Revista CESVIMAP 100 english

100 year XXV

June 2017 7 euros

Technical Journal of the MAPFRE Experimentation and Road Safety Center

SEGUROS DE AUTOS

TU MEJOR EXPERIENCIA AL MEJOR PRECIO

Con el Seguro de Autos MAPFRE la experiencia es otra. Ă gil y de calidad. De principio a fin.

Llama ya al 902 110 111 o ven a nuestras oficinas.

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Editorial

From the car to mobility 100 issues of the CESVIMAP magazine

Editorial Dept.

Centro de Experimentación y Seguridad Vial Mapfre, S.A. C/ Jorge Santayana,18 05004 Ávila Tel.: +34 920 206 300.

Fax: +34 920 206 319 cesvimap@cesvimap.com Director: Teresa Majeroni Editors: Ángel Aparicio, Concha Barbero Multimedia: Javier Dávila, Miguel de Matías, Rocío del Monte, Francisco Javier García, Belén Gómez-Landero Design and Layout Dispublic, S.L. A publication of

Manager: Ignacio Juárez Deputy Managers: Rubén Aparicio-Mourelo, Luis Pelayo García, José Manuel García & Luis Gutiérrez Marketing Manager: Luis Mayorga Advertising & Subscriptions Cristina Vallejo (cvallejo@cesvimap.com) Tel.: +34 920 206 333.

Fax: + 34920 206 319 Distribution: CESVIMAP, S.A. Roberto Herráez. rherraez@cesvimap.com Tel.: +34 920 206 419 Fax: +34 920 206 319

Price per issue: 7 euros VAT and shipping costs included (within Spain).

Legal Deposit: M.27.358-1992 ISSN: 1132-7103 Copyright © CESVIMAP, S.A. 2016 Total or partial reproduction is prohibited, without the express authorization of CESVIMAP. www.revistacesvimap.com The distribution of this publication is duly audited by Información y Control de Publicaciones, Información y Control de Publicaciones

19,985 copies over the period July 2015-June 2016.

The estimated readership is 100,000.

CESVIMAP does not necessarily share the opinions expressed in this publication by external collaborators and/or advertisers. Their publication does not imply our endorsement of such contents.

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CESVIMAP 100 | June 2017 Technical journal of the MAPFRE Experimentation and Road Safety Center

◗ On September 1, 1992, Spain collectively enjoyed the international success of what were classified as “the best Olympic Games in history”, as well as the international projection of a modern image thanks to the Universal Exposition in Seville. But that day also saw the publication of the first issue of this journal, a commitment by the MAPFRE Experimentation and Road Safety Center, CESVIMAP, to contribute to the dissemination of the culture of the automobile, especially from a safety and accident prevention standpoint.

When this magazine was launched, CESVIMAP already had nearly a decade’s experience in the analysis of traffic accidents and, more specifically, the best vehicle repair techniques to ensure maximum safety. The cover of the first issue sported a photo of a primitive crash test carried out on a Peugeot, although the model was no longer recognizable, and announced an “analysis of the technical characteristics and bodywork” of a Rover 214. Both vehicles are a thing of the past, an era in which cars were mainly manufactured with conventional sheet-steel body panels, and where the protection measures were practically limited to safety belts and some braking assistance systems, such as the earliest versions of ABS. Nowadays, things are rather different. In the most reputed forums, they no longer speak of cars, but rather mobility. But the essence of CESVIMAP’s work and its value for the automotive industries, for insurance companies, and for society as a whole, remains exactly the same. Car bodies are now a mixture of different materials, such as alloy steels, plastics, aluminum, carbon fiber, etc. And, fortunately, the protection measures have improved and been standardized, in such a way that we are now at a more advanced stage, with the new driving aids designed to increase safety encompassed under the umbrella concept “ADAS” (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems).

The world of the automobile, just like the insurance world and, in general, every industry, has very little to do with the level of development in the 1990s. Nor is CESVIMAP the same. Fortunately, the Center is no longer exclusively national – it is now global, with six similar centers enabling us to provide our services in

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PFR MA

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42 countries on five continents. Initially focused on passenger cars, it has broadened its scope to investigate all manner of vehicles, and even analyze the risks associated with emerging phenomena such as drones and their applications in society. To cite a third major difference, CESVIMAP has been able to adapt to the technological revolution and remains at the forefront as a benchmark center for analyzing realities still at the development stage, such as the intelligent car in a connected world.

100 issues of this publication have been witness to this profound transformation. They are all there, available to readers interested in following the story. This free dissemination of technical knowledge, open to the public, is how CESVIMAP has always felt its role in society should be. Investigating to discover, and then train and inform; in short, offering all the know-how of its excellent professional team so as to contribute to the development of societies, and to their new needs and trends.

Perhaps in issue number 200 of this journal, the Chairman and CEO of MAPFRE may start an article similar to this one, noting that, “in the year 2017, CESVIMAP was already working on historical concepts, such as the connected vehicle, or what was known then as new mobility and shared use, and their impact on the field of safety...”

Many thanks, and congratulations to all those who have contri– buted to these first 100 issues of the CESVIMAP magazine ■ EO

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03 EDITORIAL

30 RECONSTRUCTION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS Applied science

08 BODYWORK Restoring vehicles

34 ENGINEERING Offering solutions to repair shops

14 PAINTWORK Newly painted

40 APPRAISERS Versatility and Efficiency

24 OTHER VEHICLES A hundred of vehicles

46 RATING A hundred of classifications

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MARY 34

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48 ELECTROMECHANICS We’re hitting 100!

68 ADMINISTRATION 100% efficacy

54 TRAINING, COMMUNICATION & MARKETING Dissemination that transcends know-how

72 IT Zeros that add up

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76 SCALES Calculations and Coefficients

62 CESVI RECAMBIOS Parts treated conscientiously

82 MANAGEMENT The story continues

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B O D Y W O R K

Restoring vehicles REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THE CAR IS AUTONOMOUS, CONNECTED, HAS ONLY AN ELECTRIC MOTOR OR COMBINES AN ELECTRIC MOTOR AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, IT WILL ALWAYS HAVE BODYWORK. IN LINE WITH HOW CAR BODIES HAVE BEEN EVOLVING, CESVIMAP HAS PROGRESSIVELY ADAPTED ITS PROCESSES FOR UNDERTAKING REPAIRS AND UTILIZING WORK TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT. THE CORE ACTIVITY WITHIN THE CESVIMAP BODYWORK AREA, EVEN BEFORE THE FIRST ISSUE OF THIS MAGAZINE SAW THE LIGHT OF DAY IN 1992, HAS ALWAYS BEEN THE ANALYSIS OF VEHICLES, THEIR PARTS AND COMPONENTS, AND REPAIR METHODS. ALL OF THIS ON THE BASIS OF LOW-SPEED COLLISIONS, STUDIES AND TESTS OF EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES, ALWAYS INTERACTING WITH THE DIFFERENT SECTORS OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

A fundamental aspect for the development of knowledge has been the degree of collaboration between CESVIMAP and the manufacturers of vehicles, equipment and repair products, as well as other automotive sectors. From the very outset up to the present day, this collaboration has been truly excellent. The major manufacturers have incorporated innovative processes into their models; CESVIMAP takes care of the technology

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transfer to the workshops through enhanced working methods, which the repair professional must know in order to restore vehicles to their original state.

“Imagination is more important than knowledge”, Albert Einstein once said and now, after ninety-nine articles in the CESVIMAP magazine, we can contemplate how much knowledge and imagination has gone into these twenty-five years of the magazine. The working procedures on

B O D Y W O R K

◗ Nitrogen assisted soldering station

ever losing sight of what is happening each day in the sector.

passenger cars have, on many occasions, provided a good starting point and reference for a large part of the sector, as well as the study of other types of vehicles undertaken in CESVIMAP, and this has been reflected in these pages.

Since its inception, our workshop has been set up as a genuine “laboratory”, endowed with the best resources, a place where passenger cars have been – and continue to be – exceptional test samples, without

THE DESIGN EXPLOITS THE ADVANTAGES OF STEEL AND ALUMINUM, THUS GIVING RISE TO HYBRID BODIES

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By Bodywork Area

Materials Taking a historical journey through the field of materials, from the soft to special steels, aluminum, right up to carbon fiber, the Bodywork Area is clearly deeply committed and keeps up to date with the study of their characteristics, bonding methodologies and types of repair or replacement: laser welding, MIG brazing, riveted joints… Laser welding and laser brazing, for example, are being replaced by bonded or riveted joints, or by MIG or spot welding.

Aluminum holds a privileged position, after steel, as the metal most commonly employed in the automotive industry.

The auto body mechanics at CESVIMAP have adapted to the use of new tools and equipment for the repair and replacement of parts manufactured using this material, adopting bonding systems and methods, such as riveting and adhesives.

In the age of plastic, the main objective was to achieve lighter vehicle bodies. And now, with the advent of carbon fiber, the aim is to achieve up to a 40 percent weight reduction. CESVIMAP has always been attentive to change and actively involved in this evolution.

From the beginning, welding has been the repair and bonding process that offers the best results in the repair of thermoplastic parts.

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â—— Different types of joints

IN THE AGE OF PLASTIC, THE

But they can also be repaired, for example, through the application of adhesives, in the case of thermoset plastics and thermoplastics, which cannot be welded, due to the reinforcing fillers they contain.

The composite materials most used in cars are formed with a thermosetting resin, and reinforcing fillers. In the past, the partial or total replacement of the polyester panels was an alternative for those cases in which repair proved impossible.

This technique was widely employed

by CESVIMAP, especially when vehicle manufacturers used this material in their doors, hoods or rear fenders.

Hybrid bodies Although seemingly incompatible ACHIEVE LIGHTER materials, automakers have exploited the advantages of steel and aluminum BODIES; WITH CARBON in the production of car bodies by combining them, thus giving rise to hybrid FIBER, THE AIM IS TO bodies. Examples of the different types of hybrid steel and aluminum bodies REDUCE THE WEIGHT that have passed through our hands are BY 40 PERCENT the 2015 Audi TT, 2011 Audi A6, 2003 BMW 5 Series, 2015 Jaguar XE or 2015 Volvo XC90. And, in the case of the 2017 BMW 5 series, this marks the start of reinforcing the metal elements of the bodywork with pieces of carbon fiber. This will lead to a new type of hybrid bodies, with metallic elements combined with other composite materials, consisting of a matrix reinforced with carbon fiber.

OBJECTIVE WAS TO

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Repair benches Repair benches have been indispensable in CESVIMAP for the analysis and structural repair of car bodies and are, likewise, an essential element in any body repair workshop. As well as being a legal requirement, they have undergone major changes due to their progressively diminished use in the repair of major damages. This is due to the costs of replacing the safety or supplementary retention systems (sets of airbags and seat belt pretensioners), as well as other electronic devices, such as sensors or control units, which have a tremendous impact on the repair costs, compared to the market value of the vehicle. â—— The repair bench, essential in any body repair workshop

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Developments in bodywork design will compel us to adapt and to view new scenarios, in which the main actors, among many other groups, will still be the automobile appraisers and auto repair shops. And we will always have the physical body, as the basis and support of the “automobile vehicle” concept ■

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Future What is yet to come, the future of automobile bodywork technology, which we look forward to with the very same

enthusiasm as up to now, are new composite materials in hybrid bodies – in the form of combinations of highstrength steels, heat-treated aluminum alloys, magnesium and CFRPs (carbon fiber reinforced polymers) – with a widespread use of adhesives and bonded joints. And huge quantities of electronic devices, which will influence dismantling procedures and the need for adjustment and calibration.

The very management of spare parts will be transformed if new technologies, such as 3D printing, are adopted on a massive scale in the industry, directly affecting the distribution of replacement parts as we know it today.

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The benches themselves have developed greatly, as regards their electronic measuring equipment, which incorporates numerous technological advances. Moreover, equipment such as mini-benches, have also appeared, very useful for straightforward, limited stretching operations. The stretching of structural parts of different constitution is complemented by measurement and verification processes when replacing damaged parts, since stretching pieces of extremely high-strength steels, such as boron steels, does not enable the element to recover its original shape; rather, cracks or tears appear in the adjoining parts.

Analyses of four-wheeled vehicles, solutions to hailstone damage, lock mechanisms, repair and recovery kits for windshield rain sensors, repair of seats, dashboards and switch panels, employing various different bodywork tools and equipment, from the simplest to the most complex. Many other issues have been studied and analyzed by the technicians and other staff in the Bodywork Area’s workshop. Repairing headlights, thermal clamps, soldering with nitrogen, carbon fiber, windshields and the ADAS systems are innovations that have already been incorporated into the workshops, developments which CESVIMAP has also recently analyzed and disseminated.

