مجلة فيلي الصغير - العدد 50

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻦ‬

‫‪faily‬‬ ‫‪kids‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺷﻔﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬

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‫‪faily kids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺷﻔﻖ ﻟﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﻼﻡ ﻟﻠﻜﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻴﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﻴﺘًﺎ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ًﺍ ﺃﺳﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻼﻡ‪ ..‬ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻳﻨﺎﻡ‪ ..‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻭﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻡ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ‪ ..‬ﺗﻨﻘﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ..‬ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ﻳﺒﺘﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‪ ..‬ﻭ ٌ‬ ‫ﺣﺰﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ..‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﺣﻼﻣﻲ‪ ..‬ﻗﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻳﺎﻡ‪ ..‬ﺳﺄﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ‪ ..‬ﺳﺄﻟﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺣﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ..‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‪ ..‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﺍﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻴﺮ‪ ..‬ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‪ ..‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﺍﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺭﺵ‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻃﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩ ﻭﻛﺴﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ١٨٧٩‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺑﻠﻮﻣﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﺯﺩ ﺭﺍﺳﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻃﻼﻝ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮﻳﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻮﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ ‪،‬‬ ‫ُﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﻮﺭﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﻼﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻘﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﺔ ﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻧﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ﺛﻢ ﻋﻮﺩﺗﻬﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

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‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﻣـــــــــــــــﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫)ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،(Mulan :‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻧﺘﺠﺘﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺰﻧﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ ،١٩٩٨‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺆﺳﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺻﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻣﻮﻻﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺰﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺛﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﻣﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺪ ًﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﻟﻜﺒﺮ ﺳﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺘﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺣﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﻨﻴﻦ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺭﻱ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺮﺻﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﻚ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺏ ﺃﻧﻘﺬﺕ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ُﺟﺮﺣﺖ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺩ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﻋﻔﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻹﻧﻘﺎﺫﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺣﻴﺎ ﺗﻪ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻬﺎﺟﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻳﺨﻄﻄﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻻ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻳﺼﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻫﻠﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺬﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬

‫ﻣﻌﻬﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻃﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓ ًﺎ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺛﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺑﻞ ﻭﺛﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻻﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻭﻳﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺟﺰﺀ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺤﻜﻰ ﻣﻬﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻪ ﻛﻠﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻣﺒﺮﺍﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺎﻧﺞ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺣﺮﺍﺳﻪ ﺍﻷﻣﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

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‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺿﻴﻔﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺯﺍﻫﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺏ ﺗﺒﻴﺖ‬

‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ!ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻞ ؟ ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ‬

‫ﺑﻤﻨﻘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﺐ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺻﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﺎﻧﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻌ ًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻟﻴ ً‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻄﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺏ ﻳﻄﻴﺮ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﺘﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﺇﻧﻲ ﻛﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺣﺐ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻌﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﻓﺌﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪.‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﺩﻋﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻀﻮﻟﻲ ﻷﺳﺄﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬

‫ﺻﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﻟﻢ ﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ؟ ﺃﺧﺒﺮﺗﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ َ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﻴﺮ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴ ًﺎ‪.‬ﻣﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﻜﻢ‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺕ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻮﻱ‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻌﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ؟ ﺇﺫﺍً‬

‫ﻣﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬ﻭ ﺃﺳﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﺘﻔﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳﺤﺎﻭﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺠﺴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﺳﺄﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻛﺴﺮﻩ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻄﺮﻗﺔ‪.‬ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬

‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﺳﻢ‬

‫ﻓﻄﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ ٤٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻭﻭﺯﻧﻬﺎ ‪ ٣‬ﻛﻎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ‬

‫ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺣﻤﺎﻡ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻜﻢ ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻲ؟ ﺗﺒﻨﻲ ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻟﺠﻠﺐ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻬﻢ‪.‬ﻭﻟﻸﺳﻒ ﺃﺣﺒﺘﻲ ﻓﺤﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺷﺮﻕ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻗﺰﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺭﻳﺸﻬﺎ ﺃﺧﻀﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﺸﺎﺷﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬

‫ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﺃﺗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰﺭ‬

‫ﻭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺟﻞ ﺣﻤﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺫﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻗﺼﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻀﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬

‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪﺍﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻔﻘﺲ ﻟﻴﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺧ ًﺎ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺭﺡ ﻭ ﻳﺤﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﺻﻄﻴﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻋﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺃﻛﻠﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺼﻄﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ‬

‫ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺃﻳﻀ ًﺎ‪.‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰﺭ ﺃﺑﺎﻧﺪﺍﻣﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻏﻴﻨﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﻤﺎ ًﻻ‬

‫ﺫﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺒﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺆﻫ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺏ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺘﻰ‬

‫ﻧﻴﻜﻮﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬

‫ﺭﺃﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺖ ﻗﺎﺋﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺗﻐﺬﻱ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺟﻴﺪﺍً ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﺒﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﻛﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺟﻴﺪﺍً‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﺪﺅﻭﺍ ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺣﺎﻟﻴ ًﺎ ﻣﻬﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﻘﺮﺍﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺤﺎﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻳﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻗﻔﺎﺹ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﺮﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺤﺐ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻳﺸﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﻳﻀ ًﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

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‫ﻗﺼﺔ ﻭﻋ‪‬ﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﻴﻘﺔ‬

‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺿ ﱢﻴ ٌﻖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻠﻮﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻭ ًﻻ ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﺮﻑ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ِﺿﻴﺎﻓ ِﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻜﻴ ًﻨﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺗﺔ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻲ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﺗﻲ )ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭ(‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ً‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻪ )ﻣ ﱠﻴﺎﺳﺔ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻮﻑ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﻖ ﺷﻘﻴﻘﻲ )ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ ﻭﺟ َﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻨﺎ َﺀ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺯﻫﻮﺭﻫﺎ ُﺗ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻨﻈﻔﻪ ﻭ َﺗﺴﻘﻴﻪ‪.‬ﺳﺄﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻋﺔ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑﻲ؟! ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺷﻘﻴﻘﺘﻲ )ﺯﻣﺰﻡ(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ُﻣ ً‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺷﺮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺠﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻫﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺰﺩﺍﻧﺔ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺮﻑ َ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ ُ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ُ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻕ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫؟!ﺃﻣﺎ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻮﻑ ّ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭ َ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻧﺪﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻓﺮ ﱠﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘ ُﺘﻬﺎ )ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭ( ﻋﻦ ِ‬

‫َ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﻤﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﻓﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ُﺣﻠﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ َ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ؟!ﺍﺷﺘﻘﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺇﱠ‬ ‫ﻻ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺮﻍ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺃﺻ ﱠﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺧﻔﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﻟﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺮ َﺓ ﻋﻴﻨﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ٌ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﺮﺳ ﱢﻴﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻧﻘﺖ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻭﻗ ﱠﺒﻠ ُﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺄﻟ ُﺘﻪ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺩﻫﺸﺘﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﱢ‬

‫ﻇﺮ ًﻓﺎ ﻛﺒﻴ ًﺮﺍ ً‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻴﻘﺎ ُﻃ ْ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑﻲ؟‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻃﻔﺎﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﺘﺎ ًﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺑﻤﺮﺡ ﻭﺩﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﻓﻌ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ُﺃﺣ ﱢﻠ ُﻖ ﺍﻵﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺎﺩ ﺃﻃﻴ ُﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺗﺨ ﱠﻴ ُﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴ ًﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﺟﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻨﺎﺣ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﺃﺩﻫﺸﻨﺎ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺻﺒﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺔ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺄ ًﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻔﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺋﻊ ﱠ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫َ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻲ ﺑﺼﻮ ِﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﻋﻴﻪ ﻭﻗ ﱠﺒﻠﻨﻲ ﻛﺜﻴ ًﺮﺍ‪،‬‬

