www.lpmhayamwuruk.org
Bung Hatta menjelaskan perihal sejarah demokrasi yang memberikan contoh kalau negara itu kuat maka negara tersebut dipimpin oleh rakyat. Misalkan Kerajaan Majapahit yang mempunyai kekuasaan Indonesia, Malaka, Philipina. Kekuasaan dan kebesaran mereka tidaklah kekal karena hanya bergantung pada kemauan dan akal seseorang, tidak bersendi kepada semangat kerakyatan. Berabad-abad kedaulatan rakyat jatuh kepada feodalisme setelah itu berganti kepada kolonialisme. Banyak orang ingin merdeka dengan berlandaskan kedaulatan rakyat.
Edisi 1/2017
Menurut saya, buku demokrasi kita merupakan buku yang ringan namun bermakna tinggi, terlebih Hatta menjelaskan secara singkat mengenai perjalanan demokrasi bagi bangsa Indonesia, maupun cita-cita demokrasi Indonesia yang sebenarnya. Kelemahan yang terlihat dari buku ini mungkin pembaca akan mengalami kesulitan untuk memahami kritikan Bung Hatta, jika pembaca kurang memahami konteks peristiwa Indonesia tahun 1949-1960. Walaupun begitu, buku ini tetap menjadi deretan buku yang terus menarik untuk dibaca. (Ulil)
Women: Now and Then
Foto : Ulil
English Corner Sumber Gambar : missdk.blogdetik.com
T
ess Durbeyfield is a daughter and the first child of John and Joan Durbeyfield. Her family is a part of lowest class in the society—the working class. Despite of being very poor and having a hard time to earn a living, at least she is gorgeous. Just like a typical worker family at Victorian Era, her father holds a full responsibility to live their family. He works as a peddler, collecting beehives at early morning and selling them when the sun rises. Her mother, on the other hand, takes care all of the households and treats the children, including Tess and her sisters and brothers. Meanwhile Tess, her fate is decided when her poor family found out that they are still a relation of an ancient and knightly family of d'Urberville, one of top upper class families in that era. Living in a working class, Tess and h e r D u r b ey f i e l d fa m i ly c o m p l e te ly understand how hard it is to work and earn a living. Therefore when the truth has been spoken, even John and Joan cannot hold their overload joy. Having a pretty face and beautiful appearance put Tess as the only hope for her family. Joan won't miss this magical chance but to ask Tess to come to d'Urberville family, claiming kin and hoping to be hired as the worker there. Her appearance exists without no reasons, Joan wants Tess to one day marry a gentleman from that d'Urberville family—things that every woman expects to happen to herself. Tess has no choice but to follow her mother's order, despite the fact that she accidently let their only wealth—a horse, dead and terribly feeling guilty for it. She then comes to the d'Urberville family and manage to get a job there. She left her Durbeyfield family to be a part of d'Urberville. Day passed and she did great job there—also to make the son of the lady, Alec d'Urberville fell in love with her. He keeps on following her around, teasing her and expressing love, just to get Tess as his own. As the lower class, Tess knows she can't do better than refuses him many times, but also sometimes give her cheeks to be kissed by Alec when he asked. Alec loves her, but she doesn't. Unfortunately, Tess ends up being raped by him. The view that women are inferior than men had existed since long ago. In Victorian Era when Tess lives, there was this thing we called patriarchy. Patriarchy can be described as a social system in which men 12/Edisi 1/2017
hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege and control of property. Men also holds a role as head of the family, taking all responsibility to work and earn money. Take John Durbeyfield as a comparison, his main role becomes more difficult since he and his family live as a working class. Women, on the other hand, plays as an angel in the house. Joan Durbeyfield stays at home, takes care of her children and manages anything necessary to her family. The only difference that matters between women is their social status. Women from lower or working class should help the head of the family—husband or father, to go to work. It becomes necessary since they need lots of money to survive. Otherwise, women from upper class don't do anything except takes care of the family. They handle the dinner between nobleman, educate their children with expensive lessons and do other households. Even the men from upper class don't need to go to work since they are already wealthy and have lots of money to spend. Nevertheless, women's position is still behind the men. Tess, in this case, has to survive from working at d'Urbervilles family. At the end, however, she failed. Alec raped her and then she is pregnant. Decided to go back to her family, Tess has to receive the shame from her neighbors since she became the disgrace of her family. Surprisingly, her mother doesn't feel ashamed at all. It's either because Joan loves her too much or because she know Tess are having her baby with Alec d'Urbervilles. Tess as a woman then hold her
stress alone, even after she gave birth to the baby. No longer after he was born, Tess' son gets sick. Being worried of it, Tess initiates to get her son baptised. The parson, unfortunately refused her request. One of the reason is because he has no father. Women who have children outside a marriage are claimed to be unpure creations, causing the parson to refuse to take any risk. Tess then bravely baptises her son alone and give him name of Sorrow. It's no longer after that when Sorrow finally dead. Again, the parson refused to give Sorrow a christian burial. Tess ends up bury her son by herself. Tess has been through a lot when she's just in her twenties. It shows how women are treated badly at their society. Even in our country, Indonesia, we had ever felt the same. It's before Kartini declared her emancipation when women are treated far behind the men. They were not allowed to get educated and even were asked to marry while they were young. When they finally got married, all they have to do is to stay at home—takes care of children, serves food, cleans the house, etc. Kartini is such a light appears in the darkness. By her writing, she tries to deliver how women should be treated as men, how women should be allowed to get their education as high as they want and how women also have rights to get a job. Nowadays we can see a better time for women to live. There are some of them starting their own business, lots of them having higher education and all of them feel free to deliver their thoughts. Eventhough there are still part where women are still inferior than men, we can expect a better day at the future. (Ulfah)
Semarang :
Seribu Lilin Simbol Harapan Kebhinnekaan Indonesia Jum’at (12/5) sore, hiruk pikuk aksi 1000 lilin untuk kesatuan bangsa.
