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Nor Or, January 19, 2017, No. 3 _N.O. Blank 1/18/17 8:10 PM Page 1

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Nor Or, January 19, 2017, No. 3 _N.O. Blank 1/18/17 8:10 PM Page 2

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NOR OR ENG. Jan 19:Layout 1 1/17/17 6:08 AM Page 1

Thursday, January 19, 2017 Vol. 95, #3

A PUBLICATION OF ARMENIAN DEMOCRATIC LIBERAL PARTY, WESTERN DISTRICT COMMITTEE OF THE UNITED STATES

Lavrov: Karabakh conflict is not Azerbaijan’s internal matter Settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is not abstract, and it is not the internal matter of Azerbaijan, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov stated at his 2016 year-end press conference on Tuesday. “For now, there is no consensus at the OSCE [i.e. the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe],” added Lavrov, according to TASS news agency of Russia. “There is an entire collection of decisions on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. “The requirement of releasing the occupied territories is maintained; but not by force in any way, but by determining the final status of Nagorno-Karabakh. “The pacific settlement of disputes is noted there [i.e. in the decisions, statements, and documents by the OSCE Minsk Group] without ambiguity.” The Russian FM added, however, that the bloody events, which occurred in the region in April 2016, cause deep distress.

Dashnaktsutyun and Khanumyan vote against constitutional reforms in Karabakh STEPANAKERT. - Deputies of ARF Dashnkatsutyun faction and Chairman of National Revival Party Hayk Khanumyan voted against the draft constitutional amendments in the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR/Karabakh), the latter told Armenian News – NEWS.am. The NKR National Assembly on Tuesday adopted the package of draft constitutional amendments with 20 votes in favor, 7 against and 1 abstaining. Dashnaktsutyun faction stood against the concentration of presidential power in Armenia as well, thus turning into one of the initiators of constitutional amendments in the country. Here the reforms were made in the direction of the parliamentary republic. On January 19, Karabakh President Bako Sahakyan will sign a decree on the constitutional referendum, which is slated for February 20. “Over this time we are planning to hold a counter-campaign along with the official campaign in favor of reforms,” Khanumyan stated. He earlier noted that the strengthening of presidential power in Karabakh is dangerous in terms of permanent regeneration. Armenia News - NEWS.am

HDP MP Garo Paylan was suspended from the Parliament for 3 days dysfunctional, nations collapse. This is the story of many centuries. In Turkey’s history, a similar situation can be observed. Whenever institutions get stronger, our country starts to find peace. Whenever dictatorships or military coups take hold, our country gets poorer.

Mr. Garo Paylan, an ethnically Armenian HDP MP for Istanbul, delivered a speech at the parliament during the talks on Constitutional amendments on 14 January 2017. In his speech Mr. Paylan stressed the importance of pluralism in the making of constitutions, citing examples from the late Ottoman period. Stating that chaos begins when pluralism at the parliament disappears, he said: “A period of 10 years of chaos started and during that period, between 1913-1923, we lost four peoples: Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians and Jews. They were deported amidst large-scale massacres and genocides.” Upon this sentence, AKP and MHP MPs verbally assaulted Mr. Paylan for using the word “genocide” and forced him to apologize. As the tension grew, AKP, MHP, and CHP MPs voted to suspend Mr. Paylan’s right to attend plenary session for 3 days. In order to fulfill their parliamentary mandates, MPs should have the right to express their ideas without any fear and intimidation. This suspension is in clear violation of freedom of expression that simultaneously delineates the limits of “acceptable” speech at the Turkish parliament. This antidemocratic practice also gives insight into the character of Constitutional amendments under debate and the presidential system that Erdo!an-AKP regime is so eager to establish. Please find below parts of Mr. Paylan's speech that resulted in his suspension. “Once we were 40 percent of the population, we are now as few as one in a thousand!” Whenever full authority is given to one single person and all institutions are made

Gagik Tsarukyan returns to Armenia politics YEREVAN. – Opposition Prosperous Armenia Party former leader, and businessman MP Gagik Tsarukyan, is returning to active politics; Tsarukyan informed about this in a statement. “I cannot be apathetic towards the fate of my people.We need to establish (…) necessary conditions for economic development and job creation. “The parliamentary elections of 2017 will be crucial for the future of Armenia. “I have a duty to perform before my people,” Tsarukyan’s statement reads, in particular.

