THE ONLY MAGAZINE FOR STUDENT & APPRENTICE ELECTRICIANS
WINTER 2022
PLATINUM SPONSOR 2022
LE ARNER
OF THE YEAR
2022
THE FUTURE IS YOURS
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WELCOME | SPARKS
EDITOR’S NOTE
Welcome back!
I
t’s a brand-new year and a great time to recharge and make those positive changes that will help keep you focused and motivated.
We’re excited to be kicking off 2022 with the SPARKS Learner of the Year competition. If you haven’t entered this year, then why not follow the regional heats across our social media channels, and make sure to enter in 2023. It’s free and a great way to boost your career and meet other electrical students. Good luck to everyone taking part! In this issue, Electrical Lecturer Lewis Blakemore from Wigan and Leigh College, introduces our featured sections, and check out the amazing competition from Schneider Electric on page 21! As always, we’ve included plenty of useful tips and content to support your learning.
Sarah Editor
SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE
EDITOR: SARAH EDWARDS sarah.edwards@sng-publishing.co.uk MANAGING EDITOR: CELIA MATTHEWS celia.matthews@sng-publishing.co.uk DIGITAL EDITOR: ALEX SOUTH alex.south@sng-publishing.co.uk SENIOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER: LEE OWEN design@sng-publishing.co.uk BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER: PATRICK BLORE patrick.blore@sng-publishing.co.uk BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER: HEATHER THORP heather.thorp@sng-publishing.co.uk OPERATIONS MANAGER: EMILY HILTON emily.hilton@sng-publishing.co.uk MANAGING DIRECTOR: ZOË TANNER zoe.tanner@sng-publishing.co.uk TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTORS: Mike Davies, Lewis Blakemore PRINTERS: Stephens & George, Wales
DISCLAIMER SPARKS Magazine is published by SNG Publishing Ltd (SNG). All content and artwork is © SNG Publishing Ltd or its contributors and SNG is a trade mark of SNG Publishing Ltd. No part of SPARKS Magazine may be copied, transmitted or published in any form or by any means without prior permission. Although SNG has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it does not verify any claims or other information appearing in the advertisements contained in SPARKS Magazine. It therefore cannot accept any responsibility whatsoever for consequences that may arise from the content or artwork contained in SPARKS Magazine, including any errors or omissions or any opinions or advice given therein. This publication and its content is not a substitute for professional advice on a particular matter. Advertisements are accepted for publication in SPARKS Magazine only upon SNG Publishing Ltd standard terms of advertising.
GENERAL ENQUIRIES To subscribe to SPARKS Magazine call 0121 606 3016 or subscribe online at www.SPARKS-magazine.co.uk
CONTENTS
10
FEATURES 03
EDITOR’S NOTE
05
SOCIAL MEDIA
06
SPARKS LEARNER OF THE YEAR 2022
08
THIS OR THAT?
09
FEATURE: POWER TOOLS
10
LIGHTWEIGHT AND COMPACT WITH DEWALT
11
TOP 5 TOOLS WITH THOMAS WESTBROOK
13
INTERVIEW WITH LUKE WALKER
14
AM2 WITH NET
15
FEATURE: ELECTRIC HEATING
16
THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIFIED HEATING WITH THE IET
19
20 QUESTIONS WITH DANNY WEBB
20
LED FLOODLIGHTS WITH LUCECO LIGHTING
21
COMPETITION: SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
22
PERSON PROFILE WITH ANDY HIDER, ESG
24
EV TRAINING WITH GTEC
26
CAREER SUPPORT WITH SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
28
WHAT’S IN MY TOOL BAG? MAT THOMAS
31
FEATURE: VENTILATION
32
VENTILATION WITH VENT-AXIA & THE RVA
34
SPECIAL REPORT: ANSELL LIGHTING
36
EPIC FAIL
38
SPOT THE DIFFERENCE
EXERCISES WITH MIKE DAVIES 40
SPECIAL LOCATIONS
43
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT PROTECTION
45
HAND TOOLS
46
ELECTRICAL SCIENCE & PRINCIPALS
47
ELECTRO-TECHNICAL SCIENCE QUIZ: BASIC ELECTRONICS
48
ELECTRICAL SCIENCE
49
ELECTRO-TECHNICAL SCIENCE QUIZ
16
26
28
32
36
© SNG Publishing Ltd, 2022
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ON TOP OF YOUR GAME At the end of your apprenticeship you’ll need to complete the AM2 or AM2S Assessment before you can become fully qualified.
WHAT IS THIS? It’s an in-depth assessment where you have to carry out specific tasks to show what you have learned during your apprenticeship.
BE PREPARED! NET has a Self-Assessment Checklist so you can look at exactly what you need to do and make sure you have gained the right knowledge and practical experience. The AM2/AM2S is the pinnacle of everything you’ve learnt during your apprenticeship. So why not be proud of your skills and training and make it your mission to pass first time?
Ask your training provider about the AM2 or AM2S Checklist or find out more at
www.netservices.org.uk/candidate-guidance
SOCIAL MEDIA | SPARKS
Whether you’re looking to set-up your own business or simply showcase your electrical skills it’s essential to stay on top digitally and across social media.
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DIGITAL PRESENCE
Make sure that you have a website and an online presence. A simple website combining the features below will act as the foundation for your business and a channel for you to reach new customers.
IMAGES
When working on a job make sure you take a good quality photo of your handywork so that you can advertise it across social media and include it on your website.
SOCIAL MEDIA
Create separate accounts for your business across all platforms so that customers know exactly who they’re reaching out to. Separating your accounts will create a positive and professional image to both new and existing customers, whilst giving you a separate space to promote your business.
CONTACT
Make sure the contact information on your website and social media is easily accessible for customers. Include a professional email address, social media handles and telephone numbers. For social media use in-app features to register your email address, contact number and web address to cover all bases.
96%
of small UK businesses use social media to help promote their business and reach new customers (Social Media Examiner, 2017).
41%
of local businesses depend on social media to increase revenue (eMarketer, 2016).
¼
Online purchases represent more than a quarter of all UK retail sales (Office for National Statistics, 2021).
“STAY CONNECTED”
USEFUL RESOURCES Neil Patel, Brian Dean, Simplilearn
r/socialmedia, r/socialmediamarketing, r/smallbusiness
@garyvee, @grantcardone, @entrepreneur
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SPARKS | LOY 2022
THE SEARCH IS ON! We’re excited to let you know that the next stage of finding the SPARKS Learner of the Year 2022 is underway. During January and February we will be travelling across six regions of England and Wales in search of the best up-and-coming industry talent.