◗ Plastic welding with staples

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◗ Repair of plastics

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Newly painted

By Paintwork Area

ONE OF THE KEY SELLING POINTS OF ANY AUTOMOBILE HAS ALWAYS BEEN ITS APPEARANCE AND OUTER FINISH, IN OTHER WORDS, ITS COLOR. THE DESIRE OF CAR BUYERS TO HAVE SOME AESTHETIC ELEMENT THAT SETS IT APART REMAINS A FUNDAMENTAL FACTOR WHEN CHOOSING A VEHICLE; HENCE PAINT FINISHES AND EFFECTS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN IN THE SIGHTS OF AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURERS – AND OF THE PAINT RESEARCH AREA AT CESVIMAP, WHICH HAS SEEN TO IT THAT ADVANCES HAVE BEEN DISSEMINATED THROUGH THIS MAGAZINE, WHICH HAS NOW REACHED NO. 100 The car of the year in 1992 was the Citroën ZX, which offered a range of exotic-sounding colors – Bleu Sideral, Vert Triton, Rouge Furio, etc. The bleu sideral (ENT) consisted of a two-coat metallic finish; the basic elements that caused this effect were, exclusively, aluminum flakes and metallic pigments.

The car of the year in 2017 is the Seat Ateca; also with different color finishes, such as lava blue (W5Q), again two-coat, but with effect pigments which are a mixture of lenticular aluminum flakes and various pearls; the result is a pearlescent finish.

Are today’s colors the same or similar to those of 25 years ago? We could even go further and, looking at the repair shop, ask whether the automotive repainting

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processes are the same or similar to those of 25 years ago. Let us try to dispel that doubt, as we review our own history.

Our facilities In 1992, our former work center housed adequate installations, at that time, for researching automotive repainting techniques; like today, we were always on the lookout for the latest developments in the sector. Our mixing laboratory had access to products and equipment from the leading industry manufacturers, such as the solvent-based lines from DuPont, Glasurit, Herberts, ICI Autocolor or PPG. There was also paint drying equipment, such as medium-wave IR equipment and the very best suction spray guns from Sagola, Devilbiss or Sata, in addition to

PA I N T W O R K

◗ Former painting facilities: mixing room and preparation area

other products from manufacturers such as 3M or Festo.

We had a preparation area with a rotating platform for spinning the vehicles around and open grate flooring for the drainage of liquid runoff during the habitual wetsanding processes, as well as a spray booth/oil-fired oven, in which the most representative products were tested on the best-selling passenger cars on the market. In this booth we installed the first systems from ICI Autocolor with Venturi nozzles, designed to facilitate the drying of the early water-based paints.

With the passage of time, our focus on passenger cars broadened to include research into other vehicles which also require insurance, such as motorcycles or light commercial vehicles.

In 1996, with the opening of our current facilities, in which a booth was incorporated specifically for painting industrial vehicles, our research was extended to large, heavy-duty vehicles

such as trucks, buses and agricultural machinery. In the same way, we also researched the painting of bicycles, quadricycles, quads, motor homes…

We gained in terms of versatility, duplicating our installations with two preparation areas, in which solely dry sanding operations are carried out.

The ergonomics for painters also benefited THE REGULATIONS from the elevators, which allowed them MARK THE FIRST MAJOR to adopt better postures in the various different jobs. Today we can boast two DIFFERENCE, FORCING booths, one of them exclusively for drying through the use of endothermic panels.

THE MOVE AWAY FROM Processes, products and equipment SOLVENTS TOWARD Our current laboratory is very different WATERBORNE PAINTS from the initial one. Computers with color software, spectrophotometers and smart scales, along with electric and pneumatic sanders, HVLP gravity spray guns, paint preparation systems, or optical color adjustment equipment are just some of the habitual companions of our long-serving

◗ Suction spray guns versus new HVLP gravity spray guns

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◗ Digital spectrophotometer

◗ Verification of color match

painters, who have now become true experts in this field. Let's compare the past and the present…

■ Finishes and effects Vehicles in 1992 were essentially painted in flat or solid colors, coexisting singlecoat finishes with the already emerging two-coat metallic and pearlescent finishes. At present, the single-coat finish has almost disappeared from passenger cars, with the prevailing trend being twocoat metallic and pearl finishes, although three-coat finishes are increasingly making their presence felt.

We discover new pigments in the paints, with more impressive aesthetic effects, such as the so-called Xirallic; based on aluminum oxide, it offers a crystalline sheen effect. Another recent incorporation

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are the finishes with ceramic or scratchresistant varnishes, matte colors or vehicles whose bodywork has various colors.

■ Color matching With regard to searching for and matching colors, in the early days of this magazine this was done manually, as there were only printed color charts from the paint manufacturers. Later, the charts were spray-painted with the same paint that was to be used to repaint the vehicle.

After selecting it, the formula of each manufacturer was located on microfiches for preparing the mixture.

Nowadays, in addition to the color charts, all paint manufacturers have spectrophotometers and we have experimented widely with them in CESVIMAP. ■ Base coats The primary characteristic of putties is their consistency, ideal for filling in imperfections after sheet metal repairs.

Without losing that principal function, today we often encounter such specific properties as lightweight or low specific weight putties, whose subsequent sanding is easier and faster, or special ones for the repair of plastics.

PA I N T W O R K

Fillers are capable of covering minor imperfections, provide good isolation between the different layers of paint, and offer a good base for the finish coat to adhere to. Compared to the really thick “standard” filler of 25 years ago, usually gray or beige, a range of innovations have now appeared: • Wet-on-wet (WoW) fillers.

• Fillers with direct adhesion on cataphoretic coatings. Identical in nature to the previous ones, they do not require matting or fine sanding of the cataphoretic protection on new parts. They can be applied on clean, degreased parts.

• Grayscale and tinted/colored fillers.

Fillers have evolved to the stage where they offer the most appropriate tone for each color, thus avoiding unnecessary costs in the color layer and matching problems.

The drying of putties and fillers, however, still involves the traditional infrared drying equipment, albeit short-wave now.

THE NEW PIGMENTS IN TODAY’S PAINTS ARE PRODUCING SPECTACULAR AESTHETIC EFFECTS

◗ Masking nowadays

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◗ Special effect colors

UV drying is also still employed, although its use is not widespread and is restricted to products designed for this purpose.

Anticorrosive primers, used to cover small areas of bare metal which appear after sanding putties and fillers, have undergone modifications. Initially, these products were applied with a spray gun, after being catalyzed; nowadays, they are more commonly found in aerosol format, easier to apply.

■ Sanding and masking Two major operations keep painters occupied for longer than the painting process itself – sanding and masking – as we in CESVIMAP know only too well.

Initially, sanding was manual, using sheets of different grade or abrasive quality, in combination with water, thus achieving a reasonably uniform surface. However, given that steel, the material most used in manufacturing, poses a risk of oxidation and corrosion when moisture is present, wet sanding was progressively abandoned and has practically disappeared nowadays.

The current state of sanding is: • Dry sanding, with electric and pneumatic sanders, together with hand tools such as sanding blocks when there are sharp edges or difficult-to-access areas.

• Rotary orbital sanders, with different orbits of rotation to better suit the needs of different substrates.

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◗ Anti-static gun

◗ Preparation cups and lids

• Discs with current abrasive materials for machine sanding, not only manufactured in paper, but also other backing materials such as film or a metal grid structure.

• Backings for very fine sanding grades, up to P6000, which allows for dry sanding to eliminate small surface defects in the paintwork.

• Optimal, efficient combination of orbits, backing pads of varying firmness and abrasives for every occasion.

Masking arises from the need to protect areas of the vehicle not to be repainted.

Given that their main purpose is to cover, the first masking products to appear on the market were rolls of paper or plastic, joined to each other and to the vehicle using paper tape or masking tape.

Currently, although paper and plastic still exist, more advanced solutions have arisen, such as plastic film (in prefolded rolls) with antistatic properties to fully cover a vehicle in one go and, subsequently, cut back the areas that are to be painted. As regards tape, the modern tapes offer different functions and characteristics, such as the special ones for water-based paint, or trim masking tape for moldings. Another relatively new product is the soft-edge foam masking tape, recommended for sealing gaps between parts of the body, offering swift protection in tricky areas, compared to the traditional, tricky folded-over tape solution.

In recent years, CESVIMAP has conducted tests on products and equipment from more than 50 brands, including paint, accessory, equipment and tool

manufacturers, with the consequent universality of the data thus obtained.

One aspect which has been an intrinsic part of the very essence of CESVIMAP, is its attention to safety and hygiene, and personal protection. From the outset, we have analyzed and provided individual protective equipment (IPE) and clothing for our painters, such as respirator masks or gloves, coveralls and even eyewash stations or air purification systems.

Likewise, proper management of chemical waste from the painting processes has been – and remains – one of our everyday maxims.

Regulations and nature of the paint With regard to the evolution of equipment and products, CESVIMAP’s Paintwork Area has always ensured full compliance with regulations and legal limitations. Thus, 2004 saw the definitive disappearance of all the solvent-based paint product lines.

The regulations, therefore, mark the first major difference in this period, forcing paint manufacturers to move away from solvents toward waterborne paints. This served to reduce VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, the waterborne paints which appeared in the late 1990s became obligatory, according to European directives, in 2004, bringing about additional changes.

We have seen how varnishes have shifted from conventional ones to those with medium-to-high solids content, with a view to reducing the percentage of solvents and thus comply with the regulations. They have evolved toward fast or air-drying Continues on page 20 

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PA I N T W O R K

This article will start becoming obsolete from the very moment it is published. The fact is that the manufacturers of products, equipment and tools for repainting automobiles are constantly innovating and optimizing solutions for repair shops ■

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varnishes, offering body shops greater versatility and profitability.

Given that water is the element to be evaporated, it has also modified the paint drying process. Today’s drying booths come fitted with aeration systems, or air blowers, which create air currents to evaporate IN RECENT YEARS, the water efficiently. Moreover, instead of the traditional oil-fired method of raising CESVIMAP HAS the temperature in the booth, alternatives such as gas or endothermic panels have CONDUCTED TESTS emerged.

ON PRODUCTS AND The spray guns have also been affected by the changes in paint composition. There EQUIPMENT FROM MORE has been a progressive introduction of HVLP and hybrid spray guns, which offer THAN 50 BRANDS increased transfer efficiency and are adapted to suit waterborne paints with higher solids content. Cleaning them calls for spray gun washers specifically designed for waterborne paint products.

What else has changed?

Other symbols of the improvement and transformation of the auto painting world are the following: • Painting preparation systems. With single-use disposable mixing cups, they avoid the time-consuming cleaning of traditional metal mixing cups.

• Full spectrum lighting. Designed to reproduce natural daylight, it recreates the lighting conditions under which vehicles circulate, thus making it easier to achieve correct color matching, compared to the artificial lighting in the workshops.

• Filter or hot air duct systems. They are mainly used in body shops where working conditions produce a significant thermal contrast between the paint and the vehicle parts. Heating the air causes no decrease in the temperature of the parts, but rather enhances the paint transfer efficiency during the process.

• Anti-static equipment. Static electricity is sometimes produced in the body shop when painting a vehicle. This is detrimental as it facilitates the accumulation of volatile particles, such as dust, in the environment, leading to possible flaws or defects. This problem, more pronounced when painting plastic parts, can be remedied or mitigated through the use of anti-static equipment or guns, which apply an ionized air flow to the surfaces before painting, thus avoiding these risks.

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Paintwork Area pintura@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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A hundred of vehicles A SCIENTIFICALLY ORDERED APPARENT CHAOS, IN WHICH ENGINEERS AND TECHNICIANS WORK DAILY WITH ALL KINDS OF VEHICLES AND MACHINES VERY DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER, RESULTS IN THIS DEPARTMENT HOUSING A SMALL MOPED SIDE BY SIDE WITH A 25 TON MEGA TRUCK, WITHOUT FORGETTING ABOUT THE BUSES, QUADS, COMBINE HARVESTERS, MOTORCYCLES, SEMITRAILERS, PEOPLE CARRIERS, TRACTORS, EXCAVATORS, ATVS AND, OF COURSE, TRUCK CHASSIS FITTED WITH ANY KIND OF BODY

By Other Vehicles Area

◗ Situation regarding identification data

CESVIMAP’s Other Vehicles Area was created to undertake a more profound analysis of the repair and appraisal of vehicles other than passenger cars. First came the motorcycles, then trucks and buses, and, finally, agricultural machinery.

MOTORCYCLES 100 and twenty-five cubic centimeters were to blame…

Who would have thought that a small motorcycle with a displacement of one hundred and twenty-five cubic centimeters, more or less a cup of coffee, was going to produce the “terrible” effects that resulted from its entry into CESVIMAP, way back in the early 1990s?

Once the technicians, engineers and all the material resources with which CESVIMAP had begun its experimentation on four-wheeled vehicles were deemed “broken-in”, a new challenge appeared in the form of a motorcycle, a small Aprilia AF-1 125 c.c. which gave the young

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CESVIMAP personnel an injection of enthusiasm.

From that moment onward, everything was new: manufacturers of motorcycles and verification, repair, painting equipment, etc. all helped to spur the imagination of the technicians in their daily work, leading to the development of new work procedures, distinct from those previously employed with automobiles.

