العدد 41 من مجلة فيلي الصغير

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻦ‬

‫‪faily‬‬ ‫‪kids‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺷﻔﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺷﻔﻖ ﻟﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﻼﻡ ﻟﻠﻜﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻴﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬

‫ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺘﻲ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻟﺢ‬

‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺘﻲ‪..‬ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻨﺒﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻟﺢ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻛﻜﺎﻟﺨﻮ ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺨﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﺮﻭﺩ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻧﺨﻠﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ‪ ..‬ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻃﺐ ﻣﺤﻤﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺁﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻊ ‪ ٣٠‬ﻛﻢ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﻮﺏ‬

‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺘﻲ‪..‬ﻓﺮﺍﺷﺔ ﻭﺯﻧﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﺣﻘ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﺍﺧﻀﺮﺍً‪..‬ﻭﻧﺠﻤﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﻧﺴﺮﺍً ﺍﺯﺭﻗ ًﺎ‪..‬ﺗﺴﺒﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻮﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺮﺍﺳﺘﻲ‪..‬ﺗﺤﻂ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺳﺴﺖ ﻛﺎﻟﺨﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩ ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻃﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﺷﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻣﺮﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ٦١٢‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﺪﻳﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺖ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪١٨٤٦‬‬ ‫ﻡ ﺑﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﻠﻮﻣﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ "‪Sir Austen‬‬ ‫‪ ،”Henry Layard‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻗﺼﺮ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻮﺗﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺴﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺸﻐﻮﻻﺕ ﻋﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﻼﺕ ﻭﺗﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﺿﺨﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ١٩٥٥‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺨﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻛﺮﺗﻮﻧﻲ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺲ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺭﺳ ْﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﻋﻴﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﻭﻳﻞ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ ﻓﺘﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ١٢‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﺠﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﺴﺐ ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀ ﺟﺪﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻭﻧﺔ ﻭﻣﺘﺴﺎﻣﺤﺔ ‪-‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻮﻝ‪.‬ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺷﻘﺮ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ‪.‬ﺗﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﻳﻞ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﺎﺭﻟﻴﺖ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ ﻭﺗﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬ﺭﻣﺰﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻤﺮ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺤﺐ ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺃﺯﺗﻴﻚ‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻷﺣﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺯﻭﻱ‪ :‬ﺯﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﻣﻐﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺠﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻮﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ‪ ١١‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻬﺐ)ﺃﺣﻤﺮ( ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻣﻘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﺑﻴﻠﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺒﺮ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻭﺗﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﻴﻠﻲ ﺣﺼﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻫﻮﺭﺱ ﻻﻧﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻛﻠﻮﻱ‪.‬ﺭﻣﺰﻫﺎ ﻗﻤﺮ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺔ ﺑﺠﻴﻤﺒﺎﺭ ﺣﺼﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﻳﻞ‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻏﺎﻣﻘﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻮﻱ‪ :‬ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﻣﻐﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺠﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﺯﻭﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻭﺭﺍ ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻻ‪،‬ﺗﺤﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺤ َﻴﻞ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﺬﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﻴﺎ ًﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺎﻭﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻔﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺘﺪﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻭﺗﺒﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻣﻖ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺗﺤﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ١٢‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺔ ﻓﻌﻼ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﺑﻴﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﺣﺼﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺛﻖ ﻭﻣﻌﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ "ﻻ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻏﻴﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮ" ﺛﻢ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﺮﻭﺭﺍ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻃﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺯﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺤﺐ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻓﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺴﻮ‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺠﻲ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻀﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺗﺤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﻟﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﻤﻮﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻠﻮﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻬﺔ‪ ،‬ﺿﺤﻮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻔﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺘﺒﺸﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺻﺒﻮﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ‪ ١١‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺘﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺴﻮ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﺳﻜﺎﺭﻟﻴﺖ )ﻓﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬

‫ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ( ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺐ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫)ﺣﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻛﻠﻮﻱ(‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺘﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ّ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻫﺮﻱ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺘﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻘﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻏﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺠﺮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ‪ ١٢‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﺴﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺔ ﺑﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻟﻜﺴﻨﺪﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺳﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻃﺒﻌﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺮﺃ‪ -‬ﺗﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ‬‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺠﺒﺔ ﺑﺤﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻜﺴﻨﺪﺭ‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺫﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﺴﻠﻴﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻠﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﻠﻲ ﻓﺘﻰ ﻃﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ‪١٢‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺠﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻛﻠﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻳﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻞ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻭﻳﺜﺎﺑﺮ ﻭﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬

‫ﻧﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻏﻀﺐ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‪.‬ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ ﻏﺎﻣﻘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﺗﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺘﺤﻠﻰ ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻪ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺴﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﻭﺣﻴﻮﻳﺎ‪.‬ﺭﻣﺰﻩ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ)ﺑﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ(ﺯﺭﻗﺎﺀ ﻏﺎﻣﻘﺔ‪.‬ﻣﻌﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻜﺎﺭﻟﻴﺖ)ﻓﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ(‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻏﺎﻣﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﻖ ﻭﻟﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ ﻏﺎﻣﻘﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀ‪،‬ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ‪١٤‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺭﺑﻬﻢ ﻭﺻﺪﻳﻘﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﻱ ﻭﻣﺜﺎﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺋﻊ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻢ‪.‬ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺃﺷﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ‪.‬ﻳﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻱ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻴﻤﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﻠﻰ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻗﺪﻭﺓ ﻧﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻴﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺒﺮ)ﻓﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺯﻭﻱ(‪.‬ﺭﻣﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ‪.‬ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﺟﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺃﺷﻘﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻭﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪ ٣٠‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ؟ ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺫﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭ ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺲ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺴﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﻭﺃﻃﺮﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻤﺘﻊ ﻭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺮﻙ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺑﺬﻛﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺪﻳﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺿﻊ ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺪﻳﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﻮﺹ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺯﻋﺎﻧﻒ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻋﺎﻧﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺧﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻢ ﺗﻐﻠﻒ ﺟﺴﻤﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩ ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺃﻧﻴﺎﺏ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ؟ ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﺣﺒﺎﺋﻲ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﻴﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ‪،‬ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﻘﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺎﺭ ﺗﺒﻌ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻗﻮﺕ ﻳﻮﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻜﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺹ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺑﺤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ ٢٥٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺒﺲ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﺤﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻃﺊ ﺑﺄﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﻮﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺮﺍﻙ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﻟﻠﺮﺍﺣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻞ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ ٩‬ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌ ًﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﺗﻠﺪ ﻣﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﻟﻮﺩﺍً ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﻓﻘﻂ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﺴﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ ﺻﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ ﻭﻻﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻭﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﻻﺣﻘ ًﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻼﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ ‪ ٤٠‬ﻳﻮﻣ ًﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺩﺭﻭﺳ ًﺎ ﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻭﺯﻧﻬﺎ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻡ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘــﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘــﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﻘﺪﺕ ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺹ‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻢ ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺻﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺳﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺗﺼﺮﺥ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻔﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺕ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

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‫ﻗﺼﺔ ﻭﻋ‪‬ﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻏﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ‪ ..‬ﻋﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻧﺒﻊ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﺭﺩ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺤﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺨﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺳﺔ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ‪:‬ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ؟؟ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ‬

‫ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺰﻫﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﺼﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ ‪..‬ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ‪ ..‬ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻪ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻴﺬﻫﺐ ﻫﺪﺭﺍ ‪..‬ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻧﻤﻨﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺷﻜﻠﻪ ﺟﻤﻴﻞ ﻳﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺒﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻠﻨﺎ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺎﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻢ …ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ‪..‬ﻳﺘﺮﻗﺐ‬

‫‪..‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪ :‬ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻮﺭﻭﺛﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ‪..‬ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ‪..‬‬

‫ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﺨﻄﻒ ﻛﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﻳﺨﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺜﻌﻠﺐ ﻓﺮﻓﺮ‬

‫ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ‪..‬‬

‫‪..‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻱ … ﻻ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﻓﻮﻓﻮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ‪..‬ﺫﻫﺐ‬

‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺭﻓﺾ ‪ ..‬ﺻﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ‪..‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ …ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ‪ ..‬ﺍﻧﻘﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﻟﻴﺄﻛﻠﻪ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺷﻌﺮ‬

‫ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﺃﺻﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺳﻨﻌﻠﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﺄﻥ ﺧﻄﺮﺍ ﻳﺪﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ‪..‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪ ..‬ﻭﺟﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪ ..‬ﻫﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ‪..‬ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎﻥ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺭﺕ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺮﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺇﺻﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻗﺮﺭ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ ‪..‬ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﺷﻜﺮﺕ ﻓﺮﻓﺮ ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺑﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻭﺋﺎﻡ …‬

‫‪ ..‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﻘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﻣﺨﺎﻟﺒﻪ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﺧﺎﻑ ﻭﻫﺮﺏ ‪..‬ﻋﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﻓﻮﻓﻮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺧﻮﺗﻪ ﻓﺨﻮﺭﺍ ﺑﺄﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺣﺬﺭ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﺧﺠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ‪..‬ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻜﻮﺕ ﻷﺑﻴﻪ ‪ ..‬ﻗﺮﺭ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻬﺎﺟﻤﻪ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪..‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺨﺮﺝ ﻻ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺋﺐ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺰﻳﻨﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ‪..‬ﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺳﺘﻤﻨﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ‪..‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺭ ﻣﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻻ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺑﻴﻬﺎ ‪..‬‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪9‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺘﻌﺪﻯ ‪ ،٪٤‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ "ﺳﻨﻐﺎﺑﻮﺭﺓ"‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻲ "ﺳﻨﻐﺎ"‬ ‫ﻭ"ﺑﻮﺭﺍ" ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺴﻜﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻌﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫"ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺪ"‪.‬ﻭﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻜﺸﻔﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﻣﻄﺮﻱ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ "ﺳﺎﻧﻎ ﻧﻴﻼ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺗﺎﻣﺎ" )‪ (Sang Nila Utama‬ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺲ ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﺳﺪ ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫"ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺪ"‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻮﺩ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻌﺶ ﻗﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ‪،‬‬

‫ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺗﺎﻱ‪ ,‬ﻧﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻴﻤﺎﻙ‪ ,‬ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﻴﻠﻲ‪,‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺟﺎﺝ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺯ ﻫﻴﻨﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﺑﺦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻕ‪,‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٪٧٥‬ﻣﻦ‬

‫ُﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ]‪ ,[٥٦‬ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﺦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺜﻠﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬

‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ ،٪١٥‬ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻨﻮﺩ ‪ .٪٧‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﻤﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ١٩٦٠‬ﻡ‪،‬‬

‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ‪ ,‬ﺻﻴﻨﻲ‪,‬‬

‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺨﻔﺾ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻟﻴﺪ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺪﻱ‪ ,‬ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ‪ ,‬ﺇﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﻲ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﻴﻠﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﻱ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬

‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﺳﻲ ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﺤﺪﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﻮﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺤﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﺪﺭﻳﻦ(‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﺗﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ‬

‫ُﻗ ِّﺪﺭ‬

‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺸﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺣﺎﻟ ًﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻧﺠﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔﻠﻴﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻴﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ ‪ ٪٢٣‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ‪ً ١٥‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬

‫ﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪٢٠٠٠‬‬

‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻻﻣﻴﺮ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻧﻤﺮﺍ‪[٢١].‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺪ "ﻣﻴﺮﻟﻴﻮﻥ" )‪ ،(Merlion‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺒﺚ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬

‫ﺑﺠﺴﺪ ﺳﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻹﺫﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺒﻼﺩ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ١٩٨٦‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻋﺮﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻠﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ً‬

‫‪ ٦١١٢‬ﻧﺴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ‬

‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬

‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ‬

‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺻﻔﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻱ‬

‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ – ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪,‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺻﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﻫﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻛﻴﺴﺘﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬

‫ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ ٪٤٢‬ﻣﻦ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻭﻓﺼﻞ‬

‫ﻋﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ]‪ ,[٥٥][٥٤‬ﻭﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬

‫ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ‪٣,٧٧٧,٠٠٠‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫‪،٪١,٩‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪11‬‬

‫‪12‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﺍﳴﺴﻤــﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺐ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺧﺸﺒﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺫﻭ ﺭﺃﺱ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻕ‪ ,‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻄﺮﻗﺔ‪ ,‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻮﻻﺫ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪ ١١٠٠‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺐ‬

‫ﺍﻟــﺰﺋﺒــﻖ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻓﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﺽ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺰ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻨﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻱ ﻳﺮﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ١٥٠٠‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻩ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﺘﺰﺝ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻧﻚ ﻓﻴﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺷﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﻐﻤﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺋﺮ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﺭﻣﺰﻩ > < ‪ .Hg‬ﺭﻗﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻱ‬ ‫‪ .٨٠‬ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻱ ‪ .٢٠٠,٦‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭﻩ ‪٣٨,٨٧‬‬ ‫ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻪ ‪ ٣٥٦,٩‬ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ‪ .١٣,٥‬ﺗﻜﺎﻓﺆﻩ‪ .٢ ;١ :‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﺰﺋﺒﻘﻲ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺯﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ ,‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻭﻣﺘﺮﺍﺕ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺼﻠﻲ ‪ bulbous‬ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ‪ perennial‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺲ >ﻟﻴﻠﻴﻮﻡ<‪ Lilium‬ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺒﻘﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ .Liliaceae‬ﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺪﻟﺔ ﻭﺷﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﺯﻫﺮﺍﺗﻪ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ funnel shaped‬ﺃﻭ ﺟﺮﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫‪ ,bell - shaped‬ﻋﻄﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ‪ ,‬ﺣﻤﺮﺍﺀ‪ ,‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪ ,‬ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﺃﻭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ,‬ﺗﻮﺷﺤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻊ ﺩﺍﻛﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍ‪ ,‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺌﺔ ﻧﻮﻉ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟـــﺰﺍﻭﻳـــــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‪ ,‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ‪ ,‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻧﺎﺷﻰﺀ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﻦ ﺿﻠﻌﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺪﺭ ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ‪٣٦٠/١‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﺿﻠﻌﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺳﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪ ٩٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺩﻋﻴﺖ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪ .right angle‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ٩٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﺘﺪﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺟﺔ ‪ ,obtuse angle‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ ٩٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺪﻋﻰ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﺩﺓ ‪ .acute angle‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪ ٩٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺩﻋﻴﺘﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻣﺘﻴﻦ ‪complementary‬‬ ‫‪angles‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻬﻤﺎ ‪ ١٨٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺩﻋﻴﺘﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺘﻴﻦ ‪ .supplementary angles‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪13‬‬

‫‪14‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﻭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻨﻲ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ(‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﺼﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺮﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺟﺴﺎﻣﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺆﺩﻱ ‪ LDL‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺟﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺼﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﻳﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺧﻠﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻓﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻨﻊ ﻋﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎ‬

‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩ ﻟﻸﻛﺴﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﻫﺸﺔ‪.‬‬‫ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺼ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻭﻋﺼﻴﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ‪ C‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ‪،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺆﻣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻳﻀﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ ‪،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻨﺼﺢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﻳﻘﻠﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻻﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻭﺧﻔﺾ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻌﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﻬﻮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺍﻹﻣﺴﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻲ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻀﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬

‫ﻭﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ‪.،‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﻤﻨﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻠﻞ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ)‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ‬

‫ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻏﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻳﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺟﻴﺪ ﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻦ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻠﻞ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺗﻨﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﺰﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ‬‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻟﻸﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻟﺸﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﻮ‪.‬‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻧﻌﻄﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ‪ .‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﺬﻳﺬ ﻭﻣﻐﺬ‪.‬‬

‫ ﺷﺮﺏ ﻛﻮﺏ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ‬‫ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻳﺒﻘﻲ ﻣﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺎﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ‬

‫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﺰﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻱ ﻋﻨﻚ‪.‬‬‫ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺻﺤﻲ ﺃﺧﺮ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﺰﺝ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻓﺲ‬

‫ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﻮﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻭﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﻻﺧﻀﺮ ﻳﺨﻔﺾ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺰﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻮﻛﻮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﺤﻮﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍ ‪ :‬ﻓﻜﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ١١٠‬ﺳﻌﺮﺓ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺣﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪LDL‬ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪16‬‬

‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪٢٠١٣-‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬

‫ﻟـــﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻨــﺎ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺧﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻳﻤﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺳﻨﺎﻧﻪ‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛﻪ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ ﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻛ‪ ‬ﺑﻠﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﳴﺤﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻴﻨﺰﻭﻳﻼ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺪﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐ‪‬ﺓ‬

‫‪١‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﳲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻛﺜ‪‬ﺓ ﻳﻀﺮﺱ ﺑﺄﻧﻴﺎﺏ ﻭﻳﻮﻃﺄ ﺑﻤﻨﺴﻢ ؟‬

‫‪٢‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨ‪‬ﻉ ﺟﺮﺛﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻔﻮﺋﻴﺪ ؟‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳴﺮﺟﺎﻥ ؟‬

‫‪٤‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﺳﺲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ؟‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫* ﺯﻫ‪ ‬ﺑﻦ ﺍﺑﻲ ﺳﻠﻤﻰ‬ ‫* ﺍﺑﺮﺕ‬ ‫* ﳲ ﺑﺤﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﻓﺌﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﳴﺎﺀ‬ ‫* ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﳴﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟـﻤﺘـﺎﻫـﺔ‬

‫‪issue(41)Jul-2013‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪17‬‬

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