Eurofeu Asia by Martin Moon

Asia

EUROFEU 2014 vol N1

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY

fire training

CONTENT P6 P8

EUROFEU ASIA : NO INCIDENT SINCE 2003. La société Eurofeu Asia est une société publique mongole listée à la bourse d’Oulan-Bator.

P10

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY COSTUMER

P15

HOW TO MAKE MY PLACE A SAFER PLACE?

P15 P16

P 18 P18

P 19 P20 P22 P23

P 26 P26

P 29 P30 P34

P 40 P40 P42 P45

P 36 P36 P37 P33

CONTENT P 47 P48

P 50 P50

P 51 P51

P 47 P47

P 48 P48

P 56 P56

P57

P 58 P58

P 60 P60

P 63 P64 P67 P68 P68 P69 P71 P73 P77

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY

ere are few tips about fire:

At the beginning of the 21th century, 7 to 8 million fires are reported with 70.000 to 80.000 fire deaths and 500.000 to 800.000 fire injuries (source Centre of Fire Statistics of CTIF). Most of these fires are unintentional and due to the human activities. A better knowledge about fire risk and its prevention and protection could reduce dramatically these figures.

FIRE RISK

Fires start when a flammable and/ or a combustible material, in combination with a sufficient quantity of an oxidizer such as oxygen gas or another oxygen-rich compound, is exposed to a source of heat or ambient temperature above the flash point for the fuel/oxidizer mix, and is able to sustain a rate of rapid oxidation that produces a chain reaction. This is commonly called the fire tetrahedron. Fire cannot exist without all of these elements in place and in the right proportions. Once ignited, a chain reaction must take place whereby fires can sustain their own heat by the further release of heat energy in the process of combustion and may propagate, provided there is a continuous supply of an oxidizer and fuel. Prevention will consist in avoiding such configuration; protection will consist in being prepared with the right equipment to break the chain reaction by suppressing one of these elements:

REVENTION

Once the tetrahedron principle is understood, common sense can help you on preventing risk which are useless. In some complex situation, you may order a fire risk assessment from your fire safety supplier.

To extinguish each fire with the best extinguishing agent, specialists decided to classify the fire by types. Types depend on the combustible specifications and this typology is accepted worldwide.

In Mongolia the most common fire extinguisher is the ABC type, yellow handle with safety valve, with polyvalent powder which can be efficient and even very efficient on all type of fire except Type D (burning metals which is not a common type of fire in our country). To identify them clearly from a distance and any angle, the handle should be painted according to international standards:

INSTALLATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

There are different guidelines to install fire extinguishers according to NFPA, EC or NEMA recommendations. It is better to consult a specialist to get the right fire extinguisher at the right place. Commonly are accepted the principles according to which: - Any room, more than 25M2, closing by one door should have a least one fire extinguisher. - One fire extinguisher should be placed not less than every 15 meters. These recommendations are valid only for general protection, and then can come special risks (fuel storage, server rooms etc…). Fire extinguishers are not the only way to protect a fire risk, we can also mention detection, alarm, fire hydrants, fire blankets etc...

58 ere are few tips:

Because all the occupants of a place should know what to do in case a fire breaks out, that’s a crucial point and it is the reason why everybody should be trained in case a fire occurs. Who call the fire brigade, who evacuate and give assistance to evacuation, who intervene? That’s what is called fire management plan and any company should have one.

INTERVENTION

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Call for help before attempting to extinguish a serious fire.

Call, or have someone else call 101 (Fire Brigade). Ask for the fire service to come immediately, giving your address, the floor concerned, and a brief description of the type of fire. Check that all other people are out of the building. Check that they’re all assembled at a safe meeting point. Do not allow children to attempt to use a fire extinguisher or control a fire in any respect whatsoever. Realize that reacting to a fire requires a sound process of decision-making that children and some adults may not be capable of coping with their panic. Training on correct use of fire extinguisher can alleviate some of the concern here.

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Check for your own safety before starting to extinguish a fire.

