Punto

PUNTO

MSc. Urb. MaR Diana García Cejudo

Mtro. Arq. Psj. Rodrigo Pantoja Calderón

Viviana Margarita Barquero Díaz Barriga, Ph.D

Arq. Mendoza Hernández

Arq. Andrea María Parga Vazquez

Ing. Miguel Anaya Díaz

Arq. Roberto David Cevada González

Work by

Alesia Armas Sámano

Diego Ramírez Cabral

Valeria Márquez Castro

38 ----------------- TRANSPORT ENERGY 54 ----------------- CO2 EMBEDDED INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT

84 ----------------- ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTION IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

112 ----------------- ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENBEDDED ENERGY IN THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

150 ---------------- REPLICABILITY 153 ---------------- ANNEXES

158 ---------------- BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANALYSIS

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change in energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

OWN AUTHORSHIP MAP, (SINCE, 2020),(RNF,2023)

SCALE 1 : 350,000

PANTACO

PROJECT

LOCATION

19°29’23”N

99°09’19”W

The project is located within the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico, next to the country’s most important inland customs station, the PANTACO station. PUNTO is located within a post-industrial area absorbed by the growth of the urban sprawl, this place is known as Zona Industrial Vallejo.

The location and post-industrial nature of the ZIV endows it with a series of unique contextual characteristics, resembling an industrial desert within an urban forest.

THE CAPITAL GENERATED BY COMPANIES LOCATED WITHIN THE ZIV REPRESENTS 4.7% OF THE NATIONAL MANUFACTURI NG GDP. (SDE, 2020)

WITHIN THE ZIV WE CAN FIND MORE THAN 1,500 DIFFERENT COMPANIES WHICH GENERATE AROUND 46,000 JOBS. (SDE, 2020)

THEN, WHY ONLY LESS THAN 5% OF THE PEOPLE WHO WORK AT ZIV LIVE INSIDE THE POLIGON?

IMAGES FROM: (TUDELA, E., 2024)

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY INDUSTRIAL DESERT?

ZONA INDUSTRIAL VALLEJO

We identify anthropocenic boundaries as scars in the urban fabric, like a fracture that obstructs and disarticulates life in society. The way we move (roads), the way we transport our products (train tracks), and the scale of our built environment, limits and fractures the physical space in which we develop. We identify ZIV as a nucleus disconnected from its immediate context, limited and restricted to only 4 accesses (only for cars), which increases travel distances and therefore the transport energy needed to enter and exit the polygon.

LIMITS AND OPENINGS

HOW DOES LIMITS MOLD THE WAY WE INTERACT WITH THE BUILT ENVIRNOMENT?

Own authorship

We perceive the world around us through comparisons. Imagine living in a context where you are the smallest element, where this very comparison of scales makes you feel alienated from the system. We identify that in ZIV, the scale is strongly disconnected from the user, with blocks that exceed a reasonable walkable distance, blank walls, and obstacles that make the space inaccessible to pedestrians. As a result, people tend to move exclusively by car, increasing energy expenditure in transportation.

SCALE AND ITS INTERACTION WITH THE USER

Let’s observe the dichotomy between the void and the built within ZIV. Among a sea of immense industrial structures, we find the street as the main void, always used by heavy transport, which de-prioritizes the user. The metro stations stand out as the only two public plazas within the area, functioning as “breathing” spaces.

The limited number and quality of these spaces restrict the possibilities for social dynamics to develop in the public space. In the same way, the already saturated built space (solid) concentrates an expenditure of embedded energy, leading us to question: Does the ZIV truly need more construction?

Own authorship

SCALE

Own authorship (DENUE, 2020)

The scarcity of amenities caused by the monofunctionality of the industrial area is what we refer to as an “industrial desert.”

This form of land uses planning, which homogenizes the urban fabric, leads to an exodus of people who live in the area to meet their basic needs, thereby decreasing their quality of life. Similarly, the distance to these basic services increases travel times, leading to higher energy expenditure on transportation.

Urban equipment and services near ZIV.

