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cd]l/sL gful/stf lng]
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k|lqmofdf lbg] k/LIffsf] ;|f]t k':tsdf ;+zf]wg ul/g] ePsf] 5 . of] k/LIffsf] sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] cd]l/sL gful/stf tyf cfk|jf; ;]jf ÷ o'P;l;cfOP;
;+zf]wg gof“ xf]Og o'P;l;cfOP;sf] :yfkgf ;g\ @))# df ePsf] xf] . To;cl3 cd]l/sL gful/stf tyf b]zLos/0f ;]jf (U.S.
(U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; USCIS)
o; c+sdf s] s] < (What is inside ?) à gful/stf k':ts ;+zf]wgtkm{=====! (Revision of Civic test book)
à l8eL lr6\7f kg]{df g]kfnL=========# (DV lottery winners’ Nepalese)
à d x'FM 6]g];L /fHo=======================$ (I am the state of Tennessee)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb *^==========$ (Most common Eng. words 86)
n] k|sflzt Ps lj1lKtdf hgfPsf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] gful/stf tyf cfk|jf; x]g]{ pSt lgsfon] of] ;+zf]wg ug]{ of]hgfsf] 3f]if0ff ;g\ @)!( h'nfO{ !( df u/]sf] xf] . o;sf nflu ;g\ @)!* l8;]Da/df Pp6f sfo{ ;d"x tof/ kfl/Psf] lyof] . of] bz jif{df ug{ nfluPsf] ;+zf]wg xf] . o'P;l;cfOP;sf tTsflng lgb]{zs Pn= k|mflG;; l;:gf -L. Francis Cissna_ n] ;g\ @)!( d] # df o;;DaGwL lg0f{odf x:tfIf/ ug{'ePsf] lyof] . slt ;do nfU5 geg]
cfk|jf; tyf gful/stf P]gsf] wf/f #!@ n] gful/stf lng c+u|]hL tyf gful/szf:qsf cfjZostf k"/f ug{ clgjfo{ u/]sf] 5 . pSt P]gn] gful/stf lng kfpg] / rfxg] JolQm c+u|]hL zAbx¿ k9\g], n]Vg] / af]Ng];lxt c+u|]hL efiff a'‰g] x'g'k5{ / cfwf/e"t cd]l/sL Oltxf; tyf ;/sf/sf] l;4fGt tyf :j¿ksf] 1fg ePsf] x'g'k5{ eg]sf] 5 .
Immigration and Naturalization Services; INS) n] o;sf]
sfd uYof]{ . cfOPgP;n] ;g\ !((& df ;+zf]wg k|lqmof yfn]/ ;g\ @))) df ;+zf]lwt ;+:s/0f lgsfn]sf] lyof] . cfOPgP;sf] lj36gkl5 o'P;l;cfOP;sf] :yfkgf ePkl5 o'P;l;cfOP;n] ;g\ @))* df kl5Nnf] ;+zf]wg u/]sf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)!* df & nfv %& xhf/n] cd]l/sL gful/stf lnPsf x'g\, h'g of] kfFr jif{sf] ;a}eGbf w]/} xf] . af“sL k[i7 @ df
@
gful/stf kfpg] ljlw l8eL lr¶f k/]sf] jf z/0ffyL{sf ?kdf cd]l/sf cfPsf] jf NofOPsf] dflg; l;w}+ gful/s x'Fb}g . oL b'O{ ljlw sfg'gL x'g\ . of] ljlwn] z'?df …lu|gsf8{Ú (Green Card) lbnfOG5, h;nfO{ :yfoL afl;Gbfsf] k|df0f–kq -lkcf/_ elgG5 . oxL k|df0f–kqn] cd]l/sfdf sfd ug]{ / a:g] clwsf/ lbG5 . gful/s x'g p;n] lu|gsf8{ kfPsf] kf“r jif{ s'g'{k5{ . gful/stf kfpg cfj]bg lbPkl5 k/LIffdf pQL0f{ ePkl5 zky ln+b} oxf“sf] gful/s aGg ;lsG5 . gful/stf kfpg] of]Uotf ePsf JolStn] sl/a @) k[i7sf] Pg– $)) (N-400) gfds kmf/d eg'{k5{ . o;afkt nfUg] z'Ns a'emfpg'k5{ . cfj]bs lgod–sfg'gdf a;]sf] yfxf ePkl5 kmf]6f] lvRg / xftsf cf}+nfsf 5fk lng af]nfOG5 . To;kl5 df}lvs k/LIffdf ;xefuL x'g] kq cfp“5 . k/LIff pQL0f{ ePkl5 zky vfg'k5{ . o;} a]nf tkfO{sf] lu|gsf8{ lkmtf{ nluG5 / tkfO{{nfO{ gful/stfsf]
u5{ . To:t} j]a;fO6d} k|Zg / pQ/x? ;'Gg–ldN5 . leGg} ;'Gg–ldNg] l;8L (Audio CD) klg pknAw u/fpF5 . v]n]/ k9\gsf nflu kftf– kftfdf Psfkl§ k|Zg / csf]{kl§ pQ/ klg cfˆgf] j]a;fO6df /fv]sf] ;fdu|L kfOG5 . of] gful/szf:qsf] k/LIff df}lvs k/LIff xf] . o'P;l;cfOP;sf
x'g\, h'g of] % jif{sf] ;a}eGbf w]/} xf] . pSt k/LIff pQL0f{ x'g]sf] k|ltzt sl/a () 5 .
