Tekie_G5_Main_CBSE_AY24_Final by Uolo

Computer Science

About the Book This book embodies the principles outlined in the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It unveils the world of computer science through a unique and captivating pedagogical approach— seamlessly integrating curriculum content into the mesmerizing adventures of Mel and Conji, fictional figures hailing from the enchanting world of Avora. Our aim is to prepare learners for the dynamic and technology-driven landscape of the 21st century, equipping them with the essential skills they need to thrive in an ever-evolving world.

Special Features • Explore More: QR codes to explore an exciting application of the concept. This element builds curiosity in children and helps them grasp concepts through digital visual aids. • Discuss: Questions to trigger engaging group discussions in the classroom. 5

• Think and Tell: Probing questions to stimulate thinking at an individual level. • Did You Know? Interesting facts related to the application of a concept. • Points to Remember: Chapter end summary. • Do It Yourself: Milestone exercises to practice specific concepts. • Chapter Checkup: A pool of questions catering to all topics and skills covered in the chapter.

About Uolo Uolo partners with K-12 schools to bring technology-based learning programs. We believe pedagogy and technology must come together to deliver scalable learning experiences that generate measurable outcomes. Uolo is trusted by over 10,000 schools across India, South East Asia, and the Middle East.

Singapore

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Gurugram

Bengaluru

hello@uolo.com �500

NEP 2020 based

NCF compliant

Technology powered

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COMPUTER SCIENCE Grade 5

A Wise Surprise

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Foreword

Standing at the forefront of the digital and AI revolution, the importance of coding and computational skills has reached unprecedented heights. In today’s professional landscape, whether it’s in the fields of medicine, space exploration, education, science, or business, no sector remains untouched by this transformative wave. To not just survive but thrive in the 21st century, basic computer literacy is no longer sufficient. Learners must evolve into “digital natives” who can fluently read, write, and communicate in the languages that machines and AI comprehend. Recognizing this imperative, the National Education Policy of 2020 (NEP 2020) has strongly recommended the integration of coding skills, computational thinking, critical analysis, and problem-solving abilities into the curriculum. Moreover, forward-looking subjects like AI, Data Sciences, Computer Applications, and IT have been introduced as elective subjects from grade 9 onwards. It wouldn’t be surprising if further transformative measures are taken even at the elementary education level. Uolo has introduced an innovative 360-degree program for a coding-focused computer science curriculum, known as Tekie, spanning grades 1 to 8. Tekie is a significant stride towards STEM education that aims at making learners future ready—enabling them with skills needed in the ever-changing, technology-driven, and dynamic 21st-century world. Tekie adopts a captivating and engaging approach to learning, in line with the recommendations of the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2023 and NEP 2020. The curriculum is ingeniously woven into the thrilling adventures of Mel and Conji, fictional characters from the enchanting land of Avora. The Mel and Conji series epitomizes a modern method of acquiring Computer Science knowledge and honing coding skills and computational thinking. Tekie is a technology-empowered curriculum that encompasses a few key components: • • • •

Main Content Books: These introduce learners to the theory of computer science and the tools used in the field. Topics in AI are also covered, along with experiential and curiosity-based learning resources. Coding Book: Specifically designed to nurture coding skills, this booklet aligns with the experiential and contextual learning approach of the curriculum, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Animated Learning Videos: The program is powered by high-quality animation-based learning videos that deliver learning in an engaging manner. Teacher Manual: This valuable resource supports classroom instruction, ensuring that educators can effectively deliver the curriculum.

Welcome to the captivating realm of Tekie! We hope you relish this educational journey as it equips you with the tools you need to thrive in the exciting and ever-changing world of the 21st century.

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Key Chapter Elements Each chapter has been divided into two key sections. Section A: Story-based Comic In every grade, students embark on an immersive experience in the “Adventures of Mel and Conji”. Within each chapter, in the initial section (Section A), the story unfolds, enveloping learners in an exciting journey. Through the story, students actively connect with fundamental concepts in the realm of Computer Science. Section B: Computer Science Concepts This section of the chapter focuses on the essential academic content. It provides the learning goals and assists teachers in their classroom instruction. This section also includes the following academic assets: QR codes to explore an exciting application of the concept.

HOTS questions to trigger

Discuss!

engaging group

Share some real-life scenarios where you can use Mail Merge.

discussions in the classroom.

This element builds curiosity in children and helps them grasp concepts through digital visual aids. 3. Lack of emotional intelligence: While you experience a range of emotions like happiness, sadness, and excitement, computers lack emotional intelligence and empathy. This limits their applications in fields that require emotional understanding, such as counselling and therapy.

Discuss!

Explore More!

Interesting facts

Do It Yourself 1B

Did You Know?

related to the

ENIAC weighed more than 27 tons and took up 1,800 square feet space.

application of a concept.

What tasks can be done using a computer?

You can also check your browsing history on a Wi-Fi connection.

Write T for True and F for False. 1 Computers are faster than humans at performing calculations and tasks. 2 Communication with other people using the internet cannot be done through computers.

This is the chapter summary. It enables learners to glance

3 Computers can work on multiple tasks simultaneously.

through all key concepts covered in the chapter.

4 Computers can experience and express human emotions like happiness and sadness.

Points to Remember

Probing questions to

Think and Tell

stimulate HOTS In the Mail Merge pane, you will see the List Friendsbasic is the What areofsome of the selected sheet, which things is currently thatactive you for see atname individual Mail Merge.

on a computer?

level.

Think and Tell

What can be the recipient list if you are sending a report card through Mail Merge?

Milestone exercises to practise specific concepts.

Charles Babbage’s designs, the difference engine and the analytical engine, laid the foundation for modern computers.

The ENIAC, built in 1945, was the first electronic and programmable computer.

First generation computers (1946–59) used vacuum tubes, and were large and unreliable.

Second generation computers (1959–1965) introduced transistors, magnetic core memory, and punch cards. These computers were more reliable than the first-generation computers.

Third generation computers (1965–71) brought integrated circuits, core memory, and user14 They can multitask, working simultaneously on multiple processes. friendly interfaces. The use of IC dramatically reduced the size of computers.

Computers can do tasks on their own, following the instructions that they have been given.

Computers let us communicate through the internet, letting us connect globally. A 7pool of questions catering to allmicroprocessors, topics and skills covered Fourth generation computers (1971–80) featured RAM, and advanced input/ 16

Computers lack independent thinking, emotions, and empathy. They rely on precise

output devices.

instructions and require regular maintenance. in8 the chapter. Fifth generation computers (1980–to date) use AI and ML technologies, advanced memory,

and innovative input/output methods.

ChapterareCheckup Computers known for their speed and can perform complex calculations in a fraction of a second.

Find these words in the word grid. List F

The history of computing devices began with the invention of the abacus around 4,000 years ago in China.

Do It Yourself 4A 1

Document S

Fill in the Blanks. 10 A.They possess memory to store vast amounts of information, ensuring quick access.

Mail Merge

Answer the following questions. a What is the main document in Mail Merge?

b Name the menu used to add the Mail Merge extension.

Computers are highly accurate and precise, minimising errorsintegrated in calculations andabacus tasks. ENIAC vacuum tubes artificial intelligence circuits Hints They have storage capacity to hold various types of data, such as documents, images, and videos. approximately 4,000 years ago, which is 1 The ancient Chinese invented the

considered the first calculating device.

The first programmable electronic digital computer, often considered the beginning of modern . computing, was called Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers . 3 The first generation of computers, from 1946 to 1959, used 2

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The third generation of computers introduced size of computers.

Fifth-generation computers use data sets.

, which significantly reduced the and have advanced memory for handling large

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B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Inserting Merge Fields 4

Once you attach the Invite to the List of Friends, you can merge fields to personalise a document with information from the List of Friends. You need to insert fields that are

What type of memory did second generation computers use for storage? a Magnetic core memory

b RAM

d Punch cards

Magnetic drum memory

In which generation of computers were integrated circuits (ICs) introduced instead of transistors? a Second generation

b Third generation

d Fifth generation

Fourth generation

Which programming language is NOT associated with the third generation of computers? a Python

b COBOL

d BASIC

FORTRAN

iii

Which computer inventor is often referred to as the ‘Father of Modern Computers’? a Charles Babbage

b John Napier

d Vannevar Bush

Blaise Pascal

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Introduction to Avora

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Places in Avora

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Meet the Characters

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Contents

Evolution of Computers 

History of Computers



Characteristics of Computers



Limitations of Computers

Internet Services



Modifying Themes



Applying Layouts



Inserting Tables



Inserting Charts



Inserting Diagrams



Working with Master Slide



Internet



Requirements for Connecting to the Internet



Browsing the Internet



Applying Animations



Services on the Internet



Applying Transition



Threats on the Internet



Adding Audio and Video



Netiquette

Tables in Google Docs

nimations and Transitions on A Google Slides

Introduction to Spreadsheets 

Introduction to Google Sheets

101

118



Creating a Table



Components of Google Sheets Window



Entering Data in a Table



Moving Around in a Spreadsheet



Editing a Table



Entering Data



Formatting a Table



Saving and Closing a Sheet



Opening a Sheet

Mail Merge Using Google Docs

Editing Data in a Spreadsheet



Mail Merge



Main Document



Interacting with Spreadsheets



Datasource



Using Undo and Redo



Inserting Merge Fields



Copying Cell Data



Viewing Merge Fields



Moving Cell Data



Printing Letters



Deleting Cell Data

hemes and Layouts in T Google Slides 

Introduction to Presentations



Creating a Presentation Using Google Slides



I—Computer Vision and A Machine Learning 

Artificial Intelligence



Machine Learning



Understanding Computer Vision

136

154

Applying Themes

viii

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Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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History of Computers Computers have become an integral part of our lives. They help us in almost every sphere of life these days. We cannot even imagine a world without computers. Have you ever wondered how people were managing without computers before their invention? Let us learn about the history of computers and how they have evolved from slow, bulky, and room-sized machines to fast, smart, and sleek gadgets. 1. Abacus: a. Abacus is one of the earliest counting devices. b. It is a wooden frame divided into two parts. c. Both the parts have rods on which the beads move and are used for basic mathematical calculations. 2. Napier’s Bones: a. It is a manually-operated calculating device developed by John Napier in 1617. b. In this calculating tool, he used nine different ivory strips or bones marked with numbers to multiply and divide. 3. Pascaline: a. Pascaline, also called the Arithmetic Machine or Adding Machine, is the first mechanical and automatic calculator. b. It was invented between 1642 and 1644 by the French mathematician and philosopher, Blaise Pascal. c. It can perform only addition and subtraction. 4. Stepped Reckoner or Leibniz Wheel: a. Leibniz, a German mathematician and philosopher, created the Stepped Reckoner in 1673, improving upon earlier mechanical calculators.

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b. It is a digital mechanical calculator that uses fluted drums to represent numbers. c. Leibniz’s machine helped us see that machines could do maths automatically, which eventually led to today’s computers. 5. Difference Engine and Analytical Engine: a. Charles Babbage designed both engines and is also known as the ‘Father of Modern Computers’. b. The Difference Engine performs simple calculations, whereas the Analytical Engine uses punch cards for input. A punch card is a piece of card that stores digital data using punched holes. 6. Tabulating Machine: a. It was invented by an American statistician Herman Hollerith in 1890. b. This electromechanical machine was developed to help in processing data stored on punch cards. 7. Differential Analyzer: a. It is the first electronic computer invented in the United States in 1930. b. This analog device, invented by Vannevar Bush, could perform 25 calculations in a few minutes. 8. Mark I: a. In 1937, Howard Aiken thought of the idea of a machine to handle large-scale calculations. b. In 1944, IBM and Harvard collaborated to build the Mark I computer. 9. ENIAC: a. Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was one of the first programmable, general-purpose, electronic digital computers. It was built in 1945 by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. b. It was massive and superfast for its time, like a giant calculator with lots of tubes and wires. c. It helped with important tasks like calculating for the military, predicting the weather, and studying science.

Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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d. ENIAC started the era of modern computers, demonstrating their ability and inspiring the development of improved, smaller, and more efficient machines. 10. UNIVAC:

Did You Know?

ENIAC weighed more than 27 tons and took up 1,800 square feet space.

a. After ENIAC, John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert developed the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) and delivered it to the Census Bureau on March 31, 1951. It is one of the earliest commercial computers. b. It replaced the punch card accounting machines. It was the fastest machine developed in its time. c. It helped with research-level calculation in universities, and helped make office calculations automatic.

Generations of Computers Generations of computers mean the various stages of advancement in computer technology. These generations are usually categorised into five main phases: 1. First Generation Computers (1946–59): a. These early computers used vacuum tubes, which consisted of thin filaments. This filament caused the computers to heat up a lot. b. They had less memory, so they could not store much information. c. These computers were huge, costly, slow, and were not so reliable. They required a lot of maintenance. d. People programmed them using the machine language, or the assembly language, which was quite complex. e. Famous first generation computers include ENIAC and UNIVAC. 2. Second Generation Computers (1959–65): a. These computers were relatively smaller because they used tiny transistors instead of bulky vacuum tubes. b. These computers were faster and cheaper, making them more efficient.