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â—— MQB Platform

â—— Instrument panel

object, or the damage caused by the abrasion of the asphalt as the bodywork slides down the road.

The collaboration of the then powerful national moped industry, captained by Derby and Piaggio, led to numerous studies being conducted in relation to those small mopeds that are so popular in our cities, without overlooking larger capacity motorcycles.

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It proved necessary to devise a method for the motorcycle crash test, completely different from that performed for passenger cars, but which, in turn, exploited to the full these complex installations. To do so, a procedure was developed that enabled the material damages sustained by a motorcycle in an accident to be reproduced fairly accurately, whether from a direct impact with a fixed

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◗ Gas tank repair

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◗ First motorcycle crash test

We learned – and today we continue learning – a lot from all the motorcycle manufacturers, from their designs and work methods, all with the aim of repairing any damaged motorcycle, while ensuring optimum safety conditions.

After studying over one hundred motorcycles and mopeds, and offering technical training on the appraisal and repair of these vehicles for more than twenty years, today we remain just as keen as we were twenty-five years ago. We work with verification, repair and painting equipment, researching new methods of protecting the interior of gas tanks, analyzing the problems and characteristics of their external adhesive elements, IT PROVED NECESSARY developing and working with electronic systems to analyze chassis, forks, wheels TO DEVISE A METHOD and axles, without forgetting the latest FOR THE MOTORCYCLE electronic diagnostic systems on today’s motorcycles.

CRASH TEST

◗ Assessment of damage to crashed motorcycle

Although the new building was clearly better in every aspect than the old center, what really made the difference was the experimentation workshop, in which, as well as having a lot more space and work bays, what stood out in spectacular fashion was the area given over to industrial vehicles.

Three chassis alignment jigs for structural truck repairs, a specific truck cab repair bench, as well as a paint booth, in which we were now able to work with trucks, ◗ Repair of tractor unit

INDUSTRIAL VEHICLES We started out with 100 and ninety horse power A veteran Iveco Turbotech 190.26 was the first truck we acquired for experimentation at the new facilities we opened in Avila in 1996. Unlike our previous facilities, we conceived and designed this new CESVIMAP center from the ground up. To this end, we used the “excuse” of being able to work with industrial vehicles, something which, obviously, had been physically impossible in the old installations.

Continues on page 28 

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GENERAL PAINT C/Carniceria, 3 Torrelodones - 28250 - Madrid Tel. 669245068 - 979 773 169

info@generalpaint.es www.generalpaint.es

O T H E R

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◗ Dump truck in the CESVIMAP experimental workshop

A VETERAN IVECO TURBOTECH 190.26 WAS THE FIRST TRUCK WE ACQUIRED FOR EXPERIMENTATION

trailers and buses. These were the hallmarks of this new infrastructure in Avila.

In addition to all these features, if we also mention all the measurement and repair systems, the fixed and mobile presses, and workshop classrooms we now possessed, there can be no doubt that the massive investment – in both material and human terms – in these new activities was evident in an outstanding manner in the new CESVIMAP center.

Just as we had started out many years earlier with the experimentation on passenger cars, we began our work with that veteran Iveco Turbotech. This was a real eye-opener for us, revealing the tremendous differences as regards weights and dimensions, and, above all else, the work methods required for industrial vehicles, compared to that for passenger cars.

The bridge crane in our installations went from being an essential electromechanical element to providing support to our workshop personnel.

This first Iveco tractor unit was followed by many other heavy vehicles with all types of bodies (cranes, tankers, dump trucks, refrigerated trucks, etc.). This has enabled us to move deeper into the complex world of industrial vehicle bodies, whether on trucks or on trailers and semi-trailers.

Over the years, we have witnessed the increased use of plastic elements in the bodies of both trucks and buses, enabling us to experiment and analyze repairs with all kinds of materials, as well as their bonding methods, currently using adhesives whose mechanical

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characteristics have very little to do with those used over twenty years ago.

We have also experienced the development of trucks right up to the current “smart models”, in which the presence of electronics has become widespread in virtually all of the vehicle’s component parts, and which has led to enormous variations when it comes to assessing damage, estimating repair costs and actually performing repairs.

AGRICULTURAL VEHICLES 100 and eighteen hours with the tractor cab At the end of the 1990s, at the very time when we had a workshop with the physical characteristics needed to work with tractors and combine harvesters, MAPFRE suggested that we should start experimenting with these kinds of machines.

Once again there were mixed feelings of enthusiasm, technical concerns and (why not admit it?) some audacity among the CESVIMAP specialists, for whom this new challenge marked a true turning point, being so very different from all the work undertaken up to that point.

We acquired a damaged tractor and threw ourselves into such a profound analysis that we dedicated 118 hours of intense labor in the workshop on the cab alone.

We learned about and comprehended the problems posed by machines for working in the fields, their truly singular features insofar as repair – whether mechanical, structural or bodywork – is concerned, as well as the special forms of painting and external decoration.

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◗ Technical study of harvester

The retraining and ongoing courses taken by the technical specialists at CESVIMAP, together with their knowledge of other machines and their components, allows us to face the future in this area with the very same enthusiasm, but backed by much more experience than we had when we produced issue no. 1 of our CESVIMAP magazine ■

MAPFRE SUGGESTED THAT WE SHOULD ALSO RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL VEHICLES

Other Vehicles Area vindustriales@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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◗ Analysis of tractor

Since then, as with all the other vehicle types, electronics has become a fundamental part of any agricultural machine. This has called for advances in the repair and fault diagnosis methods employed, bringing about a complete updating of the damage assessment systems for tractors and combine harvesters.

FIND OUT MORE AT

We began to work in a totally different world from that experienced up to that time in CESVIMAP, with a whole range of manufacturers (John Deere, Massey Ferguson, New Holland, etc.).

We employed our own, exclusive repair processes for these kinds of machines and developed damage assessment methods different from those used for passenger cars, motorcycles and trucks.

After several tractors, we felt we needed to turn our attention to combine harvesters; a CLAAS machine for cereals served as a “guinea pig” for us to learn firsthand about their design and elements, which we dismantled completely for an indepth analysis.

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Applied science

By Traffic Accident Reconstruction Area

A PASSENGER CAR COLLIDES WITH A TRACTOR TRAVELING IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION; THE ACCIDENT OCCURS WHEN THE TRACTOR WISHES TO TAKE AN EXIT ON THE LEFT AND, TO DO SO, HAS TO CROSS THE LANE ALONG WHICH THE PASSENGER CAR IS DRIVING. WHO BEARS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ACCIDENT? AN INAPPROPRIATE MANEUVER BY THE TRACTOR DRIVER? THE CAR TRAVELING AT EXCESSIVE SPEED?

The Traffic Accident Reconstruction department at CESVIMAP was created to deal with such situations. In the above case, it was concluded that the responsibility did not lie with the tractor driver, given that the car was doing 162 km/h at the brow of a hill some 150 meters before the site of the impact.

At that speed it took 3.47 seconds to travel from the said crest in the road to the collision point. Technically, it is perfectly feasible that the tractor started the turning maneuver before the car appeared over the brow of the hill.

53.6 meters of braking marks and the seven meters by which the car moved the

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tractor after the violent crash revealed the true facts.

When CESVIMAP Magazine published its first issue, the Accident Reconstruction Department at CESVIMAP had already been operating for four years, resolving cases like this one. The early days were difficult until we earned the trust of the claims processing centers, when it came to reconstructing major accidents entailing significant economic figures; MAPFRE offered its unconditional support and was later joined by other insurance companies, individuals, courts, and automobile manufacturers and importers. In this way, employing strictly technical criteria, our

R E C O N S T R U C T I O N

Training and dissemination In order to share our knowledge regarding the preparation of reconstruction reports, we began to offer courses in Avila and elsewhere to MAPFRE appraisers, independent damage appraisal centers and security forces (Guardia Civil, National Police, and both municipal and regional police forces).

The experience gained from this training, as well as the suggestions of the students, revealed that many of them found the calculations that had to be carried out for the reconstruction reports far too complicated. For this reason, they were asking for a tool that would enable them to be performed simply and swiftly.

In an attempt to facilitate this task, in collaboration with CIDAUT, CESVIMAP developed the accident reconstruction program Reconstructor 98®. It was really well received, given that it enabled the physical calculations to be performed rapidly and, in addition, allowed for the recreation of the accident in a two dimensional scenario.

This utility substantially improved the presentation of the reconstruction reports and facilitated their defense in the courts, given that the facts were more comprehensible to the judges.

University training With the advent of the Internet and the new technologies, an online Traffic Accident Reconstruction course was developed in collaboration with the Catholic University of Avila, offering current, permanently updated techniques.

With a duration of four months, a flexible schedule was offered, adapted to suit the students, so that they could complete the course without having to go to the CESVIMAP facilities or neglect their work commitments.

We also studied other areas of accidentology in depth and began to produce reports on how passive safety systems in vehicles – such as airbags – worked. Thus, on the basis of aspects such as an analysis of the vehicle’s deformation after the accident, it could be determined whether or not the system had functioned properly.

With a view to enhancing the reports and their representation, powerful accident

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RECONSTRUCTOR 98, THE CAB CAN DEVELOPED

BY BE ADAPTED TO SUIT CESVIMAP, WAS THE ACTIVITY UNDERTAKEN THE KEY TOOL FOR THE

BY THAT PARTICULAR CALCULATIONS AND VEHICLE RECREATION OF ROAD ACCIDENTS

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work served to shed light on sensitive events, establish responsibilities and prevent fraud, thus supporting the justice system in the endeavor to ascertain the true facts of each case. To date, around 3,800 cases have been studied, entailing over 50,000 hours of work.

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THE AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE WILL CHANGE THE WAY

◗ Signaling the marks of an accident on the road surface

WE TACKLE THE RECONSTRUCTION OF ACCIDENTS

reconstruction computer programs such as Virtual Crash and PC-Crash were incorporated. These support complex calculations and present a three dimensional simulation of the accident. Users can select different visual perspectives to view the reenactment (even with cameras in the driver’s seat to determine what he/she was seeing moments before the accident) and this proves really explanatory when it comes to defending the report in court.

Fire investigation Another line that started up in this area in 2006 is the investigation of vehicle fires. This was based on the many reallife tests conducted in CESVIMAP, in which vehicles were set on fire to observe

The Reconstruction Department is still evolving, learning and gaining knowledge for the future with regard to the new vehicles that will constantly appear and change the way we tackle accident reconstruction, as we know it today.

Firstly, the new materials and bonding systems, and the behavior of structures in the event of an impact; and, secondly, all the technology helping drivers (ADAS – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) and propulsion systems (electric cars, hybrids, etc.), as well as electronically reading collision-related data, will lead to new accidentology scenarios. And we will be there ■

FIND OUT MORE AT

◗ Fire investigation

how the flames spread. After numerous tests, causing short circuits in wiring and burning different construction materials used on the vehicle, we gleaned a great deal of information and acquired decisive experience for investigating such incidents; we are thus now capable of drafting technical reports based on these tests, which, in the majority of cases, enable their causes and origins to be determined.

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Traffic Accident Reconstruction Area reconstrucción@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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E N G I N E E R I N G

Offering solutions to repair shops

By Engineering and Consultancy Area OVER THE COURSE OF THESE 100 ISSUES, CESVIMAP’S ENGINEERING AND CONSULTANCY AREA HAS HAD THE CHANCE TO TAKE THIS THRILLING JOURNEY, MARKED BY THE DYNAMISM AND CONTINUOUS ADAPTATION TO THE NEEDS OF OUR CLIENTS, ACCOMPANYING THEM IN THEIR WORK WITH ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT. AND ALWAYS WITH ONE SINGLE OBJECTIVE: TO ADD VALUE TO THEIR BUSINESS fro

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◗ Distribution of the CESVIMAP experimental workshop

CESVIMAP took the decision to launch an area specifically focused on advisory and consulting services in order to respond to the concerns transmitted by our clients; the idea was that this would be a permanent feature and this has been the case.

The most noteworthy factor in consultancy services – the consultant – is an intangible asset; a significant part of the decision to contract services depends on the trust they are able to generate. To this end, we focus on offering a value proposition that captivates, shunning “pre-packaged” replies or a mere “recycling” of concepts that have worked in one sector, implementing them as innovative in

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other sectors, which, in most cases, are totally different.

We strive to be useful to our clients, this being understood as anything that results in increased revenue, a reduction in the resources to be employed (money, hours, materials), or an increase in the satisfaction of stakeholders.

Then. Engineering Department The department responsible for providing these advisory and consultancy services was initially called Engineering, given that its activity was centered on that particular area. This was a single-client consultancy offering one service at a local level, focusing on one single specialty (bodywork and paintwork), one client (the repair shop) and one particular area (the Spanish market). The services were provided exclusively employing its own resources and capacities.

