]sf] 5 jf 5}g yfxf x'G5 . à Pp6f v'§fn] dfq pleg] . oLafx]s c? ;'wfl/Psf s]xL k/LIf0f klg 5g\ M à v'§fx? hf]8]/ pleg], 6fpsf] kl5lNt/ n}hfg], #) ;]s]G8 jf ;f]eGbf a9L cfFvf aGb ug]{ cflb x'g\ à xft nu]/ 6fpsf] k5f8L 5'g], gfssf] 6'Kkf] 5'g] . à xftsf cf}+nf 5f]P/ !, @, #, $, $, #, @, ! ub}{ uGtL ug]{ . à k|x/Ln] !% eGbf dflysf c+s lbG5g\ / pN6f] uGtL ug'{xf];\ klg eG5g\, h:tf] M ^) af6 pN6f] ug]/ @) k'¥ofpg'xf];\ .
$ @)!& h'nfO{, jif{ & c+s (&
n'Olhofgf (Louisiana)
d n'Olhofgf /fHo x'F . n'Olhofgf, cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f–k"jL{ /fHo xf] . n'Olhofgfsf] /fhwfgL Aof6g ?h (Baton Rouge) zx/ xf] . n'Olhofgfsf] 7"nf] zx/ eg] Go' cf]ln{oG; (New Orleans) xf] . n
n
n
n'OlhofgfnfO{ cd]l/sfn] ;g\ !*)# df k|mfG;af6 lsg]sf] xf] . n
n
n
n'Olhofgfsf] pQ/df csf{G; (Arkansas) /fHo, k"j{df ldl;l;kL (Missis-
sippi), blIf0fdf d]lS;sf] sf] vf8L (Gulf of Mexico), / klZrddf 6]S;; (Texas) /fHo 5g\ .
n
n
n
n'Olhofgf dfq cd]l/sfsf] Pp6f o:tf] /fHo xf], hxfF sfpG6L (county) geP/ Kofl/; (Parish) x'G5g\ . sfpG6L jf Kofl/; ;–;fgf efu x'g\ . o; /fHodf ^$ j6f Kofl/;x? 5g\ . n
n
n
n
n
n
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ ;8sdf ;ts{tf
n
of] cd]l/sfsf] #! cf}+ 7"nf] /fHo xf] . o;sf] If]qkmn %) xhf/ ju{ dfOn -! nfv #% xhf/ # ;o *@ ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 . n
oxfFsf] hg;+Vof $^ nfv *! xhf/ ^ ;o ^^ 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf /fHodf of] @% cf}+ xf] .
n
o; /fHosf] j]a;fO6 www. louisiana.gov xf] . n
n
n
o; /fHonfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf n]lvG5 .
LA
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 63 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 lq;6\7Lcf}+ ;"rL -efu ^#_ • data:
• dawn:
gfd– tYofÍ, lglb{i6, 8]6f, lg0f{osf nflu cfwf/e"t tYox¿, u0fsn] lqmof4f/f lgsfn]sf] tYo .
gfd– k|To"if, k|eft, ;a]/, ;vf/, piff, laxfgL, ef]/;, kmhL/, a]xfg, ld/ld/], lem;ld;, l/dl/d, cf/De, pbo, k|f/De . lqmof– pbfpg', km'g{', z'? ug'{, v'Ng', lg:sg' .
• date:
gfd– 5f]x/f -5f]s8f_, tfl/v, lbgfÍ, ldlt, ;do, sfn . lqmof– ldlt n]Vg', 36gfsf] ldlt tf]Sg', ldTofpg', e]6, ;dfudsf] ;do ldnfpg', vf; u/L k|0fo ug]{ hf]8fsf] . • daughter:
• day:
gfd– lbg, /f]h, lbj;, ltly, tfl/v, cj;/, cjlw, ljho, ;do, sfn, @$ 306f . • dead:
gfd– d[t, v'q'Ss, d/]sf], d[ts, gfd– 5f]/L, b'lxtf, k'qL, sGof . lg:tAwtf, lau|]sf], cToGt yfs]sf], ;Ggf6f, ;'g;fg . • David: ljz]if0f– lgik|f0f, lg:t]h, gfd– c+u|]hLdf k'?ifsf] gfd, k"/f, k"0f{, k|f0fxLg, aGb, a]sf/, 8]le8 -8]lj8_ .
;dfKt, d'bf{, c:ki6, ultxLg, l/St . • deaf:
ljz]if0f– alx/f], alw/ . • deal:
gfd– yf]s, y'k|f], sf/f]af/, laqmL, a]kf/, a]rlavg, s/f/, 7"nf], afF8, k|z:t, n]gb]g, Jofkf/, ;Demf}tf, ;xdlt . lqmof– atf{j ug{', afF8\g', ;Daf]wg ug{', sfd ug'{, lhDdfdf lng' . • dear:
gfd ÷ ljz]if0f– Kof/f], lk|o, ;fv, ax'd"No, dxf3{, dxFuf], df]nbf/, bfdL, rsf]{, lsdtL, d"Nojfg . qmdzM
;8s lgod kfngf ;lhnf] sfd xf] . t/ lgod pNn3+g u/] o;af6 x'g] cK7\of/f ;lhnf 5}gg\ . ;fdfGoeGbf ;fdfGo s'/f s] xf] eg] ;8sdf k|x/Ln] uf8L /f]s] eg] klxnf] t k|x/L;Fu 8/fpg' kb}{g . uNtL ePsf] 5}g eg] t emg} kb}{g . k|x/LnfO{ vt/f dx;'; x'g] jf l/; p7fpg] ultljlw ug'{ePg eg] cem 8/fpg' kb}{g . c+u|]hL af]Ng ;Sg'x'Gg eg] …gf] Oª\unLzÚ eg]/ cfkm"n] af]Ng] efiffsf] gfd atfpg ;lsG5, cflb cflb . sfg'gsf ;a} kIf a'‰g' cfddfG5]sf] Ifdtfaflx/sf] If]q xf] . xfdLn] ;8s lgod pNn3+g ubf{ x'g] ljifonfO{ p7fpg dfq vf]h]sf xf}+ . ;lhnf] kfngfnfO{ cK7\of/f]df ws]Ng] sfd ug'{eGbf ;ts{tf ckgfpg' ;xL xf]nf . lgod pNn3+gsf x/]s cj:yf km/s x'g] ePsfn] tkfO{+nfO{ cfOkg]{ ;d:of jf s'g} ljifodf tkfO{+n] Jofj;flos JolQmsf] k/fdz{ lng' cfjZos x'G5 . clg of] cIf/z sfg'g klg xf]Og . cIfl/sfsf] k|of; ;fdfGo ;ts{ u/fpg' dfq xf] . wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com