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Nor Or Weekly Nor Or Publishing Association, Inc. 1901 N. Allen Ave., Altadena, CA 91001 U.S.A. 2nd Class: West Coast $75 2nd Class: East Coast $85 1st Class:West Coast, East Coast $120 Canada Air Mail: $130 All Other Countries Air Mail: $250 © 1922-2016 Nor Or Weekly Mail Postage Paid at Altadena, CA. & Additional office, USPS: 391-380 - ISSN: 0029-1161 POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Nor Or Publishing Association, Inc.

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Nor Or April 14, 2016, No. 15 _N.O. Blank 4/13/16 4:40 PM Page 5

Üáñ úñ !Ç"·ß#µÃÇ« 14 $åñÇÉ 2016

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Nor Or April 14, 2016, No. 15 _N.O. Blank 4/13/16 4:40 PM Page 6

Üáñ úñ !Ç"·ß#µÃÇ« 14 $åñÇÉ 2016

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Thursday, April 14, 2016 Vol. 94, # 15

A PUBLICATION OF ARMENIAN DEMOCRATIC LIBERAL PARTY, WESTERN DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF THE UNITED STATES

Ceasefire Was Reached When Armenian Forces Were Moving Forward

TRUTH HELD HOSTAGE Will Be Held In Pasadena On April 22

YEREVAN. – “It is not ruled out that the adversary [i.e. Azerbaijan] planned to carry out certain operations, but all their movements are under the supervision of our reconnaissance,” Movses Hakobyan, Deputy chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Armenia, said Tuesday on the air of a TV channel, according to Haykakan Zhamanak daily.

On Friday, April 22, USC Institute of Armenian Studies will host a book launch for TRUTH HELD HOSTAGE by Ambassador John Evans at 7pm at the Hilton Pasadena. Ambassador Evans will be present. Ambassador Evans, a member of the Institute's National Council, served as US ambassador to Armenia until 2005, when he lost his job for using the word Genocide to describe the Turkish government's policy of extermination of Armenians in 1915. This book is a chronicle of John Evans' experiences prior to and following his public

“In his interview given to Zhame newscast, Hakobyan admitted that the [recent] ceasefire [arrangement] in Moscow was reached at the request of Azerbaijan, [and at the time] when the Armenian [army] divisions [of Nagorno-Karabakh] were launching a counterattack and moving forward,” Haykakan Zhamanak wrote. !

Karabakh Army: Azerbaijan Used Mortars, Grenade Launchers And Drones At Night StepanakertTEPANAKERT. – The ceasefire agreement reached between the parties was primarily maintained along the Line of Contact between the Karabakh and Azerbaijani opposing forces, on late Monday night and early Tuesday morning. But cases of using weapons and mortars were recorded in some sectors. The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) Ministry of Defense informed Armenian News-NEWS.am that, in particular, the adversary fired at Armenian military

positions by way of mortars and grenade launchers, in a northeasterly (Martakert) and southeasterly (Hadrut) directions of the frontline. At night, the Azerbaijani side also used reconnaissance drones in the southern, eastern, and northern directions. Vanguard units of the NKR Defense Army, however, closely followed the adversary’s actions and took appropriate steps, when necessary. The situation is calm at the moment.

European Parliament Discussion On The Situation In Nagorno Karabakh Kicks Off European Parliament discussion on the situation in Nagorno Karabakh kicked off. As reported earlier, Situation in Nagorno-Karabakh was included in the agenda of the European Parliament session to kick off today. As the official website of the organization reported, Vice-President of the Commission/High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy is expected to make a statement. It is not clear yet whether any document is to be adopted at the session.

statement. The book is published by the Gomidas Institute, and Ara Sarafian, historian and president of the Gomidas Institute will also speak at the book launch. Salpi Ghazarian, the director of the USC Institute of Armenian Studies, says, “The USC Institute of Armenian Studies is honored to not only launch this book, but create a platform for meaningful discussion about ethics as it relates to governance.” Scholars and practitioners have welcomed the publication.

