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9

Genel Bilgiler-2 No

ร lke

รธUDQ

.DWDU

.XYH\W

/ย EQDQ

6XUL\H

Yรผzรถlรงรผmรผ (Km2)

Nรผfus (20102011)

PLO\RQ

Kiล i Baล ฤฑna Gayrisafi Milli Gelir ($)

ฤฐnsani Geliล me Endeksi (HDI) (UNDP-2010)

Siyasal Sistem

+',

ย ONH DUDVร QGD ยถLQFL ยณYรผksek ฤฐnsani Geliล meยด JUXEXQGDNL ย ONHOHU DUDVร QGD Vร UDODQร \RU

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+',

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+',

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+',

$UDS *HOLรบPH 5DSRUX 81'3 LoHULVLQGH ยณรผst-orta gelir grubundaki รผlkeยด RODUDN Vร UDODQร \RU

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+',

ย ONH DUDVร QGD ยถLQFL ยณOrta Derecede ฤฐnsani Geliล meยด JUXEXQGD \HU DOร \RU

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PLO\RQ

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PLO\RQ

10

Genel Bilgiler-3 No

Ülke

6XXGL $UDELVWDQ

7 UNL\H

8PPDQ

hUG Q

<HPHQ

Yüzölçümü (Km2)

Nüfus (20102011)

PLO\RQ

PLO\RQ

PLO\RQ

PLO\RQ

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Kişi Başına Gayrisafi Milli Gelir ($)

İnsani Gelişme Endeksi (HDI) (UNDP-2010)

Siyasal Sistem

+',

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+',

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+',

$UDS *HOLúPH 5DSRUX 81'3

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+',

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11

Yerel YĂśnetimlerle Ä°lgili Temel Mevzuat

13

Yerel Yönetim Mevzuatı-1 Ülke

Anayasa ve Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Maddeler

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Temel Yasalar

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Diğer Mevzuat

$IJDQLVWDQ

$IJDQLVWDQ¶ÕQ \HQL $QD\DVDVÕ LVWLúDUL ELU V UHoOH KD]ÕUODQDUDN \ÕOÕQGD NDEXO HGLOPLúWLU $QD\DVD¶GD \HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL WHPHO K N POHU 84’üncü Madde ve 137-140’ıncı Maddeler NDSVDPÕQGD JHWLULOPLú EXOXQPDNWDGÕU

%HOHGL\HOHU

\ÕOÕQGD 7DOLEDQ \|QHWLPLQFH oÕNDUÕODQ YH WDULKOL \DVDQÕQ \HULQH JHoHQ %HOHGL\H .DQXQX¶QD J|UH \|QHWLOPHNWHGLU <HQL \DVD KD]ÕUOÕNODUÕ V UPHNOH ELUOLNWH WDULKOL \DVDQÕQ K N POHUL EHOLUOH\LFL ROPD\Õ V UG UPHNWHGLU

\ÕOÕQGD \DSÕODQ \DVDO G ]HQOHPHOHUOH %D÷ÕPVÕ] <HUHO <|QHWLúLP 0 G UO ÷ ROXúWXUXOPXúWXU %X 0 G UO N øO YH LOoHOHUGHNL 9DOL YH .D\PDNDPODU LOH øO 0HFOLVOHUL YH %HOHGL\HOHULQ J|]HWLPLQGHQ VRUXPOXGXU

%DKUH\Q

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<HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL ELU EDúND |QHPOL \DVD \ÕOÕQGD oÕNDUÕODQ 9DOLOLNOHULQ ' ]HQOHQPHVL +DNNÕQGD .DQXQ¶GXU WDULKOL D\QÕ DGÕ WDúÕ\DQ \DVDQÕQ \HULQL DODQ EX \HQL \DVD LOH ONHGHNL LOOHULQ WHúNLODWODQPDVÕ \HQLGHQ G ]HQOHQPLúWLU

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No

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15

Yerel Yönetim Mevzuatı-2 No

Ülke

Anayasa ve Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Maddeler

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Temel Yasalar

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Diğer Mevzuat

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\ÕOÕQGD oÕNDUÕODQ DVÕUOÕN %HOHGL\H .DQXQX EHOHGL\H\L EDúOÕFD \HUHO \|QHWLP ELULPL RODUDN WHVFLO HWPLúWLU %X NDQXQ $QD\DVDO 'HYULP VRQUDVÕQGD oÕNDUÕODQ LON \DVD QLWHOL÷LQL WDúÕPDNWDGÕU

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.DWDU

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.XYH\W

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.XYH\W %HOHGL\HVL µQLQ J|UHY YH \HWNLOHULQH LOLúNLQ WHPHO oHUoHYH WDULKOL YH VD\ÕOÕ %HOHGL\H 0HFOLVL .DQXQX LOH JHWLULOPLú EXOXQPDNWDGÕU

WDULKOL YH VD\ÕOÕ \DVD 8OXVDO 0HFOLV \HOHULQLQ VHoLPLQL WDULKOL YH VD\ÕOÕ *HQHOJH GH %HOHGL\H 0HFOLVL \HOHULQLQ VHoLPLQL G ]HQOHPHNWHGLU

/ EQDQ

/ EQDQ $QD\DVDVÕ 0D\ÕV WDULKLQGH NDEXO HGLOPLúWLU $QD\DVD¶GD VRQ RODUDN $÷XVWRV LoHULVLQGH ELUWDNÕP GH÷LúLNOLNOHU \DSÕOPÕúWÕU $QD\DVD¶GD \HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL |]HO K N POHU EXOXQPDPDNWDGÕU