There are some key things to check for before you start fighting a fire using a fire extinguisher: • Are you physically capable of extinguishing a fire? • Look for your exit points. Ensure that there is a clear exit for immediate escape should this become necessary. • Do not attempt to put out a fire where it is emitting toxic smoke; • Check for structural safety of the building, in case burning walls, floors, or rafters pose a risk to your safety. • If you have more than one fire extinguisher, consider asking another mature and responsible person to use it in tandem with you. • Remember that your life is more important than property, so don’t place yourself or others at risk.

T R

Check the type of extinguisher.

here are five main classes of fire extinguisher A, B, C, and the less common classes D and F. The extinguishing agent might be water, dry chemical or CO2 . Please see above chart about fire types. You’ll need to decide quickly on what type of fire you have and ensure that your fire extinguisher is compatible with the fire you are attempting to extinguish. An all-purpose ABC dry chemical (ABC) extinguisher is a safe bet for most fires, especially where you’re not sure of the fire’s origins.

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eady the fire extinguisher.

Almost all fire extinguishers have a safety pin in the handle. This pin usually looks like a plastic or metal ring, sometimes colored red, that is held in place by a plastic seal. The distinctive features will vary depending on the type of fire extinguisher you have. You must break the seal by pulling the safety pin from the handle before you can use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever, which discharges the fire extinguishing agent. It helps if you ensure that you’re familiar with how your fire extinguisher works before being placed under stress; take time to read over its instructions. Eurofeu Asia fire extinguishers have instructions are bilingual Mongolian/English.

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Remember the simple acronym P.A.S.S. to help you use the fire extinguisher effectively.

P.A.S.S. stands for: Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep :. • Pull the safety pin from the handle. The pin is located at the top of the fire extinguisher. Once removed, it releases the locking mechanism, allowing you to discharge the extinguisher. • Aim the extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire. Keep yourself low. • Squeeze the handle or lever slowly to discharge the agent. Letting go of the handle will stop the discharge, so keep it held down. • Sweep side to side approximately 15cm over the fire until expended. The sweeping motion helps to extinguish the fire. Stand 3 meters back from the fire: fire extinguishers are manufactured for use from a distance. •The fire may flare up somewhat as extinguishing begins due to the flames being pushed away from the burning material (the real target) by the agent and gust of propellant. Do not be alarmed so long as it dies back promptly. Do not face a fire; try to be place from your profile to expose as less as possible of your body.

Be aware that the typical fire extinguisher will contain around 10 seconds of extinguishing power. • If the fire doesn’t respond well after you’ve used up the fire extinguisher, remove yourself to safety quickly. • if the room fills with smoke, make a hasty exit !

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Tend to the area if you have successfully put out the fire.

This means not leaving it alone, as it might re-ignite without warning. If it is safe to do so, remove fuel sources and commence cleaning up. Water can be used to ensure there are no remaining sparks in materials that are safe to extinguish with water (most combustibles other than oils and other insoluble combustible liquids or places involving electricity). The fire department could help you ensure the fire is completely extinguished.

Purchase a new fire extinguisher or order immediately a refill of the used fire extinguisher.

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The old one is now depleted and will serve no further purpose. Do not allow an empty extinguisher to be present where it could create the false impression of being a good extinguisher. Fire extinguishers can be recharged; for smaller ones, replacing may be cheaper. • Fire extinguishers should be wall mounted in an accessible place. Keep out of the reach of children who are not responsible enough to leave well alone. • It’s a good idea to always keep a fire extinguisher in the kitchen away from sources of heat such as the stove or cooking surfaces. • Other good places to keep a fire extinguisher include: your car, your garage (especially if you use welding equipment or flammable products) and master room. • In each case, mount it somewhere accessible and protected from outdoor elements. • Ensure that everyone in the house knows where the fire extinguisher is located and how to use it (provided they are old enough and responsible enough to do so).

EVACUATION dentify Potential Problems before they occur.

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When you walk into a building, think to yourself “How am I going to get out in an emergency?” Know what you’re going to do. You might have to adapt the plan for each situation, but make sure you know how to get out.

Remain calm but act immediately.

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The place will eventually become less chaotic if everybody stays quiet and peaceful. Just avoid shouting and pushing each other as it will only create more mayhem.

Leave all belongings behind.

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Saving your life is more important than any other property at the place. You might be trapped in fire or intoxicated by smokes if you were to pick up your belongings. Close (but do not lock) all windows and doors before you leave a room

Get out in an orderly manner.