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c. They stored information using magnetic core memory. d. People used punched cards for input and got results on paper or magnetic tapes. e. These computers used assembly languages for programming and could work on data in organised batches. f. Famous computers from this time were the CDC 3600 and IBM 7090. 3. Third Generation Computers (1965–71): a. The third generation computers used integrated circuits (ICs). They are also known as silicon chips or microchips. They were used widely. Integrated circuits are circuits of many electronic components together on a chip. This dramatically reduced the size of computers. b. The ICs in this generation used small scale integration (SSI) and medium scale integration (MSI) technologies. c. They used better memory called core memory, which was faster and more reliable than the older magnetic drum memory. d. Keyboards and friendlier interfaces were introduced for users which helped them interact with the computers. e. Programming languages like Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL), Formula Translation (FORTRAN), and Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC) made it easier to write software for these machines. f. These computers were smaller, but they were still expensive. IBM’s System/360 and DEC’s PDP-11 were popular models during this time. 4. Fourth Generation Computers (1971–80): a. Fourth generation computers used integrated circuits with VLSI technology. VLSI stands for Very Large-scale Integration, which means almost up to 1,00,000 electronic components on a single small chip. This chip is also known as a microprocessor. b. They use the faster and more reliable Random Access Memory (RAM) instead of the older magnetic core memory.

Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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c. Input devices like keyboards and mouses are used to interact with these computers. For output, they have monitors and printers. d. High-level programming languages like C, Pascal, and FORTRAN are used to write software for these computers. e. Fourth-generation computers are faster, smaller, and cheaper than their predecessors. Some popular names from this era include IBM PC, HP 9000 Series, and DEC 10. 5. Fifth Generation Computers (1980–current): a. Fifth generation computers use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) as their main technologies. b. They have advanced memory to store and handle large amounts of data effectively. c. Input and output methods include voice recognition, gesture control, augmented reality, virtual reality, and brain-computer interfaces. d. Popular programming languages like Python, R, and Julia are used to create AI and ML programs.

Explore More! Learn more about ENIAC, the first programmable, electronic, generalpurpose digital computer.

Did You Know?

Even though the first modern computer was huge, it could perform only four tasks: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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Do It Yourself 1A 1

Match the following.

Mark I

Tabulating Machine

Napier’s Bones

Ancient Abacus

Pascaline

Match the generation of computers with their technology. A First Generation Computers

Integrated circuits (SSI, MSI)

Second Generation Computers

Integrated circuits (VLSI)

Third Generation Computers

Artificial Intelligence

Fourth Generation Computers

Transistors

Fifth Generation Computers

Vacuum tubes

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Characteristics of Computers Computers have some special qualities that make them amazing: 1. Speed: Computers are super-fast at doing things. They can do lots of calculations and tasks in just a fraction of a second, way faster than humans can. 2. Accuracy: Computers are good at being accurate. They do not make mistakes like human beings do when they may be tired or in a hurry. 3. Storage: A computer has a huge memory. It can store pictures, document, videos, and more. 4. Automatic: Computers can do things on their own, following the instructions they have been given. 5. Multitasking: Computers can work on various tasks at the same time. Just like you can read a book while listening to music, a computer can run a game while also making calculations. 6. Communication: With the help of computers, you can communicate with other people using the internet.

Explore More!

Using the latest technology, you can make and receive phone calls by connecting your phone to a computer.

Think and Tell

What are some basic things that you see on a computer?

Limitations of Computers Computers are incredibly powerful and versatile machines, but they also have several limitations. Here are some of the key limitations of computers: 1. Computers cannot think like humans: Computers are designed and controlled by humans. Even when they seem to operate independently, it’s because humans have programmed them to do so. 2. Maintenance: A computer needs regular maintenance and timely updates for its proper working.

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3. Lack of emotional intelligence: While you experience a range of emotions like happiness, sadness, and excitement, computers lack emotional intelligence and empathy. This limits their applications in fields that require emotional understanding, such as counselling and therapy.

Discuss!

What tasks can be done using a computer?

Do It Yourself 1B Write T for True and F for False. 1 Computers are faster than humans at performing calculations and tasks. 2 Communication with other people using the internet cannot be done through computers. 3 Computers can work on multiple tasks simultaneously. 4 Computers can experience and express human emotions like happiness and sadness.

Points to Remember 1

The history of computing devices began with the invention of the abacus around 4,000 years ago in China.

Charles Babbage’s designs, the difference engine and the analytical engine, laid the foundation for modern computers.

The ENIAC, built in 1945, was the first electronic and programmable computer.

First generation computers (1946–59) used vacuum tubes, and were large and unreliable.

Second generation computers (1959–1965) introduced transistors, magnetic core memory, and punch cards. These computers were more reliable than the first-generation computers.

Third generation computers (1965–71) brought integrated circuits, core memory, and userfriendly interfaces. The use of IC dramatically reduced the size of computers.

Fourth generation computers (1971–80) featured microprocessors, RAM, and advanced input/ output devices.

Fifth generation computers (1980–to date) use AI and ML technologies, advanced memory, and innovative input/output methods.

Computers are known for their speed and can perform complex calculations in a fraction of a second.

They possess memory to store vast amounts of information, ensuring quick access.

Computers are highly accurate and precise, minimising errors in calculations and tasks.

They have storage capacity to hold various types of data, such as documents, images, and videos.

Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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Computers can do tasks on their own, following the instructions that they have been given.

They can multitask, working simultaneously on multiple processes.

Computers let us communicate through the internet, letting us connect globally.

Computers lack independent thinking, emotions, and empathy. They rely on precise instructions and require regular maintenance.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

ENIAC

vacuum tubes

artificial intelligence

integrated circuits

abacus

The ancient Chinese invented the considered the first calculating device.

approximately 4,000 years ago, which is

The first programmable electronic digital computer, often considered the beginning of modern computing, was called .

The first generation of computers, from 1946 to 1959, used

The third generation of computers introduced size of computers.

Fifth-generation computers use data sets.

. , which significantly reduced the

and have advanced memory for handling large

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

What type of memory did second generation computers use for storage? a Magnetic core memory

b RAM

d Punch cards

Magnetic drum memory

In which generation of computers were integrated circuits (ICs) introduced instead of transistors? a Second generation

b Third generation

d Fifth generation

Fourth generation

Which programming language is NOT associated with the third generation of computers? a Python

b COBOL

d BASIC

FORTRAN

Which computer inventor is often referred to as the ‘Father of Modern Computers’? a Charles Babbage

b John Napier

d Vannevar Bush

Blaise Pascal

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Which characteristic of computers allows them to perform multiple tasks simultaneously? a Memory

b Automation

d Multitasking

Speed

C. Who Am I? 1

I am the one who designed two significant machines, the Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine, during the early nineteenth century.

I am the generation of computers characterised by large size, slow speed, and use of vacuum tubes for computation.

I am a machine, invented between 1642 and 1644 by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal, and am capable of performing addition and subtraction operations.

I am a German mathematician known for inventing the Leibniz Wheel, a digital mechanical calculator.

I am one of the first electronic computers ever made in 1945, and I helped with important tasks like military calculations, weather prediction, and scientific research.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

The Tabulating machine was invented by American statistician Herman Hollerith.

A punched card is a piece of card stock that stores digital data using punched holes.

Fifth generation computers use AI.

Computers require regular maintenance and updates to ensure that they function properly.

Computers have emotional intelligence and empathy.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What is an abacus?

What is Pascaline?

Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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What is special about the fifth generation of computers?

What are the various characteristics of computers?

What are the limitations of computers?

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Sree lived a long time ago, way before computers were invented. Name some devices that he could have used for faster calculations.

Raj found something to help him with multiplication and division. It is not a modern calculator, and it has ‘bones’. What do you think it can be?

Tanya had a wooden rack, which had metal rods with beads mounted on them. Tell Tanya the name of the inventor of this wooden rack and what it is called.

Archi discovered that computers have a big closet where all their important data can be kept. Can you let Archi know what this closet is called?

Ram thought about a computer that could do many things at once. It is like a clever friend who can solve maths problems while also having fun playing a game. What do you call this characteristic of a computer?

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Chapter 1 • Evolution of Computers

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Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Internet You can talk to your friends over a phone, send and receive messages, share pictures and a lot of other information. Have you ever wondered how all of this is possible? Well, this is possible because of the internet. The internet is a huge network of millions of computers connected worldwide. It allows communication and the sharing of information.

Did You Know?

The internet’s early foundations were laid in the 1960s with the creation of ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network).

Uses of the Internet Some of the important uses of the internet are: 1. Online shopping: You can buy toys, clothes, and many other things online, all from the comfort of your home. Apps like Amazon, Flipkart, and Myntra make it easy to buy things with just a click.

2. Cashless payment: You can use apps like Paytm, Google Pay, or credit and debit cards to pay for things online. These transactions, known as cashless payments, are becoming increasingly popular.

3. Online learning: The internet allows you to discover new information from all over the world, making it possible to learn about a wide range of topics anytime and anywhere.

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4. Online communication: Using the internet, you can talk to your friends, see their pictures and videos, and share a lot of data with them. There are some applications like Facebook, Instagram, and more that make this possible.

5. Entertainment : The internet offers you plenty of entertainment options. You can enjoy videos, play games, and listen to your favourite songs. Additionally, you can download films, games, and music. Apps like Netflix, Hotstar, and YouTube provide access to a wide range of video content as well.

Did You Know?

The first website on the internet was created in 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee.

Do It Yourself 2A 1

Match the following.

Online Learning

Online Shopping

Cashless Payment

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Write the name of one application that help you do the following: a Online shopping b Entertainment c Online communication

Requirements for Connecting to the Internet To get on the internet, you usually need a few things. Let’s learn about what you need: 1. Internet service provider (ISP): An ISP is a company that provides you with access to the internet, often for a fee. ISPs use cables, satellites, or other technologies to connect you to the internet. There are many different ISPs, and they offer different speeds and prices. Examples are BSNL, Airtel, Jio, etc.

2. Device: You need a device that can access the internet, such as a computer, smartphone, tablet, smart TV, etc. These devices should have specific features that enable you to connect to the internet, like Ethernet ports for an internet cable or Wi-Fi functionality. 3. Modem: A modem is a device that carries out the processes of both modulating and demodulating electrical signals. It ensures a constant connection between the internet and a home or office network. 4. Network cable (for wired connections): Network cable is a type of cable that is used to connect devices to the internet. It is a physical connection that allows devices to communicate with each other. Network cables are typically found in offices, homes, and schools.

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5. Web browser: A web browser is an application that allows you to visit websites on the internet. It lets you see the different web pages and information that are available.

Google Chrome

Mozilla Firefox

Apple Safari

Opera

Microsoft Edge

There are several ways to connect to the internet, and the availability of these methods may depend on your location. Here are some common ways to connect to the internet.

Ways to Connect to the Internet There are several ways to connect to the internet. Here are some common methods: 1. Wired connection (using cables): This uses copper or fibre optic cables to transmit data. Wired connections are known for their reliability and speed. They are often used in homes and businesses where stable and high-speed internet access is required. They are also known as broadband connections. 2. Wireless connection (using signals): Wireless connections use radio waves to transmit data between devices and a router. This method is highly convenient as it eliminates the need for physical cables. Wi-Fi is one of the most commonly used wireless connections. 3. Cellular connection (like a mobile phone): Cellular connections use mobile networks and cell towers to provide internet access. They are widely used for mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. These devices have data limitations and varying speeds based on network coverage.

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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4. Satellite: Satellite internet relies on communication satellites in orbit to provide internet access to remote or rural areas where other forms of internet connectivity may not be readily available. It can have a slightly longer delay compared to other methods. 5. Dial-up: Dial-up is an old and slow way to get on the internet. It works using a regular phone line. But it’s not good for today’s internet because it’s too slow and can’t handle modern internet speed. Most people now use faster internet connections like broadband.

4 5 6

0 7

Think and Tell What are the ways to connect to the internet?

Do It Yourself 2B 1

Find the given words, related to the internet, from the word grid. DEVICE

BROWSER

WIFI

SATELLITE

ISP

MODEM

What are the requirements to connect to the internet?

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Browsing the Internet Browsing the internet refers to using a web browser to search for and access information on the World Wide Web (WWW), which is a part of the internet. There are many different web browsers, but some of the most common ones include Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Safari, and Mozilla Firefox.

Explore More! You can also check your browsing history on a Wi-Fi connection.

Safari Safari

Firefox Firefox

Microsoft Edge Mozilla Google Google Chrome Firefox Chrome

Did You Know?

The internet is so massive that no one knows exactly how many websites are on it. It’s like having a library with more books than you can ever read in a lifetime.

Services on the Internet Internet services refer to the various applications, resources, and functionalities available to users on the internet. The internet offers a wide range of services and applications that have become an important part of our daily lives. Here’s a list of some of the key services provided by the internet: 1. Email: Email, which stands for Electronic Mail, allows users to send and receive messages, files, audio, links, images, etc., over the internet. For example, Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, and so on. 2. Search engines: This enables users to search for information, websites, and multimedia content on the internet. For example, Google, Bing, and so on.

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Gmail

Yahooo

Gmail

Bing Bing Bing

Yahoo

Gmail

Google Gmail

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Ap Sa

3. File sharing: The file sharing services help to facilitate the storing and sharing of files and documents online. For example, Dropbox and Google Drive. 4. Streaming media: These allow users to stream and consume various forms of digital media, including videos, music, and podcasts. For example, Netflix (for movies and TV shows), YouTube (for user-generated videos), and Spotify (for music streaming). 5. Social media platforms: These platforms enable users to connect, communicate, and share content with friends, family, and colleagues. For example, Meta, Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn. 6. E-commerce: These provide a platform for buying and selling products and services online. For example, Amazon, eBay, Myntra, etc.