‫ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺻﺪﻳﻘ ِﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬ﺗﺮ ﱠﺩﺩﺕ )ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭ( ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻞ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ )ﻣ ﱠﻴﺎﺳﺔ( ﺑﺬﻛﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ )ﻣ ﱠﻴﺎﺳﺔ(‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬

‫ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎ َﺭ ﺻﺪﻳﻘ ِﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﻭﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺠﻤﻴ ِﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤ ﱢﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻜﺘﺒ ِﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ٍﺓ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﺍﻭﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ِﺓ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢ َ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﻷﻣﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺻﻼ ِﺓ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺭﺕ ﻳﺎ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻗ ﱠﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻛﻮﺏ ﺷﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺖ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺛﻢ َ‬ ‫ﺿﺎﺣﻜﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﺑﺪ ًﻻ ﻋﻨﻚ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﱠﻴﺎ ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻌﻲ‪.‬ﺳﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺃﻋﺪﺩ ُﺗﻪ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﻘﻴﻘﻲ َ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻒ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺎﺩﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﻣﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ﻭﺩﻣﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‪.‬ﺳﻜﺘﺖ )ﻣ ﱠﻴﺎﺳﺔ(‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻧﻘ ْﺘﻬﺎ ﺻﺪﻳﻘ ُﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻸﻷ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﺛﺖ‬ ‫)ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺒﺮﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ َﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺙ ﻭﺻﻔﻘﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺮﺣﺖ ﺃﺳﺮ ُﺓ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴ ًﺮﺍ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ ِﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪ ِﺓ )ﻣ ﱠﻴﺎﺳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻲ ﻗﺎﺋ ً‬ ‫ﻼ‪:‬‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻳﺔ ﺧﺎﺻ ٌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻞ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺃﻳﻘﻈﻨﺎ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻛﻌﺎﺩ ِﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻛ ًﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻮﺩ ِﺗﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺃﻣﻲ ﺯﻏﺮﻭﺩ ًﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮ ٍﻥ ﺭﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻨﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﱢ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮ ًﺓ ﻭﻋﺎﻧﻘﺘﻨﻲ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻲ ﻭﺣﻤﻠﻮﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺘﺎ ِﻓﻬﻢ‬

‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ؛ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ُ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﻟﻤﺪﻯ ٍ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﺳﻜﺖ ﻗﻠﻴ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺳﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻛﺜﻴ ًﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻫﺪﻳ ٌﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﺒﻨﺘﻲ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺴ ُﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺐ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪9‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﻛﻮﺑﺎ‬

‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ١٩٥٧‬ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻼﺀ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ‪٨٠‬‬ ‫‪ً ٪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻸﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺑﻲ‪:‬ﻭﺟﺒﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺤﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﻭﻡ‬ ‫)ﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻓﻴﺠﺎ( ﻓﻲ ﺻﻠﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻮﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪:‬ﻣﻨﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍ ًﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ )ﻣﻊ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﻔﺎ ًﻓﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‪ /‬ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪ /‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻄ ًﺮﺍ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻮ‬ ‫‪ /‬ﺃﻳﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‪ /‬ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ .‬ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ‪ ٢١‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ‪ /‬ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ‪٢٧‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻤﻮﺯ ‪ /‬ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ‪ .‬ﺩﻑﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﻳﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻚ ﻳﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻸﻋﺎﺻﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﻐﻠﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺎﺻﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻳﻠﻮﻝ ‪ /‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ﻭﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺯ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻛﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻠﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‪:‬ﺃﻧﺘﺠﺖ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻴﻤﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺩﺏ "ﺧﻮﺳﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺭﺗﻲ"‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺎﺩ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺍﺛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺑﻲ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻜﻮﻻﺱ ﻏﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺧﻮﺳﻴﻪ ﺗﺎﻟﻴﺖ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻛﺰﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺴﻲ ﻣﺎﺭﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻳﻨﺎﺯ ﻭﺧﻮﺳﻴﻪ ﻟﻴﺰﺍﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﻤﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺆﺛ ًﺮﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﺴﻲ ﻣﻴﻐﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﻧﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫"ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻳﺤﻠﻢ ﺑﻜﻮﺑﺎ" ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺂﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ‪ /‬ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪:‬ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻜﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﻢ "ﻛﻮﺑﺎ" ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺗﺎﻳﻨﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻫﺎﻳﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ‬