LOY 2022
WHERE & WHEN? 06
LE ARNER
OF THE YEAR
2022
REGIONAL HEATS
Wales - Coleg Gwent, 1st March 2022
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South West Bridgwater & Taunton College, 18th January 2022
LOY 2022 | SPARKS
OUR AWESOME SPONSORS Alongside the prestige for both the winning student and winning college, there are fantastic prizes worth up to £10,000 up for grabs. Our sponsors are, like us, dedicated to supporting and nurturing the next generation of industry talent. A huge shout out to:
The winners of the regional heats will then go on to compete at the grand final.
“GOOD LUCK TO ALL THOSE TAKING PART – WE’LL SEE YOU SOON!”
North East - New College Durham, 1st February 2022
North West - Wigan & Leigh College, 3rd February 2022
Official Tool Sponsor
GRAND FINAL
The winners of the regional heats will then go on to compete at the grand final on 27th-28th April 2022 at Schneider Electric’s state-ofthe-art Innovation Hub in Coventry.
Midlands Stephenson College, 22nd February 2022
South East Farnborough College of Technology, Aldershot Campus, 17th February 2022
To keep up-to-date with how the competitors are progressing and all the latest news, check out our website www.sparks-magazine.co.uk and follow us on any of our social media platforms.
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SPARKS | THIS OR THAT?
Ever wondered how you compare to other electricians with your on-site preferences? We took to Instagram to find out what the majority prefers in a game of This or That? Which would you choose?
THIS OR THAT? REPLACE A CONSUMER UNIT
71%
INSTALL SOCKETS
74%
INSTALL INDOOR LIGHTING
64%
APPRENTICESHIP
80%
GOOD AT ALL ELECTRICAL JOBS
73%
89%
ELECTRICAL MEMES
40%
SILENTLY WATCHES
41%
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VS
VS
VS
VS
VS
VS
VS
VS
REWIRE A ROOM
29%
INSTALL SMOKE ALARM
26%
INSTALL OUTDOOR LIGHTING
36%
FAST-TRACK COURSE
20%
EXPERT IN ONE FIELD
27%
11%
ELECTRICAL FAILS
60%
HUNDREDS OF QUESTIONS
59%
FEATURE: TOOLS | SPARKS
LEWIS BLAKEMORE
Look at this video by Electrician U, looking at the electrician's essential power tools
SCAN THE QR CODE
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Electrical Lecturer Wigan and Leigh College
Power tools are an important element to any electrician’s tool kit. The most-used power tools for electricians are saws, impact drivers and drills. The type of tool needed varies with the application and project the electrician is working on - what is essential for one electrician is not necessarily needed by all.
QUIZ
1. What check should you perform on power tools before their use? Answer:
2. What is the golden rule for the use of tools? Answer:
TOP TIP
When deciding to buy power tools, there are a number of factors to consider - quality of build, battery life/ charging times, price and weight to name but a few. Always remember to buy good quality tools that suit your needs.
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
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SPARKS | FEATURE: TOOLS
LIGHTWEIGHT AND COMPACT As electricians are often working overhead and need compact and lightweight tools, we spoke to DEWALT about their new compact band saw. Holding heavy tools overhead for extended periods of time can put a real strain on your muscles. The DCS377 has been specifically designed for electrical applications to help reduce fatigue when cutting conduit and strut.
■ Creates few or no sparks when cutting metal
■ Ideally suited for cutting lengths of metal, including threaded rod, unistrut and steel pipework
■ 46mm cut capacity allows great versatility
■ Designed for one-handed use, the unit is well balanced and easy to handle in all orientations, including overhead
■ Variable Speed Dial gives you complete control across a variety of materials and applications
■ Smooth cuts leave surfaces burr-free.
“THIS GIVES YOU COMPLETE CONTROL IN A LIGHTWEIGHT PACKAGE” TOP TIP
Band saws offer a cleaner, faster cut than a reciprocating saw and are also far more compact.
For more information visit: www.dewalt.co.uk
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FEATURE: TOOLS | SPARKS
TOP 5 ESSENTIAL TOOLS WITH THOMAS WESTBROOK @tmw.sparky
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MAKITA DRILL DRIVER
MILWAUKEE 18V SDS DRILL
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This is my most used power tool and a perfect first drill for any electrician. Compact and lightweight, quick and easy to change bits and, for me, does most of the jobs of my old combi and impact set in one drill.
MAKITA CIRCULAR SAW
DEWALT MULTI TOOL
This tool gets a lot more use than you might think for an electrician. I use it for cutting floorboards, noggins and making boards to mount my work on such as fuse boards, fans and drivers.
An essential for any power tool kit, the uses for this tool are endless - I use mine all the time. A word of warning though, don’t leave it standing up… sadly I learnt the hard way and have the scar to prove it.
Between chasing walls and drilling holes this will get plenty of use, especially when you’re an apprentice! For me, the fact that it’s cordless is essential as I’m always using it while the power is turned off and also when working outside.
MILWAUKEE M12 CUT OFF
A very versatile tool, this simply replaces my junior hacksaw for a lot of my work. I use it for plastic and metal trunking, cutting conduit and even SWA.
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It’s no secret that Sparks love their power tools! When you’re starting out it’s essential you choose the right ones so we asked Thomas Westbrook to help us put together a list of essential power tools for every new Spark’s tool bag.
When it comes to buying power tools go for quality over quantity even if it takes a little longer to build up your collection.
BOSCH PROFESSIONAL WORLD Immerse yourself in an interactive construction site In a digital-first world, customer experiences involving hands-on opportunities are always the most powerful, but due to the restrictions over the last 12 months, this has been quite tricky to achieve for power tool manufacturers. However, Bosch Professional have created something truly unique to get power tools in the hands of UK tradespeople. Bosch Professional Power Tools and Accessories are bringing back the opportunity to get up close and personal with their products - and you don’t even have to leave your sofa. Using the latest scanning technologies and innovative design platforms, it has built a fully immersive 3D world for you, its users, to connect to Bosch Professional in a way never seen before.
NEW
Bosch Professional users and power tool fans alike will have the opportunity to explore this online world and navigate between specific zones for Power Tools, Measuring Tools, and Accessories. In each zone it will be possible to interact with new and exciting products, learn more about their capabilities, and engage with a huge array of content designed to show the development process that goes into creating each tool to suit the needs of tradespeople and make them more efficient in their work.