Google Google Drive Drive

Dropbox Dropbox

BitTorrent BitTorrent

Netflix Netﬂix

YouTube YouTube

Spotify Spotify

Twitter

Facebook

Meta

Twitter

Facebook Instagram Instagram

Amazon Instagram Amazon

LinkedIn LinkedIn

eBay

Myntra LinkedIn Myntra

7. Maps and navigation: These offer navigation, directions, and location-based information. For example, Google Maps, Apple Maps, Waze, and so on.

Apple Maps Apple Maps

Google Maps Google Maps

Waze

Did You Know? Raymond Samuel Tomlinson was the first person to send an email in 1971.

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Do It Yourself 2C 1

Complete the following words: a S

REA

b FI

c EM

d S

Match the following. A

E-commerce

Maps and Navigation Apps Amazon

eBay

Myntra

Twitter

Facebook

Search Engines Apple Maps

Google Maps

Instagram

Waze

LinkedIn Social Media Platforms

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Threats on the Internet The internet has brought so many benefits and opportunities, but it also comes with a range of threats and risks. Some of the risks are: 1. Malware: Malware, short for “malicious software,” refers to any software designed to harm, exploit, or compromise computer systems, networks, or users’ privacy. Various types of malware include: a. Virus: A virus is a small program designed to cause damage to your computer by gaining access to it. A virus can copy your personal data or slow down your computer. b. Worms: A computer worm is a stand-alone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. c. Trojan Horse (Trojan): Trojan Horse is a type of malware that disguises itself with a false or fake name to mislead users. It downloads onto a computer, pretending to be a genuine program. d. Ransomware: It is a mean computer trick. It locks up your important applications and asks for money to unlock them. This can cause lots of problems, like not being able to use your computer.

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3. Cyberbullying happens when people use social media platforms to be mean and hurtful to others. This can make people feel really sad and scared.

0 00 CRE DIT C 0 0 0 0 0 ARD 00 00

L ONA PERS TA DA

000

2. Phishing happens when online tricksters pretend to be nice but actually want your important information, like passwords and where you live. They send fake messages that seem real to fool you, so never share important things with anyone unknown.

#$!&

#$! &

#$!&

#$ !&

# $ !&

4. Privacy invasion means doing things that break the rules and make people feel uncomfortable or unsafe when they use the internet. This can include entering someone’s private information, watching what they do online without their permission, or sharing their personal data without asking.

Explore More! It is very important to create a strong password to keep your things safe from cyberbullies.

Netiquette Netiquette, shortform for Internet etiquette, refers to a set of guidelines and rules for polite and respectful behaviour when communicating online. Practising good netiquette is essential for a positive and productive online environment. Here are some important netiquette principles for the internet users: 1. Be kind and respectful: Treat others on the internet the way you want to be treated. Don’t say bad things or be a bully.

2. Use good language: Don’t use bad words or rude language when you are chatting or leaving comments. Use words that are nice and friendly. Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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3. Don’t share personal information: Never give out your full name, address, phone number, or other private details online. Keep your personal information safe.

4. Be careful with what you post: Think before you post pictures, videos, or messages. Make sure they are safe and don’t hurt anyone’s feelings. 5. Respect other people’s privacy: Do not go through someone’s personal content or spill others’ secrets.

6. Be careful while using emojis: Emojis are a fun and expressive way to communicate, but it’s important to use them carefully and considerately. Emojis may be more appropriate in casual conversations with friends than in formal business emails.

7. Do not spam: Spamming means sending the same message over and over again. It is annoying. Hence, do not do it. 8. Do not shout: Writing in all capital letters is like shouting when talking to someone online. Use lowercase letters most of the time.

Do It Yourself 2D 1

Complete the following words: a C

b P

c R

d W

e TR

E S

Identify the following images and write their names in the space provided.

#$!&

#$ !&

#$!&

#$ !&

# $ !&

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Points to Remember 1

The internet is a huge computer network for communication and information sharing.

Key uses of the internet are: online shopping, cashless payments, online learning, communicating with friends, and entertainment.

Requirements for connecting to the internet are: ISP, device, modem, network cable, and internet browser.

Common ways to connect to the internet are: wired, wireless, cellular, Wi-Fi, satellite, and dial-up.

Browsing the internet involves using web browsers like Edge, Chrome, Safari, and Firefox to search for information.

Internet services include email, search engines, file sharing, streaming content, social media, e-commerce, and maps/navigation apps.

Internet threats include malware, phishing, cyberbullying, and privacy invasions.

Practising netiquette is essential for polite and respectful online communication.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

shouting

ransomware

modem

ISP

WWW

A is a device that carries out the processes of both modulating and demodulating electrical signals.

Browsing the internet refers to using a web browser to search for and access information on the .

4 5

is a company that provides access to the internet.

to unlock them.

is a type of malware that can lock up your important things and ask for money

Using all capital letters when writing online is considered the equivalent of

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

What is the full form of ISP? a Internet Service Plan

b International Standard Protocol

d Internet Service Provider

Internet System Provider

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Internet services have become an important part of our daily lives. What does the term “internet services” refer to? a Physical devices used to access the internet. b Websites that provide information about the internet. c

Various applications, resources, and functionalities available on the internet to users.

d Virtual reality games that are available on the internet. 3

Which type of malware disguises itself with a fake name to mislead users? a Virus

b Worm

d Ransomware

Trojan Horse

Which is not an example of a web browser? a Google Chrome

b Safari

d Firefox

YouTube

Which term is used for using social media to be mean and hurtful to others? a Privacy invasion

b Malware

d Phishing

Cyberbullying

C. Who Am I? 1

I am a type of cable that is used to connect devices to the internet.

I am a service on the internet that facilitates the sharing and storage of files and documents online.

I am a way of connecting to the internet without using wires that uses radio waves to send and receive data.

I am the platform where you can connect and share content with your friends.

I am a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

Malwares are used to search and obtain information from the internet.

Wired internet connections are known for their reliability and speed.

Email is a way to send and receive messages using the internet.

Phishing is when people use computers and phones to be kind online.

Netiquette is a set of guidelines for polite and respectful behaviour when communicating online.

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E. Answer the Following. 1

What is the internet?

What are internet services and why do we use them?

Explain the concept of privacy invasion. Give an example.

Write down any one netiquette for ensuring safety while using the internet.

What is cyberbullying?

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Sree wants to buy a new book, but she is too busy to visit a physical store. Which internet service should she use to buy the book in the comfort of her home?

Raj, a school student who likes using social media to connect with friends and share his thoughts, recently experienced cyberbullying. What netiquette should he follow to keep things positive online?

Archi is going to her grandmother’s home by car. She is using an app that shows her directions to the desired location. Which internet service is she using?

Aanchal wants to learn about elephants by using the internet. She searches for information online. What application is she using for her internet search?

Tanya is chatting with her friend online. She is replying to her friend in capital letters. Is it correct to use capital letters online? Why/Why not?

Chapter 2 • Internet Services

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Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Creating a Table Imagine that you are planning a birthday party for your classmate Sarah. It’s going to be a surprise party, and you want to make sure everyone’s informed with the plan. To do that, you decide to create a digital invitation and a detailed schedule of the party activities. For this invitation, you will use Google Docs. Google Docs allows users to create and edit documents online while collaborating with other users in real time.

Sarah's 11th Birthday Party Date: September 18, 2023 Time: 9:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon Venue: 5-A Classroom Dear * (name) * Our classmate Sarah's 10th birthday is around the corner. I think we should get together and surprise her with a party. Thus, I am inviting you to join me in planning and throwing a great party for Sarah. I have already taken our class teacher's permission. She has allowed us to use our classroom as the place to host the party. I need a few volunteers for planning the activities as per the following schedule. Please see if your phone number is correct: * (phone no.) * This will let me call you in case I need any help.

Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–11:00 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

us make this a memorable birthday for her. everything takes place Now, we will create a plan of activitiesLetin a table to ensure that Regards, at the correct time, starting with preparing for the party and ending with tidying up (your name) (your phone no.) afterwards.

Let us learn how to create a table. A table is like a grid made up of rows and columns. The intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. Steps to create a table: 1. Open Google Docs. 2. Click on the big plus sign (+) or Blank option to create a new document. 3. Click on the Insert menu from the menu bar. 4. Select the Table option from the drop-down list that appears. 5. Select the number of rows and columns from the Table templates grid. Here, we are creating a table with 3 columns and 4 rows.

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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3 4 5

Your table is created in the document.

Let’s learn how you can add data to this table.

Did You Know?

Google Docs tables are great for creating organised lists with checkboxes, making to-do lists, and so on.

Entering Data in a Table To enter data in a table, follow these steps: 1. Click on any cell in the table. 2. Type your party information in each cell, starting with categories like Time, Activity, and Description. 3. Use Tab key to move to the next cell in the table and Shift + Tab to move to the previous cell. 40

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4. In the second row, write the time of the activity under the Time column and the activity name under the Activity column. For example, for a class party, write Set up under Activity. Write the description of the activity under the Description column. Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Description Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

Similarly, enter the details of other activities. Now that you have learnt how to enter data into a table, let’s explore how you can make changes to this table.

Editing a Table Editing a table means making some modifications to the table structure or changing the data in it. If you want to update some information, you can edit the table by following the steps given below:

1. For example, if you want to change the timing of an activity, you can locate the cell under the Time column in the corresponding row. 2. Locate the cell, then click on it to edit the time as necessary. Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–11:00 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Here, the snacks timings are being changed from “10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.” to “10:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.” Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Description

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Did You Know?

Just like you can add comments on the text in Google Docs, you can also add comments on the cells in a table.

Do It Yourself 3A 1

Plan your birthday party games! Create a table with two columns (Game Name and Players Needed) and list three games you want to play with the number of players for each game.

Answer the following. a What is editing a table?

b Write the shortcut key to move to the previous cell in a table.

Now that you’ve learnt how to create a table, enter data, and edit it, let’s learn how to format a table in Google Docs.

Formatting a Table When you write something on a computer or on paper, you can change the way it looks to make it easier or more interesting to read. Formatting means to change the overall appearance of a table. Let’s start formatting by changing the row height of a table.

Changing Row Height You wish to make your party-planning table look even better. You can change the height of the rows to make things easier to read and more organised. A row is a horizontal arrangement of cells or boxes that runs from left to right. Row height is the vertical distance between the top and bottom borders of a row in a table. To change the height of rows, follow the steps given below: 1. Right-click in the row that you want to make taller or shorter. A context menu will appear. 42

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2. Select the Table properties option. Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Description

Set up

Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items.

Lunch

Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks

Games

Friends can bond with each other over some games.

3. In the Table properties pane, click on the Row category. 4. Select the Minimum row height check box. 5. Adjust the row height value to change the row’s height.

3 4 5

The row height will be changed as shown in the image.

Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

You can also open the Table properties pane by selecting the Format → Table → Table properties option from the menu bar. Similarly, you can change the width of a table’s columns. Let’s discuss how.

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Description

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Did You Know?

You can sort data in Google Docs tables by selecting a column and using the ascending (A to Z) or descending (Z to A) sorting options in the toolbar.

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Changing Column Width A column is a vertical arrangement of cells or boxes that run from top to bottom. Column width is the horizontal distance between the left and right borders of a column in a table. The column width can be changed using the following steps: 1. Right-click on the column that you want to make wider or narrower.

2. Select the Table properties option from the context menu that appears. 1 Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items.

Lunch

Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m. 11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Description

Friends can bond with each other duringsome games.

3. In the Table properties pane, click on the Column category.

4. Adjust the column width value to make the column wider or narrower.

3 4

The column width will be changed as shown in the image. Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

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An important concept while learning about formatting tables is the splitting of cells. This helps you to categorise more information. Let’s learn how you can split cells in a table in Google Docs.

Splitting Cells Splitting cells in a table can help you separate and categorise information in a clear and structured way. For example, you can split up the lunch activity to include smaller activities like lunch and talking. Steps to split cells are as follows: 1. Right-click on the cell that you want to split into smaller parts.

2. A context menu will appear. 3. Select the Split cell option. Time

Activity

Description Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items.

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other over some games.

4. The Split cell dialog box will appear, asking you to specify how many rows and columns you want to divide the cell into. Enter the number of rows and columns based on how you want to organise your information.

5. Click on the Split button to confirm your choices and split the selected cell. The cell will be divided into smaller cells based on your specifications. 6. Type the desired information in the split cells.

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Description Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items. Talking

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks. Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Sometimes, larger cells are required in a table to enter headings or other information. Let’s learn how we can merge table cells to combine information effectively.

Explore More! See how to fill a table in Google Docs with colours by scanning this QR!

Merging Cells Merging cells in a table can help you combine information and create headings, improving the clarity and organisation of the table. Merging cells is like combining two or more cells in a table to create a single, larger cell. Steps to merge the cells are as follows: 1. To merge cells, first select the cells you want to combine. You can do this by clicking and dragging over the cells.

2. Once the cells are selected, right-click on them.

3. In the menu that pops up, click on the Merge cells option.

Time 9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Activity Set up

1 10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Description

3 Talking

Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items. Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks Friends can bond with each other over some games.

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4. The selected cells will become one big cell. When two cells are merged, the text written in both cells is also merged. You can change the text according to your requirement. Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks Talking

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Adding Rows and Columns to a Table After creating a table, you can add more rows and columns to it by following the steps: 1. Right-click in the cell where you want to add a row/column. The context menu that appears allows you to add a column to the left or right of the selected cell. Similarly, it also has options to add a row above or below the selected cell.

