INS_G02_EMEG_Term1_AY25

2 Insights

Unlock Learning Across Subjects

Term 1

Insights

2 Term 1

English Mathematics

Environmental Science

General Knowledge

Acknowledgements

Academic Authors: Melanie Grobler, Chandani Goyal, Neena Aul, Animesh Mittal, Muskan Panjwani, Sneha Sharma, Anuj Gupta

Creative Directors: Bhavna Tripathi, Mangal Singh Rana, Satish

Book Production: Sanjay Kumar Goel, Tauheed Danish, Amisha Gupta

Project Lead: Chandani Goyal

VP, Learning: Abhishek Bhatnagar

All products and brand names used in this book are trademarks, registered trademarks or trade names of their respective owners.

© Uolo EdTech Private Limited

First impression 2025

This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior written consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above-mentioned publisher of this book.

Book Title: Insights 2 Term 1

ISBN: 978-81-981053-1-8

Published by Uolo EdTech Private Limited

Corporate Office Address:

85, Sector 44, Gurugram, Haryana 122003

CIN: U74999DL2017PTC322986

Illustrations and images: www.shutterstock.com, www.stock.adobe.com and www.freepik.com

All suggested use of the internet should be under adult supervision.

Preface

In this 21st–century world, just “knowing” is not enough. Our dynamic and ever-changing world demands “thinking” skills. Learners need to be able to not just consume knowledge but also acquire higher-order thinking skills in various domains—be it in language, mathematics or general awareness—to apply that knowledge. This is the spirit and the recommendation of the NEP (National Education Policy) 2020.

It is in this context that UOLO has designed Insights, a 21st–century product for primary grade learners (grades 1 to 5) that includes all curricular areas—English, Mathematics, Environmental Science and General Knowledge. Insights strongly aligns with NEP 2020 in terms of its design principles and fulfils all recommendations of the NCF (National Curriculum Framework) 2022–23.

English: This section not only focuses in listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar and vocabulary, but also hones the ability to interpret, analyse and communicate confidently. The task-based approach and frequent opportunities for collaborative learning provided in this section encourage learners to express ethical views, interact constructively, solve problems creatively, apply their knowledge in new situations, and take responsibility for their own learning.

Mathematics: This section introduces mathematical concepts through real-life situations and storytelling, connecting them to children’s experiences and transitioning smoothly from the abstract to the concrete. Clear explanations and simple steps are provided for problem-solving. This section supports learners at all learning levels. It includes extensive practice aligned to the levels in Bloom’s Taxonomy—from basic practice questions to thought-provoking and higher order thinking questions.

Environmental Science: This section focuses on conceptual understanding, critical thinking, application, and problem-solving skills, making learning about environmental science highly relevant in the context of the 21st century. Each chapter is filled with vibrant illustrations, relatable examples, interactive activities, hands-on experiments and stimulating exercises. All of these not only promote awareness around environmental sustainability and the SDGs, but also make learning about the world around us a joyous experience.

General Knowledge: This section focuses on enabling the learners to be well-informed individuals so as to navigate through the complexities of the modern existence, make informed decisions, think critically and appreciate the world’s diversity. This section is crafted in keeping with the principles of NEP 2020, emphasizing the need to develop in learners the respect towards fundamental duties and constitutional values, generating awareness on one’s roles and responsibilities in a dynamic world, and fostering a sense of national pride and global citizenship. It offers an informative and enjoyable learning experience, incorporating clear explanations, captivating visuals and abundant questions for interactive classroom engagement.

Key NEP Recommendations

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, introduced by the Government of India, represents a transformative shift in the country’s education system. It aims to create a more holistic, dynamic and multidisciplinary approach to education. NEP 2020 focuses on fostering conceptual understanding, skills, values, and competencies that align with the demands of the 21st–century, while also preserving India’s rich cultural heritage. UOLO is fully committed to actualising the vision of NEP 2020 by meticulously adhering to its outlined recommendations.

1. Focus on conceptual understanding

2. 21st-century skills values, and dispositions

3. Critical thinking and problem-solving

4. Application in real life

5. Holistic and integrated learning

6. Experiential learning

7. Enjoyable and engaging

8. Inquiry- and discovery-based approach

9. Technology-based solutions

10. Knowledge of India

Competency-based Education

NEP Pages 12, 17, and 22

Teaching and Learning Pedagogy

NEP Pages 3, 11, 12, and 27

National Pride

NEP Pages 15, 16, and 43

11. Assessment of core concepts and application skills Assessments

NEP Pages 12, 18, and 22

Our Key Features: Aligning with NEP 2020

Focus on HOTS and Critical Thinking

Intellectually stimulating questions designed to encourage deep, analytical, critical and evaluative thought processes

1 2 3 11

Digital Aids

Talking books with animations, interactive quizzes for additional practice, and curated learning videos to make learning fun and engaging

1 2 3 7 9 11

Experiential and Applicative Learning

Projects and activities are set in real-life context, like lab activities and community projects, to enable the development and practice of life skills 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11

Rootedness to India

Examples from India’s unique culture and history have been linked to each topic to inculcate a sense of pride and love for the nation

5 7 10

Model Assessments

Test papers designed to evaluate the understanding of core concepts and application of skills in learners

1 2 3 11

The NEP Tags

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 outlines essential skills, values, dispositions and learning approaches necessary for learners to thrive in the 21st century. Insights incorporates these elements throughout its content, tasks and projects. Referred to as ‘NEP Tags,’ they are defined as follows:

Art Integration & Creativity

Bringing creativity and fun into learning by combining music, drama and art with other subjects

Sports Integration

Using physical activities, sports and games to make learning active and fun

INTEGRATED

Cross-curricular

Cross-curricular linkages to make the learning experience more holistic, joyful and meaningful

Indianness

Texts and tasks are rooted in the Indian context and culture to develop a sense of national pride

Communication & Teamwork

TEAMWORK

Embracing the spirit of mutual collaboration, communication and cooperation while working together or engaging in a guided conversation

SDG

Sustainable Development Goals

Unwavering commitment to generating awareness of a green, peaceful, prosperous, equitable and inclusive world

GAMES

BHARAT

SEL

Socio-Emotional Learning

Developing the skills to understand and manage emotions, build positive relationships and make responsible choices

Experiential Learning

HANDS-ON

Engaging actively in hands-on tasks to acquire knowledge and skills

Higher-Order Thinking

HOTS

Encouraging higher-order skill such as analyzing, evaluating, problem-solving and fostering deep understanding

Green Living

Generating awareness of a green, peaceful and prosperous world

21st-Century Skills

21st SKILLS

Fostering skills and knowledge—such as critical thinking, communication, and digital literacy—that are essential for success in today’s rapidly changing world

Health and Wellness

Promoting practices that support physical, mental, and emotional well-being for a balanced and healthy lifestyle

Value Development

Building a strong character, guiding towards ethical decision making, and developing respect, kindness, and a sense of responsibility

Chapter at a Glance

of our body through the blood. The lungs expand during inhalation.

Take a deep breath in and count to five. Now, breathe out slowly. Did you feel your lungs filling up with air?

A Walkthrough of Key Elements

Exhalation: When we breathe out, our lungs remove carbon dioxide from our body. Removing carbon dioxide is essential for our body to function properly. The lungs contract during exhalation.

Breathe out slowly and feel the air leaving your body. Can you feel it? Our six Did

important because they provide oxygen to our body and remove carbon dioxide. They help in the exchange of gases.

out the names of six body parts from the given word search.

Heart

Warm Up: A short and fun activity to assess the learners’ pre-knowledge and get them excited about the new topic

Inhalation and Exhalation

Inhalation: When we breathe in, our lungs take in air containing oxygen. This oxygen is then transported to the different parts of our body through the blood. The lungs expand during inhalation.

Take a deep breath in and count to five. Now, breathe out slowly. Did you feel your lungs filling up with air?

Exhalation: When we breathe out, our lungs remove carbon dioxide from our body. Removing carbon dioxide is essential for our body to function properly. The lungs contract during exhalation.

Have you ever thought about what would happen if our hearts a bit scary to think about because we need our hearts to stay heart by eating healthy food, exercising and feeling happy helps you think feeling good and taking care of our body helps us

The heart is reddish brown in colour. Its size is the same as that slightly towards the left side of our chest. If you put your hand feel your heart beating.

You Know?

Our body is like a big machine with many parts, each playing its own special role. In this chapter, let’s learn about different parts of our body and how they work.

Breathe out slowly and feel the air leaving your body. Can you feel it?

Internal and External Organs

Elements: Interesting elements like Did You Know, Error Alert, Remember, and Think and Tell to keep the learners hooked

Heart

The heart pumps blood to all body parts. This blood supplies to other body parts. It also collects carbon dioxide and other different body parts.

Organs are different parts of the body that work together to help us stay healthy and perform all the activities we need to do. Organs are mainly classified into external and internal organs.

Have you ever thought about what would happen if our hearts stopped beating? It’s a bit scary to think about because we need our hearts to stay alive. Taking care of our heart by eating healthy food, exercising and feeling happy helps keep it strong. How do you think feeling good and taking care of our body helps us stay healthy?

Vocabulary: Meanings of difficult words

The heart is reddish brown in colour. Its size is the same as that of a fist. The heart is slightly towards the left side of our chest. If you put your hand on your chest, you can feel your heart beating.

Chapter 1 • Parts of Our Body transport: to carry from one place to another (here, oxygen) expand: increase in size contract: decrease in size fist: tightly-closed hand with fingers pointing inwards

The heart pumps blood to all body parts. This blood supplies oxygen and nutrients to other body parts. It also collects carbon dioxide and other waste materials from different body parts.

Check for Understanding: Short exercises between the chapter to pause and assess comprehension

6. Long-answer questions.

B.

Explain the journey of food from farms to our tables. List all the steps and the people involved.

How do protein-rich foods help our bodies? Give two examples of

7. Picture-based questions.

Visual Prompts: Special questions featuring visual stimuli to foster comprehension, interpretation and critical thinking

questions.

the main nutrient that these foods provide.

HOTS: Intellectually stimulating questions designed for higher order thinking and analysis

21st–century Focus: Simple activities and tips to develop a diverse set of essential skills for living well in the 21st century

Life Skills

You’ve

UEV25CB0401.indd 15

Wonders of Bharat

Do and Learn

In Ayurveda, a traditional Indian system of health, the heart is thought to hold our emotions. Breathing exercises like Pranayama and simple meditation, both from India, are suggested to keep the heart healthy and lower stress. These practices also help with blood circulation and overall well-being. A girl practising

Collect pictures of different internal organs like the brain, stomach, liver,

and

of each organ below the respective images. Make your scrapbook look attractive. Show it to your friends.

Word Splash

With the help of your teacher, find out about the a list of these clubs. Join any one club of your choice.

organs: different parts of the body that work together skull: the part of the head that protects our brain atria: the chambers located at the upper side of the heart

National Pride: Fascinating insights into India’s rich culture and history

Wonders of Bharat In Ayurveda, a traditional Indian system of health, the heart is thought to hold our emotions. Breathing exercises like Pranayama and simple meditation, both from India, are suggested to keep the heart healthy and lower stress. These practices also help with blood circulation and overall well-being.

ventricles: the chambers located at the lower side of the heart blood vessels: fine tubes that help in circulation of blood arteries: red-coloured blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to all body parts veins: blue-coloured blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from all body parts

oesophagus: the pipe through which food passes from mouth to stomach

Word Splash

Resident Welfare Association

Explore More!

work together the part of the head that protects our brain the chambers located at the upper side of the heart ventricles: the chambers located at the lower side of the heart blood vessels: fine tubes that help in circulation of blood arteries: red-coloured blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to all body parts veins: blue-coloured blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from all body parts

Know more about internal organs.

Technology Integration: Short exploratory videos to find out more about the topic

oesophagus: the pipe through which food passes from mouth to stomach

Explore More!

Know more about internal organs.

7 6

Resident Welfare Association (RWA) is a committee building. The members of the RWA are elected by the welfare of the people of their colony or building. as the President of the RWA.

Points to Remember

Points to Remember

Points to Remember: Summary of the chapter

We can see and touch external organs from the outside, but we can’t see or touch internal organs because they’re inside our body.

• The brain helps us think, learn and feel emotions.

• The lungs help us breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.

The heart pumps blood to all parts of our body.

Functions of RWA

The stomach helps digest the food we eat.

• We can see and touch external organs from the outside, but we can’t see or touch internal organs because they’re inside our body. The brain helps us think, learn and feel emotions. The lungs help us breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The heart pumps blood to all parts of our body.

The liver cleans our blood and helps us digest fats.

• The stomach helps digest the food we eat.

• The kidneys filter waste from our blood and produce urine.

• The liver cleans our blood and helps us digest fats.

Chapter Checkup: Chapter-end practice exercises aligned to different levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy

• The kidneys filter waste from our blood and produce urine.

Chapter Checkup

The RWA performs many functions. Some of them

1. Tick ( ) the correct answer.

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct answer.

A. What protects the brain?  Skull        Heart     Liver

A. What protects the brain?  Skull        Heart     Liver

B. Which organ pumps blood throughout our body?  Lungs     Heart     Kidneys

1. Making sure that necessities like roads, drainage, working condition.

B. Which organ pumps blood throughout our body?  Lungs     Heart     Kidneys

C. Which organ helps us to breathe?  Lungs    Stomach  Brain

C. Which organ helps us to breathe?  Stomach  Brain

D. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood to different body parts?  Ventricles  Arteries    Veins

Fill in the blanks.

D. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood to different body parts?  Arteries    Veins

2. Keeping the colony clean and ensuring the 3. Making proper safety arrangements for the 4. Organising events to celebrate festivals together. 5. Spreading awareness about

liver  atrium  ventricles  kidneys

A. The upper chambers of the heart are called

2. Fill in the blanks. liver  atrium  ventricles  kidneys

B. The lower chambers of the heart are called

Experiential Learning: Multidisciplinary, holistic, and fun activities / projects to understand the concept better

A. The upper chambers of the heart are called

C. helps us in the digestion of fats.

D. filter our blood to remove waste and extra water.

B. The lower chambers of the heart are called

3. Write True or False.

C. helps us in the digestion of fats.

D. filter our blood to remove waste and extra water.

A. Brain and lungs are external organs.

3. Write True or False.

B. The heart has only two chambers.

A. Brain and lungs are external organs.

Functions of RWA

The RWA performs many functions. Some of them are as follows:

B. The heart has only two chambers.

NEP Tags: To show alignment with NEP skills and values

Making sure that necessities like roads, drainage, street lights, etc., are in

2. Keeping the colony clean and ensuring the disposal of garbage properly. 3. Making proper safety arrangements for the residents.

4. Organising events to celebrate festivals together.

5. Spreading awareness about common issues like cleanliness, health, safety, etc.

6. Solving small disputes

7. Protecting the rights of all residents and treating them equally.

committee: a group of people who have been chosen to do elected: chosen through vote dispute: fight

Comprehension

Listen and circle My hobby Complete the paragraph

Common names Special names Countable and Uncountable naming words

Relationship words Sound words

Factual questions Visualization Making predictions Making connection double oo sound

1. Self and Family Don’t Wake the Baby Huynh Thi Kim Lien Story

Comparing two things My best friend

Listen and choose

Describing words(colour, shape, size, number)

One or more than one

Words with long E soundleap

Factual questions

Ordering Visualization Making predictions

2. Friendship Goodnight, Tinku Preethi Nambiar Story

Show and tell Complete a thank- you note

Listen and write true or false

Words in the place of naming words Can and cannot

Sound words Apostrophe (‘s)

Words with ch/sh/ph sound –ch in, sh ip, ph one

Factual questions

Identifying characters Identifying problems and solutions Making connections

Rhyming words Adding ‘un’ or ‘dis’ to make opposites

Project 1: A Map of My Heart

3. Kindness The Boy and the Drum Umesh P N Story

Factual questions

4. Kindness Kind Kinnu Poem

Identifying character’s actions Making connections Poetry appreciation– completing poem

Self and Family

1 . Don’t Wake the Baby!

—Huynh Thi Kim Lien

Look at the pictures. Write I for the games you can play INSIDE the house. Write O for the games you must play OUTSIDE. Get Set

Jia and Jai are brother and sister. There is someone new at home. They will have to play quietly now and make less noise. Who is this person? Let us read the story to find out.

Let’s Read

Ma has come back home with a baby. Jia and Jai are not happy! They cannot make a noise when the baby is sleeping. But the baby is ALWAYS sleeping!

Talking Book

They cannot run in the house. They cannot talk at snack-time. They cannot even laugh loudly!

But one day, Jia and Jai read a funny story—a very funny story! They start to laugh. They laugh loudly!

Oh, no! The baby wakes up! The baby begins to cry.

snack-time: time between lunch and dinner when one eats light food begins: starts

Think and Tell

How do Jia and Jai feel when the baby wakes up? How do you feel when you wake someone up from a deep sleep?

