გაზეთი პანორამა N2

gazeTi NN2

5 dekemberi, 2018

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa fakultetis Jurnalistikisa da masobrivi komunikaciis mimarTulebis saswavlo gazeTi

,,diax, Cavibareb!..”bukinistis ambavi

saqarTvelos prezidentebi dRemde gv. 3

„me, saqarTvelos prezidenti, RvTisa da eris winaSe vacxadeb, rom davicav saqarTvelos konstitucias, qveynis damoukideblobas, erTianobasa da ganuyoflobas..“, - warmoTqvams saqarTvelos mexuTe prezidenti da aw ukve sakuTar rezidenciaSi, anu sasaxleSi, mrgval magidasTan mokalaTdeba.

staJirebis saxelmwifo programis xarvezebi

laSa talaxaZe: miRweuliT arasdros vkmayofildebi

erTi dRe navTluRis bazarSi gv. 20

gv. 19

meveles grZeli quCa, orive mxra Rirs siTboSi ares betonis masiuri sabWoTa Senobebi... garemovaWreebi migatarebuli gv. 18 maniSneben, rom gza ar SemSlia. zamTari? daniSnulebis gareSe darCemarjaniSvilis metrosTan gv. 5 erTxel mainc Tu CagivliaT, nil, SuSebCamtvreul, gaSavebunebrivi airis namaucileblad SeniSnavdiT buki- bul SenobebiT SemosazRvrul wviT gamowveuli msxverpli, nisturi wignebiT savse daxlebs sivrceSi vabijeb, sadac Tavs adamianebis mowamvla da sacx- da am daxlebze gamokrul war- iyris xili, bostneuli, mwvaniovrebeli binebis afeTqeba qarT- weras - ,,wignebi 2 larad” - am li, odnav moSorebiT yveli, velebisTvis ucxo ar aris. yove- wignebis patroni Tengiz TaqTaq- cocxali Tevzi da axali xorli wlis Semodgomis bolodan iSvilia. 72 wlis bukinisti ukve ci - es navTluRis bazaria. is gazafxulis dasawyisamde aTo- 24 welia, rac marjaniSvilis kaxeTidan Camosuli glexebibiT aseTi SemTxveva xdeba, razec moedanze wignebs yidis da amiT sTvis dRemde pirvel savaWro pasuxismgeblobas aravin iRebs. adgilad rCeba. ojaxs arCens.

moewoneboda fredis dRevandeli Bohemian Rhapsody?

Qqalaqi, romelic ver sunTqavs

rios 2016 wlis olimpiuri TamaSebis gamarjvebuli, samgzis msoflio Cempioni, msoflio rekordsmeni, 2017 wlis msoflios saukeTeso Zalosani es qarTveli sportsmenis, laSa talaxaZis miRwevaTa arasruli CamonaTvalia. TurqmeneTis dedaqalaq aSxabadSi dasrulebul ZalosanTa msoflio Cempionatze sportsmenma 7 msoflio rekordi daamyara.

arnemSi erT-erT skvers guram kaSias saxeli mieniWa arnemis vitesma guram kaSias kidev erTi saCuqari gaukeTa. 1 dekembers erediviziis mecamete turis Sexvedramde, romelSic vitesi emens maspinZlobda, stadionze Sekrebilma gulSematkivarma qarTvel fexburTels emociuri gacileba mouwyo. magram yvelaferi amiT ar dasrulebula. arnemSi, 67 heqtarze gaSenebul zonsbeekis parks dReidan guram kaSias saxeli mieniWa.

gv. 10

gv. 19 problemis mogvareba Tu amomrCevlis mosyidvis mcdeloba?

gv. 9

interesis talRam, ra Tqma unda, mec gadamiara da verc ki gavaanalize, roca ukve kinoTeatrisken mivabijebdi. CemTvis gankuTvnil savarZelSi movkalaTdi, rogorc iqna, im momentisaTvis gamaRizianebeli reklamebis wyebac dasrulda da 60-ian wlebSi gadaveSvi. cota xanSi 60-ianebi 80-ianebad gadaiqca, da filmis dasrulebamde Live Aid 1985sac daveswari.

gv. 15

sofo dalaqiSvili profesiiT farmacevtia. ramdenime wlis win, roca misi Svili diabada, ojaxma qalaqgareT sacxovreblad gadasvla gadawyvita.

Aamis erT-erTi mizezi ki bavSvebis jansaR da sufTa garemoSi aRzrda iyo. sofosTvis, iseve, rogorc adamianebis umetesi nawilisTvis, jansaR garemos maTi sicocxlisTvis Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs. Tanamedrove samyaroSi ki cxovrebis ganviTarebis ritmma bevri ram Secvala, maT Soris ekologiuri mdgomareobac.

gv. 6

ubinao devnilebi - rigi usasrulobamde ,,Tbilisis zRvis“ piras rvasarTuliani Zveli agurisferi Senoba dgas. fasadi adgil-adgil CamoSlilia, kibeebi - dazianebuli, kedlebic arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi. am SenobaSi kompaqturad Sesaxlebuli iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi ukve 25 welia cxovroben.

gv. 4

politikis panorama

arCevnebi 2018

opozicia arCevnebis Sedegis baTilad cnobas sasamarTloSi moiTxovs

gasul kviras saqarTvelos mosaxleobam bolojer airCia qveynis prezidenti. arCevnebze misuli 2 milionamde adamianidan naxevarze metma xma damoukidebel, magram amave dros ,,qarTuli ocnebis“ mier mxardaWeril kandidats, salome zurabiSvils misca. Sesabamisad, axali prezidentis inauguraciis dRe ukve CaniSnulia, magram meore turSi gasuli da Semdeg damarcxebuli grigol vaSaZe arCevnebis Sedegs ar aRiarebs da ,,gaerTianebul opoziciasTan“ erTad quCaSi gamodis. rusTavelis gamzirze gamarTul aqciaze, mTavarma opoziciurma Zalam maT momxreebs mouyara Tavi da uaxloes momavalSi sasamarTloSi sarCelis Setanac daaanonsa. opozicia samarTlebrivad moiTxovs arCevnebis meore turis Sedegis baTilad cnobas. grigol vaSaZe da ,,gaerTianebuli opozicia“ amtkicebs, rom ,,qarTulma ocnebam“ daSinebiTa da mosyidviT arCevnebze zegavlena iqonia da xalxs arCevanis ufleba mopara. qveynis mTavar gamzirze gamarTul aqciaze gamomsvlelebma swored es braldebebi gaaJReres da vadamdeli saparlamento arCevnebi moiTxoves. parlamentis win Sekrebilebs ,,nacionaluri moZraobis“ erT-erTma liderma nika meliam mimarTa da mTavrobis mier opoziciis wevrebze Zaladoba dagmo. „Cven gvaqvs ori arCevani, an SeveguoT imas, rac Caidina xelisuflebam, an vibrZoloT gamarjvebamde. xelisuflebam daniSna mesame turi da mas egona, rom Cven energiisgan daviclebodiT da monawileobas ar da

ver miviRebdiT mesame turSi. Cven, ara Tu viRebT monawileobas mesame turSi, aramed aucileblad gavimarjvebT“, - ganacxada nika meliam ,,gaerTianebuli opoziciis“ aqciaze sityviT gamovida saprezidento kandidati grigol vaSaZe, romelmac iq Sekrebil adamianebs madloba gadauxada da brZolisken mouwoda. misi azriT, Seqmnili krizisidan gamosvlis gza qveyanaSi vadamdeli saparlamento arCevnebis daniSvnaa. ,,Cven SevTavazeT xelisuflebas TanamSromloba, rom yvelasTvis damazianebeli da damangreveli politikuri krizisidan gamovideT erTad. cal-calke ver gamovalT. mTeli Cemi cxovreba vimeoreb, rom qarTvelebi unda viyoT erTad. imitom, rom cal-calke verc nato-Si SevalT, verc evropaSi SevalT da verc normalur saxelmwifos avaSenebT. yvelam icodeT, rom yvela Zaladobis da muqaris faqts CavyvebiT

bolomde da yvela sastikad daisjeba, vinc demokratiuli normebis, samarTlis farglebs gareT gadis”, - Tqva vaSaZem. opoziciis aqciaze ,,skai piT“ CaerTo saqarTvelos me-3 prezidenti mixeil saakaSvili, romlis gamoCenasac ovaciebi mohyva. saqarTvelos eqsprezidentma gaerTianebis mxardamWerebs sityviT mimarTa da maTTan erTad brZola daaanonsa. rogorc saakaSvili ambobs, is mzadaa, maSinve dabrundes qveyanaSi, roca xalxi mas dauZaxebs. „aRarafers aRar moviTmenT da aRar gadavylapavT. maT egonaT, rom xalxi aRar ibrZolebs da dRes Cven maT davanaxebT, rom Cven vibrZolebT mSvidobianad, damajereblad, RimiliT, Tavaweuli, magram arasdros CamovuSvebT xelebs. arasdros SevurigdebiT usamarTlobas. Cven yvelaferi gamogviva. Cveni brZola aucileblad damTavrdeba sruli gamarjvebiT”, Tqva saakaSvilma. amave aqciaze sityviT gamovidnen Svilmokluli mamebi malxaz maCalikaSvili da zaza saraliZe, maT kidev erTxel daadanaSaules ,,qarTuli ocneba“ mkvlelebis mfarvelobaSi da maTi Svilebis mkvlelobaSi damnaSaveebis dasja moiTxoves. aqcias SeuerTdnen ,,evropuli saqarTvelos“ lideri gigi ugulava da „leiboristuli partiis” warmomadgeneli leila gafrindaSvili. aqcia daaxloebiT 2 saaTis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeboda.

merab papaSvili

redaqtoris sveti “pirvelad iyo sityva”. Tu erTxel mainc gvifiqria, imaze Tu ra Zala aqvs sityvebs, maSin aucileblad mivxvdebodiT, rom raRac bgerebis erTobliobiT Seqmnil teqstebs didi cvlilebebis moxdena SeuZlia. teqstebi kidev im istoriebs qmnian, romlebzec yvelgan da yovelTvis vsaubrobT, vkiTxulobT an sulac megobrebs, mSoblebs, studentebsa da ubralod nacnobebs vwerT. kacobriobam dasabamidan dRemde grZeli da mravalferovani gza ganvlo. adamianebs xSirad ubralod sWirdebaT sxvisi Tu sakuTari ambis gadmocema. amitomac mizani albaT yovelTvis erTi iyo maSinac roca, altamiris gamoqvabulSi pirvelyofili adamiani moxatuli kedlebis winaSe idga da axlac, roca 21-e saukuneSi cvlilebebisa da teqnologiebis eraSi mniSvnelovani da saintereso istoriis gadmocemas cdilobs. yoveldRiurad Cvens irgvliv uamravi ram xdeba, romelsac cxovrebis aCqarebuli ritmis gamo SeiZleba verc ki vamCnevdeT. ambavi SeiZleba mxiaruli, saintereso, damafiqrebeli, usiamovno an sulac problemuri iyos. Jurnalistebis amocanac swored isaa, rom im sazogadoebas, romelmac maT ndoba gamoucxada, obieqturi da marTali ambavi miawodos. dReebis ganmavlobaSi studentebi mondomebiT veZebdiT da vqmnidiT ambebs im winaRobebze, gamowvevebze, miRwevebsa Tu gamarjvebebze, romlebic Cvens irgvlivaa. Tu damRleli dRis Semdeg, am gazeTs gadaSliT, Cven mogiyvebiT ambavs ganaTlebaze, kulturaze, Tavisuflebaze, ubralo adamianebze, studentebze, bukinistebze, sporstmenebze, wignebsa Tu filmebze. ukve meored, Cveni Jurnalistur-studenturi redaqcia obieqturi ambebiTa da sufTa xelebiT vdgavarT mkiTxvelis winaSe.

Tamar CxikvaZe

siZulvilis ena politikosebisgan – arsebuli viTareba da safrTxeebi politikur gancxadebebTan erTad, xelisuflebisa Tu opoziciis warmomadgenlebi sityviT gamosvlisas sakuTar msoflmxedvelobazec saubroben, zog SemTxvevaSi ki maTi frazebi siZulvilis enis elementebs Seicavs. msgavsi ti pis diskriminaciul gamonaTqvamebSi rasizmi, qsenofobia, nacionalizmi, umciresobebisa da migrantebis Cagvra igulisxmeba. rogorc sxva dros, politikosebi msgavsi Sinaarsis komentarebs saarCevno periodSic avrceleben. es qmedeba eleqtoratis mozidvis erT-erT xerxadaa miCneuli.

rogoria siZulvilis enis kuTxiT zogadi viTareba ar arsebobs zusti kvleva imis gansasazRvrad, Tu ra viTarebaa mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi siZulvilis enis gavrcelebis kuTxiT, Tumca mediis ganviTarebis fondi 2018 wlis saprezidento arCevnebis wina periodSi politikur partiebsa da subieqtebs daakvirda. angariSis mixedviT, pirveli agvistodan 15 oqtombris CaTvliT, politikuri saxeebis mier warmoTqmuli 117 gancxadebidan yvelaze didi nawili qsenofobiuria da migrantebis winaaRmdegaa mimarTuli, rasac Turqofobia, homofobia da religiuri niSniT diskriminacia mosdevs. konkretuli politikosebis mxridan msgavsi gancxadebebi arCevnebis meore turis winac movismineT.

ras amboben prezidentobis kandidatebi partia “qarTuli ocnebis” mier mxardaWerili prezidentobis kandidati, salome zurabiSvili erT-erTia imaTgan, vinc siZulvilis enis Semcveli gancxadebebi gaavrcela. ninowmindaSi man mosaxleobasTan Sexvedraze Tqva, rom yofilma prezidentma, saakaSvilma Turqebs moqalaqeoba misca, eTnikurad somxebs ki - ara. aRniSnul komentars 14 arasamTavrobo organizacia gamoexmaura. isini miiCneven, rom prezidentobis kandidatis gancxadeba SuRlis gaRvivebas uwyobs xels da liberaluri demokratiisa da Tanasworuflebianobis princi pebs ewinaaRmdegeba. zurabiSvilma qsenofobiuri gancxadeba mxolod saprezidento kampaniis dros ki ara, 2013 wels feisbuq postiTac gaavrcela. ,,Cinelebi ar kvdebian. erTi piradobis mowmobiT an pasportiT sargeblobs ramdenime adamiani da vin gaarCevs? roca ggonia, rom 10 Semovida, sinamdvileSi 100-mde SeiZleba iyvnen”, - aRniSna meore turSi gadasulma kandidatma. fobiuri gancxadebebiT arCevnebis pirvel turSi monawile kandidatebic gamoirCeodnen. kerZod, qsenofobiuri Sinaarsis iyo “Tavisufali saqarTvelos” prezidentobis

2

kandidatis, kaxa kukavas saarCevno videorgoli. misi slogani iyo “saqarTvelo imigrantebis gareSe”, reklamaSi ki ambobda, rom migrantebis gamo Cvens ers gaqroba emuqreba, amitom mTavroba qveyanaSi ucxoelebis SemoSvebis nacvlad qarTul mravalSvilian ojaxebze unda zrunavdes. mediis ganviTarebis fondis kvlevis mixedviT, winasaarCevno periodSi yvelaze meti diskriminaciuli komentari swored kaxa kukavam gaavrcela. siaSi mas Salva naTelaSvili mosdevs, romelic yvelaze xSirad ucxoelebis mier qarTuli miwebis dasakuTrebaze saubrobs. siaSi arian Semdegi kandidatebic: besarion TediaSvili, giorgi andriaZe, kaxaber WiWinaZe da gela xuciSvili.

ras amboben partiebi da sxva politikosebi mediis ganviTarebis fondis monitoringis jgufis xelmZRvaneli, Tina gogolaZe, CvenTan saubrisas acxadebs, rom arian iseTi partiebi, romlebic, rogorc kampaniis dros, ise yoveldRiur politikur cxovrebaSi avrceleben diskriminaciul gancxadebebs. misi TqmiT, fobiuri ganwyobebiT “patriotTa aliansi” gamoirCeva. “partiebis warmomadgenlebi xSirad acxadeben, rom TurqeTi aWaras gvarTmevs, xSirad aigiveben rusul okupacias masTan, rac rusuli agresiis rols akninebs”, - ambobs organizaciis warmomadgeneli. diskriminaciul gancxadebebs saqarTvelos mesame prezidenti, mixeil saakaSvilic avrcelebs. eqsprezidentma mimdinare wlis 4 noembers Tqva, rom “gaZvaltyavebuli bangladeSeli turistebi ar gvWirdeba da saqarTveloSi yvela qveynidan mdidari migrantebi unda Camovidnen”. komentars platforma “ara fobias!” gamoexmaura. “samwuxaroa, Tumca faqtia, rom qsenofobiuri Sinaarsis Semcvel gancxadebebs winasaarCevno periodSi politikosebi eleqtoraluri mobilizaciis mizniT iyeneben”, - weria arasamTavroboebis gancxadebaSi. amasTan, 18 noembers saakaSvilma partia “qarTuli ocnebis” mier daqiravebuli piarspecialisti, moSe klughafti “viRac ebrael aferistad” moixsenia. “ara fobias!” wers, rom gancxadeba antisemituria da ebraelebze stereoti pebs aRvivebs.

wina wlebis gamocdileba mediis ganviTarebis fondis warmoamdgenlis TqmiT, wlebis ganmavlobaSi politikosebis mier gavrcelebul gancxadebebSi pirvel or adgils qsenofobia da homofobia ikavebs, periodulad ki isini erTmaneTs enacvlebian. “wels qsenofobiuri ganwyobebi ufro momZlavrebulia. es dakavSirebulia saqarTve-

loSi ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebis uflebriv mdgomareobasTan, migraciasTan. sakmaod Zlieria antimigrantuli ganwyobebi. aris islamofobiuri gancxadebebic”, - ambobs mkvlevari Tina gogolaZe

ra safrTxeebi axlavs politikosebis mier gavrcelebul siZulvilis enas Factcheck-is redaqtori, daviT qutiZe CvenTan saubrisas ambobs, rom politikosebis mxridan msgavsi gancxadebebis gavrceleba konkretuli jgufebis diskreditacias axdens da aseTi midgoma demokratiul sazogadoebaSi dauSvebelia. amasTan, misive azriT, qsenofobiuri Tu sxva ti pis arakoreqtuli gamonaTqvamebi sazogadoebis polarizaciisa da sxva negatiuri faqtorebis gamomwvevic SeiZleba iyos. “ilaxeba konkretulad im adamianebis Tu jgufebis interesi, romelTa winaaRmdegacaa es gancxadeba mimarTuli. sazogadoebis danarCeni nawilis TvalSi maTi negatiurad warmoCena xdeba, rac, SesaZloa, samomavlod sxvadasxva daZabulobisa Tu negatiuri procesis wyaro gaxdes”, - ambobs qutiZe. Tina gogolaZis TqmiT ki, diskriminaciul gamonaTqvamebs Semdegi safrTxeebi axlavs Tan: • politikosebis mier gavrcelebul gancxadebebs sazogadoebaSi gamoxmaureba mohyveba. amis gamo SesaZloa qsenofobiuri da homofobiuri ganwyobebi gaRvivdes, risi problemac saqarTveloSi isedac dgas; • xSiria Zaladobis wamaxalisebeli gancxadebebi. am ti pis mowodebebma sazogadoebis nawils SesaZloa, konkretuli qmedebebisken ubiZgos; • gansakuTrebiT safrTxisSemcvelia siZulvilis ena ,,patriotTa aliansisgan”, radgan maT parlamentSi platforma aqvT da,

SesaZloa, gancxadebebma kidev ufro didi gavlena iqonion mosaxleobaze; winasaarCevno periodSi politikosebi problemas gansakuTrebiT mwvaved warmoaCenen da populisturi gancxadebebiT eleqtorats izidaven, rac damatebiT safrTxeebTanaa dakavSirebuli.

ra unda gakeTdes mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsSi vkiTxulobT: ,,saarCevno programa ar unda Seicavdes omisa da Zaladobis propagandas, erovnuli SuRlisa da mtrobisken, religiuri da eTnikuri dapirispirebisken mowodebas”. politikosma ar unda Seqmnas iseTi saarCevno produqti, romelic sxva adamianebisa Tu konkretuli jgufebis uflebebs Selaxavs. mauwyebelTa qcevis kodeqsSi ki weria, rom, Tavis mxriv, mediasaSualebam diskriminaciis gaSuqeba Tavidan unda aicilos. mediis ganviTarebis fondSi miiCneven, rom am sakiTxis mimarT dRevandelTan SedarebiT ufro seriozuli midgomebi unda iyos. meore mxriv, mniSvnelovania sazogadoebis kritikulobis maRali donec. ,,saWiroa msgavsi gancxadebebis miuRebloba. xalxis cnobierebis amaRlebas didi gavlena eqneba politikosebis mxridan msgavs gancxadebebze”, - ambobs mkvlevari Tina gogolaZe. iqamde ki, sanam sazogadoebaSi kritikulobis done amaRldeba, politikosebi siZulvilis enis Semcveli gancxadebebiT sakuTar eleqtorats inarCuneben da axali amomrCevlebis mozidvasac cdiloben.

ekaterine janiaSvili

politikis panorama

saqarTvelos prezidentebi dRemde

„me, saqarTvelos prezidenti, RvTisa da eris winaSe vacxadeb, rom davicav saqarTvelos konstitucias, qveynis damoukideblobas, erTianobasa da ganuyoflobas..“, - warmoTqvams saqarTvelos mexuTe prezidenti da aw ukve sakuTar rezidenciaSi, anu sasaxleSi, mrgval magidasTan mokalaTdeba. es fici mniSvnelovania, radgan qveynis mTavari piri saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa da erTianobis SenarCunebas gvpirdeba da Cvenc gvjera, an gvjeroda 2018 wlis saprezidento arCevnebamde, sadac meore turis daniSvna gaxda saWiro, xolo ndoba - xelaxla mosapovebeli. sazogadoebis ndoba bevri mizezis gamo daikarga. magaliTad, imitom, rom saqarTvelos axalma prezidentma, salome zurabiSvilma winasaarCevnod Tavi saerTaSoriso mediasac daamaxsovra, oRond ara rogorc kandidatma, romelsac realuri Sansebi hqonda pirveli qali prezidenti yofiliyo, aramed, rogorc qarTvelma, romelsac sjera, rom omi ruseTTan Cven daviwyeT. rogorc Cans, rwmena mmarTvel partiasac dakarguli hqonda mxardaWerili kandidatis mimarT, radgan meore turis gamocxadebasTan erTad, maT qalaqebSi axali bilbordebis ganTavseba daiwyes, oRond im gansxvavebiT, rom maTze „qarTuli ocnebis“ wevrebi iyvnen gamosaxulni, kandidatis ki mxolod saxeli figurirebda. xSirad umartivesi qmedebis an frazis interpretireba urTules amocanas warmoadgens CvenTvis, radgan ar viciT 28 noembers xmis misacemad misulma damoukidebelma kandidatma frazaSi - „Cemi arCevania Rimiliani saqarTvelo“ misi samomav-

lo gegmebi igulisxma Tu 28 noembris dila, roca biZina ivaniSvili „48“ nomriT moqalaqeebs piradad urekavda da wamiT gvaRimebda kidec. salome zurabiSvili, aseTi garemoebebis fonze, TeTr sasaxleSi mokalaTebuli, istoriuli tituliT „saqarTvelos pirveli qali prezidenti“, aRasrulebs qarTveli xalxisTvis istoriulad mniSvnelovan gadawyvetilebas.

Cven xom ukanasknelad avirCieT pirdapiri wesiT prezidenti. pirvelad es Tanam d e b o b a 1991 wels Semovida da mas Semdeg qarTvel xalxs hqonda SesaZlebloba sakuTari arCevani gaekeTebina. ra mosdevda am arCev ans, SegviZlia prezidentebis mmarTvelobis ganxilvis fonze gavixsenoT da aqve aRvniSnoT, rom TiToeulis politika da uflebamosilebebi erTmaneTisgan sagrZnoblad gansxvavdeboda. zviad gamsaxurdia da misi sayovelTaod cnobili fraza „gaumarjos damoukidebel saqarTvelos“, garkveulwilad iyo imis mizezi, rom igi prezidentebs Soris yvelaze metad uyvardaT. is Tavisuflebis idea, romelic Tan axlda mis xelisuflebaSi gamoCenas, dRemde ucvlelad mohyveba mis saxels, amitom, roca vfiqrobT pirvel prezidentze, vfiqrobT damoukidebel saqarTveloze. magram, unda iTqvas, rom misi politika martivi da metad prognozirebadi iyo. samagierod, es loialuri wlebi sagrZnoblad Seicvala eduard SevardnaZis dros, romelmac, marTalia, mosvlisTanave dasavluri kursi daafiqsira, magram es im periodisTvis Cvens qveyanas Zalian mZimed daujda. Tu pirveli prezidenti xalxis azrs emsaxureboda, meore mxolod sakuTari Sexedulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT marTavda qveyanas da sabolood miviReT daSinebuli da arSemdgari saxelmwifo. amis fonze, anu „vardebis revoluciiT,“ triumfalurad movida qveynis saTaveSi mixeil saakaSvili, saqarTvelos mesame prezidenti da axalgazrduli SemarTebiT, rasac Tan qarizmatuli lideris Tvisebebi da Tanamedrove ideebi axlda, scada SevardnaZis dros dasustebuli da saerTaSoriso sazogadoebas sruliad CamoSorebuli saqarTvelos Secvla. misi mmarTvelobis dasawyisi namdvilad iyo pirveli da realuri reformaciis xana, ris Sedegadac saqarTvelo ufro progresuli da intergirebuli gaxda da Tu adre globalur politikaSi wona saerTod ar gagvaCnda, misi prezidentobis

periodSi es Seicvala. Tumca ver Seicvala Zvelis msgavsad axali lideris survili, erTpirovnulad emarTa qveyana. amas afaseben, rogorc „avtokratiulobisken midrekil mmarTvelobis stils“, romlis drosac sruli disbalansi sufevs da amis kontrols ver axerxebs verc sazogadoeba, sasamarTlo Tu sxva romelime uwyeba. sabolood miviReT is, rom mixeil saakaSvils swored ise mouwia postis datoveba, rogorc man Tavisi winamorbedi kolega gaistumra. mosaxleobaSi gaCnda protesti da amas xelisuflebis cvlilebac mohyva. 2013 wlis 27 oqtombers saprezidento arCevnebi Sedga da xmaTa 62%-iT giorgi margvelaSvili mogvevlina saqarTvelos meoTxe prezidentad. axalarCeuli prezidentis inauguraciis Semdeg ZalaSi Sevida konstituciuri Sesworeba, romlis Tanaxmadac, prezidentis uflebebi premierministrisa da mTavrobis sasargeblod SeizRuda. Tumca imis fonze, rom saqarTvelos konstitucia daaxloebiT 33-jer Seicvala, ra Tqma unda, arc es iyo bolo, radgan axali konstituciuri cvlileba gvTavazobs, rom amieridan saarCevno kolegiis jgufi gadawyvets vis andos qveynis pirveli piris tituli. arapirdapir arCeviT wess sxva Sesworebebic daemata, romlis mixedviTac, prezidents sagrZnoblad SeezRuda uflebebi. is rCeba saxelmwifos meTaurad da uflebamosili iqneba veto daados miRebul kanonproeqts, magram mas ekrZaleba uaris Tqma parlamentis umravlesobis mier SerCeul premierministris kandidatze. aseve, izRudeba misi erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani ufleba - saSinao da sagareo politikis warmarTva, rac am konstituciur instituts sakmaod asustebs. Tumca igi SeinarCunebs moqalaqeobis miniWebis, msjavrdebulebis Sewyalebisa da saxelmwifo premiebis gadacemis uflebas. mmarTvel gunds Tu davujerebT, maTi mizania, saqarTvelo iqces evropuli ti pis saparlamento respublikad. yofili prezidenti, giorgi margvelaSvili ki fiqrobs, rom prezidentis roli saerTaSoriso molaparakebebsa da formatSi imdenad mniSvnelovania, rom amis SezRudva ar iyo marTebuli nabiji: „me vcdilobdi prezidentis rolis warmoCenas da am rolis detalurad axsnas; imis gaazrebas, rom msoflio aris konkurentunariani da am globalur bazarze prezidenti Cveni sakiTxis win wamowevas unda ecados.“ zogadad, 1992 wlis - anu saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentis, zviad gamsaxurdias wasvlis Semdeg, qveyanaSi erTi TvalSisacemi tendencia damkvidrda. liderebi Zalauflebis SenarCunebas cdiloben manam, sanam axali partia ar gadawyvets, rom movides da „daixsnas“ moqalaqeebi am mravalwliani rutinisagan. im gansxvavebiT, rom axalmosulic imave yoveldRiurobas gvaziarebs da ase grZeldeba usasrulod. damTrgunvelia imis yureba, rom am politikur TamaSebSi msxverpli yovelTvis qarTveli eria. i g i a aseve konkretuli Zalis gamarjvebis upirobo garanti, magram ris sanacvlod? umuSevrobis done, anu qveynis erT-erTi yvelaze mTavari p r o b -

arCevnebi 2018

lema, 2005 wlidan dRemde mxolod 2%-iT Semcirda. kandidatebs ki am problemis gadasaWrelad gansxvavebuli dapirebebi hqondaT mosaxleobisTvis. erTni sazRvargareT samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebas gvTavazobdnen, meoreni antikorufciul ideebze saubrobdnen. realuri mizezebis povnas ki arc aravin cdilobda da, rac unda gasakviri iyos, arc aravin iTxovda. axla, roca salome zurabiSvils saqarTvelos prezidentis tituliT mouwevs mdgomareobis gamosworebaze fiqri, sainteresoa, SemogvTavazebs Tu ara igi im evropul princi pebs, romelze dayrdnobiTac mihyavda misi winasaarCevno kampania. evropuli cvlilebebis magaliTi ki man, pirvel yovlisa, swored rom, safrangeTidan unda aiRos. marTalia, batoni makronis msgavsad is triumfaluri dapirebebiT ar dastydomia saqarTvelos Tavs, magram imeds vitovebT, axalgazrda frangi kolegisgan iswavla is, rom reformebis ganxorcieleba qveynis progresis mTavari winapirobaa. saerTaSoriso mediaSi qveynisTvis aseve progresulad Tvlian faqts, rom saqarTveloSi pirveli qali prezidenti avirCieT. istoriuli TvalsazrisiT, Cveni qveyana aseTi nabijebiT yovelTvis gamoirCeoda, roca konkretuli epoqisTvis damaxasiaTebel titulebs, swored rom, qals vaniWebdiT, Cvens mowinave mezoblebze bevrad ufro adre. magaliTad, amerikam Tu 45-e saprezidento arCevnebzec ver SeZlo qali kandidaturis pirveloba ezeima, Cven es mexuTeze movaxerxeT da am faqtTan dakavSirebiT uamravi gansxvavebuli azris mosmena SegiZliaT. momavali istorikosi da Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis kursdamTavrebuli, nino ivanaZe 2018 wlis arCevnebs CvenTan saubrisas ase afasebs: „winasaarCevno garemom da arCevnebis orive turma datova gancda, rom saqarTveloSi politikuri arCevanis gakeTebis SesaZlebloba ar gvaqvs. amitom mimaCnia, rom es ar iyo romelime kandidatis gamarjveba. aq amomrCeveli viRacas ki ar aZlevda xmas, aramed viRacis winaaRmdeg. ar undoda erTi kandidati da irCevda meores, Tumca Zalian sasiamovnoa is faqti, rom gvyavs pirveli qali prezidenti, aseve, sainteresoa vnaxoT, rogor ganviTardeba misi politika.“ yvela vTanxmdebiT imaze, rom miuxedavad imisa, prezidentis uflebebi izRudeba, 2018 wlis arCevnebi bolo wlebis manZilze yvelaze xmauriani politikuri movlena iyo saqarTveloSi. meore turis daniSvnis Semdeg, sabolood dasrulda rigiT meSvide saprezidento arCevnebi, magram bevri mainc miiCnevs, rom is ar iyo romelime kandidatisTvis gamarjvebis momtani. axla ki, roca ukanasknelad avirCieT Cveni surviliT qveynis meTauri da wesiT, yvelaze did ndobas mas unda vucxadebdeT, sazogadoeba mainc orad aris gayofili da momavlis prognozireba, garTulebuli politikuri garemos fonze, kidev ufro SeuZlebeli xdeba.