2. Select the Insert row below option.

Time

Activity

Description 2

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Lunch and Talking

Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other some games.

A row will be inserted. Similarly, you can add a column by selecting the Insert column left/ Insert column right option.

Removing Rows and Columns from a Table Sometimes, you may need to remove a row/column from a table. You can remove a row/ column from a table by following the given steps: 1. Select the row/column you want to delete and right-click on it. Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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2. Select the Delete row option.

Time

Activity

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Description Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items. Allow the friends to sit down2and socailize over food and drinks Friends can bond with each other some games.

Similarly, you can delete a column. Now, let’s learn how to apply borders and shading to a table.

Applying Borders and Shading Applying borders and shading to a table in Google Docs can enhance its visual appeal and make it stand out. Borders: It is like a dark outline around any text or picture that makes it look a little standout. Shading: It means to set the background colour of a cell. Follow the steps below to apply border and shading to a table: 1. Right-click on any cell of your table. 2. Select the Table properties option. Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the part hall with balloons and decoration items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Lunch

Allow the friends to sit down and socailize over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other some games.

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3. The Table properties pane will appear. Click on the Color category. You will see a Table border option.

4. Here, you can select the colour and thickness for the table border.

5. You can also set a background colour of cell by using the Cell background color option.

6. Click on a desired colour from the palette. You can see that the colour of the table heading background has now changed. Time

Activity

Description

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socailise over food and drinks

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other over some games.

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Let’s learn how you can change the type of a border:

1. Select the border that you want to change by clicking on it.

2. Click on the Border dash from the Toolbar. A list of different types of borders will appear.

3. Select the type of border which you want to apply. The selected border will be changed. Similarly, you can change the border of whole table.

Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Now that we have learnt how to add borders to a table, let’s learn how to align the text in the table. Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Aligning Texts Horizontally Horizontal text alignment refers to how the text is positioned within a cell, deciding whether it aligns with the left, centre, or right margins. Steps to align the text are as follows: 1. Select the text you want to align.

2. Click on the 3 dots in the upper right-hand corner of the page. 3. Click on the Align button in the Toolbar.

4. Select the alignment you want to apply to your text: Left: Aligns the text to the left margin.

Center: Aligns the text to the centre of the cell. Right: Aligns the text to the right margin. Justify: Aligns the text in between left and right margins of the cells, filling the line space. 2 3 4

Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Aligning Text Vertically Vertical alignment refers to the position of a text within the top and bottom edges of a cell in a table. Steps to apply the vertical alignment are as follows: 1. Select the cell or a range of cells, whose text alignment you want to modify. 2. Right-click on the selected cell.

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3. Select the Table properties option. The Table properties pane opens.

4. Click on the Cell category. It will show two options: Cell vertical alignment and Cell padding. The Cell vertical alignment option gives you three options: • Top: It aligns the text to the top edge of the cell.

• Middle: It aligns the text to the centre of the top and bottom edges of the cell. • Bottom: It aligns the text to the bottom edge of the cell.

The Cell padding option allows you to adjust the space between the edges of the cell and the content of the cell. 5. Select the desired alignment option.

The text will appear in the selected vertical alignment.

Do It Yourself 3B 1

What is the difference between merging cells and splitting cells in a table? Merging Cells

What are borders in a table? How are they useful?

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Splitting Cells

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Points to Remember 1

A table in Google Docs is a grid made up of rows and columns.

You can enter data in a table by clicking on a cell and typing the information.

Editing a table involves clicking on cells to make changes, such as modifying text or data.

ou can change the appearance of a table by adjusting row heights, column widths, and Y adding borders.

Splitting cells allows you to divide a cell into smaller parts for better organisation.

Merging cells combines multiple selected cells into one large cell.

Border and shading can be applied to tables to enhance their visual appeal.

ext alignment determines how a text is positioned within a cell, including left, centre, right, or T justified alignment.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

rows

columns

grid

center

vertical

A table in Google Docs is like a

To create a table, select Insert → Table option and select the number of you need.

Row height is the a table.

Merging cells combines

The

adjacent

made up of rows and columns. and

distance between the top and bottom borders of a row in cells into one large cell. alignment option centres the text within a cell.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

How do you start creating a table in Google Docs? a Open a new email. b Click on the Insert menu. c

Open Google Docs and click on the plus sign (+) or Blank.

d Open a new browser tab. 2

What does splitting cells mean in the context of a table? a Combining two or more cells into one larger cell. b Changing the font size of the text inside the cells. c

Dividing a cell into smaller parts.

d Adding a background colour to cells. 52

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What is the purpose of adding borders to the cells of a table? a To make the table look bigger. b To make the text bold. c

To make the table visually appealing and stand out.

d To change the font style. 4

To combine two cells, which feature is used in Google Docs? a Merging cells

b Splitting cells

d None of these

Both a and b

How can you change the row height in a table to make it easier to read? a By clicking on the table border. b By changing the background colour. c

By adjusting the row height value in the Table properties pane.

d None of these

C. Who Am I? 1

I am the menu in Google Docs that is used to change the table properties.

I am a vertical arrangement of cells or boxes that run from top to bottom.

I am the horizontal distance between the left and right borders of a column in a table.

I am like a dark outline around any text or picture that makes it look a little standout.

I determine whether your text lines up to the left, centre, or right in a table cell.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

The intersection of a row and a column is called a table.

Moving from one cell to another can be done using the Ctrl key on your keyboard.

You can set the horizontal alignment of the text by clicking on the Align button in the Toolbar.

You can’t change the appearance of a table by adding borders or shading.

The Justify option aligns the text in between left and right margins of the cells.

Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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E. Answer the Following. 1

What is a cell in a table?

What is the difference between rows and columns?

Write the two methods to open the Table properties pane.

Which option is used to change the type of border of a table?

Write the names of any three text alignments in Google Docs.

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

You receive an allowance of ₹1000. Create a table with two columns, one for how much money you will spend and one for how much you will save, and explain your choices.

You have Maths, Science and History homework. Create the table with three columns, one for each subject, and mark which one you will start with and why.

Create a table with two columns, one for destination ideas for a trip you want to go on with your family, and one for the activities you’d like to do on the trip.

Imagine you have three breakfast options: cereal, toast, and fruit. Create a table with two columns, one for the breakfast item and the other for the reason you would choose it.

Leena has a table listing various tasks for a project. She realises that some cells contain related subtasks that need to be grouped together. Which feature of Google Docs should she use to create a cleaner layout?

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Chapter 3 • Tables in Google Docs

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Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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Mail Merge In the last chapter, you were planning a birthday party for your classmate, Sarah. You used tables in Google Docs to plan the party activities with their time and description. Imagine that you want to invite ten friends of Sarah’s to the party. You have already prepared the itinerary for the party in the last chapter. In this chapter, you will prepare an invitation with all the details of the party and then, send this invitation to all your friends. You have two ways to send this letter to everyone. You can either send a common letter without any personal touch, like their name or contact number, or you can send the same invitation to everyone with their name or contact number. Which do you think will be the better option? Sending the personalised invitation letters will be a better way. This can be achieved through a feature of Google Docs called Mail Merge. Mail Merge is a tool in Google Docs that helps you send the same letter or document to many people.

Discuss!

What would be a better idea—writing an invitation by yourself or doing this job using Mail Merge?

Mail Merge involves two documents: 1. M ain document: The first file is the main document. In our case, this will be the invitation. 2. D atasource: The second document will contain the information of the friends who are invited to the party. We will call this Document List of Friends. This list will be stored in a file, as a spreadsheet, with separate fields for each type of information. When you use Mail Merge, it takes information from the Google Sheets and inserts it into the empty spaces in the letter, one by one, until all the letters are ready to be sent.

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Main Document The main document contains the text that is to be sent to all the recipients. In our case, we will refer to this document as Invite. This will remain the same in all the letters you send.

How to Create the Main Document In our case, this will be the invitation letter for Sarah’s birthday party which needs to be sent to ten of her friends. Let us prepare it. The steps to do this are as follows: 1. Open Google Docs on your computer. 2. Click on the Blank button. This will open a blank document in which you can type the invitation. 3. Type a unique name in the Title bar for the document. 4. Click on the page and place your cursor where you want to start typing. 5. Type your message. 3

⇒

6. Copy the itinerary tableTime that we created in the last chapter and paste it in this Activity Description document. This will be9:00our invite thatSetwe needSetto send to ten friends. up the party hall with balloons up a.m.–10:00 a.m. and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

Let us make this a memorable birthday for her.

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Regards, (your name) (your phone no.)

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Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Let us make this a memorable birthday for her. Regards, (your name) (your phone no.)

Datasource A datasource is the list of recipients to whom you want to send the invite. In this example, we have named it the List of Friends. The datasource contains the details of the recipients like name, address, phone number, etc., that will be used in your mail merge.

How to Create a Datasource In our example, the datasource will be the list of ten friends who will receive the invitation letter. Let us prepare the recipients list (invitee list) for Sarah’s birthday party. Follow these steps to do this: 1. Open Google Chrome. 2. Type docs.google.com in the address bar and press the Enter key.

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3. C lick on the Blank button. This will open a blank sheet in which you can enter the list of ten friends. 4. T ype a unique name in the Title bar. In this case, we have named the sheet List of Friends. 5. T ype the name of the column headings in the first row of the sheet. In our case, this will be the Name, Contact no., Email ID. 6. Type in the details of ten friends in the respective columns, as already shown. 4

⇒

5 6

After you have entered the details of all ten friends, go back to the Invite in the Google Docs.

How to Add the List of Friends in the Invite Before adding the List of Friends in the invite, you need to add a Mail Merge extension in it. Follow the given steps to add the Mail Merge extension: 1. Click on the Extensions menu from the menu bar. 2. Click on the Add-ons option. 3. Click on Get add-ons option. 1 2

4. The Google Workspace Marketplace dialog box will appear. Scroll down and look for the Mail Merge extension and click on it. If it is not visible, type ‘Mail Merge’ in the Search apps box.

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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5. The information of the extension will appear. Click on the Install button.

6. The Get ready to install pop-up box will appear. Click on the CONTINUE button. 7. I t will ask for sign-in information. Click on the email registered with Google Docs. 8. I t will then ask for permission to access your Google account. Give permission by clicking on the Allow button.

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9. T he installation process will start and within a few seconds, Mail Merge extension will be installed. Click on the DONE button in the popup box. 10. The Google Workspace Marketplace dialog box will reappear with the Uninstall button. Close the Google Workspace Marketplace dialog box. After adding the Mail Merge extension, follow the given steps to merge the Invite and List of Friends:

1. Click on Extensions > Mail Merge > Start.

2. T his will open the Mail Merge pane. Click on the Open Spreadsheet button.

You can also click on the Create Sheet button to create a sheet at this stage.

3. The Select a Spreadsheet File dialog box appears displaying a list of spreadsheets available on your Google Drive. Search for the spreadsheet you want to use for Mail Merge. In our case, it is the List of Friends. Click on the file to select the file. 4. Click on the Select button.

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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In the Mail Merge pane, you will see the List of Friends is the name of the selected sheet, which is currently active for Mail Merge.

Think and Tell

What can be the recipient list if you are sending a report card through Mail Merge?

Do It Yourself 4A 1

Find these words in the word grid. List

Document

Mail Merge

Answer the following questions. a What is the main document in Mail Merge?

b Name the menu used to add the Mail Merge extension.

Inserting Merge Fields Once you attach the Invite to the List of Friends, you can merge fields to personalise a document with information from the List of Friends. You need to insert fields that are 66

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stored in the Name and Contact no. columns from the List of Friends sheet into the Invite. A Merge Field is where you want to insert information from a spreadsheet document or datasource into a main document.

Explore More! You can also insert images in a Mail Merge.

The steps to insert merge fields are given below: 1. C lick on the drop-down arrow of the Sheet option to choose a particular sheet in the Mail Merge pane. There may be many sheets in a Google Sheets file. 1

2. C lick on the Merge Field drop-down arrow to select the field you want to use in your Invite. 3. C lick on the Add button. Before this, you need to place the cursor where you want to use that field in the Invite. For example, in our Invite, you want to write name in every letter after the word Dear. In the Invite, you will see the field name enclosed in *|fieldname|*. Your document Invite will look like the picture given below.

4. Similarly, add other fields also.

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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5. Click on the Options button on the Mail Merge pane. The Options pop-up box will open. It will let you choose how you want to display your merged letters or emails. 6. Click on the Merge Letters Into drop-down list. This will allow you to choose how you want your letters to be merged: whether you want all the letters in a single document or if you prefer a separate file for every letter. 7. Select the Single document (merge all rows into a single file) option. 8. Click on the My Drive option. This will save the merged document to your drive. 9. Click on the Save button. It will save the document. 10. The Mail Merge pane will appear again. Click on the Show Email Settings button if you want to send the letters as emails.

11. Select the Letters option from the Merge to list box because we want to send our invites as letters. 12. Click on the Merge button. It will merge Invite with the List of Friends.

Did You Know?

With Mail Merge, you can send messages to anywhere between 400 and 1500 email recipients per day.

11 12

Think and Tell

How can Mail Merge help save paper and be more eco-friendly?

Viewing Merge Fields Viewing merge fields is simply to check whether the letter has been created with all the recipients on the list.