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Use the staircases built. Never use the elevator. Do not chat and jostle along the way. This will prevent stampedes and injuries from occurring. Stay close with your colleagues or classmates. In case if anything happens to you, they will be the ones who will know everything.

Join the muster point if there is any

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If there is no muster point pre-designated, try to organize one. It should be at distance of the building to avoid the falls of material from the building under fire to avoid disturbing the maneuvers of the fire brigade. You should count each other and should not move from the muster point, even it is cold, before an authority order it (Police officer, security manager or fire brigade commander)

ADVERTSIMENT OF MONGOL DAATGAL

The installation of the needed equipments once done, you should train yourself and your workers (or you family) how to use these equipments and how to check/maintain them. You have to prepare an evacuation plan and inform concerned people about it. Now you are fully equipped and your staff is familiar with emergency exit, muster point, instructions to use fire extinguishers and fire hydrants; then you can organize a drill (announced or non-announced) to make sure that your plan is matching with your expectation. All these steps can be organized by Eurofeu Asia according to standards and expectations of your insurer, so that you can qualify either for EN, NFPA or NEMA standards.

KEEP SAFE !

Any responsible organization considering the life of its employees as the most important issue to secure, is keen in making the working place a safe and comfortable place to work. This is also valid for a family. The first thing to do is to assess the risk, identify the hazards and make an inventory of the equipment available for detection, alarm, smoke management, intervention and evacuation. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s what we call a Fire Risk Assessment (F.R.A.) which is also commonly required by insurers, shareholders, security directors and various organizations. Once this made, you can remove all risks which are not made compulsory by your activity (separate fuel and energies, repair the electrical system, impose a non-smoking policy etcâ&#x20AC;Ś) and decide together with a specialist how to protect the remaining risk which are inherent to your activity.

How to make my place a safer place?

Indelec- Active Lightning Protection Systems In September 2012, in Venezuela, the lightning has struck 2 gasoline storage tanks overnight in the El Palito refinery, near Caracas. 120 firefighters have been involved to fight this fire during several days. The cost of this accident is huge with losses due to this explosion, destroyed installations to be replaced and lack of productivity. The official investigation, conducted by local authorities, has demonstrated that the lightning protection system of this refinery (Dissipation Array System) was not satisfactory and should be replaced by another technology such as Early Streamer Emission lightning protection.

How to be well protected against lightning?

Founded in 1955 in Douai (France), Indelec Group has developed a unique advanced lightning protection systems design and installation expertise. The world leading Early Streamer Emission Prevectron® lightning rods are marketed in more than 80 countries through a network of exclusive partners. In addition, the Group opened local subsidiaries in Russia, India and Vietnam. INDELEC pursues an ambitious research and development policy, owning its High Voltage Laboratory in France and conducting unique test campaigns in real lightning conditions in cooperation with research institutes and Universities. INDELEC proposes a complete range of lightning protection products and services in accordance with the latest standard requirements: • Direct protection including lightning rods, down conductors, lightning counters and earth termination, with the Prevectron range • Indirect protection (Surge Protection Devices) • Lightning warning system providing early information to users, with the Storm Monitor

EUROFEU ASIA IS THE EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTOR OF INDELEC IN MONGOLIA.

INDELEC’s reputation in the field of lightning protection dates back more than fifty years, and since several decades, one of our priorities is to propose continuously optimal protection systems against lightning effects. This has involved both fundamental research into the physical phenomena associated with lightning, as well as extensive product development. On September 1, 2012, the new NF C 17 102 standard version officially superseded the 1997 version, which is not valid anymore for design or installation purposes. One of main changes is in the annex C “Testing procedures and requirements”, which is requiring a lot of new compulsory tests including mechanical tests, electrical tests in current as well as voltage, electromagnetic compatibility or marking tests. The new standard version involves now a finest classification of required protection level. This level is calculated through a risk assessment for each project, based on its characteristics such as its location, the size and height of buildings to be protected, the nature of the site and of course, the local lightning activity. This risk assessment is the warranty to propose the best solution for each project without any compromise for safety. With this new classification, the safety for very sensitive sites is increased through specific requirements for such projects. Furthermore, this standard includes now detailed control and maintenance procedures, with visual inspections and complete check-list. This is essential that our customers get a clear view of required inspections schedule to make sure that a complete lightning protection installation is still fully efficient. INDELEC is proud to confirm that his full range of air terminals is meeting all these new requirements to propose “state of the art” and updated lightning solutions. All our products have been scrupulously inspected and certified by the well-known 3rd party certification company, Bureau Veritas. The complete range of Prevectron has always been tested and certified in February 2013 by Russian authorities. INDELEC’s reputation in the field of lightning protection dates back more than fifty years. Leading world manufacturer of Early Streamer Emission air terminals, the INDELEC group of companies also provides a full range of associated services : installation, lightning technical surveys or maintenance schemes.