SeniSvna: masala Seicavs pirad mosazrebebs

ana msxalaZe

3

socialuri panorama

reportaJi

ubinao devnilebi - rigi usasrulobamde

,,Tbilisis zRvis“ piras rvasarTuliani Zveli agurisferi Senoba dgas. fasadi adgil-adgil CamoSlilia, kibeebi dazianebuli, kedlebic arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi. am SenobaSi kompaqturad Sesaxlebuli iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi ukve 25 welia cxovroben. sabWoTa kavSiris dangrevisa da damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semdeg, saqarTvelos xelisuflebas umniSvnelovanesi problema daudga dRis wesrigSi devnili mosaxleobis saxiT. 90-ian wlebSi ganviTarebuli SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebisa da 2008 wlis „agvistos omis“ Sedegad, aTiaTasobiT ojaxi mudmivi sacxovreblis gareSe darCa. meoTxe sarTulze grZel, Cabnelebul derefans TuN409-e oTaxamde gavuyvebiT da oTaxSic SevixedavT, gavicnobT 70 wlis qalbaton cico qanTarias, an rogorc TviTon urCevnia - cico bebos, da mis meuRles, baton vaxtang qanTarias. moxuci col-qmari jer Tqven gamogkiTxavT vin xarT, iq ras akeTebT, mere ki TavianT istorias mogiyvebian, gansakuTrebuli tkiviliT da Tvalebze cremlmoreviT gaixseneben im periods, romelic 1993 wlis afxazeTis omisas da mis Semdeg gamoiares. Tumca, rogorc cico bebo ambobs, yvelaze rTuli Tanamedrove yofa aRmoCnda. im uamravi problemidan, romelic mis patara ojaxs aqvs, yvelaze mniSvnelovani isaa, rom arasaTanado pirobebSi uwevT cxovreba. kedlebi nestiania, wvimisas fanjrebidan wyali oTaxSi Sedis, zamTarSi oTaxis gaTboba uWirT. cico bebo da misi ojaxi ukve didi xania biniT dakmayofilebis molodinSia. biniT dakmayofilebaSi is programa igulisxmeba, romelic 2009 wlidan xorcieldeba da miznad isaxavs iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebis grZelvadian gansaxlebas. saqarTvelos okupirebuli teritoriebidan iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa, gansaxlebisa da ltolvilTa saministros oficialuri informaciiT, amJamad saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 90 000 devnili ojaxia da maTi umTavresi problema swored grZelvadiani gansaxlebaa. saxelmwifos mier SemuSavebuli programebic, ZiriTadad, am problemis gadaWrazea morgebuli. arsebuli programebidan yvelaze moTxovnadi ax-

alaSenebul korpusSi binis miRebis programaa, romlis farglebSic 30 000-ze meti ganacxadia Sevsebuli. proeqti ukve wlebia, rac mimdinareobs da am xnis ganmavlobaSi 18 645-ma devnilma ojaxma miiRo sacxovrebeli farTi axalaSenebul an reabilitirebul korpusSi. amave saministros statistikis mixedviT, yvelaze meti ojaxi 2009 wels iqna am programis farglebSi sacxovrebeli farTiT dakmayofilebuli, rac pirvel rigSi 2008 wlis agvistos omis Sedegad warmoqmnili devnilTa axali talRiT iyo gamowveuli.

Sevsebuli ganacxadebidan erTerTi cico bebos ekuTvnis. rogorc qalbatoni cico ambobs, mas ukve ramdenime welia ganacxadi Sevsebuli aqvs da kriteriumebis sakmaris raodenobasac akmayofilebs, Tumca biniT jer mainc ar akmayofileben. kriteriumebi, romelTa mixedviTac devnilTaTvis binis gadacema xdeba, or kategoriad iyofa: socialuri da sacxovrebeli pirobebis Sefasebis kriteriumebi. sacxovrebeli pirobebis SefasebaSi igulisxmeba qiriT cxovrobs Tu ara devnili, kerZo sakuTrebaSi xom ar cxovrobs, ra mdgomareobaSia is Senoba, romelSic cxovrobs da a.S. socialur kriteriumebSi igulisxmeba socialurad daucvelis statusi, mravalSvilianoba, martoxela dedoba, ojaxis wevrebis janmrTelobis statusi, aseve, romelime ojaxis wevri omis veterani an omSi daRupuli xom ar aris da a.S. cico bebos mezoblad erT patara oTaxSi 29 wlis nana cxovrobs meuRlesa da 3 SvilTan erTad. misi mTavari problemac gausaZlisi sacxovrebeli pirobebia. mZime pirobebis gamo axali biniT dakmayofilebis gancxadebiT devnilTa saministros specialur komisias mimarTa, magram komisiam miiCnia, rom is da misi ojaxi jer binas

ar imsaxureben. wvimiani amindebi arc nanas ojaxSi uyvarT, miTumetes civi zamTari.

Tumca, nanasTvis yvelaze rTuli 3 Svilis 12 kv.m farTobis oTaxSi aRzrdaa. rogorc is ambobs, kriteriumebis mixedviT, masac didi xania sacxovrebeli farTi ekuTvnis, Tumca, imis gamo, rom zogierTi devnili xelovnurad amZimebs sakuTar mdgomareobas, pirvel rigSi maT akmayofileben da magaliTad asaxelebs ramdenime axalgazrda gogonas, romlebic martoxela dedebad registrirdebian, raTa sxvaze adre miiRon bina. saqarTvelos okupirebuli teritoriebidan devnilTa, Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros devnilTa sakiTxebis departamentis ufrosi murad abloTia ambobs: ,,aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac devnili cdilobs sxvaze adre miiRos bina da amisTvis garkveul sabuTebs ayalbebs, monitoringis periodSi sxva sacxovrebel adgils migviTiTebs, sardafSi Sedis damatebiTi qulebis mosapoveblad da a.S. aseTi SemTxvevebi sakmaod xSiria da didxansac grZeldeba, Tumca maTi 95%-is gamoaSkaravebas Cven vaxerxebT.“ am statistikis arc cico bebos, arc nanas da maT sxva mezoblebs sjeraT. isini amboben, rom motyuebis gziT binis miRebis gacilebiT ufro meti SemTxveva rCeba gamouaSkaravebeli da erTxmad Tanxmdebian, rom saxelmwifom ufro detalurad unda gadaamowmos sabuTebi, informacia, romelsac devnilebi awvdian maT, raTa, binebis gadacemis procesi ufro samarTliani da gamWvirvale gaxdes. procesis gamkacrebasTan erTad, devnili mosaxleoba moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifom rac SeiZleba male gadaWras maTi grZelvadiani gansaxlebis problema. mosaxleobis garkveuli nawili miiCnevs, rom es problema ukve didi xnis mogvarebuli unda iyos.

departamentis ufrosi ambobs, rom aRniSnuli problemis mogvareba vadebTanaa dakavSirebuli. dRevandeli mdgomareobiT Tu 1,5 miliardi sakmarisia problemis 3-4 weliwadSi srulad mosagvareblad, 5 wlis Semdeg es Tanxa SeiZleba saerTod ar iyos sakmarisi. man aseve aRniSna, rom axal programaze muSaoben, romelic Seexeba devnilebs, romelTac miwis nakveTi aqvT da saxlis aSeneba surT. programa, savaraudod, momavali wlidan amoqmeddeba. sanam axali programis farglebSi devnilebis moTxovnebi dakmayofildeba, Senobis meSvide da merve sarTulebze gausaZlis pirobebSi uwevT cxovreba. saxuravidan wvimis wyali oTaxebSi CasdiT, sasmeli wylisa da kanalizaciis dazianebuli milebidan wyali derefnebsa da oTaxebSi iRvreba, Weri da kedlebi nestisgan iSleba, iataki ki ayrilia. swored amis gamo, seqtemberSi aq mcxovreb ramdenime ojaxs rigis gareSe misces bina, Tumca rogorc devnilebi amboben, gadawyvites ukan daebrunebinaT, vinaidan binis farTi suladobas ar Seesabameboda da 4 an 5 suliani ojaxi fizikurad ver SeZlebda im binaSi cxovrebas.

4 Svilis dedam, Tamunam, gvaris gamxela ar isurva, Tumca, rogorc Tavad ambobs, xelmowerebis Segrovebisa da devnilTa departamentSi yoveldRiuri siarulis Sedegad, dapireba miiRes, romlis mixedviTac dekemberSi, rodesac qulebis mixedviT daiwyeba devnilTaTvis binebis gadacemis procesi, am ojaxebsac aucileblad gaiTvaliswineben, miuxedavad imisa, rom maT jer sakmarisi qulebi ar aqvT binis misaRebad. rac Seexeba axal programas, romelic, savaraudod, momavali wlidan amoqmeddeba, cico bebo naklebadaa dainteresebuli misiT. mas arc miwis nakveTi aqvs da arc saxlis aSenebas gegmavs, is mouTmenlad elis biniT dakmayofilebulTa axali siis gamoqveynebas im imediT, rom amjerad mainc amoikiTxavs sakuTar gvars da momaval zamTars mainc Sexvdeba Tbil saxlSi.

dea RirdalaZe

azartuli TamaSebi - azarti Tu damokidebuleba?

daviT baxtaZe axla 32 wlisaa, man 28 wlis asakSi daiwyo onlain kazinoSi TamaSi. ris gamoc, gaucnobiereblad, uamravi axlobeli dakarga. Tavidan TamaSs aTi laris CaricxviT iwyebda, rasac zogjer ramdenime aTasis wageba da gaTenebuli Rameebi mohyveboda. mas Semdeg ki, rac fexi kazinoSi Sedga, yvelaferi garTulda, TiTqos am adgilma mas saxlic ki Caunacvla. „Cemi cxovreba jojxeTs hgavs. ramdenime welia, rac azartul TamaSebze sakmaod damokidebuli gavxdi. Tavidan Zalian Tavdajerebuli viyavi, mego-

4

na ver momereoda, maSin mxolod finansuri mogeba mainteresebda, Semdeg nel-nela, TavisTavad TamaSi Cemi cxovrebis ganuyofeli nawili gaxda. sakmaod gvian gavaanalize, rom uamravi vali damigrovda da finansuri problemebic Semeqmna, am yvelafers daemata Zalian seriozuli fsiqologiuri stresi. yofila iseTi SemTxvevebic, roca kazinoSi TamaSisas, sruliad gaucnobiereblad, ori dRe gadamibams da veraferi gamigia”, - ambobs daviTi. „saerTaSoriso gamWvirovaloba saqarTvelos“ dakveTiT, 2016 wels, „kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centrma“ Caatara sazogadoebrivi azris kvleva. kvlevis erT-erTi mizani iyo imis gageba, Tu ramdenadaa CarTuli saqarTvelos mosaxleoba azartul TamaSebSi. rogorc aRmoCnda, gamokiTxulTa 94% ar TamaSobs msgavs TamaSebs. darCenili 6%-dan ki umravlesoba upiratesobas onlain totalizators aniWebs. azartul moTamaSeTa umetesoba garTobis mizniT TamaSobs, isini ufro xSirad ageben, vidre igeben. gamokiTxulTa mxolod 2%-ma ganacxada, rom azartuli TamaSebis gamo mas an misi ojaxis wevrs mniSvnelovani finansuri problema Seqmnia da es problema, umetes SemTxvevaSi, bolo 1 wlis ganmavlobaSi warmoiSva. Cven vecadeT ufro zustad gagvego, Tu ra mdgomareobaa kazinoebSi. „kazinoSi yvela socialuri fenis warmomadgeneli dadis. dadian rogorc mamakacebi, aseve qalebi, moxucebi da fexmZimeebic ki. aq sasurveli klientebi isini arian, vinc 400-500 dolariT Semodian. arian e.w. “sufTa igrokebi”, romlebic sul male xdebian TamaSze damokidebulebi. saTamaSo biznesis wesia, moTamaSes drois SegrZneba daakargvinos, amitomac ar Sedis kazinoSi mzis Suqi,

iq verc saaTs naxavT sadme. kazinoebs vi pklientebic hyavT. es moTamaSeTa is kategoriaa, romlebic did fsonebs deben da ubralod gasarTobad TamaSoben”, – ambobs Cveni respondenti daviT baxtaZe. imisaTvis, rom ufro zustad gagvego, ra safrTxis Semcvelia azartuli TamaSebi fsiqolog salome beJaniZes gavesaubreT: “saqarTveloSi es problema Zalian mwvave da masStaburia, uamrav adamians dauzianda fsiqika da daavadda. azartuli TamaSebi iwvevs seriozul fizikur da fsiqologiur damokidebulebas, rasac gemblingi ewodeba . gemblingiT daavadebulTa maxasiaTeblebia: Zlieri ltolva TamaSis mimarT, mZime konfliqtebidan, xSirad tyuiliT, Tavis daRwevis unari. kritikulebi arian ojaxis wevrebis mimarT. azartulad moTamaSeebi iReben vals da darwmunebulni arian, rom TamaSiT Tanxas gaaormageben.“ aseve salome beJaniZis gveubneba: ,,yvelaze savalalo is aris, rom sakmaod bevri axalgazrda TamaSobs. am situaciidan gamosavali erTaderTia xelisuflebam sazogadeoebasTan erTad unda aamoqmedos raime berketi, raTa adamianebs naklebi ltolva hqondeT azartuli TamaSebis mimarT.” rogorc vxedavT, dRes saxlidan gausvleladac SegviZlia viTamaSoT. bevri adamianisTvis es damRupveli aRmoCnda, isini damokidebuli gaxdnen. azartuli TamaSebi sakmaod mwvave problemaa, kargi iqneba Tu mis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad msoflios mravali qveynis praqtikas gamoviyenebT da avamoqmdebT garkveuli saxis regulaciebs.

ana mirianaSvili

socialuri panorama

ra Rirs siTboSi gatarebuli zamTari? maSin, rodesac gare wvis gamaTbobeli oTaxSia damontaJebuli, mas namwvi oTaxSi Semoaqvs, rac fatalur Sedegs iwvevs“, - gveubneba mariami.

Sesabamisad, problema maSin mogvardeba, rodesac adamianebi bunebriv airTan dakavSirebuli teqnikis sworad gamoyenebas iswavlian. rac Seexeba odorizacias, is gveubneba, rom bunebriv airSi odorantis SeSveba yovelTvis xdeba, raTa bunebrivi airis gaJonvis SemTxvevaSi adamianebma suni igrZnon. mariam turiaSvilis informaciiT, mravali wlis win gayvanili miwiszeda da miwisqveSa milebis Secvla 2018 wlis zafxulSi daiwyo: ,,naZaladevSi ramdenime aTas abonents am droisTvis axali milebiT miewodeba gazi da igegmeba am procesis gagrZeleba sxva ubnebSic“. garda amisa, misi bunebrivi airis namwviT gamowveu- normebi, romlebic mkacrad aregTqmiT, mosaxleobis informireli msxverpli, adamianebis mowam- ulirebda teqnikur sakiTxebs. bis mizniT, 2 welia mimdinareobs vla da sacxovrebeli binebis gazis momwodebel kompaniebs evprograma ,,meti usafrTxoebisTafeTqeba qarTvelebisTvis ucxo alebodaT rogorc miwiszeda, ise vis“, romlis farglebSic iRear aris. yoveli wlis Semodgomis miwisqveSa gazgayvanilobis monben videoebs im adamianebze, vinc bolodan gazafxulis dasawyisam- itoringi, SekeTeba, abonentebis tragedia sakuTar Tavze gamosde aTobiT aseTi SemTxveva xdeba, gafrTxileba, dacva. 2008 wels cada, raTa xalxma dainaxos, Tu razec pasuxismgeblobas aravin gauqmda kanoni da axla Tavad ra ziani SeiZleba moutanos maT iRebs. yaztransgazis informaci- kompaniebi qmnian normebs, romlebgaufrTxileblobam. aseve, igegmeba iT, bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi sac Tavad icaven, rac aris sruli SarSandeli kampaniis gagrZeleba, bunebrivi airiT 64 adamiani gar- nonsensi“,- gveubneba simoniSvili. romelSic igulisxmeba qviTardaicvala, 194 ki moiwamla. mizezi misive TqmiT, mTavari problema, Tan erTad abonentebTan flaeris adamianTa gaufrTxilebloba, te- rac Tbilisis gazgayvanilobas mitana, romelzec usafrTxoebis qnikis gaumarTavoba, gazgayvani- aqvs, misi moxmarebis vadis 2-jer normebia datanili. lobis moZveleba da sxva mrava- gasvlaa; gazificireba pirvelad li SeiZleba iyos. mravalwliani 1960 wels moxda, mas Semdeg gayrogor aviridoT Tavidan gamocdilebis Sedegad, ar arse- vaniloba TiTqmis ar Secvlila, ubeduri SemTxveva? bobs safrTxe, romelzec zogadi gazsadenis funqcionirebis vada informacia abonentebsa da gazis ki 30 welia, esec im SemTxvevaSi, soso simoniSvilis TqmiT, pirvel mimwodebel kompaniebs ar aqvT. Tu gazsadens eleqtroqimiuri rigSi, unda gaviazroT, rom toqsidacva aqvs. 80-iani wlebis Semdeg kuri nivTiereba aris ara bune21 wlis roma kalandaZes gaziT am meTodiT Tbilisis gazsadenebs brivi airi, aramed misi namwvi, Tummowamvlis araerT SemTxvevaze aRar icaven. ekonomistis gamoTvca orivem, garkveul SemTxvevebSi, smenia, Tumca amas sakuTar Tavze lebiT, mTliani gazgayvanilobis Tu gamocdida, ver warmoidgenda. gamocvla daaxloebiT 700 mil- SeiZleba tragedia gamoiwvios.

1 wlis win misi ojaxi tragedias ioni lari dajdeba, magram amiT namwvi im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba gadaurCa. roma ixsenebs, rom Zli- aravin interesdeba, radgan kanoni moxvdes saxlSi, Tu gamwovi kedlidan metra-naxevarze naklebi maner qars wylis gamaTboblis nam- aravis avaldebulebs. wvi saxlSi Sehqonda, rasac xeli misive dakvirvebiT, bunebriv ZiliTaa daSorebuli, amitom misi Seuwyo moZvelebulma gamwovma airSi mcire raodenobiT odor- montaJisas es faqtori aucilebsistemam da gamaTbobelma. ,,sax- antebi SehyavT, amitom gazs iseTi lad unda gaviTvaliswinoT. aseve, lSi 6 adamiani viyaviT, aqedan 3 mkveTri suni ar aqvs, rogoric gare wvis gamaTbobebli ar unda oTaxSi. zogaarasrulwlovani. Tavidan gvego- unda hqondes. amis mizezad is davamontaJoT na, rom saWmelma mogvwamla, Tumca gazgasamarTi sadgurebis saer- dad gamaTboblebisa da gamacxrodesac deidaCems fexze dgoma To sistemaSi yofnas asaxelebs. eleblebis dayeneba ar SeiZleba gauWirda, maSinve davrekeT sas- odorizaciis saWiro normis saabazanoSi. saukeTeso adgili is wrafoSi. 5 wuTSi movida poli- SemTxvevaSi, avtomobilebi, rom- iqneba, sadac mis kontrols mTeli cia, saswrafo da yaztransgazi, lebic sawvavad gazs iyeneben, dRis ganmavlobaSi SeZlebT. aRmogviCines pirveladi daxmareba ayroldebian da mTel qalaqSi da SeakeTes dazianebuli gamaT- dadgeba misi suni, amitom saWiroa bobeli. gagvimarTla, rom male gazgasamarTi da abonentebisTvis mivxvdiT, rac xdeboda“,- gviyveba misawodebeli sistemebis gayofa. roma. misive TqmiT, yaztransgasoso simoniSvilis azriT, probzis ufaso Semowmebis programiT lemis mougvareblobis kidev erTi ar usargebliaT, Tavs usafrTxod mizezi mosaxleobisTvis inforgrZnobdnen, radgan manamde aras- maciis arasistematuri miwodedros hqoniaT aseTi SemTxveva. baa. misi azriT, gazis kompania socialur reklamas xSirad unda akeTebdes, weliwadis am monakveTra keTdeba problemis Si ki, maTi warmomadgeneli mosaxmosagvareblad? leobas rekomendaciebs yoveldRe ekonomistisa da yaztransga- unda aZlevdes . yaztransgazis warmomadgenezis direqtoris yofili moadgilis soso simoniSvilis azriT, li problemis mougvareblobis problema ar unda veZeboT adami- mizezs mosaxleobis daudevrobaanebis daudevrobaSi an gaufrTx- Si xedavs. mariam turiaSvilis ileblobaSi. yvelafris saTave TqmiT, tragediebs, xSir SemTx,,maxinj kanonmdeblobaSia“. 2008 vevaSi, arasworad damontaJebuli wlamde moqmedebda teqnikuri danadgarebi iwvevs. ,,magaliTad,

Cveni respondentis informaciiT, SeuZlebelia bunebrivma gazma dagvazianos, Tu saxlSi fanjara Ria gvaqvs.

faqtobrivad, aseT SemTxvevebSi riski nuls utoldeba. rogorc simoniSvili gvixsnis, aucilebeli ar aris bunebrivma airma gaJonos, Tu mTeli bina dagmanulia, Cven mainc gavigudebiT, radgan oTaxSi arsebuli Jangbadi amoiwureba.

Cveni gamaTbobeli 10-20-jer met Jangbads moixmars, vidre Cven, amitom roca is CarTulia, Cven erTmaneTis konkurentebi varT. Tu gamaTbobels, iseve, rogorc Cven, ar eyofa Jangbadi, is naxSiroJangis nacvlad gamoyofs naxSirJangs, rac toqsikuri nivTierebaa da SeuZlia Cveni Zlierad mowamvla da mokvla. uJangbadobis amocnoba SegviZlia gazis alis feris mixedviT. rodesac is wiTelia, ese igi, Jangbadi aklia, Tu cisferia, yvelaferi kargad aris da SegviZlia mSvidad viyoT.

,,im SemTxvevaSi Tu gazma gaJona da yvelaferi dagmanulia, oTaxSi grovdeba didi raodenobiT bunebrivi airi. Tu misi Semcveloba gaxdeba 5-dan 15%-mde, asanTis gakvra an sinaTlis anTeba Zlier afeTqebas gamoiwvevs. Tu sarkmeli sul Ria gveqneba, Cven da gamaTbobels ar mogvakldeba Jangbadi, gazis gaJonvis SemTxvevaSi ki ar dagrovdeba bunebrivi airi, rac afeTqebis da mowamvlis risks absoluturad gamoricxavs“, gvirCevs yaztransgazis direqtoris yofili moadgile. amgvarad, manam, sanam pasuxismgebeli instituciebi problemebTan brZolas ufro efeqtianad SeZleben, TiToeulma moqalaqem unda gaviTvaliswinoT eqspertTa rekomendaciebi da davicvaT sakuTari Tavi.

akaki alagardaSvili

5

socialuri panorama

Qqalaqi, romelic ver sunTqavs sofo dalaqiSvili profesiiT farmacevtia. ramdenime wlis win, roca misi Svili diabada ojaxma qalaqgareT sacxovreblad gadasvla gadawyvita. Aamis erT-erTi mizezi ki bavSvebis jansaR da sufTa garemoSi aRzrda iyo. sofosTvis, iseve rogorc adamianebis umetesi nawilisTvis, jansaR garemos maTi sicocxlisTvis Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs. Tanamedrove samyaroSi ki cxovrebis ganviTarebis ritmma bevri ram Secvala, maT Soris ekologiuri mdgomareobac. wylis, haerisa da sayofacxovrebo narCenebiT garemos danagvianeba erT-erTi mniSvnelovani problemaa msoflioSi da mTel saqarTveloSic. jandacvis msoflio organizaciis (WHO) 2016 wlis monacemebiT, planetis mkvidrTa 92% cxovrobs iseT dabinZurebul garemoSi, romlis atmosferul haerSi Sxam-qimikatebis Semcveloba organizaciis mier dawesebul zRvars aRemateba.

Yyovelwliurad ki msoflioSi dabinZurebuli haeris Sedegad 3 milioni adamiani iRupeba. bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelo, maT Soris Tbilisic, ramdenimejer aRmoCnda sxvadasxva msoflio organizaciis yuradRebis centrSi, rogorc erT-erTi yvelaze haerdabinZurebuli qalaqi. jandacvis msoflio organizaciis cnobiT, TbilisSi dabinZurebis niSnuli dawesebul zRvars 2.9-jer aRemateba. saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da soflis meurneobis saministros 2016 wlis angariSebis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi sul 44.5 aTasi tona mavne nivTiereba gamoifrqva.