The most common jobs were distribution reports for repair shops, with floor plans

◗ Design of Cesvi Recambios, Authorized Treatment Facility for End-of-Life Vehicles

depicting the surface areas in use, plant layout and vehicle movement flows. In those days we were repeatedly faced with two fundamental questions: What is the best repair bench? What paint booth should we install? This gives us some idea of the chief concerns at that time.

It must be said that, at least in part, the development of the services we were providing was due to those more enterprising clients who, once they knew us, started asking us to go one step further. We thus began to supplement the distribution reports with requirements and needs in terms of facilities and equipment, which led to the production of comprehensive reports on repair shop design.

A quantum leap for the department was the decision to open CESVIMAP’s own auto body and paint shops. This obliged us to broaden our scope and cease focusing solely on technical aspects, moving on to cover other economic and management aspects of the business. We could consider that the moment when we transitioned from offering one service to covering different specialties and, as part of the solution, integrating complementary resources and capacities from areas such as management and administration. This important challenge required a special effort, but allowed us to acquire highly valid experience.

Our services were expanded, providing those clients who asked for them with repair shop economic and feasibility studies. We professionalized the business management side with the development of a computer program specifically for repair shop management: SPIGA, now known as SPIGA + and commercialized

WE OFFER A COMPREHENSIVE SERVICE WITH GLOBAL REACH, WHEREVER THE CLIENT IS PRESENT

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What can we offer our clients?

■ Qualified resources. Not only is knowhow required, but rather the results also demand experience and initiative from us.

To achieve this, we place at every client’s disposal a team made up of people with a significant track record and experience in the different areas of CESVIMAP: bodywork, paintwork, appraisal techniques…

■ Level of neutrality and independent judgment, necessary to freely propose change processes, irrespective of the internal policies of the company for which we are working.

In addition, we offer a more global vision and the criteria necessary to counteract approaches possibly limited by everyday routines.

■ Additional capacities. We can meet exceptional needs or specific circumstances, offering coaching services to assist with training or the implementation of solutions. This provides clients with a learning process, whereby they can hone their skills and abilities to the maximum.

■ An independent brand, recognized for the legitimacy of the approach applied and the conclusions of its work, especially in those analyses, studies or tasks to be presented to third parties.

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◗ Cesvi Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Mexico and France

DELIVERING RESULTS DEMANDS EXPERIENCE

by Lidera Soluciones S.L. (part-owned

by CESVIMAP). We thus integrated new capacities of the IT and Administration & Management Departments. All of this was always at the disposal of the sector.

Along this journey, in a very direct manner, we have collaborated in the design and development of the various CESVI centers which, as part of our business strategy, have started up in different countries: Cesvi Argentina, Cesvi Brazil, Cesvi Colombia, Cesvi Mexico, Cesvi France and Cesvi China. Centers of recognized prestige, each a benchmark facility in their respective markets.

AND INITIATIVE

Continues on page 38 

◗ CESVIMAP worldwide (Turkey)

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And now. Engineering & Consultancy Department Nowadays, we are talking about a work area with a more complete name, Engineering and Consultancy, developed as we progressively adapted to suit our clients’ needs.

We are capable of implementing a wide range of personalized solutions: Multi-Client Service: We work for all those engaged in automobile after-sales services and insurance: ■ Auto body and paint shops.

■ Mechanical repair shops.

■ Repair shop and dealership networks.

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E N G I N E E R I N G

WE ACCOMPANY OUR CLIENTS TO WHEREVER IS NEEDED

◗ TQ Certificates (workshop quality standard) and the PROMASS repair shop management solution

IN ORDER TO DETECT

PROBLEM AND PUT FORWARD OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS

Treatment Facilities for End-of-Life Vehicles.

■ Automobile manufacturers.

■ Insurance companies.

Comprehensive service: Responding to the new needs of our clients, adding value to the various different functional areas: ■ Repair shop design (distribution of space, workflows, installations and equipment, professional profiles and staff selection processes…).

■ Repair shop feasibility plans.

■ Repair shop quality: CESVIMAP TQ Certificate.

■ Solutions for the profitable running of a repair shop: PROMASS. ■ Certification of repair shops complying with a client’s own standards.

■ Design of Treatment Facilities for Endof-Life Vehicles.

■ Design of automotive open-air storage areas.

■ Assessment of professional skills.

■ Selection and management of service providers for insurance companies (repair shops) and creation of own standards.

■ Management of the appraiser network for insurance companies.

■ Management of automobile claims for insurance companies.

■ Development of business, management, and monitoring models.

■

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Global Reach: We go wherever our clients are: Angola, Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Chile, China, Spain, Philippines, Indonesia, Malta, Morocco, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Turkey, Venezuela…

We accompany our clients to wherever is needed, whether undertaking analyses to detect the root of a concrete problem, or working on how to enhance performance, putting forward the most suitable solution(s). Moreover, we establish longstanding relationships, offering advice and providing the necessary know-how so that clients can resolve their problems or improve the situation, aligning their processes and resources in terms of their objectives… because we do not seek ephemeral relationships, but rather lasting ones. Like a good friendship.

In addition, the department was the vehicle whereby CESVIMAP earned the ISO 9001 Quality, ISO 14001 Environmental and ISO 39001 Road Traffic Safety certifications ■ FIND OUT MORE AT

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Engineering Area Ingeniería@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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Versatility and Efficiency 1992, YEAR OF THE OLYMPICS, THE UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION AND HIGH-SPEED TRAINS – WITH CONCEPTS BASED ON INNOVATION, DEVELOPMENT, RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY – WILL BE REMEMBERED BY ALL OF US AS THE YEAR IN WHICH PROJECTS WERE COMPLETED WHICH HAD BEEN ONGOING FOR QUITE SOME TIME, AND THE CESVIMAP MAGAZINE WAS LAUNCHED

By Appraisal Area

25 years and 100 issues later, the evolution of CESVIMAP has gone hand in hand with that of society itself, in the same way as each department has progressed in the wake of the automobile and its technology.

In the Appraisal Area we have expanded and transformed many of our activities. We have not only changed the way we deal with modern vehicles, but we have also fully embraced the new technologies to provide appraisers, in general, and MAPFRE’s appraisers, in particular, with a broader vision of this work. Within that vision, we have also included those who have a direct relationship with the valuation of damage to automobiles and the preparation of estimates in repair shops, such as receptionists, service consultants and repair shop managers.

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From manual appraisal to the tablet If there is something that gives an idea of how much appraisal work has changed, it is the optimized use of new technologies for carrying out the work and reducing the average claims management times.

Long gone are those tiresome paper formats, where the appraiser, always after visiting numerous repair shops, noted down the parts already valued. Likewise the search for prices, times and references of the replaced parts within huge weighty tomes of paper. The advent of the IT revolution led to the creation of specific appraisal programs, where professionals entered their data and the calculation of the appraisal was “more or less” automatic.

Still lingering in the memory of the veterans is that high-pitched noise (and the fear of

A P P R A I S E R S

TO AVOID COMPLAINTS IN THE EVENT OF INCIDENTS, VERIFICATIONS WILL BE MADE IN THE PRESENCE OF THE CLIENT

â—— Appraisal software tools

â—— CESVIMAP training work experience

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interruption) of the precarious connections on a computer network virtually nonexistent in most repair shops.

Like everyone else, we were using the MS-DOS operating system and monitors with green phosphor screens, together with a small booklet, the Audatex database reference manual, offering exploded diagrams of the vehicle. We noted there the operations that we later transferred to the computer using numerical codes, which we ended up memorizing.

In the year 2000, the widespread use of the Windows operating system and the slow, yet increasingly evident, improvement of the connections allowed for the creation of a graphic environment, which resulted in the extensive use of computers to perform valuations. First, this was done together with the database manual; later, using laptops, so that the appraiser could carry out the valuation in the workshop itself.

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THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES IS DRIVING APPRAISAL WORK

There are many repair shops that often remind us of the requests from appraisers to use their telephone connection.

The goal was to process the valuation.

Imagine their surprise when, with a small portable printer, they obtained the valuation together with the payment order, thus significantly reducing the claims management times.

But the challenges not only arose with regard to the location of times, references or prices. We also had to overcome those related to identifying the vehicles. The amount of equipment and the model variants currently condition the spare parts needed and the repair methods. A correct classification of the vehicle is crucial; we no longer have to endure that lengthy, tedious process of locating equipment and accessories using search methods that, at first, rely on the chassis number and, subsequently, the license number itself, to avoid identification errors.

Mobile devices such as tablets or smartphones lead to us forgetting those long work days dedicated to sorting and storing costly photographs developed on paper, many of them useless, as well as digital cameras, inseparable companions of the appraiser just a few years ago.

The appraiser and the workshop, a common goal All of these developments in the field of automobile appraisal is likewise evident in the auto body repair and paintwork shops.

The objective for all of us technicians in the Appraisal Area was to develop applications for, and train, the receptionists and service consultants. In this way, we offered specific

training for these employees, with the mission of ensuring that the assessments they undertook could serve as the basis for managing the repair of the vehicle in the workshop, generating the internal repair order, the spare parts needed, the times to be applied, etc.

Evolution over time The word “Scale” is indisputably linked to the very notion of CESVIMAP. It has evolved in the same fashion as the working methods of the appraisers. From those blue or yellow folders, respectively, for the primitive bodywork or paintwork scales – still present today on the shelves of some repair shops – to the calculators that automatically produced work times and painting materials, we have now reached the current scales incorporated into the appraisal programs.

They allow you to select the area affected on a part and obtain the times needed for repair and painting, and, of course, the painting materials to be considered.

It would be hard for the appraisers of 1992 to imagine such advances in the way repair times are allocated!

From auto appraiser to appraiser of “everything” It all started with the appraiser of passenger cars. However, the number of vehicles and objects involved in an accident was increasingly more diverse. Trucks, tractors, combines, motorcycles, bicycles, etc., together with construction elements, guardrails, streetlights, garage doors and, even, wildlife species and fruit trees had to be assessed by capable, well-trained professionals.

Continues on page 44 

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online learning with practical experience to ensure a perfect understanding of the knowledge acquired.

What will come next? We do not know yet, but we do know that insurers, repair shops and the appraisers themselves are asking us to be there, instructing the automotive professionals on every aspect that arises and which every organization requires.

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Not just the valuation of damage, but also the preparation of reports, the reconstruction of accidents and a long etcetera will have to adapt and, even, anticipate what is coming next ■ FIND OUT MORE AT

And there we were, both CESVIMAP’s Appraisal Area and the other departments, designing training activities so that the professionals could adapt to meet the requirements of their clients, mainly insurance companies. Training related to other damages, other types of vehicles such as industrial or agricultural machinery and motorcycles, property damage, and human relations – customer service, negotiation techniques, and sales techniques – spearhead our department’s work in CESVIMAP. Then there are the advances in the drafting of reports, the presence WE TRAIN APPRAISERS of the appraiser in the courtroom and developments in legislation. Everything that can be included in the professional life FOR MAPFRE of the appraiser warrants our analysis in AND OTHER order to propose practical solutions.

Our world today is moving so quickly COMPANIES, VEHICLE that professionals in any sector must be constantly developing their skills. Training MANUFACTURERS, therefore becomes a key tool for performing any work, even more so in the case of RECEPTIONISTS AND automobile appraisers, whose decisions are SERVICE CONSULTANTS conditioned by the technological development of the manufacturers.

We have established ourselves as the guarantors of quality training for appraisers in MAPFRE and other insurance companies, receptionists, service consultants at independent dealers and repair shops…, and all those who wish to be one of them, adapting it to their needs.

The alternatives to classroom training on offer overcome the barriers of time and space, with quality and efficiency. From the first online course for automobile appraisal way back in 2001, to the current university training in collaboration with the Catholic University of Avila, we combine

From Avila to the world In the latter half of the 1990s Latin America was the destination of the colleagues who had to launch our expansion, offering their know-how to the professionals who form part of CESVIMAP’s sister organizations: Cesvi Argentina, Cesvi Brazil, Cesvi Colombia or Cesvi Mexico. Later, it would be Cesvi France and, more recently, Cesvi China, each with their own characteristics and particular fleet of vehicles. At present, countries such as Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Angola, Turkey, China or the Philippines are demanding our services, not just for training, but also for process auditing, management of the appraisal team and coaching; new areas of work where we can offer the fruits of our research and know-how.