INTERVIEW | SPARKS
AKA LUKESPARKY
SPARKY SPOTLIGHT LUKE WALKER Luke Walker has been in the industry for 19 years. After leaving school with no exams he started an apprenticeship with a family friend. He worked while doing his key skills and qualifications then gained experience with two other companies before becoming self-employed four years ago. SPARKS MAGAZINE: Why did you decide on this trade?
SPARKS: Who has been the biggest influence on your career and why?
Luke Walker: Short answer is, I didn’t. I got offered the job after being expelled from an art and design course! I went for it and have never looked back.
LW: It’s got to be my kids. They make me want to push myself and be successful so I can make sure they’re always going to be ok.
SPARKS: What advice would you give someone just starting out?
SPARKS: What do you know now that you didn't know three years ago?
LW: Be prepared for a long hard road ahead. It’s hard graft but I strongly believe you get out of something what you’re prepared to put in so stick with it.
LW: That I should have worked for myself a long time ago.
SPARKS: What tool could you not do without? LW: I really like the Knipex ergo stripper, it’s an absolute game changer.
SPARKS: Has social media changed the sparky community? LW: Yes, and for the better. It’s a way of improving standards, sharing good work, hints, tips and new products brought into the industry.
SPARKS: How are you growing your business? LW: Always word of mouth. Treat someone’s home with respect and you’ll never be short of work. None of this smashing the place about - clean and professional is the way forward. SPARKS: Which bit of new technology are you most interested in?
TOP TIP
Never stop listening, never stop learning! You’re in an industry that is forever changing and evolving so you’ve got to be prepared to move with it or get left behind.
“ABSORB ABSOLUTELY EVERY BIT OF INFORMATION YOU POSSIBLY CAN, WHILE YOU CAN, BECAUSE ONE DAY YOU’LL BE ON YOUR OWN AND YOU’LL LOOK BACK ON YOUR APPRENTICESHIP AND BE THANKFUL YOU LISTENED”
LW: I live in a very rural area so I need to start getting into air source heat pumps. SPARKS: What skill does a good electrician need? LW: You need to be able to think on your feet and overcome any problem thrown at you.
@lukesparky
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SPARKS | AM2 – WHAT’S IT TO YOU?
AM2 – WHAT’S IT TO YOU? Did you know: at the end of your electrical apprenticeship you’ll need to take an assessment called the AM2 or AM2S* (or ‘FICA’ in Scotland), before you can become fully qualified? WHAT IS IT?
The AM2 and AM2S is an in-depth assessment where you have to carry out specific tasks to show what you have learned during your apprenticeship.
PREPARE, PREPARE, PREPARE!
“MAKE SURE YOU’RE PREPARED SO YOU GIVE YOURSELF THE BEST CHANCE OF SUCCESS”
Make sure you’re prepared so you give yourself the best chance of success. The NET website has a self-assessment checklist that lists everything you need to do. Don’t take the test until you are 100% ready.
WHAT HAPPENS IN THE TEST? The whole test is around 16 hours long, split over two and a half days, and it’s broken down into different sections such as installation, faultfinding, safe isolation and inspection and testing.
WHEN I PASS…?
Passing the assessment is one of the final pieces of the puzzle to completing your apprenticeship and becoming a fully qualified electrician.
MORE INFO
TOP TIP
Strict exam conditions are in place during the assessment - no electronic devices or getting help from anyone else. You’ll be monitored by an assessor who will be marking your work as the day progresses.
14
SCAN THE QR CODE
Check out this video
The NET website gives you much more information on the AM2 and AM2S, and explains each section in detail, the checklists, how to best prepare and what happens during the assessment.
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Use the NET website during the last few months of your apprenticeship, talk to your employer and training provider and make sure you’re comfortable with all areas of the test so you’re fully prepared before booking.
*Your college or training provider will tell you which assessment you’ll be taking: the AM2, or AM2S. This just depends on which type of apprenticeship you’re following and where in the UK you are. www.netservices.org.uk/candidate-guidance or in Scotland: www.fica.org.uk
ELECTRIC HEATING | SPARKS
Electrical Lecturer Wigan and Leigh College
Take a look at this video by Artisan Electrics looking in detail at all things that should be considered before installation.
SCAN THE QR CODE
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LEWIS BLAKEMORE
Electric heating is a system that uses electricity to generate heat rather than the traditional oil or gas. These systems are more efficient and offer more control. Electric heating options are infrared heating panels, heat pumps, storage heaters, electric radiators and electric boilers.
1. What is the function of a thermostat?
QUIZ
Answer:
TOP TIP
2. Describe what underfloor electric heating is. Answer:
More insulation is needed in homes that use electric heating. Since heat rises, it is important to have proper insulation in the attic, where a lot of heat loss occurs.
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
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SPARKS | ELECTRIC HEATING
THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIFIED HEATING With the era of fossil fuels in demise, and governments pushing for alternative means of energy to heat homes and buildings, we caught up with The IET for their take on the future of Electrified Heating.
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Ground source heat pumps
“THE PROPOSED BAN ON GAS BOILERS IS DRIVING THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES”
ELECTRIC HEATING | SPARKS
ELECTRIFIED HEATING
This is not an entirely new concept. In the past, heat for homes and buildings was produced by electrified heating systems, such as convection and electrical storage heaters. Gas central heating was becoming popular in the mid-1970s and in its prime throughout most of the 1980s and 1990s but we are now at a turning point. The proposed ban on gas boilers being installed in new properties is driving the development of new technologies to provide heat for homes and buildings using electricity in different ways.
AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
Ground source heat pumps work in a very similar way to air source heat pumps. The key difference is, you’ve probably guessed it, the refrigerant is passed through the ground instead of the air. Ground source heat pumps are slightly more effective than air source heat pumps, especially in winter when the temperature below the ground (even at 1-2 metres) can be reliably around 100C. The process of compressing the refrigerant, exchanging the heat from the refrigerant to air or water and circulating the heat around the home or building requires electrical energy and is therefore considered a form of electrified heating.
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For further reading, training and guidance check out
TOP TIP
When considering any form of electrified primary heating pay particular attention to regulation 132.16 before you start.
SCAN THE QR CODES
For more information visit: www.theiet.org
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When considering any form of electrified primary heating it must be designed and installed in accordance with BS 7671, with particular attention to regulation 132.16 before you start. Calculate the insulation properties of the rooms that are going to be heated. The R-value of the location must be taken into account for an efficient system.
R
Air source heat pumps
Electric underfloor heating Electric radiators Infrared Convection Storage heating.