Mmavne nivTierebebi sxvadasxva gziT xvdeba atmosferoSi.Ddid qalaqebSi, samxreT kavkasiis qveynebsa da maT Soris TbilisSic, haers smogi abinZurebs. smogi kvamlis, nislisa da mtvris masaa, romelic fabrika-qarxnebisa da transportis gamonabolqvisgan warmoiqmneba, magaliTisTvis rom warmoidginoT is RrubeliviT grovdeba qalaqis Tavze da vakuumis msgavs ares qmnis. „ zogadad Tbilisis teritoriaze haeris mdgomareoba aradamakmayofilebelia”- ganmartavs “ saqarTvelos mwvaneTa moZraobis wevri” ekologi TaTia Ciqovani. _ “ Tbilisis teritoriaze yvelaze dabinZurebuli 3 adgilia aRniSnuli: wereTlis gamziri, varkeTilis

blogi

haeris mdgomareobze dakvirveba mimdinareobs. Tsu-is analizuri fizikisa da qimiis kaTedris asistent-profesoriGgiorgi jibuti qalaqis haerSi Sxam-qimikatebis zRvrul Semcvelobaze gvesaubreba. “haeris sinjebs qalaqis sxvadasxva adgilas da universitetis teritorize viRebT. ZiriTadad azotis dioqsidisa (NO2) da myari nawilakebis (PM10) koncentraciaa gansakuTrebiT maRali zRvrul normaze. Nnormis gadaWarbeba ZiriTadad pikis saaTebSi fiqsirdeba”, - ambobs is. “Cven vzomavT kidev erT elements, romelic ar izomeba garemos dacvis saministros mier. es aris meTani. azotis moqmedeba meTanTan mzis sxivebis Suqze iwvevs ozonis warmoqmnas. Oozoni dedamiwis zedapirisTvis sacavia, magram am SemTxvevaSi zedapirulia da SesunTqvis SemTxvevaSi toqsikuria.” misi azriT, problemaa is, rom: “Tbilisis centralur magistralebze xalxi cxovrobs quCis piras (marjaniSvilze, WavWavaZeze) da amgvari toqsikuri naerTebi uxvad xvdeba maT organizmSi, rac janmrTelobisTvis sazianoa. magaliTad, varkeTilis teritoriaze xSirad ozonis Semcvelobaa maRali”. jibutis ganmartebiTHhaeris dabinZureba qalaqSi sxvadasxva mizeziT aris ganpirobebuli. “erT SemTxvevaSi problemaa mSeneblobebi, ris gamoc konkretuli ubnebi normalurad ar niavdeba. aseve manqanebis mdgomareobac haeris dabinZurebasTan aris mibmuli. avtomanqanis gamonabolqvi Seicavs NOO-azotsa da NO2- azotis dioqsids. gansakuTrebiT dizelis manqanebSi aris es problema.”

Tamar CxikvaZe

sulis Jangbadi

sad Cavarda Tavisuflebis pirveli marcvali, zustad aravin icis, magram Tu istorias mivyvebiT, daaxloebiT 246 saukuniT ukan, aTenSi SevCerdebiT. aqedan moyolebuli, iwyeba Tavisuflebis, rogorc, jer kidev gaurkveveli, „grZnobis“, Camoyalibeba. swored antikuri periodis moazrovne adamianebma daupirispires Tavisufleba Zaladobas da amiT moamzades niadagi ukeTesi momavlisTvis. sokrate fiqrobda, rom Tavisufali iyo is, vinc gonivrulad da zneobrivad iqceoda. xolo platonis mixedviT, ltolvebiT Sepyrobili adamiani Tavisufali ver iqneboda, radgan Tavisufleba pasuxismgeblobas gulisxmobs. Semdeg iyo monteskie, ruso, lordi eqtoni, kanti, hegeli da uamravi sxva adamiani. isini cdilobdnen am cnebis saukeTeso ganmarteba SemoeTavazebinaT. sabolood, Tavisuflebis arsi Camoyalibda da gavigeT, rom es aris TviTgan-

6

teritoria da yazbegis gamziri. Pparalelurad SeiniSneba temperaturis momateba, rac satransporto saSualebebis raodenobis gazrdiT aris ganpirobebuli. gansakuTrebulad mwvave ki mainc haeris dabal fenebSi arsebuli tyviis koncentraciis Semcvelobaa”. 2018 wlis 20 noembers, germaniaSi mcxovrebma sofo tabataZem, socialur qselSi gamoaqveyna analizebis foto, romlis mixedviTac tyviis Semcveloba mis organizmSi 39.5-dan 43.7 mikrogramamde aris gazrdili. Mmisi TqmiT, es cvlileba swored Tvenaxevris ganmavlobaSi TbilisSi yofnis periodSi moxda. rogorc cnobilia, tyvia Zvlis ujredebSi grovdeba da D vitaminis SeboWviT kalciumis metabolizms aferxebs.

Sesabamisad, adamianebs, romelTac msgavsi dabinZurebuli haeris SesunTqva uwevT, ar aris gamoricxuli, rom Tmasa da SardSi tyviis Semcveloba aReniSnebodeT. “dabinZurebuli haeris SesunTqva gulsisxlZarRvTa sistemis daavadebebs an sxvadasxva ti pis janmrTelobis problemas qmnis. SeiZleba gamoiwvios Tvalis lorwovani garsis daavadebebi an sulac gaamwvavos alergiuli foni. marTalia, es niSnebi maleve ar iCens Tavs, Tumca raRac drois Semdeg adamianis organizmSi garkveuli problemis saxiT vlindeba”, - ambobs klinika ”medikoris” eqimi irina Wi paSvili.

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis, iulixis kvleviTi centrisa da troposferos laboratoriis TanamSromlobis safuZvelze, SmartAtmoSim laboratoriaSi Tbilisis

giorgi jibutis azriT, gamosavali mainc sazogadoebrivi transportis mowesrigeba, mSeneblobebis swori dagegmareba da avtomanqanebis teqdaTvalierebaa, oRond esec Zalian sworad unda daregulirdes. Mmisi TqmiT, “manqanebisTvis katalizatorebi aucilebelia, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi jansaRi garemos SenarCuneba gagviWirdeba”. aRsaniSnavia, rom efeqtianobis auditis samsaxuris 2018 wlis daskvnaSi dabinZurebis gamomwvev mTavar mizezad swored avtomanqanebis gamonabloqvia dasaxelebuli, xolo mTavar damabinZurebel nivTierebebad benzoli da azotis orJangia aRniSnuli. saqarTvelos mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT, manqanebis teqdaTvaliereba 2018 wlis 1-li ianvridan savaldebulo gaxda. teqinspeqtirebis momdevno etapi ivlisidan daiwyo, xolo 2018 wlis oqtombridan msubuqi avtomobilebisTvis gaxda aucilebeli. KteqinspeqtirebisPprocesi 2019 wlisTvis unda dasruldes. garemos erovnuli saagentos cnobiT, haeris xarisxis kontroli aqtiurad mimdinareobs rogorc TbilisSi, aseve sxva qalaqebSi: rusTavSi, baTumSi, quTaissa da mcxeTaSi. avtomaturi sadgurebis saSualebiT isazRvreba damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis koncentraciebi. haerSi tyviis Semcvelobis normas gansakuTerbiT akvirdebian sabavSvo baRebisa da skolebis mimdebare teritoriaze. saagentos cnobiT, noemberSi myari nawilakebis PM10 – is saSualo wliuri gadaWarbeba TbilisSi wereTlis gamzirze 1.3-jer da yazbegis gamzirze 1.1-jer dafiqsirda. Grogorc garemos dacvisa da soflis meurneobis saministroSi amboben, garemos erovnuli saagento dakvirvebis Sedegebs yoveldRiurad aqveynebs da haeris xarisxis monitoringis process uwyvet reJimSi agrZelebs.

Mmiuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifo uwyebebi aRiqvamen da garkveulwilad cdiloben arsebuli problemebis mogvarebas, qalaqSi mainc mZime mdgomareobaa. Eekologiuri fonis damZimeba damatebiT sxvadasxva ti pis problemebs uqmnis adamianebs, amitom Cveni da Cveni momavali Taobebis dasacavad swrafi da qmediTi nabijebis gadadgmaa aucilebeli.

sazRvris SesaZlebloba da iZulebis ararseboba. magram drom, Teoriebis, lamazi saubrebisa da kanonebis miRma sxvanairi suraTi daxata. me-15 saukuneSi afrikaSi, samxreT saharas teritoriaze, pirvelad Sevida portugalielTa eqspedicia da gaixsna monebiT vaWrobis arxi. daiwyo afrikeli monebis Sesyidva im qveynebis mier, romlebic dRes demokratiisa Tu Tavisuflebis simbolod qceulan. usamarTloba, SiSi, tanjva da damcireba kidev didxans, mecxramete saukunis bolomde gagrZelda da wyevlasaviT gasdevda am periods. samwuxarod, oraswliani brZolis Semdeg monoba kvlav arsebobs, radgan, gaeros informaciiT, daaxloebiT 12 milioni adamiani kvlavac monobaSi cxovrobs laTinur amerikaSi, afrikasa da aziaSi.

ra aris Tavisufleba?

Tavisufleba martivad aRsaqmeli da rTulad gansamarti fenomenia da sakiTxavia, srulyofilad gvaqvs Tu ara gaazrebuli dRes misi arsi. mimaCnia, rom Tavisuflebis SemzRudveli marwuxebis cvlileba Sedegs ar cvlis sazogadoebisTvis. ra mniSvneloba aqvs, ra upirispirdeba da rogor icvleba es yvelaferi drois Sesabamisad. dResac arian ZalauflebisTvis mebrZoli adamianebi, dResac aris ganaTlebis nakleboba da uxamsoba, dResac gvzRudavs religia, radgan religiis da rwmenis Tavisufleba religiisgan Tavisuflebas gulisxmobs. Tavisuflebas ewinaaRmdegeba Cveni cifruli saukunec da teqnologiuri revoluciis

sinaTlis siswrafiT ganviTarebac, romelic usulo sagnebs gvajaWvebs, saWiroebisa Tu survilis mxriv. magram yvelaze didi ubedureba gaurkvevlobaa. roca ar ici, ras niSnavs, rom iyo Tavisufali, gqondes arCevani da gaxde Sen mier arCeuli pirovneba, SenTvis ucxo grZnobis ngrevas iwyeb da nangrevebSi garSemomyofebs iTrev. samwuxarod, ori saxis ukiduresobasTan gvaqvs saqme: an zedmetad vizRudavT Tavs, an zedmetad vaTavisuflebT. sxvisi Tavisuflebis sazRvramdec ki. rogorc iliam Tqva, Tavisufleba kanonisa da samarTlisagan SeduRabebuli cixesimagrea, romlis gamZleoba da xarisxi misi mSeneblebis keTilsindisierebasa da ostatobazea damokidebuli.

SeuZlebelia, Tavisufleba da pasuxismgebloba mxolod ori gadamkveTi cneba iyos. CemTvis maT Soris tolobis niSani dgas. Tavisufleba - es aris pasuxismgebloba Seni Tavisadmi, ar moaklo mas es bedniereba da pasuxismgebloba sxvisadmi - ar waarTva mas es bedniereba. ramdeni saukunec ar unda gavides da rogorc ar unda Seicvalos garemo, erTi ram faqtia - Tavisufali aravin ibadeba. Tavisufleba aris prizi, romelic cxovrebiseuli brZolebis Semdeg grCeba. yoveldRe raRac kompleqss vumklavdebiT, SiSs vebrZviT an stereoti ps vangrevT da es martivi ar aris. magram cxovreba ar iTxovs Cvengan, rom saukeTesoebi viyoT, is mxolod saukeTeso mcdelobas iTxovs yovel gamowvevaze. yoveldRe vamarcxeb CemSi raRacas, rodesac samarSruto taqsis mZRols gaCerebasTan gaCerebas vTxov, rodesac xalxis masas

varRvev da Casvlas vcdilob maSin, roca aravin matarebs, rodesac leqciaze dasmuli kiTxvis pasuxs vcdilob, miuxedavad imisa, rom araswori mgonia da ase grZeldeba mudmivad. magram yvela am patara qmedebiT vcdilob viyo is, vinc var da ara is, vinc sxvebs undaT. “didi xani sWirdeba imas, rom iqce axalgzardad“, - zustad ar vici ras gulisxmobs pikaso am frazaSi, magram mimaCnia, rom adamiani cxovrebas im etapidan iwyebs, romelic damoukideblobasTan da TavisuflebasTan ikveTeba, magram droa saWiro, rom arseboba cxovrebiT, xolo adamiani pirovnebiT Seicvalos. am cvlilebebisken ki Tavisufleba gvibiZgebs.

mariam kepulaZe

socialuri panorama

Aautizmi - samyaros aRqmis sxva SesaZlebloba am istoriis mTavari gmiri mariamia, romelic sam wlamde ti piuri ganviTarebis mqone bavSvi iyo, sanam sabavSvo baRSi aRmzrdelebma uCveulo qcevebi ar SeamCnies da mSoblebs eqimTan miyvana ar urCies. swored aq iwyeba misi istoria. ramdenime eqimma daadastura, rom mas autisturi speqtris aSliloba hqonda. mSoblebma araferi icodnen, garda erTi, arafrismTqmeli, carieli, sityvisa – autizmi. diagnozi daisva da maT arc aravin ganumarta, ras niSnavda es da rogor unda emoqmedaT. Semdeg iyo informaciis moZieba da gulSi udidesi, eniT aRuwereli tkivilis grZnoba, roca gaiges, ramxela samyaro iSleboda am erTi sityvis ukan. mariamis dedam, maikom, Caketili kari gagviRo da autizmis samyaroSi Segvaxeda.

Hmariami axla 5 wlisaa da Cveulebrivi cxovrebiT cxovrobs. Ddila misi yviriliT iwyeba, ar uyvars gaRviZeba radgan Zilis problema aqvs. Ddadis sabavSvo baRSi, sadac didi siyvaruliT xvdebian. isic yovel dRes bednierad atarebs am garemoSi. mariamisTvis es baRi rigiT mesamea da rogorc misi dediko ambobs - bolo wina or baRSi ver Seewyvnen. uTxres, rom mzad ar iyvnen mariami mieRoT. ver Seeguen mis qcevebs. is xSirad gaRizianebulia, SesaZloa xmamaRla itiros. amis gamo sazogadoebrivi transportidanac araerTxel mouwia mariamis Camoyvana, radgan mZRolmac da sazogadoebamac agrZnobina, rom “Sewuxdnen”. “aseTi bavSvi taqsiT unda ataro, “- es aris maTi pasuxi. “sazogadoebrivi transportiT mgzavroba CemTvis wiTeli afiSasaviTaa, radgan mudam dastresili vbrundebi da damamSvideblis miRebac ki mWirdeba”, Tumca, rogorc maiko am-

bobs, es sazogadoebis nawilia da yvela ase ar fiqrobs. is erTi SemTxvevis Sesaxeb gviyveba: “ramodenime dRis win vmgzavrobdiT samarSuto taqsiT da Cemi gogona, Cveulebisamebr, TavisTvis laparakobda jer Cumad, Semdeg xmamaRali sicili daiwyo, gverdiT axalgazrda qalbatoni mejda da Cems gogonas xeli mokida da moefera. Cemma gogom Sewyvita xmamaRali tirili da Camexuta. maSinac da axlac bednieri var, Tavi Zlivs Sevikave rom ar metira, radgan me ukve Tvalebs aqeT-iqiT vacecebdi da vemzadebodi rom mkiTxavdnen, ratom iqceva ase, ra sWirs? ucxo adamianis gamoxatulma siTbom udidesi simSvide mogvgvara mec da Cems Svilsac.” arada, mariams sazogadoebrivi transportiT mgzavroba TiTqmis yoveldRe uwevs, is bavSvTa da mozardTa neirofsiqiatriul centr “sanni kids”-Si dadis. magram mariamis ojaxisTvis esec problemas warmoadgens, radgan is ver moxvda meriis autizmis programaSi da momsaxurebis Tanxis gadaxda sakuTari saxsrebiT uwevT. aRsaniSnavia, rom arsebuli centrebidan saxelmwifo arcerTi ar aris, yvela kerZoa, ubralod isini meriis programas asruleben. am bavSvebisTvis problemas mxolod sazogadebis damokidebuleba ar wamoadgens, aramed Tavad saxelmwifos midgomaa mniSvnelovani, radgan yvelaze didi pasuxismgebloba swored saxelmwifos eniWeba. rogorc am problemis mqone bavSvebis mSoblebi amboben, yvelaze mniSvnelovani aris meriis autizmis programis biujetis gazrda yvela im TviTmmarTvel qalaqSi, sadac es programa moqmedebs, raTa yvela bavSvma srulfasovnad SeZlos daxmarebis miReba. rogorc gavarkvieT, es programa

saqarTvelos ramdenime qalaqSia, magram moTxovna da dafinansebis momlodineTa sia imdenad didia, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi am bavSvebs dafinansebis misaRebad minimum erTi weli mainc uwevT lodini, programaSi moxvedris msurvelebma gancxadeba an Sesabamisi qalaqis meriaSi unda daweron, an Tavad im centrSi, romelic aRniSnul programas axorcielebs. Ggarda amisa, programaSi xvdebian mxolod is bavSvebi, romlebic im TviTmmarTvel qalaqSi arian Cawerilni, romelic mas afinansebs. aseT dros mSobeli iZulebulia finansebi Tavad moiZios. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT am procedurebis xangrZlivobas, solidur Tanxas miviRebT,risi gadaxdis saSualebac xSirad ojaxs ar aqvs. swored am sakiTxis mogvareba unda iqces saxelmwifosTvis prioritetulad, raTa yvela bavSvma drouli daxmareba miiRos. am problemaze qalaq quTaisSi arsebuli erT-erTi reabilitaciis centris qcevis Terapevts, ana RvinianiZes, vesaubreT. man aRniSna, rom, rac ufro adreul asakSi xdeba diagnostireba da speqtris mqone bavSvis qcevis TerapiaSi CarTva, miT meti Sansia mdgomareobis Semsubuqebisa. “autisturi speqtri, es aris mdgomareoba, romelic adamians, umravles SemTxvevaSi, mTeli cxovrebis manZilze mihyveba. imisTvis,rom es mdgomareoba Semsubuqdes da speqtris mqone adamianebma zrdasrul asakSi met-naklebad damoukideblad SeZlon cxovreba da funqcionireba, mniSvnelovania, rom diagnozis dasmis Semdeg maleve moxdes maTi Terapiis procesSi CarTva, amas unda hqondes sistematiuri saxe, es yvelaze mniSvnelovania.”-, ambobs ana RvinianiZe. centrebTan erTad aucilebel prob-

lemas am sakiTxSi kvalificiuri maswavleblebi warmoadgenen. Ees exeba rogorc sabavSvo baRs, ise skolas. am bavSvebs yvelaze meti drois gatareba swored am dawesebulebebSi uwevT da aucileblobas warmoadgens, maT hqondeT saWiro codna, Tu rogor iurTierTon autisturi speqtris mqone bavSvebTan. ganaTlebis saministroSi gvidastureben, rom skolebs hyavT spec. maswavleblebi, romlebic swored sxvadasxva saWiroebis mqone bavSvebTan muSaoben, maT Soris, autisturi speqtris mqone bavSvebTanac. xolo rac Seexeba sabavSvo baRs, aq sxva mdgomareobaa. TiTqmis yvela dawesebulebas hyavs fsiqologi, romelic saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi muSaobs am bavSvebTan, magram Tavad maswavleblebi ar arian mzad gansakuTrebuli saWiroebis mqone bavSvebTan imuSaon. am mxriv saxelmwifos ganaTlebis sistemas jer kidev bevri aqvs samuSao, raTa es bavSvebic sazogadoebis srulyofili wevrebi gaxdnen. autisturi speqtris mqone bavSvebis raodenoba yovelwliurad imatebs. amerikis davadebaTa kontrolis da prevenciis centris kvlevebiT, es mdgomareoba 4-jer ufro xSirad gvxvdeba biWebSi vidre gogonebSi. 2014 wlis monacemebiT, 68 bavSvidan erTs autisturi speqtri aRmoaCnda. unda aRiniSnos, rom aseT bavSvebs xSirad aqvT xatvis, musikis, angariSis, maTematikisda mxedvelobiTi garCevis da a.S. gaZlierebuli unarebi.

SeniSvna: statiaSi gamoyenebuli saxelebi ar emTxveva realurs

naTia giorgaZe

bavSvebi kedels miRma is saklaso oTaxSi bolo merxze zis, gakveTilebis mimdinareobisas TiTqmis SeumCnevelia. Tanatolebi masTan urTierTobas gaurbian, TiTqos daRi daasves, rogorc jgufis im wevrs, romelTan miaxloebac ki akrZalulia. amas TviTonac kargad xvdeba da arc aravis eCxireba TvalSi. dasvenebebze cdilobs, ar gaerios klaselebs, xSirad fiqrobs, ratom is da ara sxvebi. sityvebs frTxilad arCevs, vaiTu, iseTi ram wamoscdes, klaselebma dascinon. es mokle aRweraa im mdgomareobis, romelsac bulingis msxverpli yoveldRiurad ganicdis. erTi SexedviT, gare fasadidan, yvelaferi rigzea. problema imdenad kargad aris SefuTuli, rom Zneli SesamCnevia realuri suraTi, verc gakveTilebis msvlelobisas SeamCnevT rames. yvelaferi zaris darekvis Semdeg iwyeba. TxuTmeti wuTi sruliad sakmarisia imisTvis, rom sxva samyaroSi moxvde. iqneb dRes mainc SeZlos da aravin gaamaxvilos masze yuradReba, magram ara! yoveli mcdeloba imisa, rom SeumCneveli iyos, uSedegod sruldeba. yvela bavSvi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebulia. maTi pirovnuli Tvisebebi adreuli asakidanve yalibdeba. rac ufro izrdebian, miT ufro metad ikveTeba gansxvaveba mozardebs Soris. zogi imdenad gansxvavdeba Tanatolebisgan, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi, jgufisTvis miuRebeli xdeba. erTi SexedviT es bunebrivi procesi zogierTisTvis sruliad miuRebelia. yovelive amas jer ukmayofileba mohyveba, mere dacinva, bolos agresia da gariyva. yvela SemTxveva erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebulia da rTulia imis Tqma, konkretulad ra niSniT SeiZleba SeirCes obieqti. rogorc wesi, verc msxverpli garkveula viTarebaSi, ver gaugia, ratom dascinian. albaT imitom, rom misi tansacmeli ar hgavs sxvebisas, iqneb imitom, rom misi Tmis stili ar moswonT, an iqneb gansxvavebuli garegnoba aqvs. arada, yovelTvis cdilobs, Tanatolebs Tavi moawonos da warmodgena Seacvlevinos masze, Tumca yoveli mcdeloba uSedegoa. rogorc wesi, stresi mozardis fsiqi-

bad miiCnevdnen da amitom uCndebodeT survili, mTeli negatiuri emocia sxvebisken mimarTon. ase cdiloben, rom sxvebis fonze ukeTesebi gamoCndnen. arsebuli mdgomareobis gamosworeba sulac ar aris martivi. saWiroa imis gacnobiereba, rom daxmareba ara marto msxverpls, aramed moZaladesac sWirdeba. swored amitom aris saWiro, skolebs hyavdes piradi fsiqologi, romelic konsultacias gauwevs moswavleebs saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, gansakuTrebiT gardatexis asakSi, rodesac mozardis bilogiuri da fsiqikuri maxasiaTeblebi icvleba. miuxedavad saWiroebisa, yvela skolas ar aqvs amis SesaZlebloba. piradi fsiqologi Tu ara, minimaluri rac SeiZleba gakeTdes, maswavleblebis gadamzadebaa am mimarTulebiT.

dumili, rogorc TavdacviTi meqanizmi

kur janmrTelobaze uaryofiTad aisaxeba. yvelaferSi sakuTar Tavs adanaSaulebs, rac ufro izrdeba, metad Caketili xdeba. momxdarma SesaZloa imdenad imoqmedos mozardze, rom survili gauCndes sicocxle fatalurad daasrulos. an piriqiT, sruliad SesaZlebelia, dagrovili brazi SemdegSi masze ufro sust adamianebze ZaladobiT gamoavlinos. msxverpli arasodes aRiarebs faqts, rom mas Cagraven. maswavlebelTan misvla da imis Tqma, rom klaselebi dascinian, rTulia. urCevnia yoveldRe wnexis qveS iyos, vidre klaselebi daasminos. eSinia. amitom arc arafers ambobs, iqneb misma saqcielma kidev ufro meti agresia gamoiwvios klaselebis mxridan. sjobs, rom yvelaferi Tavis adgilze darCes. arsebul mdgomareobaze warmodgena arc mSoblebs aqvT. saxlSi TiTqmis sul uxasiaTodaa. zogjer skolaSi wasvlaze uars

acxadebs, mizezi ki garSemomyofebisTvis gaugebaria. kiTxvaze Tu ra sWirs, yovel jerze erTsa da imaves pasuxobs- araferi. is Cumadaa mTel dRes, Tves da wels. isev araferi icvleba.

moZalade Tu msxverpli?! mTel am process erTi ,,meTauri“ hyavs, swored is iwyebs xumrobas, is aris Tavi da Tavi mTeli am aurzaurisa. xSir SemTxvevaSi es is bavSvia, romelsac yvelaze didi gavlena aqvs klasSi. maswavleblebis TvalSic didi mowonebiT sargeblobs da veravis warmoudgenia misgan umsgavso saqcieli. miuxedavad amisa, ratom SeiZleba mozards gauCndes survili iZalados Tanatolze?! rogorc wesi, moZalade bavSvebi Tavadac ganicdian fsiqologiur zewolas, romelic SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos ojaxuri problemebiT, an Tavs arasrulfasovne-

calke ukiduresobas warmoadgenen moswavleebi, romlebic ganze dganan. marTalia, TviTon aravis Cagraven, Tumca arc ewinaaRmdegebian. es is bavSvebi arian, romlebic neitralur mdgomareobaSi yofnas amjobinebeb. isic imitom, rom Tu gamoeqomagebian, sruliad SesaZlebelia msxverplis adgili daikavon. es erTgvarad TavdacviT poziciaSi yofnaa - “sjobs Cumad viyo CemTvis, zedmeti problema ar mWirdeba”. bulingis msxverpli Tu ar gavmxdarvarT, albaT, erTxel mainc dauciniaT yvelasTvis raime niSniT, magram ar SevguebivarT da sapasuxo ieriSiT mogvigeriebia Seteva, Tumca, yvelas rodi Seswevs Zala, SeewinaaRmdegos usamarTlobas. rom davfiqrdeT, yvelaze didi Secdoma dumilia, romelic kedeliviT aRmarTula usamarTlobis winaSe. umoqmedobiTa da gulgrilobiT kidev ufro metad vaRvivebT problemas. moZalades vafiqrebinebT, rom dausjeli darCeba, msxverpls ki vagrZnobinebT, rom es Cven sulac ar gvexeba. am midgomiT araferi icvleba, problema problemadve rCeba. Tavis droze xma rom amogveRo, albaT, Cvenc bevr rames SevcvlidiT.

salome papava 7

socialuri panorama

naadrevad dasrulebuli bavSvoba samoqalaqo samarTlis mier naadrevi qorwinebis asakad miCneuli wlovaneba gansazRvrulia, ris safuZvelzec ikrZaleba or adamians Soris oficialuri an araoficialuri kavSiri im SemTxvevaSi, Tu wyvilTagan erT-erT partniors mainc ar Sesrulebia 18 weli. arasrulwlovnobis asaki ki gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos konstituciis mixedviT. rac Seexeba uSualod sakiTxs, romelic Cvens qveyanaSi gansakuTrebiT mwvave problemaTa ricxvs miekuTvneba, jer kidev aqtualuria, metic, uaxlesi monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi adreuli qorwinebis maCvenebeli TurqeTis maCvenebels utoldeba, xolo sxva mezobeli qveynebis SemTxvevaSi, igi aWarbebs kidec maT. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom msgavsi SemTxvevebis identificireba bolomde verasdros xerxdeba, gamomdinare iqidan, rom adreuli qorwinebis SemTxvevebi, ZiriTadad, oficialurad registrirebuli ar aris, es saerTo suraTs radikalurad cvlis. Mmiuxedavad amisa, bolo monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi adreuli qorwinebis maCvenebeli evropaSi erT-erTi maRalia. gaeros mosaxleobis fondisa da gaeros bavSvTa fondis mier Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegad damtkicda, rom 20-24 wlis qalTa 14%-s ojaxi 18 wlamde aqvs Seqmnili. amasTanave, unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTveloSi cnobierebis done dabalia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis im muxlis Sesaxeb, romelic adreul qorwinebas krZalavs. ombudsmenis angariSis mixedviT, gasul wels, adreul asakSi qorwinebis 98 faqti dafiqsirda, romelTaganac sasamarTlos arcerTi ar ganuxilavs.

ZiriTadi motivebi, ramac SeiZleba adreul asakSi ojaxis Seqmnis moTxovnileba gaaCinos fsiqolog Tina afxaiZis TqmiT, arsebobs ramdenime motivi, rac adreul asakSi ojaxis Seqmnis ZiriTadi mizezi xdeba: • xSirad gogonas imitom eCqareba gaTxoveba, rom sakuTari mSoblebisgan ojaxuri siTbos naklebobas grZnobs da surs, rom es danaklisi ojaxis SeqmniT aanazRauros.

