@)@) hgj/L jif{ !) c+s !@&
à à à
cd]l/sL hgu0fgf–@)@) xfd|f] bfloTj s] xf] < cd]l/sfdf ;g\ @)@) df
hgu0fgf x'Fb}5 . pSt hgu0fgfn] cd]l/sfdf a:g] ;a}sf] u0fgf u5{ . hgu0fgf eg]sf] s] xf] < hgu0fgf eg]sf] Psf3/– kl/jf/ / To;df a:g] dflg;af/] cfwf/e"t hfgsf/L ;f]Wg] ;fgf] k|ZgfjnL xf] . pQ/bftfsf JolQmut hjfkm uf]Ko x'G5g\ / cWofudg clwsf/Lx¿, k|x/L jf cfjf;;DaGwL clwsf/L;lxt cGo ;/sf/L clwsf/LnfO{ lbg ;lsFb}g . ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts ¿kdf k|ltlglwTjsf] afF8– kmfF8 / ;+;fwg sxfF vr{ ug]{ eGg] lgwf{/0f ug{ hg;+Vofsf] u0fgfnfO{ k|of]u u5{ . s;/L efu lng] < o; c+sdf s] s] < dfr{ @)@) df, hgu0fgf (What is inside ?) ljefun] 3/–kl/jf/x¿nfO{ hgu0fgf @)@) df ;xeflutf===! hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g (Participation in census 2020) lgdGq0ff ub}{ x'nfsdfkm{t d x'FM elh{lgof /fHo=================$ hfgsf/L k7fpg]5 . hg– (I am the state of Virginia) u0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g] tLg rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb ()==========$ tl/sf 5g\M (Most common Eng. words 90)
cfkm}+n] OG6/g]6af6 hjfkm lbg] kmf/fd pknAw x'g]5g\ . kmf]gM hgu0fgf k|ZgfjnL ;xfotfsf] kmf]gdf kmf]g u/]/ k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg / kmf]gaf6 g} hgu0fgfsf hjfkm lbg ;lsG5 . o:tf kmf]g nfOg hgj/Ld} v'nf x'g]5g\ . c+u|]hL efiffnufot cgnfOgM ;aeGbf klxn] cgnf– lrlgofF -dG8fl/g, SofG6f]lgh_, Ogdf cfˆgf] hgu0fgf kmf/fd hfkfgL, sf]l/ofnL, tfufnf]u eg{ ;lsG5 . clwsf+z 3/– / leotgfdL;lxtsf !@ cGo kl/jf/n] cgnfOgdf hjfkm efiffdf kmf]gdfkm{t ;xfotf lng] lbg 3/sf] leGb} lsl;dsf] Joj:yf 5 . cfO8L / hgu0fgf ljefusf] kmf]gstf{n] hgu0fgfaf/] yk cflwsfl/s j]a;fO6 7]ufgf hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{, k|Zg ;f]Wg ePsf] lgdGq0ff–kq k|fKt / kmf]gaf6 hgu0fgf kmf/fddf ug{'x'g]5 . hjfkm lbg hgu0fgf ljefun] c+u|]hLafx]s lrlgofF x/]s efiffdf pknAw u/fPsf] -;/nLs[t_, hfkfgL, sf]l/ofnL, lglZrt 6f]n k|mL -k};f gnfUg]_ tfufnu / leotgfdL;lxtsf kmf]g gDa/dfkm{t ug{ ;lsG5 . !@ j6f u}/–cË|]hL efiffdf sfuhM sfuhL kmf/fdaf6 hgu0fgfsf k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg ;lsG5 . s]xL 3/x¿df, cyf{t nueu % j6fdWo] Pp6f, 3/n] x'nfsdfkm{t klxnf] k6s hgu0fgf kmf/fd k|fKt ug]{5 t/ pSt kmf/fd rflxP af“sL k[i7 @ df hgu0fgf eg]sf] Psf3/–kl/jf/ / To;df a:g] dflg;af/] cfwf/e"t hfgsf/L ;f]Wg] ;fgf] k|ZgfjnL xf] . hjfkmx? uf]Ko /flvG5g\ .
