gful/stf lng] k/LIffsf] k|Zg g+= $& sf] gofF hjfkm gofF ;efd'vsf] rog, GofG;L knf];LnfO{ lhDd]jf/L
USCIS.gov
@)!( hgj/L jif{ ( c+s !!%
cd]l/sfsf] gful/stf lnFbf lbg'kg]{ k/LIffsf] tof/L k':tssf] k|Zg g+= $& (What is inside ?) sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] 5 . gful/stf k':tssf] k|Zg $&===! k|ltlglw–;efnfO{ c+u|]hLdf (Civic test book Q.N. 47) xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\
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(House of Representatives)
elgG5 . o;sf cWoIf jf d x'FM gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf /fHo====$ ;efd'v ablng'ePsfn] pSt (I am the state of North Carolina) k|Zgsf] hjfkm ablnPsf] xf] . rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb &*==========$ of] k|Zg o:tf] 5M (Most common Eng. words 78)
k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf $&= k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\_ sf cWoIf jf ;efd'vsf] gfd s] xf] < à GofG;L knf];L à -GofG;L_ knf];L
k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf 47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? - Nancy Pelosi - (Nancy) Pelosi
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https://history.house.gov/ and uscis.gov
@)!( hgj/L, jif{ ( c+s !!%
GofG;L knf];L ÷ knf];L cWoIf dxf]bof knf];LM 5f]6f] kl/ro xfnsf k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\_ sf cWoIf jf ;efd'v GofG;L knf];L x'g'x'G5 . GofG;Lsf] hGd ;g\ !($) dfr{ @^ df ePsf] xf] . pxfFsf] k"/f gfd GofG;L Kofl6«l;of 8L cn]ShfG8«f] knf];L (Nancy Patricia D’Alesandro Pelosi ) xf] . pxfF !!^ cf}+ xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\sf cWoIf jf ;efd'v x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] ;efd'vsf] kb ;g\ @)!( hgj/L # df ;DxfNg' ePsf] xf] . pxfF o;cl3 ;g\ @))& hgj/L $ b]lv ;g\ @)!! hgj/L # ;Dd ;f]xL kbdf x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn] Soflnkmf]lg{of /fHosf] afx|f}+ s+u|];gn l8l:6«S6sf tkm{af6 tLg bzseGbf a9L xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\df k|ltlglwTj ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . cWoIf jf ;efd'vsf ¿kdf xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\df ;efkltsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'x'G5 / pxfFn] pSt ;bgdf ax'dt /x]sf] /fhgLlts bn 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{sf] g]Q[Tj ug{'x'G5 . al/otfsf qmd x]bf{ /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltkl5 cWoIf jf ;efd'v cfpF5, o;sf] cy{ olb /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt b'j} kbdf g/xg] cj:yf cfPdf ;efd'vn] /fi6«kltsf] sfd ;DxfNg'x'G5 .
abln/xg] k|Zg / pQ/x¿ gful/stf kl/Iffsf nflu tof/L kfl/Psf] k':tssf] cGTodf l6Kk0fLsf ?kdf elgPsf] 5, …o; lstfadf ePsf hfgsf/Lx¿ r'gfj tyf kb axfnLx?sf sf/0f km]l/g ;S5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fHo gful/stf tyf cWofudg ljefu (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; USCIS) n] ;do– ;dodf o; 5fkfnfO{ cBfjlws ug{ x/k|of; ul//xg]5 .Ú r'gfj tyf kb axfnL eGgfn] /fi6«klt lgjf{rgkl5 /fi6«klt (president) kb tyf pk/fi6«klt (vice president) kbsf] axfnL, ;/sf/åf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfgGofofwLzsf] lgo'lSt, k|wfgGofofwLz;Fu} ;jf]{Rrsf GofofwLzx?sf] ;+Vof, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt l;g]6/ (senator) tyf k|ltlglw–;ef ;b:o, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf ueg{/ (governor) sf] x'g'x'G5 eGg] h:tf k|Zg tyf tL k|Zgsf hjfkmx? k5{g\ . ••••••••••••
cIfl/sfn] klg cWofudg ljefu
(USCIS)
n] lbg] gofF hfgsf/L cBfjlws ug]{5 .
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;+of]ufGt, t/ cfFvf /;fpg] n]vg /d]z lbofnLsf] pkGof; Ú5fk|f] gDa/ %%Ú yf]/} e"6fg, w]/} g]kfnsf] ky/L z/0ffyL{ lzlj/, a]n8fFuL, cfDbf c:ktfn, pkrf/sf nflu ef/t, clg s]xL cd]l/sf x'Fb} Pp6L blnt lszf]/Lsf] j/k/ 3'ld/x]sf] syf xf] . l;+uf] pkGof; lzlj/sf] si6s/ hLjg, hftLo lje]b cflbdf 3'D5 . k"/} k9\g'eof] eg] o;n] a]nf– a]nf ¿jfpF5 . t/ k9\g yfn]kl5 g6'Ë\ofO 5f8\g} ;Sg' klg x'Gg . lbofnL gofF n]vs x'g\, / b'O6f ;]S6/sf 5fk|f] gDa/ %% pgsf] of] klxnf] pkGof;, df a:g] b'O{ dflg; ;+of]un] klxnf] s[lt klg xf] . syfdf hf]l8g k'U5g\ . ;do;Fu} pkGof;sf] efiff ;/n / dL7f] syfdf ljof]u x'G5 . t/ syf 5, sxLst} t/ Psbd} sd ;lsFbf ;+of]ufGt x'G5 . clg cK7\of/f zAb e]l6G5g\ . kf7sn] 9'Ssn] ;f; km]5{g\ .