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More common methods of electrified heating are still used and growing in popularity due to the increasing cost of fossil fuels. These are typically:
F
Air source heat pumps channel air from outside through tubes of refrigerant. The refrigerant turns from a liquid into gas. This gas is then passed through a compressor and is heated. The heated refrigerant then passes through a heat exchanger and is used to warm air or water that can be circulated around homes and buildings.
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
Studying for a career in the electrical industry?
Find out how the IET can help
As co-publisher of BS 7671 (IET Wiring Regulations), we have lots of information and guidance available to help you get into the electrical industry. From informative articles on different ways into industry and the most relevant qualifications, to videos designed to help de-mystify certain areas of the Wiring Regulations, our website is full of useful resources for electrical students, including: – – – –
Books for students, such as the Student’s Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations The Student’s Guide video series including topics such as Safe Isolation and Risk Assessment Wiring Matters magazine articles to help you with your studies A job profile bank detailing some of the many different career options available to you when you qualify
Visit theiet.org/elec-students to find out more The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is registered as a Charity in England and Wales (No. 211014) and Scotland (No. SC038698). The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Michael Faraday House, Six Hills Way, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2AY, United Kingdom.
20 QUESTIONS | SPARKS
2. Describe yourself in three words. Ambitious, positive, kind. 3. Biggest influence on your career? The E5 group, especially Paul Meehan. Their level of knowledge and standards drive me to try and be one of the best. 4. Favourite influencer? Not an influencer as such, but I love the Sparkies Electrical Club, the togetherness, 'making sparkies great!', love it! 5. Scariest thing you've ever done? Probably skiing down the French Alps alone in terrible weather conditions; the fear and adrenaline rush was an amazing feeling! 6. What's for lunch today? A roast with enough potatoes to put me into a carb coma. 7. Best part of your job? I love getting into an old, poorlyinstalled consumer unit that no longer meets regs. Making it safe and generally taking pride in making the tails and meter area look lovely and clean - I'll never leave a C3 code there. 8. Worst part of your job? 100% tidying away all your tools at the end of the day. You'll normally find even the smallest job empties the entire truck! 9. Coffee or tea? Tea every time! 10. Childhood dream job? I wanted to be Neil Armstrong.
AKA SPARKYMILAN
1. Favourite tool brand? CK all day for me. Old school are the best.
“I USE MY INSTAGRAM PAGE TO SHOW THAT WORKING IN A TRADE CAN BE A SUCCESSFUL CAREER CHOICE GIVEN THE RIGHT ATTITUDE”
20 QUESTIONS DANNY WEBB
@sparkymilan
Danny Webb, aka Sparkymilan, entered the trade in 2007 as an adult learner, after deciding to change his career. In 2018, he started his own business and is continuously looking to grow it. We caught up with him.
11. Describe an electrician in three words? Brains on site! 12. What superpower would you like? It would be great to have the power to grant everyone an equal opportunity to do well. 13. Favourite franchise? Hmmmm, I love food so maybe a nice fresh Wimpy.
>
14. What are three things you couldn't live without? Comedy, sports and travel. 15. What's your claim to fame? I've worked in a film director’s house. 16. Are you usually early or late? Always early. Being professional and good
impressions are vital to any success I've had. 17. What job would you be terrible at? I'm an electrician, cleaning of course. 18. What skill would you like to have? To be able to draw. I'm useless at art but I love it!
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
19. Best Superhero films - Marvel or DC? Batman is the only film for me really, but for the villains. 20. What's your party trick? I can spit bars if there's a mic around!
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SPARKS | LED FLOODLIGHTS
YOUR GUIDE TO LED FLOODLIGHT FITTING
“USING A DOMESTIC FLOODLIGHT IN A COMMERCIAL SETTING… IS A FALSE ECONOMY”
Simon Shenton, Head of LED Lighting Development at Luceco Lighting, looks at some of the common mistakes when selecting and installing LED floodlights, how to avoid them and ultimately maximise the lifespan of the product.
DOMESTIC OR COMMERCIAL?
When specifying an LED floodlight, the first consideration is where it will be installed. Using a domestic floodlight in a commercial setting, where the light will be left on for longer and often encounter more arduous conditions, is a false economy and will shorten its lifespan, so it’s important they are specified correctly.
CORRECT POSITION
While LED floodlights are IP rated, which ensures they can be used outdoors safely, IP testing is conducted on the fitting as it should be installed. It does not account for incorrect installation. This is why even with a waterproof IP rating, it’s vital that a floodlight is installed in the position it’s designed to suit.
TOP TIP
For more info visit: www.castra-floodlights.uk
Floodlights must be installed from the horizontal. Wrong positioning can cause water to pool, which can lead to the failure of the fitting due to water ingress.
WHAT FEATURES?
There are certain features to look for when specifying an LED floodlight. For example, fins on the back of the unit to help dissipate the heat generated by LEDs. Also, it is vital that the floodlight is installed in the correct position, otherwise the effectiveness of the fins to cool the LEDs is compromised, reducing the lifespan of the fitting.
LIGHT POLLUTION
The final consideration is that floodlights pointed into the sky contribute to light pollution. Correctly fitted LED floodlights reduce the amount of light spilling into nearby properties, ensuring better neighbour relations. The good news is there are ways to overcome the rigidity of the required installation. The new Castra range of residential LED floodlights have been redesigned with innovative features to aid installation. Floodlight positioning can be adjusted with the use of a unique, patentpending, ‘fit, turn and tilt’ rotatable ball joint bracket, which enables not only up and down adjustment but side to side. Both the floodlight and PIR are IP65 rated.
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COMPETITION | SPARKS
MYSCHNEIDER ELECTRICIAN COMPETITION
WIN
A WISER HEAT KIT & £50 AMAZON VOUCHER
DON’T MISS OUT ON THIS EXCLUSIVE OFFER FROM SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC – ONLY FOR SPARKS READERS! Wiser Heat is the easier, smarter, better way to personalise home heating. Adjust the temperature in individual rooms with the smart radiator thermostats, and control the system from anywhere in the world via an intuitive mobile app. Or if you don’t even want to lift a finger, you can ask Amazon Alexa to change the temperature for you! As well as increased comfort and convenience, you’ll also benefit from reduced heating bills due to more efficient energy usage.
HOW TO ENTER… SIMPLY REGISTER as an electrician to mySchneider via this link:
CLOSING DATE: 25TH MAY
SCAN THE QR CODE
GOOD LUCK! The personalised experience gives you access to everything you need in one handy hub – from training and webinars to product information, guides and tools.