k|df0fkq lbOG5 . gful/stf kfPkl5 tkfO{ cd]l/sL /fxbfgL (Passport) kfpgsf nflu of]Uo x'g'x'G5 . o;sf nflu 5'§} lgj]bg / z'Ns a'emfpg'k5{ . b]zLs/0fsf] k/LIff gful/stfsf nflu lbOg] jf lnOg] pQm k/LIffnfO{ c+u|]hLdf g]r/nfOh];g 6]:6 (naturalization test) elgG5 . o;sf] ;|f]t k':tsdf Ps ;o j6f -Oltxf;, e"uf]n, ;dfh, ;+s]t ÷ lrXg, labfx? / ;/sf/;DaGwL_ k|Zg 5g\ . o'P;l;cfOP;n] oxL k':tssf] ;+zf]wg tof/L u/]sf] xf] . o:tf] k/LIff ;g\ !(*^ df NofOPsf] xf] . kl5Nnf jif{x?df pSt k/LIff pQL0f{ x'g]sf] k|ltzt sl/a () 5 . o'P;l;cfOP;n] tL k|Zg / pQ/x? ljleGg tl/sfn] pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . pSt lgsfon] of] ;fdu|LnfO{ ljleGg :j?kdf cfˆgf] j]a;fO6df /fVg] u/]sf] 5 . pSt ;fdu|Lsf] k':ts k|sflzt
Ps ;o k|Zgx¿ g]kfnLdf pNyf ul/Psf] cIfl/sfsf] c+s !)) / To;kl5 ;+zf]wg ePsf] k|Zg ;d]6]sf] c+s !!% . gful/stfsf nflu lbOg] jf lnOg] pQm k/LIff -g]r/nfOh];g 6]:6_ sf] ;+zf]wg gcfP;Dd dfly tl:a/ lbPsf c+sx¿ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . clwsf/Ln] k/LIffyL{nfO{ oxfFsf Ps ;odWo] !) k|Zg ;f]W5g\ . gful/stfsf cfj]bsn] !) dWo] ^ k|Zgsf] ;xL pQ/ lbg'k5{ . gful/szf:qsf] k/LIffsf ;fydf c+u|]hL–efiffsf] klg k/LIff x'G5 . efiff–k/LIff s]xL af]n]/ / s]xL n]v]/ lbg'k5{ . ^% jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L pd]/sf jf :yfoL jfl;Gbfsf ?kdf cd]l/sfdf a;]sf] @) jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L a;]sf JolQmn] * of] lrGx ePsf k|Zg–pQ/dfq k9] k'U5 . of] k|lqmofdf x'g] kl/jt{g klg pSt ;+zf]wg;Fu} cfpg;S5g\ .