• axalgazrdaze mSoblebi xSirad gadametebulad zrunaven. ufrosebi mas aRiqvamen da eqcevian, rogorc patara bavSvs. ojaxis Seqmnis moTxovnilebas amgvari mzrunvelobisgan gaqcevis surviliT xsnis; • arsebobs fizikuri ltolva, romelsac siyvarulis grZnobaSi ureven; • adreul asakSi ojaxis Seqmnis arc Tu

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iSviaTi mizezia daorsuleba. misive TqmiT, umTavresi motivi mainc partniorebs Soris gaCenili grZobaa, romelic, SesaZloa, sulac ar aRmoCndes sakmarisi. igi aseve gviyveba naadrevi qorwinebis dadebiT da uaryofiT mxareebze da ZiriTad uaryofiT maxasiaTeblad SeCerebuli ganaTlebis problema mohyavs, romlis drosac, axalgazrda wyvilis mSoblebze damokidebulebis xarisxi maRalia. amis sapirwoned igi aRniSnavs, rom adreul asakSi ojaxis Seqmnis praqtika adamianSi zrdis damoukideblobisa da pasuxismgeblobis unars, rac wyvils rekordul droSi ayalibebs pirovnebad. fsiqologis mier Camoyalibebul ZiriTad motivebs emateba sxva - danaSaulis gadafarvis sindromi, ris safuZvelze sadamsjelo RonisZieba bevrad ufro mkacria. vgulisxmob 16 wlamde asakis adamianTan sqesobrivi kavSiris damyarebas, rac sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 140-e muxlis mixedviT, 7-dan 9 wlamde patimrobiT isjeba. msgavsi SemTxvevebis dros, danaSaulis dasafarad, axalgazrda wyvili sxva danaSauls Cadis, sadac ukve mSoblebis rolic ikveTeba. gaerosa da jandacvis organizaciis daskvnaSi saubaria adreul asakSi qorwinebis uaryofiT mxareebze: “arasrulwlovani patarZlebi axal ojaxebSi fsiqologiuri, fizikuri da seqsualuri zewolis qveS eqcevian. qorwineba uaryofiTad moqmedebs maT fizikur da fsiqikur janmrTelobaze. arTmevs ganaTlebis miRebis saSualebas da warmatebulad dasaqmebis Sanss“. amas sakmaod didi gamoxmaureba mohyva saqarTveloSi. 2016 wlis pirveli ianvridan gauqmda wesi, romlis mixedviTac 16 wels miRweuli pirebis qorwineba daiSveboda mSoblebis an

adreul asakSi qorwinebis riskebi sakanonmdeblo gadacdomebze bevrad ufro mtkivneulia adreul asakSi qorwinebis Semdeg gamowveuli problemebi. upirvelesad unda vaxsenoT ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli winaaRmdegobebi. axalgazrda wyvils uwevs sakuTari dro da resursi dauTmos Semosavlis Ziebas, raTa mSoblebze damokidebulebis xarisxi Seamciros. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, axalgazrdebi swavlas agrZeleben Secvlili formiT, an uares SemTxvevaSi wyveten, im imediT, rom male gaagrZeleben, magram xSir SemTxvevaSi es ase ar xdeba. meore da aranakleb mniSvnelovani sakiTxi moumwifebeli sxeulis mSobiarobasTan dakavSirebuli problemaa. aseT dros safrTxe eqmneba rogorc 18 wlis asakamde miuRwevel

sad aris gamosavali? faqtia, rom reproduqciis sakiTxi qarTul sazogadoebaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki mozardebSi, tabudadebul Temadaa qceuli. mSoblebi eridebian msgavs Temebze SvilebTan saubars, rac maswavleblis rols zrdis am kuTxiT informaciis miwodebaSi. samwuxaroa, rom skolac ver aZlevs mozards amomwurav informacias sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da im riskebis Sesaxeb, rac naadrevi mSobiarobiT SeiZleba iyos gamowveuli. ase rom, problemis sawyisi, bevri sxva SemTxvevis msgavsad, kvlav cnobierebis dabali donea konkretul sakiTxze. es ar exebaT mxolod arasrulwlovnebs. problemas swored rom maswavleblebTan da mSoblebTan mivyavarT. gansakuTrebiT ki iseT SemTxvevebSi, sadac adreul asakSi qorwineba tradiciadaa qceuli da mSobeli, piriqiT, ubiZgebs Svils am qmedebisaken. saxelmwifos roli mxolod kanonis miRebiT ar unda Semoifarglos. aucilebelia, rom sazogadoeba iyos informirebuli iseTi mwvave problemis Sesaxeb, rogoric adreul asakSi qorwinebaa da amasTanave, axalgazrebs aqvT ufleba, kanonis darRvevamde icnobdnen im SezRudvas, ris mixedviTad saxelmwifo maT arasrulwlovnobis asakSi daojaxebas ukrZalavs.

mSobels, aseve axalSobilsac. gaeros mosaxleobis wliuri angariSis mixedviT, ganviTarebad qveynebSi, romelTa rigebSi saqarTveloc Sedis, yovelwliurad 70 000-ze meti arasrulwlovani

uCa papiaSvili

rodis kvdeba CvenSi piter peni, anu rodis mTavrdeba bavSvoba

bavSvobis wlebs yvelaze tkbils eZaxian. ratomac ara, Cvenze zrunaven, sayvareli adamianebi SeZlebisdagvarad gviqmnian yvelafris komforts, varT laRebi, bednierebi da TiTqmis araferi gvadardebs. am dros yvelaferi martivia - warmosaxva feradi, ocnebebi naTeli da xelSesaxebi. swored amitom, erTi suli gvaqvs, gavizardoT, win wavideT da ufro meti gavakeToT, Tumca win ra SeiZleba gvelodes, amis Sesaxeb warmodgenac ki ar gvaqvs.

Tu viwyebT imaze fiqrs, rodis mTavrdeba bavSvoba, es imas niSnavs, rom Tavad vadgavarT am gzas. marTalia, Tavs vajerebT, rom CvenSi piter peni mudam icocxlebs, magram yvela asakSi multfilmebis siamovnebiT yureba ar niSnavs imas, rom sul bavSvebi viqnebiT – es ubralod Cveni bunebis nawilia. bavSvoba mTavrdeba maSin, rodesac gviwevs iseT raRacebze fiqri, rac adre mxolod ded-mamis sazrunavi gvegona. maSin, rodesac sxva oTaxSi aRar gviSveben cudi ambis Cvengan dasamalad da Cvenc iseve gviwevs amis gadatana, rogorc ojaxis ufros wevrebs. amas ar aqvs erTi konkretuli asaki, radgan aseT dros am ukanasknels Tavad cxovreba Tu gamocdileba gansazRvravs da ara cifrebi, romlebic mxolod weliwadSi erTxel icvleba. bavSvobas vSordebiT maSinac, roca materialuri sazrunavi gviCndeba. es momenti damoukideblobisken swrafvas, pasuxismgeblobis SegrZnebis zrdasa da Segnebul gadawyvetilebas moaqvs. marTalia, 18 wlis asakSi vxvdebiT srulwlovnebi, magram zogs ufro adre surs sakuTari materialuri moTxovnilebebi da survilebi damoukideblad daikmayofilos, zogs ki 40 wlis asakSic ar awuxebs is faqti, rom isev

8

meurvis TanxmobiT. gamonaklis SemTxvevaSi, igi dasaSvebi iyo mxolod uSualod arasrulwlovnisa da sasamarTlos TanxmobiT, iseTi mizezis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, rogoric orsulobaa. konkretuli cvlileba gaeros qalTa diskriminaciis aRmofxris komitetis rekomendaciiT miiRes. 2017 wlis ianvridan ki 18 wlamde asakis adamianTa qorwineba yovelgvari gamonaklisis gareSe, kanoniT srulad aikrZala. miuxedavad amisa, adreul asakSi Seqmnili ojaxebis ricxvi, faqtobrivad, ar Secvlila, es ki mxolod imitom, rom sazogadoebam arc Tu ise axali regulaciis Sesaxeb ar icis da aRniSnul danaSauls gaucnobiereblad Cadis.

gogona iRupeba mSobiarobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebiT, xolo arausafrTxod Catarebuli abortebis raodenoba 3,2 milions Seadgens. aranakleb mniSvnelovania faseulobaTa cvlilebis sakiTxi. naadrev asakSi wyvili, fizikuri moumwifeblobis garda, SesaZloa, fsiqo-socialurad Camouyalibebeli iyos. es niSnavs imas, rom mozardobis asakSi icvleba gemovneba, faseulobebi da sxvadasxva sakiTxis mimarT Sexedulebebi. es ki, Tavis mxriv, safuZveli xdeba axladSeqmnili ojaxis dangrevisa. statistikac amaze metyvelebs, rom ganqorwinebul wyvilTa raodenobis did nawils ojaxi adreul asakSi aqvs Seqmnili. asociaciis `hera XXI“ Tanaswor-ganmanaTleblis, anna jayelis mier gavrcelebul gancxadebaSi naTqvamia: “adreul asakSi qorwinebis problema yvelaze mwvaved eTnikur umciresobebSia. qveyanaSi gavrcelebulia sqesobrivi kavSiris damyarebis surviliT Semdgari qorwinebis SemTxvevebi, rac garkveul stereoti pebTanaa dakavSirebuli’’. asociaciis mier gamoqveynebul kvlevaSi rekomendaciis saxiTaa naCvenebi problemis winaaRmdeg brZolis meqanizmi, sadac ZiriTadad yuradReba gamaxvilebulia sazogadoebaSi sakiTxis Sesaxeb cnobierebis donis amaRlebaze.

mSoblebis xarjze cxovrobs. xdeba isec, rom viRacebs bavSvobidan aqvT es sazrunavi, cxovrebis mZime pirobebis gamo. samwuxarod, aseT bavSvebs arc neverlendis arsebobis sjeraT da arc imis, rom yovelTvis bavSvebad darCebian. ufro xSirad es arc ki undaT, radgan maTi yoveldRiuroba savsea SimSiliT, siciviTa da quCa-quCa siaruliT. isini Tavidanve zrdasrulebi iyvnen, sxva SemTxvevaSi maT cxovrebis mZime pirobebi gaTelavda. piter peni maSin iwyebs CvenSi dasustebas, roca vxvdebiT, rom yvelaferi ar yofila SesaZlebeli da Cven garSemo momxdar movlenebsac veRar vakontrolebT. uamravi dabrkolebis winaSe marto vrCebiT da sakuTari Tavis garda aravinaa, vinc fexze dagvayenebs, SemogviZaxebs da swor gzas gviCvenebs. es ar niSnavs, rom megobrebi da ojaxis wevrebi ar dganan Cven gverdiT, ubralod es is gzaa, romelsac yvela damoukideblad gadis da TiToeuli sirTule Tavadve unda gadavlaxoT. am dros veravis sanugeSo sityva ver gvSvelis da mxolod sakuTar Tavs, ganwyobasa da SemarTebas SeuZlia yvelafris gamosworeba. piter peni kidev ufro sustdeba CvenSi, roca Cveni mTavari safiqrali is ki araa, ezoSi ra viTamaSoT, aramed is, Tu rogor movaswroT amdeni rame erTad – swavla, samsaxuri, ojaxi, megobrebi... yvelas Tavisi wili yuradReba, dro da energia sWirdeba. roca am gzis mxolod dasawyisSi varT, xSir-xSirad vecemiT, bevr Secdomas vuSvebT, bevr adamiansac guls vtkenT, radgan aseTi ram aqamde arc gamogvicdia da verc warmogvedgina. iluziaa is, rom yvelafers movaswrebT, amitom valagebT yvelafers prioritetebis mixedviT. es ukanaskneli sityva ki Cvens TavSi ar-

sebulma piter penma sul ar icis, radgan misTvis dro yovelTvis samyofia, erTaderTi, rac mas Rlis, Tumca sasiamovnod, TamaSi da sayvarel adamianebTan drois gatarebaa. mas arc is adardebs, velosi pedis marTvis dros Tu daecema, radgan icis, rom xelSi aiyvanen, anugeSeben, etyvian, rom natkeni muxli qorwilamde mourCeba da meore dRes isev laRad ganagrZobs TamaSs. CvenSi Casaxlebuli piter penis ocnebebi laRi da feradia. iq araa aranairi Secdoma, imedgacrueba, sayveduri Tu droulad daumTavrebeli saqmeebi. iq mxolod saboloo Sedegia – naTeli da kaSkaSa. da Tu Cven am ocnebaze fiqrisas raime dabrkolebas vxedavT da odnavi eWvi mainc gvepareba mis asrulebaSi, maSin piter peni sabolood eSveba miwaze, Zalas kargavs misi magiuri fxvnili, veRar dafrinavs da erTveba ferxulSi, sadac yvela da yvelaferi erTnairad gamoiyureba. bavSvoba, maSin mTavrdeba, roca raRacebi TavisiT da zedmeti fiqris gareSe aRar xdeba. roca problemebi TavisiT aRar gvardeba da roca CvenSi logika ufro metia, vidre grZnoba da emocia. am dros urTierTobebic rTuldeba, naklebad SegviZlia raRacebis daviwyeba da patieba. CvenSi imatebs uazro Tavmoyvareoba da egoizmi. gviWirs, viyoT Ria da gaxsnilebi, Tbilebi da pozitiurebi, radgan dro vardisfer saTvales anacrisferebs da, gvinda Tu ara, yvelafers pirdapir, daufaravad vuyurebT. p.s. viRacebSi piter penebi brundebian an arc arasdros kvdebian!

magda cercvaZe

ekonomikis panorama

problemis mogvareba Tu amomrCevlis mosyidvis mcdeloba?

arCevnebis pirveli turis Semdeg erT Tveze meti gavida. winaasaarCevno garemo pirveli turis win arc Tu ise saxarbielo iyo, meore turamde ki amomrCevlis gulis mogebis survilma politikur partiebs ufro meti gaakeTebina. sazogadoebaze dadebiTi efeqtis mosaxdenad saprezidento kandidatebma da maTma partiebma mraval gzas mimarTes. erT-erTi aseTia mTavrobis iniciativa, romlis mixedviTac saqarTvelos 600 000 moqalaqes valebi gaunuldeba. iniciativam vnebaTaRelva ara marto sazogadoebaSi, aramed saeqsperto wreebSic gamoiwvia. saubari sabanko valdebulebis gauqmebis Sesaxeb ki bevrad adre daiwyo. jer kidev mimdinare wlis 17 agvistos, mTavrobis axlad daniSnulma meTaurma, mamuka baxtaZem sabanko cvlilebebsa da Sav siaSi didi cvlilebebi daaanonsa. maSin man aRiara, rom es sakiTxi qveynisTvis problema iyo da mTavrobis Carevis aucileblobac dainaxa. Tavdapirvelad, cvlilebebi 2018 wlis Semodgomaze daanonsda. mTavrobis am iniciativas maSinve mohyva arasamTavrobo seqtorisa da opozicias gamoxmaureba. isini miuTiTebdnen, rom aRniSnuli cvlileba did dafiqrebasa da gaanalizebas saWiroebda da rom mTavrobas aseTi seriozuli gadawyvetilebis misaRebad konsultaciebi unda daewyo. garkveuli drois Semdeg am Temaze saubari Sewyda. premieri baxtaZe mTavrobis sxdomebze, faqtobrivad, aRar axsenebda am sakiTxs, Tumca sazogadoebis nawilma, romelic aRniSnuli prob-

lemis winaSe idga, dapireba ar daiviwya da misi Sesruleba maleve moiTxova. didxniani dumilis Semdeg, 18 noembers gaerTianebuli opoziciis saprezidento kandidatma, grigol vaSaZem specialur brifingze Tema kvlav gaacocxla da mTavrobas Riad mouwoda aqtiuri nabijebisken. man mTavrobas erTgvarad dapireba Seaxsena da Savi siis gauqmebac mosTxova. vaSaZis am gancxadebidan meore dResve premierma baxtaZem gaaxmovana mTavrobis saboloo gadawyvetileba da 600 aTasze met moqalaqes sabanko valdebulebebi gauuqma. aniSnuli Tanxa jamSi miliard-naxevars Seadgens, Tanxis 95%-s ki sesxebi warmoadgens. iniciativis Tanaxmad, ganulebis procesi 15 dekembers daiwyeba da 31 dekembers dasruldeba. cvlileba SeexebaT maT, visac sesxi 2000 laramde hqonda aRebuli. finansurad aRniSnul iniciativas fondi ,,qarTu“ ganaxorcielebs. asea Tu ise, mTavrobis dapirebiT, mosaxleobis mniSvnelovani nawili 31 dekembers, Ramis Tormet saaTze axal wels bankis valis gareSe Sexvdeba, magram aRniSnul iniciativaSi dadebiTi faqtorebis garda, eqspertebi da iuristebi bevr naklsac xedaven. ekonomisti andria gvidiani im eqspertebs Sorisaa, romelTa azriTac, iniciativa dadebiT konteqstSi unda ganvixiloT da pozitiuri molodinebi SeviqmnaT. kiTxvaze ramdenad SeiZleba es CaiTvalos amomrCevlis mosyidvad, is gvpasuxobs, rom es araseriozulia da amas ver eqneba masStaburi xasiaTi. ,,pirvelyovlisa, unda vTqvaT, rom am problemaze Zalian didi xnis ganmav-

lobaSi mimdinareobda saubari. aqedan gamomdinare, msjeloba amomrCevlis mosyidvaze araseriozulia, radgan amaze saubari didi xnis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda da es ubralod daemTxva winasaarCevno periods. aseve, es yvelaferi moxdeba arCevnebis Semdeg, Sesabamisad, Tu mosyidvaze vsaubrobT, iniciativa unda ganxorcielebuliyo arCevnebamde periodSi da ara mis Semdeg”, - aRniSna gvidianma. ekonomisti maincdamainc verc mosalodnel ekonomikur problemebs ver xedavs da fiqrobs, rom am iniciativas bevrad ufro meti dadebiTi aspeqti gaaCnia, vidre uaryofiTi. ,,zogadad, aq aris riski, rom SeiZleba garkveuli pesimisturi ganwyoba gaCndes sesxis gadaxdis mimarT, magram yvelaferi aris Sefasebadi. ar vfiqrob, rom es aris imxela riski, romelic gadawonis im sikeTeebs, romlebic am cvlilebis ganxorcielebas mohyveba.

Sesabamisad, is riski, romelzec gamaxvilda yuradReba, Cemi azriT, araa iseTi masStaburi, rom garkveul negatiur procesebs daudos safuZveli“- gviTxra gvidianma. andria gvidianis msgavsad ar fiqrobs yvela ekonomisti. maTi nawili movlenebs ufro kritikulad uyurebs da problemebis SesaZlo gamovlinebasac elodeba. ekonomisti da arasamTavrobo organizacia ,,sazogadoeba da bankebis“ Tavjdomare, giorgi kepulaZe fiqrobs, rom mTavrobis am iniciativas garkveuli riskebi, ra Tqma unda, Tan axlavs. ,,riski aris sakmaod cudi precedentis Seqmna, rodesac mosaxleobis nawils SeiZleba gauCndes gancda, rom Semdegi arCevnebis dros gamoCndeba sxva opoziciuri Zala, romelic aseT dapirebas miscems. es precedenti azianebs zogadad sistemas, radganac aman SeiZleba, vadagadacilebuli sesxebis problema Seqmnas komerciul bankebSi. adamianis fsiqologia zogadad aseTia - mas uCndeba gancda, rom ,,Tu sxvas apaties, axla mec aviReb sesxs da mapatieben”. es aris Zalian maRali riski komerciuli bankebisTvis da safinanso institutebisTvis, rom maT gascen sesxi potenciurad iseT msesxebelze, romelic, Zalian didi albaTobiT, Semdeg arCenebs daelodeba, rom mas viRacam apatios sesxi“, - aRniSna kepulaZem. mTavrobis iniciativis mTavari kritikosebi is arasamTavrobo organizaciebi arian, romlebic mTavrobis

axal cvlilebebsa Tu nabijebs samarTlebriv WrilSi ganixilaven. opoziciis mTavari argumenti aRniSnul iniciativasTan dakavSirebiT swored isaa, rom amiT xelisuflebas amomrCevlis mosyidva aqvs ganzraxuli, mTavrobis azriT ki, es arCevnebis meore turTan aranair kavSirSia. CvenTan saubarSi iuristi magda meliqiSvili kanonis ramdenime muxls ganmartavs da sakiTxs samarTlebrivad afasebs. mis mier argumentad moyvanili 164-e prima muxlSi weria, rom saarCevno mizniT pirdapiri an arapirdapir fulis, fasianis qaRaldis an sxva qonebis SeTavazeba an dapireba isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sam wlamde. ,,saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis 47-e muxlSi Tu CavixedavT da mis pirvel nawils wavikiTxavT, iq xelisuflebis aRniSnul qmedebas ver aRmovaCenT. muxli imgvaradaa formulirebuli, rom es ar iZleva muxlis gagebaSi aRniSnuli qmedebis pirdapir moqcevis saSualebas, radgan is Zalian detalurad aregulirebs am sakiTxs. meore mxriv, sakiTxs aregulirebs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsic, romlis 164 prima muxli ambobs, rom saarCevno mizniT pirdapir an arapirdapir fulis, fasianis qaRaldis an sxva qonebis SeTavazeba an dapireba isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sam wlamde. aRniSnuli muxlis mizani isaa, rom amomrCevlis mosyidva ar moxdes. faqtobrivad, mTavrobis aseTi gancxadeba arCevnebis TariRis gamocxadebisa da saarCevno kampaniis dawyebis Semdeg, amomrCevlis mosyidvad rom ar CavTvaloT, maSin muxls mizani ekargeba. SeiZleba muxlSi arsebuli ,,vordingi“ ar daemTxves qmedebis aRweras, magram farTo gagebiT muxlis mizani aucileblad irRveva. es saqme rom saerTaSoriso sasamarTloSi waiRos vinmem, aucileblad momCivani moigebs. gasagebia, mTavroba cdilobs Warbvalianobisgas mogvareba daasaxelos misi ukanaskneli iniciativis mizezad, magram droa gasaTvaliswinebeli, saarCevno kampania mimdinareobs da bmebi aSkarad ikveTeba”, - acxadebs meliqiSvili. sazogadoeba am Temis mimarT ar aRmoCnda erTsulovani, magram axla sakiTxavi isaa, ramdenad iqonia iniciativam gavlena saprezidento arCevnebis meore turis Sedegze.

merab papaSvili

Ggaufasurebuli lari

Llaris kursis cvlileba bolo drois erT-erTi aqtualuri sakiTxia. Lerovnuli valutis cvlilebidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Semodgomaze laris kursis gaufasureba mosalodnelic ki iyo. kursis Semcirebis wina periodSi, gaufasurebaze wnexi ar SeiniSneboda, ramac saSualeba misca erovnul banks savaluto auqcionze 67.5 aSS dolari Seesyida. ivlisSi erovnulma bankma monetaruli politikis ganakveTi 25 punqtiT 7 procentamde Seamcira, rac Teoriulad kursis gamyarebaze dadebiTad ar aisaxeba, Tumca laris masis SezRudva SesaZloa ekonomikuri zrdisaTvis barieri gamxdariyo. aRsaniSnavia, rom lars gaaCnia mcuravi gacvliTi kursi, romelic savaluto bazris mier ganisazRvreba. zogadad inflaciaze gavlenas SesaZloa axdendes rogorc saSinao, aseve sagareo faqtorebic. Ffinansisti-

sa da profesoris vasil reviSvilis TqmiT: “valutis kursis cvlilebas sxvadasxva fundamenturi faqtori ganapirobebs. Eesenia: eqsport-importis balansi anu ucxour valutaze moTxovna. teqnikuri faqtori, kerZod, ucxouri valutis xelovnurad amoReba bazridan da Cveulebriv molodinebic. rogorc sCans, am faqtorebis krebsiTi efeqti, uaryofiTi iyo larisTvis”- ambobs vasil reviSvili. agvistos TveSi dolaris indeqsma bolo Tveebis ganmavlobaSi umaRles niSnuls miaRwia, rac uaryofiTad aisaxa sxva valutebis, maT Soris laris kurszec. erovnuli valutis kursze agreTve iribi gavlena moaxdina Turquli liris gaufasurebamac, radganac TurqeTi saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis partnioria, garda amisa, aRniSnulma movlenam xeli Seuwyo uaryofiTi molodinebis Camoyalibebasac. saqarTvelos erovnuli statistikis samsaxuris monacemebiT, 2018 wlis oqtomberSi inflaciis donem wina TvesTan SedarebiT (seqtemberi) 0,3 procenti, xolo wliuri inflaciis done 2,3 procenti Seadgina. yovelTviuri inflaciis donis maCvenebelze garkveuli produqciisa da servisis fasebis cvlilebam iqonia gavlena. seqtembris TvesTan SedarebiT fasebma sagrZnoblad moimata tansacmelsa da fexsacmelze, aRniSnul jgufSi fasebi gaizarda 6,3 procentiT, rac inflaciis mTlian maCvenebelze 0,2 procentuli punqtiT aisaxa. inflacia satransporto saSualebebis moxmarebasac Seexo, sadac fasebis 0,6 procentiani zrda dafiqsirda. rac Seexeba alkoholur sasmelebsa da Tambaqos, aq inflaciis donem 0,7 procenti Seadgina. erovnuli bankis informaciiT, ekonomikis arsebuli mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, maTi mTavari amocana

2018-2020 wlebisTvsTvis inflaciis donis 3 procentamde SenarCunebaa. Pprofesor vasil reviSvilis TqmiT ki inflacia cudi ar aris, rodesac is Tan sdevs ekonomikur zrdas. “magram vfiqrob 3 procenti Zalian dabali maCvenebelia da aseTi inflacia ver iqneba swrafi ekonomikuri zrdis Tanmdevi” finansistis azriT, gamosavali ar aris laris kursis regulireba. Pproblema isaa, rom fasebi xSirad “dafiqsirebulia” ucxour valutaSi da swored es fenomenia aRmosafxvreli da Sesabamisad am mimarTulebiT gatarebuli nabijebi arasakmarisia.

ana melaSvili

9

ganaTlebis panorama

staJirebis saxelmwifo programis xarvezebi profesiuli ganviTarebis gzaze universitetSi miRebuli Teoriuli codnis garda, praqtikuli unarebis gamomuSavebasac didi roli aqvs. am unarebis dauflebisTvis studentebi xSirad mimarTaven staJirebis programebs, Tumca qarTul realobaSi am mxriv bevri xarvezi da problema ikveTeba, erT-erTia is, rom staJireba samuSao gamocdilebaSi ar iTvleba. garda sxvadasxva organizaciisa da kompaniis mier gamocxadebuli staJirebebisa, arsebobs erT-erTi yvelaze masStaburi- staJirebis saxelmwifo programa. programa saqarTvelos premierministris iniciativiT daiwyo 2014 wels da is mTavrobis 410-e dadgenilebiT regulirdeba. am programaSi is studentebi erTvebian, romlebsac maRali akademiuri moswreba aqvT. programa iTvaliswinebs staJirebas sajaro samsaxurSi 1-dan 6 Tvemde. miuxedavad programis masStaburobisa, mas sakmaod bevri xarvezi aqvs. am xarvezebis detalurad Sesaswavlad im studentebs vesaubreT, romlebmac programa gaiares.

kriteriumi, romelic G GPA-s efuZneba programas studentebis misaRebad erTaderTi kriteriumi- maRali akademiuri moswreba aqvs. kerZod, students, romelsac surs staJirebis programaSi CarTva ji piei (GPA) minumum 3.0 unda hqondes. aRsaniSnavia, rom programaSi misaRebad arc reziumes da arc samotivacio werils ar iTxoven. aseT pirobebSi im studentebs, romlebsac 3.0-ze dabali ji piei aqvT, magram surT staJirebis gavla, amis SesaZlebloba ar eZlevaT.

daswrebis princi pi da vakansiebis mcire raodenoba 2018 wlis Semodgomis nakadze sul 1098 studenti daregistrirda, vakansiebi ki TiTqmis 6-jer meti (6169) iyo, miuxedavad amisa, SeTavazebuli vakansiebidan moTxovnadi da studentebisTvis sasurveli Zalian cotaa da daswrebis princi pis gamo studentebis umetesoba sasurvel vakansias ver irCevs. 2018 wlis nakadze 1098 studentidan mxolod 641-ma moaxerxa sasurvel vakansiaze daregistrireba. ikveTeba regionebisa da Tbilisis vakansiebis araTanabari raodenoba da xarisxi.

Cveni erT-erTi respondenti monika eliaSvili saqarTvelos teqnikur universitetSi informatikis fakultetze swavlobda, roca gadawyvita staJirebis programaSi CarTva. „viyavi sti pendiati, ris gamoc ver viwyebdi samsaxurs, Tumca meoTxe kursis meore semestrSi staJirebis programaze mainc davregistrirdi.

SemoTavazebuli vakansiebi sakmaod mravalferovani iyo, Zalian gamixarda, Cemi profesiiT sakmaod seriozul dawesebulebebSi rom SemeZlo staJirebis gavla. Tumca, radgan win kidev erTi semestri mqonda da wiTel di plomamde cotaRa maklda, gadavwyvite universitetis mSvidad damTavreba da staJirebaze oqtomberSi daregistrireba“,- gviyveba monika.