“When your children and grand children will call you to account, you won’t be able to look them in the eyes.” We are passing through a historic period; we are making a big mistake. You are insisting on making this mistake. You won’t be able to account for our actions when your children call you to account: they will ask, “Dad, grandfather, did you vote for this contemptible constitutional amendment?” And you won’t be able to look at them in the eyes. Please, prevent this before it’s too late. We must draw lessons form history. Some would praise the Ottoman period while others would curse it. There was a system of nations during the Ottoman era. [There was] a state with a pluralistic structure, in the zeitgeist of that moment… Especially during the disintegration period, the dreams of freedom from Europe wrapped up Anatolia. The remaining subjects struggled for this. This pursuit spread the feeling that “there is need for a parliament in the Ottoman state.” And finally, the first parliament was constituted in 1876. “In the Ottoman Parliament, 40 percent of those who wrote the constitution were Christians.” 109 people wrote the first constitution; 69 among them were Muslims and 40 were Christians. The same proportion as the Ottoman population... Today, we are as few as one in a thousand. Back in those days, there was such an impressive pluralism and representation. Krikor Odyan is one of those who wrote the constitution. A pluralistic constitution; every person could find himself/herself in it. Abdülhamit became the Sultan on the back of the claim that he would establish this parliament, but a year later he used the Ottoman-Russian war as an excuse to abolish it. 30 years of despot-

ism followed. “Once we were 40 percent of the population, now we are as few as one in a thousand.” Every tyranny comes to an end. Those you value feel like they have won, but those you ignore either fall into silence or they revolt. Thus in 1908, the Second Constitutional Era came into play, a pluralist constitution was consolidated. Later, the junta led by Talat and Enven eviscerated this constitution, and as Mehmet Parsak said, the junta came to power claiming they were “establishing the Turk’s Constitution.” They disabled the parliament and plurality. A period of 10 years of chaos started and during that period, between 1913-1923, we lost four peoples: Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians and Jews. They were deported amidst large-scale massacres and genocides. I call it genocide, you can call it whatever you want. Once we were 40% of the population, now we are as few as one in a thousand. Doubtless, something terrible happened to us. I call it genocide, you can call it whatever you want. Let’s name it together and move on. The Armenian people know what happened to them. I know what happened to my ancestors, to my grandfather. I am one of the “leftovers of the sword” (“kılıç artı!ı”) as you call it, declared null and void, reduced to one in a thousand. Let’s draw lessons from the past and not develop calamities out of it. You name it and let’s confront it together.

Richard Hovannisian to present his new book on Armenians of Musa Dagh, Dort-Yol and Kessab Glendale, CA – DR. RICHARD G. HOVANNISIAN will present his latest volume in the Historic Armenian Cities and Provinces series, ARMENIAN COMMUNITIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN MEDITERRANEAN: Musa Dagh, Dort-Yol, Kessab on THURSDAY, JANUARY 26, 2017 at 7:30pm at ABRIL BOOKSTORE - 415 E. Broadway, Glendale, CA. Admission is free with reception to follow. Book will be introduced by DR. MINAS KOJAYAN. Armenian Communities of the Northeastern Mediterranean focuses primarily on Musa Dagh/Musaler, Dört-Yol/Chork-Marzban, and Kessab, with shorter excursions into Beylan, Antioch, the onetime Armenian villages of the Ruj valley, and several rather isolated existing villages near Latakia. In modern times, Musa Dagh, Dört-Yol, and Kessab have been the center of dramatic episodes in the history of the Armenian people. The heroic epics of self-defense might in themselves justify devoting an entire volume to an area far removed from the historic homelands and consisting of a number of relatively small enclaves. This collection of essays is intended to offer an appreciation of the these distinct communities in the Northeastern Mediterranean and the rugged, sturdy people who lived, and, at least in the case of Kessab and a single small village in Musa Dagh, continue to endure there.