SCALE

Own authorship (DENUE, 2020)

Maria lives near the historic center of the municipality of Azcapotzalco, outside ZIV. She lives with her young daughter, whom she drops off at a kindergarten near her house so she can go to work. Maria has her own car and uses it on weekends to do shopping and take her daughter out after attending the Christian Baptist Church. Maria works at the Coca-Cola exporter within ZIV.

Julian is a resident of Huahutla de las Salinas within ZIV. On weekends, he enjoys going for walks with his family. Julian doesn’t own a car; however, he daily accompanies his daughter to secondary school using public transportation. On Sundays, he serves as a sacristan at the chapel in his neighborhood. Julian, like Maria, works at the CocaCola exporter in Industrial Vallejo.

38,000 2,000

PEOPLE LIKE MARIA, LIVE OUTSIDE ZIV, BUT WORK THERE EVERY DAY, THIS REPRESENTS:

456 T CO2 per week in transport carbon footprint

OR:

13,712 MWh per month

PEOPLE LIKE JULIÁN, LIVE AND WORK INSIDE ZIV, BUT HAVE TO LEAVE EVERY DAY,THIS REPRESENTS:

34 T CO2 per week in transport carbon footprint

OR:

268 MWh per month

THE EQUIVALENT TO POWER MORE THAN 50,000 HOMES

TRANSPORT ENERGY AND ITS RELATION TO ZIV.

WHAT IS THE ENERGETIC COST OF DE-HUMANIZATION?

THE EQUIVALENT TO POWER ALMOST 1,000 HOMES

WHAT IF WE INSERT LIFE INTO THE INDUSTRIAL DESERT?

WHERE ARE THE HUMANS?

VOID

EXISITING ELEMENTS

We can quickly recognize the almost absolute presence of industry , but we started to wonder if there was any empty space left. And most important of all, WHERE ARE HUMANS LEFTW?

KWh a month

Constructing comes with a lot of carbon production, and as mentioned, there are only a few spaces that aren´t built within Industrial Vallejo. In addition to this, industries still don´t have the tendency towards renewable energy, so how big is their impact and who is most affected by it?

In comparison, homes don´t have a big energetic impact, but in this specific system, they are the most impacted ones. Is it possible to make the energy transition fair and accesible?

3,600 KWh a month

HOUSING

POSTURE

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

he lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevents people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment for cooking.

WHAT IS COEXISTENCE

Peacefully inhabiting in the same place without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

THEORICAL FRAMEWORK

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

the lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevents people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment for cooking.

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions. But mostly its impact in the urbanization of society.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

DICOTOMY BETWEEN ORDER AND CAOS DRIVEN BY CARLOS MONSIVAIS “Los rituales del caos”

The fairest description of what happens, balances the apparent lack of meaning with the haughty imposition of limits.

Genuine enjoyment escapes control, it disbelieves in the blessings of consumption, and does not imagine behind each show the altars consecrated to order. Genuine enjoyment is the most tangible demonstration that despite everything, some chaos rituals can be a liberating force.

Crowds that are made and remade every minute, planned and unforeseen carnivals, the event as cultural and social wealth.

Underground economy overflows the sidewalks and makes the market the subsistence of the street.

TRANSPORT ENERGY

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS TRANSPORT ENERGY

The energy used to transfer through various modes of transportation, including cars, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. This energy comes mainly from fossil fuels

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

The lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevents people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment to cook.

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions. But most of all its impact in the urbanization of society.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

ACTUAL IMPACT IN TRANSPORT ENERGY

13980 MWH per month

Based on the identified pieces, a social, economic, and energetic corridor is proposed, connecting the two metro stops by linking voids and nodes as a system

Based on analysis, we identi ed certain elements that created a corridor along the two metro stops incentivating social, economic and energetic dynamics. All coming from a goal of reducing transportation energy.

This corridor is supported by a system of:

NORTE 45

NODES

VALLEJO

VOIDS

HOUSING

The main glue and producers of social activities and urban life.

LAS SALINAS

LAS SALINAS

BARRIO HUAUTLA

PUEBLO SAN ANDRÉS

SANTA CRUZ DE LAS SALINAS

DESTROYED WAREHOUSE

CONCESIONARIO DE AUTO

VOIDS

Spaces with hundreds of possibilities for new program and new ways to support it´s context.