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syf u+uf bdfO{;Fu} cl3 a9\5 . ;fg}df cfdf u'dfPsL, afa'n] kfn]sL . /f]uL afa' z/0ffyL{sf] /f;g kfpF5g\ / ;fgf]ltgf] n'uf l;nfpg] sfd u5{g\ . u+uf :s"n hflG5g\ . u+ufsf] e]6 b]j eGg] s]6f];Fu x'G5 . dfof a:5 . lzlj/df lbg] /f;g kof{Kt gx'g] ePsfn] dfG5]x? aflx/ sfd ug{ hfg] uy]{ . b]j klg afun'ª hfG5 . p;sf] va/ cfpFb}g . of] ljof]udf csf]{ kfq cfpF5 . pSt kfq /xFb}g . afa' klg laT5g\ . k'gjf{;df dfG5] hfg] qmd hf/L /x]sf a]nf pgL klg hfg] jf ghfg] eg]/ bf]wf/df /xlG5g\ . s]xL nfUb}g, hfg] lg0f{o ul5{g\ / cd]l/sf cfpFl5g\ .
lzlj/s} ;Demgf
cfunfuLn] 5fk|f hn]sf, x'/Ln] p8fPsf, /]l8of]df g]kfnL uLt aHg], pmg sfTg]
sfd, /fdfo0f k9\g], lax]sf] hUu], k"hfkf7, /f;gsf] nfOg, sIffsf]7faflx/ 3fddf k9\g] :s"n], s]6fs]6Lsf] jgef]h, rKknsf] lkmQf r'l9g], l/S;fdf em'l08P/ 6f9f;Dd k'Ug] s]6fs]6Lx?, lkknsf] ?v, cfDbf c:ktfnsf] e/, clg Tof] cfDbf uGxfPsf 36gf cflbn] ToxL df6f]sf] ;'uGw lbG5 . pt} k'¥ofpF5 . lax]df Znf]s -l;nf]s_ e6\ofPsf] k|;+u /dfOnf] 5, …laxfg} / a]n'sf hn'sfsf] ltpg, d]/f dfOtL b'MvL lyP, s] sf] bfOhf] lbpmg ==Ú, …ufO{ rg{ uP dy'/f jgdf, s] s] x'G5 yfxf 5}g dgdf .Ú hfteftdf e]befjsf s'/f kfgL yfKg hfFbf em]Ng] u+ufn] slt dfG5]af6 5f]/LnfO{ em}+ dfof kfPsL 5g\ . sf]xL dfG5] hfteGbf dfly b]lvG5g\, sf]xL
/;ftndf . ef]Ug]sf nflu oL 36gf gf}nf gnfUg ;S5g\ . t/ zAb laemfpF5g\, dg af/Daf/ eSsflgG5 .
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lbofnLn] pkGof;df w]/} kfqx?df jf:tljs dflg;df ptf/]sf 5g\ . laDjx?sf] k|of]u af/Daf/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;fFrf] n]v]/ kf7sk|lt Gofo u/]s} b]lvG5 . sxLFsxLF pgn] 36gfsf s]xL j0f{g kl5 ugf{n] kf7sn], …P, o;f] ul/lbPsf] eP x'GYof] lg ÛÚ eGg] h:tf] nfU5 . Pp6f kfqnfO{ pkrf/ ug{ l;lnu'8Laf6 /]ndf a}+ª\Unf]/ nluG5 . kf7snfO{ hfFbf ofqf ;do slt nfUof] xf]nf < eGg] eO/fv]sf] x'G5 . t/ lkmbf{ dfq ;do n]v]sfn], …xf]Og, of] ;do t hfFbf n]Vof eP x'GYof] lg ÛÚ h:tf] eg] nfUbf] /x]5 . o:tf a]d]n !–@ 7fpFdf e]l6G5g\ .
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o;sf] k|sfzg d~h/L klAns]zg, sf7df8f}+n] u/]sf] xf] . /+uLg cfj/0f 6fOD; lqmozg, sf7df8f}+n] ;hfPsf] 5 . ;f]x| -!^_ cWofodf afFl9Psf] pkGof;sf] d"No g]= ¿= #!% 5 . k':ts PDofhgdf klg 5, / d"No @) 8n/ . @#@±$ k[i7df n]vssf] @ k[i7 dGtJo dfq 5 . afFsL syf 5 . cfkm" dlxnf eP/ cfˆg} syf n]v]sf] eg]sf 5g\, n]vsn] . dGtJosf] cGtdf 5, …of] pkGof; ca tkfO{+ kf7ssf] eof] . df/] kfk, kfn] k'0o .Ú pgn] dlxnf kfqnfO{ Gofo u/]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] kfn] k'0o g} x'g] b]lvG5 .