AGBU Western District To Host AGBU 110th Anniversary Celebration On May 1, AGBU Western District will celebrate the 110th anniversary of the founding of the organization. The event will be held at The Reef in Downtown Los Angeles, located at 1933 S. Broadway, Los Angeles, CA 90007. The evening will feature Ruben Vardanyan as the event’s marquee speaker. Throughout the evening there will be numerous noteworthy musical performances, as well as professional and amateur artists from all genres participating in a Mixed Art Exhibit. Mr. Vardanyan was elected to the AGBU Central Board of Directors in January 2016. He is the co-founder of the Initiatives for Development of Armenia (IDeA) Foundation, which has initiated numerous projects, including 100 LIVES along with the Aurora Prize, the Tatev Revival Project, UWC Dilijan College, Aid for the Children of Artsakh, and others. Artists who would like to participate in the Mixed Art Exhibit, may submit participation forms by April 18 for consideration. The forms and additional information may be found online: www.agbuwesterndistrict.org/110 Established in 1906, AGBU (www.agbu.org) is the world's largest non-profit Armenian organization. Headquartered in New York City, AGBU preserves and promotes the Armenian identity and heritage through educational, cultural and humanitarian programs, annually touching the lives of some 500,000 Armenians around the world. For more information about AGBU and its worldwide programs, please visit www.agbu.org.

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Preventing Deadly Violence In Nagorno-Karabakh By David L. Phillips and Van Krikorian Violent conflict erupted in NagornoKarabakh (NK) on April 2, killing hundreds. Azerbaijan violated a cease-fire that had been in place since 1994. The situation remains extremely volatile, despite a temporary truce. The United States and Russia must intensify their mediation. Negotiations should include representatives of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh. US law already calls for sanctions on Azerbaijan if it acts aggressively. The Obama administration should implement Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act, imposing economic and diplomatic sanctions on Azerbaijan to punish its aggression. Nagorno-Karabakh is a disputed territory in the South Caucasus. Joseph Stalin included it in Azerbaijan as part of a broader effort to undermine the national aspirations of minorities in the Soviet Union. The Nagorno-Karabakh population held a referendum in 1991, as the Soviet Union was disintegrating. Christian Armenians voted overwhelmingly for independence from Muslim Azerbaijan. In the ensuing conflict, over 20,000 people died and over 800,000 people were displaced. The war ended with a cease fire but no peace agreement. In 1989, the US Senate passed a resolution "[urging] Soviet President Gorbachev to restore order, reestablish unrestricted economic and supply routes to the people of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabagh, secure the physical safety of the people of [NK] from attack, and continue a dialogue with representatives of such region regarding a peaceful settlement of the dispute...." In 1992, President George H.W. Bush signed Section 907 into US law, which prohibits assistance to Azerbaijan if it engages in aggressive military actions against Armenia or Nagorno-Karabakh. Section 907 was an important deterrent, contributing to the cease fire. In 2008, then Senator Barack Obama endorsed a "lasting and durable settlement of the Nagorno Karabakh conflict that is agreeable to all parties, and based upon America's founding commitment to the principles of democracy and self-determination." Since the conflict began, every US Administration has been committed to a peaceful, negotiated solution. Starting in 1994, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe spearheaded efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict Nagorno-Karabakh. The OSCE Minsk Group is mandated to mediate. It is co-chaired by France, the Russian Federation, and the United States. Attempts by Azerbaijan to change mediators have been rebuffed. Tensions in this "frozen conflict" have increased in recent years. Escalating and well-documented cease fire violations occurred without consequence. Inaction by the international community encouraged Azerbaijan's coordinated assault. Azerbaijan recently spent $4 billion buying weapons from Russia. On April 2, Azerbaijan used its upgraded air and land weapons to attack on multiple fronts. Weapons included Smerch rocket systems, Grad missiles, Russian-made T-90 tanks, TOS-1A flamethrowers, modern helicopter gunships, as well as kamikaze drones. All told, over 40 Armenians were killed, including civilians. An ethnic Yezidi/Armenian citizen, was beheaded by Azeri troops. Over 200 Azeri soldiers died in the offensive. No territory was gained. Azerbaijan did not act on its own. Ac-