WWW.SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK
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SPARKS | PERSON PROFILE
TEAMED UP WITH ESG We’ve teamed up with ESG Limited and are co-sponsoring an All-Female Skills Competition on International Women’s Day in March, to encourage more females into the industry. The competition, held at Lewisham College, will include eight female apprentices based in London and/or the South East and is being supported by Schneider Electric, Yesss Electrical and Scruffs.
TIPS FOR THE NEXT STEPS Andy began his career as an apprentice. At ESG Andy’s focus has been on keeping the company at the forefront of the industry: committing to modern methods of construction, digital engineering and training future leaders. Here, he gives us some helpful advice.
ESG currently employs 20 apprentices so we spoke to Andy Hider, ESG’s Managing Director, and asked him what suggestions he had for our SPARKS readers.
“THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST INNOVATIVE TRADES. WHEN SEARCHING FOR AN EMPLOYER, APPROACH IT WITH THE RIGHT MINDSET!”
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PERSON PROFILE | SPARKS
LOOKING FOR AN APPRENTICESHIP?
The internet is a huge source of information and there is also a great deal of self-learning you can do to make yourself ‘work ready’. For example, look into: ■ the qualifications required to become a fully qualified electrician ■ the basic Health & Safety knowledge required for all people working on construction sites. For example, you will need a CSCS Card. There is a free app available which you can use to learn the basics and practice answering questions for the exams ■ some of the main systems and technologies currently installed into buildings.
You don’t need to know the intricate details but you will make a great first impression if you can talk confidently about the company you are meeting and what they do!
NEWLY QUALIFIED AND LOOKING FOR A JOB?
To start your search for an employer you should consider applying for vacancies through local projects. In the UK, all major construction projects are obliged to create opportunities for apprentices as part of their Planning Consent. Reputable contractors will dedicate a manager to deliver these commitments by engaging with local schools, colleges and the wider community. Look out for any large projects in your area and ask if there is a scheme running. Visit the main contractor or developer’s website and search for their contact details. Alternatively, you can find a list of all registered electrical contractors on the Electrical Contractors Association (ECA) website and make some direct approaches.
For more information visit: www.esglimited.com
SCAN THE QR CODE
TOP TIPS
■ Take control of your career. Think about where you might want your career to go in future and create a plan. Think BIG! ■ Be a self-starter. Take an interest in engineering, building systems and services and the innovations that are coming through, even nonelectrical elements which are being constructed. Never stop developing your knowledge ■ Start building your professional profile straight away! Set up a LinkedIn profile and start following relevant organisations and people. You will learn a lot about the industry and your network of contacts will grow weekly ■ Love your job! You spend a lot of your life at work, the more you put into being a tradesperson, the more you will get back in return.
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SPARKS | EV TRAINING
THE EV OPPORTUNITY The rapid growth of electric vehicles presents a real opportunity for suitably trained installers. GTEC tells us about the new Level 3 qualification they’ve launched.
RAPID GROWTH
2020 was a record year for electric vehicle sales, which rose by 43%, despite a general drop in overall car sales. Further growth is expected with the sale of all new petrol and diesel cars banned from 2035.
WHAT DOES THE COURSE COVER?
The qualification equips candidates with the knowledge and skills required to install dedicated conductive charging equipment used for pure electric and plug-in hybrid electric road vehicles (PHEV) and includes the extended range of electric vehicles (E-REV). It covers the installation of both AC and DC charging equipment intended for plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) complying with BS EN 61851 and The Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installations.
EV CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE
Recently think tank, New AutoMotive, said we need 40-50 new public charging points every day until 2030 to achieve their goals. In November 2021 it was announced that, from 2022, all new-build homes will require an EV charging point by law.
WHO IS THE EV CHARGING COURSE FOR?
The new course is an ideal upskill for anyone with experience of electrical installations and associated inspection and testing who is looking to expand their service offering and take advantage of increasing demand for EVs.
“IT WON’T BE LONG BEFORE EVERY WORKPLACE, BUSINESS AND LEISURE FACILITY OFFERS CHARGING FACILITIES”
“Without a secure network of EV charging infrastructure, progress will be seriously threatened. While EV charging points have doubled over the past two years, there is still a long way to go.” Griff Thomas, MD for GTEC.
For more information go to www.gtec.co.uk
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SPARKS | CAREER SUPPORT
GET CONNECTED FOR MORE SUPPORT Electricians are vital to modern society, keeping our homes and businesses running. At Schneider Electric we are proud to be helping the electricians of tomorrow as you start out on your journey.
S
chneider Electric provides electricians and apprentices with the tools and resources to help them improve and develop new skills. If you’re an apprentice and you want to learn more, chat and participate in competitions with other electricians across the UK and Ireland, and get easy access to expert content and assistance, Schneider Electric has a suite of digital platforms where you can transform your career.
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CAREER SUPPORT | SPARKS
MYSCHNEIDER APP
mySchneider app is an electrical hub providing access to product catalogues, a quotation builder, live chat support and a rewards loyalty scheme.
FACEBOOK & INSTAGRAM
The Electrician Group on Facebook is a space for electricians and industry professionals to chat, share, ask and learn, as well as get first access to promotions, events and giveaways. This has recently been joined by an Instagram page, @schneiderelec_electricians_uki, which showcases Schneider’s offering for electricians.
“IF YOU’RE AN APPRENTICE AND YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE… SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC HAS A SUITE OF DIGITAL PLATFORMS WHERE YOU CAN TRANSFORM YOUR CAREER”
PODCASTS
If you want to hear from business leaders and experts from the electrical sector, make sure you check out The Electrician Podcast, which delivers new episodes every week, helping electricians stay up-to-date with the latest news and regulations. Throughout the series, Schneider Electric experts discuss the key opportunities and challenges facing the industry and deliver exclusive content to help electricians grow their career.
Listen and subscribe to The Electrician Podcast through any major podcast streaming platform. Follow Schneider Electric on Facebook and Instagram, and check out exclusive content on mySchneider app. For more information visit: se.com/uk
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“TURN UP ON TIME, LISTEN TO YOUR BOSSES AND DON’T BE AFRAID TO FAIL”
WHAT’S IN MY TOOL BAG? MAT THOMAS
37-year old Mat Thomas has been in the trade for 21 years. He runs a small company that covers the whole of the UK. We had a chat with him and found out exactly what’s in his tool bag!
WHAT’S IN MY TOOL BAG? | SPARKS
HERE’S MAT’S TOOL BAG AND FAVOURITE GO-TO TOOLS!