DETECTION

AND ALARM

To intervene on a fire, it is obvious that one’s should be aware that a fire breaks, Knowing that most of the fire occurs during the night or in unoccupied rooms. It is crucial to equip the premises with a good and reliable early detection system. Beside conventional system that we are selling commonly, Eurofeu Asia is also the exclusive distributor in Mongolia of world renowned system DEF for detection, alarm and automatic suppression (sprinkler, water-mist, CO2 and Industrial gases). DEF was established in France, 1958, providing services to the fire trade for almost 60 years. With 1.400 employees DEF provides a professional service by designing, supplying, installing, commissioning and servicing a wide range of fire detection and fire extinguishing systems.

Fire fast goes “out of control” and can evolve into a catastrophe. It is the only event that has a high impact on loss of life, environmental exposure, and costs. Fire endangers the continuity of an operation. Early detection and early extinguishing is the only way to prevent a fire developing into a catastrophe. Eurofeu Asia in association with DEF’s mission is to provide you with the best fire protection solutions to avoid the worst.

EVERY DAY CUSTOMERS IN MORE THAN 20 COUNTRIES RELY ON DEF’S FIRE PROTECTION

business to help protect lives and property on land and at sea. Our team has the technology and experience to deliver fire protection tailored to perform in even the most challenging environments. Our comprehensive array of testing, inspection and repair services help keep systems in top working order. Design, maintain and provide safety-critical systems including fire suppression, special-hazard, and emergency communications solutions. Our testing, inspection, maintenance, and repair services help keep fire and life-safety systems in top condition. Fire is the worst thing that can happen in your company. It is about saving life’s, property, stock and reputation. Fire can rapidly develop into a catastrophe. The government and insurance has therefore a strong focus on fire prevention and protection and put standards and regulations into law. These regulations are all about proper fire – prevention and - protection systems and to keep the fire protection in top condition.

SERVICE DEF and Eurofeu Asia will provide the best support in installation, start-up, and maintenance of Fire Safety Systems. We commit ourselves to give you a customized and uncompromised performance, in order to adapt to your requirements. All the DEF entities are certified in accordance with ISO 9001 version 2000.

This quality assurance implements the most important objective: customer satisfaction. Our team of engineers makes sure that your employees, customers and assets are well protected. We supply our service on a 24hr/day, 7 days/week basis.

DEF SERVICES

• • • • • • •

Consultancy, Risk analysis & risk management Project Management Design & engineering Installation Certification Maintenance Monitoring services

FIRE TRAINING LEVEL 1 – FREE (GROUP OF 20 to 30)

This course is designed as the minimum fire safety training for all company employees and meets the requirements of the Regulatory Reform Order Fire Safety 2005. It covers all the basic knowledge enabling the candidate to safely evacuate in an emergency and the appropriate actions to be taken. 1H30 hour theoretical training. Includes: - Risk assessment - Prevention - Protection - Alarm / Alert - Intervention - Evacuation

FIRE TRAINING FIRE TRAINING LEVEL 2 – 60,000 MNT/trainee 2H30 hours incorporating all of the theoretical training, including hands on practical fire fighting with extinguishers on real live fire situations. This fire safety course is designed for anyone with the responsibility of evacuating people during an emergency. It covers all necessary subjects to enable the candidate to help the fire safety manager ensure good fire safety is maintained within their own organisation. There is no substitute for practical experience when dealing with live fires and on our courses everyone gets the chance to extinguish a real fire. This course can be held at your own premises for up to 15 people per course.