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1. O nce you click the Merge button in the Mail Merge pane, a pop-up box will be displayed, prompting you to confirm the merging of the letters. Click on the Yes button.

pop-up box displaying that the merging process has A started will appear. Once the merge is completed, another pop-up indicating a successful merge will be displayed.

2. I n this pop-up box, you’ll see the document name where all merged letters are stored. Click on the blue link to access all the merged letters in that file.

This is how you can use Mail Merge in your documents. Like the letters, you can also create envelopes and emails.

Sarah's 11th Birthday Party Date: September 18, 2023 Time: 9:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon Venue: 5-A Classroom Dear Raj Our classmate Sarah's 10th birthday is around the corner. I think we should get together and surprise her with a party. Thus, I am inviting you to join me in planning and throwing a great party for Sarah. I have already taken our class teacher's permission. She has allowed us to use our classroom as the place to host the party. I need a few volunteers for planning the activities as per the following schedule. Please see if your phone number is correct: 1234567890 This will let me call you in case I need any help.

Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m. – 12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Let us make this a memorable birthday for her. Regards, (your name) (your phone no.)

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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Printing Letters After merging the letters, you can take printouts of the letters. To take the printout of merged letters, follow the steps given below: 1. Open the Invite. 2. Click on the Print icon on the Toolbar. The Print dialog box opens. Choose suitable options from the Print dialog box. 3. Click on the Print button to print the letters. Sarah's 11th Birthday Party Date: September 18, 2023 Time: 9:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon Venue: 5-A Classroom Dear Raj Our classmate Sarah's 10th birthday is around the corner. I think we should get together and surprise her with a party. Thus, I am inviting you to join me in planning and throwing a great party for Sarah. I have already taken our class teacher's permission. She has allowed us to use our classroom as the place to host the party. I need a few volunteers for planning the activities as per the following schedule. Please see if your phone number is correct: 1234567890 This will let me call you in case I need any help.

Time

Activity

Description

9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m.

Set up

Set up the party hall with balloons and decorative items.

10:00 a.m.–10:30 a.m.

Snacks

Allow the friends to sit down and socialise over food and drinks.

11:00 a.m.–12:00 Noon

Games

Friends can bond with each other during some games.

Discuss!

Share some real-life scenarios where you can use Mail Merge.

Do It Yourself 4B 1

Rearrange the steps of Mail Merge in the correct order (1–5). Prepare a list of friends.

Insert merge fields.

Print the letters.

View the letters.

Prepare the invite.

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Write T for True and F for false. a You can merge a letter for only five people at a time. b After merging the letters in Google Docs, you can take a printout. c You cannot save the merged letters.

Points to Remember 1

ail Merge is a tool that can send a common letter to different recipients with personalised M information merged into it.

The two documents required for Mail Merge are the main document and the datasource.

The main document contains the text that will remain the same for all recipients.

he datasource contains details of the recipients like name, address, phone number, etc., that T will be used in your mail merge.

A datasource can be created using any spreadsheet application.

Fields from the datasource can be extracted and merged with the main document.

Using Mail Merge, you can create emails, letters, and envelopes.

ou have the option to either create a separate document for each letter or consolidate all the Y letters into a single document.

You can print all the letters with the personalised information included in them.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

datasource

personalise

view

recipients

main document

Mail Merge is used to send the same letter to multiple

The

will remain the same for all the recipients.

shows all the records to be used in mail merge.

Fields can be merged to the recipient list.

the main document with the information fetched from

Before printing, you can

your letters to check the appearance of your document.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

What is Mail Merge? a Sending one letter to many people at a time. b Sending many personalised letters at once. c

Writing a story with a pen.

d Sending emails to one person at a time. Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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What will you put in the datasource? a List of your favourite games. b Details which will be merged with the letters. c

Different documents from your computer.

d List of your school subjects. 3

What are merge fields in Mail Merge? a All fields of the datasource. b Information inserted from the datasource. c

Information from the main document.

d Sender names 4

What are the main steps of Mail Merge? a Prepare the main document. b Prepare the datasource. c

Insert merge field.

d All of these. 5

You can view the merged fields

a by checking the main document only. b by checking the datasource only. c

by checking the document which is created after merging.

d by checking the main document before merging.

C. Who Am I? 1

I will help you to send the same personalised letter to different recipients.

I am the common document for all the recipients.

I am the document which will have the details about the recipients in it.

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I am a button in the Mail Merge pane that helps you to insert the merge field in the main document.

I am an icon in the Toolbar that allows you to take a hard copy of every letter.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

To add Mail Merge extension in Google Docs, click on the Extensions menu.

Insert Merge Fields is the step where you put your own name in the letter.

Before starting to merge the fields, you need to create a datasource.

You cannot use an already created datasource in a Mail Merge.

You can view all the letters in one document after merging.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What is the importance of Mail Merge?

What is a datasource? Why do we need it in the Mail Merge?

What is a main document?

What are the main steps to use Mail Merge?

What are the merge fields?

Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Rita wants to invite her friends to a party. She wants to prepare a letter that can be sent to all her friends. What is the term for the document, that will contain the same content for each recipient?

Monika wants to prepare a list of her friends who will join her at a party. Where should she prepare that list so that it can be merged with the common letter?

Manan is organising a pool party for his friends. What would the merged fields be, so that every letter would have a personalised touch?

Jai has collected some jokes to share with his friends. He has created a list containing the email addresses of his friends. What do we call this list in the context of Mail Merge?

Pihu has created a document and she used Mail Merge to send it to all of her friends. She wants to send these letters as an email. Is it possible for her to do it? How?

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Chapter 4 • Mail Merge Using Google Docs

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Chapter 5 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Chapter 5 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Introduction to Presentations When you share an idea or a thought with an audience, a visual representation—with pictures, words, videos, and sound—makes this task much easier. This helps to get the message across to the audience. It also helps the audience to visualise the idea and makes them interested in what you’re saying. Now, imagine you are standing in front of your class, showing them a beautiful presentation while explaining your science project! A presentation is a way to share information, ideas, or stories using a combination of pictures, text, and sometimes even audio or video.

Discuss!

How do you think presentations could help your teacher during a class?

We can create presentations on different applications like PowerPoint, Canva, Google Slides, etc. In this chapter, we will learn to create beautiful presentations on Google Slides. Google Slides is one of Google’s apps that is used to create presentations online.

Creating a Presentation Using Google Slides Let us learn how to create a new presentation on Google Slides: 1. Open the Google Chrome browser and go to the link: https://docs.google.com/presentation/ 2. Click on the plus + sign to open a blank presentation.

We have learnt how to create a new presentation on Google Slides. Now, let us learn about the different parts of the presentation window. Chapter 5 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Parts of a Google Slides Window The main parts of a Google Slides window are: 1

Components

Purpose

1. Presentation Title

It shows the name of a presentation.

Menu Bar

It contains various menus like File, Edit, View, etc. Each menu offers different options.

Toolbar

It contains tools for quick and easy access.

Slide Workspace

The area where you add items such as text, images, and videos for a slide.

Slide Navigation Pane

Space where you can see thumbnails or miniature images of all the slides of your presentation.

Speaker Notes

The area where you can add notes for the speaker to remember important points during the presentation.

Slideshow Button

Turns the slides into the presenter mode to showcase the slides in full-screen mode.

Did You Know? Ancient Egyptians used papyrus scrolls to record information in the same way we use digital documents and presentations nowadays.

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Now, let us learn how to choose themes that suit our presentation. Let us also learn to use various layouts to organise our slides.

Applying Themes Themes are like special designs for your slides. They make the presentation look colourful and interesting, just like wearing different clothes for different occasions. When you start making a presentation in Google Slides, you can choose different themes. Imagine you’re creating a presentation about the Seven Sister States of India. To apply themes to this presentation, open Google Slides and follow the given steps: 1. Click on the presentation title bar in the newly created presentation. 2. Enter the title Seven Sister States of India in the title bar. 3. Click on the Slide menu in menu bar.

4. Select the Change theme option. The Themes pane will open on the right-hand side. It will contain different themes that are available.

5. Check out different themes for your slide and click on a theme of your choice. The selected theme will be applied to all the slides. 3

Think and Tell If you were making a presentation on forests, which colour theme would you choose?

Chapter 5 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Modifying Themes Sometimes, we might like a theme but we still want to make certain changes in it. To do that, we can use different colours, fonts, effects, and background styles. Modifying themes in a presentation is important because it allows you to make the presentation look exactly the way you want it to. It is like deciding upon and changing the colours and decorations for your room to match your idea of decorating it. Let us learn how to give your presentation a personal touch.

Selecting New Colours for the Background To add new colours to the background of your slides: 1. Select the slide in the Slide Navigation Pane. 2. Click on the Slide menu in the menu bar.

3. Select the Change background option from the drop-down menu. 2

4. The Background pane appears. Select the colour of your choice from the Color drop-down list. 5. Click on the Done button.

Did You Know?

Colours can make people feel emotions. For example, blue might make you feel calm and yellow might make you feel happy.

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Applying Layouts Layouts determine how your content, such as titles, text, and images, is organised on the slide. You can choose a different layout for each selected slide. Let us learn how to add different layouts to different slides: 1. Select the slide in the Slide Navigation pane. 2. Click on the Slide menu from the menu bar. 3. Select the Apply layout option.

4. You will see different layout options, choose the one you like the most. 2

3 4

Your slide will change to that layout, and have a whole new look!

Chapter 5 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Similarly, you can use a Title and Body layout to talk about each of the seven state’s cultures. Assam

Arunachal Pradesh

Assam is famous for its tea gardens and the mighty Brahmaputra River. It's home to the one-horned rhinoceros too!

Arunachal Pradesh is a land of beautiful mountains and green forests. ‘It’s the place where the sun rises ﬁrst in India, making it really special.

Manipur

Meghalaya

Manipur is famous for its special dance called Manipuri dance, and it's a land of colourful ﬂowers and traditional crafts.

Meghalaya means abode of clouds. It's a place with lots of rain, amazing waterfalls, and a living root bridge that's made by nature.

Mizoram

Nagaland

Mizoram is a place of hills and valleys, and it's known for its unique bamboo houses and the colourful festival called Chapchar Kut.

Nagaland is a land of many tribes, each with its own special traditions. It's also known for the Hornbill Festival, a big celebration of cultures.

Tripura Nestled among hills, Tripura is a land of splendid palaces and temples, where stories of the past come to life in every corner.

Do It Yourself 5A 1

Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks. a

The i

shows the name of a presentation. Presentation Title

iii Speaker Notes b

ii Toolbar iv Slide Workspace

An area where you add items such as text, images, and videos for a slide is called the . i

Menu bar

iii Speaker Notes

ii Toolbar iv Slide Workspace

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The i

holds tools for quick and easy access. ii Toolbar

Presentation Title

iii Slides panel 2

iv Themes section

Match the Following. A

Theme

It is used to change the background of the slides.

Layout

It is like a special design for your slide.

Slide → Change background

It is an online presentation-making app.

Google Slides

It determines how your content is organised on the slide.

Inserting Tables Tables are used to organise information neatly and in an easy-to-understand manner. They help you put information clearly in rows and columns. Let us say we want to show the capital cities of each state. We can use a table in Google Slides. To insert a table: 1. Click on the Insert menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Table option from the drop-down list.

3. Pick the number of rows and columns required from the grid that appears. The table will appear on the slide. 1

4. Type in the states in one column and their capitals in the next column. You can adjust the size of the table and add colours using the Fill color tool to make it look beautiful.

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The Fill color tool is used to fill colour in a table’s cell, row, column, or complete table. This tool will appear on the Toolbar when you click on the table cell.

Capital Cities State

Capital

Assam

Dispur

Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar

Nagaland

Kohima

Manipur

Imphal

Meghalaya

Shillong

Tripura

Agartala

Mizoram

Aizawl

Inserting Charts Charts are graphics or visual representations that are used to display and compare data easily. Charts make your information more interesting and easier to understand. There are different kinds of charts in Google Slides, such as: • Bar chart: A bar chart represents data using bars of different lengths, which are arranged sideways.

• Column chart: A column chart represents data using bars of different heights, which are arranged like columns. • Line chart: A line chart represents data using a series of points which are connected by a line. • Pie chart: A pie chart represents data using ‘slices’ of a whole circle. The size of each ‘slice’ shows how much value that specific ‘slice’ holds.

Bar

Column

Line

Pie

Suppose that in our presentation, we want to show the number of elephants in four different North-Eastern states. We can use a column chart to represent this data. 88

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To insert a chart: 1. Click on the Insert menu from the menu bar. 2. Select the Chart option.

3. Select the type of chart. Let us select Column chart. 1

4. The Column chart will be inserted on the slide. Now, click on the three dots right-hand corner and select Open source.

in the

A new Google Sheet will open containing a table. This is where we will add the data, that is, the number of elephants in the four states. Google Sheets is another app by Google which is used to record and work with numbers, words, formulas, etc. You will learn more about it in the next chapters. For now, we will write the number of elephants for each state in this table. This data will be reflected directly on the chart.

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Now, let us enter the data. a. Enter the name of the states in the first column. Enter the number of elephants in the second column. Remember to rename the columns to State and Number of Elephants. b. Delete the third column as we don’t need it. You can simply click on the column and press the Backspace key on the keyboard to do so. a

5. After you enter your data, return to your slide and click on Update button.

Your column chart will appear on the slide. Each state will have its own colourful columns.