P
ada Jumat (12/5) sore, Taman KB
peserta yang hadir disini,” ujarnya.
di Jalan Menteri Supeno Semarang
terlihat ramai dengan seribu orang
kepada masyarakat, yaitu:
Acara ini menyerukan empat hal
acara ini tidak terkait dengan dengan daerahdaerah lain. Acara ini spontanitas dari Pelita. “Kalau di kota-kota lain mungkin ada
lebih berbaju merah yang tengah menghadiri
1. Mendukung Pemerintah menindak tegas
acara Mimbar Kebangsaan “Aksi 1000 Lilin
oknum dan organisasi yang anti
kan jauh dari Jakarta,” ujarnya.
untuk Kesatuan Bangsa”. Acara dibuka
kebhinnekaan dan anti Pancasila sesuai
dengan menyanyikan lagu Indonesia Raya kemudian dilanjutkan dengan refleksi dari
prosedur hukum yang adil. 2. Menuntut Pemerintah mencabut aturan
hubungannya dengan itu (.Red), ini nggak, ini Ketika disinggung tentang
kaitannya dengan kasus yang terjadi di Jakarta, Budi mengatakan tidak ada
tokoh-tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh-tokoh
penodaan agama karena rentan
kaitannya. Acara ini murni mengusung
lintas agama. Acara ini diprakarsai oleh
digunakan sebagai senjata politisi agama
konsep NKRI dan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika.
Persaudaraan Lintas Agama (Pelita) dan
dan menghalangi kebebasan berekspresi
d i h a d i r i o l e h b e b e ra p a O r g a n i s a s i
khususnya kelompok subordinat.
mengadakan acara seperti ini, kan dari
“Itu hanya pemicu saja dari kami
Masyarakat seperti eLSA (Lembaga Studi
3. Meminta seluruh elemen masyarakat
peristiwa yang ada di Jakarta kita akui atau
Sosial dan Agama) Semarang, LBH (Lembaga
untuk mengakui, menerima, dan
tidak, efeknya sampai Semarang juga. Jadi
Bantuan Hukum) Semarang, EIN Institute,
menghargai perbedaan serta tidak
hubungan antar umat beragama kan jadi
GusDurian Semarang, dan lain-lain.
terhasut informasi yang dapat memecah
berbeda dari sebelumnya. Keretakan-
belah persatuan dan kesatuan NKRI.
keretakan, saling curiga, bahkan mulai
Setyawan Budi selaku koordinator
4. Meminta seluruh masyarakat untuk pro-
lapangan mengatakan, alasan acara yang
aktif menjaga NKRI tetap satu dalam
menyeret ke isu-isu seputar SARA. Itu kan sangat mengkhawatirkan sekali,” ujarnya.
bertajuk seribu lilin ini diadakan karena lilin
keberagaman, hidup damai, rukun, dan
dapat dianggap sebagai simbol harapan akan
penuh cinta kasih sekaligus berkeadilan
yang ada di Jakarta bukan satu-satunya isu
sosial.
Indonesia yang tetap utuh sebagai bentuk negara kesatuan, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika yang
Seribu lilin ini tidak hanya
Budi juga mengatakan bahwa isu
yang dijadikan rujukan. Melainkan terdapat beberapa isu lain, yaitu isu-isu penolakan
tetap terjaga, dan hubungan antar umat
dilaksanakan di Semarang, melainkan juga
tentang acara-acara keagamaan yang ada di
beragama yang tetap rukun. ”Lilin ini
dilaksanakan di berbagai daerah di
Semarang.
mewakili harapan-harapan dari setiap
Indonesia. Namun, Budi mengatakan bahwa
(Bersambung ke halaman 3) 1/Edisi 1/2017