@ @)@) hgj/L, jif{ !) c+s !@&
hgu0fgf k|ZgfjnL ;xfotf kmf]gdf kmf]g u/]/ cg'/f]w ug{ ;lsG5 . hgu0fgfsf] sfuhL kmf/fd cË|]hL / :k]lg; efiffdf dfq pknAw 5 . lsg efu lng] < lgikIf ¿kdf ;/sf/L ;fwg / ;|f]tx¿sf] kx'Fr clg k|ltlglwTj kfpgsf nflu cfkm" hgu0fgfdf ulgg'k5{ . hgu0fgfdf ulgof] eg] o:tf ljifodf d2t x'G5M à ;/sf/n] dxTjk"0f{ ;]jfx¿ h:t}M :s"n, k':tsfno, Go"g cfo ePsfnfO{ kf}li6s cfxf/ lsGgsf nflu km"8 :6\ofDk, tyf :jf:Yo–;]jf lbg * va{ 8n/eGbf Hofbf k};f oxL hgu0fgfdf k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df 5'6\ofpF5 . k|To]s !) jif{df Psk6s dfq hgu0fgf x'g] ePsfn], @)#) ;Dd k|To]s jif{ of] gf]S;fgL x'g]5, h;n] ubf{ ;du|df tkfO{+sf] ;d'bfonfO{ w]/} ;|f]tx¿sf] gf]S;fgL x'g]5 . hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g' eg]sf] tkfO{+n] ;+3Lo sf]ifaf6 k|fKt x'g] sf]ifsf] lx:;fsf] cfˆgf] ;d'bfosf nflu hfoh c+z bfaL ug{' xf] . à /fhgLlts k|ltlglwTj ug]{ l;6 ;+Vof lgwf{/0f ug{sf nflu klg hgu0fgf– af6 k|fKt tYofÍ k|of]u ul/G5 . s'g} If]qdf hlt w]/} dflg;sf] u0fgf x'G5, To; If]qsf nflu Tolt w]/} k|ltlglw x'G5g\ . slxn] s] x'G5 < hgu0fgfsf nflu ;g\ @)@) dfr{b]lv l8;]Da/;Dd o:tf] ;do–tflnsf 5M
;g\ @)@) sf] hgu0fgfdf lgsflnPsf] g]kfnL efiffsf] krL{ . à dfr{
!@–@)M of] cjlwdf hgu0fgf ljefun] ;a} 3/– kl/jf/nfO{ hgu0fgfdf cgnfOg s;/L ;xefuL x'g] eGg] ;fdu|Lx¿, cfˆgf] efiffdf ;xof]u lbg] >f]t– ;lxt x/]s 3/sf] 5'§f5'§} cfO8L;lxt x'nfsaf6 k7fpF5 . OG6/g]6df sd kx'Fr 5 eGg] z+sf nfu]sf @) k|ltzt hlt 3/kl/jf/– nfO{ hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL u/fpg sfuhsf] kmf/fd k7fpF5 . à dfr{ !^–@$M hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL gePsf 3/kl/– jf/nfO{ hgu0fgf ljefun] k'gM :d/0f–kq k7fpF5 . à dfr{ @^–clk|n #M hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL gePsf 3/kl/jf/nfO{ hgu0fgf ljefun] k'gM:d/0f kf]i6sf8{ k7fpF5 . à clk|n !, @)@)M of] cflwsfl/s ¿kdf @)@) hgu0fgf lbj; xf] . à clk|n *–!^M hgu0fgf ljefun] k'gM :d/0f kq / sfuhL kmf/fd k7fpg]5 . à clk|n @)–@&M hgu0fgf hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g' eg]sf] tkfO{+n] ;+3Lo sf]ifaf6 k|fKt x'g] sf]ifsf] lx:;fsf] cfˆgf] ;d'bfosf nflu hfoh c+z bfaL ug{' xf] .
ljefun] clGtd k6s k'gM :d/0f kf]:6sf8{ k7fpg]5 . à d] $M pSt ljefun] hg– u0fgfdf ;xefuL gePsfsf] klxrfg u5{ . à d]–h'nfO{M hgu0fgf kmf/fd lkmtf{ gu/]sf] / w]/} k|Zgsf] hjfkm glbPsf] 3/–kl/jf/ e]6\g ljefun] u0fsnfO{ k7fpF5 . hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'gsf nflu cgnfOg kmf/fd / hgu0fgf k|ZgfjnL ;xfotf nfOg cem};Dd klg pknAw
cgnfOgdf kmf/d eg]{ g]kfnL d"n /fi6« ePsf dflg;n] g]kfnL n]Vg] 7fp“ . o;} 7fp“ e"6fgL d"nsf g]kfnLn] e"6fgL / ad]{nL d"nsf g]kfnLn] ad]{nL n]Vg] xf] . x'G5 . à h'g–;]K6]Da/M
@)@) sf] hgu0fgf ubf{ ;d]6\g g;s]/ x'g k'u]sf] q'l6 -u0fgf ug{ 5'6]sf] dflg; jf PseGbf a9L k6s u0fgf ul/Psf]_ nfO{ dfkg ug{ hgu0fgf lnO;s] kl5sf] ;j]{If0f . à l8;]Da/ #!M x/]s /fHodf af“sL k[i7 # df
@)@) hgj/L, jif{ !) c+s !@&
#
;g\ @)!) sf] hgu0fgfsf] kl/0ffdaf/] cIfl/sf @)!! hgj/L ! sf] c+s .