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The taller the column, the more animals there are. Looking at the chart shown above, we can easily say that Assam has the largest population of elephants and Nagaland has the smallest. This way, we can easily compare the elephant population in different states.

Inserting Diagrams Diagrams are colourful pictures that help you show how things are connected, explain processes, or display information in a clear and organised way.

In our project about the seven sister states of India, we can use diagrams to show the folk dances of some states. Let’s follow the steps given below: 1. Click on the Insert menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Diagram option. We will see various types of diagrams you can use, like Grid, Hierarchy, and more. 3. Since we are showing the folk dances of different states, a Cycle might be a good choice. Select the Cycle option.

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4. The Cycle pane appears on the right-hand side. Customise your diagram by adding more shapes and labels. The maximum number of Steps in a cycle is 5. You can also select suitable colours and styles of diagram based on your project’s requirements. 5. You can also customise the diagram by using the Fill color tool to colour the different components of the diagram. The style and colour that you select will apply to the diagram.

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Working with Master Slide The Master Slide is like the main slide. Think of it as a slide that allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation all at once. Suppose, we want the image of our national flag on all of our slides. What would we do? We could add the image in each of the slides, resizing and placing it how we want it to be. But if you have fifteen slides, would it not be easier if we could make the changes in one slide and it could reflect on all the slides? Here, the master slide comes into play. In Google Slides, we have the Edit theme option of the Slide menu, which helps us reflect one change in all the slides. When you use a theme, it changes the colours, fonts, and background designs of all your slides. Let’s understand how by following the steps given below: 1. Click on the Slide menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Edit theme option from the drop-down list. 1

3. A pane will appear with lots of colourful slides as options.

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4. Copy the image you want to add and paste it here on the slide.

5. Resize the image according to your choice and place it anywhere that you want it to appear.

6. You will notice that the image has been added to all the slides.

Similarly, you can add titles, change the font, add more images, visuals, etc., to the main slide and it will reflect on all the slides of your presentation. 94

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Changing Slides’ Order Changing the order of the slides means to rearrange the slides in a desired order. Suppose you want to change the existing order of the slides. You can click and drag the slides in the sidebar to arrange them in the order that you want.

Explore More! Learn to draw a cartoon character in Google Slides!

Do It Yourself 5B 1

Fill in the Blanks. a

displays data across rows and columns.

are graphics that are used to display and compare data easily.

c A column chart represents data using

bars of different heights.

d The is a slide that allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation all at once. 2

Write the correct order of steps (1 to 4) to add changes to all the slides using the master slide: a Select Edit theme from the drop-down. b Click on Slide from the menu bar. c Add the changes in selected master slide. d A pane will appear.

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Points to Remember presentation is a way to share information, ideas, or stories using a combination of visuals, A text, and sometimes even audio.

Google Slides is one of Google’s apps that is used to create presentations online.

2 3

hemes are special designs for your slides. They make your presentation look colourful and T interesting.

Layouts determine how your content is organised on the slide, such as titles, text, and images.

Tables are used to organise information neatly and in an easy-to-understand manner.

Charts are visual representations or graphics that are used to display and compare data easily.

iagrams are colourful pictures that help you show how things are connected, explain D processes, or display information in a clear and organised way.

he master slide is similar to the main slide and allows you to change your entire presentation’s T look all at once.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

columns

bar holds various menus like File, Edit, View, etc.

are like special designs for your slides.

themes

To apply a layout on a slide, select Slide >

Tables consist of rows and

The all at once.

master

apply

layout

option. .

slide allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which component of Google Slides allows you to add notes for the speaker during a presentation? a Slide Workspace c

d Toolbar

What is the purpose of a theme in Google Slides? a To change the design of the presentation.

b To change the font style.

To change the layout of the presentation.

d To insert charts and tables.

c 3

Speaker Notes

b Slides Panel

Which menu will you use to change the background colour of a theme in Google Slides? a Insert menu

b Slide menu

View menu

d File menu

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What are tables used for in Google Slides? a Creating diagrams. b Displaying information neatly in rows and columns. c

Applying theme.

d Changing slide backgrounds. 5

Which chart is used to represent data using horizontal bars of different lengths? a Bar chart c

Line chart

b Column chart d Pie chart

C. Who Am I? 1

I am a component in Google Slides window that turns the slides into the presenter mode to showcase the slides in full-screen mode.

I am a pane in Google Slides that contains different themes for your presentation.

I am a menu that allows you to add a table into your presentation.

I am a set of colourful pictures that helps you show how things are connected and explain processes.

I am a type of chart in Google Slides that represents data with a series of data points connected by a line.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

Google Slides is a tool for creating and sharing documents.

Themes in Google Slides only change the background colours of your slides.

A column chart is a circular graph which uses slices to represent the relative size of data.

Changing slide order in Google Slides means deleting some slides.

Diagrams in Google Slides are used mainly for creating mathematical charts.

E. Answer the Following. 1

Write the names of any three presentation applications.

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What is Slide Navigation pane in Google Slides?

What is the difference between themes and layouts?

In which menu is the Edit theme option present?

What is a pie chart?

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Imagine Shaina is making a presentation on her favourite book. What features would she use to make it look good?

Himank is preparing a presentation on different animals found in a zoo. He wants to organise information about the animals’ names, habitats, and diets in rows and columns. Which feature should he use?

Vamika wants to showcase pictures of various sports for her school’s annual sports day in full-screen mode. Name the component of the Google Slides window that can help her achieve this.

Suppose Komal is giving a presentation on the solar system. Which option should she use to ensure that a specific image, such as a planet, appears consistently on all the slides?

Saharsh has created a presentation on famous monuments around the world. He realises that he wants to change the order in which the slides were arranged. Which feature of Google Slides will help him achieve this?

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Chapter 6 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Applying Animations In our previous chapter, we explored how to create effective presentations. However, the presentation did not have anything that moved and was animated in any way. So, is there a way that you can make those additions to your slides? Of course you can! You can do it by using animation. Now, let us understand what animation is. Animation is a process through which you can bring still objects, such as text, shapes, images, charts, logos, etc., ‘to life’ by making them move. Animation is a great tool with which you can make your presentation lively and engaging. You can add one animation effect to multiple objects or add more than one animation effect to a single object. It enables you to control the flow of information presented or convey processes and alterations with greater efficiency. It also helps you connect with your audience in a better way. But applying too many animations distracts the audience from the actual content. So let us start with how to add animation to your slides. We will be using the same project that you created in the last chapter.

Did You Know?

The word “Animation” comes from the Latin word “Anima”, which means “soul”. So, the process of animation refers to making characters come to life.

Adding Animation Let us learn how to add animation to our presentation. Open the presentation on “Seven Sister States of India” in Google Slides. Follow the steps given below to add animation to different objects on a slide: 1. Select an object on a slide that you want to animate. 2. Click on the Insert menu in the menu bar. 3. Select the Animation option from the drop-down list. The Motion pane will open on the right-hand side. Chapter 6 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Motion Pane

4. In the Motion pane, go to the Object Animations section. ere, the first option is Animation type. Click H on this option and select an animation from the drop-down list.

5. The next option is the Start condition. Select one of the following options from the dropdown list:

4 5

On click: Animation starts when you click your mouse.

After previous: Animation starts once the previous animation ends. With previous: Animation starts with the previous animation. 6. If the object is a placeholder or text box, the By paragraph check box will be displayed. If this check box is checked, each paragraph of text in the box will be displayed one by one. Otherwise, the entire box will be displayed at once. 7. If you want to add more animations, you can select an object and click on the Add animation option. 8. Click on the Play button to check how that animation effect works on the selected object.

Explore More! You can convert your Google slides into an animated GIF.

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Applying Transition Transition is a way to move smoothly from one slide to the next. A slide transition provides a visual effect that takes place when one slide changes to another during a presentation. You can control its speed, add sound, and personalise the appearance of these transition effects. To add a transition effect to your presentation, you need to follow the steps given below: 1. Select the slide to which you want to apply the transition effect. 2. Click on the Slide menu from the menu bar. 3. Select the Transition option from the drop-down list. lternatively, you can right-click on the selected slide from the Slide Navigation pane A and click on the Transition option. 2 1

4. The Motion pane will appear on the righthand side. In the Motion pane, go to the Slide Transition section. Select the Transition type from the dropdown list. 5. Set the transition’s Duration by dragging the slider. This slider will only appear once you have selected the Transition type. 6. Click on the Apply to all slides button to apply this transition effect to all the slides.

Transition type

Duration

I f you do not click this button, the transition will be applied to the current slide only. 7. Click on the Play button to view the transition effect. Chapter 6 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Think and Tell

What is the difference between animation and transition in Google Slides?

Explore More! Create a flipbook animation using Google Slides.

Do It Yourself 6A 1

Read the following statements and place a tick mark beside the correct statements: a Animation can be added to every object on the slide. b W hen we select the starting condition as “After previous”, the animation starts once the previous animation ends. c Applying too many animations distracts the audience from the actual content. d The speed of a transition can be controlled. e A Cube is a type of transition.

Raju has to revise the concepts he has learnt. But he is confused about how to add a transition. He has written the steps in an incorrect order. Help him by numbering the steps (a. to e.) in the correct order. Select the Transition option from the drop-down list. Click on the Slide menu from the menu bar. Set the transition’s Duration. Click the Play button.

Think and Tell Why are transitions important?

Select the Transition type from the Motion pane.

Adding Audio and Video Adding audio and video elements to your presentation can add a new dimension to it. Using audio or sound, you can include background music and narrate key points. Using videos, you can showcase the video content in your presentation. Your presentation can become more engaging and informative using audio and videos. The most commonly used audio format is .mp3, while the most popular video format is .mp4. In this section, we will learn the steps to add audio and video elements that can enhance the effectiveness of your presentation. 108

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Adding Audio Let’s add music to your presentation. To insert any audio file in your presentation, you need to first upload an audio file to Google Drive. Let us learn how to upload an audio file to Google Drive from your computer: 1. Open drive.google.com. 2

2. Click on the New button. 3. Select the File upload option from the drop-down list.

4. The Open dialog box will open. Select the audio file you want to upload. 5. Click on the Open button.

6. Wait for the file to upload. Once the file is uploaded, proceed with the next step. Once you have uploaded the audio file, you can add the audio file to the presentation. To add an audio file in the presentation: 1. Go on your presentation again. 2. Click on the Insert menu. 3. Select the Audio option from the drop-down menu.

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2 3

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4. The Insert audio window will open. Select the audio file that you want to add. 5. Click on the Insert button.

6. The speaker icon on the slide indicates that the audio file is attached to your presentation. You can play it by using the Play button.

Play

Discuss!

Are different types of background sounds important in presentations?

Adding Video You have learnt how to add audio to your presentation in the last section. In this section, you will learn how to add a video file to your presentation. You can add videos to your presentations in two different ways: A. From YouTube: You can add videos from YouTube. Let us learn how to add videos using YouTube: 1. Click on the Insert menu.

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2. Select the Video option from the drop-down list. 1

3. The Insert video window will open. Here, click on the YouTube tab. 4. To search for a video, enter the video name in the search bar and press the Enter key. 4 3

5. A list of videos will appear. Select a video and click on the Insert button that appears when you click on the video.

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6. You can see the inserted video on the slide. Click on the Play button.

Play

B. From Google Drive: Like the audio file, you need to first upload the video to Google Drive. After uploading the video, you can add it to your presentation by following the steps given below: 1. Click on the Insert menu. 2. Select the Video option. 3. The Insert video window will open. Here, click on the Google Drive tab. 4. Click on the video to be added to the presentation. 5. Click on the Insert button.

The video is added to the presentation.

Think and Tell

How do you think inserting a video in your presentation can give the audience a better understanding of the topic?

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Do It Yourself 6B 1

Match the following. Terms

Meaning

YouTube tab

Allows to play audio/video on the slide

.mp4

Audio format

Play button

Video format

.mp3

Used to add videos from YouTube

Rearrange the steps of adding a YouTube video to a slide. Select the Video option from the drop-down list. Search for the video you want to add. Select a video and click on the Insert button. Click on the Insert menu. In the Insert video window, select the YouTube tab.

Points to Remember 1

With the animations, you can make objects like text, images, and shapes move on your slides.

single object can have multiple animation effects applied to it. But too many animations can A cause distraction.

Transitions are visual effects that can be applied to slides when one slide changes to another.

he speed of transitions can be changed, and the same transition effect can be applied to all T the slides or any individual slide.

The most commonly used audio format is .mp3, while the most popular video format is .mp4.

udios can be added as background music, voice narration, or sound effects in your A presentation.

Any video from Google Drive or YouTube can be inserted into the presentation.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

on click

animation

audios

slide transition

videos

objects

In a presentation, animations can be applied on

To add an animation effect to a presentation, go to the Insert menu and choose

A provides a visual effect that takes place when one slide changes to another during a presentation.

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. option.

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With

option, animation starts when you click your mouse. and

make the presentation more engaging and informative.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which menu do you use to smoothly move from one slide to the next? b Slide a File c

What does this button signify? a A picture is inserted into the presentation

b Sound is attached to the presentation

Text is inserted into the presentation

d Shape is inserted into the presentation

c 3

d View Insert

Which option would you choose if you want to make an object move on a slide? a Click on Insert → Animation

b Click on Insert → Image

d Click on Slide → Transition

Click on Insert → Audio

How do you insert an audio file into your slide? a Click on Insert → Audio

b Click on Insert → Video

d Click on Insert → Table

Click on Insert → Picture

Press this button to ... a Upload an audio file to Google Drive

b Add an audio to a presentation

d Add animation in a presentation

Add a video to a presentation

C. Who Am I? 1

I’m a feature that makes objects move on slides and makes the presentation more engaging.