Ma is angry! ‘Go and play outside!’ she says.

Think and Tell

Why is Ma angry with Jia and Jai?

So Jia and Jai take their ball and go outside. They throw the ball. They catch the ball. They kick the ball.

CRASH! The ball breaks a window!

Oh, no! The baby wakes up. And then… the baby cries!

Think and Tell

What do you think Jia and Jai will do now?

THE BABY WAILS! The baby wails so loudly that the milk bottle breaks. The pot breaks! Another window breaks!

Jia rocks the baby, but the baby keeps crying. Jai sings to the baby, but the baby cries louder.

Now, Jia and Jai start crying too.

crash: a loud sound of something breaking

wails: cries very loudly

rocks: (here) moves softly from side to side

Think and Tell

Do you think a baby’s crying can break a bottle, a pot and a window?

Ma comes in. She picks up the baby. She cuddles the baby and sings to the baby. Finally, the baby stops crying. Now, Jia and Jai understand. ‘We will be quiet,’ they promise.

cuddles: holds someone close to show love promise: say you will do something

Think and Tell

How does the baby feel when Ma sings to her?

Listen to all the keywords here.

Read and Respond

1. Circle the correct answers.

a Who is new in the house?

i The pet ii The toy iii The baby

b Why should Jia and Jai be quiet?

i Because the baby will wake up and cry.

ii Because Ma is reading a book.

iii Because it is night time.

c What do Jia and Jai do after reading a funny story?

i They go outside.

ii They start to laugh loudly.

iii They make the baby laugh.

d What happens when the baby cries loudly?

i The pot falls on the floor. A milk bottle breaks.

Jia and Jai break the bottle.

Match the people and the actions from the story.

Action

Tells the children to play outside

Laugh loudly at a funny story

Rocks the baby

Cries loudly

3. Answer the questions in one to two sentences.

a What are the things that Jia and Jai cannot do inside the house?

b Why does Ma tell Jia and Jai to play outside?

c Why does the baby cry again?

d What do Jia and Jai do to try and make the baby stop crying?

Think and Answer

1. We see and hear a story in our minds when we read it. Read these lines from the story. Tick () what you see in your mind and what you hear.

So Jia and Jai take their ball and go outside.

They throw the ball. They catch the ball. They kick the ball. CRASH! The ball breaks a window!

I see: I hear:

a Ma laughing. a rumble

b the baby giggling. b crash 

c the window breaking.  c swoosh

Ma comes in. She picks up the baby.

I see: I hear:

a Jai smiling. a munching

b Ma cuddling the baby. b humming

c Jia crying. c wailing

2. Read the sentences. What will happen next? Colour in the pictures to show what the baby will do next.

Actions

Ma cuddles the baby.

Jia makes funny faces.

Big Idea

What will happen?

The baby will sleep.

The baby will laugh. The baby will cry. The baby will cry.

1. There is a small baby in your house. The baby is crying. Name two things you will do to stop the baby from crying.

2. The baby stops crying and smiles. How will you feel?

Pronounce Well Listen to the words here.

Read the words aloud. soon pool boot hoop moon cool hoot coop noon fool loot loop spoon tool root stoop

Look at each picture. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box. Then, read the sentences aloud.

a Jai is wearing new .

b The birdhouse has a .

Hint Box: boots      food      pool      roof

c Tina is hungry. She wants .

d The children swim in the .

Vocabulary

CRASH! The ball breaks the window. Different things make different sounds.

SMASH: A loud sound of something breaking.

THUD: A sound of heavy footsteps.

CLANG: A sharp, metal ringing sound.

RATTLE: The shaking sound made by loose objects.

1. Match the sentences and the correct sound words.

Ma drops a metal pot. SMASH

Jai breaks a flower pot. THUD

Pa walks down the stairs. CLANG

The baby shakes a noisy toy. RATTLE boots

2. Complete the sentences with the correct relationship words.

Hint Box: father   brother   sister   mother   grandmother

a She is my . She tells me stories.

grandmother

b She is my younger . She plays cricket with me.

c He is my . He cooks yummy food for me.

d He is my younger . He paints with me.

e She is my . She takes me to the park.

Go Grammar

Naming Words

Naming words are words used for people, places, animals, and things.

For example:

People: Ma, Jai, Jia, baby

Places: home, school, park

Animals: eagle, frog, elephant Things ball, window, pot

1. Sort the naming words into the correct columns.

Hint Box: Jia    home    horse    milk bottle   park    kitten    baby    pot

People Animals Things Places home

Common and Special Naming Words

Common Naming Words

Special Naming Words

These are any person, place, animal or thing. These are specific people, places, animals or things.

For example: baby, man, river For example: Zam, Mr Sharma, Nile River

Common names start with small letters. Special names start with capital letters.

2. Underline the common naming words and circle the special naming words.

a Ron plays with the ball.

b Zam is sleeping in the cot.

c Mt Everest is a very big mountain.

d The Magic Tree is my favourite book.

Did You Know?

Mount Everest is located on the border between two countries: Nepal and China!

Countable and Uncountable Naming Words.

Countable naming words name things that can be counted. For example:

Uncountable naming words name things that cannot be counted. For example:

We do not say three milk, four water or five sands. We say I have some milk or some flour. three bottles four pots five windows milk water sand

3. Dad is in the kitchen. Help him put things in the correct bag.

Listen Well

Listen to the text here.

Listen carefully to the text. Circle the things the family members get at the fair as you hear them.

During the first reading, listen to the text.

During the second reading, circle the things that you hear.

Speak Well

Practise speaking here.

Sit in pairs and talk to your friend about your hobby. Tell them about your hobby in two to three sentences.

Hi! I like singing. I sing songs with my grandmother. What do you like doing?

Hello! I love reading books. I have lots of books at home. My father reads to me every night.

Take turns to talk about your hobbies.  Use complete sentences.

Write Well

Look at the picture of a family. Fill in the blanks.

Hint Box: grandpa  smile  laughs  family  sofa  popcorn

The sits together in the living room. tells a story, and everyone listens to him. The little boy sits on the . He is thinking about something. Mom sits next to him, and she covers her face to hide her . The girl at grandpa’s story. The family is eating together. family

Friendship

2 . Goodnight, Tinku

—Preethi Nambiar

Look at the pictures. Circle  the pictures of the animals that are awake at night! Get Set

Tinku could not sleep. He decided to go for a walk. What happened next? Let us read the story to find out.

bat

owl

eagle

horse

sheep

firefly

Let’s Read

Talking Book

It was night. The moon was bright in the sky. All the animals on the farm were asleep… except Tinku!

He turned left. He turned right. He lay on his tummy. He rolled over, but he could not sleep!

So, Tinku went for a walk. He looked up. He looked down. ‘Is anyone else awake?’ he asked.

lay: to lie down

Think and Tell

What kind of animal is Tinku?

In a tree far away, there were some tiny lights.

One tiny light flew down!

‘I am a firefly,’ said the tiny light. ‘I glow in the dark!’

‘Will you be my friend?’ asked Tinku.

‘Yes, I will!’ said the firefly.

Something black flew over Tinku’s head. It hung upside-down from a tree.

‘I am a bat,’ it said. ‘I can fly, but I am not a bird!’

‘Will you be my friend?’ asked Tinku.

‘Yes, I will!’ said the bat.

A few leaves moved in the bushes. Someone was hiding! Tinku was terrified at the noise. Out came a fox.

‘I am a fox,’ said the animal. ‘I have big ears, and I can hear soft sounds from far, far away!’

glow: shine

hung: held onto something so as to not touch the ground terrified: very scared

Fireflies light up to talk to each other. They use their glow to send messages. Did You Know?

Think and Tell

How did Tinku feel when he heard noises coming from behind the bush?

‘Will you be my friend?’ asked Tinku.

‘Yes, I will!’ said the fox.

Two big eyes looked at him from another tree.

‘I am an owl,’ said the bird. ‘I have special wings, so I can fly without making a sound!’

‘Will you be my friend?’ asked Tinku.

‘Yes, I will!’ said the owl.

So the new friends jumped and rolled and played together. But soon, Tinku began to yawn.

‘I am sleepy. I have to go home now,’ said Tinku. ‘Goodnight, friends!’

‘Goodnight, Tinku!’ they said.

yawn: to open your mouth wide to take a deep breath, when sleepy or bored

Did You Know?

At night, when we sleep, some animals stay awake and go out to play and find food. They have special eyes to see in the dark! Fireflies, bats, foxes, owls, cats and flying squirrels are all night animals.

Listen to all the keywords here.

Read

and

Respond

1. Fill in the blanks with words in the box.

Hint Box: firefly    walk    night    bat

a Tinku cannot sleep, so he goes for a .

b The story takes place at .

c Tinku’s new friend that glows in the dark is a .

d Tinku meets a that hangs upside-down from a tree.

2. Write the numbers 1–4 to show the order in which Tinku meets his new friends. walk

Tinku meets a bat hanging upside down. Tinku meets a firefly glowing brightly.

Tinku meets an owl in a tree. Tinku meets a fox behind a bush.

3. Answer the questions in one to two sentences.

a What did Tinku do when he could not sleep?

b Which new friend had big eyes and wings?

c How many new friends did Tinku make that night?

d Why did Tinku leave his new friends at the end of the story?

Think and Answer

1. When we read a story we make a picture in our mind. Read the questions below, imagine and tick () the correct options.

a Where was Tinku when he was trying to sleep?

b What did Tinku see when he looked at the firefly?

c What did Tinku hear when he met the fox?

d How did Tinku feel after making many friends?

2. Tinku and his animal friends will meet again. What game do you think they will play? Why do you think it is a good game for them all to play?

Hint Box: hide-and-seek    follow the leader    races

I think Tinku should play with his friends. I say so because .

Big

Idea

Tinku cannot sleep. Write two ideas that you would give Tinku that will help him sleep. 1. 2. Pronounce Well

Read the words that make long E sounds.

Listen to the words here.

leap heal reach heat heap seal teach seat cheap meal peach eat

Underline the words that make the long E sound.

a A few leaves moved in the bushes.

b There is a seal on the beach.

c They will eat cookies and drink tea.

d The frogs can leap over the pond.

GAMES

Vocabulary

One or More than One

When we want to talk about more than one of something, we add the letter -s or -es at the end of the word.

For example:

dog dogs

Words that end in -ch, -s, -sh, -ss, -o, or -x, take -es to form more than one. brush brushes bus buses bench benches glass glasses tomato tomatoes

1. Match the pictures for ONE and the words for MORE THAN ONE.

One More than one potatoes owls trees bushes birds

fox foxes

2. Change the words to more than one. Then, complete the crossword.

Across

1. dress

2. class

3. mango Down

1. doll

2. dish

3. match

Grammar

Describing Words

Describing words tell us more about naming words. We can use them to talk about the colour, shape, size and number of something.

Remember!

Naming words are words used for a person, thing, animal, or place.

Describing words for colours tell us what colour something is.

The bat is black. That is a red fox.

Describing words for shapes tell us the shape of something.

 Its eyes are round.

 There is a square table.

Describing words for size tell us how big or small something is.

 Elephants have big ears.

 Look at that tall tree.

Describing words for numbers tell us how many there are.

 Two eyes looked at him from a tree.

 She has three cats.

1. Underline the describing words in the sentences. Write them in the correct columns.

a A tiny light flew down! b I have a brown dog.

c Look at the round moon. d There are five grasshoppers.

Shape Colour Size Number tiny

2. Complete the sentences with the correct describing words.

Hint Box: five      tall

a I saw trees. b My birthday cake is .

c I like to colour in with my crayon.

d The teacher gave me stars.

3. Ron visits a garden. Help him describe what he sees.

Hint Box: seven     big     red

I see a ladybug sitting on a leaf. I count butterflies fluttering around the flowers. I like to run around in the garden. tall red

Listen Well

Listen to the text here.

Listen carefully to the text. Tick () the correct answers.

a Where did Ruby and Tim live?

i A garden ii A house iii A forest

b Who are the best friends in the story?

i Ruby and ii Ruby and iii Tim and Tim Sam Jack

c What did Ruby find?

i Apples ii Carrots iii Berries

d What did Tim find?

i A flower ii A tree iii A pond

e Why were Ruby and Tim happy?

i They always shared things.

ii They always ran races.

iii They loved the forest.

Speak Well

Practise speaking here.

Look at the pictures and spot the similarities and differences between them. Talk about one similarity and two differences that you see.

For example:

Write Well

Write about your best friend.

In the first picture, the eyes of both the unicorns are open.

My best friend’s name is .

He/She is years old.

He/She is .

His/Her hair is .

Paste a picture of your best friend

His/Her eyes are . We together.

(age) (tall/short) (long/short/black/brown/straight/curly) (big/small/round/oval/brown/black) (two things you do together)

Project 1

A Map of My Heart

Let us make a beautiful map of our heart. We can show the people we love and admire, and the things we like to do.

What you need for this project:

A sheet of white chart paper

Pictures of friends, family and yourself

Colour pencils, crayons, or markers

A pair of safety scissors

A glue stick

Stickers (smiley faces, hearts, stars, etc.)

Steps

Divide Your Heart:

By:

• Draw a big heart in the middle of your chart paper.

• Draw sections in your heart as shown in the image.

• In each section you can write about your favourite friends, hobbies, food, teachers, sports and places. You can write about your family and what you like to do with them.

• Paste or draw pictures of your family and friends.

• Use colour pencils, doodles and stickers to make your heart look colourful.

• Finally, talk about the map of your heart in class. Use the words given below to express your feelings when you talk about it.

You may show your heart in class when you talk about it. You may ask someone in your family to help you.

1 Kindness

3 . The Boy and the Drum

Get Set

Look at these pictures. How will you help these people? Tell your teacher about it.

An old man carrying heavy bags

A girl caught in the rain A crying baby A sad dog

Young Gopi lives in a small village. His biggest wish is to have a drum. Gopi is a kind boy who always helps those in need. Let us read to see how he is blessed.

Let’s Read

Gopi’s mother is going to the market to sell grain. She asks Gopi, ‘What can I get for you?’

‘I want a drum, please Amma,’ replies Gopi.

Amma sells the grain and buys some flour for her house. She has no money left. She feels sad that she cannot get anything for her son.

Talking Book

On the way home, she finds a hollow piece of wood and gives it to Gopi. Gopi thanks her and runs out to play. He sees an old man trying to light his stove. There is smoke all around him, but no fire.

Think and Tell

What will you do if your mother doesn’t buy what you want?

hollow: with an empty space inside

He goes to the old man and says, ‘Here, Grandpa, your wood is wet. Use this dry wood to light the fire.’

The old man is happy and gives Gopi some bread.

Suddenly, Gopi hears the potter’s baby crying loudly. Feeling sad, he offers the baby the bread, and she stops crying. The potter’s wife is grateful and gives Gopi a pot.

Gopi goes to the river to fetch water. There, he sees an upset washerman.

‘What is the matter?’ Gopi asks.

The washerman replies, ‘I broke my pot and I need to wash these clothes.’

Gopi looks at the pot in his hand and, with a gentle smile, gives it to the washerman.

The washerman gives Gopi a smart, green coat. Gopi wears the oversized coat. He walks along, happily swinging the long arms of the coat.

He sees a singer sitting outside his house, looking sad. ‘What happened, sir?’ Gopi asks.

Think and Tell

‘I have to perform at a wedding but I don’t have nice clothes,’ the singer replies.

potter: someone who makes pots grateful: thankful fetch: get smart: good-looking or grand

What do you think Gopi will do?

oversized: big in size

singer: one who plays music well perform: to present a song or a dance in front of people

Gopi looks at his smart, green coat and gives it to the man. The singer gives Gopi a drum. ‘Thank you! You are a kind boy. Take this drum and keep on sharing your kindness with others.’

Gopi’s eyes gleam with joy. He runs home, singing and playing the drum.

gleam: shine brightly

Listen to all the keywords here.

Read and Respond

1. Fill in the blanks.

Hint Box:

a Gopi asks his mother to get him a  .

b Gopi gives the old man a piece of dry .

c The baby stops crying when Gopi gives her some .

d The washerman gives Gopi a .

2. Read the clues and complete the crossword with the names of people from the story.

Across

1. He is upset about his broken pot.

2. His baby is crying.

Down

1. She brings Gopi a piece of wood.

2. He has to perform at a wedding.

3. Answer the questions in one to two sentences.

a What does Gopi’s mother sell at the market?

b Who does Gopi meet first? What is the person doing?

c Why is the singer sad?

d Why does Gopi run to his house at the end of the story?

Think and Answer

1. What lesson can we learn from Gopi?

2. The people in the story have problems. Gopi tries to solve their problems. Complete the table by writing the problems or the solutions that the people have in the story.

People Problem Solution

gives him a hollow piece of wood

Mother She could not buy a drum for Gopi. She .