Tumca ukve arastudentis statusiT staJirebis programaSi CarTvam axali problemebi warmoSva misTvis. „roca davregistrirdi, mxolod 4 vakansia gamixsna, aqedan 3 Cemi regionis (mcxeTa-mTianeTis) sajaro skolebi iyo, me-4 ki TianeTis gamgeoba. davreke da vikiTxe soflis skolebi ra staJirebas sTavazobdnen informatikaSi, erT-erTma skolam miTxra, rom ubralod informatikis gakveTilebs

10

unda davswrebodi, romelsac informatikis maswavlebeli utarebda me-5-6 klasel moswavleebs. davreke qolcentrSi da avuxseni situacia, ver vxvdebodi Tbilisis vakansiebi ratom ar SemomTavazes, miT umetes, roca wina nakadze sul Tbilisis staJirebebi gamixsna”,-ase gagrZelda monikas istoria. aRmoCnda, rom studentis statusis arqonam SeuzRuda mas Tbilisis vakansiebis arCevis SesaZlebloba da avtomaturad registraciis adgilis vakansiebi SesTavaza. “pasuxi iyo is, rom maSin studenti viyavi da romel qalaqSic vswavlobdi, im qalaqis vakansiebi gamixsna, xolo amjerad, aRricxvaze sadac viyavi, im regionis vakansiebi miCvena. mcxeTaSi var Cawerili, Tumca is saxli didi xania dangreulia da iq aravin cxovrobs. avuxseni, rom is iuridiuli misamarTia da realurad iq ar vcxovrob, vTxove, Tu SesaZlebeli iyo, Tbilisis baza gaexsnaT CemTvis, magram miviRe mtkice uari. samwuxaroa, rom bazebi ar axldeba da aseT SemTxvevebs ar iTvaliswineben, Tu TbilisSi ar xar registrirebuli, rTulia Rirebuli vakansiis povna”,- ambobs monika eliaSvili.

rTuli procedurebi da gaumarTavi sistema garda imisa, rom staJirebis saxelmwifo programaSi CasarTavad maRali akademiuri moswrebaa aucilebeli, students sxva mravali proceduris gavlac uwevs iqamde, sanam sasurvel vakansias airCevs. staJirebis gamocxadebidan 1 Tvis vadaSi studentma unda mimarTos universitets da ganacxados werilobiTi Tanxmoba staJirebis programaSi monawileobis Sesaxeb. Semdeg studenti registrirdeba staJirebis vebgverdze da mxolod vakansiis arCevis dRes igebs, ra vakansiebia misi specialobisa da sacxovrebeli adgilis arealSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom vebgverdze eleqtronuli fostisa da sxva informaciis Secvla teqnikurad SeuZlebelia. aseve SeuZlebelia im vakansiis waSla an Secvla, romelsac studenti airCevs. vakansiis arCevis Semdeg, studentma TviTon unda miakiTxos organizacias, romlis vakansiac airCia. Cveni respondenti, romelmac saxelis gamxela ar isurva, informatikis fakultetis studentia. roca is vakansiis asarCevad vebgverdze Sevida, aRmoaCina, rom mis mier arCeuli mimarTulebiT programa arcerT vakansias ar sTavazobda. “kompiuteruli inJineria mqonda miTiTebuli specialobad, qvemo qarTlis regionSi var registrirebuli da arcerTi vakansia ar iyo am mimarTulebiT.

davreke programis cxel xazze da avuxseni, rom mocemul regionSi mocemul specialobaze ar dafiqsirda arcerTi vakansia da vTxove, Tu regions ver Secvlidnen, profesia mainc Segvecvala momijnave mimarTulebiT, anu kompiuteruli inJineriis nacvlad informatika/ kompiutingi rom gvecada, Tumca amazec uari miviRe da staJireba versad gaviare“, - gviyveba is.

staJirebis xarisxi da sargeblianoba programa 1-dan 6 Tvemde grZeldeba, xangrZlivobas konkretuli uwyeba gansazRvravs. aseve staJiorebis movaleobebsac TiToeuli sajaro samsaxuri TviTon wyvets.

Cveni Semdegi respondenti gvanca fofxaZe Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi iuridul fakultetze swavlobda, roca programaSi CaerTo, man 2-Tviani staJireba erT-erT yvelaze msxvil sajaro samsaxurSi gaiara. Tumca gviyveba, rom amiT didi codna ar miuRia da arc axali unarebi SeuZenia. ”erT konkretul adamians mimamagres da imas vexmarebodi. ZiriTadad ra dokumentebic modioda, imas vkiTxulobdi, vafasebdi, ramdenad gamarTulad iyo dawerili - teqnikurad da samarTlebrivad. profesiulad didi araferi Semmata. radgan es pirveli praqtika iyo CemTvis, velodebodi, rom rame gansakuTrebuli codna da gamocdileba unda mimeRo. kargi iqneboda, TviTon programa zrunavdes imaze, rom studentma namdvilad miiRos gamocdileba da es dro fuWad ar dakargos“, gviyveba gvanca.

staJirebis saxelmwifo programas kmayofili monawileebic hyavs. ilias saxelmwifo universitetis samarTalmcodneobis kursdamTavrebuli Tamuna giligaSvili ambobs, rom staJirebam profesiuli gamocdileba daugrova, studentebis ukmayofilebis mizezad ki dasaqmebis perspeqtivis ararsebobiT xsnis. “me kmayofili var, miviRe gamocdileba, amave dros iyo Zalian saintereso.

Tumca staJirebis Semdeg ar gamigrZelebia iq muSaoba, dasaqmebis perspeqtiva didad ar aris. vfiqrob, radgan programa dasaqmebas ar iTvaliswinebs, amotomac aris bevri ukmayofilo studenti“,- gveubneba Tamuna. programaSi CarTuli axalgazrdebis ukmayofilebis mizezebis mosmenis Semdeg, staJirebis saxelmwifo programis administracias werilobiT mivmarTeT da vecadeT, yvela im problemuri sakiTxis garkvevas, romlebic interviuebSi gamoikveTa, maT aRniSnes, rom staJirebis gavlis wess mTavrobis 410e dadgenileba aregulirebs da maT ar SeuZliaT Secvalon is. davsviT kiTxva imis Sesaxebac, ra kriteriumiT arCevs programa uwyebebs, romlebic Semdeg staJiorebs iReben. “sajaro dawesebuleba valdebulia, miawodos biuros informacia sajaro dawesebulebaSi arsebuli staJiorTa kvotis, mimarTulebisa da dargis/specialobis, aseve, staJirebisaTvis gankuTvnili vakansiebis specifikidan gamomdinare, ucxo enis codnis aucileblobis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisad, yoveli organizacia, saWiroebidan gamomdinare, Tavad gansazRvravs staJiorTa vakansiebis mimarTulebas. gamomdinare aqedan, programa ar iTvaliswinebs sxva princi ps staJiorTa vakansiis arCevis procesSi”,- gangvimartes sajaro samsaxuris biuroSi. dagvainteresa imanac, Tu ramdenad ikvlevs programa misi gavlis Semdeg studentTa kmayofilebebsa da maT Sefasebebs, razec gvi pasuxes, rom am kuTxiT rame konkretuli Sefasebebis kvleva ar tardeba- “staJiorTa kmayofilebis kvlevis kuTxiT raime konkretuli meqanizmi ar aris Camoyalibebuli, Tumca, staJiorTa ganwyobebisa da programis mimarT damokidebulebis Sefaseba SesaZlebelia staJirebis feisbuqgverdis, specialuri cxeli xazis meSveobiT, aseve, el.fostis daxmarebiT”,- acxadeben biuroSi. staJirebisa da gamosacdeli vadis sakiTxi rom saqarTveloSi problemuria, es axali ambavi ar aris, aRmoCnda, rom staJirebis saxelmwifo programasac aqvs xarvezebi. es xarvezebi aris rogorc teqnikuri, ise xarisxobrivi.

Programa, romlis mTavari moTxovnac akademiuri moswrebis maRali donea, TviTon ver akmayofilebs studentebis yvela moTxovnas.

mariam talaxaZe

ganaTlebis panorama

problemebi profesiul ganaTlebaSi

16 wlis ana rusTavis erT-erT profesiul saswavlebelSi swavlobs. ambobs, rom swavlis xarisxiT ukmayofiloa. ,,roca maswavlebeli rames xsnis, yvela bavSvs erTi da igive kiTxva gviCndeba. yvelasTvis erTnairi sakiTxebia gaugebari, amitom vfiqrob, rom problema ara CvenSi, aramed maswavlebelSia, romelsac ar SeuZlia CvenTan urTierToba”, - ambobs ana. is erTaderTi araa, vinc profesiul saswavleblebSi arsebuli problemebis Sesaxeb saubrobs. yvelaferTan erTad, problema ganaTlebis stigmatizaciacaa. sazogadoebis mniSvnelovan nawilSi arsebobs stereoti pi imis Sesaxeb, rom profesiuli saganmanaTleblo sistemebi gankuTvnilia mxolod im adamianebisTvis, romlebmac cxra klasis ganaTleba miiRes. aseve, maTTvis, visac universitetSi Cabareba ar SeuZlia. ,,roca profesiul saswavlebelSi swavlis gagrZeleba gadavwyvite, Cem garSemo xalxis negatiuri damokidebuleba vigrZeni. skola imitom ar mimitovebia, rom cudi akademiuri moswreba mqonda, piriqiT, yovelTvis imaTze kargi qulebi myavda, vinc skolaSi darCa“, - ambobs ana. am damokidebulebis gaCenis mizezi, SeiZleba iTqvas, skolacaa, sadac maswavleblebi moswavleebs kolejebSi Cabarebas mxolod im mizniT urCeven, rom bavSvebi daamciron: ,,skolaSi Cemi klaselebisTvis bevr maswavlebels uTqvams msgavsi ram: Seni adgili aq araa; ra ginda skolaSi, damTavre cxra klasi da wadi kolejSi; iswavle xeloba da imuSave, sxva mainc araferi gamogdis. es maTi mxridan damcirebis erT-erTi xerxi iyo” - ambobs studenti naTia

TavdumaZe. 2017 wlis monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi profesiul saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi 15 632 adamianma Caabara, aqedan misi damTavreba 9774-ma SeZlo. saqstatis monacemebiT, Caricxul studentTa didi nawili 18-dan 20 wlamde axalgazrdebi arian. 2018 wlis statistikiT ki, qveyanaSi kerZo da saxelmwifo profesiuli ganaTlebis 125 dawesebulebaa, rac, SeiZleba iTqvas, maRali maCvenebelia da gvaZlevs imis Tqmis safuZvels, rom konkurenciac sakmaod maRalia, es ki TavisTavad swavlebis maRal xarisxze unda mianiSnebdes. samwuxarod, es ase ar aris.

2016 wlis profesiuli saganmanaTleblo programebis kursdamTavrebulTa kvlevaSi 2971-ma kerZo kompaniam miiRo monawileoba. angariSma aCvena, rom monawile kompaniaTa mxolod 13%-s hqonia profesiuli kolejis studentebis staJirebisa da Semdeg dasaqmebis gamocdileba. danarCen organizaciebs ki, dResdReobiT profesiuli saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis studentebTan urTierTobis arc survili aqvT da arc maTTan dakavSirebuli samomavlo gegmebi. aseTi dawesebulebebis kursdamTavrebulTaTvis dasaqmeba erT-erTi mTavari problemaa, radgan damsaqmebelTa umetes nawils miaCnia, rom studentebi ver euflebian moTxovnaTa Sesabamis codnas. Sefmzareuli laSa mamulaSvili gveubneba, rom Tbilisis erT-erT profesiul saswavlebelSi swavlis doniT ar iyo kmayofili: “rogorc vici, mdgomareoba ukeTesobisaken axlac ar Secvlila, piriqiT - SeiZleba gauaresda kidec”– ambobs is. erT-erT mTavar problemad imas miCnevs, rom seriozuli damokidebuleba saqmis mimarT arc iq momuSave personals da arc studentebs ar hqoniaT. aseve, ambobs: ,,xSirad produqtebic ar gvqonia da amis gamo sul sxva raRacis momzadeba gviswavlia”. saswavleblebSi problema gaumarTavi materialur-teqnikuri bazacaa, rac swavlebis dabal xarixs ganapirobebs. cotne rusTavis erT-erT profesiul saswavlebelSi kompiuterul teqnologiebs swavlobda. ,,kompiuterebis umravlesoba gaumarTavi iyo, rac saSualebas ar gvaZlevda, srulyofilad Segveswavla programebi, Sesabamisad, arc vswavlobdiT raime mniSvnelovans. ZiriTadad elementaruli raRacebis swavla gviwevda - ambobs cotne. ‘ garda amisa, saswavleblebSi aris iseTi mimarTulebebi, romlebic umaRles saswavleblebSic gvxvdeba. magaliTad, rusTavis erT-erT profesiul kolejSi aris buRalteriis weliwadnaxevriani kursebi da swavlis dasrulebis Semdeg gaicema di plomi, magram damsaqmeblebi amboben, rom maT urCevniaT, samsaxurSi bakalavriatis xarisxis mqone adamiani aiyvanon: ,,buRalteriis kursebi maqvs gavlili, Tumca am profesiiT

ver vsaqmdebi” - gviTxra mariam krawaSvilma, romelmac rusTavis erT-erTi profesiuli saswavlebeli daamTavra da CvenTan saubrisas aRniSna, rom kolejs ar aqvs Sesabamisi resursebi da garemo iseTi codnis mosacemad, rogoric potenciur damsaqmebels sWirdeba.

Sefmzareul laSa mamulaSvilis TqmiT: ,,SedarebiT kargi viTarebaa Tbilisis erT-erT kerZo profesiul saswavlebelSi, sadac swavla Zviria, Tanxis gamo, bavSvebi xSirad amjobineben saxelmwifo saswavleblebSi Caabarebas.” kiTxvaze, Tu ra SesaZleblobebi aqvT dasaqmebis mxriv kursdamTavrebulebs, rusTavis erT-erT profesiul saswavlebelSi gvpasuxoben, rom es damokidebulia profesiebze. magaliTad, komputeruli mecnierebis kursi axalgazrdebSi Zalian popularulia, amasTanave, bunebrivia, rom am profesiis warmomadgenelTa Soris bazarze konkurenciac Zalian maRalia, swored amitomac, SedarebiT naklebia dasaqmebis SesaZlebloba. Tumca kolejSi aris iseTi mimarTulebebic, romlebic dasaqmebis bazarze moTxovnadia da aseTi profesis mqone moswavleebis umravlesoba kursebis damTavrebis Semdeg dasaqmebas axerxebs. ras akeTebs ganaTlebis saministro am problemebis gamosasworeblad? ganaTlebis, mecnierebis, kulturisa da sportis saministrom profesiuli ganaTlebis reforma gaatara, romelic 2013-2020 unda Sesruldes. reformis erT-erTi mTavari mizani profesiuli ganaTlebis miRebis xelmisawvdomobaa, rac sruldeba kidec. reforma pirvelad 2017 wels Sefasda, ris mixedviTac SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom gegmis 50% Sesrulebulia. miuxedavad amisa, mravali mniSvnelovani problema, maT Soris, kerZo seqtoris profesiuli ganaTlebis sistemaSi dabali CarTuloba, kvlavac mougvarebeli rCeba. aRniSnul Temaze saqarTvelos ganaTlebis, mecnierebis, kulturisa da sportis saministroSi Cvens werilobiT kiTxvebs ar upasuxes.

elene lacabiZe

oSxnelis studia – praqtikuli codna JurnalistikaSi naTia WaliZe Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis meoTxe kursis studentia. profesiiT filologma, axlaxan Caabara Tsu-is mediisa da telexelovnebis sazogadoebriv kolejSi, fotografiis mimarTulebiT. ambobs, rom kolejis Sesaxeb Tsu-is oficialuri feisbuqgverdidan gaigo da dainteresda. “didi xania, rac fotoebs moyvarulis doneze viReb, programamac swored amitom miiqcia Cemi yuradReba. minda is saqme, romelic Zalian momwons, kargad viswavlo. saswavlo kursi aTTviania da vimedovneb, saintereso, SemoqmedebiTi garemo damxvdeba kolejSi”, - ambobs naTia. kolejis istoria 1989 wlidan iwyeba. maSin zurab oSxnelis iniciativiT Seqmnilma saymawvilo-satelevizio studiam saTave daudo saqarTveloSi formalur ganaTlebas mediisa da televiziis mimarTulebiT. mas Semdeg kolejma ramdenjerme Seicvala dasaxeleba, bolo 11 wlis ganmavlobaSi igi iliaunis saswavlo satelevizio centris saxelwodebiT funqcionirebda. axla ki, saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2018 wlis 6 martis dadgenilebiT, Tsu-is mediisa da telexelovnebis sazogadoebriv kolejad gadakeTda da am saxiT ganagrZobs arsebobas. ganaTlebis saministros reformis Tanaxmad, profesiul kolejebs umaRlesi saswavleblebis bazaze funqcionirebis SesaZlebloba miecaT. reformis mizani profesiuli ganaTlebis prestiJis amaRlebaa. koleji studentebs saganmanaTleblo programebis Svid mimarTulebas sTavazobs: reportiori, tele-radio wamyvani, telereJisori, operatori, memontaJe, satelevizio grafikosi da fotografi. aq swavla ufasoa. erT-erTi kursamTavrebuli ani gurabaniZea. man oSxnelis studiaSi 2016 wlis gazafxulis semestrSi Caabara da tele-radio reportingis orwliani kursi gaiara, ris paraleluradac swavlobda Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi. maSin studia jer kidev iliaunis saswavlo satelvizio centris saxels atarebda.

“Tamamad SemiZlia vTqva, rom oSxnelis studia dResdReobiT ualternativoa im axalgazrdebisaTvis, romlebsac Jurnalistikis mimarTulebiT praqtikuli codnis

miReba undaT. garemo mTlianad studentis interesebzea morgebuli. vfiqrob, rom es centri dafiqrebis saSualebas gaZlevs zogadad imaze, Tu ra ginda akeTo momavalSi da namdvilad aris Tu ara Jurnalistika Seni saqme”, - ambobs ani. kiTxvaze - dasaqmebis mxriv gamoadga Tu ara iq miRebuli praqtikuli codna, mpasuxobs: “am mxriv saqarTveloSi cota sxvanairadaa saqme. qarTuli televiziebSi adamiani ganusazRveli vadiT ahyavT staJiorad. garda amisa, dasaqmebisas codnis garda sxva faqtorebic moqmedebs”. aRsaniSnavia, rom, sanam Tsu-s miuerTdeboda, am kolejSi Cabareba nebismieri universitetisa da mimarTulebis students manamdec SeeZlo. Sesabamisad, Cndeba logikuri

SekiTxva, ratom Sedioda Tsu-is interesebSi kolejis mierTeba. miTumetes, rom universitetSi, Jurnalistikis mimarTulebaze, isedac aris multimedia centri da Sesabamisi teqnika imisTvis, rom studentebma praqtikuli codna miiRon. sakiTxavia isic, es gadawyvetileba xom ar migvaniSnebs garkveulwilad imaze, rom universiteti sakmaris praqtikul codnas ver aZlevs studentebs. am kiTxvebze Tsu-is xarisxis marTvis samsaxursa da sazogadoebsTan urTierTobis departamentSi mpasuxoben. “profesiuli kolejis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis bazaze dafuZneba ar niSnavs mis gadakveTas romelime sabakalavro an samagistro programasTan. umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis qolgis

qveS ramdenime profesiuli saswavleblis funqcionireba aprobirebuli praqtikaa. universitetis interesia, rom umaRles ganaTlebasTan erTad, maRali donis profesiuli programebi SesTavazos axalgazrdebs.

Jurnalistikis mimarTulebaze arsebuli multimedia centri ki bakalavriatis studentebisTvis saukeTeso saSualebaa Teoriul codnaze daaSenon praqtikuli unarebi”, - amboben departamentSi. kolejis direqtorma, zurab oSxnelma gazeT “Tbilisis universitetTan” Tqva: “Cveni programa aranairad ar kveTs Tsuis Jurnalistikis sabakalavro programas. akademiur swavlebas aqvs gansakuTrebuli misia – unda gazardos analitikosi Jurnalisti, profesiulma kolejma ki, Zalian martivad rom vTqvaT, xelosani reportiori.

SeiZleba dadges dro, rodesac profesiuli kolejisa da Tsu-is Jurnalistikisa da masobrivi komunikaciis mimarTulebis warmomadgenlebi moilaparakeben iseTi sabakalavro programis SemuSavebaze, romelic metad adaptirebuli, moqnili da moTxovnadi iqneba axalgazrdebisaTvis. es moxdeba mxolod orive mxaris survilis SemTxvevaSi”. is faqti, rom oSxnelis studia universitetis saxeliT agrZelebs funqcionirebs, ar niSnavs Tsu-is studentebisaTvis raime saxis upiratesobebiT sargeblobas. igi Tanabar pirobebs sTavazobs yvelas, vinc iq swavlas gadawyvets. koleji funqcionirebs, rogorc sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri, mas afinansebs saxelmwifo da ar aris damokidebuli universitetis biujetze. aRsaniSnavia, rom igi partniorobs “rusTavi 2-Tan”, radio “fortunasTan”, “kikala studiosa” da sazogadoebriv mauwyebelTan. Tsu-is mediisa da telexelovnebis sazogadoebriv kolejs didi gegmebi aqvs. rogorc mis strategiaSi vkiTxulobT, kolejis mizania, rom 2030 wlisTvis saerTaSoriso doneze moTxovnadi mediaskola iyos. gegmis gansaxorcieleblad mas kidev 12 weliwadi aqvs.Mmanamde ki studiaSi CaricxulTa axali nakadisaTvis swavla 3 dekembers iwyeba.

Tamar oniani 11

studenturi cxovrebis panorama

studenturi zafxuli evropaSi zafxulis ardadegebi umravlesobisTvis Tavisufali drois maqsimalurad kargad da produqtiulad aTvisebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. unda vaRiaroT, rom damRleli saswavlo semestris dasrulebisTanave zafxulSi kargad dasveneba, dakarguli Zalebisa da energiis aRdgena namdvilad araa urigo. amis miuxedavad, arseboben studentebi, romlebic Tavisufal dros dasvenebas Sromas amjobineben. SesaZloa damRlel da rutinul Sromas, Tumca isini karg anazRaurebasTan erTad, im udides siamovnebas iReben, rasac mogzauroba hqvia. ra unda iyos imaze ukeTesi, gaemgzavro sazRvargareT iseT qveyanaSi rogoric amerika, germania an poloneTia? Seagrovo STabeWdilebebi, miiRo didi gamocdileba, ucxo enis praqtika, maRali anazRaureba da SeiZino axali megobrebi. swored es gaxlavT ZiriTadi CamonaTvali im mizezebisa, ris gamoc studentebi yovel zafxuls ar izareben Tavdauzogav Sromas da samSoblos ramdenime aTasi kilometriT Sordebian. Cveni statiac swored am programebSi CarTuli studentebis Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs, romlebisTvisac sazafxulo dasaqmeba Semosavlisa da gamocdilebis miRebis mniSvnelovan wyarod iqca.

swavlisa da samuSao saaTebis SeTavseba advili ar aris. miTumetes maSin, rodesac universiteti xSirad ar aZlevs studentebs imis fufunebas, rom maT mTeli dRe Tavisufali hqondeT da dro muSaobasac dauTmon. magram Tu nanas, Tamarisa da salomes msgavsad Tqvenc gadawyvetT cxeli zafxulis 3 Tvis sxva qveyanaSi samuSaod gatarebas, namdvilad ar mogiwevT swavlasa da muSaobas Soris arCevanis gakeTeba. es programebi gezs ZiriTadad amerikis, germaniisa da poloneTis mimarTulebiT iRebs da Zalian didi popularobiT sargeblobs studentebs Soris. aseTi programebi saSualebas iZleva 3-4 TviT gadafrindeT sxva qveyanaSi, icxovroT damoukideblad da legalurad imuSaoT sxvadasxva momsaxurebis sferoSi, rogoricaa: restorani, sastumro, swrafi kvebis obieqti, gasarTobi parki, maRazia da ase Semdeg. studentebisTvis dakisrebuli samuSao erTi SexedviT rTuli ar Cans, magram yovel dRe 8-10 saaTis ganmavlobaSi Seusveneblad muSaoba, didi pasuxismgeblobis aReba, klientebis momsaxureba sruliad ucnob garemosa da ucxo enaze arc ise martivi amocanaa.

Cvenma erT-erTma respondentma nana qavTaraZem, romelic Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino universitetis stomatologiur fakultetze swavlobs, gagviziara Tavisi STabeWdilebebi da is, Tu ra gamocdileba miiRo man germaniaSi muSaobis Sedegad. „germaniaSi samuSaod wasvla im dros gadavwyvite, roca srulwlovani gavxdi. es gadawyvetileba Zalian damexmara damoukidebeli cxovrebisaken pirveli nabijebis gadadgmaSi. sakuTari SromiT fulis gamomuSavebas namdvilad araferi sjobs. amaSi im wamidan davrwmundi, rodesac erTTviani muSaobis Semdeg pirveli xelfasi damericxa. amitom, danamdvilebiT SemiZlia giTxraT, rom Semosavlis misaRebad aucileblad Rirs zafxulSi Tavisufali drois mokleba da cota gariskvac, raTa ucxo garemoSi damoukideblad cxovreba da muSaoba SeZloT. germaniaSi samuSaod wels ukve meored wavedi, amjerad Cems ZmasTan erTad. es namdvilad didi fufuneba iyo CemTvis, radgan

ojaxis uaxloes wevrTan erTad yofna ufro naklebad gagrZnobinebs imas, rom sruliad ucxo garemoSi moxvdi“, - gveubneba nana.

Tamar lomiZe, nana qavTaraZis msgavsad, zafxulSi germaniis „evropa parkSi“ muSaobda. Tamaris TqmiT, sxva yvelaferTan erTad, misTvis mTavari mainc cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis miReba iyo da damRleli samuSao dReebis miuxedavad, germaniaSi gatarebuli zafxuli, dauviwyar mogonebad darCeba mis cxovrebaSi. “evropa parkSi muSaobis yvelaze didi pliusi, albaT, sxvadasxva gasarTobi atraqcionia, romlebic sruliad ufaso iyo im adamianebisaTvis, vin iq muSaobda. TiTqmis arcerTi atraqcioni ar damitovebia uyuradRebod, miRebuli adrenalini ki mexmareboda damRleli samuSao dRis daviwyebaSi. „evropa parkSi“ samuSaod Casuli studentebi saerTo sacxovrebelSi vcxovrobdiT, rac kidev ufro saxalisos xdida iq muSaobas. gavicani araerTi ucxoeli studenti. saRamoebs ZiriTadad erTad vatarebdiT, xan frenburTis TamaSs vuTmobdiT dros, xanac ubralod erTmaneTTan komunikacias“, - ambobs Tamari.