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Üáñ úñ

Thursday« January 19, 2017

Armenian Educational Foundation to Host Oratorical Contest

Dr. Arshag Der Margosian !" #$#%#&#$'()#( Dr. Arshag Der Margosian was born in the village of Habousi in Kharpert (Turkey) in November 1872. His family had adopted the Armenian Evangelical faith and young Arshag was growing up in that milieu. In those days Yeprad (Euphrates) College – a top educational institution affiliated with Americans - had opened its doors to welcome Armenian students, who upon graduating would leave Kharpert to further their education and specialties overseas in their preferred branches of study. Arshag became one of those graduates, completing his college education, in 1894 at age 22. Like many of his contemporary young graduates he dedicates himself to the Armenian national liberation movement making him a target for persecution by the Sultan’s secret police in the days before the Hamidian massacres. There were a number of famous colleges and universities within the boundaries of the Ottoman Empire, including what was then known as the American College of Bayreuth (later the American University of Beirut (AUB), where Arshag choose to pursue his graduate courses in the field of Medicine. However, within a few months of his arrival in Bayreuth his persecutors learn of his whereabouts and follow him there. In imminent danger, Der Margosian makes his way to the Eastern shores of the United States of America, where other similarly situated Kharpertsi citizens had fled finding refuge from the oppression and persecution of the Ottoman Turks. Once in the United States, because of his knowledge of English, Der Margosian was able to adapt relatively quickly and easily to his new surrounds. He dedicates himself to working long hours to both earn a living and attending prestigious Yale University as a premed student. Thereafter, he attends Jefferson University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, receiving his medical degree. Following his admission into the medical profession, Der Margosian establishes his practice in

Providence, Rhode Island, in 1901, where he remained until his death, becoming the first Armenian physician in that State. His life partner becomes Haiganoush Pezeyan, the daughter of a prominent local Armenian family, and together they form a long lasting and fruitful union. In Providence, Der Margosian joined the ranks of the Hunchak Reformed Party, many of whose members had arrived in the Boston and Providence areas at the start of the 20th Century from London where their leader Mihran Svazlian had successfully developed the party’s political and organizational agenda. Within the Party, Der Margosian found ample satiety to his national credo and within a short time escalated into a leadership position becoming a primary figure in the organization. The 1903 assassinations of Reformed Hunchak Party leaders Mkho Shahen and Badveli Karekin Chitjian in the Caucusus created a formidable and intense situation among the party membership especially in the newly established immigration centers on the East Coast. Dr. Der Margosian becomes the principal neutralizer in this situation. In 1899 Boston, a daily publication named “Voice of the Nation”, which was considered to be the news spreading medium of the Reformed Hunchak Party, was already in circulation. Der Margosian zealously backs the paper and becomes involved in its distribution and advertising management throughout Armenian American circles. Other zealots like Dr. Hovannes Dzovigian from Boston and Dr. Movses Hovsepian from New York, who shared our doctor’s ideologies, soon joined him. This respected trio of Armenian Doctors, through planned work, was able to amalgamate the different political currents of the reformed Armenian Liberal (Azadagan) and Democratic (Ramgavar) parties. After the successful union of these two parties in 1921, Dr. Der Margosian continued his dynamic

national community duties, especially with the distribution of the “Baikar” daily newspaper. Diradour Dikidjan, Captain Jim Chankalian, Dikran Semsarian, Esq., and the former representative of the Ramgavars in the First Republic of Armenia, originally from the region of Van, Rev. Badveli Arsen Georguchian become Der Margosian’s political allies and coworkers. Throughout this time, Dr. Der Margosian continues his participation and involvement in the reorganization and revitalization of the newly established ADL (Ramgavar) and AGBU Chapters on the Eastern Coast of the US. After holding a number of different leadership positions within the community, Dr. Der Margosian becomes the Chairman of the Eastern US District of the Ramgavar Party, a position he hold for several years donating his time to this worthy cause, while his friend Captain Jim Chankalian had become the Chairman of AGBU’s very first Central Committee. In 1932, the first complete English language Armenian American weekly was born as a publication of the ADL under the leadership of Dr. Der Margosian. Like all of his projects, this too would be a cherished one. In 1933, the assassination of Archbishop Tourian created a tumultuous infuriation among the ADL East Coast leadership, including Dr. Der Margosian, an Evangelical Armenian. Der Margosian displays his leadership skills by pulling various groups in the community sworn to the Holy See of Etchmiadzin around the Armenian Apostolic Church, members of the ADL and the Knights of Vartan. Not one to rest, Der Margosian also becomes a major benefactor to the small yet active Armenian nucleus in Providence, with its compatriotic organizations, political parties, religious establishment, etc. Additionally, Dr. Der Margosian provides assistance to the many immigrants from his hometown of Kharpert even providing many with free medical services. Dr. Der Margosian played a