I’m a visual effect that makes your slides change smoothly during a presentation.

I’m the option that adds sound to your presentations. It can be background music, voice narration, or even special sound effects.

I’m an option in the Motion pane that helps you change the speed of a transition effect.

I am a button that helps you reuse the same transition for all the slides.

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D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

Animations can only be added to text in a presentation.

In a presentation, videos can only be added from YouTube.

Sound cannot be added to a presentation.

Sounds, videos, animations, and transitions make a presentation more engaging.

Animations and transitions are the same thing, and you can use them interchangeably.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What is the purpose of animations in a presentation?

Can you add animations to both text and objects in a presentation?

Define slide transition. Name the button used to view the transition effect.

Write down the two ways in which you can add a video to your presentation.

What is the purpose of adding a video to a presentation?

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F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Siya has made a presentation. She wants to show some movement of objects in her presentation. What should she use to add movement?

Rita has to present her project, for which she has prepared multiple slides. She wants smooth movement from one slide to another during her presentation. Which feature should she use?

Raju has used a transition effect in his presentation. But when he started the presentation, the slides were moving very slowly. Which option should he use to increase the speed of the slides?

Suman watched a video on YouTube that suits her presentation for the science fair perfectly. Can she add this video to her presentation?

Preeti has created a presentation that she wants to make more engaging. She has added transition effects to one slide. What can she do to apply transition effects to all the slides?

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Chapter 7 • Introduction to Spreadsheets

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Chapter 7 • Introduction to Spreadsheets

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Introduction to Google Sheets Imagine you are asked to do a fund-raising for a Diwali celebration. Fund-raising is an act of collecting or producing money for a particular purpose. To do fund-raising and keep your list organised and managed on your computer, you will need a spreadsheet.

Happy Diwali

A spreadsheet is a digital table that helps you organise and work with numbers, data, and information in a neat and structured way. The most popular spreadsheets are Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets. Microsoft Excel is a software that you need to pay for, but Google Sheets is a free online spreadsheet tool.

Uses of Spreadsheets Here are some uses of spreadsheets: • Organise data by making tables, to-do lists, plan tasks, etc. • Automate mathematical calculations for most data. • Visualise data, using vibrant charts.

• Manage students’ attendance and grades.

• Manage money, like tracking expenses and planning budgets. • Analyse and present research data.

• Recording data, sales analysis, and financial calculations.

Advantages of Using Google Sheets Here are some advantages of using Google Sheets: • Google Sheets allows multiple people to work on the same spreadsheet at the same time. • Google Sheets can be accessed from any computer, worldwide.

• Google Sheets offers Smart Fill and Autocomplete features, which means it can help you complete words in your spreadsheet. • Google Sheets automatically saves your work. 122

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Creating a Google Sheet Let us create a Google Sheet for your Diwali party fund-raising. Follow the steps: 1. Open the Google Chrome browser (web browser) and go to the website: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets 2. Click the plus (+) sign to open a blank spreadsheet.

3. Change the name of the spreadsheet at the top-left by typing your project name where it says Untitled spreadsheet.

Your first Google Sheet is ready. Chapter 7 • Introduction to Spreadsheets

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Discuss!

What are some other things you can do with Google Sheets?

Do It Yourself 7A Tick () the correct option. 1

Which of the following is the use of a spreadsheet? a Making drawings

b Managing attendance

c Playing video games

d Watching movies

What is the primary purpose of Google Sheets? a To play online games

b To organise data by making tables

c To send emails

d To edit photos

Which of the following is a free online spreadsheet tool? a Google Drive

b Google Sheets

c Microsoft Excel

d Google Slides

Components of Google Sheets Window A Google Sheet consists of the following components: 1

7 8

3 6 2

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1. Spreadsheet title: This is where you write the name of a file. You can choose any name related to the project for your spreadsheet. 2. Row: The horizontal group of cells in a spreadsheet is called a row. The rows are numbered 1, 2, 3, and so on. They run across the spreadsheet from left to right. The rows are numbered consecutively, starting with 1. By default, there are 1,000 rows in Google Sheets. The maximum number of rows that you can add to a sheet is 10 million. 3. Column: A column is a vertical group of cells denoted by letters. These letters range from A to Z, followed by AA, AB, through to AZ, and so on. It is important to note that each spreadsheet allows a maximum of 18,278 columns within a single sheet.

4. Cell: A cell in spreadsheet is the small box in which you can type text or numbers, or make calculations. Cells are located at the intersections of rows and columns. Each cell on a sheet has a unique address. In a spreadsheet, the cell address format is the column letter followed by the row number, such as A1, B2, or C3.

Column letter

Row number

5. Name box: When you click a cell, the respective cell address shows up in the Name box. 6. Active cell: When you click a cell in a spreadsheet, it becomes the active cell. Any data you type there can be entered in that cell. 7. Menu bar: A menu bar provides a range of tools to help you create, edit, format, and effectively manage your spreadsheet. 8. Toolbar: The toolbar is located below the menu bar. You can perform multiple actions in your spreadsheet, like editing text, zooming, printing, and more. 9. Formula bar: The formula bar is located just below Toolbar where you can enter and edit formulae or cell contents in an active cell. 10. Sheet tabs: At the bottom of the window, you can see tabs that represent various sheets within the same spreadsheet. You can create multiple sheets in one Google Sheets.

Did You Know?

A cell in Google Sheets can hold up to 50,000 characters.

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Think and Tell

Observe the following text: “ZZ10”. Can this be a cell address on Google Sheets?

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11. Share Button: This option helps you to share your spreadsheet with your friends and work together with them.

Explore More! You can also chat with your friends and leave messages in the Google Sheets.

Do It Yourself 7B Name various sections of the Google Sheets in the given image. 1 2 3 4

5 6

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Moving Around in a Spreadsheet A cell pointer is an active cell in a spreadsheet. You can move the cell pointer from one cell to another using a mouse or various key combinations. • Using a mouse

Click the cell directly.

• Using a keyboard

You can use various key combinations to move around the sheet, as follows: Keys

Arrow Keys (↑, ↓, ←, →)

Function(s)

Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to move the active cell up, down, left, or right.

Ctrl + Up Arrow

Moves the cell pointer to the first cell in a column.

Ctrl + Down Arrow

Moves the cell pointer to the last cell in a column.

Ctrl + Left Arrow

Moves the cell pointer to the first cell in a row.

Ctrl + Right Arrow

Moves the cell pointer to the last cell in a row.

Tab

Moves the cell pointer to the next cell in the same row.

Shift + Tab

Moves the cell pointer to the previous cell in the same row.

Ctrl + Home

Moves the cell pointer to the first cell of a spreadsheet, i.e., A1.

Ctrl + End

Moves the cell pointer to the last cell of the current spreadsheet.

Entering Data Now that you have learnt to move in the sheet, let us learn how to enter data in the Google Sheets. 1. Select the cell in which you want to enter data. The cell becomes an active cell. 2. Type the data in the active cell.

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3. Press the Enter key to go to the next row; or to move to the next cell, either press the Tab key or use the Arrow keys on your keyboard.

You can add any type of information in a cell: letters, numbers, or even images.

Saving and Closing a Sheet After entering the data, it is time to save the data. Google Sheets makes it easy, as it has an auto save feature that keeps your data safe. Auto save means that you do not need to save the sheet repeatedly; it will be saved automatically. You can see that Google Sheets is saving your work by looking at the “Saving…” icon on the top right corner of your screen.

After Google Sheets has saved your work, it shows an icon shaped like a cloud with a tick mark (✔) inside it.

When your work is saved, you can close your spreadsheet. To close a spreadsheet, click the X button on the web browser tab, which is the Close button.

Discuss!

What can happen if you close the sheet without saving it?

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Opening a Sheet Suppose you want to see your sheet again or you want to add more data to your sheet. Here is how you can open your spreadsheet: 1. Open the Google Chrome web browser and then go to the Google Sheets website. All the sheets that you have created will be listed at the bottom. 2. Look for the spreadsheet you want to open, or you can find it by typing its name in the Search bar at the top centre.

3. Select the sheet that you want to open.

Explore More! To learn how to format cells in Google Sheets, scan this QR code.

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Do It Yourself 7C 1

Match the Following. Component

Description

Key ↓

Start typing in the active cell.

Saving a Sheet

Moves the active cell down.

Entering Data

Google Sheets has an auto save feature.

What key combination do you use to go to the next row when entering data?

Points to Remember 1

spreadsheet is a digital table that helps you organise and work with numbers, data, and A information in a neat and structured way.

Google Sheets is a popular web-based spreadsheet application.

Google Sheets auto-saves your work and it also allows you to work offline.

he horizontal group of cells in the spreadsheet is called rows. Rows are numbered 1, 2, 3, and T so on.

column is a vertical group of cells denoted by letters. These letters range from A to Z, A followed by AA, AB, through to AZ, and so on.

Cells are at the intersections of rows and columns.

The cell address format is the column letter followed by the row number, such as A1, B2, or C3.

he currently selected cell in a spreadsheet where you can enter or edit data is called an T active cell.

The formula bar is where you can enter and edit formulae or cell contents in an active cell.

The menu bar provides a range of tools to create, edit, format, and manage the spreadsheet.

he toolbar is a set of tools or options in Google Sheets that allows users to perform various T actions or tasks such as editing text, zooming, and printing.

he Share button helps you to share your spreadsheet with your friends and work together T with them.

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Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

name box

auto-save

columns

formula

Spreadsheets help organise information neatly in rows and

The

bar lets you enter and edit formulae or cell contents in an active cell.

The

button helps you to work on your spreadsheet together with your friends.

The

means that you do not need to save the sheet repeatedly.

When we click on a cell, the respective cell address shows up in the

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

How can you change the name of a Google spreadsheet? a By clicking the plus (+) sign

b By typing your project name in the chat

By clicking the File menu

d By renaming the Untitled spreadsheet

c 2

Which Google Sheets component represents various sheets within the same spreadsheet? a Active Cell

b Row Numbers

Sheets Tab

d Column Letters

c 3

What is the name of the horizontal group of cells in a spreadsheet? a Rows c

Cells

d Sheets

What happens when Google Sheets saves your work? a It shows a smiley face icon. c

b Columns

It displays a cloud icon with a check mark.

b It plays a sound. d It shuts down your computer.

To close a spreadsheet created using Google Sheets, what do you need to click? a The X button c

The Share button

b The Plus + sign d The Home button

C. Who Am I? 1

I am placed at the intersection of a row and a column.

I provide many tools to help you create, edit, format, and manage your spreadsheet.

I am the shortcut key that moves the cell pointer to the first cell of the spreadsheet, i.e., A1.

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I am the key that moves the active cell to the next line.

I am a currently selected cell in a spreadsheet.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

The address format of any cell is written as a number followed by a letter.

You can have multiple sheets in one spreadsheet.

Google Sheets is a software application that you need to pay for.

You cannot move within a sheet, using a keyboard.

You can go the last cell of the sheet by pressing the Ctrl + Home key combination.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What is a spreadsheet?

What are the various advantages of Google Sheets?

Name all the components of Google Sheets.

Differentiate between a row and a column.

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Name the two methods to move around in a spreadsheet.

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Riya is an athlete who needs to achieve a certain height and weight to be able to compete in the next year’s racing competition. She wants to keep track of her height and weight in a tabular manner. Which online application can be helpful?

Kashish is creating a food menu for the school fair and has entered a few details. Identify the cell address of the active cell in the given screenshot.

Raima was editing using Google Sheets when suddenly the internet got disconnected. When she rechecked, all the details were still there. Which feature of Google Sheets helped her not lose any data?

Mishi and Richa are two friends who created a spreadsheet using Google Sheets, to organise their study schedule for the upcoming exams. Will the use of Google Sheets be helpful to them?

Anshi is adding her test scores to a spreadsheet. Name the keys that helped her move from one cell to another.

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Interacting with Spreadsheets In the previous chapter, you learnt about the most popular spreadsheet application, Google Sheets, which is used to process complicated mathematical calculations. It also allows you to store, organise, and analyse data. You also learnt about components like cells, entering data, and saving a sheet. Now, you will learn how to select and modify cell content and delete cell data in Google Sheets.

Selecting Cells Sometimes, you need to select a cell or a group of cells to perform various operations, such as copying, moving, or deleting. Steps to select cells in a spreadsheet are as follows: 1. Open Google Sheets containing your data in a browser by using the following link: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets Here, we have opened the sheet that was created in the previous chapter. 2. Click on the Select All button, which is located at the top left-hand corner, to select the entire sheet. You can also select the entire sheet by pressing the Ctrl + A keys.

Select All button

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ou can select multiple cells at the same time using the Shift + (Up and Down) Arrow Y keys. Or To select multiple cells using the mouse, click on the first cell and drag your mouse over the cells to be selected. Release the mouse button.

Enter Numbers as Text There are three types of data that are mostly used, text, numbers, and date and time. Entering numbers as text refers to a situation where you enter a number in such a way that it is considered text rather than a number. For example, if you type “123” in a cell, the data is considered as text, and the spreadsheet program will treat it as a string of characters rather than a number. By default, text is left-aligned and numbers are right-aligned in a cell.