The old man He could not . Gopi gives him his dry wood.

Potter’s baby The baby was hungry. Gopi . Washerman He . Gopi gives him his pot.

Big Idea

Gopi is a kind boy. He helps people who are in need. Think about a time you helped someone.

Who did you help?

What did you do to help?

How did the person feel?

Pronounce Well

Read the words aloud.

shop

sheep fish wash

Listen to the words here.

chair chain lunch teach phone photo elephant graph

Look at pictures and say the words aloud. Circle the correct spelling of the words.

sheep / ship

cheese / chest

fone / phone

Vocabulary

chart / chalk

1. We hear many sounds around us. Underline the sound words in the sentences.

a The bee buzzes as it flies past.

b The clock goes tick-tock on the wall.

c The bird chirped tweet-tweet in the morning.

d The leaves rustled in the wind.

Apostrophe (‘s)

An apostrophe is used to show that something belongs to someone. You add an apostrophe + -s (‘s) to the end of a naming word.

The bread belongs to Gopi. Gopi’s bread.

The pot belongs to the washerman. The washerman’s pot.

The drum belongs to the singer. The singer’s drum.

2. Fill in the blank with a naming word + ’s to show who it belongs to.

a The cat belongs to Sarah. It is cat.

b The toy belongs to Adi. It is toy.

c The book belongs to Ved. It is book.

d The pencil belongs to Meena. It is pencil.

Go Grammar

Words in the Place of Naming Words

Gopi wants a drum. Gopi helps the old man. Gopi wants a drum. He helps the old man.

Mother goes to the market. Mother sells grain.

Mother goes to the market. She sells grain.

The coat is big. The coat is green. The coat is big. It is green.

Gopi and the old man are talking.

Gopi and the old man are happy.

Gopi and the old man are talking. They are happy.

Words that are used in place of naming words that are doing the actions are I, he, she, you, it, we and they.

Words that are used in place of naming words that are receiving the actions are me, him, her, you, them, us and it.

Doing the Action Doing Words Receiving the Action

Rohan (He) hugs Vivaan. (him)

I saw Kavya. (her)

Kiran (She) misses Rohan and Anuj. (them)

1. Tick () the correct word and fill in the blanks.

a went for a walk.

i He ii Him

b The baby bird followed to the park. i us ii they

c looked sad and tired.

i They ii Me

d gave Rohan a bottle of water.

i I ii me

2. Circle the correct words that can be used in place of the naming words.

a The tree is very tall. (They / It )

b The baby birds are sleeping in the nest. (They / Them)

c Nisha wants to play with Anaya. (her / she)

d Adi takes the cat to the vet. (it / we) He 

Can and Cannot

Can tells us about what someone or something is able to do.

For example: Alia can climb a tree.

Cannot tells us about what someone or something is not able to do.

For example:

The baby bird cannot fly high.

3. Write YES if the sentence is correct and NO if the sentence is incorrect.

a A fish can swim.

b The tree can grow without sunlight.

c Rabbits cannot hop.

d A cat cannot bark.

4. Fill in the blanks with can or cannot.

a Rohan fly like a bird.

b Nisha is good at Maths. She help us.

c Anuj is scared of water. He swim.

d Ostriches fly.

Listen Well

Listen to the text here.

Listen carefully to the text and write T for True and F for False.

a Nita found a hurt bird.

b Nita left the bird and walked away.

c The bird had magical powers.

d The bird gave Nita a silver feather.

e The feather brought Nita's family good luck and happiness. Yes cannot

Speak Well

Practise speaking here.

Choose your favourite thing in the classroom. Hold it in your hands. Talk about it in class. Use three to four sentences.

This is my box of colour pencils. It is very pretty. I use these pencils to draw and colour. I always keep the box in my school bag.

Write Well

A thank-you note is a short message or letter to thank someone for their help, kindness or a gift.

In a thank-you note, we write:

1. Who you are thanking

2. Why you are saying thank you

3. Something nice at the end

4. Sign your name

Think about a gift that you got from someone. Write a thank-you note to the person who gave you the gift.

Dear ,

Thank you for . I love it because . You are the best ever! Love, (name of the person)

(name of the gift)

(why you like it) (relationship) (your name)

1 Kindness

4 . Kind Kinnu

Get Set

When we are helpful and nice to others, it is called being kind. Circle the pictures that show kindness.

Kinnu is a kind and helpful young boy. Let us read the poem to get to know him.

The sun shines bright, the day begins, Kinnu is up with happy grins!

He brushes his teeth, he makes his bed, Then helps Papa butter the bread.

He spills the milk, but that’s okay, He laughs, learns and wipes it away.

He teaches Ru to lace his shoe, Hugs Mumma tight, says, ‘I love you!’

‘Hello, uncle! How do you do?’

He greets his friends, both old and new!

He listens to his teachers oh so well, He tidies up when he hears the bell!

Think and Tell

Talking Book

up: (here) awake

grins: a big happy smile spills: (here) messes some milk by mistake

What does Kinnu do after he makes a mistake?

wipes: cleans something by using a piece of cloth

greets: says hello in a friendly way tidies up: cleans up a place to make it neat

Knocks over blocks while having fun, Says, ‘Sorry!’ and builds another one.

Lunchtime comes, he finishes his food, He says, ‘Thank you!’—He is never rude.

He plays with friends, with a smile so wide, Sees a hurt bird, and stays by its side.

Evening is here, the sky turns pink, He feeds his pet, gives it water to drink.

Then off to bed, he says, ‘Goodnight!’ Kinnu’s kindness shines so bright.

Think and Tell

How do you think Kinnu takes care of the bird?

knocks over: makes something fall by mistake feeds: gives someone food to eat

Listen to all the keywords here.

Read and Respond

1. Match the people in the poem and what Kinnu does for them.

People Actions gives water to drink Papa

Ru butters the bread

Pet greets him

Uncle helps tie shoelaces

2. Answer the questions in one to two sentences.

a What does Kinnu do when he spills the milk?

b What does Kinnu do at school?

c How does he show Mumma he loves her?

d Why is Kinnu called ‘kind’?

Big Idea

Kinnu helps his family, friends and animals. Talk to your friend about how you can help these people.

Vocabulary

father grandparents teachers friend

1. Circle the word that rhymes with the word in blue. bright nose place brick light spill still high lamp stamp block pick look tall clock bread cot head pole mat

Adding ‘un’ or ‘dis’ to Make Opposites

Sometimes we can add letters to the beginning of words to make opposites.

 un- means ‘not’.

It is unkind to laugh at others. (Here unkind means not kind.)

 dis- means ‘not’.

I dislike people who are unkind to animals. (Here dislike means to not like.)

2. Fill in the blanks with opposite of the underlined words.

a The rules of the game are clear to Rohan. They are to Nishita. unclear

b It is fair to share toys with all friends. It is to share toys with only some friends.

c Telling the truth is honest. Telling a lie is .

d Rohan talks about what he likes and .

Poetry Appreciation

Rhyming pairs are two words that end with the same sound.

Complete the poem ‘Kindness’ with rhyming pairs.

Hint Box: hand–land   way–day   right–bright

There once was a little bear named Lou, With a heart so kind and true.

Lou loved to help in every ,

Spreading kindness every .

When Lou saw a friend who fell, He would ask if they were well.

With a warm hug and a gentle ,

Lou spread joy across the .

Kind words were Lou’s special spell, Making everyone feel well.

Helping others felt so , It made Lou’s heart feel .

Grammar Worksheet 1

Naming Words

1. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.

Hint Box: mother  river  garden  trees  flowers

a Our new house is near a .

b There are many green, tall around our house.

c There is a big with many pretty .

d My enjoys fishing in the river.

2. Circle the common naming words and underline the special naming words Tim is my cat.

a This country is India.

c Lily has three children.

d

b Mr Das is a soldier.

3. Underline the countable naming words and circle the uncountable naming words.

a The family eats sandwiches at the beach.

b The children look happy.

c They are putting some sand in buckets.

d They have five buckets.

e There is a lot of water.

4. Choose the correct word to fill in the blanks.

The family is at a restaurant.

a There are five (chairs/airs).

b I want one (mango/rice) please.

c Please eat some (milk/pudding).

d Look at the two (lamps/water).

e Let us go outside for some (chairs/air).

Grammar Worksheet 2

Describing Words

1. Circle the describing words using crayons. Use the colour code: SHAPE SIZE COLOUR NUMBER

a There are red foxes.

b That leopard is big.

c She saw four eyes in the dark.

d The white cat is mine.

e Ram is holding a square box.

2. Tick () the describing word for each picture.

small three tall

a d b e c

three round square small green tall

three round tall three round rectangular

3. Fill in the blanks with describing words.

a The giraffes are .

b There are squirrels.

c Look at those bamboos.

d The lake is beautiful.

e The pizza is . (colour) (number) (size) (colour) (shape)

Grammar Worksheet 3

Words in the Place of Naming Words

1. Circle the words that replace the naming words.

a Mia is walking. She is going to the park.

b The class is in the bus. We are going to the zoo.

c Rohan has a dog. He likes to play with it.

d I have a new book. Neena gave it to me.

2. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets.

a Adi and his father give food to the poor. (they)

b Adi and I fed a stray dog and cat. (we)

c The dog plays fetch with Adi. (him)

d The father finds a vet for the dog. (it)

Can and Cannot

3. Look at the table to see what Adi, Pia and Sonu can or cannot do. Then, fill in the blanks with can or cannot. paint swim jump

a Adi jump.

b Pia paint.

c Sonu swim.

d Adi paint but Sonu .

e Pia swim but Adi .

Practice Time-1

Name of the Student:

Class: 2 Section:

Roll Number:

Date:

Section – A (Reading and Vocabulary)

1. Read the story and answer the questions.

A little girl named Priya saw Uncle John with a cane. He was carrying a heavy bag. She was holding a small, colourful kite in her hand. She quickly put the kite down on a nearby bench and ran to him. She said, ‘Let me help you!’

Priya smiled as she carried Uncle John’s bag to his house.

Uncle John thanked Priya and gave her a sweet, ‘You are very kind.’ Priya felt happy, knowing she had made Uncle John’s day better with a simple act of kindness. She returned to take her kite and enjoyed her sweet with a big smile.

a Answer the questions.

i Who did Priya see?

Priya saw .

ii What was Priya holding in her hand?

Priya was holding .

iii What did Priya say to Uncle John?

Priya said to Uncle John .

iv What did Priya do to help Uncle John?

Priya helped Uncle John by .

v How did Priya feel after helping Uncle John?

Priya felt .

b Write True or False.

i Priya didn’t help Uncle John when she saw him carrying the bag.

ii Priya carried Uncle John’s bag to his car.

iii Uncle John thanked Priya for her kindness.

iv Priya felt sad after helping Uncle John.

v Priya helped Uncle John by giving him money.

c Fill in the correct name with ‘s to show who it belongs to.

i The bag belongs to Uncle John. It is bag.

ii The kite belongs to Priya. It is kite.

iii The house belongs to Uncle John. It is house.

iv The sweet belongs to Priya. It is sweet.

v The cane belongs to Uncle John. It is cane.

Section – B (Grammar)

2. Complete the sentences with the words that are used in the place of naming words.

a Priya saw Uncle John, and helped him with his bag. (she/her)

b Uncle John thanked Priya for kindness. (his/her)

c Uncle John said, ‘Thank you, Priya. are very kind!’ (You/Your)

d Priya teaches to be kind. (we/us)

3. Fill in the blanks with two describing words for the naming words.

Hint Box: kind    three    blue    big

Pankaj visits a park where he sees a woman giving a child a gift. He notices children helping to clean the playground by picking up the garbage. They put the plastic waste in the bin. When he looks around, he sees everyone smiling because of the good work.

Section – C (Writing)

4. Write four sentences about your father. a .

5. Complete the poem on ‘Kindness’. Use the rhyming pairs in the box.

Hint Box: shared-cared    glad–sad    fun–sun need–seed   hand–land

There was a little girl named May, Who spread kindness every day. She always had a smile she , And showed her friends how much she . When someone felt a little blue, May knew just what to do. She’d brighten up their day with , And play with them under the .

May’s kindness was like a sunny ray, Making everyone’s troubles go away.

So, when you see a friend in , Remember to plant the kindness .

She’d help her friends when they were , And turn their days from bad to . With her kind words and helping , She makes this world a kinder .

1 Numbers up to 200

Understanding Numbers up to 200

Soham’s father bought 10 boxes of sweets for a festival. There are 10 sweets in each box. He asked Soham to count all the sweets.

In the evening, some more boxes with 10 sweets in each were added. Soham could easily count up to 100. This was more than 100!

Introducing 3-digit Numbers

Let us help Soham count numbers greater than 100.

10 boxes with 10 sweets in each.

Think and Tell

There are 20 boxes with 10 sweets in each. How many tens and hundreds does it have?

Building Numbers

The table shows numbers 101 to 200.

We can also write numbers by counting forward and backwards.

Counting Forward: 113, 114, 115, 116, 117

Counting Backwards: 140, 139, 138, 137, 136

Let us build some of these numbers with place value blocks.

Remember!

2-digit numbers end with 99. 3-digit numbers start from 100.

Place Value and Expanded Form

Let us learn to read the place value of the digits in a 3-digit number.

1 is at the Hundreds place. The place value of 1 is 100.

Proper way of writing number names:

This is known as the expanded form of the number. 123 =

167: one six seven

167: one hundred sixty-seven

3 is at the Ones place. The place value of 3 is 3. 2 is at the Tens place. The place value of 2 is 20.

123 = 1 hundreds + 2 tens + 3 ones = 100 + 20 + 3.

Example 1: Write the place value of the digits in 154. Also, write its expanded form.

1  Fill in the missing numbers. a  111, 112, , , b  155, , , 158, c  189, , 191, , Error Alert!

It Yourself 1A

2  Look at the blocks. Write the numbers shown by the blocks.

a b c

3 Write the numbers for the number names and represent the numbers using blocks. a  one hundred forty-three b  one hundred sixty-one c  one hundred eleven

4  Write down the place value of the red digits in the numbers.

a  132 b  114 c 123 d  156 e  155 f 198

5  The expanded form of the numbers are given. Write the numbers.

a  100 + 30 + 8 b  100 + 00 + 4 c  100 + 90 + 2

6 There are 206 bones in the human body. Write the number as a number name.

Comparing and Ordering Numbers

Let us compare 80 and 100 to find which is greater. 3-digit numbers are always more than 2-digit numbers. So, 100 is greater than 80: 100 > 80. We can also say that 80 is less than 100: 80 < 100.

Remember!

We use the signs '<' and '>' to show less than and more than. The alligator always opens its mouth towards the greater number.

Let us compare more numbers. Which number is greater—183 or 187?

1. Compare the hundreds. Both numbers have 1 hundreds each. Since the hundreds are the same, compare the tens.

2. Compare the tens.

Both numbers have 8 tens each.

Since the tens are the same, compare the ones.

3. Compare the ones. In 183, there are 3 ones. In 187, there are 7 ones.

So, 187 is more than or greater than 183. We can write this as 187 > 183.

Number Window

Look at the number chart. Let us place a number window on the number 155.

1 step left or backwards from 155 is 154.

1 row up from 155 is 145.

Increasing and Decreasing Order

1 step right or forward from 155 is 156.

1 row down from 155 is 165.

In increasing order, we write the numbers starting with the smaller number.

In decreasing order, we write the numbers starting with the greater number.

Example 2: Look at the window placed on 178. Write the correct numbers.

Number that is 1 less than 178: 177

Number that is 1 more than 178: 179

Number that is 10 less than 178: 168

Number that is 10 more than 178: 188

Do It Yourself 1B

Circle the box with the greater number.

a  122   100 b  66    166 c  43    102

2 Which number is greater? Which one is smaller? Are they equal? Use <, > or = signs to show.

a  123     143 b  133     193

3  Which number comes before the given number? a 123 b 134

4  Which number comes after the given number?

a  112 b  100 c  179

5  Arrange these numbers in increasing and decreasing order.

a  123, 114, 109, 154, 134 b  112, 110, 119, 117, 118

c  73, 100, 99, 101, 111 d  100, 187, 119, 111, 99

6 The tiger is the national animal of India. In India, the Nagarhole tiger reserve has 141 tigers, Corbett tiger reserve has 160 tigers, Bandipur tiger reserve has 150 and Dudhwa tiger reserve has 135 tigers. Arrange the tiger reserves in ascending order on the basis of the number of tigers.

More Types of Numbers

Four friends are participating in a sack race. Tina is watching them. She is confused. Who is winning this race?

Ordinal Numbers

Let�s help Tina. We need to mark the position of each friend in the race.

first (1st) second (2nd) third (3rd) fourth (4th)

The numbers first, second, third and fourth tell us the position of each friend. These numbers are known as ordinal numbers.

first (1st) third (3rd)

Did You Know?