pivotal role in the fundraising of the “David of Sassoun” armored tanks that were donated by the Armenian American people to the US Army. In fact, he became one of main fundraisers. He was a fervent believer in the revival of Armenia after the victory of the Allied forces, especially since Turkey, an ally to Nazi Germany was defeated at the end of WWII. Soon after, Dr. Der Margosian helped raise the sum of $1million dollars toward the fruition of the emigration project of Armenians from the Diaspora to Homeland Armenia. Despite his relatively advanced age, as he had already retired from his medical practice, his sense of duty and obligation compelled him to participate as a delegate from the ADL Eastern District of the United States to the 8th General Assembly of ADL in Paris, France. His presence at the Assembly was key during the conference and his reconciliatory nature was a turning point in the Assembly’s adoption of new and revitalizing projects, including the relocation of the ADL Central Committee’s offices from Cairo (Egypt) and the party’s opening its doors to young bloods, who would become the future party leaders and nation builders. The Armenian community of Providence enjoyed Der Margosian’s dedicated medical care and wonderful personality for almost half a century. He remained well respected and venerated by all who knew him. He passed away at the age of 88 in January 1960. His funeral services were held at the Armenian Evangelical Church in Providence and his eulogy was given by his lawyer friend Dikran Semsarian.

PASADENA, Calif. - On February 4th 2017, AEF will host a public speaking contest, in both Armenian and English, at the historic American Legion building in Pasadena, California. The five Armenian high schools participating in this year’s contest include: A.G.B.U. Manoogian-Demirdjian School Holy Martyrs Ferrahian School Armenian Mesrobian School Rose & Alex Pilibos Armenian School A.G.B.U. Vatche & Tamar Manoukian School Each school will have one student representative for the Armenian contest and one for the English contest. AEF is honored to have the following two panels of distinguished judges for the contest: Judges for English Contest Vivian Ekchian (Superintendent, Northwest at Los Angeles Unified School District) Ardy Kassakhian (Glendale City Clerk) Sona Movsesian, (The Conan O’Brien Show) Judges for Armenian Contest Dr. Roubina Peroomian (Author, Professor and Community Activist) Osheen Keshishian (Owner/Editor in Chief of The Armenian Observer) Zareh Sinanyan (Glendale City Councilman) AEF’s goal with this event is to promote and teach public speaking to our Armenian youth, while encouraging students to learn advocacy skills. It is vital for all students to learn to speak with poise and confidence for any endeavor or future career path. We are grateful for the participation of the local Armenian schools and the judges and hope together with our students we can utilize these valuable public speaking skills to serve needs of our community. Time & Place: Saturday February 4th 2017 from 11:00 am – 1:00 pm Historic American Legion Hall 131 N. Marengo Avenue in Pasadena For more information about AEF, please contact the AEF office at 818-242-4154, visit aefweb.org, or email aef@aefweb.org

California State Assemblymember Laura Friedman Endorses Shant Sahakian for Glendale School Board District D Glendale, CA (January 12, 2017) – Shant Sahakian today announced that California State Assemblymember Laura Friedman has endorsed his campaign for Glendale School Board District D. “Shant Sahakian is an excellent choice for the Glendale School Board’s District D seat,” said Assemblymember Laura Friedman. “He is an accomplished entrepreneur and longtime community leader who has given back to our community for many years. He will bring a fresh vision to the District that will help prepare our students for the future. I am proud to endorse him for Glendale School Board District D.” Laura Friedman was recently elected to the California State Assembly in November of 2016. Friedman currently represents over 500,000 constituents from the 43rd State Assembly District, including the City of Glendale. Previously,

Laura served as a Councilmember and Former Mayor of the City of Glendale. She served on several boards in the Southern California area, including the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Independent Cities Association, and the Southern California Association of Governments Energy and Environment Committee. Friedman got her start in the entertainment industry as a producer, where she went on to work on several successful films and TV projects. “I am truly honored and humbled to have received the endorsement of State Assemblymember Laura Friedman,” said Shant Sahakian. “I look forward to working with our State Assemblymember on developing career pathways and financial literacy programs that will prepare our students for success in the real-world.” Friedman’s endorsement comes on the heels of en-

dorsements from State Senator Anthony Portantino, Glendale School Board Member & Past President Christine Walters, Former GUSD Board Member Sandy Russell, and Glendale Community College Board of Trustees Anita Quinonez Gabrielian, Armine Hacopian, Ann Ransford, Vahe Peroomian, and Tony Tartaglia.