100 issues of the magazine later, the changes in appraisal work, as in the rest of Spanish society and the world in general, are patently obvious. However, the evolution over the last ten years has been incredible. Appraisers must be prepared to adapt their work to meet upcoming requirements – new ways of delivering the service, of interacting with insurers, repair shops, clients, etc., new appraisal methods, modern tools, vehicles that are heading toward autonomous driving, ever more powerful software, ever faster communication systems…

Appraisal peritos@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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R A T I N G

By Rating Area

A hundred of classifications LITTLE IS KNOWN OF THE RATING DEPARTMENT OUTSIDE THE CESVIMAP INSTALLATIONS; EVEN THOSE DIRECTLY RELATED IN SOME WAY WITH ITS ACTIVITY ARE BARELY AWARE OF ITS FUNCTIONS. FOR THIS REASON, IT IS NOT EASY TO EXPLAIN EXACTLY WHAT IT DOES, GIVEN THAT EVEN OUR OWN COLLEAGUES SOMETIMES CANNOT DO SO. IN ORDER TO OUTLINE THE RAISON D’ÊTRE OF THIS AREA, PERHAPS WE SHOULD LOOK BACK AT THE EARLY DAYS OF A YOUNG COMPANY, THIRSTY FOR KNOWLEDGE AND REALLY KEEN TO EXPERIMENT. THUS, IN A HANDCRAFTED FASHION, THEY DESIGNED THE FIRST RAMP FOR CONDUCTING CONTROLLED-SPEED CRASH TESTS. THEY REFERRED TO IT AS A “RAMP” PRECISELY BECAUSE THE VEHICLE IS RAISED UP ON IT IN ORDER TO PERFORM A CONTROLLED-SPEED COLLISION, NAMELY, BY CRASHING IT INTO A NON-DEFORMABLE WALL

The countless data drawn from the repair of these vehicles constituted a repository of information far too valuable for MAPFRE to leave it gathering dust in a drawer. That is why, after several studies confirmed the validity of these data, it was decided to create a rating scale reflecting these crash test results which could be used by MAPFRE to calculate insurance premiums. This scale was called the Classification Group, and it represents the cost of repairing a vehicle involved in an average accident.

Obviously this scale had to be incorporated into MAPFRE’s vehicle database. Handling hundreds of crash test data was not the same as using databases with tens of thousands of records. This led to the

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creation of the Rating Department to cope with the immense task of sorting a database of 80,000 vehicle records, which is growing at an annual rate of 3,800. This was a real challenge at the time, but is now carried out as a matter of course, thanks to the advances in IT. Not only that, but they also began to classify those same vehicles according to their perilous nature or risk of suffering accidents, as well as their theft resistance.

Nowadays, the classifications produced by this CESVIMAP area are an important factor – among others that lie outside the scope of our responsibility – when it comes to MAPFRE determining the amount of automobile insurance premiums.

R AT I N G

◗ Databases

in the year 2010, what we called the Precatalog was designed and developed under the guidance of the Rating Department in CESVIMAP. Available to the whole of MAPFRE’s sales network, this tool enables data to be retrieved on imported vehicles, special vehicle series or any other vehicle which is not in the company’s database.

A hundred of queries In 2011, MAPFRE entrusted us with yet another task: deal with queries from its sales network, insofar as vehicle identification is concerned. With all manner of queries coming in from every location, the importance and benefit for an insurer of having an automobile research center such as CESVIMAP was clearly evident.

With just a few data for the automobile in question, we are able to identify the vehicle, state where it can be found within MAPFRE’s vehicle database and respond in a very short period of time. Such was the success of this task that, very quickly, queries within the MAPFRE network soared from barely a few hundred to thousands ■

MAPFRE USES THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE

RATING DEPARTMENT AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR WHEN IT COMES TO DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE PREMIUMS

Rating Area tarificacion@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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A hundred of vehicle records But this was not the only mission MAPFRE entrusted to CESVIMAP. The MAPFRE network often encountered difficulties when they needed information on vehicles which were not on sale in Spain or, simply, could not find data on a client’s vehicle in their own database. To resolve this issue,

◗ Model depicting early crash test

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A hundred of associations This was not the only task MAPFRE asked of us. In 2009, we were commissioned to deal with what was proving a constant headache for them. Fruit of MAPFRE’s agreements with other companies, a relationship (association) had to be maintained between the insurance industry’s vehicle database and that of MAPFRE, but this was not always straightforward. Each vehicle in the insurance industry’s vehicle database (approximately 100,000) had to have a direct equivalent among the 80,000-plus in MAPFRE’s database. This gives some idea of how complicated the task was.

We set about tackling the issue and developed an application to solve the problem. This continued until 2013 when, thanks to an agreement reached with a company specializing in databases, MAPFRE’s needs were finally met.

Today, this activity is somewhat more limited, but, despite everything, hundreds of associations are still being made.

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Towards autonomous driving From gasoline to electricity. From ABS to autonomous driving

By Electromechanics Area VEHICLE ELECTROMECHANICS HAS COME A LONG WAY SINCE THAT BYGONE ERA OF 1992 WHEN THE CESVIMAP MAGAZINE FIRST APPEARED. AROUND THAT TIME, CARBURETORS ON ALL ENGINES WERE STARTING TO BE REPLACED BY SIMPLE INJECTION SYSTEMS, SEEKING THE UNIVERSAL ADOPTION OF THE ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS WE KNOW TODAY, AS A RESULT OF NEW EMISSION CONTROL REGULATIONS COMING INTO FORCE. CATALYTIC CONVERTERS AND UNLEADED GASOLINE ALSO APPEARED THEN. REPAIR SHOPS BEGAN TO NEED DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT TO REPAIR THESE ELECTRONIC INJECTION SYSTEMS. THIS SIGNALED THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NOW INDISPENSABLE SCAN TOOLS

The early 1990s also marked the onset of the “dieselization” of the cars on European roads. Electronics made their presence in diesel engines with the famous “TDI” models. They were mechanically unbreakable, but already starting to suffer electrical faults and cause headaches for the repair shops, unaccustomed to this kind of problems.

The environment was already a concern back then, particularly the destruction of the ozone layer as a result of the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC). The car had its portion of the blame. In 1992 the production and commercialization of the famous R-12 refrigerant gas was banned and it was replaced by R-134a. This led

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to the need to modify the air-conditioning installations when a vehicle suffered an accident, as it was obligatory to convert the system to be able to use the new gas. In this aspect, things have not changed so much.

Currently, we are worried about global warming, the greenhouse effect, with the result that new vehicles have replaced the R-134a gas with other less harmful ones such as R-1234yf or CO2 (R-744).

It was also in the early 1990s when vehicle safety started its transformation toward the concept we have of it today. Airbags became widespread on the steering wheels of our vehicles to meet the new requirements with regard to frontal collisions.

E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C S

drop of fuel and, at the same time, reduce pollutant emissions.

Electronics also brought greater security to prevent the theft of vehicles, incorporating electronic immobilizer systems – mandatory since 1995. But as the vehicles were still being stolen, it proved necessary to add complexity to this type of anti-theft systems. From the primitive immobilizer systems, based on remote controls – whether infrared, radio frequency or fixed code models – or the early RFID transponders, we now have RFID systems with rolling codes, and encrypted codes.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS, WITH A VIEW TO PROMOTING A REDUCTION IN THE ACCIDENT RATES

◗ Autonomous emergency braking test

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Attentive to innovations ABS and traction control were no longer safety systems exclusively fitted to luxury or high performance vehicles, and began to be fitted to more affordable vehicles.

CESVIMAP, always attentive to these new safety systems, investigated how they affected vehicle repairs, and which new techniques and diagnostic tools were necessary for working correctly on these vehicles. The knowledge acquired was passed on to both appraisers and repair shops.

In the field of steering geometry, the repair shops solely possessed simple measurement equipment, either mechanical or optical, which obliged the professionals to have extensive knowledge of geometry in order to perform this work correctly.

Over the years, electronics began to take on a more important role in cars.

The engine management systems, for both diesel and gasoline cars, became increasingly complex, incorporating ever more sensors to precisely measure each operating parameter of the engine. All with the aim of making the most of every

Tools and equipment New tools constantly appear in the repair shops as a result of the incorporation of so much electronics. In addition to the diagnostic equipment (scan tools) mentioned above, the oscilloscope is frequently employed to analyze the electronic signals produced by the various sensors, as well as the responses of the control units to those stimuli. The technician’s profile ranges from eminently mechanical to a solid knowledge of electricity and electronics.

For the traditional mechanic, new tools also appear that streamline, simplify and improve the quality of their work. We are starting to see electronic steering alignment equipment, based on electronic inclinometers, CCD cameras and a computer that performs the calculations and walks the mechanic through the measurement and adjustment process.

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◗ Evaluation of headrest for avoiding whiplash injuries

◗ Hybrid bus

The point of no return The increased use of electronically controlled systems on vehicles resulted in an increase in the complexity and cost of the electrical installations fitted on them. At the end of the 1990s this problem began to be resolved thanks THE CURRENT to multiplexed networks. The networks progressively introduced into vehicles POLLUTION EMISSION included CAN-BUS, LIN, MOST, etc. This STANDARDS BRING allowed for an interconnection between the different electronic systems on vehicles, a ABOUT EXTREME very substantial reduction in the number of meters of wiring needed, and the possibility COMPLEXITY WITH of sharing information from the sensors between different systems, removing the ALL THE ELECTRONIC need to duplicate sensors for different DEVICES SURROUNDING functions. This was the point of no return.

The car had become fully digital.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION Hybrid vehicles appeared on the market, in the form of the Toyota Prius. Advances ENGINES, ESPECIALLY in power electronics, especially the development of the IGBTs (Insulated Gate DIESELS Bipolar Transistor), as well as neodymium magnets for electric motors, make it possible to incorporate electric traction drive to cars in a simple, reliable fashion.

However, the existing level of battery development does not currently allow for the manufacture of purely electric

vehicles which can cover an acceptable range. From that point, CESVIMAP began its research and work on hybrid vehicles: their peculiarities and the precautionary measures needed when working on them, given the incorporation of high voltage batteries.

An important milestone occurred in the year 2000 when the United States eliminated the selective availability of its GPS system, allowing any user to have access to data with a precision of ± 10 meters, compared to the ± 150 meters up to that date. This precision paved the way for the boom in location and navigation systems, both those fitted as standard and optional accessories.

In the field of vehicle safety, CESVIMAP worked actively with all sorts of vehicle location devices, both for fleet management and for the recovery of stolen vehicles. The implementation and deployment of digital mobile telephony was also an essential landmark for the progress of these applications. This was the birth of telematics. The vehicle could communicate information to us and we could transmit both information and orders to the vehicle. And all this could be done remotely.

Taking advantage of the capabilities of GPS systems and mobile communications infrastructure, CESVIMAP participated actively in the development and deployment of the first system to appear in Spain.

Launched by MAPFRE, it was a pay-peruse system, with an emergency call in case of an accident, for their automobile insurance: YCAR. In early 2011, CESVIMAP was already studying electric vehicles. Since then, practically all the electric and hybrid vehicles available in the Spanish market Continues on page 52 

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PRESENTACIÓN BS EN MADRID 24 Y 25 DE MAYO La marca BEMAL SYSTEME tuvo el placer de compartir en Madrid, los días 24 y 25 de mayo, un encuentro con un buen grupo de distribuidores presentes en todo el territorio español.

En este evento presentamos las últimas novedades de productos BS para el repintado del automóvil y repasamos todas las ventajas de nuestra gama de pinturas.

Nuestros distribuidores fueron informados de los tres grandes sistemas tintometricos que completan todo el espectro del color en la reparación del turismo y vehículo industrial: la nueva linea revolucionaria base agua WÄSSRIGE 2G, nuestra linea base disolvente HQ LINE INDUSTRIA y el nuevo sistema monocapa de dos componentes ACRYL SYSTEM 2K para colores lisos.

En barnices de acabado demostramos, con el pintado de un vehículo completo, las ventajas de la nueva laca 3010, que con la nueva tecnología “ energy save” permite secados ultra rápidos para coches completos sin necesidad de aplicar calor en la cabina y con un excelente acabado para la terminación más exigente y profesional.

La marca Bemal Systeme, presente en el mercado español desde el año 2014, continúa su crecimiento junto a todos nuestros distribuidores, que han alternativa más rentable para el taller, permitiendo una reducción de costes importante en producto y optimizando los tiempos de trabajo. El resultado: negocios más competitivos y rentables, adaptados a las exigencias actuales del mercado.

www.bspaints.com

+34 953370096

E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C S

have passed through our facilities. Fruit of this knowledge and research, we are now the point of reference when it comes to electric vehicles, having contributed to the training of the new generations of technicians, through preparing the teachers for the professional automotive modules and the publication of textbooks on the subject.

e on

ADAS The appearance of the advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) marks a clear turning point for the accident rates. The electrification of all the vehicle systems, especially the steering mechanism and braking system, together with the addition of artificial vision cameras and radars (using radio waves or lasers), has made it possible for the vehicle to operate autonomously in certain circumstances, mainly for imminent collision or unintended lanechange warnings. Automobiles can brake alone, if necessary, and maneuver, also in a practically autonomous manner.

All of these systems and sensors pose a challenge for the repair shops. New technologies, new equipment to be able to adjust these systems, are aspects that call for continuous training of professionals.

In CESVIMAP we are currently assessing the effectiveness of these driver assistance systems, selecting in which vehicles they prove truly effective, with a view to promoting their implementation and, thereby, a reduction in the accident rates.