‫ﻭﺟﺎﻣﺎﻳﻜﺎ ﻭﺟﺰﺭ ﻛﺎﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺏ ﻭﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍً ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻚ‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﻣﺎ "ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺒﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‪ .‬ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺎﻃﺔ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻊ‬

‫ﻭﻓﻴﺮﺓ" )ﻛﻮﺑﺎﻭ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ "ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ" )ﻛﻮﺍﺑﺎﻧﺎ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ‪ :‬ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻮﺭﺍﺩﻭﺱ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ‪:‬ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻷﻃﻠﺴﻲ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺑﺎﻧﺎ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻣﺎﻏﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﻷﻃﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺭﺩﻳﻨﺰ ﺩﻱ ﻻ ﺭﻳﻴﻨﺎ ﻗﺒﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺭﻳﻮﺱ ﻗﺒﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﻳﺮ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻛﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻴﻜﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻭ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ ﺃﻳﻀ ًﺎ ﺧﺎﻣﺲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻟﻠﻜﻮﺑﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻜﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻳﻘﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‪:‬ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﻮﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻫﺎﻓﺎﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .١٧٢٨‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ‬

‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪11‬‬

‫‪12‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﺍﳴﺤﺮﺍﺙ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ >ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺜﻮﺱ< ‪ Dianthus‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﻔﻠﻴﺎﺕ ‪.Caryophyllaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻃﻨﻪ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻘﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭﻩ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺡ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫‪Dianthus Caryophyllus‬‬

‫ﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺘﺠﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻘﻮﻓﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻳﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺴﺎﻭﻕ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﻮ )ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ( ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺯﺧﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺗﺮﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺻﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ )ﺭﺍ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ(‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺛﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺑﺈﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻜﻲ ﺧﻮﺳﻴﻪ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺯﻛﻮ )‪١٨٨٣‬‬ ‫‪(١٩٤٩ -‬‬

‫ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻣﻌﺪﺓ ﻟﺸﻖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﺛﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻓﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻲ‪ ,‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻏﺼﻦ ﻳﺎﺑﺲ ﻣﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻲ ﻓﺄﺻﺒﺢ ﺧﺸﺒﻴﺎ‪ ,‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ,‬ﺫﺍ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻴﻔﺔ; ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻳﺚ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻼﺕ‪ ,‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺩﻯﺀ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ,‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺠﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺍﺙ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻼﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺍﺙ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺟﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻳﻨﺰﻟﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﺭﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺧﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺎﺳﻴﻦ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺪ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ‪ Coefficient of Friction‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‪,‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪ ,‬ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻻﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪ ,‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪ ,‬ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺴﻨﺎ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻳﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻻﻕ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﻀﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻵﻻﺕ ﺧﺸﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﻌﻒ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﻌﺠﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

‫‪13‬‬

‫‪14‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﻭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﻮﻣﻴﺮﻭﺱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ‬

‫ﺗﻠﻌﺐ‬

‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﻭﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺎﻭﺳﻴﻜﺎ)‪(Nausicaa‬ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﻣﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻓﺘﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺭﺁﻫﺎ ﺃﻭﺩﻳﺴﻴﻮﺱ‬

‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬

‫)‪(Homer‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬

‫)‪(Odysseus‬‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬

‫‪beallu,‬‬

‫‪—-a, -e‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ‪bealluc,‬‬ ‫‪ (.ballock‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫‪،ball-e, -es‬‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪ُ ) böllr‬ﻧﻄﻘﺖ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ )ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‪IPA-non:‬؛‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪baller‬‬

‫ﻛﺮﺓ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ‪ foll-is‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ "ﺷﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺦ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺘﻀﺨﻢ‪".‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺃﺭﺽ‬

‫)‪(Phaeacians‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺓ‬

‫)‪(sphaeristerium‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ )‪.(thermae‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﺴﻴﺎﻧﺲ‬

‫ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺃﺣﺠﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﻜﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺑﻴﻼ )‪،(pila‬‬

‫)ﺃﻭﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ‪.(١٠٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻣﺎﺀ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺍ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﺟﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ‬ ‫)‪ (paganica‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺛﻘﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺸﻮﺓ‬

‫ﻭﻓﻮﻟﻴﺰ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻳﺶ‬

‫)‪ (Follis‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺟﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻠﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ُﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻻﻋﺐ ﻵﺧﺮ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﺳ ُﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪ (boll‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻧﺒﺬﺓ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ً‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﻗﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪) ballu-z‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ‬

‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺮﺗﺪﻱ ً‬

‫ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺫﺭﺍﻋﻪ‪ .‬ﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ُﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬

‫ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻔﺨﺔ(‬

‫‪ball-es‬‬

‫ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺓ )‪ (ball‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪١٢٠٥‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ‪Laȝamon’s Brut, or‬‬ ‫‪ Chronicle of Britain‬ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫"‪Summe heo driuen balles‬‬ ‫‪”.wide ȝeond Þa feldes‬‬ ‫ﺍﺷ ُﺘﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‬

‫‪bal‬‬

‫)ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‬

‫‪،bal,‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻟﻨﺪﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ‪ bal) cognate‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪ballo,‬‬ ‫‪ ،pallo‬ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪ balle‬ﺍﻟﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫*‪) ballon‬ﻣﺬﻛﺮ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪ballâ,‬‬ ‫‪ ،pallâ‬ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ‪ balle‬ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ *‪) ballôn‬ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻢ ُﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻷﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪) .‬ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺪﺍ ﺑﺪﻧ ًﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺮﺓ‬

‫ﻟﻠﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ً‬

‫ﻻ‬

‫ﻳﺮﻭﻕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﻟـﺎﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬

‫ﻓﻘﻂ‪،‬‬

‫ً‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻟـﺎﻟﻘﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ‪ُ .‬ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺑـﺘﺮﺍﻳﺠﻮﻥ )‪ ،(trigon‬ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻻﻋﺒﻴﻦ ﻳﻘﻔﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﺚ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻮﻟﻴﺰ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ُﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﺎﺭﺑﺴﺘﻢ )‪،(harpastum‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻭ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ "ﻣﺸﺎﺟﺮﺓ" ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﻣﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻌﺐ ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ‬

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‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

‫‪faily kids‬‬

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‫ﻟـــﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻨــﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ ‪-‬ﻧﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪٢٠١٤-‬‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻤﺘـﺎﻫـﺔ‬

‫ﻻ ﺗﻀﻊ ﺍﻧﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻂ ﺑﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﳲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻭﳳ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻐﺮ ﺍﻥ ﻳﻘﻔﺰ ﺃﻭﳳ ﻗﻔﺰﺍﺗﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺰ ﺑﺬﻳﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻠﺜﻲ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺫﻧﺠﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﳲ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﻧﻴﻮﺟ‪‬ﺯﻱ ﺍﻻﻣ‪‬ﻛﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻝ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺤﺒﻂ ﺍﻻﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻜﻼﻣﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺗﻌﻴﺴﻪ ﻓﻐ‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻻﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺅﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﺖ‬ ‫‪issue(50)Apr-2014‬‬

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