cording to eye-witness accounts, Turkish troops and equipment were involved in battles near the Iranian border. The Azerbaijani offensive was immediately endorsed by Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. "Nagorno-Karabakh will be returned to Azerbaijan." Erdogan added, "We will support Azerbaijan until the end." Turkey is already a protagonist in this conflict. It maintained a blockade of Armenia since 1992. Erdogan scuttled the 2009 protocols to open the border and have diplomatic relations with Armenia, which Turkish diplomats negotiated. Azerbaijan claims that Armenia instigated the recent conflict. However, Chatham House and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace maintain that Nagorno-Karabakh forces did not instigate attacks on Azeri positions. Armenians consistently proposed monitors and confidence building measures since 1994. Azerbaijan refused, calling for a military solution. Azerbaijan's Ministry of Defense initially took credit for initiating the offensive. Azerbaijan's President Ilham Aliyev relies on a combination of oil revenue, caviar diplomacy, and government crackdowns on fundamental freedoms to maintain power. In the face of the recent oil price crash, Azerbaijan's economy is in decline and its currency has plummeted. Azerbaijan's civil society continues to oppose the regime's incarceration of journalists and human rights advocates. Igniting a war with Armenia, even a short one, aims at distracting the Azeri people from the regime's abuses and economic insecurity. It is no secret that Armenia has a strategic military relationship with Russia. It faces an existential threat from Turkey, as well as Azerbaijani aggression. At the same time, Armenia maintains good relations with the United States and the European Union. Armenia actively participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace Program. A NATO official called Armenia's contribution to international security "very impressive." Armenia accepted more than 20,000 refugees from Syria. Nagorno-Karabakh is one of the most dangerous places in the world today. With Russia and Turkey at odds in Syria, a proxy fight may be escalating. The US has a national security interest in preventing an allout war, with regional implications. The US and Russia have worked together more assiduously on Syria. They should also intensify cooperation through the Minsk Group. Specifically, the OSCE should deploy monitors around NagornoKarabakh to deter future aggression. The Armenian side is willing. There is no military solution in Nagorno-Karabakh. The Minsk Group should rejoin its original configuration, including Nagorno-Karabakh representatives in negotiations. They should be a part of political talks, which affect the peace and security of their constituents. The US must not soft pedal Azerbaijan's aggression. Nor can Washington condone Turkey taking up arms against Armenians. As we observe yet another anniversary of the Armenian Genocide on April 24, the US needs a fact based, principled approach to prevent the escalation of deadly violence in Nagorno-Karabakh. Van Krikorian is the Co-Chairman of the Armenian Assembly of America. David L. Phillips is Director of the Program on Peacebuilding and Rights at Columbia University's Institute for the Study of Human Rights.

Armenian American Organizations Urge Obama Administration To Condemn Azerbaijan’s Aggression, Promote Peace in Karabakh Washington, DC – On April 8, 59 Armenian American organizations urged President Obama to “forcefully condemn Azerbaijan’s aggression” and called for the U.S. to lead the way for “peace and long-term regional stability” in the Nagorno Karabakh Republic. Below is the letter written by the Armenian American Community to President Obama:

Dear Mr. President: Armenian Americans from across our nation ask you, in light of the worst Azerbaijani attacks since the 1994 Nagorno Karabakh cease-fire, to forcefully condemn Azerbaijan’s aggression and – in light of Baku’s reckless initiation of hostilities only hours after meeting in Washington, DC with senior members of your Administration – call for principled American leadership for peace and long-term regional stability. In view of the renewed hostilities by Azerbaijan, which undermine our nation’s regional interests, and taking into consideration President Aliyev’s open threats to continue and further expand aggression against Nagorno Karabakh, we express our full support for the courageous efforts of the people and governments of Armenia and Nagorno Karabakh to protect their citizens and encourage the U.S. government to support the selfdefense of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic. We commend, as well, the formal recognition of the independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic by the U.S. states of California, Georgia, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. President Aliyev’s actions, which represent a direct challenge to U.S. leadership for a negotiated resolution and grave threat to the peace of the entire region, require a strong American response. In the interest of peace, we call upon you to immediately stop all military aid to Azerbaijan, and enforce Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act. We also encourage you to work with Armenia and the Nagorno Karabakh Republic on the deployment of gunfire locator and other monitoring systems on the Nagorno Karabakh side of the line-of-contact and the Armenian side of the Armenia-Azerbaijan border. Mr. President, in keeping with the humanitarian spirit of the American people, we urge you to immediately send emergency relief aid to Nagorno Karabakh, including medical equipment and other urgently-needed relief supplies. We are reminded, during this dark time, that it was the generosity of the American people, through the noble work of USAID, that helped rebuild Martakert and Martuni following Baku’s 1991-94 aggression, two of the same communities that have come under heavy Azerbaijani fire. In closing, we encourage you to send a multi-agency fact-finding mission – led by our Department of State – to thoroughly investigate serious reports of Azerbaijani war crimes and other violations of the Hague Convention, to look into allegations that Azerbaijan has engaged ISIS fighters, to evaluate the destruction inflicted by Azerbaijan’s aggression, and to assess the humanitarian relief and reconstruction needs of Nagorno Karabakh’s civilian population. Thank you for your attention to this matter.

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Ekmekcioglu to present new book about belonging in Post-Genocide Turkey Glendale, CA – Professor LERNA EKMEKCIOGLU of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology will present her new book, RECOVERING ARMENIA: The Limits of Belonging in Post-Genocide Turkey on TUESDAY, APRIL 19, 2016 at 7:30pm at ABRIL BOOKSTORE - 415 E. Broadway, Glendale, CA. Admission is free with reception to follow. Author and book will be introduced by NORA KAYSERYAN. RECOVERING ARMENIA offers the first in-depth study of the aftermath of the 1915 Armenian Genocide and the Armenians who remained in Turkey. Following World War I, as the victorious Allied powers occupied Ottoman territories, Armenian survivors returned to their hometowns optimistic that they might establish an independent Armenia. But Turkish resistance prevailed, and by 1923 the Allies withdrew, the Turkish Republic was established, and Armenians were left again to reconstruct their communities within a country that still considered them traitors. Lerna Ekmekcioglu investigates how Armenians recovered their identity within these drastically changing political conditions. She is Associate Professor of History and Women's Studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

ARMENIAN BAR ASSOCIATION 2016 SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM - APPLICATION EXTENDED TO MAY 1, 2016 The Armenian Bar Association is pleased to award scholarships to selected recipients who are or will be students at an accredited or approved law school seeking a law degree (such as a J.D. or an L.L.M.). Additional information regarding the Armenian Bar Association’s scholarship program is included with this application package. TO BE CONSIDERED FOR AN ARMENIAN BAR ASSOCIATION SCHOLARSHIP, YOU MUST: 1. At the time of submitting the scholarship application, be enrolled in or admitted to, if in the United States, an American Bar Association-accredited or state-accredited law school, or if in Armenia or another country, a law school approved by the Armenian Bar Association. If you do not know if your law school is an approved law school, please contact the Armenian Bar Association by e-mail (info@armenianbar.com) with your question. 2. Have strong academic potential as demonstrated by your academic performance (i.e., grades). 3. Complete and return by the application deadline the enclosed application package with all of the required information and documents. The application package must include the following: A. Completed application form; B. Personal essay (as required in the application form); C. Two letters of recommendation (from professors, school administrators, Armenian community leaders, or others in official capacities who have knowledge of your

academic performance and potential and/or your commitment to the Armenian community); D. Official grade transcripts from undergraduate college and law school (if you have completed at least one year of law school); and E. Proof of entrance or acceptance into, or continuation in, an approved law school. If you meet these requirements, the Armenian Bar Association Grants & Scholarship Committee will consider your application for an Armenian Bar Association Scholarship. If the Grants & Scholarship Committee selects you as a finalist, you may be contacted for a personal interview and you may be asked to provide more information or documents. Please note that failure to deliver any one of the required documents will automatically disqualify you from the scholarship program, and the Armenian Bar Association will not accept any submissions after the deadline indicated below. APPLICATION DEADLINE: MUST BE POSTMARKED BY MAY 1, 2016 OR IF EMAILED, MUST BE RECEIVED BY MIDNIGHT (U.S. PACIFIC STANDARD TIME) MAY 1, 2016 PLEASE RETURN THE APPLICATION AND ALL REQUIRED DOCUMENTS BY MAIL OR EMAIL TO: Armenian Bar Association Scholarship Program Grants & Scholarship Committee, P.O. Box 29111, Los Angeles, CA 90029 info@armenianbar.com