@)!( ;]K6]Da/, jif{ !) c+s !@#
P]g s] eG5 < cfk|jf; tyf gful/stf P]g (Immigration and Nationality Act; INA) sf] wf/f #!@ n] gful/stf lng c+u|]hL tyf gful/szf:qsf cfjZostf k"/f gful/stf lng] k/LIff ;g\ !(*^ df NofOPsf] xf] . ug{ clgjfo{ u/]sf] 5 . cd] l/sL gful/stf tyf pSt P]gn] gful/stf lng b] z Los/0f ;]jf -cfOPgP;_ kfpg] / rfxg] JolQm lj36gkl5 o'P;l;cfOP;sf] c+u|]hL zAbx¿ k9\g], n]Vg] / :yfkgf ;g\ @))# df ePsf] af]Ng];lxt c+u|]hL efiff a'‰g] xf] . o'P;l;cfOP;n] ;g\ x'g'k5{ / cfwf/e"t cd]l/sL @))* df kl5Nnf] ;+zf]wg Oltxf; tyf ;/sf/sf] l;4fGt u/]sf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)!* tyf :j¿ksf] 1fg ePsf] df & nfv %& xhf/n] x'g'k5{ eg]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL gful/stf lnPsf
@)!( ;]K6]Da/, jif{ !) c+s !@#
#
l8eL lr6\7f @)@) kg]{ g]kfnL kfFrf}+ ;g\ @)@) sf] cd]l/sfsf] l8eL lr¶f kg]{df g]kfn kfFrf}+ ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqfno -:6]6 l8kf6{d]G6_ sf] le;f a'n]l6g @)@) cu:t c+s cg';f/ g]kfnsf # xhf/ ^ ;o (^ nfO{ l8eL k/]sf] 5 . pgLx¿ klxnf] kq kfpg] x'g\ . 5fGg] k|lqmofsf ;a} dfkb08 k"/f x'g] dfq cd]l/sf cfpg kfpg] x'g\ . g]kfneGbf w]/} OlhK6 -%,%^*_, /l;of -%,!!*_, k|hftflGqs s+uf] -$,&$#_, / O/fg -$,!)!_ 5g\ . l8eL lr6\7fsf] cf/De ;g\ !(() df sfg'g NofPkl5 l8eL lr¶fsf] ;'¿jft ;g\ !((% df ePsf] xf] . t/ g]kfnLn] l8eL lr¶f eg{ yfn]sf] clnkl5 xf] . jif{sf] %)–%% xhf/ o;} dfWodaf6 ;w}+sf nflu cd]l/sf cfpg kfpF5g\ . lr6\7f eg{ gkfpg] b]zx¿ ;g\ @)@) sf] l8eL eg{ gkfPsf b]zsf gful/s x'g\M a+unfb]z, a|flhn, Sofg8f -d'Vo e"–efudf hGd]sf_, sf]nlDaof, 8f]ldlgsg l/klAns, Pn ;fNef8f]/, x}6L, ef/t, hdfOsf, d]lS;sf], gfOh]l/of, kfls:tfg, k]¿, lkmlnlkG;, blIf0f sf]l/of, ;+o'Qm clw/fHo -cfo/Nof08afx]s_, / o;df lge{/ e"–efu, / leotgfd . slxn] cfj]bg el/Psf] lyof] < ;g\ @)!* cS6f]a/ # b]lv gf]e]Da/ ^ ;Ddsf] #$ lbgsf nflu vf]lnPsf] cfj]bg ;dodf s"n ! s/f]8 $& nfv @@
;lhn} km]nf kfg{ ;lsG5 . l8eL eg{] JolSt cfkm" s'g} ljz]if1 x'g'k5{ eGg] 5}g . o;sf nflu k};f ltg'{kb}{g . lr6\7f csf]{ jif{ eg{ ;lsG5 Ps jif{ gk/] csf]{ jif{ klg l8eL k/]/ cd]l/sf cfpg' p;n] eg{ kfp“5 . s'g} Ps eg]sf] p;n] oxf“ sfd JolStn] Ps jif{df lr¶f hlt ug]{ / a:g] clwsf/ kfpg' k6s klg eg{;S5 . PseGbf xf] . of] clwsf/ kfpg] JolSt a9L k6s e/]kl5 /2 x'g / kl/jf/nfO{ cd]l/sfsf] ;S5 . t/ cd]l/sfn] s"n …lu|gsf8{Ú k|bfg ul/g] xf] . lr¶fsf] sl/a & k|ltzteGbf a9L le;f Pp6} d'n'ssf xhf/ & ;o (* lgj]bg uNtL gful/ssf nflu g5'6\ofOg gu/L el/Psf] kfOPsf lyP . ;S5 . o;df 5flgPsf dflg;n] cd]l/sf cfPkl5 s] x'G5 < cS6f]a/ !, @)!