POINT A

Suggesting the replication of the system from a macro to a micro scale to aliviate the overwhelming scale of industrial living; the following clusters with complementary programs have been identified.

POINT C

POINT B

TRANSPORT ENERGY GAINED

CO2 EMBEDDED INTO THE BUILT FOOTPRINT

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

The lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevents people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment to cook.

WHAT IS TRANSPORT ENERGY

The energy used to transfer through various modes of transportation, including cars, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. This energy comes mainly from fossil fuels

WHAT IS EMBEDED ENERGY

The total amount of energy required to produce, transport, and dispose of a product, covering all stages from the extraction of raw materials to their disposal or recycling.

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. Deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions, as well as the impact of urbanization on society.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

ACTUAL IMPACT IN TRANSPORT ENERGY

13980 MWH per month

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT

113,000 Ton CO2 Embeded

THE FOCUS OF THE PROJECT BETS TOWARDS THE REVALUATION AND POTENTIALIZATION OF VOIDS AS A GENERATOR OF SOCIAL, ECOSYSTEMIC DYNAMICS AND ENERGY RESPITE

From this perspective, a study was conducted on 70 different uses that Mexicans give to various types of voids. Based on this analysis, a catalog of potential optional and itinerant programs for the property was developed.

These are the parameters used for this analysis:

Space: Public amenities such as plazas or parks, roads and pedestrian infrastructure

Type of occupation: Readymade, infrastructure hack, just body, custom-made object

Temporality: One-time, occasional, recurrent, permanent

Permanence: Fixed, semi-fixed, mobile

Agent: Individual, collective Space elements Activity performed

It is capable of supporting vegetation and facilitating the development of new ecosystems within urban and industrial deserts. Additionally, it enhances thermal comfort and contributes to the mental and physical well-being of its users.

This empty space allows for the manifestation of chaos as a liberating force, accommodating the various social dynamics and interactions necessary for a rich urban life, both socially and humanly.

The underground economy and itinerant activities find the perfect conditions to thrive in a space open to interpretation and with few limitations on potential uses.

Ultimately, this approach results in greater overall wealth and reduced energy impact, contributing to the path toward decarbonization. Avoiding construction in the scarce free areas within the boundary, yields more benefits than imposing the implicit limitations of a structure.

CURRENT CONDITION OF METRO STOP

CURRENT CONDITION OF METRO STOP

CURRENT CONDITION OF METRO STOP

CHAPEL OF SAN ANDRÉS APÓSTOL

GRAVEYARD

HOUSING

HOUSING INDUSTRY

SUBWAY

HOUSING

COLTISH

INDUSTRY

CHURCH

GRAVEYARD

Reassessment of existing elements

Demolition of housing *go to chapter “Energy efficiency and embedded in the design and construction process“ for more details

Circulation along lines of desire, connects nearby potential elements.

The circulation divides the property. The different resulting parts are programmed in a diversified way.

The home is re-densified and acupuncturistic elements are added to enhance the voids.

RESULTING

COLECTIVE WORKSHOP

TENDEDERO

MACHINE ROOM

PARKING

SIDEWALKS

AGORA

The existing program within the property is maintained and reconsidered. What exceeds the limit of the property is left intact and is only connected with specific and spatial strategies.

GRAVEYARD

HOUSING

COMERCE

CHURCH

COLTISH

SUBWAY

The existing business maintains its current location and the housing is also densified in its original location within the property. The proposed program aims to complement the existing one to finally allow the manifestation of random social dynamics in the gaps.

PUBLIC PLAZA WORKSHOP AND CARE COLECTIVE LAUNDRY HOUSING DENSIFICATION

DIALOGUE AND RECREATION

ITINERANT AND OPTIONAL PROGRAM BASED ON CATALOG

PLAZA

SIDEWALK

SIDEWALK

ROADWAY

PARK

SIDEWALK

PARK

CIRCULATION FLOWS

The proposed program works from the flows that create the framework with the little urban life that already happens. Concentrating everything in the center of the square and creating random encounters. These flows and circulations are the first step to an ideal and healthy urban life.