Turkish Intellectuals Who Have Recognized The Armenian Genocide

109 - Cemil Koçak By Hambersom Aghbashian Prof. Cemil Kocak (born in Izmir- Turkey in 1956) is a Turkish Political and Social Sciences professor. After completing his secondary education in Izmir , he earned his B.A. in Journalism, School of Communications, Ankara University, 1978; M.A. in Political Sciences, Ankara University, 1980; and Ph.D. in Public Administration and Political Sciences, Ankara University, 1986. He gained his early work experience at the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TÜB!TAK)*, 1984-1999; and worked as a Manager of the Department of Publications and member of the TÜBITAK Publications Commission, 1993-1999; University of Anatolia. His areas of interest are Turkish political history; Turkish foreign policy; historical writing and methodology. He became a professor in 2007 and currently he is a lecturer at Sabancı University , faculty of Arts and So-

cial Sciences, and is continuing his investigation regarding Turkey's recent political history. Prof. Cemil Kocak published many books including Rejim Krizi Cilt: 3 (2013), Tarihin Bu"ulu Aynası / Efsaneler Çökerken (2013), Geçmis Ayrintida Saklidir (2012), Iktidar Ve Demokratlar (2012) and many others. Also he has received many awards including Ara#tırma Ödülü – Türkiye Yazarlar Birli"i (2011), Sedat Simavi Foundation Social Sciences Award (1991), Afet !nan History Research Award **( 1990). On September 24-25, 2005, a conference entitled "Ottoman Armenians During the Decline of the Empire: Issues of Scientific Responsibility and Democracy" was held at Bilgi University in Istanbul after two previous attempts which were blocked by the Turkish government. The self-avowed goal of the conference was to call into question the official Turkish ac-

count of events. The participants discussed the plight of the Armenians in the final days of the Ottoman Empire, a politically correct way in Turkey of saying the Armenian Genocide. It was the first time this subject was ever discussed so openly in Turkey, other cases of implying wrongdoing by the Ottoman state towards the Armenians have been, and are being currently prosecuted. (Including the much publicized case of Orhan Pamuk). Discussing the mass killings of Armenians has long been taboo in Turkey, and scholars who use the word genocide can be prosecuted under a clause in the Turkish penal code on insulting the national character. Academics from Bilgi University, Bogaziçi, and Sabanci University, three of Turkey's leading higher-education institutions, organized the meeting, which they described as the first conference on the Armenian issue in Turkey not organized by

state authorities or governmentaffiliated historians. Dr. Cemil Kocak of Sabanci University was one of the organizers. (1) On December 2008, two hundred prominent Turkish intellectuals released an apology for the "great catastrophe of 1915". This was a clear reference to the Armenian Genocide, a term still too sensitive to use so openly. The signatories also announced a website related to this apology, and called on others to visit the site and sign the apology as well. The text of the apology stated, "My conscience does not accept the insensitivity showed to and the denial of the Great Catastrophe that the Ottoman Armenians were subjected to in 1915. I reject this injustice and for my share, I empathize with the feelings and pain of my Armenian brothers and sisters. I apologize to them." Prof. Cemil Kocak was one of the Turkish intellectuals who signed the apology.

* TÜBITAK : SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF TURKEY **Ay!e Afet "nan or Afetinan (29 November 1908 – June 8, 1985) was a Turkish historian and sociologist. She was one of the adopted daughters of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. 1- http://www.armeniapedia.org/ index.php?title=Conference:_Ottoman_Armenians_During_the_Decline_of_the_Empire

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