The numbers used for counting—1, 2, 3, and so on are called cardinal numbers.

Example 3: Three students are in a lunch line. Circle the first and the third student.

The ordinal numbers up to 10 are: first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th olour the sixth pot. The first pot is marked for you.

a The grapes are in the position.

b The is in the 5th position.

c The apple is in the position.

d The sunflower is in the position.

a  Colour the 2nd and the 4th box red.

b  Colour the 3rd and the 10th box yellow.

c Colour the 6th and the 8th box green.

d Colour the 7th and the 9th box pink.

Odd and Even Numbers

Read the text. Colour the boxes accordingly. The first box is coloured red.

Today, Tina and her friends are practising for the pair race.

Everyone has a partner. They are even in number. Tina also wants to join, but she does not have a partner. She is the odd one out. Let us learn what odd and even numbers are. 6 is an even number.

Example 4: There are 5 candies. Are they odd or even in number?

One candy is not in a pair. 5 is an odd number. So, these candies are odd in number.

Think and Tell If we add two odd numbers. Do we get an odd number or an even number?

2

Circle the objects in pairs. Write if they are odd or even.

a b Do It Yourself 1D

Circle the box with an even number of objects.

Write True or False.

a  Riya has 3 mugs. She has an odd number of mugs.

b  Jiya has 8 pens. She has an even number of pens.

c  Mohan has 5 apples. He can form 4 pairs.

Draw circles to show an even number. Draw triangles to show an odd number.

What’s My Position?

Collaboration & Experiential Learning

Setting: Group of 10

Things Needed: Slips with the name of each player

What to do?

1  In your group, pick two slips to choose the caller and the player.

2 The other students will stand in a line. The caller will stand first and say, “I am first.”

3 The caller will ask the player, “Who is second in the line?”; “Who is fourth in the line?”; “Who is sixth in the line?” and so on.

4 Each time, the player needs to touch the student in the named position and call out his/her name. The team will check and decide if the player is right.

5 If the player is right, he/she can switch positions with the student in line. And the game will continue with the next player.

Write the number for the given place

Soma, Daman, Rajiv and Suhani were planting saplings. Soma planted 159 saplings, Daman planted 148 saplings, Rajiv planted 198 saplings and Suhani planted 184 saplings. Who planted the maximum number of saplings? Do you also plant seeds?

1 There are 1 hundreds, 7 tens and 9 ones blocks.

a What number do they make?

b If 2 tens blocks are taken away, what is the remaining number?

2 A building has five floors. Rohan lives on the 5th floor. Juhi lives on the floor above Riya. Riya lives on the 2nd floor. On which floor does Juhi live?

Rohan lives in the 1st (purple) house on the street. His friend Raman lives in the 5th house.

1  What is the colour of Raman’s house?

a  Blue b  Orange c  Green d  Purple

2  What is the position of the yellow house?

a  2nd b  4th c  5th d  7th

3  Choose the correct option. Fill in the blank.

a  The 3rd house is . (blue/orange).

b  The only green house is on the street. (7th/9th)

4  Write True or False.

a  The orange houses are in the 3rd and 6th position on the street.

b  The purple house, other than Raman’s house, is 4th on the street.

5  How will you help an elderly person find their home if they are lost?

2 Addition of 2-digit Numbers

Adding 2−digit Numbers

Seema: Hi Meena, I have 15 coloured pencils in my colour box.

Meena: I have 13 crayons in my colour box.

Seema: Let us find out how many things we have in total.

Addition without Regrouping

Let us help Meena and Seema count the things. Show the things using place value blocks. 1 tens 5 ones

Now, let us add 15 and 13 using the place value blocks.

15 coloured pencils with Seema 13 crayons with Meena 2 8

Add the ones. 5 ones and 3 ones = 8 ones Add the tens. 1 tens and 1 tens = 2 tens

2 tens 8 ones = 28 +

Vertical Method

We can add numbers by writing them one below the other. Adding 23 and 32. Add the ones.

Remember!

When we add numbers, the result is always known as the sum of the numbers. Example: 12 +12 = 24 The sum of 12 and 12 is 24.

1: Add 34 and 25.

The sum of 34 and 25 is 59.

Horizontal Method

Let us add 2 numbers by writing them side by side. Add 24 and 35. Add the tens.

Write the answer. 23 + 32 = 55

Step 1: Add the ones.

+ 35

Step 2: Add the tens.

+ 35

So, 24 + 35 = 59.

Example 2: Add 42 and 32 by writing the numbers side by side.

+ 32 = 74

Mental Addition

Sometimes we need to add numbers quickly. Let us learn how to add 47 and 22 mentally. We know 22 has 2 tens and 2 ones, so we can write it as: 47 + 22 = 47 + 20 + 2 = 67 + 2 (jump by 2 tens or 20) = 69 (then add 2 ones)

Remember!

Example 3: Add mentally: 53 and 34. We can write it as, 53 + 34 = 53 + 30 + 4 = 83 + 4 = 87

When we add 0 to any number, the sum is the same as the number itself. Example: 12 + 0 = 12.

What needs to be added to 20 to get 39? Draw.

Add mentally and circle the sums with the correct answer.

Addition with Regrouping Seema has 15 coloured pencils.

Her friend gave her 5 more.

1 tens 5 ones

15 coloured pencils

5 coloured pencils 5 ones

How many coloured pencils does Seema have now?

Let us add and find out.

Step 1

Draw the place value blocks.

5 Tens Ones Here, we get 5 + 5 = 10 ones. 10 ones make 1 tens. So, we change the 10 ones to 1 tens.

Step 2

We first add the ones. Tens Ones

Step 3

Move the 1 tens to the tens place.

Step 4 Now add the tens.

There are 0 ones. So we write 0 in the ones place. We get 2 tens and 0 ones. 2 tens = 20  The sum of 15 and 5 is 20.

So, 15 + 5 = 20.

Addition with Regrouping to 10

Let us understand how to add two 2-digit numbers by regrouping.

Adding 25 and 15

Step 1: Add the ones.

5 ones + 5 ones = 10 ones 10 ones = 1 tens + 0 ones

Step 2: Write 0 in the ones place. Move 1 tens to the tens place.

Step 3: Add the tens. 2 tens + 1 tens + 1 carry over tens = 4 tens. Write 4 in the tens place.

So, the sum of 25 and 15 is 40.

Regrouping When the Sum is More Than 10

Here, we are going to look at sums where we always get more than 10 by adding the digits in the ones place.

Let us add 15 and 26.

Step 1: Add the ones. 5 ones + 6 ones = 11 ones 10 ones = 1 tens + 1 ones

Step 2: Write 1 in the ones place. Move 1 tens to the tens place.

So, the sum of 15 and 26 is 41.

Step 3: Add the tens. 1 tens + 2 tens + 1 carry over tens = 4 tens. Write 4 in the tens place.

In regrouping we always shift the 10 ones from the ones place to the tens place as 1 tens.

a  25 + 45 =

b  23 + 19 =

c  35 + 15 =

d  34 + 27 =

Draw the tables and add the numbers by writing them one below the other.

a 21 + 9 b 59 + 19 c 25 + 15

d 21 + 19 e 58 + 17 f 35 + 48

Adding More Than 2 Numbers

Let us now learn how to add three numbers: 8, 4 and 6.

Step 1

Write the numbers one below the other.

Step 2

Add any two numbers first.

Step 3

Then, add the third number to the sum of the first two numbers.

Let us now find the sum of 8, 4 and 6 using the number line.

1. Start from the first number, 8. Jump forward by 4, to reach 12.

2. Start from 12 and jump forward by the third number, 6. We will reach 18.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 16 18 19 20 8 + 4 12 + 6

So, 8 + 4 + 6 = 18.

Let us add 12, 15 and 25 using the vertical method.

Did You Know?

Shakuntala Devi was an Indian Mathematician, and known as a human computer, because she could do long calculations quickly in her head.

Step 1

Write the numbers one below the other.

Step 2

Add the ones. Regroup if the sum is equal to or more than 10.

We get 12 in the ones place. 12 = 1 tens and 2 ones We write only 2 in the ones place. 1 tens is moved to the tens place.

Think and Tell

Step 3

Add the tens.

So, 12 + 15 + 25 = 52.

Example 4: Find the sum.

What comes in the ones place if we add 34 and 16?

Remember!

The answer can be checked by changing the order of the numbers and adding them again. 15 + 12 + 12 = 39; 12 + 12 + 15 = 39; 12 + 15 + 12 = 39

In all the cases the sum is equal to 39.

Do It Yourself 2C

Add the numbers using the number line. Draw jumps to show addition.

Fill in the blanks.

Story Sums

We can use the CUBES method to solve story sums. In the CUBES method, we follow the 5 given steps .

C Circle the Numbers U Underline the Question B Box the Key Words E Evaluate/Draw S Solve and Check!

Circle the numbers

Rina and Geeta went to buy apples. Rina bought 18 apples. Geeta bought 15 apples. How many apples did they buy in total?

Box the keywords

Underline the question

Apples Rina bought = 18

Apples Geeta bought = 15

Total number of apples = 18 + 15

Solve and check!

Rina and Geeta have 33 apples in total.

C: Circle the numbers.

U: Underline the question.

B: Box the key words.

E: Evaluate/draw.

S: Solve and check!

Riya bought 24 candies, and her friend Aryan gave her 37 more candies. How many candies does Riya have now?

Arun makes murukkus (a deep-fried snack). He makes 42 murukkus, and his friend makes 26 murukkus. How many murukkus do they make in total?

In a garden, there are 48 red roses, 32 yellow roses and 17 white roses. How many roses are there in the garden?

A balloon seller has 56 red balloons, 21 blue balloons and 12 green balloons. How many balloons are there in total?

Lab Race to 100!

Setting: In groups of 4

Things Needed:

Collaboration & Communication

• Printed copies of number grid 1–100 (1 per group)

• Small tokens, coins or stones (1 per player)

• Deck of number cards of 1–10 (1 deck per group)

Let’s play:

1 Each group gets a game board, game markers and a deck of cards.

2 Players take turns to draw two cards from the deck.

3 Add the two numbers together to find the sum.

4 Move your token forward by that many spaces on the game board.

5 If you get the sum wrong, stay in your current position.

6 The first player to reach 100 wins!

Chapter Checkup

1  Using a number line, add the given numbers. a 8 + 2 b 7 + 5 + 2

2 Add the numbers by drawing place value blocks. a 13 + 21 b 18 + 2

3  Solve using the vertical method.

7 + 3 + 2

18 + 0 + 27

4  Add the numbers horizontally. a  26 + 13 b  48 + 22

57 + 38

5  Find the correct answer. a  23 + 42 b  32 + 45 c  62 + 14

6 Meals are served on banana leaves, mostly in the South Indian states. Rohan brought 23 banana leaves, and Soham brought 46 leaves. What is the total number of leaves?

7 A fruit vendor has 28 apples, 41 oranges and 29 bananas. How many fruits does the vendor have in total?

8 Mohan likes to share things with his brother. Mohan bought 15 comic books, 12 colouring books and 10 notepads and shared them with his brother. How many books did he buy in total? Do you also share things with others?

What number will you get if you add the smallest 2-digit number to a dozen?

The sum of three odd 2-digit numbers is an even number. Write true or false. Explain your answer with an example. 2

Bird Feeders

Bird feeders are containers placed outside to give food and water for birds. Raha and her friends make bird feeders with coconut shells to be kept at various locations in their society. On Day 1, Raha collected 8 shells and her friends collected 31 shells. On Day 2, they got 5 more shells. Read the questions and answer them.

1 Draw place value blocks to show the total number of shells collected by Raha’s friends on Day 1?

2  How many bird feeders did Raha and her friends make on Day 1?

8

39

5

29

3 What is the total number of bird feeders that they made?

4 Name 2 reusable waste materials that can be used to make bird feeders.

3 Subtraction of 2-digit Numbers

Subtracting 2-digit Numbers

Sara loves to read books.

Sara is reading a book on planets.

There are 56 pages in the book.

Sara has finished reading 12 pages. How many pages are left?

Subtraction without Regrouping

Let us help Sara find out how many pages are left. Here we see the pages are decreasing in number. So, we have to subtract.

Vertical Method

Let us subtract 12 pages from 56 pages.

1 page = 1 ones = 10 pages = 1 tens =

Write down the numbers 56 and 12 according to their place value.

Write the bigger number on top and the smaller number below during subtraction.

We are left with 4 ones in the ones place.

Start with the ones place. We have 6 ones in the ones place. We take away 2 ones.

Subtract the tens place. We have 5 tens in the tens place. We take away 1 tens.

We are left with 4 tens in the tens place.

Example 1: 1 Subtract 10 from 30. 2 Subtract 5 from 17.

Mental Subtraction

Sometimes we need to subtract numbers quickly. Let us learn how to subtract 12 from 56.

Mark 56 on a number strip. We know 12 = 10 + 2. Move backwards by 10 steps directly, and then go 2 steps back to reach 44.

Count backwards by 2 ones

Jump backwards by 1 tens

Therefore, 44 pages are left for Sara to read. We can use this strategy to solve it mentally.

Let us subtract: 44 – 23.

1. Keep the bigger number 44 in mind.

2. Count backwards by 2 tens as 34, 24 to reach 24.

3 • Subtraction of 2-digit Numbers

3. Count backwards by 3 ones as 23, 22, 21 to reach 21.

4. So, 44 – 23 = 21.

Example 2: Find 78 – 34.

Count backwards by 3 ones

Jump backwards by 2 tens

Go back by 3 tens from 78 to reach 48.

Then move back by 4 ones to reach 44.

So, 78 – 34 = 44.

Did You Know?

Operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division were first devised by the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta.

Do It Yourself 3A Solve mentally.

Draw jumps on the number grid to solve. Integration

– 12

Draw the place value blocks to show the subtraction. Write the answer.

Subtraction with Regrouping

Sara had 44 pages left to read. She read 3 more pages. She had 44 – 3 = 41 pages left.

The next day, Sara read 13 pages. How many pages are left now?

Subtracting by Regrouping 1s

We have to subtract 13 from 41.

Write the numbers according to the place value. Show the bigger number using blocks.

Subtract the ones place. We cannot take away 3 from 1.

We shift 1 tens from the tens place to the ones place as 10 ones.

We are not left with 3 tens..

1 tens = 10 ones We get 11 ones in the ones place. Take away 3 ones from 11 ones.

We get 8 ones in the ones place. Take away 1 tens from 3 tens.

get 2 tens in the tens place.

41 – 13 = 28. So, 28 pages are left.

Example 3: Subtract 8 from 20.

So, 20 – 8 = 12.

Example 4: Solve 71 – 28.

Finding the Missing Number

Sara was solving a puzzle in her book. She had to find the missing number. We can find the missing numbers in subtraction by using addition.

Let us now learn how to find the missing numbers in a subtraction problem.

Smaller

10 is the answer.

Steps

Check the ones place.

Explanation

We add the digit of the smaller number and the answer in the ones place to find the missing digit of the bigger number. 4 + 0 = 4 Check the tens place.

We subtract the digit of the answer in the tens place from the digit of the bigger number in the tens place.

2 – 1 = 1

Checking Subtraction Using Addition

If we subtract 8 from 19 we will get 11.

When we add the answer of subtraction to the smaller number, we get the bigger number as the answer.

Checking the answer using addition:

Bigger number Smaller number Answer

Addition and Subtraction Facts

Let us understand how addition and subtraction are related.

There are 8 apples and 5 mangoes.

So, using 3 different numbers 8, 5 and 13 we can write the addition and subtraction facts as given below:

Example 5: Write down the subtraction and addition facts of 9, 8 and 17. There are 9 fish and 8 turtles:

The addition and subtraction facts are:

+ 8 = 17

+ 9 = 17

Example 6: Find the missing number.

Check the ones place. Then check the tens place.

Do It Yourself 3B

Look at the blocks. Cross out the blocks to show the subtraction. Write the answer.

Write down the addition and subtraction facts for the following numbers.

9, 6 and 15 There are 9 shells and 6 stones.

Story Sums

C Circle the Numbers

b  Write down the addition and subtraction facts for 3, 8 and 11. Draw the place value blocks and subtract with regrouping.

Draw things to show the addition and subtraction facts of 13.

nderline the Question

Solve and Check!

Satish has 18 storybooks. He gives 10 storybooks to Manish. How many books does Satish have left? Circle the numbers Underline the question Box

We can use the CUBES method to solve story sums. In the CUBES method, we follow the 5 given steps.

ox the Key Words E Evaluate/Draw

C: Circle the numbers.

U: Underline the question.

B: Box the key words.

E: Evaluate/draw.

S: Solve and check!

Number of storybooks Satish has = 18

Number of storybooks Satish gives to Manish = 10

Number of storybooks left with Satish = 18 – 10

Solve and Check!

Satish has 8 storybooks left. To check, we add 10 to 8 to get 18. So, our answer is correct.