SOCKET TESTER HOLDER
STANLEY KNIFE
200MM CROPPERS
TRACER PENCIL
4MM SCREWDRIVER
FLUKE TESTER
This was designed by a good friend of mine – it’s a great bit of kit to carry the socket tester around in.
The tracer pencil is just brilliant! A great bit of kit to mark just about anything, anywhere. And it comes with a sharpener in the holder!
MOST INTERESTING
The extending mirror makes it easier to check in hard-to-reach spaces – very useful when it comes to testing.
MOST USEFUL
The torque screwdriver - it tightens whatever you’re working on to EXACTLY the right torque.
The old-fashioned Stanley is one of my favourite tools. It’s just handy to have with you every day.
The 4mm screwdriver is renowned for coping with absolutely any screw! It’s a brilliant tool for just about anything that needs 2nd fixing.
The 200mm croppers are so versatile. They can cut through 25mm tails and all types of other cable.
The Fluke tester is a must! Used alongside a proving unit, my Fluke tester is always close to hand so I can check all voltages.
TOP TIP
When you have to support cables throughout their run, especially in ceiling voids, Kopex, a flexible conduit system, provides protection and allows cables to be run through the space with ease.
@matonet_official www.mathewthomasltd.co.uk
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FEATURE: VENTILATION | SPARKS
LEWIS BLAKEMORE
VENTILATION
Here is an explanation as to why we need ventilation, from the Aereco channel.
SYSTEMS
And here are the different types of systems explained.
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Electrical Lecturer Wigan and Leigh College
A ventilation system controls airflow within confined spaces. Its main function is to introduce a constant supply of fresh air, usually from the outside, while channeling stale air back out. It controls the carbon dioxide and moisture content in the air, removes excess heat from rooms and disposes of odours, dust and smoke.
TOP TIP
QUIZ
1. Describe the stack effect. Answer: 2. State three reasons why a building requires ventilation. Answer:
■ Natural ventilation is brought about by the wind effect and the stack effect. ■ Mechanical ventilation is brought about by extraction systems, supply systems and balanced ventilation systems.
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
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SPARKS | FEATURE: VENTILATION
DEMYSTIFYING VENTILATION New to ventilation? With the COVID pandemic, it’s never been more important to have good ventilation. So, getting the basics right is essential. Here’s what you need to know. WHAT DOES AN EXTRACTOR FAN DO?
An extractor fan removes steam from bathrooms, kitchens, utility rooms, and other rooms with a high moisture content in the air. This helps avoid condensation and mould and creates a healthier indoor environment. A fan also helps remove viruses and other pollutants, improving indoor air quality.
WHAT CONTROLS SHOULD I LOOK FOR?
Fans are often turned on and off with the light switch. To extract all the moistureladen air, a fan needs to keep running after the person has left the room. An overrun timer means you can set the fan to keep running for a set time after the light is off. Alternatively, a humidistat sensor detects steamy air, automatically extracts it, then turns itself off again.
HOW DO I CHOOSE A FAN?
A fan must suit the needs of the room. The Building Regulations for Ventilation – Part F give guidance on the required level of airflow by room and house size. Look out for variable speed models where the fan speed can be adjusted to meet the airflow needs of the project. The easiest way to fit a fan is through an outside wall. Here you should choose an axial fan, which is designed to move air over short distances. For larger properties, or where long duct runs are needed, choose a centrifugal or inline fan. And try to avoid mounting fans on plasterboard ceilings or stud partition walls since vibrations can amplify noise.
TOP TIP
Opt for an app-controlled fan for easy-install through a smart phone no more fiddly switches or jumpers. Plus, users can control their ventilation from their sofa.
WHAT ARE THE LATEST TRENDS?
Lo-Carbon Svara
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Fans are becoming ever quieter with some as low as 12dB(A). Aesthetics are important too, with fans now available in colours other than white. Intelligent fans are on the rise, there are even fans that are activated by a clever light sensor that recognises room occupancy but can
FEATURE: VENTILATION | SPARKS
F
“IF YOU CHOOSE AN IPX5 FAN IT’S SAFE TO INSTALL IN THE SPLASH ZONE OF A BATHROOM”
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KEY FACTS ■ Black interiors were named a key aesthetic by the design world in 2021 and the choice of a black or white Lo-Carbon Svara now offers more options for a highend look for households.
distinguish between car headlights and people moving about to avoid nuisance running. Installing ventilation brings many opportunities for electricians like you. By learning the basics and getting them right, you can add value to projects and offer valuable advice to customers.
■ Vent-Axia, the leader in lowcarbon ventilation, has launched its popular Lo-Carbon Svara fan in black making it the ideal ventilation solution for this year’s on-trend kitchens and bathrooms. ■ The Lo-Carbon Silent Fan is still the quietest bathroom fan on the market available from an astonishingly quiet 12dB(A).
SCAN THE QR CODE
for information about the Residential Ventilation Association (RVA)
For more information visit: www.vent-axia.com/refurbishments/
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SPARKS | SPECIAL REPORT
PROTECTING BATS FROM LIGHT POLLUTION Bats are nocturnal creatures so exterior lighting can disrupt their roosts and feeding grounds. Paul Davidson from Ansell Lighting shares how to protect them from light pollution - and avoid potential fines.
T
he I’m a Celebrity Get Me Out of Here crew had to take enormous precautions not to disturb bats while filming at Gwrych Castle – for good reason. Bats are a protected species, so you can be fined for damaging or disturbing their roost, even if it was unintentional.
“BATS ARE A PROTECTED SPECIES, SO YOU CAN BE FINED FOR DAMAGING OR DISTURBING THEIR ROOST”
HOW TO…
Here’s how you can ensure artificial light does not disrupt bats roosting near your project: ■ Only light areas where illumination is absolutely necessary ■ Never directly illuminate a bat roost or access points ■ Pay attention to beam distribution to prevent light spill ■ Avoid using surfaces which create reflected light
If a bat’s roost, access path or flight line is lit up, it can disrupt their feeding patterns and force them to abandon the roost. Illumination also draws insects away from darker areas, which can limit access to food.
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■ Lighting should be timecontrolled to remain off during peak bat activity times, from 8.30pm onwards, throughout May to September ■ Calculate mounting heights carefully to ensure accurate light beam distribution and avoid light spill and glare.
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TOP TIP
You can get advice about how to protect bats from lighting specialists such as Ansell Lighting, and organisations such as Natural England or the Bat Conservation Trust.