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From the technical standpoint, the future is electric and autonomous. And the Electromechanics Department will be there to study and evaluate it â–

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Future In the not-too-distant future, to a greater or lesser degree, there will be autonomous vehicles driving on our roads. Indeed, this is already technically possible. It is expected that this will reduce the number of accidents, although those that occur will increase the repair costs, due to the greater number of sensors involved and the greater expertise required of the repair shop personnel. All of the hypotheses point to a reduction in accident frequency and severity, coupled with an increase in costs when they cannot be avoided.

Current and future pollution emission standards bring about extreme complexity with all the electronic devices surrounding internal combustion engines. This is especially true of diesels, which, together with the demonization to which these engines are being subjected, due to the type of emissions they generate (particles and NOx), are facing eradication. There are already manufacturers who are going to let their diesel models disappear, and cities announcing bans on diesels driving around them. This situation offers a great opportunity for the development and definitive introduction of vehicles with some kind of electric traction, whether purely electric or plug-in hybrids. The prospects for the development of batteries for electric vehicles, which already provide a range close to 400 kilometers, together with the necessary support of the administrations to promote this type of vehicles, as well as the expansion and dissemination of recharging infrastructure, offer a glimpse of an electric future insofar as the automotive industry is concerned.

Electromechanics Area electromecanica@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

T R A I N I N G ,

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By Training, Communication & Marketing Area WHAT HAS CESVIMAP CONTRIBUTED TO SOCIETY IN THE FIELD OF AUTOMOBILE APPRAISAL AND REPAIR? IN ORDER TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION, LET US FIRST PUT THIS IN SOME HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

Dissemination that transcends know-how We must consult the records to learn about the courses and publications CESVIMAP was producing in the year our magazine saw the light of day.

At that time…

We offered practical training to small groups of appraisers and repair shop personnel at our facilities, as we continue doing nowadays. The catalog of courses remains valid to this day, not in terms of the contents, obviously, but because they focused on responding primarily to “what should you know by the end of the course?” rather than “what diploma do you get?” We were pioneers.

As regards publications, we published collectable monthlies in paper format, and

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descriptive videos and repair processes, in VHS format; Descriptive and Repairability Manuals, Technical-Informative Newsletters, Tools and Equipment Newsletters, Road Safety Newsletters, and videos made up our comprehensive publishing output.

The CESVIMAP Magazine deserves a special mention. With an extensive initial TRAINING Number of courses

87

Days of training

420

Attendees

955 As of 31-12-1992

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SUBSCRIBERS TO THE MAGAZINE Auto body and paint shops

5.000

Official auto dealers and services

7.500

Appraisers

3.000

CESVIMAP students and clients

4.000

Companies

5.500

TOTAL

25.000 As of 31-12-1992

print run, it forced us to unify 64 digital files. It consisted of 68 pages, divided into technical articles, various sections and advertisements from a range of advertisers who placed their trust – and, to this day, still do – in the objectivity of our publication. A benchmark publication was born, showcasing a whole productive sector.

DISSEMINATION Descriptive and Vehicle Repairability Manuals

12

Informative-Technical newsletters

26

Tools and Equipment newsletters

16

Road Safety newsletters Videos

6 22

As of 31-12-1992

Yesteryear connected to the present From that point, constantly basing our work on technological developments, and remaining open to the new possibilities they offered by employing an empirical process, our teachers – who are also researchers and creators of the knowledge they impart – have equipped themselves with transversal skills for the dissemination of their know-how. For 25 years now, they have been experts in classroom group dynamics, and in the creation of technical publications. With the emergence of the magazine, they became

◗ CESVIMAP, producer of audiovisual content

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FOCUSED ON “WHAT CAN YOU DO?” INSTEAD OF “WHAT DIPLOMA DO YOU HAVE?”

article writers. Some 20 years ago they started writing books too. The thousands of copies of the Auto Body and Paintwork books requested by our clients encouraged us to keep advancing along this path.

Today we are a publishing company with over 30 books in our catalog, as well as

numerous monographic works and a raft of technical publications.

It has been 15 years since we learned the secrets of creating materials for online training, as well as how to offer this type of training in a dynamic fashion. It was crazy, way back then, to try to apply this to technical training.

10 years ago we developed and contributed to online content repositories. Through the CESVITECA or the Document Manager we digitized our know-how, combining textual and graphic information.

We have established university training and a specific Chair with the Catholic University of Avila, to grant academic recognition to this knowledge. And, for the past two years, our teachers have become experts in communicating via a camera…

CESVIMAP has also become a producer of audiovisual content of such magnitude that we can truly say that we work on a large set. The technicians are scriptwriters, actors and directors of their own video projects, with the support of our camera operators, producers and editors, also members of staff. We develop high quality content, through the use of facilities equipped with the latest lighting, sound and image technology. We operate with drones, high-speed cameras, and both Continues on page 58 

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◗ On-site training

IN A GLOBAL WORLD, WE ARE CAPABLE OF DEPLOYING OUR KNOWHOW IN ANY PLACE

virtual and augmented reality. Our eyes were opened to new perspectives, using distinct narrative languages, seeking a different view to that which the human eye can perceive through macro, timelapse or 360º photography…, all to ensure that the spectators of our “movies” –the automotive industry– do not miss out on the fundamental details of the repair processes and equipment. ◗ Drones are opening up new perspectives

Today, this has created an ecosystem in which we move around safe in the knowledge that we always offer clients the right ingredients to get the job done: knowing how to appraise or how to repair damages.

We adjust the parameters of our algorithm so that whoever enters our area of expertise (through training or publications) reaps the maximum benefit possible. To this end, we provide training at our facilities, on our online training platforms, at our clients’ training centers or on their digital training platforms.

Academic training employing collaborative methodologies for small groups or processes with gamified methodologies for thousands of students.

In addition, we are constantly supporting Vocational Training through the training of teachers and students: with courses, through our books adapted to their training modules, or offering contents in our master classes to those from training centers who continually come to our facilities to enhance their expertise.

In a global world, we are capable of deploying our know-how in any place, Continues on page 60 

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◗ Virtual reality in CESVIMAP

AND

VIRTUAL REALITY,

FUTURE EDUCATIONAL AND PUBLISHING RESOURCES

The future What are our upcoming challenges?

Breaking down the barriers imposed by paper, physical presence and language.

To achieve this, we will rely on the possibilities offered by Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for the dissemination of knowledge and training. They will shortly form part of our educational and publishing resources, as you can clearly see in this issue.

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CESVIMAP has generated its own algorithm and offers it to society, and it is the market which subjects it to relentless continuous scrutiny.

But what is the variable that offers us feedback and ensures that this CESVIMAP formula is always well-oiled? What is the secret of the excellence we offer?

The non-virtual reality is what makes us passionate about what we do, and it is precisely this passion that responds to these questions ■

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AUGMENTED REALITY

in Spanish or in English. The ubiquitous nature of CESVIMAP’s training is a constant. We produce materials on the basis of any technological standard and we can adapt to whatever the conditions or the client’s protocols might be – in our classrooms or on their cell phone.

With our own communication team, we create playlists on YouTube and develop our presence on the various social networks: Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram…

The CESVIMAP magazine boasts over 100,000 readers of its print edition. Its website www.revistacesvimap.com and its newsletters are deemed benchmarks in the segment, as is the paper edition.

Training, Communication & Marketing Area cesvimap@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

C E S V I

R E C A M B I O S

Parts treated conscientiously

By Cesvi Recambios Area

From an environmental standpoint, practically none of the potentially contaminant residues were treated in these wrecker’s yards, unless it was economically viable – such as batteries, for example, given the value of the lead.

It is evident that all this gave rise to a serious problem, since the residues, both

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light and heavy, have a high content of hazardous elements, in addition to being highly flammable.

Given this situation, the corresponding Public Administration finally intervened to legally regulate this activity from an environmental point of view.Firstly, the European Economic Community did so

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SURELY ONE OF THE SECTORS THAT HAS CHANGED THE MOST OVER THE LAST FEW DECADES MUST BE THAT DEDICATED TO THE TREATMENT OF END-OF-LIFE VEHICLES (ELV). IN THE 1990S, THE OLD WRECKER’S YARDS WERE TRADITIONAL, LONG-STANDING FAMILY BUSINESSES, BASED MORE ON INTENSIVE WORK THAN ON TECHNOLOGY. THESE YARDS DISMANTLED VEHICLES IN ORDER TO STRIP SCRAP METAL FROM THE ELV, AS WELL AS CERTAIN COMPONENTS, INITIALLY THE MOST EXPENSIVE AND APT FOR IMMEDIATE SALE, READY TO BE SOLD OFF AS USED SPARE PARTS. HOWEVER, ECONOMICALLY AND ADMINISTRATIVELY, THE SCRAP METAL WAS MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE SPARE PARTS THEMSELVES; INDEED, ON NUMEROUS OCCASIONS, IT WAS THE BUYER HIMSELF WHO DISMANTLED THE PART

Cesvi Recambios, a benchmark center in the sector Activity at our Treatment Facility for Endof-Life Vehicles, which we gave the trade name of Cesvi Recambios, started up in 1996, albeit on an experimental basis: to provide a service to our insured when their vehicle was considered a total loss, CESVIMAP 100

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in the year 2000 and later, in 2002, Spain established its own legislation.

The residues generated in the wrecker’s yards were thus duly regulated, with a view to controlling the quantity, and reducing the danger, of those withdrawn from endof-life vehicles.

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consistent with MAPFRE’s principles of corporate social responsibility. If all this could also be done in a profitable manner, well that would be phenomenal. These were the most compelling reasons for starting this business.

Our initial work was aimed at learning about this activity, and its effects and characteristics. We had to determine how to work with the vehicles or what to do with the parts and elements retrieved.

We were thus able to establish what, in the future, our methods, objectives and managerial criteria would be and, ultimately, our way of working and our strategies. We did not wait for the appearance of the Spanish regulations (Royal Decree 1383/2002), given that our processes already included specific aspects of vehicle decontamination

Continues on page 66 

◗ Cesvi Recambios today

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and waste management. The concepts underlying our work were the reuse and recycling of components, as well as the possibility of their valuation, all subsequently defined by the regulations themselves.

Becoming a used spare parts store was the prime objective for dismantling and removing all parts and elements that could possibly be reused; gradually, as part of our continual improvement, we introduced their identification and referencing into our learning process, establishing storage processes and specific productivity ratios.

We have always understood that such spare parts should be treated just like new parts, i.e. identifiable by a reference number, a pioneering move in this sector. We gave all our parts the manufacturer’s code, in addition to a unique internal reference number, complete with a bar code, which brought streamlined, optimized management to the storage system.

The client is a key figure in the Cesvi Recambios business and, therefore, developing a top quality service has been a fundamental priority since our inception.

The processes to ensure the quality of the parts, efficacy in the response to our clients, and respect for their rights as a purchaser remain the mainstay of the business.

All these aspects are accompanied by the economic factors, fundamental in any business, concluding with a viability plan, which led to the development of a project entailing the purchase of 24,000 m2 of land on which to build a unique building, with a total investment, in 2002,

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CESVI RECAMBIOS, A PIONEER IN TREATING USED SPARE PARTS JUST LIKE NEW PARTS, IDENTIFIABLE BY A REFERENCE NUMBER

of 8.4 million euros, and the hiring of 23 employees. CESVIMAP’s Engineering and Consultancy Department was crucial for the design of this facility.

Thus, we have gone from the initial two workers and one technician for the vehicle dismantling work to a unique, purposebuilt, unparalleled facility. Ergonomic workstations, in order to carry out all types of operations, an automatic vehicle movement system, a smart storage system like no other in the sector, all this enables us to achieve productivity ratios optimized to the maximum. Suffice it to say that the intervention on our first dismantled cars took an average of 16 hours, a figure which has currently been slashed to four hours.

We manage our business with a proprietary IT system, with which we can work in an integrated manner throughout the process, from the reception of the vehicle to producing the invoices, while obtaining comprehensive data on the activity in order to be more efficient at any juncture of our work processes. The support of our colleagues in the IT Department was, and still is, essential for Cesvi Recambios.

Over all these years of operation we have worked with more than 18,000 clients, surpassing the figures of 38,000 cars dismantled and 1,100,000 parts recovered.

We have an average of 55,000 parts in storage, with a turnover of 55 million euros in over 20 countries.

Carbon footprint In 2012, in a study carried out jointly with the Catholic University of Avila and financed by Fundación MAPFRE, we calculated and analyzed the impact of this activity’s carbon footprint, carried out employing our processes and facilities.

We are proud to say that, with the activity currently undertaken at Cesvi Recambios, we have avoided the emission into the atmosphere of 39.2 tons of CO2, and we have facilitated the recycling of more than 23,000 tons of scrap metal, 500 batteries, 195 tons of engine oil, 640 tons of fuel and 240 tons of aluminum.