Remember!

When we add the small number and the answer, we get the big number. Then our answer is correct.

Jiya had 51 flowers. Raju had 31 flowers. How many more flowers than Raju does Jiya have?

Mohan has 45 fruits with him. Minal has 21 fruits with her. How many fewer fruits than Mohan does Minal have?

A thatched house has a roof that is made from straws or reeds. In an Indian village there are 27 houses. Out of these 15 houses are thatched and the remaining are concrete. How many houses are concrete?

Create a word problem to subtract 11 from 28.

Setting: In pairs

• One child from each pair will use any four numbers, such as 5, 3, 6 or 8 to make an addition pyramid.

Addition pyramid; Start from the bottom and add the 2 numbers next to each other and write the answer on top.

Subtraction Pyramid: Start from the top and subtract the one number given below. Write the answer next to it.

• The pair which makes the correct pyramid will win.

Solve mentally and match with the correct answers.

the subtraction.

Solve the subtraction and check the answer.

Write down the addition and subtraction facts for the following numbers. a  9, 8 and 17 b  4, 3 and 7 c  5, 9 and 14

Plants need me! Who am I?

Ghungaroos are anklets that are worn by classical dancers in India. There are 46 bells in Sunita's ghungaroos, and 35 bells in Sarika's ghungaroos. Who has more bells in ghungaroos and how many more?

A 7-year-old child has 22 teeth, whereas an adult usually has 32 teeth. How many more teeth does an adult have than a child?

Meena buys a pencil for �8. She gives the shopkeeper a �50 note. How many notes of �20 and coins of �2 are returned to her?

Challenge

1

2

Robin takes away 13 from 54 and then again takes away 10. How many ones are there in the answer?

I am a 2-digit number. I am 10 more than the number that is 40 less than 80. What number am I?

Real-Life Maths

Father's Birthday

Jay is planning a small party for his father�s birthday. He bought some decorations and snacks. He had �99. The cost of ribbons is �43. Snacks are for �50.

1  How much money did he spend?

2  How much money is left with him after buying ribbons?

3 How much money is left with him after buying both the things?

4 Can Jay buy wrapping paper of �13 with the money left?

5 Do you celebrate birthdays of your family members? If yes, write 5 lines on it.

4 Multiplication

Understanding Multiplication

Raghu bought 5 bunches of balloons. Each bunch has 3 balloons in it. How many balloons are there altogether?

3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons

Using Repeated Addition

To find out how many balloons Raghu had in all, we will add 3 balloons 5 times.

When we add the same number over and over again, it is called repeated addition.

5 bunches of 3 balloons

Group 1

3 balloons + 3 balloons + 3 balloons + 3 balloons + 3 balloons = 15 balloons

Raghu bought 15 balloons in total.

Example 1: There are 3 plates with 2 biscuits on each. How many biscuits are there in total?

There are 6 biscuits in all.

Do It Yourself 4A

Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

1  How many leaves are there in total?

There are leaves in total.

2  How many cookies are there in all?

There are cookies in all.

3  Fill in the blanks.

4 A cow has 4 legs. How many legs do 2 cows have? Draw a picture to show repeated addition.

Making Equal Groups

Do you remember Raghu, who had 5 bunches of balloons? We can also say he has 5 groups of 3 balloons each. Let us help him find the total number of balloons.

Think and Tell

Group 1 Group 2

Group 3 Group 4

Group 5

3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons 3 balloons groups of balloons = balloons

Example 2: There are 3 groups of mangoes. Each group has 2 mangoes. How many mangoes are there in total?

Adding 2 mangoes 3 times

Group 1 2 mangoes

Group 2 2 mangoes

Group 3 2 mangoes groups of mangoes = mangoes 3 2 6

Will it be easy to find the total if there are unequal groups of things? 5 3 15 Circle the following in groups of 3. Write the total.

There are bicycles. Each bicycle has wheels. There are wheels in all.

b There are baskets. Each basket has fruits. There are fruits in all.

Draw pictures to show the given groups and repeated addition sentence.

There are 3 groups. 8 + 8 + 8 = 24 grapes

Match the following. One has been done for you.

b 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3

c 5 + 5 + 5

groups of 5

groups of 7 d 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2

Writing Multiplication Sentences

Hi, Riya. I got 5 bunches of 3 balloons yesterday.

groups of 3

Yes. How did you calculate so fast? Wow! You got 15 balloons? I used multiplication. Raghu Riya

Multiplication is a fast way of adding repeatedly. We use the ‘×’ sign for multiplication.

Here are the 5 bunches of balloons which Raghu bought.

5 groups of 3 balloons + + + +

Group 1 Group 2 Group 3

Group 4 Group 5

5 groups of balloons × 3 balloons in each group = 15 balloons

This can also be written as:

3 3 3 3 3 + + + + = 15 5 × = 3 15

Number of groups

Number of things in each group

This can be read as any one of the following:

5 groups of 3 are 15.

5 times 3 is 15.

Number of things in total

5 threes are 15.

Example 3: There are 3 ladybugs. Each ladybug has 4 spots on it. How many spots are there in total?

Did You Know?

4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4

5 groups of 4

5 × 4 = 20

There are 20 spots in total.

Error Alert!

Never put a different number of things in groups during multiplication.

Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician was the first to talk about multiplication.

Think and Tell

If there are 6 groups and each group has 5 stars, how many stars are there in total?

Do It Yourself 4C

Read the problem to fill in the blanks.

a There are 7 vases. Each vase has 3 roses. How many roses are there in total?

groups of = times × =

There are roses in total.

b There are 4 cakes. Each cake has 4 candles on it. How many candles are there in total?

groups of = times + + + _______

There are candles in total.

Match the following. 2

a  2 times 4

b  5 times 2

c  4 times 2

d  3 times 3

Math Lab

Flower Jewellery!

Creativity & Value Development

Setting: Group of 10

Things Needed: Paper flowers, string

Method:

1 Make 2 earrings using paper flowers, with 6 flowers in each. Make 5 armlets, with 8 flowers in each. Make 2 necklaces with 10 flowers in each.

2 Write a multiplication sentence for each piece of paper jewellery given above.

3 After writing the multiplication sentence, show the jewellery set to your teacher and discuss the answers.

4 You may also gift this beautiful jewellery set to a family member.

Chapter Checkup

Find the number of things in total.

+ + + = There are mangoes in all.

b + = There are books in all.

Identify the number of groups and things in each group in the pictures.

a groups of pieces of chalk in each group.

b groups of marbles in each group.

Count the groups. Count the number of things in each group. Circle the correct option.

a a  6 groups of 3

b  2 groups of 3

c  3 groups of 6 b a  2 groups of 4

b  3 groups of 2

c  4 groups of 2

Complete the table.

Write True or False.

a  2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 × 2

b  4 groups of 10 is 14

c  7 times 5 is 35

d  10 + 10 = 10 × 2

Tuk-tuk is another name for autorickshaws, which are common vehicles in India. A tuk-tuk has 3 wheels. How many wheels will 4 tuk-tuks have?

Kabaddi is a popular traditional sport in India. Each team has 7 players. How many players are playing in two teams?

Critical Thinking

1 Sana adds 6 to itself 6 times and gets 35. Rohan makes 6 groups of 6 and gets 36. Who is correct? Explain your answer.

2 On Diwali, we light lamps in the house. Rina placed 3 lamps near every pillar in the house. Shina placed 2 lamps near every corner. There are 5 pillars and 6 corners in the house. Who placed more lamps?

Environment Day

It�s World Environment Day! Jiya and her family are planting trees in the nearby park. Look at the picture to answer the questions.

1 Jiya plants 2 saplings of the neem tree in each row. If there are 5 rows, which of the following does not represent the number of saplings planted by Jiya?

a  5 × 2

c  5 groups of 2

b  2 + 2 + 2 + 2

d  10

2 Rahul has planted 2 rows of mango tree saplings. If each row has 4 saplings each, how many saplings did he plant?

a  4 + 4

c  14

3 Fill in the blanks.

b  4 × 3

d  20

a  4 saplings each in 2 rows = groups of

b  10 saplings each in 3 rows = groups of

4  Write 2 things that you want to do on World Environment Day.

5 Multiplication Tables 2, 5 and 10

Multiplication Tables

Meena and Tina go to an apple farm. The farmer puts apples in baskets. The farmer tells them that all baskets have an equal number of apples. Let us help them count the total number of apples.

Multiplication by 2

We learnt that repeated addition is called multiplication. When items are grouped and each group has the same number of items, multiplication can be used to find the total number of items.

For example, if the farmer has 2 baskets, with 1 apple each, we get:

Number of groups

Total number of items

sign of multiplication Number of items in each group

Each basket is a group, and the number of apples is the number of items in each group.

What if each group had 2 apples?

We would get 2 × 2 = 4.

This way of multiplying by 2 gives us the “Multiplication Table of 2”.

Let us read the multiplication table of 2 together: 2 × 1 = 2 2 ones are 2 2 × 2 = 4 2 twos are 4

2 × 3 = 6 2 threes are 6

2 × 4 = 8 2 fours are 8

2 × 5 = 10 2 fives are 10

2 × 6 = 12 2 sixes are 12

2 × 7 = 14 2 sevens are 14

2 × 8 = 16 2 eights are 16 2 × 9 = 18 2 nines are 18

2 × 10 = 20 2 tens are 20

Let us learn multiplication by counting steps.

Imagine you are playing a game where the steps are numbered. The rule is to jump two steps at a time.

Start at step 0. Each jump that you make is of 2 steps. So, you reach 2 on the first jump, then on the second jump you reach 4, on the third you reach 6 and so on. 2

This process of counting in 2s is multiplication by 2.

Chapter 5 • Multiplication Tables 2, 5 and 10

Example 1: How many groups of 2 cars are there?

Group 1

Group 2

There are 3 groups of 2 cars.

Do It Yourself 5A

Fill in the blanks.

Write the multiplication fact for the given pictures

Anju loves spending time with her grandparents. She is helping her grandmother serve idlis to the guests. She is counting idlis with the help of the number line. Fill in the blanks.

Draw a picture representing 2 groups with 5 apples in each group. What is the total number of apples in the picture?

Multiplication by 5

The next day, Tina went to the apple farm alone. She collected 5 apples. Can you help her count the number of apples? Here, we have 5 groups of 1 apple each.

5 × 1 = 5 apples

What if Tina had 5 baskets of 2 apples? She would have 5 × 2 = 10 apples. This is called multiplication by 5.

Let us learn how to read the multiplication table of 5.

5 × 1 = 5 5 ones are 5

5 × 2 = 10 5 twos are 10 5 × 3 = 15 5 threes are 15

5 × 4 = 20 5 fours are 20 5 × 5 = 25 5 fives are 25 5 × 6 = 30 5 sixes are 30

5 × 7 = 35 5 sevens are 35

5 × 8 = 40 5 eights are 40 5 × 9 = 45 5 nines are 45 5 × 10 = 50 5 tens are 50

Let us play the game of steps again. Now, the rule is that you jump five steps.

Start at step 0. Each jump that you make is of 5 steps. So, you reach 5 on the first jump, then on the second jump you reach 10, on the third you reach 15 and so on.

Example 2: Tom, the rabbit wants to reach the hole. How many times will he jump to reach the hole?

Tom will jump 6 times to reach the hole.

2

Do It Yourself 5B

Number of fingers 5

Write the multiplication fact.

Write the number of fingers for the given hands. Number of hands

Hole

Ahana is playing a game of skip counting with her friend. She jumps in steps of 5. Draw her jumps.

Draw a picture to show 5 groups with 6 grapes in each group. Write down the total number of grapes in the picture.

Multiplication by 10

Tina saw that the farmer had 10 small baskets. There was 1 apple in each basket.

Here, we have 10 baskets of 1 apple.

10 × 1 = 10 apples.

What if the farmer had 10 baskets with 2 apples in each?

He would have 10 × 2 = 20 apples.

This is called multiplication by 10.

Let us read the multiplication table of 10.

Remember!

A number, when multiplied by 10 always has a “0” at the end.

Let us play the game of steps once again. Now, the rule is that you jump ten steps.

You start at 0. Each jump that you make is of 10 steps. So, you reach 10 on the first jump, then on the second jump you reach 20, on the third you reach 30, and so on.

Example 3: There are 10 pencil boxes with 3 pencils in each pencil box. How many groups of pencils are there? Also, what is the total number of pencils.

10 groups of 6 crayons equal 60.

10 × 6 = 60

Write the multiplication fact.

jumps of 10 each means ×

Draw any object to show 10 groups of 3.

Rohan goes to kirtans with his grandparents. He plays the jhika (an Indian musical instrument) with jingles. If one jhika has 10 jingles, how many jingles will 10 jhikas have?

Multiplication Rules

Meena and Tina went to the farm one evening. They collected apples. Let us use multiplication to count them.

Multiplication by 1

They have 2 baskets, with 1 apple in each, so we get:

2 × 1 = 2

When a number is multiplied by 1, the answer is the number itself.

Each basket is a group, and the number of apples is the number of items in each group.

Multiplication by Zero

Meena and Tina also saw two empty baskets on the farm. It had no apples in it.

There are 2 groups of 0 apples.

2 × 0 = 0

When you multiply 0 by any number, the answer is always 0.

Doubles

Add the number twice or multiply by 2 to get the double of any number. Double means two times of a number.

What is the double of 5?

5 + 5 = 10 2 × 5 = 10

Order in Multiplication

Two numbers can be multiplied in any order. The product remains the same. 5 groups of 4 is the same as 4 groups of 5. Both will give the same answer.

5 × 4 = 4 × 5 = 20

Example 4: Fill in the blanks.

3 × 1 = 3

4 × 0 = 4 c  3 × 4 = 4 × 3 = 12

Double of 8 = 16

Triple means adding the number three times.

LED lamps save electricity. There are 10 lamp posts on a road. Each lamp post has 1 LED lamp. Total number of lamps = .

Diya wants to buy a chocolate for her house helper�s daughter. She saves 2 rupees every day for 10 days. How much money does Diya save in total?

Story Sums on Multiplication

Tina sees a big basket that can hold 8 apples. The farmer tells Tina that he has 10 such baskets. How many apples can 10 baskets hold?

What do we know?

The number of baskets the farmer has = 10.

The number of apples each basket can hold = 8.

What do we want to know?

How many apples can 10 baskets hold?

How do we find the answer?

The total number of apples that 10 baskets can hold = The number of baskets × The number of apples that each basket holds

Solve to find the answer.

10 × 8 = 80 apples

So, 10 baskets can hold 80 apples.

A bookstore has 10 shelves, and each shelf can hold 6 books. How many books are there in the bookstore?

Mishti Doi is a sweet from West Bengal. It is a yoghurt made from milk and jaggery. If Manan has 9 boxes of Mishti Doi, and each box contains 10 packets of Mishti Doi. How many Mishti Doi packets are there in all?

There are 6 oranges in a fruit basket. If there are 10 such fruit baskets, how many oranges are there in total?

Tom made 4 batches of cupcakes, and each batch had 10 cupcakes. How many cupcakes did Tom make in total?

2 × 10.

Setting: In groups of 4

Multiplication Bingo

Things Needed: Bingo cards on a 5 × 5 grid, with ‘BINGO’ written across the top and answers written to the caller�s problems in the remaining squares with some filler answers, caller list showing a list of multiplication problems, pencils.

Method:

1 A caller reads a multiplication problem aloud from the caller list.

2 Other students will solve the problem and cut the answer from the bingo cards.

3 Students who solve the problem and cut the whole line of their bingo card either horizontally, vertically or diagonally are the winners.

Chapter Checkup

Write True or False.

Show multiplication on a number line.

Fill in the blanks with the correct number. Each blank has the same number.

Fill in the boxes.

a  Double of 8

b  5 times 8

c  10 times 1

0 times 8

Complete the multiplication grid. One has been done for you.

Say the multiplication table of 2 and colour each number in it red. Say the multiplication table of 5 and colour each number in it green.

Dosa is a thin, crispy pancake made with urad dal and rice batter. If 7 dosas can be cooked on a single tawa, then how many can be cooked on 10 such tawas?

Rahul and his 4 friends are going on a trip. Below is the list of items he has decided to take on the trip. Calculate the total number of items he will be taking with him.

Critical Thinking

Solve the maze from left to right and from top to bottom to help the astronaut reach a space station.

I have made a tower of blocks. My tower is of 5 floors. Each floor has 4 blocks. I think I have used 20 blocks in all to make the tower. Am I right or wrong?

Birthday Celebration

Raina and Reyansh are twins. They plan to celebrate their birthday with kids in an orphanage. They made a goody bag to be shared with all. They included 2 lollipops, 1 book, 5 cookies, 1 toy and 4 pencils. There were 10 kids in the orphanage. Read the questions and answer them.