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Üáñ úñ Thursday« January 19, 2017

Turkish Intellectuals Who Have Recognized The Armenian Genocide

146 - Ayse Onal By Hambersom Aghbashian Ay!e Önal (born in 1955) is a Turkish journalist and writer. A former editor in chief of Nokta. She worked as a psychological counselor at a juvenile prison in the early 1980s, but was fired for her leftist ideas. In 1984 she joined the weekly Nokta as a political reporter, and became its editor-in-chief. Önal was one of the first people to write about J"TEM*, for Dinç Bilgin's Ate! newspaper on 2 July 1994. She had learned about it from Veli Küçük after being introduced to him through MIT** spy and fellow journalist, Tuncay Güney. In 1994 Turkish Hizballah published a death threat against her, leading Önal to go into hiding in Cyprus for three months. She moved to London in 2000 and became foreign correspondent for Kanal 7, before moving to Ak!am and Show TV in 2003. Her best known book is (Honor Killing: Stories of Men Who Killed) which was published in Turkish and translated to other languages (2004 Turkish, 2008 English, 2013 Japanese ). From 1995 to 1997 she hosted a discussion show Minefield on Kanal 7, which brought together Jews, Armenians and Turks five days a week in a way not previously seen on Turkish television. The International Women's Media Foundation, which gave her a "Courage in Journalism" Award in 1996, said of her in 2008: "Onal has been a controversial journalist most of her life. She was on the hit list of both the revolutionary left and the Islamic radicals. Her early kudos came from reports on prison abuse of children, but she went on to cover the first Gulf War, the war in Bosnia and the evolving political situation of the Kurds. She rattled the Turkish government by many reports about corruption

and in the mid-1990s officials put her on a black list, which effectively barred her from employment in any media controlled by the government. That “embargo” against her was lifted right before she got the Courage Award but she was still seen as almost unemployable." According to "Reporters Without Boarder", July 3,3 2007, The trial of Hrant Dink's murderers was of historic importance, according to Reporters Without Borders. The press freedom organization said “This trial is of historic importance. It is now up to Turkey, which aspires to join the European Union, to reject violence and to choose to respect the rule of law.” Reporters Without Borders, the International Pen Club and the Association of Turkish Journalists asked to be granted civil party status in the trial but they were not given permission to attend the hearings. Only the Dink family, their lawyers and the representatives of Agos and Birgün, the two newspapers Dink worked for, were allowed to remain in the courtroom. Ayse Onal, as "Association of Turkish Journalists" representative was leaving the courtroom along with all the others who had to leave, she shouted: “We are the ones who are being murdered, we are Hrant Dink.” The judge replied: “I know, I am truly sorry, but it is the law.” (1) Amnesty International UK, in association with the Armenian Institute, English PEN and Index on Censorship organized a special event on February 28, 2008, to commemorate with a tribute to Hrant Dink and his work. The event was under the motto "For Hrant, For Justice and The ongoing struggle for freedom of expression in

Turkey": People were invited to participate in the event and see the premier screening of a 50-minute documentary by Nouritza Matossian of in-depth interviews with Hrant Dink, followed by a panel discussion with Matossian, writer and broadcaster Ayse Onal and Andrew Gardner, Amnesty International Turkey Researcher.(2) In December 2008, two hundred prominent Turkish intellectuals released an apology for the "great catastrophe of 1915". This was a clear reference to the Armenian Genocide, a term still too sensitive to use so openly. The signatories also announced a website related to this apology, and called on others to visit the site and sign the apology as well. This is the brief text of the apology: "My conscience does not accept the insensitivity showed to and the denial of the Great Catastrophe that the Ottoman Armenians were subjected to in 1915. I reject this injustice and for my share, I empathize with the feelings and pain of my Armenian brothers and sisters. I apologize to them." (3) Ayse Onal is one of the prominent Turkish intellectuals who signed it. (3)

J!TEM*: Jandarma !stihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele or Jandarma !stihbarat Te"kilatı (abbr. J!TEM or J!T; English: "Gendarmerie Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism" or "Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization") is the controversial wing and intelligence agency of the Turkish Gendarmerie. J!TEM was active in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict. After the Susurluk scandal, former prime ministers Bülent Ecevit and Mesut Yılmaz have confirmed the existence of J!TEM. According to Murat

Belge of Istanbul Bilgi University, who has reported that he was tortured in 1971 by its founder, Veli Küçük, J!TEM is an embodiment of the deep state. In other words, it is used by "the Establishment" to enforce alleged national interests. It is also said to be the military wing of Ergenekon, an underground Turkish nationalist organization. In 2008, long-maintained official denials of J!TEM's existence started collapsing in the courts, as ex-members of Turkey's "deep state" security apparatus testified to their participation in covert and illegal activities over the last few decades as part of the ongoing Ergenekon investigation. MIT**: The National Intelligence Organization is the governmental intelligence organization of Turkey. 1.https://rsf.org/en/news/hrant-dinkmurder-trial-opens-court-urged-show-itprotecting-no-one 2.http://setasarmenian.blogspot.com/2008/0 2/for-hrant-for-justice.html 3.http://www.armeniapedia.org/wiki/200_p rominent_Turks_apologize_for_great_catastrophe_of_1915