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gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf (North Carolina)
pQ/df elh{lgof (Virginia) /fHox?, / k"j{df cfGw| dxf;fu/ (Atlantic Ocean) 5 . n
d gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf /fHo x'F . gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf, blIf0f–k"jL{ /fHo xf] . gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] /fhwfgL ¥ofnL (Raleigh) / 7"nf] zx/ ;fnf]{6 (Charlotte) xf] . n
n
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gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] blIf0fdf ;fpy Sof/f]nfOgf (South Carolina) tyf hlh{of (Georgia), klZrddf 6]g];L (Tennessee),
n
n
o;nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf n]lvG5 . n
n
NC
n
gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] ;/sf/L j]a;fO6 www.nc.gov xf] . n
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gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf !)) -Ps ;o_ j6f sfpG6L (county) 5g\ . n
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cd]l/sfsf] @* cf}+ 7"nf] /fHo xf], h;sf] If]qkmn %# xhf/ * ;o !( ju{ dfOn -! nfv #( xhf/ # ;o () ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 . n
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o; /fHosf] hg;+Vof sl/a ! s/f]8 # nfv *# xhf/ ^ ;o @) 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf /fHodWo] of] ( cf}+ xf] . n
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gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf ;g\ !&*( gf]e]Da/ @! df cd]l/sfsf] ;+3Lo k|0ffnLdf ;fd]n ePsf] xf] .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 78 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 c7xQ/f}+ ;"rL -efu &*_ • display:
gfd– k|bz{g, b]vfj6L, t8se8s, k|bz{gL, k|sfzg . lqmof– k|bz{g ug{', t8se8s ug{', k|blz{t ug'{, k|s6 ug{', b]vfpg', lkmFhfpg' . • dispute:
gfd– ts/f/, ;+zo, ljjfb, unkmtL, uGhfuf]n, egfj}/L, emu8f, jfbljjfb, snx, egfeg, emd]nf, dte]b, ljrf/–ljdz{, ts{–ljts{, k|TofVofg . lqmof– k|TofVofg ug{', k|ltjfb ug'{, ljrf/–ljdz{ ug'{, ax; ug'{, z+sf p7fpg', lj/f]w ug'{, emu8f ug'{, ts{–ljts{ ug'{,
v08g ug'{, xf]Og eGg', egfeg b|ljt kfg'{ jf x'g', ltt/ljt/ ug'{ . kfg'{, ljR5]b ug'{, n'Kt x'g', • dissident: x/fpg', efjfj]zdf cfTd;+od gfd– leGg ljrf/ /fVg] JolQm, u'dfpg', -z+sf cflb_ ;dfwfg c;xdlt /fVg] JolQm, ljrf/ ug'{ . lj/f]wL JolQm . • distance: ljz]if0f– ljdt, 7:sfxf, gfd– b"/L, kmf;nf, km/s, cGt/, c;Gt'i6, leGg dt /fVg], ;do, b"/tf, e]b . c;xdt, dte]b, leGg lqmof– 6f9f /fVg', 6f9f kfg'{, dtfjnDaL, la/fhL . k5f8L kfg', x6fpg' . • dissolve:
• distant:
gfd– lj36g, ljno, lju7g . lqmof– /ofNg', tf]8\g', kmf]g'{, kufNg', kUng', 3f]Ng', x'F8Ng', kUng', ljlng x'g' jf kfg'{, lanfpg', lju7g÷lj37g ug'{, eª\u ug'{ jf x'g', cGTo ug'{,
ljz]if0f– 6f9fsf], pbf;Lg, b"/, ;'b"/, k[ys, b"/:y, b"/jtL{, c:ki6, ?vf, lgdl7Psf], cgfTdLo, s';fv, la/fgf], glhssf] gftf gePsf] . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
Pp6} k|Zgsf jl/kl/ gful/stfsf] k/LIffsf Ps ;o k|Zgsf] lstfaaf6 bz k|Zg ;f]lwG5 . bzdWo] ;fdfGotM 5 k|Zgsf] pQ/ 7Ls lbg'– k5{ . clg tkfO{+ pSt k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'g'x'G5 . ToxL bzdWo] o; c+sdf JofVof ul/Psf] Ps k|Zg ;f]lwof] / tkfO{+n] pQ/ lbg ;Sg'ePg eg] s] x'G5 < o;}n] xfdLn] ;+zf]wg eO/xg] o:tf k|ZgnfO{ k|sfzg ug]{ qmd hf/L /fv]sf 5f}+ . Pp6f pkGof; h;sf] rrf{ ug{ vf]lhP klg kof{Kt ePsf] 5}g . o:tf s[ltx¿n] Oltxf;sf] JofVof u5{g\ h:tf] nfU5 . o:t} ljifo / ljwfdf c? snd rn'g\ . s[ltx¿ cd/ ag'g\ . clxn]nfO{ oxL sfdgf Û wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Building Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com