1  What things are included in the goody bag? Tick all the correct options.

a  toffees

b  lollipops

c  pencils

d  toy

2  How many lollipops do they need in total?

3 How many toys do they need in total?

4 If 5 × 10 = 50 then what is 10 × 5?

5 Have you ever celebrated your birthday differently? Share your ideas.

Model Test Paper - 1

Name of the Student: Time: 1 Hour

1 Colour the boxes with odd numbers in blue and those with even numbers in red� One has been done for you�

2 Look at the children� Fill in the blanks�

First Rohan Sumit Rahul Aarav Sara

A is standing fourth in the line�

B Aarav is standing in the line�

3 Show jumps on the number line to add� Write the answer�

4 There are 3 jars with 9 oranges in each jar� Fill in the blanks�

9 + 9 + 9 = 3 groups of = × =

5 Multiply and solve the puzzle�

6 Write the number for the given expanded form�

A 100 + 20 + 6 =

B 100 + 7 =

7 Count the tens and ones. Add to find the answer�

8 Draw beads to show 4 × 6�

9 Write the subtraction facts for the given addition facts�

Answers

Chapter 1

Do It Yourself 1A

1. a. 113, 114, 115 b. 156, 157, 159 c. 190, 192, 193

2. a. 111 b. 133 c. 150

3. a. 143 b. 161 c. 111

4. a. 30 b. 4 c. 100 d. 6 e. 50 f. 100

5. a. 138 b. 104 c. 192 6. two hundred six

Do It Yourself 1B

1. a. 122 b. 166. c. 102

2. a. 123 < 143 b. 133 < 193 c. 129 = 129

3. a. 122 b. 133 c. 198  4. a. 113 b. 101 c. 180

5. a. 109, 114, 123, 134, 154 b. 110, 112, 117, 118, 119  154, 134, 123, 114, 109 119, 118, 117, 112, 110 c. 73, 99, 100, 101, 111 d. 99, 100, 111, 119, 187 111, 101, 100, 99, 73  187, 119, 111, 100, 99

6. Dudhwa tiger reserve, Nagarhole tiger reserve, Bandipur tiger reserve, Corbett tiger reserve

Do It Yourself 1C

1.  2.

3. a. third b. mango c. second d. fourth

4.

Do It Yourself 1D

1. a. Odd b. Even

2.

Chapter 2

Do It Yourself 2A

1. a. 7 tens 6 ones = 76 b. 10 tens 1 one = 101

2. a. 33 b. 45 c. 39 d. 74 e. 93 f. 77

3. 4. a, d, f

Do It Yourself 2B

1. a. 40 b. 60 c. 70  2. a. 32 b. 66 c. 54

3. a. 70 b. 42 c. 50 d. 61  4. a. 30 b. 78

c. 40 d. 40 e. 75 f. 83

Do It Yourself 2C

1. a. 9 b. 12 c. 8  2. a. 6 b. 1 c. 54

3. a. 45 b. 58 c. 99  4. a. 79 b. 63 c. 73

Do It Yourself 2D

1. 61 candies  2. 68 murukkus

3. 97 roses  4. 89 balloons

5. Answers may vary. Sample answer

In a grocery store, there are 42 mangoes on one shelf and 39 mangoes on another shelf. How many mangoes are there in total?

Chapter Checkup

1. a. 10 b. 14 c. 12  2. a. 34 b. 20 c. 45

3. a. 29 b. 65 c. 60  4. a. 39 b. 70 c. 95

5. a. 65 b. 77 c. 76  6. 69 leaves

7. 98 fruits  8. 37 books

3. a. True b. True c. False

4. Drawing may vary. Sample drawings.  Even Odd

Chapter Checkup

1. a. 102, 104, 106, 107 b. 163, 164, 167, 168

2. a. 136 b. 161  3. a. 124 b. 197, 199 c. 136

4. a. 142 b. 195 c. 198 d. 176

5. a. 100 + 20 + 2 b. 100 + 30 + 4 c. 100 + 60 + 7 d. 100 + 70 + 6

6. a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd d. 4th e. 5th

7. Even- penguins, apples  Odd- balloons, sunflowers

8. Rajiv

Challenge 1. a. 179 b. 159  2. 3rd floor

Real Life Maths

1. d. Purple   2. b. 4th

3. a. orange b. 7th

4. a. True b. False

5. Answers may vary

Challenge 1. 22

2. False. For example: 15 + 11 + 17 = 43

Real-Life Maths

1. 2. c. 39   3. 44

4. Answers may vary. Sample answers. egg cartons and cardboard

Chapter 3

Do It Yourself 3A

1. a. 42 b. 46 c. 48 d. 54

2. a. 11 b. 24  c. 61 d. 56

3. a. 23 b. 31

4. a. 41 b. 31 c. 11 d. 81

5. a. 4 b. 2

Do It Yourself 3B

1. a. 19 b. 29

2. a. 9 + 6 = 15  b. 3 + 8 = 11

6 + 9 = 15 8 + 3 = 11

15 – 6 = 9 11 – 3 = 8

15 – 9 = 6 11 – 8 = 3

3. a. 18 b. 36 c. 26  4. a. 6, 3 b. 2, 8 c. 8, 2 d. 5, 3

5. Answers may vary.

Do It Yourself 3C

1. 20 flowers  2. 24 fruits  3. 12 concrete houses

4. Answers may vary.

Chapter Checkup

1. a. 22 b. 19 c. 30 d. 16  2. a. 32 b. 17 c. 10

3. a. 33, 33 + 12 = 45 b. 40, 40 + 30 = 70

4. a. 9 + 8 = 17, 8 + 9 = 17, 17 – 8 = 9, 17 – 9 = 8

b. 4 + 3 = 7, 3 + 4 = 7, 7 – 4 = 4, 7 – 3 = 4

c. 5 + 9 = 14, 9 + 5 = 14, 14 – 5 = 9, 14 – 9 = 5

5. SUNLIGHT  6. a. 5, 3 b. 9, 5 c. 8, 0 d. 7, 2

7. Sunita, 11 ghungaroos 8. 10 teeth

9. Answers may vary. Sample answer Two 20 rupee notes and one 2-rupee coin

Challenge 1. 1 ones  2. 50

Real-Life Maths

1. d  2. �56  3. �6  4. No  5. Answer may vary.

Chapter 4

Do It Yourself 4A

1. 2, 2, 2, 2, 8, 8  2. 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 5

3. a. 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 b. 4 + 4 = 8

4.  Cow 1 Cow 2 4 + 4 = 8 legs

Do It Yourself 4B

1. b  2. 3, 9  3. a. 3, 2, 6 b. 4, 3, 12

4.

5. a. 21, 3 groups of 7 b. 18, 6 groups of 3  c. 15, 3 groups of 5 d. 14, 7 groups of 2

Do It Yourself 4C

1. a. 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 21; 7, 3, 7, 3; 7, 3, 21; 21

b. 4, 4, 4, 4; 4, 4, 4, 4, 16; 4, 4, 16; 16

2. a. 8 bananas b. 10 flowers c. 8 balloons d. 9 candies

3. a. 8 b. 6 + 6 + 6, 3 groups of 6, 3 × 6 = 18

c. 3 + 3 = 6

Chapter Checkup

1. a. 8, 8, 8, 8, 32, 32 b. 5, 5, 10, 10

2. a. 4, 5 b. 3, 10  3. a. c b. c

4. Answers may vary. Sample answer:

a.

5. a. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3  4 times 3  4 × 3 = 12

b.  3 + 3  2 times 3  2 × 3 = 6

6. a. false b. false c. True d. True  7. 12 wheels

8. 14 players

Challenge 1. Rohan is correct because 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 36

2. Rina placed more lamps.

Real-life Maths

1. b  2. a. 4 + 4

3. a. 2 groups of 4 b. 3 groups of 10

4. Answers may vary. Sample answers: Plant trees, water the plants

Chapter 5

Do It Yourself 5A

1. a. 2 groups of 2, 2 × 2 = 4; b. 2 groups of 3; 2 × 3 = 6;

c. 2 groups of 5, 2 × 5 = 10  2. a. 2 × 4 = 8

b. 2 × 6 = 12  3. 6, 6 × 2 = 12

4. 10 apples

Do It Yourself 5B

1. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50

2. 5 × 3 = 15, 5 × 1 = 5, 5 × 2 = 10, 5 × 5 = 25

3.

4.    30 grapes

Do It Yourself 5C

1. a. 10 × 6 = 60 b. 10 × 4 = 40 c. 5 × 10 = 50

2. a. 5, 5 × 10 = 50 b. 7, 7 × 10 = 70

3. Students will draw any objects showing 10 groups with each group having 3 objects. So a total of 30 objects

4. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90

Do It Yourself 5D

1. a. 0 b. 2  2. a. 20 b. 4; 36

3. a. 8 b. 44 c. 30 d. 40

4. 10  5. 20 rupees

Do It Yourself 5E

1. 60 books  2. 90 mishti dois

3. 60 oranges  4. 40 cupcakes

5. Answers may vary. Sample answer

Lisa collected 2 jars of marbles, and each jar contained 10 marbles. How many marbles did Lisa collect in total?

Chapter Checkup

2. a.

3. a.

2. Yes, you are right as 5 × 4 = 20 Real-Life Maths

5. Answers may vary

7.

Our Body 1

Chapter Overview Our Body

Look at the picture. Name as many body parts as you can. Get Set

Outer Body Parts

The parts of our body that we can see and touch are called outer body parts. Some examples of outer body parts are our hands, legs and sense organs. Let us learn how these outer body parts help us.

Uses of Our Hands

Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin are the five sense organs.

We do many activities with our hands. For example, we can write, eat food and catch a ball.

We also use our hands to count, hold things and draw.

Uses of Our Legs

We do many activities with our legs. For example, we can jump, walk, kick a ball, and run.

Sense Organs

Let us learn about all the five sense organs.

Close your eyes. Be completely quiet for one minute. What sounds can you hear? Share with the class.

Our eyes help us see. Our nose helps us smell. Our ears help us hear.

Our tongue helps us taste. Our skin helps us feel.

Inner Body Parts

The parts of our body that are inside our body are called inner body parts. We cannot see them, but they work all the time to keep us alive.

Brain, lungs, heart and stomach are some of our inner body parts.

Let us now read about how these body parts work and what special work they do to keep us healthy and strong.

Uses of Our Brain

Our brain is inside our head. It helps us to think and remember things. The brain controls all the body parts.

Do and Learn alive: something that lives, grows, moves and breathes

The brain inside the head.

Brain

It sends messages to different parts of the body to tell them what to do like moving your arms and legs, blinking your eyes, or even feel happy or sad.

Uses of Our Heart

The heart is present inside the chest. It pumps blood to all the parts of the body so that they can get the nutrients to work properly.

Uses of Our Lungs

We have two lungs inside our chest. They are like two balloons inside our bodies. They help us breathe.

Uses of Our Stomach

Do you know where our food goes from the mouth? It goes into our stomach. It is located in our belly. It helps us break down the food we eat.

Name the body parts. Pause and Answer

blinking: opening and closing your eyes quickly nutrients: things in our food that give us energy belly: the soft front part of our body below our chest

Stomach Lungs

Healthy Body

Our body helps us do many activities every day. So, we must take good care of our body. In a healthy body, all the parts work properly. We must do the things shown below to stay healthy:

Bathe every day.

Cut our nails once a week.

Eat healthy food.

Pause and Answer

Wash our hands before and after a meal.

Exercise every day. Go to bed early at night and wake up early in the morning.

Put a cross () in the boxes for the unhealthy habits.

1. Eating an apple every day.

2. Playing in the park.

3. Bathing once a week.

4. Sleeping late at night.

Wonders of Bharat

Sudha Chandran is a famous dancer. When she was young, she lost one leg in an accident. But she still kept practising her dance and never gave up.

Word Splash

outer body parts: body parts that we can see inner body parts: body parts that we cannot see sense organs: body parts that help us make sense of the world around us lungs: the body parts inside our chest that help us breathe heart: the body part inside our chest that pumps blood brain: the body part inside our head that controls all other body parts stomach: the body part that helps break down the food we eat

Explore More!

Scan the QR code to learn more about inner body parts.

Points to Remember

• Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin are the five sense organs of the body.

• Our sense organs help us to see, hear, smell, taste and feel.

• Hands, legs and sense organs are the outer parts of our body.

• Our hands help us write, catch, eat, draw and hold things.

• Our legs help us to walk, stand, run, kick and jump.

• Brain, lungs, heart and stomach are the inner parts of our body.

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct picture.

A. They help us see.

B. They help us breathe.

C. It helps us break down the food we eat.

D. It helps us think.

2. Fill in the blanks.

nails hands skin nose

A. We write with our .

B. We smell with our .

C. We feel with our .

D. We should cut our once a week.

3. Write True or False.

A. Our eyes help us feel.

B. The tongue is an inner body part.

C. We can see and touch our lungs.

D. Our heart is in our chest.

4. Match the following.

A. Hand a. Pumping

B. Leg b. Breathing

C. Nose c. Holding

D. Lungs d. Kicking

E. Heart e. Smelling

5. Circle the odd one out.

A. Tongue Heart Nose Ears

B. Eyes Nose Hands Stomach

6. Answer the following questions.

A. What are outer body parts?

B. Name any three outer body parts.

C. Draw and colour any two sense organs.

D. Why is brain important?

E. Write one use of the following body parts:

a. Hands

b. Heart

c. Lungs

7. Picture-based questions.

A. What are the children doing?

B. Name any three body parts that they are using.

Challenge (HOTS)

1. Name an activity where you use your hands and legs.

2. Rita and her mother were sleeping. Suddenly, her mother said, “Someone is burning dry leaves outside”. Rita looked out and saw it was true. How did her mother know?

Life Skills

Help your parents make a healthy fruit salad.

• Take two apples and two bananas. Wash the fruits. You may add other fruits of your choice.

• Peel the apples and the bananas. Then cut them into bite-sized pieces with the help of your parents.

• Mix all the fruits in a large bowl.

• If you like, you may add some honey and lemon juice to the fruit salad.

• Gently toss the fruits together until they are well mixed.

• Serve the fruit salad in small bowls or cups to all your family members and enjoy!

2 My Family

Chapter Overview

My Family

Types of Families Name and Surname

Helping Each Other

Get Set

Look at the picture.

A. What do you see in the picture?

B. What are they doing?

We all live in families. We may live with our father, mother, brothers, sisters and grandparents. We all love our family.

A family is a group of people who live together. They are related to each other by birth or marriage. They love and care for each other.

grandparents: parents of our mother and father

In this chapter, let us learn more about family.

Types of Families

Families can be of different types. The members of a family share some relations. For example, our mother and father are our parents. Our brother and sister are our siblings.

Nuclear Family

In a nuclear family, only the parents and their children live together in one house.

Joint Family

A joint family has many family members. They live together in the same house. When grandparents, parents and children live together, it is a small joint family.

When many family members, such as grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles and cousins, all live together in the same house, it is a large joint family. The children of uncles and aunts are called cousins.

A nuclear family does not always have children. A family with just the husband and wife is also a nuclear family. Error Alert! Remember!

Uncle: brother of father or mother, or husband of your aunt

Aunt: sister of father or mother, or wife of your uncle

relations: connections between people

A nuclear family

A small joint family

A large joint family

Our grandparents’ parents are known as our great-grandparents. Did You Know?

Single-parent Family

Sometimes, children live with only one parent, that is, the father or the mother. Such a family is called a single-parent family.

Think and Tell

What type of family do you have? What do you like the most about your family?

Do and Learn

Talk to your friend. Fill in the details about the family members in the house.

Name of friend:

Number of parents:

Number of grandparents:

Number of siblings:

Name and Surname

Number of uncles:

Number of aunts:

Number of cousins:

Total family members:

The name by which our family and friends call us is our first name. The first name is given to us at the time of our birth.

The family name is called the surname. Members of a family share a common surname. Sometimes, the husband and the wife can have different surnames. Our full names have both the first name and the surname.

Think and Tell

What is your surname?

People with the same surname are NOT always from the same family. Error Alert!

Pause and Answer

Write True or False.

1. Our full name has a name and a surname.

2. In the name Ramesh Das, Das is the full name.

3. A joint family has only parents and children.

Helping Each Other

All the members of a family love each other. They help each other.

Our parents take care of us. They give us food and clothes. They send us to school. They look after us when we are sick.

Our parents go to work to earn money. They take care of the household work as well.

A mother takes care of her sick child.

Our siblings and cousins play with us. They also study with us.

Our grandparents tell us stories. They take us to the park or the market. They teach us good habits and manners.

We must obey and respect our family members. We should help our family members by doing small things. For example, we can:

• keep things in their proper place.

• help to keep the house neat and clean.

• put away our toys after playing with them.

household work: different kinds of work in the house like cooking, cleaning, washing, etc. obey: to do what you are told to do

A grandfather tells his grandson a story.

A boy is putting away his toys.