( b]lv l8eL k/]/ cd]l/sf cfpg' ;]K6]Da/ #), @)@) ;Dddf eg]sf] p;n] oxf“ sfd cd]l/sf cfpg] le;f kfpg] ug]{ / a:g] clwsf/ kfpg' 5g\ . xf] . of] clwsf/ kfpg] JolSt l8eL lr¶f cd]l/sf cfpg] / / kl/jf/nfO{ cd]l/sfsf] afFsL hLjg oxf Joltt ug{ …lu|gsf8{Ú k|bfg ul/g] xf] . rfxg]sf nflu ;aeGbf ;lhnf] lu|gsf8{ kfPsf] JolSt oxf“sf] tyf ;Ddflgt pkfo xf] . l8eL sfg'gL jfl;Gbf xf] . kg]{ lalQs} cd]l/sf cfpg eg] lu|gsf8{ kfpg' eg]sf] oxf“sf] kfOg] xf]Og . lr¶f k/]kl5sf gful/s x'g' xf]Og . gful/s k|lqmof 5g\, km:6{ n]6/, ;]s]G8 x'g p;n] lu|gsf8{ kfPsf] kf“r n]6/, cGtjf{tf{, :jf:Yo–k/LIf0f jif{ s'g'{k5{ . cflb . t/ ;]s]G8 n]6/kl5 lgod, sfg'gleq a;]sf] 5 cGtjf{tf{df hfFbf ug{'kg]{ tof/L, eg] p;n] gful/stf kfpg clg cGtjf{tf{kl5 xftdf le;f cfj]bg lbg'k5{ . Pp6f gk¿Gh]n cd]l/sf cfpg] kl/Iffdf ;xefuL x'g'k5{ . Uof/]G6L kSs} x'Gg . k/LIff pQL0f{ ePkl5 zky l8eL eg{ ;lhnf] 5 . yf]/} ln+b} oxf“sf] gful/s aGg Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]{ rfxL ;lsG5 . kmf]6f]df xf] . cd]l/sfn] lu|gsf8{sf] ;fdfGotM bz gful/s:t/df rfxg] ;a} tYo, jif]{ Dofb x'G5 . lu|gsf8{ tYof+s, hfgsf/L Psbd kfPsf] JolStn] o;nfO{ kf/bzL{ /fv]sf] kfOG5 . l8eL gljs/0f ub}{ a:g ;S5 . eg]{ ;a} k|lqmof / hfgsf/L gful/stf lng' / glng' p;sf] klg ;/sf/sf j]a;fO6x¿df OR5f xf] .
cd]l/sfdf ;aeGbf w]/} ;do /fi6«klt /xg] sf] x'g'x'GYof] <
$ @)!( ;]K6]Da/, jif{ !) c+s !@#
6]g];L
(Tennessee)
d 6]g];L cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f–k"jL{ /fHo x'F . n
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6]g];Lsf] /fhwfgL, clg 7"nf] zx/ Gofzlen (Nashville) xf] . n
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6]g];LnfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf n]lvG5 . n
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6]g];Lsf] j]a;fO6 TN.gov xf] . n
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6]g];Lsf] ;Ldfn] * /fHo 5f]Psf] 5 . ;aeGbf w]/} /fHo 5'g] ldh'/L / 6]g];L x'g\ . n
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6]g];Lsf] pQ/df s]G6sL (Kentucky) tyf elh{lgof (Virginia), k"j{df gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf (North Carolina), blIf0fdf tLg /fHoM hlh{of (Georgia), cnfafdf (Alabama) tyf ldl;l;kL (Mississippi), klZrddf ldl;l;kL gbL;Fu} cfsf{G; (Arkansas) tyf ldh'/L (Missouri) 5g\ .