/fi6«kltn] ljt/0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu /fi6«kltnfO{ /fHosf] s'n hg;+Vof l/kf]6{ ug{ pSt ljefusf nflu clGtd ldlt . g]kfnL slt < ;g\ @)!) sf] cd]l/sL hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfnaf6 cfPsf g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof %( xhf/ $ ;o () lyof] . of] ;+Vofn] g]kfnL–efifL eg]/ hgfpFb}g . …d"n /fi6«Ú -hGd /fi6«_ g]kfn hgfpg]nfO{ of] ;+Vofdf ;d]l6Psf] xf] . kl5Nnf hgu0fgfsf s'/f ubf{ ;g\ !(() n] cd]l/sfdf g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof @ xhf/ ^ ;o !^, / ;g\ @))) n] ( xhf/ # ;o (( b]lvPsf] lyof] . h'g jf:tljs g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof eGbf lgs} sd xf] . cd]l/sfsf cflwsfl/s lgsfosf] cgf}krfl/s a'emfOdf oxfF $ b]lv % nfv g]kfnL x'g'k5{ . u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/Pg_ cd]l/sfn] cd]l/sfsf g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof ;g\ @)!& hgj/Ldf klxnf]k6s ;fj{hlgs ub}{ eGof], …b'O{ nfv %! xhf/ g]kfnL 5g\ .Ú o;f] eg]sf] klg tLg jif{ eO;Sof] . Pgcf/Pgs} tYofª\s h:t} Ps cWoogdf pQ/–klZrddf % k|ltzt, klZrd !@ k|ltzt, klZrd–pQ/–dWodf @ k|ltzt, blIf0f–klZrddf * k|ltzt, blIf0fdf % k|ltzt, dWodf !$ k|ltzt, blIf0f–k"j{df !# k|ltzt / pQ/–k"j{df @% k|ltzt g]kfnL /x]sf] elgPsf] lyof] . ;g\ @)!& df cd]l/sL hgu0fgf ljefun] ljb]zdf
;g\ @)!) sf] hgu0fgfdf lgsflnPsf] ax'efifL krL{df g]kfnL efiff .
hlGdPsf g]kfnL–cd]l/sLsf] hg;+Vof ! nfv !( xhf/ ^ ;o $) /x]sf] atfPsf] lyof] .
df g]kfneGbf cd]l/sf sl/a ^& u'0ff 7"nf] 5 eg] hg;+Vof ;f9] bz u'0ff dfq a9L 5 . To;cl3 ;g\ @))) df hgu0fgf ePsf] lyof] . ;g\ @))) df oxfFsf] hg;+Vof @*!, $@!, ()^ cyf{t\ @* s/f]8 !$ nfv @! xhf/ ( ;o ^ lyof] . To;kl5 ( bzdnj & k|ltzt a9]/ #) s/f]8 *& nfv $% xhf/ %
;g\ @)!) sf] hgu0fgf cd]l/sfdf o;cl3 ;g\ @)!) df hgu0fgf ePsf] lyof] . pQm hgu0fgfcg';f/ cd]l/sfsf] hg;+Vof #)*, &$%, %#* cyf{t\ #) s/f]8 *& nfv $% xhf/ % ;o #* k'u]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] . cd]l/sf ljZjsf] t];|f] 3gf cfjflb ePsf] d'n's xf] . cd]l/sfeGbf rLg / ef/tdf w]/} dflg; a:5g\ . cfsf/
;o #* k'u]sf] xf] . ;g\ @)!) sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ Plzofaf6 cfPsf ! s/f]8 &( nfv $! xhf/ @ ;o *^ dWo] ;aeGbf a9L lrlgofF lyP eg] bf];|f]df lkmlnlkgL d"nsf lyP . ef/tLo t];|f] :yfgdf /x] . cd]l/sfdf sl/a #& nfveGbf a9L lrlgofF, #$ nfveGbf a9L lkmlnlkgL / #! nfveGbf ef/tLo lyP .
;g\ @)!) df ePsf] hgu0fgfn] cd]l/sfsf] hg;+Vof #)*, &$%, %#* cyf{t\ #) s/f]8 *& nfv $% xhf/ % ;o #* k'u]sf] b]vfPsf] lyof] .