For more information visit: www.anselluk.com
Become an Aico Expert Installer
Register today at www.aico.co.uk/becomean-expert-installer
Aico’s award winning Expert Installer training is a FREE scheme designed to provide Installers with all the information they need to select and install Fire and Carbon Monoxide alarm systems. Modules include: Core Module - 60 minutes CPD Siting Sensor Types Installation
Testing and Maintenance Integration Standards and Regulations
All members of the Expert Installer training will be invited to join the brand new
This is an online, connected community built to support Expert Installers. Discover opportunities, interact, engage and share your knowledge to earn rewards. With monthly prize draws, you could win up to £500 and the chance to see the British Superbikes!
www.aico.co.uk | 01691 664100 | enquiries@aico.co.uk
CONNECT with fellow professionals LEARN new skills to earn points and receive prizes REWARD for the first 1,000 to join
SPARKS | EPIC FAIL
ALL GOOD AND WELL UNTIL THE DOG SPOTS IT
BECAUSE MOVING THE SWITCH OVER TO THE LEFT WOULD'VE BEEN TOO DIFFICULT
While most electricians and electrical engineers are fully qualified and do a great job, there are some out there who do some shocking work - sometimes literally! We’ve teamed up with Crap Electrical UK to bring you our regular gruesome gallery of weird wiring, ludicrous lighting and shoddy sockets.
CEILING JOISTS? MEHH NOT NEEDED
EPIC
“GAME OVER” THE SLUGS NEED TO LIVE SOMEWHERE...
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EPIC FAIL | SPARKS
MULTIMEDIA BATHROOM
FAIL IN ASSOCIATION WITH CRAP ELECTRICAL UK
THERE'S A LOT TO UNRAVEL HERE...
SOMETHING ABOUT THIS SEEMS WRONG...
THE MOST IMPRESIVE THING ABOUT THIS IS HOW LONG THE SCREW IS
GET IN TOUCH If you’ve come across a dodgy installation, send us your pictures and they could be featured on this page.
Email us at editor@sng-publishing.co.uk A big thank you to the members of Crap Electrical UK for supplying us with so many great images. The Facebook group, which has over 10,000 members, is run by Charles Billington, Simon Allen, Lewis Boddington, Jake Simmons, Samuel Miles and Lee Quince.
WHEN THE CUSTOMER CONNECTS THE SOCKET THEMSELVES... MAYBE LEAVE IT TO THE PROFESSIONALS
WHEN THE SHOP RUNS OUT OF LAMP SHADES SO YOU HAVE TO IMPROVISE
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SPOT THE DIFFERENCE
SPARKS | SPOT THE DIFFERENCE
38
Spot the seven differences between these two photos of a SPARKS Learner of the Year competitor.
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
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C I R C U I T
P R O T E C T I O N
Made by us ... designed by you A versatile application and easy to install. • Flexibility for maximum circuit combinations and easy upgrades • Fast and simple installation, with fitted spirit level and backed-out and retained terminal screws • Easy access of cables via knockouts, in sides, top and bottom, plus additional rear entry knockouts • A modern stylish design with a profile matching BG wiring accessories
For more information, visit: www.bg-fortress.uk
10 YEAR
GUA RANTEE
SPARKS | EXERCISES
EXERCISES W
e’ve been lucky enough to collaborate with electrical expert Mike Davies, who has been in the industry since the 1970s. Mike became a qualified electrical engineer after completing an apprenticeship when he left school at 16.
He became a college lecturer in 1980 after completing a Further Education teacher training qualification. Now retired, Mike works as a self-employed lecturer and training consultant.
SPECIAL LOCATIONS
Covering: Unit 605 (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 or EAL equivalent)
For each statement related to a special location decide if the statement is true or false. You may need to refer to your notes, text books or Part 7 of BS7671: 2018 Requirements for Electrical Installations.
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
The installation of switchgear or electrical accessories is not permitted in zone 0 of a room containing a bath or shower.
In a room containing a bath or shower, Zone 2 extends 0.5m from the vertical boundary of zone 1.
Prefabricated rooms or cabins containing sauna heaters are not covered by Section 703 Special Installations or Locations.
In a room containing electric sauna equipment where cleaning by use of water jets is likely, the equipment must have a degree of protection of at least IPX4.
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
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EXERCISES | SPARKS
Q5
Q6
Q7
Q8
Q9
A cable buried in cultivated land on a farm must be installed at a minimum depth of at least 1m.
The selection and erection of electrical equipment used outside in a caravan park should have a degree of protection of at least IPX3.
The length of flexible cable used to connect a caravan to a caravan pitch socket-outlet is 22m (+/- 4m).
In a medical location functional extra-low voltage (FELV) shall not be used as a method of protection against electric shock.
Switches and socket-outlets installed below medical gas outlets supplying oxidizing or flammable gases must be at least 0.1m from the outlet.
Q10 In exhibitions, shows and stands, additional protection for final circuits other than for emergency lighting can be protected by an RCD.
Q11 In extra-low voltage lighting installations the use of self-resetting overcurrent protective devices is permitted for transformers up to 50VA.
Q12 Overhead electrical distribution cables used in onshore units of electrical shore connections for inland navigation vessels is permitted, so long as they are installed no more than 3m from ground level.
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free.
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FOLLOW
OVER
41,000 FOLLOWERS
Spark Magazine Quarter Page Ad_Pro Cobalt_2021.pdf
SEARCH FOR SPARKS MAGAZINE
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OUT NOW!
COMBI 304 Explore more at www.wiska.co.uk
EXERCISES | SPARKS
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT PROTECTION The following questions relate to electric circuit protection and protective devices:
Q1
Covering: Unit 305 (C&G 2365 – 03 Level 3 Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) or EAL equivalent)
State two types of electrical fault that may occur in an electrical circuit during operation.
Answers: A: B: Q2
Take the two types of fault identified in question 1 and state the effect the fault will have on the circuit in which it occurs.
Answers: A: B: Q3
A circuit protective device may operate instantaneously or it may take some time to operate: a: State the circumstance that will cause instantaneous operation b: State the reason for a slow operation of the circuit protective device
Answers: A: B: Q4
Identify the correct term used to describe the cause for the operation of a circuit protective device in a live circuit.
Answer:
Q5
Suggest reasons why an ‘overload’ can occur in a ‘healthy’ electrical circuit.
Answer:
Q6
A very low resistance, e.g. micro-ohms, between line conductors of a 3-phase circuit or between line and neutral conductors of a single-phase circuit or in an item of electrical equipment connected to a supply, can be described as which type of electrical fault?
Answer:
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SPARKS | EXERCISES
Q7
State how the RCD and the RCBO is designed to protect an electrical circuit.