FIRE TRAINING LEVEL 3 – QUOTE ON REQUEST Trainees will be instructed in skills and knowledge to operate effectively as a member of a fire fighting response team. This course includes coordinated fire attack using different extinguishing mediums, communicating as a team, and the use of breathing apparatus in a team environment. The focus is on quick response and rescue, with minimal manpower techniques. The training is located in France (100km from Paris. Trainees can be accommodated and we can help for visa procedure)

For more information please follow the link : http://www.dirickx.com/index_en.aspx

The DIRICKX Group is the international integrator, specialist in perimeter protection for site of High Security (airport, jails, borders and nuclear plants.) will work with you throughout your project, from analysis to the manufacture, installation and maintenance of your fences, railings, gates, etcâ&#x20AC;Ś

THE INTERNATIONAL SPECIALIST IN PERIMETER PROTECTION

Eurofeu Asia JSC is exclusive distributor in Mongolia

Their experience and extensive range of solutions mean that they can cater for all markets: industrial, local or government authorities or high security sites. With a 90 years experience in this activity, they can offer a wide range in the fields of physical protection (railings, fences, security bars, gates and swing gates, turnstiles, motorizations, road obstacles, safety barriers, etc.), detection (electric fences, etc.), video surveillance, supervision and access control and management. To offer the best possible solution, a complete range of services is available, including tailored design, factory testing, personalized advice, installation, commissioning, maintenance and after-sales service. DIRICKX is the only partner able to provide with a turnkey solution based on an analysis and in-depth study of your needs.

FIRE EMERGENCY – FIRE ROUTES – MUSTER POINT

The sequence of an evacuation can be divided into the following phases: 1. Detection 2. Decision 3. Alarm 4. Reaction 5. Movement to an area of refuge or an assembly station 6. Transportation

mergency evacuation plans are developed to ensure the safest and most efficient evacuation time of all expected residents of a structure. A benchmark “evacuation time” for different hazards and conditions is established. These benchmarks can be established through using best practices, regulations, or using simulations, such as modeling the flow of people in a building, to determine the benchmark. Proper planning will use multiple exits, contra-flow lanes, and special technologies to ensure full, fast and complete evacuation. Consideration for personal situations which may affect an individual’s ability to evacuate is taken into account, including alarm signals that use both aural and visual alerts, and also evacuation equipment such as sleds, pads, and chairs for non-ambulatory people. Regulations such as building codes can be used to reduce the possibility of panic by allowing individuals to process the need to self-evacuate without causing alarm. Proper planning will implement an all-hazards approach so that plans can be reused for multiple hazards that could exist.

THE TIME FOR THE FIRST FOUR PHASES IS USUALLY CALLED PRE-MOVEMENT TIME.

The strategy of individuals in evacuating buildings was investigated by John Abrahams in 1994. The independent variables were the complexity of the building and the movement ability of the individuals. With increasing complexity and decreasing motion ability, the strategy changes from “fast egress”, through “slow egress” and “move to safe place inside building” (such as a staircase), to “stay in place and wait for help”. The last strategy is the notion of using a designated Safe Haven on the floor. This is a

section of the building that is reinforced to protect against specific hazards, such as fire or smoke. Some hazards may have Safe Havens on each floor. Typically persons with limited mobility are requested to report to a Safe Haven for rescue by first responders. The most common equipment in buildings to facilitate emergency evacuations are fire alarms, exit signs, and emergency lights. Some structures need special emergency exit or fire escapes to ensure the availability of alternative escape paths

THE DUTY HOLDER (IN A WORKPLACE, NORMALLY THE EMPLOYER) SHOULD CARRY OUT A FORMAL RISK ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINE THE NEED FOR FIRE SAFETY SIGNS.

The legislation requires all duty holders to ensure that the means of escape is effectively located and the route to a place of relative safety be clearly identified. Where the building manager, facilities manager/ duty holder requires specific guidance to achieve this, a competent person should be consulted.

The following key elements of escape route signing will influence effective evacuation: Illumination: All escape route signs should be adequately illuminated to ensure they are conspicuous and legible within the environment. All escape route signs should be visible under power loss conditions. It may be appropriate in some premises that a maintained light source is provided or the same objective can be achieved with a photoluminescent escape route sign.