Richard G. H!"#$$%&%#$'& (#$ #$) *%+,%&-./&0 "!,/12& published in turkish Los Angeles. Two volumes, Armenian Van and Armenian Bitlis & Mush, have been released in Turkish translation by Aras Publishers in Istanbul. Both volumes, edited by Richard G. Hovannisian, are from the UCLA international conference series “Historic Armenian Cities and Provinces,” begun by Professor Hovannisian in 1997. The first conference focused on Armenian Van/Vaspurakan (first published in English by Mazda Publishers in 2000), followed in 1998 by the second conference on Armenian Baghesh/Bitlis and Taron/Mush (published in 2001). Aras Publishers plans to translate into Turkish all fourteen volumes in the UCLA series, the most recent of which was released in 2016 by Mazda Publishers under the title, Armenian Communities of the Northeastern Mediterranean: Musa Dagh—Dört-Yol—Kessab. Contributors to the Van and BitlisMush volumes discuss the political geography and dynastic history and culture of the two regions from antiquity to the twentieth century, their art and architecture, classical historians and colophons, interactions with foreign powers, tribulations under Ottoman rule, role in Armenian liberation movements, fate during the Armenian Genocide and self-defense in World War I, and their presence in modern literature. The two volumes were released to the public in Istanbul on November 9-10, 2016, during an international conference on Van sponsored by the Hrant Dink Foundation. During his keynote address, Professor Hovannisian reflected on growing up in the San Joaquin Valley of California among the immigrants and survivors from Van, Bitlis,

and Mush. He then assessed the multifaceted information and insights gained from the 70 oral history interviews that he and his students at UCLA conducted with natives of the city and numerous villages of the province of Van. Aras Publishers is currently translating the third volume in the UCLA series, Armenian Tsopk/Kharpert.

menian Studies (NAASR). On November 19, he spoke at the Kessab Educational Association’s annual “Perpoor” night hosted by Dr. & Mrs. George Apelian in Thousand Oaks.

Hovannisian on the Road Professor Hovannisian continued his active schedule in the fall of 2016. Arriving from Istanbul to Boston on November 12, he was honored, along with Professor Nina Garsoian, for his contributions as a pioneer of Armenian studies in the United States at the 60th anniversary gala of the National Association for the Advancement of Ar-

With daughter Ani Hovannisian Kevorkian, he was in Stockholm, Sweden on November 26-27 at the invitation of the Federation of Armenian Associations to present his most recent volume on the Northeastern Mediterranean communities, with short film segments by Ani. They then traveled to Oslo for an evening with the small but active Armenian Cultural Association of Norway. On December 8, Hovannisian spoke in Chicago under the auspices of the AGBU, Armenian Bar Association,

and Armenian International Women’s Association. Presentations continue in early 2017 with lectures at Abril Bookstore in Glendale, in cooperation with the ChorkMarzban (Dort-Yol) Compatriotic Union on January 26, Fresno State University on January 27, South Florida University and Sourp Hagop Church in Tampa, February 13-15, several presentations in Beirut and Cairo, February 23-March 4, and the Armenian Institute in London on March 18. Richard Hovannisian is Past Holder of the AEF Chair in Modern Armenian History at UCLA and currently an Adjunct Professor of History at the University of Southern California, working with the Shoah Foundation to ensure the proper transcription, translation and incorporation of the Armenian Genocide survivor interviews of the Armenian Film Foundation into the Shoah archives. He also serves as President’s Fellow at Chapman University in Orange, California, to participate in Armenian-related teaching and programs under the auspices of the Rodgers Center for Holocaust Education. !

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Üáñ úñ Thursday« January 19, 2017

Turkey: Linguist finds himself locked up for free speech By JOHN BUTLER Turkey Uncensored is an Index on Censorship project to publish a series of articles from censored Turkish writers, artists and translators.