Cveni mesame respondenti salome quriZe ki 2 TviT poloneTSi gaemgzavra samuSaod. misTvis mTavari axali kontaqtebis damyareba da mogzauroba iyo. „samuSao periodis dasrulebisTanave, erTi kviriT, megobrebTan erTad, samogzaurod, evropis ramdenime qveyanaSi gadavedi. gamomuSavebuli fulis nawili, marTalia, iq damexarja, magram mainc sakmarisad damrCa Tanxa imisTvis, rom saqarTveloSi dabrunebis Semdeg finansurad damoukideblad megrZno Tavi. vaRiareb, samuSao Zalian damRleli iyo. jer krepebSi, Semdeg ki piceriaSi momiwia muSaoba da, kargi koleqtivis miuxedavad, amdeni saaTis ganmavlobaSi fexze dgoma da uamravi klientis momsaxureba dRis bolomde mTel energias maclida. iyo sirTuleebi, magram, vfiqrob, Cems SesaZleblobebSi metad davrwmundi da Tavdajerebulobac momemata. swored amitom, didi albaTobiT, Semdeg welsac waval samuSaod. oRond amjerad sxva qveyanas movinaxulebdi“ - ambobs salome.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom drois ganawileba, swavlasa da muSaobasTan erTad rTulia, Tumca arseboben studentebi, romlebic warmatebiT arTmeven Tavs orives erTad. aRsaniSnavia, rom xSirad esec Zalian bevr problemasTanaa dakavSirebuli. am SemTxvevaSi ki, erT-erT yvelaze karg alternativad SegviZlia zemoxsenebuli sazafxulo samuSao programebi davasaxeloT, romelTa saSualebiTac studentebs SesaZlebloba eZlevaT swavla da muSaoba erTmaneTs SeuTavson.

qeTevan WeiSvili

alternatiuli bolnisi axalgazrdebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT dRes, mniSvnelovania sivrcis arseboba, sadac SeZleben msgavsi azrovnebisa da motivirebuli adamianebis gacnobas, ideebis gaziarebasa da azrTa gacvla-gamocvlas. dedaqalaqSi, ase Tu ise, amis saSualeba axalgazrdebs eZlevaT, Tumca, gacilebiT rTuladaa saqme regionebSi, sadac Tavisufali sivrceebi, praqtikulad, ar gvxvdeba. qalaq bolnisSi aseTi sivrcis mowyoba Tornike adamaSvilma gadawyvita. „artrezidencia (ART HOUSE)„ - ase hqvia mis proeqts, romelsac ukve me-4 welia uZRveba. Tornikem swavlis damTavrebis Semdeg, gadawvita, Tavis qalaqs, bolniss, dabruneboda da misTvis raime Rirebuli gaekeTebina. misi TqmiT, Camosvlamde didxans fiqrobda imaze, Tu ra formiT unda Camoyalibebuliyo “artrezidencia”. Tornikem amisTvis sakuTari saxli daTmo da Seqmna sivrce, sadac bolnisis axalgazrdebs eZlevaT Sekrebisa da bevri kreatiuli ideis ganxorcielebis saSualeba. „artrezidenciaze Tavidanve Camoyalibebuli xedva ar mqonia. bolnisSi Camosvlis gadawyvetileba rom miviRe, ar vicodi, ra formatiT gakeTdeboda is, rac realurad mindoda. guli migrZnobda, rom, Cemi cxovrebis wesidan gamomdinare, es iyo idealuri saSualeba - Tan mecxovra aq (bolnisSi) da Tan raime sasargeblo mekeTebina adgilobrivi TemisTvis, axalgazrdebisTvis“, - gviyveba Tornike. “artrezidenciaSi“ misuli axalgazrdebi erTiani ZalisxmeviT muSaoben proeqtebze, axorcieleben sxvadasxva samuSao Sexvedras, iwveven saintereso adamianebs da atareben leqciebs, masterklasebs. es aris sruliad Tavisufali sivrce, sadac araformaluri ganaTlebis miRebas Tavadve uzrunvelyofen; aq aravin SegzRudavT droSi da aravin dagiwunebT ideas; misi kari arasdros ixureba mondomebuli adamianebisaTvis. TornikesTan erTad, aseve aqtiuradaa saqmianobaSi Cabmuli vano erisTavi. is did dros atarebs rezidenciaSi da cdilobs, Tavisi wvlili Seitanos bolnisis ganviTarebasa da gamococxlebaSi: „bolniss ar hqonda arc kinoTeatri da arc sxva raime iseTi sivrce, sadac axalgaz-

12

rdebi SeiZendnen araformalur ganaTlebas.

Tornikes mizani da Semdgom Cveni, bolniseli axalgazrdebis miznebi gaerTianda da daviwyeT peticiis Segroveba, raTa kinoTeatri dabruneboda qalaqs. mizans mivaRwieT da xelmowerebis Segrovebis Semdeg, ekonomikis saministrom bolnisis municipalitets daubruna Senoba. es iyo Cveni gaerTianebis Sedegi. amis Semdeg mivxvdiT, rom „brZola“ erTad unda gagvegrZelebina“, - ambobs vano erisTavi. gavesaubre rezidenciis xSir stumrebsac, romlebmac saubrisas ar damales kmayofileba da simpaTia Tornike adamaSvilis mier daarsebuli “artrezidenciis” mimarT: ani aslaniSvili: „bolnisisTvis raRac axali da ucxo iqmneba. axalgazrdebs gvifarTovdeba Tvalsawieri. “artrezidenciis” daxmarebiT cocxldeba Zveli Senobebi, mag., „orbi“, kinoTeatri da sxva.“ maTe tabaRua: „bolnisis “artrezidencia”, Cemi azriT, samomavlo ganviTarebisTvis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis mqonea. is Tavidan bolomde im axalgazrdebis mondomebiTa da

SromiT Seiqmna, romlebsac marTla awuxebT umoqmedoba. maT Tavad surT, bolnisis problemebis mogvarebaSi aqtiurad monawileoba da amas sruliad usasyidlod akeTeben, Tumca, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, maT waxaliseba sWirdebaT im instanciebidan, romlebsac uSualod evalebaT am problemebis mogvarebaze zrunva.“ kaxa berZenaZe: „pirvel yovlisa, madloba minda gadavuxado Tornike adamaSvils, rezidenciis sulis Camdgmels. es aris adgili, sadac viTardeba rogorc xelovneba, ise Cven, bolniseli axalgazrdoba. me Zalian miyvars es adgili da kargi iqneba, Tu sxva bolniselebic metad Seiyvareben da daafaseben mas.“ „bolnisi - xelovnebis qalaqi“ - aseTi slogani SeurCia “artrezidencias” misma damfuZnebelma. ra Tqma unda, es SemTxveviTi ar aris. Tornike da misi Tanamoazreebi xelovnebis popularizacias did mniSvnelobas aniWeben: „gvindoda, rom regionul konteqstSi gagvekeTebina raime saintereso kulturuli

centri im gamocdilebebze dayrdnobiT, rac davagroveT studentobis periodSi, rasac wavawydi Tbilissa Tu sxva qalaqebSi. amiT axali sicocxle SemovitaneT“, - ambobs ”artrezidenciis” damfuZnebeli. “artrezidencias” gansakuTrebulobas sZens is faqtic, rom is kontaqts amyarebs sxva qalaqebis axalgazrda xelovan adamianebTan. „kulturis importi“ - ase uwodeben rezidenciaSi am process. aq maT eZlevaT saSualeba, Camovidnen ramdenime dRiT da gaacnon TavianTi kultura adgilobrivebs, Seqmnan namuSevrebi da gacvalon maspinZlebTan gamocdileba. isini erTad awyoben filmebis Cvenebasa da diskusiebs, msjeloben sxvadasxva problemur sakiTxze. garda amisa, stumrebi da maspinZlebi erTad awyoben gasarTob RonisZiebebs, cekvaven, mRerian, usmenen gemovnebian musikas, rac kidev ufro uwyobs xels maT daaxloebas.

Tornike „artrezidenciis“ miznad swored kulturis decentralizacias, sxvagan ukve warmatebuli proeqtebis ganxorcielebasa da Camosuli axalgazrdebis adgilobriv axalgazrdebTan „Sejaxebis“ Sedegad Seqmnil axal kulturas miiCnevs: „didi survili gvaqvs, rom mxolod TviTon ar viyoT RonisZiebebis organizatorebi, aramed sxva organizatorebis maspinZlebi, romlebsac davexmarebiT sxvadasxva RonisZiebis mowyobaSi, iqneba es gamofena, instalacia, wignis prezentacia Tu sxv.“ Tornike adamaSvilsa da mTlianad “artrezidencias” imedi aqvT, rom municipalitetis gamgeoba metad dainteresdeba maTi saqmianobiT da gverdSi daudgeba yvela iniciativis ganxorcielebaSi. marTalia, am etapze, saremonto samuSaoebis gamo, aqtiuri saqmianoba droebiT SeCerebulia, Tumca gazafxulze axalgazrdebi axali energiiTa da ideebiT apireben muSaobis ganaxlebas. “artrezidenciis” irgvliv Tavmoyril axalgazrdebs sjeraT, rom bolnisi regionis kulturul centrad iqceva, sjeraT isic, rom maTi ideebi realuri da ganxorcielebadia. Tumca, maT ukve Seqmnes sakuTari alternatiuli bolnisi.

elene gogolaZe

mediawignierebis panorama

ratom vwerT mediawignierebaze?

TiToeul Cvengans yoveldRiurad informaciis uzarmazari nakadis miReba da gafiltvra uwevs. xSirad ar viciT, vis vendoT da vis mier mowodebuli informaciaSi Segveparos eWvi. socialuri media am process kidev ufro arTulebs, radgan aq ukontrolod vrceldeba siaxleebi da Sefasebebi. am yvelaferma gamokveTa sazogadoebaSi mediaw-

ignierebis amaRlebis saWiroeba da Cvenma redaqciam gadawyvita erTi rubrika am sakiTxs dauTmos. rubrikaSi “mediawignierebis panorama” ganxiluli iqneba iseTi Temebi, rogorebicaa yalbi ambebi, propaganda, trolebi, yalbi angariSebi da a.S rubrika miznad isaxavs gazeTis mkiTxvelTa cnobierebis amaRlebas mediawignierebis sakiTebze.

ruseTis brZola sainformacio velze sainformacio omi dRes yvelaze didi safrTxea, vinaidan am omis mTavari msxverpli simarTlea. kremlidan wamosuli propagandistuli gzavnilebi msoflio masStabiT vrceldeba da rasakvirvelia, arc saqarTveloa gamonaklisi. sainformacio-fsiqologiur brZolas ruseTi araerTi gziT warmarTavs, Tumca maTgan gamosayofia media zewola. saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis samsaxuris 2017 wlis angariSSi ,,hibriduli omis’’ taqtikas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba. angariSis mixedviT, propagandis gavrcelebaSi didi roli aqvs swored mediakampaniebs, kiberoperaciebsa da calkeul kiberSetevebs. saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg „hibriduli omis“ SemuSavebuli taqtika gamoirCeva mravalferovnebiT da mimarTulia qveyanaSi erovnuli interesebis, demokratiuli Rirebulebebis, institutebisa da kanonis uzenaesobis winaaRmdeg. saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis samsaxuris angariSSi pirvelad Caiwera saqarTveloSi ucxo qveynebis specsamsaxurebis ZiriTadi amocanebi. esenia: 1. qarTul sazogadoebaSi antidasavluri ganwyobis gaRviveba; 2. saerTaSoriso doneze saqarTvelos, rogorc saimedo partnioris imijis Selaxva; 3. sazogadoebaSi undoblobis, gaurkvevlobis, uimedobisa da nihilizmis gaCena; 4. eTnikur da religiur niadagze destabilizaciis kerebis Seqmna, raTa qveyanaSi ganviTardes dezintegraciuli procesebi da qarTuli sazogadoeba iyos polarizebuli. ”informaciis Tavisuflebis ganviTarebis institutis“ (IDFI) 2016 wlis kvlevis mixedviT, Tu Cveni mTavroba winaaRmdegobis gawevas ver SeZlebs rusuli propagandisTvis, maSin: • Sesustdeba evropuli da evroatlantikuri integraciis mimarT saqarTvelos mosaxleobis mxardaWera da gaizrdeba ruseTTan daaxloebis mxardamWerTa ricxvi, riTac safrTxe Seeqmneba qveynis evroatlantikur kurss da usafrTxoebas.

• gareSe mtrul Zalas saSualeba miecema gavlena iqonios qveynis politikur dRis wesrigze, riTac safrTxe Seeqmneba saqarTvelos suverenitets.

• dezinformaciuli kampaniis Sedegad saqarTvelos amomrCevelTa Soris gaizrdeba gaurkvevlobisa da disonansis done, rac xels SeuSlis amomrCevels, miiRos

faqtebze da ara emociebze dafuZnebuli gadawyvetileba. amiT gareSe Zala Seasustebs qarTul demokratias da gavlenas iqoniebs arCevnebis Sedegebze. amasTan, Semcirdeba xelisuflebisa da politikuri institutebis mimarT mosaxleobis ndoba da Sesabamisad, maTi legitimaciac.

• sazogadoebaSi gaZlierdeba qsenofobia da gaRvivdeba eTnikuri Tu religiuri SuRli, Sesustdeba samoqalaqo erTianoba da garTuldeba eTnikuri umciresobebis politikuri da sazogadoebrivi integracia. rusuli propagandis gavlenis evolucia saqarTveloSi 2008 wlis omis Semdeg gamoikveTa. propagandistuli teqnologiebi kremlma kidev ufro daxvewa 2014 wlis yirimis aneqsiis dros. ,,Eugorgia.info’’-s mixedviT, ruseTma swored dezinformaciis gavrcelebiT SeZlo ukrainis teritoriis nawilis aneqsia da Seqmna destabilizaciis kerebi. rogorc saqarTvelos atlantikuri sabWos vice-prezidenti baTu quTelia aRniSnavs, swored am faqtis Semdeg gamofxizlda demokratiuli qveynebi, radganac gamoaSkaravda ruseTidan wamosuli safrTxe kacobriobis umniSvnelovanes monapovarze - demokratiaze. ”mediis ganviTarebis fondis“ (MDF) mier, „tolerantobis, samoqalaqo cnobierebisa da integraciis mxardaWeris programis“ farglebSi warmoebuli kvlevis mixedviT, 2017 wels monitoringis obieqt 17 mediasaSualebaSi sul 1967 antidasavluri komentari gamovlinda. am komentarebis mTavari wyaro, wina wlebis msgavsad, media iyo (42.0%). wina wlebTan SedarebiT, TiTqmis gasammagebulia antiamerikuli gzavnilebi (25,9%), romelTac Crdilo-atlantikuri aliansi da dasavleTi mosdeven, gaormagebulia gzavnilebi evrokavSiris winaaRmdeg (13,4%). samagierod, identobis dakargvasTan da adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT antidasavlur konteqstSi gakeTebuli komentarebi (12,9%)

TiTqmis ganaxevrebulia. sxvadasxva wyaroebi saqarTvelos winaSe arsebuli problemebis gadaWris erTaderT saSualebad qveynis sagareo politikuri kursis Secvlas da ruseTTan strategiul partniorobas asaxelebdnen. amave kvlevis mixedviT, gamoikveTa 4 ZiriTadi antidasavluri mesijis gamavrcelebeli qarTuli media wyaro. esenia: • onlain gamocema „saqarTvelo da msoflio“; • sainformacio portali „saqinformi“; • tv „obieqtivi“; • gazeTi „asaval-dasavali“. magaliTad, mimdinare wlis 27 ianvars „obieqtivis“ eTerSi gavida ruseTis saxelmwifo televiziis, pirveli arxis, siuJeti, romelic Seicavda dezinformacias. obieqtivis wamyvanma gamoacxada, rom waradgenda 1997 wels sabWoTa SeiaraRebis mier amerikelebis saimedo TviTmfrinav “nevidimkas” iugoslaviaSi Camogdebis videos, Tumca sinamdvileSi es iyo merilendis sahaero Souze monawile analogiuri modelis (F-117A) sabrZolo TviTmfrinavis kadrebi. dezinformaciis mizani aSS-is samxedro Zlierebis xarvezebis Cveneba iyo. garda aRniSnuli mediaarxebisa, respondentTa mxridan antidasavluri Sinaarsis komentarebis SedarebiT maRali maCvenebeli ikveTeba Semdeg gamocemebSi: • gazeTi „alia’’; • tv „maestro’’; • tv „kavkasia’’; • „marSalpresi“. ruseTis xelisuflebis mier finansdeba propagandistuli multimedia saagento Sputnik. saqarTveloSi „sputnikma“ radio mauwyeblobis dawyeba 2014 wels ukanonod scada. maleve „saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma komisiam’’ (GNCC) mauwyebelze sanqciebi daawesa da daajarima. dRes is mxolod onlain platformiT sargeblobs.

,,kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centris’’ (CRRC) kvlevis mimdinare wlis angariSis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi yvelaze popularuli sami rusulenovani arxia: • ORT; • RTR; • Russia 1. „informaciis Tavisuflebis ganviTarebis institutis“ (IDFI) monacemebiT ki ucxouri arxebdan qarTveli mayureblisTvis yvelaze popularulia: NNTV - 33.98%; OORT (ruseTis pirveli arxi) 22.15%; somxuri arxebi - 16.22%; TiTqmis yvela rusuli arxi - 12.57%. ruseTis propagandistuli iaraRis Zalis aRsakveTad, 2014 wlidan, ukrainis mTavrobam qveyanaSi asobiT rusuli mediasaSualeba akrZala. msgavsi akrZalvis gatarebis mcdeloba 2016 wels saqarTeloSic iyo. Tumca sadavoa ramdenad warmatebulia es meTodi. ,,GIPA’’-s politikuri mecnierebebis magistranti irakli axalaZe iziarebs natos generaluri mdivnis, iens stoltenbergis, pozicias imis Sesaxeb, rom rusul propgandas strategiuli komunikaciis gziT unda vebrZoloT. misi TqmiT, propagandis sapasuxod yvelaze efeqturi isev propaganda da adamianTa informirebulobaa. yirimis aneqsiis Semdeg dasavleTma ukeT aRiqva ruseTidan momdinare safrTxe da gaaqtiurda masTan sabrZolvelad. 2014– 2015 wlebSi evrokavSirma aRmosavleT partniorobis qveynebisTvis, rusuli propagandis winaaRmdeg, specialuri strategia SeimuSava, romelic gulisxmobs Tavisufali mediis mxardaWeras. aseve, 2015 wels evrokavSirma specialistTa jgufi Seqmna, romelic organizaciis politikis damaxinjebulad gavrcelebis winaaRmdegaa mimarTuli. „evrokavSiri dezinformaciis winaaRmdeg“ kampaniis farglebSi, Seiqmna saiti - www.euvsdisinfo.eu. misi mizania kremlis mier gavrcelebuli dezinformaciis gamovlena, maTi yovelkvireuli mimoxilva da analitikuri statiebis gamoqveyneba. 2015 wlis martidan mimdinare wlis gazafxulis CaTvliT, gamovlenilia 3800 yalbi axali ambavi.

gvanca CxikvaZe

13

kulturis panorama

interviu

ART GALLERY axalgazrda mxatvris axdenili ocneba

mariam martoleki 20 wlis TviTnaswavli mxatvaria. rogorc TviTon ambobs, xatva aravis uswavlebia. man SromiTa da sakuTari saxsrebiT SeZlo da ocneba aixdina – mcxeTaSi, sveticxovlis mimdebare teritoriaze sakuTari „art galerea“ gaxsna.

Mmariami gviambobs, Tu ra gza gaiara miznis misaRwevad da, zogadad, ras warmoadgens misTvis is saqme, romelsac didi xania akeTebs.

alebda TavSi, rom mqonoda patara oTaxi, romelSic kedlebi Cemi naxatebiT iqneboda dafaruli. imdenad mqonda es survili akviatebuli, rom ojaxis wevrebi xSirad minawyendebodnen. maT Cemi ocnebis axdenis SesaZlebloba ar hqondaT, amitom am Temaze saubrisas yovelTvis iTrgunebodnen. me mainc mqonda imedi, rom odesme SevZlebdi da gavakeTebdi Cems galereas. swored es imedi mexmareboda, Semeqmna rac SeiZleba meti xarisxiani naxati. erT dResac davfiqrdi da mivxvdi, rom aRar viyavi patara mariami, romelic kedlebze xatviT kmayofildeboda. gaviazre, rom SemeZlo gamekeTebina meti Cemi keTildReobisTvis. 19 wlis asakSi kreditis saSualebiTa da Cemi megobrebis gverdSi dgomiT mcxeTaSi, Cems saxlTan axlos movZebne farTi, cota gavaremonte da gavxseni “art galerea”. marTalia, didi riskis fasad, magram, RmerTis wyalobiT, yvelaferi kargad wavida.

- ufro zustad, ra xdeba Sens galereaSi?

- rodis da rogor aRmoaCine, rom xatvis

niWi gqonda?

- xatva 3-4 wlis asakSi daviwye. vxatavdi yvelgan, sadac saSualeba mqonda: saxlis kedlebze, magidebze, skamebze da mSoblebis tansacmelzec ki. amis gamo xSirad viRebdi SeniSvnebs, Tumca Cemsas mainc ar viSlidi. drois gasvlasTan erTad, Cemi ojaxi mixvda, rom es ubralod bavSvuri gataceba ar iyo. nel-nela ixveweboda Cemi „najRabnebi“. bolos ise moxda, 10 wlis rom viyavi, mamaCems Cems naxatSi fulic ki SesTavazes. samwuxarod, im dros materialurad Zalian gviWirda da ver movaxerxeT, rom xatvaze mevlo. Tumca amas didi problema ar Seuqmnia.

Cems Tavze bevri muSaobiT da didi mondomebiT SevZeli da gavxdi TviTnaswavli mxatvari, rac Zalian meamayeba.

- vici, rom sakuTari “art galerea” gaqvs. ra gza gaiare imisaTvis, rom es ocneba agexdina?

- erTi SexedviT, saintereso araferi, Tumca CemTvis es adgili yvelafers niSnavs. patara farTia, sadac gamofenilia Cemi naxatebi. yoveldRiurad uamravi turisti modis da aTvalierebs. maT TiToeuli naxatis istoria ainteresebT da, survilis SemTxvevaSi, yiduloben kidec. marTalia, zogjer naxats Cemi gulic miyveba, magram ras vizam... iq yofnis paralelurad vmuSaob axal naxatebze, vgegmav momavals da vsaxav axal miznebs.

- rogorc axsene, naxats survilis SemTxvevaSi yiduloben. ese igi, Sens galereas savaWro funqciac aqvs?

- diax, ase gamovida. kargi iqneboda, mxolod sagamofeno daniSnuleba hqonoda, Tumca aRebul kredits dafarva unda, me ki Semosavali, romliTac arsebobas SevZleb. patara aRar var da mSoblebis imedze veRar viqnebi.

- ra aris Seni STagonebis wyaro?

- bavSvobidan yovelTvis is azri mitri-

axla dgamen pirvel nabijebs mxatvrobaSi da SensaviT ocnebebis axdenas elodebian?

- Cems Tanatolebs da ara marto maT, vurCev, rom arasodes dakargon imedi da mondomeba. aucileblad dadgeba dRe, roca ityvian: “me es SevZeli, ra iyo amaSi rTuli?”. yvelaferi Cvens mondomebazea damokidebuli. rom ara Cemi mondomeba, dRes saxlSi vijdebodi da ojaxis wevrebTan erTad davtkbebodi Cemi naxatebiT, rac Cems momavals aranairad ar waadgeboda.

- TiTqmis yvelaferi: wakiTxuli wigni, nanaxi filmi, musika, megobrebi, ojaxi...

STagonebis bevri wyaro maqvs. mcxeTa turistuli adgilia da yoveldRiurad uamravi xalxi moZraobs, me ki maTSi ideas vxedav. dRis ganmavlobaSi imden saintereso da ucnaur adamians vxvdebi, ar SeiZleba, raRac idea ar damebados. xSirad vxatav peizaJebs. mogexsenebaT, mcxeTa lamazi peizaJebis naklebobas ar uCivis. mec xSirad vjdebi da qaRaldze gadmomaqvs es silamaze.

- vfiqrob, rom asakTan SedarebiT bevrad ufro gawonasworebuli da mizandasaxuli xar. amaze Seni saqmianobac metyvelebs. saintereso iqneba Seni azri zogadad xelovnebaze. rogor ggonia, ra aris xelovneba da ratom arsebobs is amdeni xnis ganmavlobaSi?

- momavali miznebi axsene. Tu SegiZlia, rom Seni gegmebi gagvacno?

Cemi Tavis mimarT Zalian momTxovni var. ar miyvars erT adgilze gaCereba. galerea rom gavxseni kargia, magram ara sakmarisi. minda, rom amasTan erTad patara kafec gavxsna, sadac mosuli vizitorebi naxatebis daTvalierebasTan erTad yavis dalevasa da namcxvris Wamasac SeZleben. es did xarjebTanaa dakavSirebuli, ris gamoc, jerjerobiT, ver vaxerxeb, Tumca mjera da imeds ar vkargav, rom axlo momavalSi amas SevZleb.

maria bedoSvili

- xelovneba, Cemi azriT, siyvarulis da bednierebis erTgvari gamoxatulebaa. kacobriobis istoriaSi mas yovelTvis Tavisi adgili hqonda. zogjer metad iyo win wamoweuli, zogjer naklebad, Tumca arsebobas arasdros wyvetda. xelovnebis saSualebiT piradad me nebismieri grZnobisa da emociis gadmocema SemiZlia. ar arsebobs cxovreba xelovnebis gareSe. CemTvis is sicocxlisTvis aucilebeli komponentia. SeiZleba, es yvelaferi iluziaa, magram aSkaraa, rom am iluziis gareSe dRes bednierad cxovrebas ver SevZlebdi.

- ras urCevdi im adamianebs, romlebic

114 wlis Semdeg gagrZelebuli qvelmoqmedeba

„mamis gardacvalebis Semdeg saxlSi aRmovaCineT fenomenaluri masala, romelzec bebia bevrs gviyveboda. gadavwyviteT, rom masala saqarTvelosTvis gadmogveca, radgan es aris Tbilisis istoria“, - ambobs petre zubalaSvilis SvilTaSvili, sandra el-lanti, romelmac qveyanas 114 wlis winandeli erovnuli memkvidreoba gadmosca. zubalaSvilebis gvaris istoria, piradi nivTebi, gaweuli Tu dagegmili qvelmoqmedebis detalebi, maT mier dafinansebuli “saxalxo saxlis”, unversitetis pirveli korpusisa da konservatoriis mSeneblobis fotomasalebi da sxva istoriuli dokumentacia „erovnul muzeumSi“ pirveli noembridan gamoifina. dokumentacia detalurad gviyveba mecenati zubalaSvilebis saqmianobisa da qvelmoqmedebis istorias, romelic pirdapir ukavSirdeba Tbilisis istorias. zubalaSvilebis gvari qarTul istoriul dokumentebSi me-17 saukunis 80-iani wlebidan gvxvdeba. Zmebi didi qarTveli mrewvelebi da mecenatebi iyvnen. maT mizans saqarTvelos ekonomikuri winsvla warmoadgenda. zubalaSvilebis saxels ukavSirdeba TbilisSi, amierkavkasiaSi pirveli Saqris qarxnis aSeneba. swored maT aaSenes TbilisSi udidesi qarvasla, romelic 10 savaWro

14

maRazias, sawyobebs, Rvinis sardafebsa da 71 sastumro oTaxs aerTianebda. qarvaslaSi dasaqmebuli iyo 300-mde adamiani. Zmebi “vefxistyaosnis“ princi piT - „rasaca gascem Senia, rac ara dakargulia“- xelmZRvanelobdnen. swored amis dasturia maTi qvelmoqmedeba da aseve istorias SemorCenili dialogi, romelsac daviT guramiSvili Seswrebia. Turme, stefane zubalaSvili Tavis Zmas, petres eubneboda: „ici, Zmao, ra giTxra! Cven rom RmerTi gvaZlevs, Cvenc xelgaSliT unda vicxovroT, rom xalxs sargebloba movutanoT, Torem zed rom kruxebiviT davsxdeT, bevrs verafers gamovCekavT, CvenTvisac dakarguli iqneba da xalxisTvisaco“. „xalxs sargebloba“ namdvilad moutanes, radgan zubalaSvilebis dafinansebiT aSenda araerTi qarTuli skola da eklesia. didi wvlili miuZRviT qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis winaSe da es im weriliTac dasturdeba, romelic dRes ukve erovnul muzeumSia gamofenili: „Cveni sazogadoebis 25 wlis friad TvalsaCino da ganuwyvetlis Sromis aRsabeWdad, me ganvizraxe SeZlebisdagvarad davexmaro sazogadoebas. amasTanave, gigzavniT 10 000 maneTs da gTxovT, miiRoT es wvlili Cemgan, rogorc erTis gulSematkivaris qarTvelisgan. stefane zubalaSvili. 1905 wlis 5 aprili.” zubalaSvilebis saxels ukavSirdeba „saxalxo saxlis“ dRevandeli marjaniSvilis Teatris mSeneblobac: „avaSenebT iseT saxls, romelic iqneba sakuTreba muSebisa, ganurCevlad erovnebisa da sarwmunoebisa.“ mecenati Zmebis damsaxurebaa TbilisSi pirveli pediatriuli saavadmyofos, moxucebisaTvis upovarTa saxlisa da kojris gzaze sasadilo „samadlos” gaxsnac. pirveli msoflio omis dawyebisTanave petre zubalaSvilma Tbilisis gamgeobas samxedro lazareTisTvis ojaxis kuTvnili sastumro „londoni” da 20 aTasi maneTi gadasca.

am istoriebis damamtkicebeli unikaluri dokumentebis xilva „erovnul muzeumSia“ SesaZlebeli, Tumca es dokumentebi mxolod zubalaSvilebis istorias ar mogviTxroben, isini Tbilisis istorias gviyvebian, radgan mZebis cxovreba da maTi saqmianoba pirdapir ukavSirdeboda qalaqis ganviTarebas. erovnul muzeumSi SesaZlebelia ara mxolod am unikaluri dokumentebis xilva, aramed iakob zubalaSvilis Zalian saintereso naxatebis daTvalierebac.

rogorc gamofenis kuratori eka enuqiZe ambobs, saganZuris Camotanis idea maSin daibada,rodesac safrangeTSi zubalaSvilebis STamomavlebi gaicno. 114 wlis Semdeg, mecenat zubalaSvilTa mesame Taobam gaagrZela winaprebis qvelmoqmedebis gza da unikaluri dokumentebi saqarTvelos usasyidlod gadmosca.

mariam Ciqovani

kulturis panorama

kinos erTkviriani eqspansia TbilisSi kinomoyvarulebs, da aramarto maT, TbilisSi 3-dan 9 dekembris CaTvliT Tbilisis saerTaSoriso kinofestivali elodebaT. festivali welsac mravalferovan, Tanamedrove da gamorCeul programas gvTavazobs. rac mTavaria, filmis Cvenebebze daswreba ufasoa. kinofestivali 2000 wels daarsda da wels mecxrameted gaimarTeba. misi mizania, mayurebels msoflio da qarTuli kinematografiis axali, maRali mxatvruli Rirebulebis namuSevrebi gaacnos da xeli Seuwyos adgilobrivi kinoindustriis ganviTarebas. festivalis sponsorebi “Ria sazogadoebis fondi“, “kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saministro” da “saqarTvelos kinematografiis erovnuli centri” arian, xolo generaluri sponsori sastumro “rumsia”.