DIFFERENT PAVEMENTS BIOSWALE

PEDESTRIAN CROSSING DISTANCE REDUCTION

SPEED REDUCER BY CURVE SIDEWALK AT STREET LEVEL

BOLLARDS

URBAN STRATEGIES

Urban natural flows require permanence, which housing provides as a cohesive element of society, ensuring 24-hour user presence. Housing fosters a greater sense of ownership and invites dynamics such as commerce, play, care, exchange, and community practices. Flows without permanence lead to wear and tear, while permanence without flow causes stagnation and deterioration. Our project seeks to achieve this balance.

Random encounters begin to bring life to the sidewalks, and the space, with its flows and permanence, enhancing the potential dynamics of the area.

CIRCULATION + PERMANENCE = URBAN AND PUBLIC LIFE

EMBEDED CO2 INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT GAINED

36000 Ton C02 Embeded

ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTION IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

The lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevents people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment to cook.

WHAT IS TRANSPORT ENERGY

The energy used to transfer through various modes of transportation, including cars, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. This energy comes mainly from fossil fuels

WHAT IS EMBEDED ENERGY

The total amount of energy required to produce, transport, and dispose of a product, covering all stages from the extraction of raw materials to their disposal or recycling.

ACTUAL IMPACT IN TRANSPORT ENERGY

13980 MWH per month

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT

113,000 Ton CO2 Embeded

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

5400 KWH per month

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions, as well as the impact of urbanization on society.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

LOW IMPACT DESIGN STRATEGIES

PUBLIC SPACE

ENERGY ECOSYSTEM

SELF- SUFFICIENCY

PEOPLE

ENERGY DISTRICT

ENERGY WATER ECOSYSTEM

PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

RAINWATER HARVESTING

GROUND VEGETATION

SOLAR INCIDENCE

GREY WATER TREATMENT

MEDICINAL VEGETATION

PHOTOVOLTAIC HARVEST

WATER PUMPING

CULINARY VEGETATION

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

WATER RUN OFF

AROMATIC VEGETATION

ENERGY STORAGE

ABSORPTION WELL

SHADE PROVIDER

POWER CONVERTER

ABSORPTION WELL

DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

RAINFALL

NATURAL INFILTRATION

AIR QUALITY

PUBLIC LIGHTING

WATER CONSUMPTION

CLIMATE REGULATION

PODOTACTILE ENERGY

PUBLIC DRAINAGE

WATER FILTRATION

METRO SYSTEM

WATER METER

POLLINATOR SERVICES

BRAKE FRICTION

WASTE WATER

CO2 CAPTURE

ENERGY METER

PUBLIC WATER NETWORK

The energy production system of the project is divided into three sections: photovoltaic generation in housing, metro braking, and production by piezoelectric plates. Starting with the housing project, the installation of a sawtooth roof with a 30-degree slope and openings to the north, provides us with 597m² of ideal roofing for the installation of solar panels, which are focused on meeting 100% of the users’ electrical needs. Similarly, an emergency energy storage system isolated from the grid connection is proposed to absorb fluctuations and sustain the building during potential blackouts

POWER CONVERTER

DISTRIBUTED GENERATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION PUBLIC LIGHTING PODOTACTILE

THE HOUSING PROYECT IS CAPBLE OF PRODUCING 100.2% OF THE ENERGY IT NEEDS.

Within the project, an adaptation of the metro braking system developed by Bulis, K. (2010) is proposed, which generates energy through the friction exerted by the metro when it stops; this energy is transmitted and stored. Similarly, the heavy pedestrian traffic through the station can be harnessed to generate energy through the stepping on a tactile paving plate (EF, 2023) ; this energy is transmitted and stored. Both sources of energy are proposed to be used for public space lighting and to supply energy to informal businesses.

The water system arises through the methodologies of Low Impact Design developed by (FJSA, 2010), dividing the intervention into soft and hard engineering strategies. The soft engineering strategies focus primarily on managing runoff water, which flows through the proposed plaza, following a planned topography to reach the lowerlevel areas (rain gardens and detention ponds) that filter and infiltrate rainwater. On the other hand, the hard engineering proposal includes 693 m² of rainwater harvesting, a storage capacity of 240 m³, and a greywater treatment system.

Collection of rainwater from the adjoining roof, which flows into a regulating reservoir and is treated for eventual use in the public space.