Answers: A: B: Q8
A circuit breaker providing overload and short circuit protection in a motor circuit intermittently operates when the motor is started and needs to be reset. Suggest the most likely cause of this intermittent operation.
Answer:
Q9
The diagram below shows the arrangement of mixed protective devices in an older industrial electrical installation. It is found that if a fault occurs in final circuit #2 the main HRC fuse operates. State the term used to describe this situation.
Final circuit #1 HRC fuse
Final circuit #2 BS3036 fuse
Main Fuse HRC fuse
Short circuit fault
Answer: Q10
For each of the following electric circuits calculate the load current (Ib) and state the current rating (In) and ‘Type’ for a suitable circuit breaker to protect the circuit supplying the load. (Refer to the IET BS7671:2018 Appendix 3)
A: A 230V single-phase radial circuit supplying a 4kW electric heater. Answer: B: A 400V 3-phase distribution circuit supplying an industrial kiln rated at 30kW. Answer: C: A 400V, 3-phase induction motor with a p.f. of 0.6 and rating of 45kW. Answer:
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EXERCISES | SPARKS
HAND TOOLS
Covering: Unit 204 (Level 2 Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) 2365-02)
The following questions concern types and uses of ‘files’.
Q1
Identify each of the following file surfaces or cuts.
Answer:
Answer:
Answer:
Answer:
Q2
Describe the purpose of a hand file and give examples for when it is used in electrical installation work.
Answer:
Q3
Identify three different surface finishes obtainable in the flat file range.
Answer: Answer: Answer: Q4
With respect to file care give two ways in which a file could be damaged.
Answer: Answer: Q5
The teeth of a file can become clogged with metal particles (called ‘swarf’). Explain how a file can be cleaned and the safety precautions that must be taken.
Answer:
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SPARKS | EXERCISES
ELECTRICAL SCIENCE & PRINCIPLES Complete the following questions regarding basic electrical resistance:
Q1
Covering: Level 2 (2365-02) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) Unit 202. Level 3 (2365-03) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) Unit 302. Or EAL equivalent
A portable convector heater has a heating element that has a resistance of 17.7Ω and is to be connected to a standard 230V a.c. supply. Calculate the current flow when the heating element is switched ON.
Answer:
Q2
State the recommended rating of a non-rewireable BS1363 protective device suitable for the convector heater in question 1 above and state its location in the circuit.
Answer:
Q3
A fault occurs in an electrical distribution cable between the line conductor and earth. The resistance of the fault is 0.2Ω and the line voltage is 230V. Determine the fault current that is going to flow.
Answer:
Q4
Determine the total resistance for the string of resistors shown below. 2Ω
4Ω
6Ω
R1
R2
R3
Answer: Q5
If a 120V supply is connected across the circuit shown in question 4, (a) determine the current that will flow and (b) the measured voltages (potential difference) across each resistor.
Answers: A: Answers: B: pd1 =
pd2 =
pd3 =
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EXERCISES | SPARKS
ELECTRO-TECHNICAL SCIENCE QUIZ: BASIC ELECTRONICS For each question, decide if the answer or statement is true or false. You may need to refer to your notes or suitable text books.
Q1
Q2
Covering: Unit 202 of C&G 2365-02 or EAL equivalent.
One of the most commonly used components in electronic circuits is the fixed value carbon resistor.
A carbon resistor with three red bands at one end and a silver band at the other end means it has a value of 222kΩ +/- 5%.
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE
Q3
Polyester, mica and ceramic represent types of capacitor.
Q4
A capacitor that has a (+) symbol at one end is an electrolytic capacitor.
FALSE
TRUE FALSE
Q5
Q6
Q7
TRUE
The material used to separate the ‘plates’ of a capacitor is called the ‘dielectric’.
FALSE
The electronic component that controls current flow in opposite directions is called a semiconductor diode.
The component that is able to ‘amplify’ very small currents is called a transistor.
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE
TRUE
Q8
A thermistor is a component that has a fixed value of resistance.
Q9
A component with multiple connecting pins is generally identified as an integrated circuit component.
FALSE
TRUE FALSE
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SPARKS | EXERCISES
ELECTRICAL SCIENCE
Covering: Level 3 (2365-03) Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings & Structures) Unit 302. Or EAL equivalent
Try to answer the following multiple-choice questions.
A conductor cuts a magnetic field at right angles and at a speed of 100m/s. If the conductor is 50M and the flux density is 0.03T, what is the value of voltage generated?
Q1
Four 48Ω resistors are connected in parallel. The combined resistance of this arrangement is?
A
192Ω
B
48Ω
A
25V
C
36Ω
B
75V
D
12Ω
C
100V
D
150V
Q2
The force on a 2m long conductor is 25N. If the conductor is lying at right-angles to a magnetic field of 50T, what current is flowing in the conductor?
A
0.25A
B
0.50A
C
1.50A
D
1.75A
Q3
A capacitor has a reactance of 68Ω. If a current of 5A flows in the capacitor, the voltage across its terminals will be?
Ans.
Q5
Ans. Q6
Ans.
A resistor of 25Ω is connected in series with an inductor that has a reactance of 55Ω. What is the impedance of this combination?
A
60.42Ω
B
80Ω
C
105Ω
D
225Ω
Q7
A motor delivers 15kW at an efficiency of 78%. What is the input power to the motor?
A
340V
A
15.75kW
B
230V
B
19.23kW
C
13.6V
C
21.35kW
D
73.5mV
D
24.75kW
Q4
A light source produces 400lx on a surface 4m immediately beneath the source. What is the light intensity?
Ans.
Q8
A single-phase double wound transformer has 1000 primary turns and 250 secondary turns. If a 230V supply is connected to the primary, the secondary voltage is?
A
2500lm
A
50V
B
5000cd
B
55V
C
6400cd
C
57.5V
D
7500lx
D
110V
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Ans.
Ans.
Ans.
Ans.
EXERCISES | SPARKS
ELECTRO-TECHNICAL SCIENCE QUIZ Answer the following clues to determine the hidden word.
CLUES
HIDDEN WORD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 CLUES: 1. A three-phase induction motor operates by producing what type of magnetic field? 2. A machine that converts electrical to mechanical energy is called a ….? 3. An electro-magnetic switching device often used in motor control. 4. Another word for voltage. 5. The opposition to current flow.
6. What an oscilloscope can show. 7. The device that measures light lux levels. 8. The rate of doing work. 9. The name for an electrical temperature-sensitive device. 10. What the North and South poles are? 11. The common name for the supply network reference conductor.
The hidden word is
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