Tavisi arsebobis ganmavlobaSi festivalma saerTaSoriso masStabiT didi mniSvneloba SeiZina. aq wlidan wlamde izrdeba filmis wardgenisa da monawileobis msurvelTa raodenoba.

“Cven viswrafiT, rom kinofestivali samxreT kavkasiaSi reJisorebis, prodiuserebis, gayidvebis agentebisa da distributorebis TavSeyris adgili gaxdes”, - amboben organizatorebi. tradiciul TematikasTan erTad wlevandel siaxleebsac gagacnobT. me-19 saerTaSoriso kinofestivalze evrokavSiri sakuTar prizs awesebs. 10 dekemberi adamianis uflebaTa dacvis saerTaSoriso dRea, amasTan, wels adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis miRebidan 70 weli gavida. swored amitom, evrokavSiri prizs adamianis uflebebze gadaRebul saukeTeso films gadascems. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom wels saqarTvelo frankfurtis wignebis bazrobis sapatio stumari iyo, festivalma wlevandel Temad “literaturisa da kinos” dasaxeleba gadawyvita. am seqciaSi mayurebeli naxavs rogorc saintereso adaptaciebs (“tranzi-

ti” da “wignis maRazia”), ise biografiul namuSevrebs (“eTgar kereTi: dafuZnebulia namdvil ambavze” da “bednieri ufliswuli”). festivalis ZiriTadi da yvelaze mniSvnelovani nawili axali Taobis evropeli reJisorebis sadebiuto da srulmetraJiani mxatvruli filmebis saerTaSoriso konkursia. filmebs 5 wevrisgan Semdgari saerTaSoriso Jiuri afasebs. gamarjvebulebs festivalis oficialuri prizebi _ “oqros promeTe” saukeTeso filmisTvis, xolo “vercxlis promeTe” saukeTeso reJisurisTvis gadaecemaT. erovnul konkursSi ki saukeTeso mxatvruli, dokumenturi da moklemetraJiani filmebi gamovlindeba. wels sakonkurso seqciaSi 10 filmi iqneba warmodgenili. maT Soris erT-erTia “mezoblebi”, romelic saqarTvelosa da makedoniis erToblivi namuSevaria, filmis reJisori ki giga abaSiZea. sakonkurso programis garda, festivalis ZiriTadi seqciebia: evropuli kinos forumi - RonisZieba Tavidanve Cafiqrebuli iyo, rogorc evropuli kinos festivali. seqciaSi warmodgenilia bolo ori wlis saukeTeso evropuli filmebi. wels aq 16 filmis Cveneba gaimarTeba. horizontebi - seqcia aerTianebs bolo ori wlis saukeTeso filmebs aziidan, afrikidan, avstraliidan, CrdiloeTi da samxreTi amerikidan. mayurebeli wels 11 aseT films ixilavs. seqciaSi “qarTuli panorama” uaxles qarTul mxatvrul, dokumentur da animaciur filmebs ixilavT. am kinosuraTebis ZiriTadi nawili mayurebels jer ar unaxavs. wels 4 srulmetraJiani mxatvruli, 10 moklemetraJiani da animaciuri da 10 dokumenturi filmi iqneba warmodgenili. baltiispireTis qveynebis damoukideblobis 100 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad, Tbilisis me19 saerTaSoriso kinofestivali warmogidgenT specialur programas saxelwodebiT

“baltiispireTi-100”. seqciaSi naCvenebi iqneba uaxlesi lietuvuri, latviuri da estonuri filmebi. programis ganxorcielebaSi ki festivals samive qveynis saelCoebi da kinocentrebi exmarebian.

2005 wlidan Tbilisis kinofestivali Tavis erTgul partniorTan, saqarTveloSi goeTes institutTan erTad yovelwliurad waradgens uaxlesi germanuli filmebis programas, saxelwodebiT “damzadebulia germaniaSi”. wels mayurebeli 2017-2018 wlebis 5 saukeTeso germanul films ixilavs. es filmebia: saerTaSoriso konkursis monawile liza mileris “soflis xmauri”, “literatura da kinoSi” warmodgenili ioaxim langis “meqi dana. brextis samgroSiani filmi”, kristian petcoldis “tranziti”, sergei loznicas “donbasi” da “gamarjvebis dRe”. seqciaSi “reJisori fokusSi” wlevandeli stumari ukraineli reJisori, sergei loznicaa. is saqarTvelos ewveva da mayurebeli mis mxatvrul films, “donbassa” da dokumentur filmebs, “processa” da “gamarjvebis dRes” ixilavs. seqciaSi “qveyana fokusSi” warmodgenili iqneba italia, mayurebeli ki 7 gamorCeul

italiur namuSevars naxavs. festivali, aseve, ingmar bergmanis 100 wlis iubiles exmianeba da seqciaSi “apolo: kinos mexsiereba” mis 7 films aCvenebs. kinofestivali cdilobs, rom damsaxurebuli qarTveli kinomoRvaweebis Semoqmedeba miviwyebas ar mieces da ucxoelma mayurebelmac SeZlos misi naxva. wels gansakuTrebul Cvenebaze warmodgenili iqneba giorgi Sengelaias “alavedroba.”

Pitch.Doc-ze industriuli saxis RonisZiebis organizatoria dokumenturi filmebis saprodiusero kompania “saqdok filmi”. konkursis wesiT SerCeul monawileebs ordRiani treningebi CautardebaT. aseve, iqneba leqciebi da samuSao Sexvedrebi. daswreba am SemTxvevaSic Tavisufalia.

Cvenebebi kinoTeatr “amiransa” da “kinos saxlSi” gaimarTeba da nebismier adamians eqneba saSualeba, kinos erTkvirian “kulturul eqspansiaSi” CaerTos. masala momzadebulia “Tbilisis saerTaSoriso kinofestivalis” oficialuri informaciis mixedviT.

salome CikvilaZe

moewoneboda fredis dRevandeli Bohemian Rhapsody?

1970-80-ianebSi msoflio Queen-is cieb-cxelbam moicva, 2018 wlis noemberSi ki legendarul bendze gadaRebulma biografiulma filmma kino- da melomanebi fexze daayena. saerTodac, mgonia, rom ar arsebobs adamini, romelsac Q Queen-is erTi hitisTvis mainc ar mousmenia, Tundac sadme, SemTxveviT. amitom, yvelas ainteresebs, Tu vin da rogor SeZlebs 2 saaTis xangrZlivobis filmiT gadmosces, rogor da ratom qmnida bendi naxevari saukunis ganmavlobaSi imas, rasac momaval Taobebs dautovebda memkvidreobad. interesis talRam, ra Tqma unda, mec gadamiara da verc ki gavaanalize, roca ukve kinoTeatrisken mivabijebdi. CemTvis gankuTvnil savarZelSi movkalaTdi, rogorc iqna, im momentisaTvis gamaRizianebeli reklamebis wyebac dasrulda da 60-ian wlebSi gadaveSvi. cota xanSi 60-ianebi 80-ianebad gadaiqca, da filmis dasrulebamde Live Aid 1985-sac daveswari. aRtaceba - ai, riT iyo gaJRenTili kinodarbazis atmosfero. Tumca, roca

filmi sruldeba, swrfadve giwevs darbazis, Semdeg ki Senobis datoveba. da swored maSin, Sinisken mimaval bilikze rom miabijeb, manqanebis xma yrud Cagesmis yurSi da civi haeri saxeze gelamuneba, nel-nela aanalizeb, rom is aRtaceba kostumebis dizaineris mier Sesrulebuli kargi samuSaoTi, msaxiobebis uzado gardasaxvisa da Queen-is ukvdavi musikiT iyo gamowveuli, realurad ki filmma daukmayofileblobis SegrZneba dagitova. mere gonebaSi Tavidan iwyeb filmis yurebas, rom „Secdomebi” aRmoaCno. saqme isaa, rom films CvenTvis axali araferi uTqvams. diax, Cven viciT, rom Q Queen-ma istoria Seqmna, viciT, rom Bohemian Rhapsody genialuri eqsperimentis Sedegia, rom LLive Aid-ze maTi gamosvla rokis istoriaSi erTerTi saukeTeso 20 wuTi iyo, viciT, rom fredi merkuri gei iyo, da isic viciT, rom Sidsi hqonda swored esaa, rac filmma SemogvTavaza - is, rac ukve viciT. magram Cven ar viciT ra iyo Queen-amde, ar viciT, ratom dawera merkurim „bohemiuri rafsodia,” ar viciT, ra xdeboda grandiozuli koncertebis miRma da ar viciT, rogori urTierToba hqondaT bendis wevrebs erTmaneTTan sinamdvileSi. isic ar viciT, rogor umklavdeboda merkuri Sidss, Tu ar CavTvliT ramdenime simReras, romelic man am Temaze dawera. esaa sul mcire CamonaTvali imisa, Tu ra unda SemoeTavazebina films. filmi Zalian zedapirulia da aklia kompleqsuroba. Queen-s Seadgendnen biWebi, romlebic swavlobdnen astrofizikas, stomatologias, dizainsa da eleqtronikas, sanam Queen-i gaxdebodnen, isini iyvnen braian mei, rojer teilori da jon dikoni. bendamde fredi merkuric ki ar arsebobda, is iyo faroh bulsara, romelic zanzibarSi daibada da londonSi mxolod 17 wlis asakSi Cavida. yvelaze mniSvnelovani swored isaa, rac bendis

Seqmnamde xdeboda, radgan swored imis gamo, rac manamde moswondaT, ufro metad ki ar moswondaT, gaxdnen isini Queen. filmSi ki es arc Cans da arc igrZnoba.

QQueen-i Queen-i ar iqneboda, rom ara maTi pompezuri Cacmis stili scenaze - films amas namdvilad ver davukargavT. rogorc ukve vTqvi, kostumebis dizanerma kargad imuSava, yvela kostumi erTi erTSi iyo SerCeuli. Tumca, Cacmis es pompezuri stili pirdapiraa dakavSirebul i merkuris pirovnebasTan, ufro ki mis seqsualobasTan. da, rogor gviCvenebs filmis amas? erT wamSi fredi meri ostins colobas sTxovs, meore wamSi ki geia. mere ki uceb wveulebas marTavs da vxedavT, rom bendis wevrebs, romlebic ukve daojaxebuli arian, TiTqos, yelSi amouvidaT merkuris homoseqsualoba. garda amisa, imaze arcaa yuradReba gamaxvilebuli, Tu ras niSnavda 1970-ianebSi geid yofna. fredis seqsualoba maTi ganuyofeli nawilia, filmSi ki erTmaneTisgan damoukidebel sagnebadaa warmodgenili. braian singers, filmis reJisors, rogorc Cans, daaviwyda, rom merku ri roklegendis garda, Cveulebrivi adamianic iyo. filmis yvelaze naTeli wertili remi maleki da fredi merkurid misi saocari gardasaxvaaa. gardasaxvaSi ar vgulisxmob mxolod ulvaSis mimagrebasa da wina kbilebis Casmas, aramed merkuris Sesrulebis im maneris zustad

reviu

asaxvas, romelic mxolod da mxolod misTvis iyo damaxasiaTebeli. Tu filmSi raime doziT Cans fredis Sinagani samyaro, es, isev da isev, malekis samsaxiobo xelovnebis damsaxurebaa. braian mei mas oskarsac ki uwinaswarmetyvelebs. filmis meore naTeli wertili musika. Tumca, didad arc esaa filmis Semqmnelebis damsaxureba. „bohemiur rafsodiaSi” mxolod QQueen-is simRerebia gamoyenebuli. reJisori ecada, musikis weris procesi aesaxa, Tumca es scenebic zedapirulia. magaliTad, erTerTi scena, rodesac mei fexs orjer daabakunebs da uecrad We Will Rock You-s ritms miiRebs, Semdeg ki dagvianebuli fredi Semodis studiaSi, romelsac eubneba: „minda xalxs iseTi simRera mivce, romelsac TviTon Seasrulebs.” reJisori arc imas gviCvenebs, ramdennairi „fexis bakuni” da „taSis kvra” mosinja meim, sanam zustad im ritms miagnebda, dedamiwis yvela kuTxe-kunWulSi rom ician dRes, da arc imas, Tu ratom gauCnda meis survili iseTi simRera daewera, romelsac xalxi Tavad Seasrulebda. moewoneboda Tu ara fredis dRevandeli „bohemiuri rafsodia”, amas namdvilad ver getyviT, TqveniT gansajeT. erTi ram cxadia - filmi mayurebels imas ver sTavazobs, risTvisac xalxi bileTebs yidulobs da kinoTeatrSi midis.

megi nefariZe

15

kulturis panorama

nikala - erovnuli identobis sadarajoze

saqarTvelo patara qveyanaa. rogorc aq mcxovrebni xSirad vambobT, am mcire teritorias, mravalferovan bunebasTan erTad, Zalian bevri saintereso da TviTnabadi niWiT dajildoebuli pirovneba amSvenebs.

Cven gviyvars adamianebi, romlebsac samSoblos saxeli msoflio masStabebze gaaqvT. isini amiT TiTqos qarTul kulturas axal sicocxles sZenen. nikala - niko firosmani, adamiani, romelmac sakuTari arsebobiT garkveuli idea Camoayaliba da dagvafiqra realurad faseul Rirebulebebze. cudi mosasmenia, magram faqtia, rom swored es pirovneba da, SeiZleba iTqvas, saqarTvelos istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze didi mxatvari, martoobasa da ukidures siRaribeSi, duqnis kibis qveS mdebare sardafSi, daSorda aqaur cxovrebas. firosmanis saflavic ki ucnobia, misi arsebobis kvali mxolod naxatebma da Zvelma Tbilisurma quCebma Semoinaxa. daJangebul abrebze vadagasuli saRebaviT Seqmnili namuSevrebi axla, XXI saukuneSi, saqarTvelosa da ucxouri qveynebis muzeumebs amSvenebs. munki, Sagali,

recenzia

pikaso, mone, firosmani - ase gamoiyureba avstriis dedaqalaq venaSi mdebare albertinas muzeumis galereis afiSa, romelic 2018 wlis 26 oqtombridan 2019 wlis 27 ianvramde niko firosmanis naxatebs maspinZlobs. venaSi firosmanaSvilis gardacvalebis 100 wlisTavisaTvis saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis koleqciidan qarTveli mxatvris 29 namuSevari Caitanes. ,,da mainc, msgavsi pativiscema mocemulobas ver cvlis, realoba faqtad rCeba, rom niko firosmanma ukidures siRaribeSi, daufasebeli niWiT, datova aqauroba. SesaZloa, msgavsi masStabis pirovnebebs arc sWirdebaT sxvisi Sefaseba sakuTar SesaZleblobebSi dasarwmuneblad, magram albaT Tavad qarTvel mosaxleobas gvakisria movaleoba davafasoT msgavsi mocemulobis xelovani, radgan, rogorc grigol robaqiZe ityoda - xedav firosmans da gjera saqarTvelo’’, - ambobs, mxatvari gogi aleqsi-mesxiSvili.

2018 wlis 3 noembers niko firosmanis cnobili naxati ,,qarTveli qali leCaqiT’’ sotbis auqcionzec gamoCnda. naxatis fasi 500 000 - 700 000 funti sterlingia. xelovnebaTmcodneebs miaCniaT, rom namuSevris

gansxvavebul emociebs moicavs”, - ambobs xelovnebaTmcodne Tamara amaSukeli. or zRvas Sua moqceuli saqarTvelo, romlis 20% ruseTis mieraa okupirebuli, yvelanairad cdilobs, msoflio masStabiT SeunarCunos sakuTar kulturas TviTmyofadoba da individualuroba. mxatvari, romlis Semoqmedebam xelovnebaSi mwvaved dasva qarTuli erovnuli formis Ziebis sakiTxi, axali Taobis qarTveli mxatvrebisTvis erTgvar idealad Camoyalibda. nikala, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom erTmniSvnelovnad erovnul niadagze aRmocenda. “me rom asi maneTi mainc mqonoda, karg tansacmelSi gamovewyobodi, oTaxs daviqiravebdi, maSin ki vxatavdi da vxatavdi”, - am ausrulebeli ocnebiT gardaicvala firosmani, aq ki sardafSi duqnis daJangebul abrebze daxatuli msoflio donis Sedevrebi dagvitova.

nina oTaraSvili

haruki murakami, “dens dens dens”

haruki murakamis romelime wignis wakiTxvis Semdeg misi samyarodan Tavis daRweva rTulia. mkiTxvelma ki ara, es Tavad avtormac ver SeZlo da swored amitom dawera rigiT meeqvse wigni, saxelad “dens dens dens”, romlis weris procesic, misi TqmiT, yvelaze ufro sasiamovno iyo. novela murakamis pirveli sami nawarmoebis, “virTxis trilogiis” erTgvari gagrZelebaa da oTxive wigns saerTo mTavari personaJi hyavs. “virTxis trilogiis“ gmirebi erTTavad CemSi rCebodnen. im sam wigns erTmaneTis miyolebiT vwerdi da mindoda, bolomde momeTxro yvelaferi, raTa, bolos da bolos, gavTavisuflebuliyavi misgan”, - ambobs Tavad avtori. haruki murakami iaponeli mweralia, romelic literaturis dargSi nobelis premiaze ukve ramdenjerme iyo wardgenili. murakami 14 novelis da mravali moTxrobis avtoria, romelTa umetesobac fiqciisa da siurrealizmis JanrebSia dawerili. marTalia, misi rigiT meeqvse wigni 1988 wels gamovida da inglisurad 1994-Si iTargmna, qarTul enaze sul cota xnis win, Tbilisis wignis dReebze ixila mzis sinaTle. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom “dens dens dens” murakamis erTgul mkiTxvels pirvelive SexedvisTanave gaabednierebs – wigni 561 gverdiania, rac avtomaturad niSnavs imas, rom kiTxvis siamovneba didxans gagrZeldeba. ucnobia, Tu ratom ar iTargmna qarTulad saTauri. SesaZloa, mTargmnelebma ifiqres, rom is inglisur enaze ufro dinamikuria, Tumca amis mizezi zustad aravis ganumartavs. wignSi saTaurs sakmaod didi datvirTva aqvs – Tu ratom, amas uSualod kiTxvisas gaigebT. rogorc ukve vaxsene, “dens dens dens” murakamis “virTxis trilogiis” erTgvari gagrZelebaa, Tumca winamorbedebi wakiTxulic rom ar gqondeT, wignis gageba mainc ar gagiWirdebaT. an, SeiZleba, gagiWirdeT - siurrealist murakamis xom uyvars CaxlarTuli istoriebi. pirveli ucnauri ram, rasac kiTxvisas gadaawydebiT, isaa, rom mTavar personaJs saxeli ar aqvs. murakami mis saxels arc trilogiaSi amJRavnebs, Tumca, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom gacnobisTvis es arcaa saWiro. avtori isedac imgvarad aRwers personaJs, rom masSi sakuTar Tavsac ki vxdedavT da vfiqrobT, rom “ui, aseTebi xom Cvenc varT”.

SeiZleba, raRac momentSi isic davijeroT, rom SesaZloa, personaJis msgavsad zebunebrivma Zalebma Cvenzec iqonios gavlena.

16

fiqsirebuli fasi, mis TviTRirebulebasTan SedarebiT dabalia. msoflioSi rigiT meoTxe yvelaze Zvelma britanulma auqcionma qarTvel xelovans ukve mesamed dauTmo adgili rusuli mxatvrobis seqciaSi. 2015-2016 wlebSic msgavs situaciaSi aRmoCnda, Tbilisur garemoSi, kibis qveS mdebare sardafSi, firosmanis mier Seqmnili namuSevari. ,,sotbis auqcionze qarTuli naxati pirvelad ar ifineba. samwuxarod, auqcions ar aqvs da arc arasdros hqonia qarTuli seqcia. Tavad sotbis auqcionis warmomadgenlebis ganmartebiT, aseTi seqcia ver Seiqmneba, radgan saqarTvelodan mxatvrebisa da xelovanebis raodenoba ar aZlevT amis saSualebas’’, - ganmartavs saqarTvelos ganaTlebis, mecnierebis, kulturisa da sportis ministris pirveli moadgile, mixeil giorgaZe. xelovnebaTmcodneebis TqmiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom firosmanis naxati sotbis auqcionis rusul seqciaSia warmodgenili, pozitiuria is garemoeba, rom is qarTvel mxatvrad aris moxseniebuli. 2015 welsac amave auqcionze gatanili nikalas namuSevrebi rusul seqciaSi iyo da mnaxveli mxatvris warmomavlobaze veranair informacias ver gebulobda. kulturis saministros aqtiuri TanamSromlobiT, 2016 wels, rodesac sotbis auqcionze nikalas naxati ,,Sveli wylis piras’’ da lado gudiaSvilis ramdenime namuSevari gamoifina, damTvalierebeli ukve orive mxatvris naxatebis instruqciaSi amoikiTxavda avtoris warmomavlobas. ,,ukve 2016 wlidan igegmeboda sotbis auqcionze firosmanisa da gudiaSvilis naxatebis aRmosavleTis qveynebis Tanamedrove xelovanebis seqciaSi Setanada, samwuxarod, es idea Zalian gaWianurda. vfiqrob, rom qarTveli mxatvrebi rusuli mxatvrobis seqciaSi ara mxolod imitom ar unda iyvnen, rom Cven sul sxva, damoukidebeli, qveyana varT, aramed imitomac, rom ubralod, firosmanisa da lado gudiaSvilis mxatvroba sruliad sxva esTetikisa da xedvis gamosaxulebaa, radikalurad

“dens dens dens” yofiTi, realisturi problemebisa da ucnauri movlenebis nazavia, rac murakamis tradiciuli stilia. wigni mogviTxrobs istorias 34 wlis kacze, romelmac cxovrebaSi yvela da yvelaferi dakarga, sakuTari katac ki. rogorc avtori, mogonebebisgan Tavis daRwevas mTavari personaJic cdilobs, procesSi ki xvdeba, rom es martivad ver gamouva. imis miuxedavad, rom personaJi samyarosganaa mowyvetili da am realobaSi sakuTar adgils ver poulobs, mis daxmarebas Zveli megobari, adamiani-cxvari cdilobs. diax, sworad waikiTxeT. cxvris tyavSi gaxveuli adamiani mas urCevs, rom icekvos, Semdeg ki yvelaferi naTeli gaxdeba: “icekve da ar gaCerde. icekve, sanam musika ukravs. icekve, raTa yvelam Sen giyuros”. mTavar personaJs ki sxva gza ar aqvs – asec unda moiqces da yvelaferi iqamde gaagrZelos, sanam sakuTar

Tavs i povis. murakamiseuli Cveuli mistika daaxloebiT wignis mease gverdze iwyeba, Tumca dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli Tavidanve xvdeba, rom “raRac ise ver aris”. kiTxvis procesSi TiTqmis SeuZlebelia imis winaswar gageba, Tu rogor ganviTardeba movlenebi, dasasrulis ganWvretaze xom saubaric zedmetia. metic – wignis bolos mkiTxveli elodeba – ai, axla gaixsneba kvanZi, ai axlao, magram bolo gverdamde danamdvilebiT ramis Tqma mainc SeuZlebelia. garda mistikisa, “dens dens dens” murakamisTvis uCveulo, politikur da sazogadoebriv Temebsac moicavs. kerZod, avtori saubrobs imaze, Tu rogoria Tanamedrove kapitalizmi. amis aRsawerad siuJetSi erT-erTi personaJi, gotanda Semohyavs. is cnobili msaxiobi da saxea, romelic ulevi samuSaos gamo cxovrebiT ver tkbeba. rCeba STabeWdileba, rom avtori personaJs gancdebze sakuTari gamocdilebidanac alaparakebs – SeuZlebelia, gamoigono aseTi cocxali emociebi. erTi sityviT, murakamim fantastikisa da socialuri Tematikis Sereva SeZlo, riTac erT-erTi yvelaze ucnauri da Rirebuli wigni Seqmna. rac Seexeba uSualod Targmans, qarTul enaze kiTxvis drosac ki igrZnoba “murakamis ena”. Tu avtoris sxva wignebs SevadarebT, stili igivea, Tumca “dens dens dens” ufro “Sinauruli” eniTaa dawerili. ai, iseTiT, dRiurSi werisas rom gamoiyenebda yoveli Cvengani. da bolos – wigni gansakuTrebiT imaTTvis iqneba saintereso, visac musika uyvars. aSkarad igrZnoba, rom mTavar personaJs musikisadmi gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba aqvs da misi cxovreba wignSi naxsnebi simRerebis TiToeuli notis gareSe warmoudgenelia. asevea Tavad avtoric. rogorc murakami erT-erT interviuSi ambobs, musika werisas Zalian exmareba da misi STagonebis erT-erTi wyaroa. erTi sityviT, Tu musika, katebi, ucnauri ambebi da, ubralod, yoveldRiuri istoriebi giyvarT, “dens dens dens” zedgamoWrilia TqvenTvis. ar gagikvirdeT, Tu wignis dasrulebisTanave “virTxis trilogiis” dawyeba mogindebaT. rogorc ukve vaxsene, murakamis romelime wignis wakiTxvis Semdeg misi samyarodan Tavis daRweva rTulia.

ekaterine janiaSvili

kulturis panorama

momavali kviris afiSa damRleli dRis Semdeg gantvirTva yvelas uyvars. zogierTisTvis dasveneba kinoSi an TeatrSi wasvlasTan asocirdeba. warmogidgenT im filmebsa da speqtaklebs, romelTa premierac am kviraSi igegmeba: 9 dekembers nodar dumbaZis saxelobis mozard mayurebelTa TeatrSi “patara ufliswulis” premieraa. dadgmaSi mTavar rols genialuri, yvela TaobisTvis sayvareli msaxiobi - kaxi kavsaZe asrulebs. mTavari reJisori ki misi Svili, irakli kavsaZea. speqtakli dafuZnebulia amave saxelwodebis moTxrobaze, romlis avtoric antuan de sent egziuperia. daTo turaSvilis “jinsebis Taoba” yvela asakis mkiTxvelisTis erT-erTi sayvareli wignia. 5 dekembers ki “Tavisufal TeatrSi” SesaZlebloba geqnebaT, ixiloT wignze dafuZnebuli ormoqmedebiani dadgma, romlis piesis avtoric da reJisoric Tavad daTo turaSvilia, kompozitori ki _ nikoloz raWveli. speqtaklSi Tqven 1984 wlis TviTmfrinavis gamtacebeli biWebis sul sxva mxares ixilavT. es kvira namdvilad sasixarulo iqneba “beWdebis mbrZaneblisa”

da “hobitis” moyvarulTaTvis. saqarTvelos kinoTeatrebSi am filmebis Semqmnelebi kidev erT axal mZafrsiuJetian fantastikas gvTavazoben. filmis saxeli “gamanadgurebeli qmnilebebia”. igi mogviTxrobs gogoze, romelsac deda 9 wlis asakSi Tvalwin moukles, TviTon ki Tavs gaqceviT uSvela. filmSi uxvadaa kompiuteruli “eqSenebi”, romlebic mas ufro sanaxaobrivs xdis. mis naxvas ki did ekranebze 6 dekembridan SeZlebT. zRaprebisa da saTavgadasavlo Janrebis moyvarulTaTvis kinoTeatrebSi kidev erTi axali filmis premiera igegmeba. “maknatunasa da oTxi samefos” xilvas did ekranebze 8 dekembridan SeZlebT. filmSi mTavar rols axalgazrda warmatebuli msaxiobi makenzi foi asrulebs, misi partniorebi ki yvelasaTvis sayvareli britaneli msaxiobi kira naiTli da genialuri amerikeli msaxiobi morgan frimeni arian. maTi nebismier rolSi gamoCena, films ukve did Rirebulebas matebs.