Rainwater harvesting from an adjacent roof

REGULATING RESERVOIR

WETLAND

RAINGARDEN

The vegetation is proposed in a stratified and diverse manner, which allows for the creation of an ecosystem resembling wild vegetation. The symbiosis generated is based on the nutrients each plant requires, complementing one another. Zoned in strategic points, it begins to create specific microclimates and provides comfortable urban resting spaces.

GROUND VEGETATION MEDICINAL VEGETATION CULINARY VEGETATION NATURAL INFILTRATION

ACACIA

ENCINO

SAUCE

PLUM

TEJOCOTE ASH

PEAR

WALNUT

CAPULIN

APPLE

PARADISE TREE

PALETTE

The vegetation proposal aims to integrate natural elements into the industrial desert, providing shelter and refuge for both animals and nearby residents. Edible, medicinal, and aromatic plants are proposed to offer seasonal food for people and sustenance for birds, rodents, and pollinating insects.

ARNICA ANIZ CALENDULA EPAZOTE VETCH LAVANDER

CEDAR

TEJOCOTE

ORANGE LIME GUAYABA BLACKBERRY

ROSEMARY

OREGANO

SABILA

THYME

SUNFLOWER

BOUGAINVILLEA

LEMON BALM

AVOCADO

MEMBRILLO

POMEGRANATE

ALFALFA

TULLE

LILLY

LINSEED

CLOVER

BARLEY

MUSTARD

BETIVER

BIG CROWN TREE

MEDIUM CROWN TREE

SMALL CROWN / BUSH HEDGE PLANTS

Changes in topography create a sense of mystery in the journey, while simultaneously allowing for different atmospheres in both the lower and upper areas, as well as in the location where the incline culminates.

The design of the people system is based on the methodology established by the Project for Public Spaces initiative. It is presented within the project by creating an ecosystem of situations where the end user can reach the appropriation and acceptance of the space. A space that contributes to community development and generates a sense of belonging among its users. The use of shade and vegetation as meeting spaces, open floor plans, scale downs, among many other strategies implemented in the project design, aims to link the building with its users and its users with their immediate context.

COMMUNITY PRACTICES LEISURE ACTIVITIES VISUAL APPEAL

CULTURE AND TRADITIONS

PHYSICAL EXERCISE

USER ENGAGEMENT

SOCIAL NETWORKS

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

HEALTH AND WELLNESS

INTERGENERATIONAL

The aim is to cultivate spaces that incentivize prolonged stay and engagement. Space activation stands as the ultimate objective of the architectural endeavor, thus our focus lies in crafting environments that offer refreshing atmospheres coupled with ample seating arrangements. For instance, envision an agora, designed to foster public discourse or host a variety of artistic and social activities, enveloped by lush vegetation that shields occupants from the sun’s rays.

EMBEDED ENERGY GAINED IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

100% SELF SUFFICIENT BUILDING

Reduction of 5400 KWH per month

Surplus of 10,702 KWH per month

ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND EMBEDDED IN THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

Tthe lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevent people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and a safe environment to cook.

PASIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES

Architectural and environmental design approaches that utilize natural elements to maximize comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability within buildings or spaces.

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS TRANSPORT ENERGY

The energy used to transfer through various modes of transportation, including cars, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. This energy comes mainly from fossil fuels.

WHAT IS EMBEDED ENERGY

The total amount of energy required to produce, transport, and dispose of a product, covering all stages from the extraction of raw materials to their disposal or recycling.

ACTUAL IMPACT IN TRANSPORT ENERGY

13980 MWH per month

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT

113,000 Ton CO2 Embeded

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

5400 KWH per month

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED ENERGY IN CONSTRUCTION

6041 KWH/KG on traditional constructive system

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions, as well as the impact of urbanization on society.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

CARE AND COLECTIVE SPACE

Collective: Environments facilitating social interaction, coexistence, and the collaboration among a group. Care: Places where activities related to care and social reproduction occur.

FORMAL STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE LIVING AND URBAN ATMOSPHERES

EXTEND UNBINDED SPACE

LOWER SCALE

DENSIFY

DEMOLITION

The decision of demolishing the existing elements comes from an intention of seeking a better quality of life, considering thatactually the housing locatedthereis informal, makingthispopulationvulnerabletothe elementsmetionedontheside. The current habitants will still have their home in the project and the remains of the demolition will be used in the agora.