/fi6«klt ejg ≈jfO6 xfp;df a:g] klxnf] cd]l/sL /fi6«klt sf] x'g'x'GYof] <
$ @)@) hgj/L, jif{ !) c+s !@&
elh{lgof (Virginia)
d elh{lgof /fHo x'F . elh{lgof, blIf0f–k"jL{ /fHo xf] . elh{lgofsf] /fhwfgL l/rd08 (Richmond) / 7"nf] zx/ elh{lgof lar (Virginia Beach) xf] . n
n
n
o;nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf n]lvG5 . n
n
VA
n
o;sf] ;/sf/L j]a;fO6 www.virginia.gov xf] . n
n
Sof/f]nfOgf (North Carolina), of] cd]l/sfsf] #% cf}+ 7"nf] pQ/–k"j{df d]l/Nof08 /fHo xf], h;sf] If]qkmn (Maryland) tyf jfl;ª\u6g $@ xhf/ & ;o &$=@ ju{ l8;L (Washington DC), dfOn -! nfv !) xhf/ & klZrddf s]G6sL (Ken;o *% ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 . tucky), k"j{df cfGw| n n n dxf;fu/ (Atlantic Ocean), o; /fHosf] hg;+Vof blIf0f–klZrddf 6]g];L sl/a *% nfv #% (Tennessee), / pQ/– xhf/ % ;o !( 5 . klZrddf j]:6 elh{lgof w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf (West Virginia) 5g\ . /fHodWo] of] !@ cf}+ n n n xf] . elh{lgofdf (% j6f n n n sfpG6L (county) 5g\ . elh{lgofdf ;g\ !&&* h"g n n n @% df cd]l/sfsf] ;+3Lo k|0ffnLdf ;fd]n ePsf] xf] . n
n
n
n
oxfF afl;GbfnfO{ elh{lgog (Virginian) elgG5 .
elh{lgofsf] blIf0fdf gy{
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 90 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 gAa]cf}+ ;"rL -efu ()_ • economic:
ljz]if0f– cy{zf:qLo, cfly{s, cy{zf:q;DaGwL, cy{;DaGwL, sd vlr{nf], nfebfos, cfly{s nfesf/L, lskmfotL, nfes/, art ug]{, ldtJooL . • economy:
gfd– cfly{s kl/l:ylt, ldtJolotf, lskmfot, kmf/f], arfp, cy{Joj:yf, Joj:yf ;+u7g, cfly{s l:ylt, cfly{s k|0ffnL, ckJoo, kl/jh{g, hu]gf{ .
kfOg] k'?ifsf] Pp6f gfd xf] .
;dfrf/kq ;~rfns .
• edge:
• educate:
gfd– lsgf/f, wf/, 5]p, lvsf, la6, l8n, t6, tLI0ftf, ;LdfGt /]vf . lqmof– wf/ nufpg', pWofpg', ;fg nufpg', l8n xfNg', lj:tf/} kG5\ofpFb} cl3a9\g', 7f8f] kf/]/ s'g} j:t'nfO{ leq k;fNg', lsgf/f xfNg', la6 xfNg' .
lqmof– k9fpg', lzIff lbg', cWofkg u/fpg', lzlIft kfg'{, l;sfpg', kz'x?nfO{ ;wfpg' .
• edition:
• Edward:
gfd– ;+:s/0f, k|sflzt u|Gy jf kqklqsfsf] cfsf/ tyf • Eddy: ?k, cfj[lQ, ;Dkfbg, ;dfg gfd– c+u|]hLsf] 7"nf] E af6 z'? cfs[lt ePsf] JolSt . ePsf] xf] eg] …P8LÚ • editor: c+u|]hL efiff af]Ng] d'n'sdf gfd– ;Dkfbs, ;+:stf{,
• education:
gfd– Ond, cWofkg, lzIff–lbIff, cWoog, k9fO–n]vfO, k7g– kf7g, lzIffzf:q, 1fgf]kfh{g, 1fgj4{g, kz'x?sf] ;wfO . gfd– …P8\j8{Ú c+u|]hL–efifL d'n'sdf kfOg] k'?ifsf] Pp6f gfd . qmdzM
k[i7 # sf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ hf]g P8D; (John Adams) .
la6 dfbf{dfb}{ k/sf] bfloTj
gful/ssf clwsf/ / lhDd]jf/L x'G5g\ . jif{lbgdf s/ ltg'{, ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] OHht ug'{ cflb . of] ;a}n] hfg]sf] jf a'em]sf] tYo xf] . t/ hgu0fgfsf] ;Gbe{df cfpFbf eg] gful/seGbf w]/} k/sf] lhDd]jf/Lsf] k|;+u cfpF5 . hgu0fgfdf ;a}sf] uGtL x'G5 . To;}n] ;a}n] efu lng cfjZos x'G5 . hxfF xf];\, h:tf] cj:yfdf xf];\, hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g'k5{ . hgu0fgfdf ;xefuL x'g' eg]sf] ;+3Lo sf]ifaf6 k|fKt x'g] sf]ifsf] lx:;fsf] cfˆgf] ;d'bfosf nflu hfoh c+z bfaL ug'{ xf] . c+z eg]kl5 t kSs} ;xefuL x'g dg nfU5, xf]Og t <Û wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Building Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com