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6]g];Lsf] hg;+Vof sl/a ^* nfv ## xhf/ & ;o (# 5 . hg;+Vofdf !^ cf}+ /fHo xf] . n
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6]g];L ;g\ !&(^ h"g ! df cd]l/sfsf] !^ cf}+ /fHo ag]sf] xf] . n
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6]g];Lsf] pkgfd :jo+;]js /fHo (Volunteer State) xf] .
6]g];Ldf (% j6f sfpG6L (county) 5g\ . n
of] #^ cf}+ 7"nf] /fHo xf], h;sf] If]qkmn sl/a $@ xhf/ ! ;o $# ju{ dfOn -! nfv ( xhf/ @ ;o $& ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 .
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gfd– ;'Svf, ;'s]sf], gL/;, km';|f], a'a'{/], la/l;nf], hnz"Go, ?vf], c/f]rs, c?lrs/, lgb"{Uw, yf/L, dBlgif]lwt, as]g'{, cf]efgf], km'sf], a'u'N6f], z'is, lg:tf], v/f], lagf JofVofsf], lagf lj:tf/sf] . lqmof– ;'sfpg', ;'Sg', 3fp d;fª\lu|g', cf]nfpg', cf]afgf] kfg'{ jf x'g' . • duck:
gfd– xfF;, kfgLxfF;, hn]jf, lk|o, xfF;sf] df;', lqms]6 v]ndf z"Go, v;|f] afSnf] sk8f, sfsfs'n, 8'asL . lqmof– kfgLleq 6fpsf] 8'afpg',
8'Ag', lz/ lgx'/fpg', lgx'l/g', kl/xf/ ug'{, 6fg'{, aRg', 3':g', lgx'/]/ k:g', 5Ng' .
6ns gePsf], e"Q], dlng, jfSsnfUbf], cgfsif{s, p/fl7nf], wldnf], a'4", k+u', • due: c/l;nf], n7'jf, Ujf+u|], ca"em, gfd– lt/f], lbg'kg]{ s'/f, e'Qmfg, xf];NofË, lgliqmo, lgik|e, b}b:t"/, lt/f]tf/f] . pT;fxxLg, lgb|fnfUbf], gnfUg] . ljz]if0f– plrt, pko'St, lkmtf{ lqmof– dGb x'g' jf ug'{kg]{, :jLs[t, d'gfl;a, ltg'{kg]{, agfpg', gnfUg]÷e'Q] kfg{', lbg'kg]{, ck]lIft, tf]lsPsf] . wldnf]÷c:ki6 x'g', b'vfOsf] lqmof–ljz]if0f– 7Ls . dx;"; sd x'g', c?lrs/ x'g' • due to: jf kfg'{, cgfsif{s t'Nofpg' . ljz]if0f– n] ubf{, sf/0faf6 . qmdzM • dug:
gfd– sNrf}+8f], kmfFrf], :tg, y'g . lqmof– vGg' (dig) sf] e"tsfn . • dull:
ljz]if0f– dGb, gL/;, d"9, h8,
k[i7 # sf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ o|fª\slng 8L= ?ha]N6 (Franklin D. Roosevelt), #
sfo{sfn a9L ;do /xg'eof] .
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ gful/stfsf] af6f] klxn] :yfoL afl;Gbfsf] k|df0fkq -lu|gsf8{_ . lu|gsf8{ lnPsf] kfFr jif{df gful/stf lng kfOg] . of] cd]l/sL gful/s x'g] af6f] . gful/stf lng k9\g'– kg]{ lgod . :jf:Yo cj:yf -dfgl;s jf zf/Ll/s_, pd]/ jf s]xL cj:yfafx]s, w]/}h;f]n] s]xL df}lvs, Ps jfSo–n]vg, s]xL af]Ng'kg]{ t x'G5 g} . clxn] cfP/ gful/stf lng k9\g'kg]{ lstfasf] ;+zf]wg x'g nfu]sf] 5 . of] s:tf] xf]nf yfxf 5}g . h;n] gful/stfsf nflu k/LIff lbg'kg]{ x'G5, s] pxfFx¿ of] ;+zf]wgsf nflu tof/ x'g'x'G5 t < cflv/ tof/ geP/ s] ug]{ < csf]{ ljsNk klg t 5}g lg Û To;}n] ;+zf]lwt k':ts gcfP;Dd w}o{ u/f}+ . wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Building Community of NH, 510 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com