STRUCTURE

Non-market housing & joined land ventures

ECONOMY

Sismic zone

Energy poverty

37% OF GLOBAL CO2 EMITIONS COMES FROM THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR (UNEP, 2024)

6,041 KWh/KG IS THE EMBEDED ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS (MUÑOZ, A., 2014).

12,345 KG OF CO2 EQ./M3 IS THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS (MUÑOZ, A., 2014) .

CAN WE DECARBONIZE WITH THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT?

ELABORATION COLLAGE

We live within a system sustained by an industrialized, artificial base, whose linear processes generate deterioration in the way we inhabit it. An unsustainable system whose practices are entirely governed by the market, thus generating

-45.7% OF NET WEIGHT/MASS REDUCTION WITH TECNIFIED BAHAREQUE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS.

unprecedented environmental and social consequences. There arises the need to find ways in which our production of the built environment does not condemn our future. We need an alternative, a new approach to our construction systems.

-29% OF NET EMBEDED ENERGY IN THE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM. -524 KG OF CO2 EQ./M3 IS THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF BAHAREQUE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS.

We consider technified bahareque as this constructive alternative, a way to return to our roots and understand that “progress” is not always a forward line. By combining our ancestors’ construction methods with the technology and strength of steel, we create buildings with exemplary seismic resistance, capable of self-regulating thermal comfort and absorbing CO2. Bahareque as a material generates social dynamics promotes selfconstruction and user appropriation.

BAHAREQUE HAS 3 TIMES

GREATER THERMAL RESISTANCE

THAN CONCRETE AND 5 TIMES

LOWER TRASMITTANCE

(Viquez, Mora, Flor, Gonzalez, Obando y Rodriguez, 2011)

BAHAREQUE CONSTRUCTION, NOT REQUIRING COMPLEX EQUIPMENT OR HABILITIES, PROMOTES

SELF-CONSTRUCTION AND USER APROPRIATION

(Álvarez, 2010) .

ORIGIN COMPONENTS

, ALL ITS ELEMENTS ARE BIODEGRADABLE AND CAPABLE OF FIXING CO2 (Álvarez, 2010) .

BAHAREQUE USES NATURAL

BAHAREQUE WALLS WORK AS A CAPILLARY FILTER WITH THE CAPACITY TO REGULATE INTERNAL HUMIDITY WITHIN THE BUILDING (Viquez, Mora, Flor, Gonzalez, Obando y Rodriguez, 2011).

BAHAREQUE COVERINGS HAVE HIGHLY FAVORABLE PROPERTIES OF SOUND INSULATION AND NOISE ABSORTION (Ramírez, Londoño, 2017).

THE MIXED STEEL

SYSTEM KNOWN AS TECHNIGIED BAHAREQUE HAS FAVORABLE SEISMIC RESISTANCE PROPERTIES (Álvarez, 2010).

IMAGES FROM: (RE ARQUITECTURA Y DAO, N.D.)

37% of global CO2 emissions come from the construction sector (UNEP, 2024), with an unsustainable and linear system of exploitation-consumptionwaste. Rigid and single-function buildings that create nothing more than unsustainable patches that respond to a growing urban housing crisis . There arises a need for sustainable and circular systems that propose energetically efficient construction alternatives, resilient and adaptable buildings that evolve with the necesities of their users.