Sign Height (Graphical Symbol Height):

All escape route signs are required to be observed from a distance, this distance alongside the illumination will determine the observation distance of the escape route sign. A simple guide for an externally illuminated sign at 100 lux will give an observation distance of 17 metres for a sign height of 100mm a ratio of 170 to 1.

Direction of From any point within a building it is important that people have immediate sight of an esEgress and cape route. If they do not or doubt may exist, an escape route sign or series of signs is likely Escape: to be necessary. The use of directional arrows within escape route signs are standardized to ensure that egress is intuitive and efficient. Priority for escape route signs should be given to the shortest route to safety. The series of escape route signs within the designated means of escape should be positioned to progress the person to a place of safety. An escape route sign should be positioned at every change of direction, every change of level and at any decision point within the escape route.

Mounting Escape route signs should be sited at 2.0m from the floor when positioned above doors or Height: where suspended from the ceiling and at 1.7m from the floor when positioned on walls. As people progress along an escape route, the next escape route sign within the series should be in a predictable position following on from its predecessor in the series of escape route signs.

Other Fire Safety Signs and Notices International standards requires that all people are provided with relevant fire safety information such as the location and operation of panic hardware, door opening devices and emergency security override equipment. The same standards require appropriate identification and location to all building occupants to ensure effective evacuation. The same applies for people with special needs who may require assistance to locate designat-

ed safe areas as part of their Personal Emergency Evacuation Plan (PEEP). All life safety equipment and designated areas should be appropriately signed. A key element of effective evacuation is the detection of fire and manual activation of alarm call points. It requires the duty holder to ensure building occupants can identify and locate this equipment. It is also a requirement that building occupants know the procedure to adopt in the event of fire and alarm activation. The display of appropriate notices, in clear and precise format is recommended to support good fire safety management and formal training.

FIA Fire Safety Signs and Notices Fire extinguisher Fire hose reel Where necessary, firefighting equipment should be indicated by signs. The Duty Holder has to provide people with information that is essential for their

ADVERSTIMENT HM MASK

The Pocket Smoke Mask (PSM) is a small, portable heat resistant hood that covers the entire head. It provides effective barrier for your eyes, nose, and mouth from lethal smoke and fumes during fire hazards. The PSM’s ionized filter blocks the harmful particles in the heavy smoke and allows you to breathe while making your way to safety during emergency situations.

Remember that most casualties due to a fire are actually due to the smoke and toxic gases. During emergencies, you may be required to pass through toxic smokes and fumes to reach for safety. That is the exact job which our Pocket Smoke Mask (PSM) does – gives you 20 minutes of precious breathable air to evacuate from the danger. HKmask is the experienced and certified manufacturer with over 15 years of experience in the field of fire safety equipments. Pocket Smoke Mask (PSM) is intended to provide a short-term respiratory filter escape tool in the event of a fire. The 20 minutes of breathable air PSM provides is more than enough for people to escape from dangerous toxic gases in most situations. PSM is especially suitable for people who often visit or stay in locations where the fire escape route is not immediately obvious or near the person’s position, such as in high rise office blocks and apartments. The flat packed nature of the PSM allows easy storage at homes or workplace as a precaution to possible emergencies, while also being convenient to carry around when traveling to save guard against unfamiliar surroundings.

This filter performance test was performed by The Industrial Research Institute, Taiwan. Breakthrough Time

Test Gas

mg/liter

ppm

Breakthrough Concentration

Acrylonitrile Acid, CH2CHCN

0.025

0.005mg at 2.2 ppm

Ammonia NH3

1.2

1690

0.2mg at 270 ppm

Benzene C6H6

307

0.1mg at 31 ppm

21 min

Chlorine Cl2

0.05

0.008mg at 1.0 ppm

25 min

Phosgene COCl2

0.025

0.005mg at 1.2 ppm

20 min

Hydrogen cyanide HCN

0.03

0.003mg at 2.6 ppm

28 min

Tetrachloro carbon CCl4

0.04

0.03 at 5 ppm

23 min

20 min 25 min

EUROFEU ASIA IS THE EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTOR IN MONGOLIA OF HKMASKS