Wonders of Bharat

Indians believe in the Sanskrit proverb Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam. It means that the world is like one big family. So, we must always love and respect everyone.

Word Splash

family: a group of people who live together and are related by birth or marriage

nuclear family: parents and their children living together; sometimes only parents siblings: brothers and sisters

joint family: grandparents, parents and children living together; sometimes with uncles, aunts and cousins as well cousins: children of uncles and aunts

single-parent family: children living with only one parent surname: the family name

Explore More!

Scan the QR code to learn more about family.

Points to Remember

y Family members are related by birth or marriage.

y Families are of different types: nuclear family, joint family and single-parent family.

y Our full name has both first name and surname.

y All the members of a family love and care for each other.

Chapter Checkup

1. Look at the pictures. Tick ( ) the correct answer.

A. The type of family picture 1 shows.  Joint  Single-parent  Nuclear

B. The type of family picture 2 shows.  Joint  Nuclear  Single-parent

C. The type of family picture 3 shows.  Single-parent  Joint  Nuclear

2. Write True or False.

A. Your brother is your sibling.

B. Grandparents live in a nuclear family.

C. Family members are related by birth or marriage.

D. Your mother’s mother is your aunt.

3. Fill in the blanks. grandfather aunt cousins uncle grandmother

A. Mother’s father is .

B. Father’s brother is .

C. Aunt’s children are .

D. Uncle’s wife is .

E. Grandfather’s wife is .

Picture 1

Picture 2

Picture 3

4. Complete the following.

Kamal Sharma has two children: Riya and Sahil.

A. Riya’s full name is .

B. Sahil is Riya’s .

5. Answer the following questions.

A. Write one difference between a joint family and a nuclear family.

B. What is a surname? Ask people in your neighbourhood and write three surnames.

C. How do you feel when someone in your family falls sick? What can you do to help them?

D. Write two ways by which you can help your family members.

6. Picture-based questions.

A. How many members are there in this family?

B. What type of family is it?

Challenge (HOTS)

Charu lives in a hostel where she stays with other children. Can we call them a family? Write down why or why not.

Life Skills

Let us thank our family members today. Make a small card to say ‘thank you’ to one of your family members.

Dear , I want to thank you for . I .

Yours lovingly,

3 Keeping Safe

Chapter Overview

Keeping Safe

Safety on the Road

Safety at Home

Safety at School

First Aid Good Touch and Bad Touch

Tick ( ) the thing you should wear when you ride a bicycle. Get Set

Accidents can happen anywhere. We should always be careful. We can keep ourselves safe by following some safety rules. In this chapter, we will learn about these safety rules.

accident: something bad that happens by chance

Safety on the Road

Some safety rules that we can follow on the road are:

y Do not play on or near the road.

y Always walk on the footpath.

y Follow traffic signs and signals.

y Use the zebra crossing when crossing a road.

Red: Stop

Yellow: Slow down

Green: Go Remember!

y Always wear a helmet when riding a bicycle or a scooter.

y While getting on or off the school bus, always wait for your turn.

y Wait in a queue at the bus stop.

Cross the road at a zebra crossing. Wear a helmet while riding a bicycle. Wait in a queue at the bus stop.

Safety at Home

We must follow these safety rules at home:

y Do not play with matchsticks. You may burn yourself.

footpath: a path for people to walk on zebra crossing: a place on the road with black and white stripes where people can cross safely

y Do not touch electric wires or sockets with wet hands. You may get an electric shock.

y Do not jump on the furniture or run on the stairs. You may hurt yourself.

y Do not take any medicines without asking an elder.

y Do not keep your toys on the floor. Someone may trip on them and fall.

y Do not play with sharp things, such as blades, knives and scissors. You may cut yourself.

y Do not open the door to a stranger.

You can dial 112 in an emergency to call the police, the firefighters or the ambulance service. Did You Know?

Pause and Answer

Write Yes or No.

1. We should play with matchsticks.

2. We should play with sharp things.

An adult gives medicine to a child.

3. We should keep our toys in their proper place.

Safety at School

We must follow these safety rules to be safe at school:

y Do not jump on the desks and chairs in the classroom.

stranger: people whom we do not know

A girl keeping books on the shelf.

y Do not run in the corridors or on the stairs.

y Do not push or pull or fight with anyone.

y When going somewhere with your entire class, walk slowly and in a line.

y If you feel unwell or hurt, quickly ask a teacher for help.

y Wait for your turn on the slide or the swing.

First Aid

Reena fell and hurt her knee. Her mother helped her with first aid. What is first aid?

First aid is the immediate help given to an injured or a sick person before a doctor arrives. We must keep a first-aid box at home and school. A first-aid box has some of the following things:

First-aid box

Common First-Aid

Here are some common first-aid actions in the following cases: Wound: Wash it with clean water. Apply antiseptic lotion over it.

Minor Burn: Hold the burnt part under cool, running water.

corridors: long pathways that connect different rooms or areas inside a school

immediate: done quickly antiseptic: a lotion for cleaning wounds

Cotton Scissor Band-aid

Antiseptic lotion

Children standing in a line, without pushing anyone.

Pause and Answer

Circle the items that we keep in a first-aid box.

Cotton Spoon Scissors Knife Band-aid Antiseptic lotion Pencil Rubber

Good Touch and Bad Touch

Dheeraj loves his family. He hugs them or kisses them when he is happy. His parents and brother also hug and kiss him. Dheeraj feels happy, safe and comfortable when his friends hug him or shake hands with him. This is a good touch.

Do you also feel the same when your parents hug or kiss you? But all touches are not good. Sometimes, you may not like being touched. These touches could be bad. They make you feel bad, unhappy, scared or angry.

Examples of a bad touch are when:

y Someone touches your body parts and tells you not to tell anyone.

y Someone hits you.

y Someone pinches you. When someone gives you a bad touch, shout, “NO” or “STOP” and run away from there.

It is NOT only strangers that you should be safe from. Sometimes, people we know, like our neighbours or family friends, might do things that make us feel bad. Do not hide anything from your parents.

Always tell your parents if you feel a bad touch. You don’t need to hide it as you are not wrong.

Error Alert!

Dheeraj hugs his mother.

Wonders of Bharat

Kailash Satyarthi is known for helping children. He works very hard to make sure all children go to school and play, instead of working in factories or doing hard jobs.

Word Splash

safety rules: rules we follow to be protected from danger first aid: the immediate help given to an injured or a sick person before a doctor arrives

good touch: a touch that makes us feel happy, safe and comfortable bad touch: a touch that makes us feel bad, scared, unhappy or angry

Explore More!

Scan the QR code to learn more about your safety.

Points to Remember

y We should follow safety rules on the road, at home and at school to be safe.

y First aid is the immediate help given to an injured or a sick person before a doctor arrives.

y Some touches make us feel bad, unhappy, scared or angry. We should say ‘No’ in such cases and tell our parents about it.

Kailash Satyarthi

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct picture.

A. Which of these is dangerous?

B. Which of these is a safe action?

C. Which of the following is a part of a first-aid box?

2. Write True or False.

A. It is safe to get on a moving bus.

B. We may get hurt if we jump on the bed.

C. It is safe to play on the road.

D. Cotton is a part of a first-aid box.

3. Fill in the blanks.

A. Do not go anywhere with a .

B. Do not run on the .

C. A touch makes you happy.

4. It is important to know the phone numbers of some people in case you need them. Find out and write the phone numbers of these people.

y Your father

y Your mother

y The police

5. Answer the following questions.

A. Write any one safety rule we must follow on the road.

B. Why should you not touch electric sockets?

C. Reena fell and cut her knee. What first aid will you give her?

D. What should you do when you do not like someone’s touch?

6. Picture-based questions.

A. What do you see in the picture?

B. Is it a safe or unsafe action? Why?

Challenge (HOTS)

What should you do if a stranger on the road offers you sweets?

4 Food

Chapter Overview

Tick ( ) the items that we can eat. Get Set

Payal is a happy girl who likes to play. Today, she feels weak and she tells her mom about it. Mom says, “Have something to eat, Payal. You will feel good.” Payal eats rice idlis. After eating, she feels much better.

Payal eating rice idlis.

Importance of Food

Food is very important. We eat food because:

y It helps us to grow.

y We get energy to run, play and learn.

y It keeps us healthy.

y It protects us from many diseases.

Types of Food

Kids playing football.

We eat different types of food. Each type of food helps our body differently. Let us read about these different types of foods.

Energy-giving Food

Our body needs energy to run, play and study. Some foods give us lots of energy. They are called energy-giving foods. Things made from wheat, like chapati, paratha and bread, are energy-giving foods. Rice, potato and sugar also give us energy.

Body-building Food

Some foods help us to grow big and strong. These foods are called body-building foods. Eggs, fish, milk, meat, pulses, nuts, cheese and paneer are body-building foods.

protects: to keep somebody/something safe

Chapati made from wheat.

Omlette made from eggs.

Protective Food

Some foods help us fight diseases. These are called protective foods. Fruits and vegetables are protective foods.

We should eat all types of food. They keep us healthy.

Pause and Answer

Fruits

Sort these food items under the correct headings.

rice meat bread eggs carrot chapati

banana rice dosa spinach cheese tomato paneer

Energy-giving Foods

Body-building Foods Protective Foods

Balanced Meal

Avinash: Baba, I am hungry.

Father: The dinner is ready! I have made spinach and onion pulao today.

Avinash: But I do not want to eat spinach, Baba!

Father: You should eat everything, Avinash.

Avinash: Okay, Baba.

Avinash eats the spinach and onion pulao. He likes it.

We should eat all types of food. We should eat a balanced meal. A balanced meal has all three types of foods and in the right amount. They help us grow, stay healthy and have lots of energy to play and have fun.

A balanced meal of daal, chapati, vegetables and curd.

Write down all the things you eat today for meals and snacks. Share your list with the class tomorrow. Do and Learn

Healthy Eating Habits

We should follow healthy eating habits to stay fit. Some of these habits are:

y Wash your hands before and after eating.

y Eat all kinds of food. Do not be fussy.

y Do not eat junk food a lot.

y Do not overeat.

y Drink plenty of water.

y Chew your food properly.

y Do not talk while eating food.

y Do not waste food.

y Eat your food and snacks on time.

Wonders of Bharat

Say ‘No’ to junk food.

Mr Kaleemullah Khan is called the Mango Man of India. He has grown more than 300 types of mangoes on a single tree.

junk: food that is unhealthy chew: to crush food into smaller, softer pieces with our teeth

energy-giving foods: foods that give us energy

body-building foods: foods that help us grow big and strong

protective foods: foods that protect us from diseases

balanced meal: a meal that has all three types of foods: energy-giving, body-building and protective

Explore More!

Scan the QR code to know more about food.

Points to Remember

y Food helps us grow, gives us energy and keeps us healthy.

y Food can be divided into three types: energy-giving, body-building and protective foods.

y We should always eat a balanced and healthy meal.

y We should wash our hands before eating food.

y We should chew our food properly.

y We should not waste food.

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct answer.

A. Which of these is a junk food?

B. Which of these is a body-building food?

C. Which of these is a protective food?

2. Write True or False.

A. Food helps us to grow.

B. Rice is an energy-giving food.

C. Cheese is a protective food.

D. Fruits and vegetables protect us from diseases.

3. Fill in the blanks. junk balanced protective chicken

A. is a body-building food.

B. Fruits and vegetables are foods.

C. We should eat a meal.

D. We should not eat food.

4. Answer the following questions.

A. What are the three main types of food? Give two examples of each.

B. What is a balanced meal?

C. Why is food important for us? Write two reasons.

D. Write a food item that makes you feel really happy.

5. Picture-based questions.

A. Which food items do the pictures show?

B. Which food item is healthy?

Picture 1 Picture 2

Challenge (HOTS)

Rishi falls sick very often. What should he increase in his meals? Why?

Life Skills

Let us make a “Healthy Vegetable Sandwich”. Ask an adult for help.

Things needed: 2 slices of bread, half cucumber, 1 thinly sliced carrot, half a cup grated beetroot, slices of onion, butter

Steps:

• Wash the vegetables.

• Spread a thin layer of butter on one side of each slice of bread.

• Add all the vegetables on top of a bread slice. Place the other slice of bread on top of that to make the sandwich.

• Enjoy with a homemade chutney or dip.

Houses We Live In

Chapter Overview

Houses We Live In

Need for a House Types of Houses A Good House

Get Set

Hi friends! I am Anil!

This is my house. I live here with my family. There are many rooms in my house. It has a lovely garden. I love my house. What about you? What do you like about your house?

All of us need a house. In this chapter, let us learn more about houses.

Anil’s house

Need for a House

We live in a house with our family. We call it our home. We need a house because:

• A house keeps us safe from rain, heat, cold and wind.

• A house protects us from dangers such as animals and strangers.

• A house provides comfort.

• A house is a place where we keep our toys, clothes, food and other things.

A house

Remember!

People live in different types of houses. Let us read about them in this chapter.

Types of Houses

Let us read about some of the temporary houses. Hut Kanchan lives in a village. She lives in a kutcha house. It is made from mud, straw, leaves, stones and bamboo. The walls are made of mud and straw. This keeps the house cool. The roof is made with dry leaves and straw. It is easy to build and does not cost much.

A house has different parts. It has a roof, walls, doors and windows.

A hut in a village

strangers: people you do not know straw: dried stems of plants like wheat or rice

Such houses are found in villages. They are called kutcha houses because they can get damaged in a storm or earthquake. Such houses are temporary houses.

Igloo

An igloo is a house made of blocks of snow. People in very cold places build igloos to stay warm and cosy inside when it is very cold outside.

Tent

Houseboat

Some houses are built on boats. These are called houseboats. You can find them floating on the beautiful lakes in Kashmir and Kerala.

People usually use a tent for camping. A tent is a house made of cloth. It can be set up anywhere. It can be packed easily and used by people who move from one place to another.

Think and Tell

A caravan is a large vehicle that is used as a house. It is also called ‘a house on wheels’. We can drive it from one place to another.

earthquake: sudden shaking of the ground temporary: lasting for a short time floating: to stay on the surface of the water

Caravan

An igloo

A houseboat

A tent

A caravan

Let us read about the permanent houses.

Aryan lives in a city. He lives in a pucca house. It is made of iron, steel, bricks, cement, wood and stone. It is a strong house. A lot of money was used to build it. Pucca houses can be seen in cities, towns and villages. Pucca houses are of different types.

Bungalow

A bungalow is a big house. There are many rooms in it. Some bungalows have a garden. They can be single-storeyed or multi-storeyed.

Multi-storey apartments

Pause and Answer

Apartment

Apartments or flats are houses built one over the other. They take up less space. They are found in cities or towns. They are multi-storeyed buildings. They often have lifts to take people from one floor to the other.

Ravi wants to make a pucca house. Circle any three materials he will need to build it.

A Good House

We must keep our house clean. We can do the following to keep our house in good shape:

• Clean it everyday.

• Have green plants around the house.

• Keep the surroundings and neighbourhood clean.

multi-storeyed: a building with many floors

A good house

A bungalow

• Let in sunlight and fresh air.

• Cover the drains of the kitchen and bathroom so that insects do not enter.

• Use dustbins to throw the house waste.

Wonders of Bharat

The Rashtrapati Bhavan is the official residence (house) of the President of India. It has 340 rooms!

kutcha house: a house made from mud, straw, leaves and bamboo

pucca house: a house made of iron, steel, bricks, cement, wood and stone Word Splash

Explore More!

Scan the QR code to know more about the different types of houses.

Points to Remember

• A house keeps us safe and gives us comfort.

• Based on the materials used, houses are of two types—kutcha and pucca.

• Kutcha houses are made of mud, straw, bamboo and leaves.

• Pucca houses are made of iron, steel, bricks and cement.

• There are many types of houses—igloos, tents, huts, apartments, bungalows and houseboats.

• A good house must be clean and have proper sunlight and fresh air.

drain: a pipe or hole in the ground that dirty water goes down

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct picture.

A. Which of these is made of mud?

B. Which house is made of snow?

C. Which house is made of cloth?

D. Which house floats on water?

2. Fill in the blanks.

apartments caravan tent dangers

A. A house protects us from .

B. A house on wheels is called a .

C. are houses built over one another.

D. A is a house made of cloth.

3. Write True or False.

A. A house can be big or small.

B. A house has doors and windows.

C. A pucca house is not strong.

D. An igloo is found in lakes and rivers.

4. Match the following.

A. Tent

B. Houseboat

C. Hut

a. Made of mud

b. House on wheels

c. Made of cloth

D. Caravan d. House on a boat

5. Unjumble the letters and write the names of the houses.

A. OHOUBSATE

B. IOGLO

6. Answer the following questions.

A. Name the type of house you live in.

B. Write one difference between a tent and a bungalow.

C. Draw a kutcha house and colour it.

D. Write one reason why we need a house.

E. How can we take care of our house? Write any two points.

7. Picture-based questions.

Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

A. Write one difference between the two rooms.

B. Which room do you like and why?

Picture 1

Picture 2

Challenge (HOTS)

Nitin’s family is going to the jungle on a holiday. They will stay there for two nights. Which type of house can they use to be safe? Give one reason for your answer.