In the legislative sphere, the management of end-of-life vehicles was regulated by the European Union in the year 2000, and transposed into Spanish legislation by means of a Royal Decree in 2002, when the wrecker’s yards became Authorized Treatment Facilities (ATF). The latest modification was introduced last January,

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◗ Engine cleaning

with Royal Decree 20/2017, whose 12 articles comprehensively define the operations to be performed at an ATF. Aside from the importance of this regulation for companies in the sector, its article 7 introduces something new for users. It stipulates that the removal of parts and components for reuse can solely be done at an ATF – always provided that the vehicles have been duly decontaminated and definitively deregistered with the DGT (traffic authorities) – and renders illegal the buying and selling of second-hand parts between private individuals.

However, more explicit regulations, detailing which parts can and cannot be recovered for reuse, would help us provide a better service to society as a whole. It should include those parts and elements which may be reused and commercialized by an ATF, including safety elements, in other words, those related to the steering, suspension and brakes of vehicles.

Cesvi Recambios may not be the largest, but it has become a benchmark in the sector ■

FIND OUT MORE AT

C E S V I

Cesvi Recambios recambios@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

A D M I N I S T R A T I O N

Efficacy

100 %

THE CREATION OF CESVIMAP, AN INITIATIVE THAT MAPFRE LAUNCHED IN MAY 1983, INCLUDED HIRING AN ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER. SINCE THEN, CESVIMAP’S ADMINISTRATION AND LEGAL ADVICE AREA HAS EVOLVED, REINVENTING ITSELF AND “SOAKING UP” ASPECTS OF OTHER DEPARTMENTS IN A TRANSVERSAL FASHION, FULLY EMBEDDED WITHIN THE COMPANY’S RESEARCH AND SERVICE PROVISION WORK

Etymologically speaking, administration stems from ad- + ministrare, “run an institution, organize the assets”. It seeks to obtain the most efficient results through the coordination of people and systems. Its work, therefore, is essential for raising the profitability of the organization.

We are a full team taking care of accounting, administration, human resources, legal and managerial training, etc. Confirming orders, seeking payments, dealing with suppliers, purchasing

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material; there are a myriad of everyday tasks that may go unnoticed, yet are essential for any organization. The figures that our department manages are truly compelling, such as the 133,000 invoices issued over the last 10 years, or the 27,000-plus clients in our portfolio.

Adapting to the times There have been several changes to which, like all companies, we have had to adapt during this period. The arrival of the

A D M I N I S T R AT I O N

of forms and use of electronic signatures.

As a department, we have participated in MAPFRE Group projects, such as the adaptation of the General Accounting Plan and CESVIMAP’s billing processes to the new SAP environment, an IT system in which, once data are loaded in, they may be taken advantage of in a useful way for decision-making based on established criteria.

Then there is the common dialog that we can maintain with clients and suppliers through digital platforms, as well as with the Public Administrations and banks.

For example, it is currently mandatory to simultaneously share our VAT (valueadded tax) records with the tax authorities, electronically. All this, in order to further the electronic exchange of documents and ensure optimum data archiving and retrieval.

euro, and the subsequent IT adaptation to ensure both currencies could be handled in parallel, at first and, later, only the euro; the dreaded Millennium bug, which finally turned out to be a false alarm; adapting to the IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), a landmark of modernity given the way they view and interpret the value of companies…, among other matters.

Technologically, the administrative management has improved a lot thanks to the automation of processes, digitization

A COMMON DIALOG WITH CLIENTS AND SUPPLIERS

Reporting and management control The visible aspect of our management control is reporting, whereby the data is transformed into useful information for the company’s management team and for our sole shareholder, MAPFRE. Firstly, it is based on the planning and preparation of budgets and forecasts, and, secondly, on cost and profitability analyses.

Over the 25 years we have been publishing this CESVIMAP Magazine, our operational models have been perfected, thus improving the reliability and trustworthiness of costs and forecasts.

From that primitive printed report, we have moved on to automated reporting, with the monthly accounts closing. To achieve this, it proved necessary to develop tailor-made management applications and have a specialist team, which works with the constant support of the IT Area.

The future of our reporting consists of enhancing the tools, processes and indicators, but, above all, the predictive models, to ensure they are increasingly precise and dynamic, so as to convey high levels of confidence in the information.

Legal aspects The legal affairs section of our department ensures that the work undertaken by all areas of CESVIMAP complies fully with current legislation. The legal advice offered to the various departments and their functions –necessary documentation, dealing with any public body, whether CESVIMAP 100

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Spanish Organic Law 15/1999, of December 13, on data protection

In 2002, switch from the peseta to the euro

Adapting to the VAT Royal Decree General modifications, Spanish Law elDAS 1383/2002, of Accounting Plan affecting both its Regulation First telematic Secure payment 22/2011, of July application (EU) December 20, on of 2007 and the and procedures 28, on waste and gateway for No. 910/2014 the management with international the rates, with the public contaminated online sales on electronic of vehicles at financial the standard rate identification land the end of their administrations reporting rising in 1993 useful life standards (IFRS) from 15% to the current 21%

Spanish Law 59/2003, of December 19, on electronic signatures

Start of the INTRASTAR statistical declarations on intra-community commercial transactions and the intra-community VAT ID number

Order INT/624/2008, for electronically Integration of processing the CESVIMAP within deregistration of the MAPFRE fiscal decontaminated group vehicles at the end of their useful life

The labor reform of 2012 was designed to offer the market greater flexibility, generate stable employment and consider training as a worker’s right

Invoicing regulations in Royal Decree 1619/2012, of November 30

Amendment to the Criminal Code, creating the figure of Compliance Officer for overseeing regulatory compliance

Electronic filing of accounts in the Mercantile Registry

Royal Decree 596/2016 on Electronic Filing of Billing Records through the Tax Agency’s Electronic Office

Spanish Law 39/2015, of October 1, on Administrative Procedures

◗ Milestones that have influenced how the Administration Area performs its work

WE CAN MAINTAIN A COMMON DIALOG WITH CLIENTS AND SUPPLIERS THROUGH DIGITAL PLATFORMS

domestic or foreign, audits, protection of personal data, magazine articles, etc.– are just some of the tasks in this field.

We are currently immersed in the process of adapting to the changes in the Spanish Criminal Code, which has developed from offering legal advice to the creation of a ”Compliance Officer”, charged with dealing with the legal –and even moral and ethical– behavior of companies.

From the legal point of view, we train appraisers from various insurance companies (or those wishing to become appraisers) on the legal framework governing insurance, their liability for what they do, how to defend their report in court... But also, on the managerial front, we teach them about automotive company management, the workshop from the

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business standpoint, human resources management, etc.

Project design Participating in the design of projects has allowed us to get involved with CESVIMAP’s economic and organizational structure.

This was the case of the repair shops open to the public (in Majadahonda and Alcalá de Henares when we ran them), or the SPIGA integrated management system, a DMS, Dealer Management System, for independent workshops and dealerships.

These projects subsequently continued independently on their own. Others, however, reached the end of their useful life, such as the plastic repair center (which confirmed that such elements could be repaired with full quality assurance) some

A D M I N I S T R AT I O N

two decades ago. This is also the same fate shared by certain projects in any company.

Projects that are born, fulfill their function and disappear.

Where is the future leading us?

Planning the future is important for maintaining the value of assets and liabilities, and achieving the performance outlined in the strategic plan. The progress of digitization is radically changing our whole scenario. The days of fanfold paper OUR AREA SERVES AS jams and bulky archives are long gone.

A HUB, LINKING TO ALL The future heralds a fully digital environment: we anticipate more artificial THE DEPARTMENTS IN intelligence in logistics processes to achieve more efficient procurement and VARIOUS PROCESSES estimate costs in a more detailed fashion, fomenting specialization, data analysis, and multiple verification checks for greater security in transactions.

As a provider of technological services, CESVIMAP will continue developing its knowledge and performance management as a productive strength.

The Administration Area’s future is marked by how we do things. The technological revolution is transforming us, both as individuals and the processes and services we render, always with a sense of efficiency inherited from MAPFRE ■

Administration Area administración@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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Transversality The fact is that our area serves as a hub, linking to all the departments in various processes: purchasing vehicles for research – economic calculations, deterioration considered, legal and financial procedures; logistics – procurement, supply contracts, provision of end-of-life vehicles – with their numerous administrative and legal procedures; and operational control: cost allocation, valuation of products, estimation of the useful life or deterioration of stored products.

With regard to sales, we particularly support the export and intra-Community transactions, reporting data to public oversight bodies.

Within our tasks are those related also to Human Resources: people management,

hiring, remuneration, labor relations, training, work experience agreements with universities or vocational training institutes, and employee self-service platform, among others.

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Cesvi Recambios With regard to the development of the authorized treatment facility for endof-life vehicles – known as the Vehicle Recycling Center, or Cesvi Recambios (its business name) – it all started with 40 vehicles arriving at our installations.

The Administration Area is responsible for receiving the damaged vehicles, identifying them and officially taking them off the road (deregistration). Up to the year 2004, it informed the Provincial Traffic Authorities of these deregistered vehicles, by means of a – handwritten – Record Book. A total of 7,192 vehicles had passed through our hands by then. Fortunately our work was facilitated from that year onward, as computer printouts were finally allowed! Otherwise, we would have been overwhelmed by a sea of paper and data on the 37,000-plus vehicles that have already been decontaminated at Cesvi Recambios.

Without a doubt, the star of this center’s operational management is the robotization of its warehouse, where 75,000 parts of end-of-life vehicles, with their respective references, are handled annually thanks to the interaction of the Administration, IT and Appraisal areas, as well as Cesvi Recambios itself, achieving extraordinary levels of efficiency.

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Zeros that add up

By IT Area

WHEN WE WERE ASKED TO WRITE AN ARTICLE FOR THE MAGAZINE, COINCIDING WITH ITS 25TH ANNIVERSARY, THE FIRST THING THAT CAME TO MIND WAS THAT SUMMER OF ’92 WHEN HAVING TO PREPARE MAILING LABELS IN TIME FOR ITS LAUNCH BECAME AN ABSOLUTE NIGHTMARE HARD TO FORGET. LOOKING BACK TO A FEW MONTHS BEFORE THE MAGAZINE SAW THE LIGHT OF DAY, GIVEN THE INCREASING USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES, CESVIMAP STARTED UP ITS IT DEPARTMENT. ITS CHIEF ASSIGNMENT WOULD BE TO PROVIDE THE COMPANY WITH A TECHNOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN LINE WITH ITS NEEDS, SOMETHING WHICH WOULD ALSO BE TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF BY OUR PILOT WORKSHOP, WHERE ALL OF CESVIMAP’S EXPERIMENTATION TOOK PLACE.

We were not starting from scratch, given that IT was already present in CESVIMAP; the nostalgic among you will recall the Toshiba T1000 laptop, the “Get Smart shoe phone” modem fixed to the telephone handset, computers with green screens, or those Psion machines with which we sent our Painting Scale data to our clients.

Or how could we forget the ‘big star’, that Macintosh on which the vehicle bodies were drawn, and the dot matrix printer

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placed under a sound hood to dampen that incessant clacking noise.

During the first few years, up to 1996, when we were working in our old facilities, we incorporated a host of innovations on a daily basis, since almost everything had to be set up for the first time.

The first LAN network was created using Novell for five workstations, applications were developed, computers were provided to an ever-increasing number of staff

I T

Workshop management tool and Cesvi Recambios It was in September 1997 that another big step was taken: we put our SPIGA management tool in the hands of the workshops, thus spreading our philosophy and way of working (SPIGA was, and is, an integrated management system – CRM – for independent repair shops and dealers; it facilitates commercial

tasks, finance, human resources management, etc.).

The distribution of the application to workshops led to a large proportion of the department’s time being dedicated to updating SPIGA, at least during its development phase. Replacing the previous version, an updated application was deployed to the workshops in 2002, now known as SPIGA + and commercialized

by Lidera Soluciones S.L. (part-owned by CESVIMAP). Lidera offers DMS (Dealer Management System) solutions which, as well as managing the workshop, handles the sale of new and used vehicles, in addition to spare parts.

Coinciding with the development of this new version, new activities started up,

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE

SPIGA

IT SYSTEM FOR INTEGRATED WORKSHOP MANAGEMENT WAS ONE OF THE MAJOR LANDMARKS IN

CESVIMAP’S HISTORY.

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and an application was developed with a common database for all our clients.

This brought together the data from 48 original sources (largely required for the distribution of the magazine to 25,000 subscribers, publications and advertising material for training activities).

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◗ Automatic photo management system

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online training services for the portal www.cpfol.es constitute a major part of the work of the IT Department. We have also participated actively in the creation of loss adjustment work tools, such as Cesviteca, the online library for appraisers.

Looking to the somewhat immediate future, while not directly dependent on the IT Department, although indirectly in collaboration with others, the systems involving Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, 3D printing, holography, etc. will surely give rise to much discussion, and much activity.

In short, 100 numbers of the magazine and IT together, with the same enthusiasm and the desire to enjoy at least another hundred, whatever the format ■

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such as the repair of plastic elements and the recovery of end-of-life vehicles (ELV), with the latter becoming one of our major priorities from that date up to the present day.