STEEL MESH WRAP

STRUCTURAL STELL FRAMEWORK WIRE TENSIONERS

CONCRETE BLOCK PARAPET

INTENSIVE VEGETATIVE LAYER

ORGANIC MATTER SUBSTRATE

GRAVEL PERMABLE SUTRATE

ROOT BARRIER LAYER

WATERPROFING LAYER

2% SLOPED MORTER FILL

PVC DRAINAGE PIPE

20CM REINFORCED CONCRETE SOLID SLAB

PTR BEAM

IPR BEAM

3MM FINE SAND AND LIME REPELLER

12MM MUD BASE LEVELING REPELLER

MUD BASE, SAND STRAW MIXTURE

BOLTED STEEL BRACKET

NPT +0.30

MEZZANINE 10CM SOLID CONCRETE SLAP

VARIABLE SECTION IPR BEAM

ENCLOSURE PTR

IPR COLUM

10CM SOLID CONCRETE SLAP

CONCRETE ENCLOSURE BEAM

STEEL STAIRCASE STRUCTURE

DOBLE REBAR FRAMEWORK RETAINING WALL

EMBEDED IPR BEAM

ANCHOR BOLT

STEEL PLATE

TIE BEAM REBAR FRAMEWORK

CONCRETE TIE BEAM

CONCRETE PLINTH FC

FOOTING BLOCK REBAR FRAMEWORK

ISOLATED CONCRETE FOOTING FC

LOW RESISTANCE CONCRETE TEMPLATE

COMPACTED TEPETATE 90%

BEDROCK

3mm FINE SAND AND LIME REPELLER

6mm FINE SAND AND LIME REPELLER

12mm MUD SAND AND STRAW LEVELING REPELLER

MIXTURE OF MUD BASE, SAND AND 50mm STRAW

TABLILLA DE MADERA TRATADA DE 25 x 12mm

TREATED WOOD (palet) 25 x 12mm

“TREATED WOODEN BASE ANCHORED TO BEAM BY STEEL PLATE WITH NAILS

Bahareque is a traditional construction technique used in various regions of Latin America and other parts of the world. It is characterized by the use of natural and local materials, such as soil, cane, bamboo, and wood. This technique is used to build walls that are economical, sustainable, and suitable for diverse climates. Additionally, construction with bahareque allows for the adaptability of typologies due to its ease of construction and malleability (Re Arquitectura, DAO, 201). The materiality aligns with our concept of using soil again in a world full of concrete, creating a block of life within the industrial desert.

FAMILY TYPOLOGY 1:200

WORKER TYPOLOGY 1:200

COLECTIVE LAUNDRY 1:200

Typically, houses have a laundry room that is used approximately one-seventh of the week. By collectivizing activities associated with reproductive roles, we can enhance energy efficiency within the square meters of construction and establish spaces for socialization and gathering. By making these spaces visible, we democratize the activity. Therefore, we propose creating care areas where children, adults, and the elderly can participate together.

SECOND FLOOR 1:450

THIRD FLOOR 1:450

ENERGY EFFICIENCY GAINED

30% In construction system, and -80m2 of construction

FINANCIAL PLAN

WHAT IS ENERGY TRANSITION

A major structural change to energy supply and consumption towards decarbonization.

WHAT IS ENERGY POVERTY

The lack of access to modern and affordable energy services, which prevent people from meeting basic needs such as electricity, heating, and cooking safely and efficiently.

PASIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES

Architectural and environmental design approaches that utilize natural elements to maximize comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability within buildings or spaces.

WHAT IS COEXISTANCE

Peacefully inhabiting the same place, without affecting one another. Ideally with reciprocity.

WHAT IS JOINED LAND VENTURES

Financial figure of real estate order, a way to collectivize private real estate property in benefit of the owners of the land.

POPULAR CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

The role of Mexican popular culture in the formation of national identity, as well as in resistance and cultural subversion.

WHAT IS TRANSPORT ENERGY

The energy used to transfer through various modes of transportation, including cars, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. This energy comes mainly from fossil fuels

WHAT IS EMBEDED ENERGY

The total amount of energy required to produce, transport, and dispose of a product, covering all stages from the extraction of raw materials to their disposal or recycling.

WHAT IS CARBON CREDIT

Certificates that represent the reduction of one ton of CO2, as a financial system they allow companies and countries to offset their greenhouse gas emissions.

WHAT IS DEHUMANIZATION

The process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities and rights. To deprive them of freedom or ideal living conditions.

WHAT IS NON MARKET HOUSING

Alternative finantial concept where the cost of the property is only its operational and construction cost, the rest is redistributed among the owners of the land.

LIFE IN SOCIETY - MONSIVAIS

Life in society is a complex web of interactions and cultural expressions that shape collective experiences in urban and national settings, including cultural resistance and subversion.

ACTUAL IMPACT IN TRANSPORT ENERGY

13980 MWH per month

URBAN CULTURE - MONSIVAIS

Life in large Mexican cities, its rituals, its chaos and its contradictions, as well as the impact of urbanization on society.