Artist Seeroon Yeretzian awarded “Arshile Gorky” Medal Glendale, CA – Artist Seeroon Yeretzian was awarded the Arshile Gorky Medal by Armenia's Ministry of Diaspora on December 29, 2016 at a private ceremony held at Roslin Art Gallery. The medal was awarded by Diaspora Minister Hranush Hakobyan and was presented by Armella Shakaryan of the Consulate General of Armenia. The Arshile Gorky Medal recognizes achievement in the arts and significant contribution to the collaboration between Armenia and the Diaspora. As Shakaryan proclaimed, "Seeroon Yeretzian is an ardent representative of the Armenian people. The Ministry of Diaspora of the Republic of Armenia recognizes the new and significant contributions she has made in the tradition of Armenian Miniature Art." Seeroon Yeretzian, recently diagnosed with ALS, is an accomplished artist with diverse talents in painting, sculpture, and illustration. Seeroon received her Bachelor’s Degree in Fine Arts in 1985 from the OtisParsons Art Institute and School of Design. She has authored three books, her self titled art book, Seeroon Yeretzian, her book of poetry, Word Weaving & Black Seat Confessions, and her best-seller, Seeroon Darer: Armenian Ornate Initials. Recognized for reviving the art of prehistoric Armenian petroglyphs and medieval Armenian miniature art, her masterpieces include the elaborate Four Seasons and her 17 alphabets of different languages executed in the tradition and style of the Armenian ornate initials. Seeroon is also the founder of Roslin Art Gallery, established in 1995 in Glendale, one of the longest running Armenian art galleries in the Los Angeles area representing Armenian artists from around the world.

Fire breaks out at Germany embassy in Yerevan YEREVAN. – The Ministry of Emergency Situations of Armenia received information, on Saturday at 8:29am. Accordingly, there was smoke on the second floor of the Embassy of Germany in Yerevan, the capital city. An operative team as well as two fire and rescue squads were dispatched to the scene. The fire was put out at 8:49. It was found out that the wires of an electric heater and a picture on the wall in the German ambassador’s room were burned. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia representative at the Crisis Management Center was informed about this incident.

Well-known linguist Sevan Ni!anyan will not be eligible for parole in Turkey until 2024. Locked up in the overcrowded Turkish prison system, he has found his initial relatively short jail sentence for blasphemy getting ever longer as he has been subjected to a torrent of “spurious” lawsuits on minor building infringements related to a mathematics village he founded. Ni!anyan, who is 60, spoke exclusively to Index on Censorship. He said he was being kept in appalling conditions. Moved from prison to prison since being jailed in January 2014, he is now being held in Menemen Prison, a “massively overcrowded and brain- dead institution”. He added: “About two thirds of our inmates were recently moved elsewhere and the remainder pushed ever more tightly into overpopulated wards to make room for the thousands arrested in the aftermath of the coup attempt.” Ni!anyan is adamant that his time has not been wasted. He has been working on the third edition of his Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language, which presently stands at over 1500 pages" Ni!anyan’s ordeal started in 2012 when he wrote a blog post about free speech arguing for the right to criticise the Prophet Mohammed. Through notes passed out of his high security prison via his lawyer, Ni!anyan told Index what he believes happened next: “Mr Erdo"an, the then-prime minister, believes in micromanaging the country. He was evidently incensed. “I received a call from his office inquiring whether I stood by my, erm, ‘bold views’ and letting me know that there was much commotion ‘up here’ about the essay. The director of religious affairs, the top Islamic official of the land, emerged from a meeting with Erdo"an to denounce me as a ‘madman’ and ‘mentally deranged’ for insulting ‘our dearly beloved prophet’. “A top dog of the governing party, who

Linguist and newspaper columnist SEVAN NI!ANYAN has found himself locked up for 16 years after being subjected to a torrent of lawsuits. Researcher JOHN BUTLER

later became justice minister, went on air to assure us that throughout history, no ‘filthy attempt to besmirch the name of our holy prophet’ has ever been left unpunished. Groups of so- called ‘concerned citizens’ brought complaints of blasphemy against me in almost every one of our 81 provinces. Several indictments were made, and eventually I was convicted for a year and three months for ‘injuring the religious sensibilities of the public’.” But what happened afterwards was even more sinister. He found himself, while in prison, facing eleven lawsuits relating to a village he was building with the mathematician and philanthropist Ali Nesin. Ni!anyan has been involved for many years in a project to reconstruct in traditional style the village of #irince, near Ephesus, on Turkey’s Western seaboard. It is now a heritage site and popular tourist destination. And nearby, he and Nesin have built a mathematics village which offers courses to mathematicians from all over Turkey and operates as a retreat for maths departments in other countries. They hope it will be the beginnings of a “free” university. Jailing a non-Muslim, an Armenian at that, for speaking rather mildly against Islamic sensibilities… would be a first in the