Life Skills

SDG We should keep our house neat and clean. If there is too much clutter in your house, you can donate some things. With the help of elders at home, pack five things you can donate, in a box. Give them to someone who needs them.

6 Clothes

6 Clothes

Chapter Overview

Need for Clothes

Types of Cloth Materials

Clothes Sources of Cloth Materials Care for Clothes

Get Set

Read the poem aloud.

Sliponyoursocks, Buttonyourshirt, Put on your pants, Tuckinyourshirt. Jackets for cold, Hats for the sun, Dressedfortheday, Now let us have some fun!

Need for Clothes

Let us find out why are clothes important.

• Clothes cover our bodies and help us feel comfortable.

• Clothes protect us from different things such as the heat of the sun, the cold, the rain and insects.

• Clothes keep dust and dirt away from our skin.

Early humans used leaves and animal skins to cover their bodies. Did You Know?

• Clothes help us look smart. We should always wear neat and ironed clothes.

When it is hot, light cotton clothes like T-shirts, frocks and shorts help us stay cool.

Pause and Answer

When it is cold, woollen clothes like caps, scarves, jackets and thermals keep us warm.

We wear nice clothes on special occasions.

Write True or False.

1. Clothes help us look smart.

2. A cap protects us from the sun.

3. We should wear T-shirts and shorts in cold weather.

comfortable: that makes you feel relaxed thermals: clothes that give us extra warmth

Types of Cloth Materials

We wear different types of clothes in different seasons. Different kinds of clothes are made from different materials. Let us learn about these different materials.

Cotton

We wear cotton clothes on hot summer days. Cotton clothes are light and comfortable. They soak up sweat easily and help keep us cool.

Many clothes that we wear are made from cotton. Do you know where cotton comes from? We get cotton from plants. Let us understand the journey of cotton from the field to your house.

Step 1: Farmers pick and collect the cotton from the cotton plants. This cotton is cleaned to remove dirt and seeds.

Step 2: Clean cotton is then spun into long threads, called cotton yarn.

Journey of cotton from the field to us.

Step 5: Dyed fabric is cut and sewn into clothes like T-shirts, pants and dresses.

Step 3: The yarn is then woven together on a loom to make cloth.

Step 4: Once the cloth is ready, it can be dyed in different colours to make it look bright and beautiful.

sweat: salty drops of water that come out of the skin when we exercise or feel hot

Do and Learn

Cotton Plant Craft

Things needed: Cotton balls, green paper, brown paper, glue, scissors

Steps:

• Cut out the shape of a cotton plant from brown paper.

• Glue cotton balls onto the plant to show cotton bolls.

• Your cotton plant is ready!

Note: Ask an elder to cut out the shape for you.

Wool

You must have seen your mother or grandmother making a sweater. A sweater is made from wool. In winter, we wear woollen sweaters, scarves and caps. They keep us warm.

But where does this wool come from? We get wool from the hair of sheep. Let us see how this wool is transformed into woollen clothes.

Step 1: The farmer carefully uses shears to cut the wool off the sheep’s body.

Silk

Step 2: The wool we get from the sheep is spun into a yarn. The yarn is wound to a ball.

Step 3: The yarn is then knitted to make woollen clothes.

We like to wear silk clothes on special days like birthdays or festivals. We get silk from an insect called silkworm. Let us learn how we get silk from silkworms.

knitted: to make clothes with yarn with knitting needles

Step 1: It all starts with silkworms.

Step 4: The silk threads are woven together to make beautiful silk clothes, like sarees or shirts.

Sources of Cloth Materials

Step 2: Silkworms spin silk threads around themselves to make a cosy cocoon.

Step 3: People carefully collect these cocoons to take out the silk threads.

Fibres are tiny threads that we use to make cloth. The clothes we wear can be made from natural fibres or human-made fibres.

Natural Fibres

Natural Fibres are fibres we get from plants and animals. Some examples are cotton, wool and silk.

Human-made Fibres

Human-made fibres are made by people in factories. For example, nylon and polyester. These are made from a special type of plastic. They do not wrinkle easily and dry quickly after washing.

wrinkle: a small fold or crease that makes the fabric look uneven and rough

Think and Tell

Can you think of anything that is made from nylon or polyester?

Care for Clothes

We should take care of our clothes. We should wash them after wearing. Once they are dry, we should iron them. We should fold our clothes neatly and keep them in a clean, covered place.

A man ironing his shirt.

Wonders of Bharat

Think and Tell

When your parents wash clothes, how can you help them?

India was one of the earliest places where cotton was grown to make clothes.

Word Splash

materials: items used to make things fibres: tiny threads that we use to make cloth natural fibres: fibres we get from plants and animals human-made fibres: fibres made by people in factories

Explore More!

Points to Remember

• Clothes cover us and protect our bodies.

• Cotton, wool and silk are examples of different cloth materials.

• We get natural fibres like cotton from plants and silk or wool from animals.

• Some fibres are human-made. For example, nylon and polyester.

• We should take of our clothes.

Chapter Checkup

1. Tick ( ) the correct answer.

A. We wear cotton clothes in this season. monsoon summer winter

B. We get silk from this animal. cockroach silkworm earthworm

C. We get wool from: deer plants sheep

D. It is a human-made fibre. cotton nylon wool

2. Fill in the blanks.

hair cover fibres cotton

A. Clothes our bodies.

B. clothes keep us cool.

C. We get wool from the of sheep.

D. People make different clothes from different .

3. Write True or False.

A. We should wear the same clothes every day.

B. Woollen clothes keep us cool.

C. Some fibres are made by people.

D. Polyester is a natural fibre.

4. Match the following.

A. Cotton

B. Wool

C. Silk

D. Nylon

5. Answer the following questions.

A. Why do we wear clothes?

a. Plastic

b. Silkworm

c. Plant

d. Sheep

B. Ankita is going to Ooty. It is very cold there. What types of clothes she should pack?

C. Draw your favourite piece of cloth and colour it.

D. Write two things you can do to take care of your clothes.

6. Picture-based questions.

A. Which insect is shown in the picture?

B. What does it give us?

Challenge (HOTS)

In your opinion, which fibres are better—natural or human-made? Give one reason for your answer.

PROJECT 1

My Family Tree

Objective: To create a family tree

Things Needed: Chart paper, markers, glue or tape, scissors and pictures of your family members

(Tip: Use scissors only with the help of an adult.)

Step 1: Draw Your Tree

On the chart, draw a big tree with branches. This will be your family tree!

Step 2: Add Family Members

Find pictures of your family members. You can use photographs or draw pictures of them. Cut them out and paste them onto the branches of your tree using glue or tape.

Step 3: Label Each Person

Write your relationship with each family member next to their picture. (e.g. mother, father).

Step 4: Decorate

Use your markers and colours to decorate the tree with leaves, flowers or anything that makes it special.

Project Output: Now you have your own family tree! Present it to your class.

Final Outcome: This fun project will help you learn more about your family and relationships.

To be read aloud and explained in the mother tongue by the teacher, as needed.

Assessment 1

Read the story. Look at the picture. Answer the questions below.

Maya Aunty runs a small tailoring shop. She has a daughter, named Leena. Leena lives in a small house with her mother. Leena loves spending time at her mother’s shop after school. She helps her mother by keeping all the threads in their boxes and folding clothes. Together, they make beautiful silk dresses, woollen sweaters and cotton shirts.

1. Which of these shops does Maya Aunty have?

A. Bakery

B. Toys

C. Tailoring

2. Which type of family does Leena have?

A. Joint family

B. Nuclear family

C. Single parent family

3. How does Leena help her mother?

4. Leena is going for a picnic with her mother in summers. What kind of clothes should they wear?

To be read aloud and explained in the mother tongue by the teacher, as needed.

Model Test Paper - 1

Name of the Student: Time: 1 Hour

1 Tick () the correct picture.

A Which of these body parts helps us think?

B Which of these things is found in a first-aid box?

C Which house floats on water?

2 Fill in the blanks.

A clothes keep us cool.

B Fruits and vegetables are foods.

C Your aunt’s children are your .

3 Match the following.

A Caravan i Energy-giving food

B Heart ii House on wheels

C Rice iii Pumping

4 Write True or False.

A Polyester is a natural fibre.

B Cotton is found in a first-aid box.

C Family members are related by birth or marriage.

5 Answer the following questions.

A Write two differences between a tent and a bungalow.

B Write two ways by which you can help your family members.

C What is a balanced meal?

6 Picture-based questions.

A Which insect is shown in the picture?

B What does it give us?

Computers 1

A computer is like a magic box that can do lots of things for us! Let us learn more about it.

Uses of a Computer

We can:

play games learn new things on the internet talk to family and friends watch videos and listen to music

Parts of a Computer

Types of Computers

Usually placed on a desk or a table

be folded and carried around

Almost the size of a notebook

Is also a type of computer

Use computers to learn new things. Do not sit in front of the screen for too long because that can damage your eyes.

Practice Time

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

1 Match the pictures and the parts of the computer they show.

2 Read the clues to solve the crossword.

ACROSS

1. I help you point and click.

2. I am where you see words and pictures.

DOWN

1. I am a computer that fits in your lap.

2. I am a part of a computer. You hear songs on me.

3. I am a computer. Use me, but do not swallow me!

National Symbols

Each country has some symbols to represent them. These are called national symbols. Let us learn about the national symbols of our country, India!

The National Flag of India (Tiranga) has three colours: saffron, white and green. It has a blue wheel (Ashoka Chakra) in the middle.

The State Emblem of India shows four lions standing back to back. It is a symbol of power, bravery and pride.

The National Bird of India is the Indian peacock. It is a bird with long and colourful feathers.

The National Flower of India is the lotus. It is a pink flower that grows in water.

The National Anthem of India is Jana-ganamana. It was written by Rabindranath Tagore.

The National Animal of India is the Royal Bengal Tiger. It has yellow fur with black stripes.

The National Song of India is Vande Mataram. It was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.

We should respect our national symbols. We should not hunt or kill birds and animals.

Practice Time

1 Fill in the blanks.

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

Vande Mataram anthem Royal Bengal Tiger saffron

a The colours of our national flag are , white and green.

b Rabindranath Tagore was the writer of the national .

c Bankim Chandra Chatterji wrote the song .

d The is the national animal of India.

2 Complete this crossword with the help of the hints given.

ACROSS

1. Another name for the Indian national flag.

2. I am the national flower of India.

DOWN

1. I am the national animal of India.

2. I am the national bird of India.

Water Sports

Water sports are fun activities. We can enjoy them in swimming pools, lakes, rivers or seas. Let us learn about some water sports.

Swimming is a way to move in water by using our arms and legs. We use a swimsuit, a cap and goggles when we swim.

Rafting is to row a flat boat, called a raft, in water that is not deep. It is mostly done in a river.

Surfing is to ride on a sea wave by standing on a surfboard.

Scuba diving is to dive deeper into the sea. A tank of air and a mask are used to breathe underwater.

Kayaking is to row a narrow boat called a kayak. We use a double-sided paddle.

Snorkelling is to swim underwater but not very deep. A tube called a snorkel, is used to breathe underwater.

We should only do water sports when an adult is nearby. We should not make the water dirty while doing water sports.

176

Practice Time

1 Match the pictures and their names.

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

a Surfing

Snorkelling c Rafting

2 Read the clues and complete the crossword.

ACROSS

1. We move in a raft in water that is not so deep.

2. We move in pool water using our arms and legs.

DOWN

1. We use a narrow boat called a kayak.

2. We ride on a wave in the sea.

Our Safety 4

Staying safe is important. We can keep a few things in mind to stay safe inside and outside our homes.

Safety at Home

Do not play with fire inside or outside.

Do not play with sharp objects like scissors and knives.

Do not play with electric plugs and switchboards.

Safety Outside Home

Do not play near or on the road.

Always use a zebra crossing to cross the road.

Look to your left and right before crossing the road.

Do not touch hot vessels. Be careful near a gas stove.

Cross the road when the signal is red for the vehicles.

Safety rules teach us how to avoid getting hurt.

Discuss the safety rules that we should follow in school.

Practice Time

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

1 Look at the pictures. Put a cross ( ) below the actions that are NOT safe.

2 Fill in the blanks using words from the box. sharp zebra crossing hot vessels left

a Be careful near .

b Cross the road only at a .

c Look and then right before crossing the road.

d Do not play with objects.

Unique Birds and Animals

All animals are different. Some animals have special features that make them different. Let us learn about them.

The cheetah is the fastest animal.

The giraffe is the tallest animal.

The African elephant is the largest animal that lives on land.

The ostrich is the largest bird. It cannot fly but it can run very fast.

The hummingbird is the smallest bird. It can fly backwards too!

The blue whale is the largest animal on Earth. It is even larger than an elephant!

We should always be kind to animals. Name two other animals or birds that have special features. You may ask for your parents to help you look on the internet.

Practice Time

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

1 Match the animals with their unique features.

a Giraffe largest land animal

b Cheetah smallest bird

c Hummingbird fastest animal

d African Elephant tallest animal

2 Fill in the blanks. blue whale ostrich backwards

a Hummingbird can fly .

b The is the largest animal on Earth.

c The is a bird that cannot fly.

3 Join the dots and colour the animal.

India at the Olympics, 2024

The Olympics are the biggest sports event. People from more than 200 countries participate in them. They are held after every four years. The 2024 Olympics were held in Paris. India won six medals—1 Silver and 5 Bronze.

Neeraj Chopra won a silver medal in javelin throw.

Manu Bhaker and Sarbjot Singh won a bronze medal in shooting.

Swapnil Kusale won a bronze medal in shooting.

The Indian Hockey Team won a bronze medal.

Manu Bhaker won a bronze medal in shooting.

Aman Sehrawat won a bronze medal in wrestling.

The Olympics teaches us the importance of working together and working hard, whether we win or lose.

Practice Time

1 Tick ( ) the correct options.

Scan this QR code to see the quiz.

a Where were the 2024 Olympics held?

i Delhi ii Paris

b Every how many years is the Olympics held?

i 4 years ii 2 years

c How many medals did India win in the 2024 Olympics?

i 6 medals ii 5 medals

d Which medal did Neeraj Chopra win in the 2024 Olympics?

i bronze ii silver

e Which medal did the Indian hockey team win?

i bronze ii silver

2 Look at the pictures. Name the sport these players play. Shooting Javelin Throw Wrestling Shooting

1. Computers

2. Across: 1. MOUSE  2. MONITOR

Down: 1. LAPTOP  2. SPEAKER  3. TABLET

2. National Symbols

1. a. saffron  b. anthem  c. Vande Mataram

d. Royal Bengal Tiger

2. Across: 1. TIRANGA  2. LOTUS

Down: 1. TIGER  2. PEACOCK

3. Water Sports

1. a. Snorkelling b. Rafting  c. Surfing

2. Across: 1. RAFTING  2. SWIMMING

Down: 1. KAYAKING  2. SURFING

4. Our Safety

1. a.

2. a. hot vessels

b. zebra crossing

c. left

d. sharp

5. Unique Birds and Animals

1. a. tallest animal  b. fastest animal

c. smallest bird   d. largest land animal

2. a. backwards   b. blue whale  c. ostrich

6. India at the Olympics, 2024

1. a. (ii) Paris  b. (i) 4 years  c. (i) 6 medals

2.

d. (ii) silver  e. (i) bronze

Shooting

Javelin Throw

Shooting

Wrestling

About the Book

Introducing INSIGHTS, a 21st-century product for the learners of grades 1 and 2. It includes all curricular areas—English, Mathematics, Environmental Science and General Knowledge. INSIGHTS is aligned with the NEP 2020 in terms of its design principles, and fulfils all recommendations of the NCF 2022.

Key Features

Product Package

• Semester Books

• Uolo App

• Teacher Guide

• Focus on HOTS and Critical Thinking: Intellectually stimulating questions designed to encourage deep, analytical, critical and evaluative thought processes

• Digital Aids: Animated talking books, interactive quizzes for additional practice and curated learning videos

• Experiential and Applicative Learning: Projects and activities designed for real-life settings, like lab activities and community projects, to enable the development and practice of life skills

• Rootedness to India: Examples from India’s unique culture and history, linked to each topic, to inculcate a sense of pride and love for the nation

• Model Assessments: Test papers designed to evaluate the understanding of core concepts and the application of skills

About Uolo

Uolo partners with K-12 schools to provide technology-enabled learning programs. We believe that pedagogy and technology must come together to deliver scalable learning experiences that generate measurable outcomes. Uolo is trusted by over 15,000+ schools across India, Southeast Asia and the Middle East.

ISBN 978-81-981053-1-8