COLECTIVE AND SPACE OF CARE

Collective: Environments facilitating social interaction, coexistence, and collaboration among a group. Care: Places where activities related to care and social reproduction occur.

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT

113,000 Ton CO2 Embeded

ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

5400 KWH per month

6041 KWH/KG on traditional constructive system ACTUAL IMPACT EMBEDED ENERGY IN CONSTRUCTION

Taking into account the financial burden of the proposals put forward in this project, there arises a need for innovative financing schemes that enable the original user to develop their property, make the privilege of sustainability affordable, and ensure that housing is not exploited for profit. HOW CAN WE MAKE IT AFFORDABLE?

The proposal is based on the principle of collectivizing private property, a financial scheme that unites three agents (users, industry, and government) with the goal of generating a coinvestment project where all three actors receive some tangible benefit.

Lastly, a scheme that ensures the future of the original users by incorporating the collectivization of property at the neighborhood scale as an effective tool against gentrification, but more importantly, as a way to foster community ownership.

TRANSPORT ENERGY GAINED

1 MWH per month

EMBEDED CO2 INTO THE BUILD FOOTPRINT GAINED

36000 Ton embeded C02

EMBEDED ENERGY GAINED IN THE DAILY ROUTINE

100% SELF SUFFICIENT BUILDING

Reduction of 5400 KWH per month Surplus of 10,702 KWH per month

La energía que lleva un recorrido mediante medios de transporte contaminantes

ENERGY EFFICIENCY GAINED

30% In construction system, and -80m2 of construction

ANUAL CO2 ABSORTION

157,4585 Kg CO2

PRO HOGAR QUARTER

LINDAVISTA QUARTER

MAGDALENA QUARTER

BARRIO SAN ANDRÉS

BARRIO SAN SEBASTIÁN

ELEMENTS FOR REPLICABILITY

TAKING EXISTING HOUSING AS THE MAIN ELEMENT

CREATING CONNECTIONS THROUGH AXES

RESPOND TO THE CONTEXT AND PROGRAM VOIDS DEPENDING ON ITS NECESSITIES.

CORRELATE WITH OTHER HOUSING NEIGHBORHOODS FOR A BIGGER IMPACT.

ANNEXES

ONLY TIME OCASSIONAL RECURRENT PERMANENT

SIDEWALKS

PASSIVE STRATEGIES

CROSSED VENTILATION NATURAL LIGHTING

MICROCLIMATES

THERMAL INERTIA

SECOND CLADDING

BAHAREQUE WALLS

REFERENCES

LA BORDA- COOPERATIVE HOUSING

CAN YOU HAVE A CO2 GAIN INSTEAD OF EMISSION?

CAN A BALANCE BE REACHED BETWEEN VERNACULAR ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS WITH EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS?

CAN YOU HAVE A STRUCTURE WITH CIRCULAR MATERIALS?

IS THERE A SYSTEM THAT PROMOTES HEALTHIER SPACES IN RELATION TO HUMIDITY, CO2 EMISSION, THERMAL UNCERTAINTY AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION?

Eliseu Arrufat and Carles Baiges, Barcelona

CAN YOU HAVE A CO2 GAIN INSTEAD OF EMISSION?

CAN A BALANCE BE REACHED BETWEEN VERNACULAR ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS WITH EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS? THERMAL UNCERTAINTY AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION?

TORRE GRANJA AVENTURA

Marcelo Cortez

3 PROYECTOS DE INTERVENCIÓN URBANA QUE BUSCAN RECUPERAR EL SENTIDO DE PERTENENCIA EN IZTAPALAPA

HOW DOES PUBLIC SPACE HELP CREATE GREATER SAFETY AND A PERCEPTION OF BELONGING TO A PLACE?

HOW DOES IT SUPPORT CULTURE AND IDENTITY?

IS PUBLIC SPACE A WAY FOR CULTURE TO EXPRESS ITSELF?

CAN WE ENRICH PROGRAM BY LETTING THE VOID BE APPROPIATED BY THE POPULATION?

128 Arquitectura y Diseño Urbano + Miquel Adriá, México