Revista Olhar (Ano V, nº8 / 2003)

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Revista Olhar - Número 8 Há duas décadas Francis Fukuyama anunciava o fim da História. Com o desaparecimento do "socialismo real" na Europa do leste, imaginava o fim de todos os conflitos, seja a luta de classes, seja a guerra em geral. Algo do hegelianismo do Kojève estava paradoxalmente presente nesse discurso neo-liberal: não é verdade que Kojève pensava o fim da História como o "domingo final da Vida", ou como o retorno a uma pacífica animalidade, expressa na forma de vida dos norte-americanos? Ainda hoje Fukuyama não dá atenção à guerra na sua figura global e atual, vendo o grande perigo em outro lugar: na biotecnologia... Tratase do ponto cego mais central do "Pensamento Único". Nesta situação cabe à crítica detectar os conflitos globais e locais e suas conexões, como se faz neste número, pensando a militarização do combate ao crime ou os impasses da política educacional face às diferenças étnicas no Brasil. Mas cabe, sobretudo, para melhor compreender as crises por que passamos hoje, visar o presente pela mediação de um olhar mais oblíquo, em contraponto com a reflexão sobre as crises anteriores, do pensamento e da vida social, nos séculos XVI (com Montaigne) e na virada do século XIX para o XX (com Nietzche e Freud). Esse olhar retrospectivo é indispensável para podermos pensar melhor a passagem do século XX ao XXI que estamos vivendo, no temor e no tremor. Neste número, como nos anteriores, reservou-se o espaço indispensável à tarefa crítica proposta e, para além dos ensaios sobre as formas de arte contemporânea, está presente a pura expressão literária, poesia e prosa. Com efeito, através da arte, não nos limitamos a aumentar a esfera de nossa experiência. Com ela, isto é, com a arte como "promessa de felicidade", transcendemos o mundo dado em direção de um futuro que daria sentido


retrospectivo a nosso presente e a nosso passado: - a arte parece ser o Ăşltimo refĂşgio da utopia.


IDÉIAS

SONHOS E OS PESADELOS DA RAZÃO ESCLARECIDA

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127


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A PROFISSÃO MILITAR E AS MUDANÇAS NA GUERRA

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