With the start-up of this new vehicle recycling center – Cesvi Recambios – in 2004, we launched an application able to interact with the automated warehouse, THE AUTOMATION OF thus facilitating the whole spare parts management system.

CESVIRECAMBIOS WAS Given that this activity would provide material for at least one book, if we had to ANOTHER CHALLENGE mention one single special development, this would be the automatic photo THE IT DEPARTMENT management system, an addition that came about in order to sell spare parts on HAS HAD TO ADDRESS the Cesvi Recambios website.

During this period, in parallel to the development of applications, the infrastructure was progressively improved, we started up the email service and also began to use the Internet. Timidly , at first, and with scant resources, but within a short space of time the web was to become truly indispensable and of great value, to such an extent that a large part of the IT Department’s time is given over to the provision of services to third parties through this platform.

At present, services such as the magazine in digital format www.revistacesvimap.com , sales of spare parts www.cesvirecambios.com, sales of publications www.cesvitienda.com and

IT Area informática@cesvimap.com CESVIMAP www.cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

S C A L E S

Calculations and coefficients TWO QUESTIONS STAND OUT IN ANY REPAIR: HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE? AND HOW MUCH DOES IT COST? TO REPAIR A VEHICLE, KEY ISSUES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WORKSHOP AND THE APPRAISER OR INSURANCE COMPANY. THIS VALUABLE INFORMATION ENTAILS SEVERAL FACTORS: WHETHER IT IS A REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF PARTS, LEVELS OF DAMAGE, WHICH BODYWORK ELEMENTS ARE INVOLVED OR WHETHER MECHANICAL COMPONENTS ARE ALSO AFFECTED; PASSENGER CARS OR OTHER VEHICLE TYPES… THUS THE SCALES AREA WAS BORN, BASING ITS WORK ON THE INFORMATION EXTRACTED AND ANALYZED FROM OUR VEHICLE REPAIR RESEARCH

By Scales Area

For repairs, the most common damages are those that affect the outside of the vehicle, such as those from parking maneuvers and minor knocks or scratches caused at low speed.

In its research, CESVIMAP replicates damages sustained in front and rear crash tests at low speed, as well as directly causing actual damages to all the exterior elements of the vehicles. In this way, after carrying out repair experiments, taking as a reference the deformed surface of each part, we published the scale Tiempos de Reparación de Elementos Externos de Carrocería, known as the Bodywork Repair Scale (BRS) 1988, and Tiempos y Materiales de Pintura, known as the Painting Scale (also in 1988). Both scales distinguish between makes, models and versions of each vehicle, and offer repair and painting costs in terms of time and materials for each part, on the basis of the deformed surface and its location.

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S C A L E S

◗ Bodywork Repair Scale

◗ Primitive Painting Scale “calculator”

characteristics. Thus, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Venezuela already have this tool adapted to suit the vehicles on their roads.

Painting Times and Materials (PTM) CESVIMAP’s Painting Times and Materials Scale was launched at the same time as the bodywork scale so as to correctly assess paintwork damage. This was designed to resolve the problem of the complex calculations involved, given the problematic process of repainting a damaged vehicle.

The concatenation of independent, successive tasks involved in painting a vehicle, and their differentiation according to the state of the part, made it necessary to group together types of damage in order to offer a simple, manageable tool.

Thus, the Painting Scale includes different levels for new or repaired parts, and for those which simply require respraying the finishing coats in cases of purely superficial damage.

A short time later, to digitize the Scale, CESVIMAP launched the computerized version in the form of a 64k Psion calculator. It was a really manageable format and automatically made the calculations for times and materials. The first PDAs on the market!

The correct level of damage was based on the deformed surface and its relationship with the total surface area of the part to

THE BRS HAS WITNESSED THE EMERGENCE OF NEW EQUIPMENT, TOOLS AND REPAIR TECHNIQUES, AS WELL AS INNOVATIVE MATERIALS

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Bodywork Repair Scale (BRS) In chronological order, the first repair on a vehicle usually consists of rectifying the deformed surfaces after an accident or knock. To ascertain the BRS figures to be applied, users must bear in mind two parameters: the damaged surface area, the intensity or depth of the damage.

The BRS also takes into account other parameters such as the material and thickness of the part, before finally offering three levels of damage – mild, medium and severe – depending on the percentage of the surface damaged, likewise considering the zone in question and its accessibility. Finally, some additional settings may be chosen, depending on the intensity of the damage.

The BRS has witnessed the emergence of new equipment, tools and repair techniques, as well as innovative materials used in the construction of automobiles, such as aluminum or plastic, which has forced it to continually adapt to innovations.

When the CESVIMAP magazine first appeared, the scale had already been launched to assist appraisers and workshops with damage calculations.

Shortly afterward, it was published in Mexico and, subsequently, all the data it included was digitized. The Plastics Repair Scale was introduced in 2009. From that moment, updates were released on an annual basis, to ensure the best estimation of the cost of materials to repair plastic parts.

It has also been adapted to other markets, according to their particular

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be repainted, depending on the finishes of the vehicles –originally one or two-coat, solid or metallic colors and, later, two-coat pearlescent–.

As with everything, CESVIMAP’s Painting Scale strives to offer solutions to the needs of the sector, taking into account new methods, equipment and products promoted by their manufacturers; as well as conforming to current legal regulations, incorporating new types of vehicles...

These are some of the most important changes it has undergone over the years: ■ 1997: Incorporation of the Plastics Painting Scale.

■ 2000: The newly created PTM computer MATTE VARNISHES program offers weight data on a CD. ■ 2004: Incorporation of all-terrain CONTAIN SOLID vehicles, vans and car-based vehicles.

■ 2005: Adaptation to the New AGENTS SUCH AS Technologies (water-based paint).

TALC, CAPABLE OF ■ 2010: Introduction of the Truck Cab Scale.

■ 2011: Incorporation of the Scale for CREATING A SURFACE painted alloy rims and those with a scratch-resistant lacquer.

MICROROUGHNESS AND ■ 2016: Incorporation of the three-layer ACHIEVING AN OPAQUE finish and the second finish color.

This painting scale is updated annually, EFFECT incorporating innovations in equipment, tools, products or processes on the market, and adapted to reflect price modifications for painting materials.

In addition, as was the case for bodywork, CESVIMAP’s Painting Scale has crossed borders and been introduced in Portugal,

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Mexico, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and China.

Other scales CESVIMAP is not only an expert in repair work, but also in the process of replacing external, structural or mechanical Continues on page 80 

CREATING TOGETHER

Para Sikkens, el concepto Creating Together no es un simple concepto de marketing. El trabajo en equipo forma parte de nuestra filosofĂ­a y refleja la estrecha colaboraciĂłn con la que trabajamos con nuestros clientes. Nuestros clientes son nuestros colaboradores. Creating Together es una actitud que inspira a todo el equipo de AkzoNobel en todo el mundo. Son ellos quienes escuchan a diario a los clientes y aprenden de ellos. Para ellos, Creating Together significa el trabajo conjunto, en el mismo taller, con el fin de buscar soluciones que le ayuden a aumentar su eficiencia y rentabilidad.

Trabajando conjuntamente, como colaboradores, conseguiremos nuestros objetivos.

S C A L E S

◗ Examining the level of damage

CESVIMAP’S PAINTING SCALE HAS CROSSED BORDERS AND BEEN INTRODUCED IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES

elements in any kind of vehicle. Thus, for example, specific scales have been created for the replacement of external parts and for the replacement of mechanical components.

Unlike repairs, replacements involve implementing certain techniques and processes, which always tend to be the same for each individual part. These scales therefore reflect unit times for each of the parts according to make, model and version, without having to select levels.

We never cease researching and seeking solutions for the appraisal and repair of damages. For this reason, CESVIMAP will be producing more scales, some of which may be a reality very shortly, while we will start working on others at some future point. This may be the case for the repair and painting of motorcycles, buses

and agricultural machinery, rectifying structural damage and dents caused by hailstones, among others.

In issue number 200 we will explain them all to you! ■

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◗ PTM displays the painting times and materials involved

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Scales Area baremos@cesvimap.com www.revistacesvimap.com @revistacesvimap

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• Auditoría sobre el rendimiento del proceso de trabajo

◗ CESVIMAP's management team

The story continues

Finally, with these words we wish to round off this issue of the CESVIMAP Magazine, so special for all of us employees. All the contents have been written by the various departments within CESVIMAP, exercising their memory of these past twenty-five years and presenting the keys of what today are, and in the future will be, the overarching guidelines of its research, training or dissemination activities.

It is difficult to resist the temptation to look back and, as a company, some “adventures” spring to mind that have marked the steps we have climbed as the company has grown and matured.

For example, the initiative to open repair

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shops (Majadahonda in 1989 and Alcalá de Henares in 1996), as a strategy to verify and demonstrate that the methods and repair times promoted by CESVIMAP were – and, indeed, are – an intrinsic part of everyday work and a reflection of what should happen in the workshop.

The American venture, initially accompanying MAPFRE’s strategy (in 1992 we were already training appraisers in Brazil and Mexico), and later with the creation of the CESVIs (in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia). The cases of CESVI France and CESVI China respond to other circumstances and business strategies that make them stand apart.

who have some kind of relationship with us: vehicle and spare part manufacturers; dealerships and repair shops; insurance companies and appraisers; professional associations, public and private institutional bodies; independent professionals… They have all helped to build CESVIMAP. And the advertisers of this magazine, who help us ensure that its contents are read by over one hundred thousand people per issue, free of charge.

What about the future? Well, more and better, as regards both CESVIMAP and the magazine. Little steps, to better understand the daily issues, and a longsighted perspective to keep us at the forefront, because what the future holds is most interesting: electric cars, ADAS, autonomous vehicles, alternative systems of ownership and use, connectivity and many other things so new that there has not even been time to translate them into Spanish (Big Data, Chatbox, Blockchain,…) and with so much potential that we cannot guess their true scope.

We want to be part of that future and, to this end, we want to continue counting on the support of our chief advocates: MAPFRE, our clients and suppliers, and that whole web of relationships we have weaved to date, which we will keep growing. Because, so far as the team at CESVIMAP is concerned, we can already rely on their commitment and redoubled efforts.

So, my most sincere gratitude to all those who have made this wonderful adventure possible. Moreover, albeit in advance, many thanks for the support you will give us in the future, and thus help ensure that, after this issue number 100, the story continues. Thank you.

Ignacio Juárez General Manager of CESVIMAP

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Another milestone was the construction and move to the current facilities (although this was already twenty years ago), which signified a quantum leap in the services we provided. This was due both to the internal functionality and efficiency it brought, and to being able to open lines of research into industrial vehicles. The latter makes CESVIMAP a center that is unique in the world.

In the second half of the 1990s we refitted the old CESVIMAP facilities as a repair shop for car plastics, mainly fenders, as a means of demonstrating to the market that these elements were repairable, while maintaining top quality. Subsequently closed, the workshop professionals remember it today as a useful tool for the promotion of a market standard.

And the treatment facility for end-of-life vehicles, better known as the Recycling Center, or by its trade name Cesvi Recambios, where vehicles deemed a total loss are decontaminated and parts in good condition are recovered from them so as to be reused in the repair of other vehicles.

CESVIMAP’s desire to go international is not solely focused on setting up similar facilities in other countries. There are relationships with manufacturers of vehicles, equipment and repair products, as well as insurance companies and major consultancies; participation in forums of international prestige, either as a promoter or as an active member (RCAR, IBIS, LatiNCAP…); and the provision of services in over 46 countries are all reasons to believe that we are something more than our budget might suggest.

All this transcends the history of the CESVIMAP Magazine – it is the history of the company itself and the role it has played. And if we consider it successful, this is because the original idea was – and still is – very good, because its promoter and chief advocate, MAPFRE, continues to believe in, and back, its work, and the enthusiastic team that makes it possible every day. The real secret is every one of CESVIMAP’s employees, or rather, their attitude: tireless, positive, imaginative, innovative, with curiosity and an endless desire to learn, teach and share. This makes CESVIMAP a professional meeting place where everyone feels at ease, both the workers and those who visit us.

But all this cannot be explained without the support and collaboration of all those

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CESVIMAP magazine

25 YEARS OF SUSTAINABLE SUCCESS. Glasurit 90 Line The success story of 90 Line started 25 years ago. As one of the first waterborne topcoat systems worldwide, 90 Line set new standards. And still today, there‘s no better system for achieving perfect refinishing results more simply, reliably or efficiently. For the birthday of 90 Line, we will show you the development of the individual labels and prepare a small surprise for you at the end of the anniversary year. Help us celebrate and be part of sustainable success – with Glasurit 90 Line.

ProFit with Glasurit.

Glasurit, Avda. Cristobal Colón S/N, Pol. Ind. El Henares, 19004 Guadalajara, España, Tel.: 949 - 20 90 00, Fax: 949 - 20 91 42 www.glasurit.com

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19.06.17 12:23