history of the Republic" It was this project the Turkish authorities decided to focus on. Ni!anyan was given two years for building a one-room cottage in his garden without the correct licence, then two additional years for the same cottage. Nine more convictions for infringements of the building code followed, taking his total term up to 16 years and 7 months. He, and many others, are convinced that this is a political case, because jail time for building code infringements is almost unheard of in Turkey. He believes the authorities have prosecuted him for these crimes because they do not want his case to cause an international stir. “Jailing a non-Muslim, an Armenian at that, for speaking rather mildly against Islamic sensibilities… would be a first in the history of the Republic,” he told Index. “It might raise eye- brows both here and abroad.” Despite everything, Ni!anyan is adamant that his time has not been wasted. He has been working on the third edition of his Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language, which presently stands at over 1500 pages. On entering prison, he signed away most of his property, including the copyright to his books, to the Nesin Foundation which runs the mathematics village he is so passionate about. Today the village has added a school of theatre. A philosophy village is the next project in the works. “The idea is, of course, to develop all this into a sort of free and independent university,” he said. “I am sure the young people who have come together in #irince for this quirky little utopia will have the energy and determination to go on in my absence.” John Butler is a pseudonym This article is from the winter 2016 issue of Index on Censorship magazine. indexoncensorship.org

Celebrity Diplomacy: Redefining Armenia’s Role in the Diaspora The USC Institute of Armenian Studies will host a public program entitled Celebrity Diplomacy – Redefining Armenia’s Role in the Diaspora, to be held at USC’s Bovard Auditorium on Sunday afternoon, January 29, 2017, from 1 to 3:30 pm. Five celebrities and an equal number of political scientists will be on stage to speak about how elections and governance become responsive to a society’s needs, and the role of diasporas. “The idea originated when several notable artists and other public intellectuals initiated a change.org petition entitled ‘Justice within Armenia,’ which calls for open and fair governance, and open and transparent elections in Armenia,” explained Salpi Ghazarian, director of the Institute. “We thought there is so much here that we need to understand, including how other diasporas interact with the homeland, how electoral politics become credible and trustworthy, the role of public figures in public discourse.” The petition’s initial signatories were Vahe Berberian, Atom Egoyan, Arsinée Khanjian, Eric Nazarian, Serj Tankian. They will all participate in the program, together with social and political scientists who will speak about electoral politics in Canada, Georgia and Mexico – three recent examples of interesting electoral developments. Armenia will hold parliamentary elections on April 2, 2017. For the first time since constitutional changes adopted a year ago, the newly elected parliament will subsequently choose the prime minister who will hold the country’s most powerful office, more powerful than that of the president. This makes the April election even more consequential. Ghazarian said, “This election and this petition come at a time when many countries in the world are grappling with the challenge of responsive politics, so we are taking advantage of our position in a major university to place Armenia’s challenges in the context of elections in various places in the

world.” Additionally, this is the first time that individuals of international renown have risked voicing public concern about Armenia’s domestic issues. “These celebrities are passionate about the need to engage, so that, as their petition says: ‘Armenia can become a country of opportunity, creativity, democracy and hope in a region rife with turmoil. The alternative is unthinkable.’ Celebrity diplomacy is an aspect of public diplomacy around the world. And this is its initial appearance in the Armenian world. Their engagement also presents an opportunity to better understand the modalities of deeper Diaspora engagement and investment in a homeland’s future. The petition initiators and civic leaders in Armenia believe that a large civic movement is necessary to ‘own’ the election process, monitor the vote, and impose fair selection of a parliament. Speaking about this challenge, by skype, Attorney Vahe Grigoryan and Political Scientist Irina Ghaplanyan will also be joining the discussion, together with Professor Anna Ohanyan of Stonehill College, in Massachusetts. The program’s moderator is Professor Robert English, until recently head of the USC School of International Relations. Professor English specializes in the history and politics of contemporary East Europe and Russia. THE USC INSTITUTE OF ARMENIAN STUDIES is committed to supporting scholarship that address national challenges. The USC Institute of Armenian studies supports exploration and study of the complex issues that make up the contemporary Armenian experience. The Institute’s programming focuses on research and public forums that probe the social, economic, and political challenges facing Armenians in the Diaspora and the Republic of Armenia, and examine post-Genocide life, memories, relations, and institutions.

Nor Or, January 19, 2017, No. 3 _N.O. Blank 1/18/17 8:10 PM Page 7

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