Enter Date and Time You can enter the date and time in the selected cell. You can also set the format of the date and time, such as 20/09/2023 or 20-09-2023, according to your choice. The date is right-aligned in a cell. Follow these steps to change the format of the date: 1. Select the cell containing date.

2. Click on the Format menu. 3. Select the Number option. 4. Select the Custom date and time option.

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2 3

5. The Custom date and time formats dialog box appears. Select the desired date format. Also remove the hyphens from the format using the Delete key. 6. Click on the Apply button. The date format is applied to the selected cell. Similarly, you can change the format in other cells.

Hyphens 5

Changing Cell Data When you enter any character or number in the worksheet, it shows up in both the cell and the formula bar. Simply enter your information and press the Enter key to save it. Follow these steps to change cell data: 1. Select the cell in which you wish to make a change.

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2. Replace with the value you want to enter.

You can see that the amount has been changed.

Discuss!

If you have entered a wrong date, how will you change it?

Do It Yourself 8A 1

What is the default alignment of the following in a cell? a Date b Number c Text

When you follow these steps, what action will happen? a Select the cell data. b Replace it with another cell.

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Using Undo and Redo After you entered and modified data in a cell, it may happen that you want to cancel the changes or retrieve the previous data. For this, you can use the Undo and Redo features in a spreadsheet. Undo helps you to cancel the effect of the last action that you performed, while Redo helps when you want to reverse the action of the Undo command. It allows you to bring back the data you previously removed or changed. Follow these steps to use the Undo and Redo features: 1. Click on the Undo 2. Click on the Redo

icon on the Toolbar. Or You can use Ctrl + Z key combination. icon on the Toolbar. Or You can use Ctrl + Y key combination.

Discuss!

Do the Undo and Redo features apply only to spreadsheets, or do they apply to other applications as well?

Copying Cell Data Copying cell data means making an exact duplicate of the data. Follow these steps to copy cell data:

1. Select the cell or a range of cells whose data you want to copy. 2. Right-click on the selected cell and select the Copy option from the context menu that appears. Or You can also use the Ctrl+C command on the keyboard to copy.

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he selected cell’s data is T copied and a dotted border appears on the cell that is copied.

3. Right-click on the cell where you want to paste the copied data, and select the Paste option from the context menu that appears. Or You can also use the Ctrl+V command on the keyboard to paste. You can see data is duplicated

in another cell.

Think and Tell Can only one cell be copied at a time in Google Sheets?

Moving Cell Data Moving data in spreadsheets refers to the process of relocating data from one cell or a range of cells to another.

Follow these steps to move cell data: 1. Click on the cell or drag to select a range of cells whose data you want to move. 2. Right-click on the selected cell and select the Cut option from the context menu. You can also use the Ctrl + X key combination.

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3. Right-click on the cell where you want to move the data and select the Paste option from the context menu. You can also use the Ctrl+V key combination.

You can see that the data has been moved.

Deleting Cell Data Deleting cell data refers to removing the content that is currently in a cell. This can include text, numbers, formulas, or any other type of data that is stored in a cell. Follow these steps to delete data from the cell: 1. Select the cell whose data you want to delete.

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2. Right-click on the selected cell and select the Delete cells option from the context menu.

3. Select any option from the Delete cells menu and choose how the other cells around will move after you delete.

You can also delete the cell data by pressing the Delete key on the keyboard.

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You can see that the date has been deleted.

Think and Tell

How do you move data from one cell to another?

Do It Yourself 8B Match the following shortcut keys. A

Move

Ctrl + Y

Undo

Ctrl + C

Paste

Ctrl + X

Redo

Ctrl + Z

Copy

Ctrl + V

Points to Remember 1

Google Sheets allows you to perform complex mathematical calculations and efficiently organise and analyse data.

Sometimes, you need to select a group of cells for operations like copying, moving, or deleting.

Entering numbers as text refers to a situation where you enter a number in such a way that it is considered as text rather than a number.

You can set the date format according to your choice, such as 20/09/2023 or 20-09-2023.

Undo helps you go back if you make a mistake or change your mind, while Redo helps when you want to reverse the action of the Undo command.

Copying cell data means making an exact duplicate of the data.

Moving data in spreadsheets refers to the process of relocating data from one cell or a range of cells to another.

Deleting cell data means removing content from a cell, which can be text, numbers,or formulas.

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Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

Enter

Copying cell

You can select the entire sheet with the use of

The

When you want to correct your mistake, use the

text

Undo

keys.

is a type of data used in a spreadsheet. feature.

data means making an exact duplicate of the data.

4 5

Ctrl + A

After entering data in a cell, you can press the

key to move to the next row.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

What is the purpose of selecting cells in a spreadsheet? a To perform complex mathematical calculations b To organise and analyse data c

To enable operations like copying, moving, or deleting data

d All of these 2

Which of the following is not a type of data in Google Sheets? a Number

Date and Time

d Cell

Ctrl + C

d Ctrl + Z

Which combination key is used to undo the mistakes? a Ctrl + V

b Text

b Ctrl + A

What does the Redo feature in a spreadsheet allow you to do? a Correct mistakes or changes

b Reverse the action of Undo

d None of the above

Create a duplicate of data

Which of the following key combinations allow you to select multiple cells at the same time? a Shift + (Up and Down) Arrow keys

b Ctrl + (Up and Down) Arrow keys

d None of these

Tab + (Up and Down) Arrow keys

C. Who Am I? 1

I am a button in Google Sheets, to select all cells in a spreadsheet.

I am responsible for relocating information within a spreadsheet.

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I let you move information from one place to another within a spreadsheet.

I am an option in the Format menu to change the format of a date.

I am the key on the keyboard used to remove cell data.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

A dotted border appears on the cell that is copied.

Deleting cell data can include removing text, numbers, formulas, or any type of data.

You can customise the format of the date and time in Google Sheets.

Redo button cancels the action performed by the Undo button.

The Paste option is used to remove data from the cell.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What are the two options for deleting cells?

What are the two ways to select multiple cells?

What happens when you enter a number as text in a cell?

Write the shortcut keys involved in moving cell data.

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What is the difference between copying and moving cell data?

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Anita is making a list of books for her teacher with titles, authors, and genres. By mistake, she entered the wrong name for the author. Which feature will help her fix it in the spreadsheet?

You have been given the task of creating a date sheet for your school exams. You write down the various dates on which the exams for different subjects are conducted. Name the menu that you will use in order to change the format of the dates.

You have some information in one cell that you want to shift to a different cell. What action do you take to do this?

The data entry operator entered the same section for Ritu Gupta and Satish Pandey. The correct section for Ritu Gupta is B. How would you correct this in the spreadsheet?

In the above sheet, you made some changes, but now you want to revert to the previous state. How would you do that?

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Artificial Intelligence Have you ever heard of Amazon’s Alexa or Apple’s Siri? All these technologies have something in common: they use Artificial Intelligence, or AI. Artificial intelligence, or AI, is the ability of a computer to think and learn. With AI, computers can perform tasks that are generally done by people, like recognising voice, problem-solving, and learning. AI is all around us, and whether or not you realise it, we use it every single day. Let us discuss some applications of artificial intelligence.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence These are the different ways in which we can use AI:

Healthcare • AI-powered robots are used to perform surgery with greater precision and accuracy than human surgeons. • AI is being used to develop new drugs and treat critical diseases.

• AI is being used to diagnose diseases by analysing their medical records and images of patients.

Did You Know? AI can read medical images, like X-rays and MRIs, and in some cases, it can detect diseases.

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Education AI-powered personalised learning programs are helping students learn at their own pace. Students can customise these programs in the way that best suits their learning styles and needs.

Transportation • Google and Tesla are developing AI-powered self-driving cars.

• AI is being used to analyse traffic flow and improve safety by predicting congestion and suggesting alternative routes.

Manufacturing • AI-powered robots are being used to perform tasks automatically in factories, enhancing productivity. • AI is being used to improve quality by identifying defects in products.

Customer Service AI-powered chatbots are being used to answer customer questions and provide 24/7 support.

Security AI-powered security systems are used to identify suspicious people and prevent crime.

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Entertainment AI is being used to: • develop realistic video game characters and generate creative content.

• recommend personalised things on video-streaming platforms, like Netflix and social media platforms like Facebook. • develop new forms of entertainment, such as virtual reality and augmented reality experiences.

Machine Learning Machine learning is a domain of Artificial Intelligence due to which machines learn from data and become intelligent. We humans learn from our experiences. In the same way, machine learning makes the computers learn from data and improve their performance over time. Machine learning provides the power to computers to become intelligent. Every field of artificial intelligence uses machine learning at its core. Look at the following figure to understand machine learning in a better way. Test Images

Machine Learning Methods Not Cats

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Cats

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In this picture, a number of pictures of cats and dogs are fed into the machine learning model. The features of cats and dogs are also given to the system. Over a period of time and with the help of data, the machine learning model becomes self-sufficient in differentiating between the cats and dogs. This is how machine learning systems learn. One of the most useful applications of machine learning systems is computer vision. Let us learn about it.

Understanding Computer Vision Computer vision is a way for computers to ‘see’ and ‘understand’ the world around them. This is how it works: 1. Computers use cameras to take pictures or videos of the world around them.

2. Software is used to analyse the images or videos to identify objects and patterns.

3. AI is used to make sense of the data collected and understand the information that the computer is ‘seeing’. There is a popular application called Google Lens that uses computer vision. Let us learn about Google Lens.

Google Lens Google Lens is a visual search tool developed by Google that uses AI and machine learning to recognise and provide information about objects, images, and text captured through a device’s camera.

Did You Know?

Google Lens can recognise over 1 billion objects, including plants, animals, landmarks, and products.

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Applications of Google Lens These are the various applications of Google Lens:

Text Translation

Text translation in Google Lens is a feature that allows you to translate text from one language to another using your phone’s camera. To use the text translation feature in Google Lens, follow these steps: 1. Open the Google app on your device.

2. Point your camera at the text you want to translate.

3. Tap the Google Lens icon in the search bar.

4. Tap the Translate button at the bottom of the screen.

5. Select the language you want to translate the text to.

6. Google Lens will translate the text and display it on your screen.

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Smart Text Selection Smart text selection in Google Lens is a feature that uses AI to recognise and understand text within images or documents. To use the smart text selection feature in Google Lens, follow these steps: 1. Open the Google app on your device. 2. Tap the Google Lens icon in the search bar. 3. Point your camera at the text you want to select and tap the Google Lens button. 4. Google Lens will automatically select the text. 5. Tap the text selection bar to see options for copying, listening, translating, or searching the text.

Do It Yourself 9A 1

Rearrange the following steps in the correct order to use Google Lens for translating text. Write down the correct step number into the given box. Select the language into which the text is to be translated. Tap the Google Lens icon. Open the Google app on your device. Tap the Translate button. Point your camera at the text.

Write T for True and F for False. a Google Lens is a popular application that uses computer vision. b AI-powered facial recognition systems are used to identify people. c Computer vision is a way for computers to recognise voices in their surroundings.

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Points to Remember 1

Artificial intelligence, or AI, is the ability of a computer to think and learn.

AI-powered robots are being used to perform surgery with greater precision and accuracy than human surgeons.

AI-powered personalised learning programs are helping students learn at their own pace and in the way that best suits their learning styles and needs.

AI-powered self-driving cars are being developed by companies like Google and Tesla.

AI-powered facial recognition systems are used to identify people and prevent crime.

Machine learning is a domain of Artificial Intelligence due to which machines learn from data and become intelligent.

Computer vision is a way for computers to see and understand the world around them.

Google Lens is a visual search tool developed by Google.

Text translation in Google Lens is a feature that allows you to translate text from one language to another using your phone’s camera.

10 Smart text selection in Google Lens is a feature that uses artificial intelligence to recognise and understand text within images or documents.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints 1

Artificial Intelligence

Computers use

Machine learning

chatbots

to take pictures or videos of the world around them. is like teaching computers to learn from examples.

2 3

cameras

AI-powered support 24/7.

are being used to answer customer questions and provide is the ability of a computer to think and learn.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

What does AI stand for? a Advanced Information

b Artificial Intelligence

d All Information

Automated Invention

What are some applications of AI? a Self-driving cars b Voice assistants like Siri and Alexa c

Personalised recommendations on streaming services

d All of these Chapter 9 • AI—Computer Vision and Machine Learning

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Which companies are developing self-driving cars with AI? a Apple and Amazon

b Facebook and Twitter

d Netflix and Hulu

Google and Tesla

What is computer vision? a A type of eyeglasses b The ability to hear sounds c

The ability for computers to see and understand the world around them

d A type of video game

C. Match the following. A

AI is being used to develop new drugs

Self-Driving cars LOADING...

Chatbots

AI-powered security systems

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D. Answer the Following. 1

What is artificial intelligence (AI)?

Give an example of AI application in the healthcare industry.

What is computer vision?

What is Google Lens?

Define machine learning.

E. Apply Your Learning. 1

Shamak is visiting a foreign country, and he sees signs written in a language he doesn’t know. Which application can he use to help him understand the meaning of those signs?

Kanika loves watching films on video-streaming platforms. She is getting suggestions on films based on what she’s already watched. Which technology is used behind this?

Deeksha is shopping online and has a question about a product she wants to buy. Which AI-based technology can provide her with answers immediately?

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