Cveni redaqcia sasiamovno da saintereso kviras gisurvebT.

elene lacabiZe

cxovrebis stilis panorama

tramvai #28 mogzaurobisas ubis wignaki yovelTvis CanTaSi midevs. SigniT yvelaze sasiamovno momentebs viwer da damerwmuneT, Tundac didi xnis mere, misi kiTxva erTi didi siamovnebaa. es Cveva portugaliaSi wasvlamde gamovimuSave, Sesabamisad, am qveyanaze yvelaze meti maqvs mosayoli. portugaliaSi konferenciis gamo movxvdi da qveynis daTvalierebis mizniT, vizitis gaxangrZliveba gadavwyvite. analogiurad moiqca saqarTvelos delegaciis ramdenime wevric. konferencia qalaq evoraSi gaimarTa. erTi Cveulebrivi qalaqia. ase rom ar iyos, sityva ‘’evoras’’ gafiqrebaze pirveli karamelizebuli qaTami ar gamaxsendeboda, adgilobriv restoranSi rom gavsinje. konferencia samdRiani iyo. dasrulebisTanave, danarCen qarTvelebTan erTad, lisabonisken daviZari. avtobusSi interneti daviWire da lisabonSi aucileblad gasakeTebeli moqmedebebis sia 15 wuTSi gavamzade.

28 nomer tramvaiSi Cajdoma ucnaurad CamrCa gonebaSi. lisabonisTvis sul 3 dRe gvqonda, amitom dro gonivrulad unda gamogveyenebina. sastumroSi misvlamde bargi sacavSi davtoveT da ulamazes qalaq ‘’sintrasken’’ gavemarTeT. rogorc wesi, yvelaferi fotoebSi ufro mimzidvelia xolme. mTlianad sintra da, masTan erTad, penas sasaxle iyo pirveli SemTxveva, rodesac nanaxma yvelanair molodins gadaaWarba. zRapris ti pis qalaqi aRmoCnda, cocxali ferebiT. qalaqi rom moviareT, kvlav lisabonSi davbrundiT, meore dRisTvis Sexvedris dro da adgili davTqviT da sastumroebisken gaveSureT. sastumros martivad mivageni. qalaqis centrSi mdebareobda. Tavidan oTaxi dalagebuli, komfortuli da sufTa iyo, 15 wuTis Semdeg - mxolod sufTa da komfortuli.

meore dRe mxolod RirsSesaniSnaobebis daTvalierebas davuTmeT. yvelaze STambeWdavi belemis cixe iyo, raRacnairi gankerZoebulobiT da damoukideblobiT danaxvisTanave miiqcia Cemi yuradReba. umetesi adgilis saxeli aRarc maxsovs, rame gamorCeuli rom yofiliyo, belemis msgavsad, aucileblad Semoinaxavda Cemi goneba. saRamos adgilobriv restorans vewvieT da portugaliuri samzareulo davagemovneT, romlis 90% zRvis produqtisgan Sedgeba. am dromde Cem mier gasinjul kerZebs Soris, qarTuli asortimenti kvlav ukonkurentoa. vaxSmis Semdeg isev Sexvedris dro davTqviT da daviSaleT, Tumca Ramis lisaboni iseTi mimzidveli iyo, sastumromde sakmaod gvian mivaRwie. momdevno dRec daiwyo. amJamad sawyis wertilad qalaqis CrdiloeTi mxare avirCieT. erTi SexedviT yvelaferi kargad midioda, yvelafris naxvas vaswrebdiT, qalaqic Zalian momwonda, Tumca, Sinaganad, mogzaurobisas Cveuli siamovnebis simZafres ver vgrZnobdi. qarTvelebi sul oTxni viyaviT, isini Cemze gacilebiT ufrosebi, Sesabamisad, interesebic gansxvavebuli gvqonda da sityva ‘’dasvenebis’’ aRqmac. magaliTad, yovelTvis Tavs varideb muzeumebis rigebSi dgomas. am bolo dros naklebad mizidavs, Tu rame unikaluri ar meguleba SigniT, Tan amiT drois da fulis ekonomia erTdroulad keTdeba. amasTan, yvelaze did siamovnebas marto mogzaurobisgan viReb. isRa damrCenoda, maTgan Tavis daZvrenis optimalur gzaze mefiqra, ase pirdapir Tqma-Tqveni nervebi

aRar maqvs da calke minda siaruli-meTqi, maincdamainc karg idead ar meCvena. lisabonSi aris msoflioSi yvelaze didi akvariumi, romlis naxvac pirvelive dRidan kategoriulad hqondaT gadawyvetili. me ki ar mainteresebs zRvis flora da fauna, Tan, gegmis Sesrulebis Sansic momeca. SevTanxmdiT, sanam isini akvariums moivlidnen, me iqve unda mebodiala da or saaTSi isev SesasvlelTan Sevxvedrodi maT. rogorc ki SenobaSi Sevidnen, avtobusSi avedi da kvlav qalaqis centrSi davbrundi. rukis arseboba daviviwye da quCidan quCamde umisamarTo wanwals movyevi. erT lamaz quCas meore mohyveboda, xetialSi ulamazes xeivanSi Cayolebul maRaziebs mivadeqi. ‘’SopingiT’’ guli rom vijere, patara kafeSi Sevedi wasaxemseblad, Tan, danarCenebs mivwere, viTom sastumroSi momiwia dabruneba da pirdapir meore dRes aeroportSi Sevxvdebodi. SeZenil nivTebs rom ar davemZimebine, uceb sasturoSi mivedi, davtove da wamierad axali marSrutic daigegma.radganac mzis Casvla axlovdeboda, qalaqis umaRlesi wertilisken daviZari, Tumca gzidan araerTxel gadavuxvie, iseTi gzebiT mivdiodi, sanavigacio sistema daibna da mec Tavi davanebe, koordinaciis unars ar vuCivi. ras vifiqrebdi, amasobaSi 24 km Tu mqonda gavlili, daRla odnavadac ar migrZnia. rogorc iqna, umaRles adgilas avedi, xalxmravlobaSi erTi adgilis mopoveba movaxerxe da emociebisgan ganadgurebuli Camovjeqi. vuyurebdi, rogor i pareboda bordosferi gavarvarebuli burTi qaTqaTa TeTri saxlebis ukan. procesi

blogi

rom dasrulda, gauazreblad avdeqi da ukan wamosvla davapire. pirvelive mosaxvevSi xalxis fusfusi SevniSne. adgilze misuls adgilobrivi gamofena-gayidva damxvda. mec meti ra mindoda, arcerTi rom ar gamomrCenoda, daxlebs davuyevi. uamravi paWa-puWa (dedaCemi ase afasebs Cems mier SeZenil wvrilman nivTebs) nivTi SeviZine. gza gadavkveTe, iqve, grZel rkinis skamze Camovjeqi da telefonSi adgilobriv restorans davuwye Zebna. borblis wrialma gamomafxizla, Tavi rom avwie, Cem win yviTeli, Zveli tramvai idga, nomrad 28. instiqturad avedi, sul boloSi gadavedi da did fanjarasTan davdeqi. tramvai ki auCqareblad dauyva daRmarTs. Nnacnobi quCebi ucxo quCebma Secvala. mec auRelveblad, moRimari saxiT gavyevi bolo gaCerebamde. qalaqis gareubnebs yovelTvis gansxvavebuli xibli aqvT. cota iqac vibodiale da ukan momaval tramvais kvlav centramde gamovyevi. amasobaSi 11 saaTi gaxda. meore dRes frena diliT gvqonda, bargi Casalagebeli mqonda, Tumca, sastumroSi dabrunebaze yvelaze naklebad vfiqrobdi. Ramis lisabonis xedis naxvis surviliT Sepyrobili imave aRmarTs avuyevi, naxevari manZili gavlili mqonda, roca borblis nacnobi Wriali gavigone, tramvaiSi auCqareblad avedi, amjerad adgilic Semxvda. kvlav im gadmosaxedTan mivedi. SuadRisgan gansxvavebiT, erTaderTi stumari me viyavi. SemaRlebul adgilze movTavsdi, araferze vfiqrobdi. CanTidan wignaki amoviRe da weras Sevudeqi.

lana Caduneli

17

cxovrebis stilis panorama

profaili

,,diax, Cavibareb!..”erTi bukinistis ambavi

marjaniSvilis metrosTan erTxel mainc Tu CagivliaT, aucileblad SeniSnavdiT bukinisturi wignebiT savse daxlebs da am daxlebze gamokrul warweras - “wignebi 2 larad”. am wignebis patroni Tengiz TaqTaqiSvilia.

72 wlis bukinisti ukve 24 welia, rac marjaniSvilis moedanze wignebs yidis da amiT ojaxs arCens. dRes mas TbilisSi wignis TiTqmis yvela moyvaruli icnobs, Tumca Zalian cotam icis misi istoriis Sesaxeb. istoria ki daiwyo ase.

2 wlis iyo, roca omidan dabrunebuli mama avadmyofobiT gardaecvala. 4 Svilis gazrda dedam marto iTava, daoblebuli biWis istoria ki quCaSi gagrZelda. 19 wlisam skola daamTavra da gadawyvita universitetSi Caebarebina. pirveli cda uSedego aRmoCnda, meore cdam gaamarTla da ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi filologiis fakultetze Cairicxa. satana anu Tavisufleba da monoba”, Cemi danazogiT gadavwyvite am wignis gamocema, davbeWde da zustad am adgilas, sadac axla vdgavar, davdgi magida, daviwye am wignebis gayidva; imdenad male gaiyida, rom xelaxla davbeWde, bolos, roca wignebi nel-nela Semomelia, viRac qali movida da miTxra, wignebs xom ar CaibarebTo, davfiqrdi da vupasuxe - diax, Cavibareb-meTqi, swored aqedan daiwyo yvelaferi, erT magidas meore miemata, meores mesame da a.S“, - ixsenebs Cveni mosaubre. bukinisti kidev ori wignis avtoria, erT-erTi maTgani - “vvargivarT Tu ara qarTvelebi” - dabeWda, meore wignis mkiTxvelisTvis miwodeba ki finansuri problemebis gamo ver SeZlo. sakuTari wignis gayidvam batoni Tengizi, rogorc Tavad ambobs, profesional bukinistad aqcia. 24 wlis win ver warmoidgenda, rom odesme am saqmiT dakavdeboda. droTa ganmavlobaSi saqmes SeeCvia, wignebis yidva-gayidvis wesebic daadgina da dRes, marjaniSvilis “Zalian uniWo viyavi, 19 wlisam metrosTan, yoveldRiurad 1000-ze Zlivs davamTavre skola. wera-kiTx- meti wigni gamoaqvs gasayidad. es va kargad ar vicodi, magram sur- misi ojaxisTvis Semosavlis erTavili gamiCnda, rom swavla gamegr- derTi wyaroa.

Zelebina, amitom damoukideblad wignis siyvaruli bavSvobidan daviwye mecadineoba, gavbede da uni- hqonda. rogorc Tavad ambobs, saversitetSi ganacxadi Sevitane, ma- kuTari biblioTeka unikaluri gram gramatika miWirda da CaviWeri. wignebiT aqvs dakompleqtebuli: meore welsac vimecadine da sab- “papaCemis mamas araCveulebrivi bibolood, universitetSi filologi- lioTeka hqonda, Tavad papaCemi oqsis fakultetze Caviricxe”, - miyveba fordis universitetSi swavlobda, batoni Tengizi. bebiaCemi ki eqimi iyo, swored maT universitetSi 6-wliani swavlis damitoves unikaluri wignebi. amas dasrulebis Semdeg, bavSvebs qar- dedaCemis wignebic miemata, mere ki Tul enasa da literaturaSi ameca- me daviwye Segroveba da dRemde vadinebda, paralelurad ki rusul groveb. Cemi biblioTekidan wignebs skolaSi qarTuli enis maswavleb- ar vyidi, ar minda romelime maTgani lad muSaobda: davkargo, radgan umetesoba maTgani “sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg, aRar iyideba”, - miyveba batoni Tenrusuli skolebis umetesoba daix- gizi. ura, maT Soris iyo 105-e skolac, samisi sayvareli wigni “saxarebaa”, dac vmuSaobdi, davrCi umuSevari. Semdeg “vefxistyaosani” da “daviwigni mqonda dawerili- „RmerTi da Tiani”. upiratesobas aRmosavlur

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poezias aniWebs, bevri leqsi zepirad icis da xSirad imeorebs, rom ar daaviwydes. wignebs mosaxleobisgan ibarebs.

Tanxas imis mixedviT ixdis, Tu ramdenad saintereso da unikaluria wigni, fassac aseve adgens. masTan i poviT wignebs, romlebic maRaziebSi Znelad iSoveba, batonma Tengizma ki zustad icis, romeli wigni sad devs, amitom misi Zebna ar dagWirdebaT. misTvis bukinistoba wignis siyvarulTan asocirdeba. miiCnevs, rom adamiani, romelic wignebis gayidvas mxolod komerciuli TvaliT uyurebs, verasdros gaxdeba namdvili bukinisti: “yofila SemTxveva, roca wignebi moutaniaT, fasze winaswar viyaviT SeTanxmebuliTiTo wignSi lari unda gadamexada, Tumca aRmomiCenia, rom wignebi gacilebiT meti Rirda, amitom mepatrone davakavSire adamianebTan, romlebsac msgavsi wignebi ainteresebdaT. ra Tqma unda, maT bevrad

meti gadauxades, vidre 1 laria”, ixsenebs bukinisti. rogorc Tavad ambobs, myidvelebis simcires ar uCivis, masTan yvela asakis mkiTxveli dadis, Tumca, umetesad xanSiSesulebi. bevri icnobs, amitom, roca wigni dasWirdebaT, mas akiTxaven: “mudmivi klientebic myavs, romlebic dRegamoSvebiT dadian, ZiriTadad xanSiSesulebi. myidvelebi mxatvrul da SemecnebiT literaturas aniWeben upiratesobas, samwuxarod, poezias zurgi Seaqcies. axalgazrdebic modian xolme, magram maTgan 90%-ze meti gogonebi arian”. baton Tengizs kargad esmis, rom interneti informaciis gacemisa da miRebis SesaniSnavi saSualebaa, Tumca eleqtronul biblioTekebs eWvisTvaliT uyurebs. miaCnia, rom bukinistikas gaqroba manam ar emuqreba, sanam namdvili mkiTxveli iarsebebs.

72 wlis bukinisti, wignebTan erTad, adamianur urTierTobebsac agrovebs, klientebs Zalian Tbilad epyroba da aRizianebs, roca uxeSad eqcevian, swored es aris yvelaze didi sirTule, romelsac wignis gayidvisas awydeba, Tumca msgavsi SemTxvevebis ricxvi cotaa. kiTxvaze, Tu ra Seicvala bukinistobis pirveli dRis Semdeg, mpasuxobs, rom ucxo adamianebis pativiscema da siyvaruli daimsaxura, rac Zalian axarebs. misi yvelaze didi survilia, rom momavalma Taobebma mSvidobian da gamTlianebul saqarTveloSi icxovron, romlis mosaxleobac imaze gacilebiT meti da ganaTlebuli iqneba, vidre dResaa.

Tengiz TaqTaqiSvilis msgavsad, TbilisSi uamravi bukinistia, romlebmac gansxvavebuli gza gaiares bukinistobamde. TiToeuli maTganis ambavi originaluria da mravlismTqmelia, iseve, rogorc batoni Tengizis.

xatia vardia

sportis panorama

laSa talaxaZe: miRweuliT arasdros vkmayofildebi olimpiuri TamaSebis salicenzio turnirebi iwyeba da iq ukve sruli gundiT viasparezebT. Zalian rTuli brZola hqonda rezi daviTaZes. 19 wlis asakSi msoflio Cempionatze mopovebuli brinajos medali udidesi warmatebaa. Tanac, man wels sami urTulesi saerTaSoriso turniri moiara, magram, amis miuxedavad, fsiqologiurad ar gatyda,sakuTar Tavs ajoba da brwyinvale Sedegi daafiqsira. aseve, irakli TurmaniZe, Zmebi CxeiZeebi da SoTa miSveliZe, romelic travmiT asparezobda da mainc mexuTe adgilze gavida.

interviu

daze miviRo monawiloeba da, sul mcire, samjer gavxde olimpiuri Cempioni.

- maSin, rodesac Cempionoba ukve garantirebuli gqondaT, gundis mTavar mwvrTnels, giorgi asaniZes uTxariT, rom 300 kg-sac awevdiT, magram, rogorc Cans, mTavarma mwvrTnelma ar gariska da ufro pragmatulad miudga saqmes. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, SegeZloT ukeTesi Sedegis dafiqsireba?

- ra Tqma unda, metisTvis viyavi mzad. erT-erT saukeTeso formaSi Sevxvdi msoflio Cempionats. Tam- msoflio Cempionatze Tqvengan amad SemeZlo gacilebiT maRal mxolod oqros medals elodnen da wonaze mivsuliyavi da amewia,magram, sxva Sedegi warumateblobad CaiT- mwvrTnelebis gadawyvetilebiT, vleboda. es garkveuli fsiqolo- 257 kg iyo mesame wona. ara mxgiuri wnexi xom ar iyo, Tu piriqiT, olod Cems woniT kategoriaSi, aramed, mTeli Sejibrebis gamoTvmsoflios uZlieresi mamakaci - minda aRvniSno, rom umaRles met motivacias gZendaT? lebiTac (sinkleri hqvia, aseTi gasaqarTvelodan - rios 2016 wlis doneze organizebuli turniri rac ufro didi dro gadis da moTvlebia, romliTac yvela dabal olimpiuri TamaSebis gamarjve- iyo. Zalian kargad umaspinZla met turnirs vigeb, ufro meti pawonasTan giwevs Widili) movi pove buli, samgzis msoflio Cempioni, aSxabadma. pirvelad vnaxe ase karsuxismgebloba mekisreba da vxgamarjveba, razec Sejibrebis bomsoflio rekordsmeni, 2017 wlis gad mowyobili olimpiuri sofevdebi, rom erTi patara, elementalos calke dagvajildoves. ase msoflios saukeTeso Zalosani - li, romelSic sportsmens Tavisi ruli Secdomis uflebac ar maqvs. rom, Tu damWirdeboda, mividodi da maqsimalurad es qarTveli sportsmenis, laSa SesaZleblobebis fsiqologiurad Zalian rTulia es iseT Sedegs davafiqsirebdi, rac, talaxaZis miRwevaTa arasruli gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba eZleva. yvelaferi, magram uflis wyalobiT jerjerobiT, arasdros auweviaT CamonaTvalia. ramdenime dRis win, TurqmeneTSi Cemi Casvlis erTayvelafers vlaxav. fsiqologiuri Zalosnebs.

TurqmeneTis dedaqalaq aSxabadSi derTi mizani oqros medlis mopganwyoba Zalian mniSvnelovania dasrulebul ZalosanTa msoflio oveba iyo da Zalian bednieri var, - mTavari mizani, ra Tqma unda, Cempionatze 109 kg woniT kategori- rom zedized mesamed SevZeli amis sportSi. tokios olimpiadaa da albaT meoaSi 25 wlis qarTvelma sportsmen- gakeTeba, magram miRweuliT arasamdeni warmatebis Semdeg, faqre olimpiur oqrosac gegmavT. ma 7 msoflio rekordi daamyara. dros vkmayofildebi da ar vapireb tobrivad, yvela rekordi moxseniT. orWidis jamSi 474 kilogrami da- gaCerebas.

Cndeba kiTxva - am kacma meti raRa - jer mTavari tokioSi wasasvZlia da zedized mesamed daeufla unda gaakeTos? rogori miznebi lelad licenziis mopovebaa. wina msoflio Cempionis tituls. Cven - mTlianad gundis gamosvlas rowlebTan SedarebiT, garTulebulia gaqvT samomavlod? laSas davukavSirdiT da mas aR- gor SeafasebdiT? sakmaod mcire olimpiuri TamaSebis licenziis niSnuli turnirisa da samomavlo asakis miuxedavad, biWebma kargi SeaReba, magram me yvelaze maRali sasamomavlo gegmebs rac Seexeba, gegmebis Sesaxeb vesaubreT. degi daafiqsires. sakmaod Sors viyurebi. minimum, 8-10 reitingo qulebi myavs da, praqtiku- laSa, upirveles yovlisa, gilo- mogexsenebaT, aSxabadSi sruli weli kidev vapireb sportSi aqti- lad, garantirebuli maqvs tokios cavT zedized mesamed mopovebul SemadgenlobiT ar viyaviT war- urad moRvaweobas da, ra Tqma unda, sagzuri. tokioSi mTavari mizani msoflio Cempionis tituls. Tqven- modgenili. ramdenime sportsmens kidev msurs turnirebis mogeba. Cempionobaa da, Tu SesaZlebloba gan sxva Sedegs arc velodiT. ro- travma awuxebda da kidev iyo mTavari survili da mizani ki Sem- momeca, msurs, rom Cempionoba axali gor SeafasebT aRniSnul turnirs? raRac mizezebi. momaval wels ukve degia - Zalian minda, sam olimpia- rekordebiT gavalamazo.

arnemSi erT-erT skvers guram kaSias saxeli mieniWa

arnemis vitesma guram kaSias kidev erTi saCuqari gaukeTa. 1 dekembers erediviziis mecamete turis Sexvedramde, romelSic vitesi emens maspinZlobda, stadionze Sekrebilma gulSematkivarma qarTvel fexburTels emociuri gacileba mouwyo. magram yvelaferi amiT ar dasrulebula. arnemSi, 67 heqtarze gaSenebul zonsbeekis parks dReidan guram kaSias saxeli mieniWa. guram kaSia arnemelTa rigebSi 2010 wels gadavida da am gundis maisuriT 292 matCi Caatara, riTic klubis istoriaSi Sevida- yvelaze meti Catarebuli matCi vitesis maisuriT.

qarTveli fexburTeli holandiur klubSi Tbilisis dinamodan gadavida. is maleve iqca gundis gamorCeul fexburTelad da liderad. ori sezonis Semdeg ki, kaSia gundis kapitanic gaxda. 2015 wlis agvistoSi, gurami erediviziis Tvis saukeTeso fexburTelad aRiares. qarTveli fexburTelisTvis yvelaze warmatebuli 2016-17 wlebis sezoni aRmoCnda, rodesac klubTan erTad niderlandebis Tasis mflobeli gaxda.

2018 wels, man arnemelTa rigebi datova da amjerad amerikul san xoseSi agrZelebs karieras.

toCinoSinma iokoZuna hakuho Camoitova 2018 weli qarTveli sekitori toCinoSinisTvis warmatebuli gamodga. mimdinare wels, qarTvelma goliaTma, moqmed rikiSebs Soris, yvelaze meti - 59 orTabrZola moigo da uaxloes mdevar monRol iokoZuna hakuhos sami gamarjvebiT gaaswro.

31 wlis qarTveli sekitorisTvis yvelaze warmatebuli ianvris hacu baSo gamodga, romelic 14:1-ze balansiT daasrula da imperatoris Tass daeufla. levani gaxda mesame evropeli, romelmac aRniSnuli jildo moigo da meore - vinc es tituli rigiTi maegaSiras rangSi moaxerxa. Semdeg iyo ivlisis nagoia baSo, romelzec toCinoSini 12 dRis Tavze daumarcxebeli iyo da,sumos cocxali legenda, imperatoris Tasis ormocdaerTgzis gamarjvebuli hakuhoc daamarca, magram Semdeg mZime travma miiRo da nagoia baSoze gamosvla meore adgilze daasrula, rac oZekis prestiJuli titulis misaRebad sakmarisi aRmoCnda. wlis daskvniT baSos levani travmiT Sexvda da Tavidanve gamoikveTa, rom mTavari mizani oZekobis SenarCuneba

iqneboda. fukuokaSi, kiuSu baSoze, toCinoSinma minimaluri kaCi-koSi (dadebiTi balansi) daafiqsira da momaval welsac oZekis sapatio wodebiT Sexvdeba. sabolood, toCinoSinma 2018 wels 531 konverti moi pova, rac, daaxloebiT, 231 000 $-s udris. aqedan TiTqmis naxevari , sumos tradiciis mixedviT, mis klubs gadaecema. Tavad levan gorgaZes ki, daaxloebiT, 120 000 $ ergo.

gverdi moamzada tato nikuraZem

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fotoreportaJi

erTi dRe navTluRis bazarSi meveles grZeli quCa, orive mxares betonis masiuri sabWoTa Senobebi... garemovaWreebi mimaniSneben, rom gza ar SemSlia. daniSnulebis gareSe darCenil, SuSebCamtvreul, gaSavebul SenobebiT SemosazRvrul sivrceSi vabijeb, sadac Tavs iyris xili, bostneuli, mwvanili, odnav moSorebiT yveli, cocxali Tevzi da axali xorci - es navTluRis bazaria. aq samuSao dRis meore naxevarSic myidvelebis naklebobas ar uCivian, Tumca vinc erTguli myidvelia is aq ukve iyo diliT adre, kaxeTidan Camosuli glexebisgan iyida soflis rZe, yveli, bostnis mwvanili, kvercxi da albaT axla ukve kerZic mzad aqvs. navTluRi Turquli sityvaa da im adgils niSnavs, sadac navTi moi poveba. marTalia, dRes aq navTs arc moi poveben da arc yidian, magram es adgili kaxeTidan Camosuli glexebisTvis dRemde pirvel savaWro adgilad rCeba. bazarSi qarTveli da azerbaijaneli gamyidvlebi erTmaneTis gverdigverd sxvadasxva produqts yidian. aq naxavT, mTeli dRe daxlTan mdgomi dedebi rogor cdiloben dro Svilebsac dauTmon, SegxvdebaT ojaxebi uxucesi warmomadgenliT - bebiiT dawyebuli, misi patara SviliSviliT damTavrebuli. adamianebi, romlebsac Semcvleli ar hyavT da iqve, daxlTan, fexze mdgomT uwevT waxemseba, raTa Zala moikribon.

Tavisufal dros kacebi karts da nards TamaSoben, qalebi moxuci gamyidvelisgan yavas yiduloben, bavSvebi telefoniT erTobian da iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneba, TiTqos Sromisa da dasvenebis dros yvelas Tavisi roli aqvs ganawilebuli. bazris kulturis gansakuTrebul xibls swored es adamianebi, gamyidvlebi qmnian. maTTan wlebis urTierToba gvakavSirebs, ician, romel dRes ra dros mivalT produqtis SesaZenad da Cvens wils

calke gvinaxaven. ician, ras vamzadebT yvelaze xSirad, romeli kerZi uyvarT gansakuTebiT Cvens ojaxSi. Cvenc viciT maTi ojaxis wevrebis ambebi da problemebi. aq yvelas saxeze emCneva sevda, daRla, gauTavebeli Sromis kvali, albaT amis bralia isic, rom zogierTi uars ambobs fotos gadaRebaze. “kartofils suli ar aqvs, rom giTxraT ar gadamiRoo, amitom nu iRebT” samagierod, aRmoCnda, rom azerbaijanelebs fotoebis gadaReba Zalian uyvarT: ,,modi gogo, modi, ai, amas gadauRe” ,,-fotoebs iReb ?

-diax -maSin mec gadamiRe.” ,,lamazad vCanvar?” ,,sad vnaxav am fotoebs Cemi Tavi rom movZebno?“ amasobaSi qarTvelebic gaxalisdnen da erTmaneTs exumrebian: ,,Sexede fotos giReben. saRamos saxlSi, rom mival televizorSi gnaxav”; ,,naxe rogori zarmacia, ras akeTebs gadauRe”; ,,eh aq ar aris mTavari gamyidveli Torem ganaxebdiT, naxe daxli carieli aqvs, ukve yvelaferi gayida.” kontrasts qmnis savaWro daxlebs Soris didi Savi ji piT Semosuli myidveli, romelmac mTeli gza daikava, didi, patara, movaWre da myidveli yvela Tvals ayolebs mas. yasbebTan gakrulia abra ,,axali xorci,” mis qvemoT ki xatebi da kalendari... cotaxanSi vamCnev mamas, romelsac cal xelSi ZaRli uWiravs, meoreSi patara Svili. didi urikebis Camomtareblebi mudmivad gzas iTxoven... bazars bolo myidvelic tovebs. movaWreebi ,,meore saxlis“ dalagebas iwyeben, produqts aiReben, navaWrs daiTvlian, Suqs Caaqroben da saxlSi wavlen. aqauroba dasufTavebis samsaxuris warmomadgenlebsa da mawanwala ZaRlebs rCebaT. dacarielebuli navTluRi iZinebs da meore dRes dilaadrian xelaxla daiwyebs problemebTan brZo-

salome CikvilaZe

redaqcia mTavari redaqtori mariam talaxaZe nomris redaqtori Tamar CxikvaZe teqnikuri redaqtori megi nefariZe damkabadoneblebi dea RirdalaZe magda cercvaZe misamarTi: ilia WavWavaZis gamz.8

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Jurnalistebi akaki alagardaSvili ana msxalaZe nina oTaraSvili ana melaSvili salome papava naTia giorgaZe ana mirianaSvili lana Caduneli mariam kepulaZe gvanca CxikvaZe mariam Ciqovani uCa papiaSvili qeTevan WeiSvili tato nikuraZe axali ambebis Jurnalisti merab papaSvili

fotokorespondenti salome CikvilaZe

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stilistebi ekaterine janiaSvili Tamar oniani xatia vardia koreqtorebi elene lacabiZe maria bedoSvili elene gogolaZe xelmZRvaneli asocirebuli profesori maia toraZe

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