/ EQDQ¶GDNL \HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL WHPHO \DVD +D]LUDQ \ÕOÕQGD oÕNDUÕODQ 6D\ÕOÕ %HOHGL\H .DQXQX¶GXU WDULKOL YH 6D\ÕOÕ %HOHGL\H .DQXQX¶QXQ \HULQL DODQ EX NDQXQ \HUHO VHoLPOHUH LOLúNLQ K N POHU GH LoHUPHNWHGLU

<HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL GL÷HU \DVDODU DUDVÕQGD |]HOOLNOH \HUHO JHOLUOHU DoÕVÕQGDQ / EQDQ¶GDNL EHOHGL\HOHULQ WDEL ROGX÷X \ÕOÕQGD oÕNDUÕODQ 6D\ÕOÕ .DPX 0DOL\HVL .DQXQX¶QXQ |]HO ELU |QHPL EXOXQPDNWDGÕU

6XUL\H

6XUL\H $QD\DVDVÕ 0DUW WDULKLQGH NDEXO HGLOHUHN \ U UO ÷H JLUPLúWLU $QD\DVD¶GD \HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL WHPHO K N POHU ³<HUHO +DON 0HFOLVOHUL´ EDúOÕNOÕ %|O P NDSVDPÕQGD 129 ve 130’uncu Maddeler DOWÕQGD JHWLULOPHNWHGLU

<HUHO \|QHWLPOHUOH LOJLOL WHPHO \DVDODU DUDVÕQGD <HUHO <|QHWLPOHU .DQXQX 1R

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16

Yerel Yönetim Mevzuatı-3 No

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Anayasa ve Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Maddeler

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Temel Yasalar

Yerel Yönetimlerle İlgili Diğer Mevzuat

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17

Ä°dari Taksimat ve Yerel YĂśnetim Birimleri

19

Yerel Yรถnetim Birimleri-1 No

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21

Yerel Yönetim Birimleri-2 No

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Yerel Yönetim Biçimleri

Seçim Süreçleri ve Yerel Seçimler

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22

Yerel Yönetim Birimleri-3 No

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Yerel Yönetim Biçimleri

Seçim Süreçleri ve Yerel Seçimler

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'DQÕúPD 0HFOLVL ùXUD \HOHULQLQ VHoLPL LoLQ G|UW \ÕOGD ELU JHQHO VHoLPOHU \DSÕOPDNWDGÕU %XQXQOD ELUOLNWH 8PPDQ¶GD EHOHGL\HOHUH YH\D EDúND \HUHO \|QHWLP ELULPOHULQH \|QHOLN KHUKDQJL ELU \HUHO VHoLP X\JXODPDVÕ \RNWXU

hUG Q

hUG Q LGDUL DoÕGDQ YDOLOL÷H E|O QP ú ROXS KHU YDOLOLN NHQGL LoHULVLQGH GDKD DOW NDGHPH LGDUL E|OJHOHUH D\UÕOPÕúWÕU +HU YDOLOLN øoLúOHUL %DNDQOÕ÷Õ¶QÕQ |QHULVL\OH .UDO WDUDIÕQGDQ DWDQDQ ELUHU 9DOL WDUDIÕQGDQ \|QHWLOPHNWHGLU

<HUHO \|QHWLPOHU EHOHGL\HOHUGHQ YH N|\OHUGHQ ROXúPDNWDGÕU YH GDKD ID]OD Q IXVD VDKLS \HUOHúLPOHUGH VHoLPOH JHOHQ EHOHGL\H PHFOLVOHUL ROXúWXUXOPDNWDGÕU 0HFOLVL %HOHGL\H %DúNDQÕ \|QHWPHNWHGLU .|\ PXKWDUODUÕ 9DOL WDUDIÕQGDQ DWDQPDNWDGÕU

%HOHGL\H 0HFOLVL \HOHUL \ÕOOÕN ELU G|QHP LoLQ VHoLOPHNWHGLU 0HFOLVOHULQ \H VD\ÕVÕ LOH DUDVÕQGD GH÷LúPHNWHGLU $PPDQ¶GD %HOHGL\H %DúNDQÕ YH 0HFOLV \HOHULQLQ \DUÕVÕ PHUNH]L \|QHWLPFH DWDQPDNWD GL÷HU \DUÕVÕ LVH VHoLOPHNWHGLU

<HPHQ

<HPHQ |]HO ELU LGDUL VWDW \H VDKLS EDúNHQW 6DQD GDKLO LGDUL DoÕGDQ YDOLOL÷H E|O QP úW U +HU YDOLOLN LoHULVLQGH \HU DODQ EHOHGL\HOHU DOW E|OJHOHUH D\UÕOPÕúWÕU %HOHGL\H VÕQÕUODUÕ GÕúÕQGDNL DODQODU LVH LOoHOHUH E|O QP úW U

<HPHQ¶GH YDOLOLNOHUGHQ YH LOoHOHUGHQ ROXúDQ LNL NDGHPHOL ELU \HUHO \|QHWLP \DSÕODQPDVÕ EXOXQPDNWDGÕU <HUHO \|QHWLúLP VLVWHPL KHU YDOLOLNWH YH LOoHGH DWDQDUDN J|UHYH JHOHQ ELU \ U WPH RUJDQÕ LOH VHoLOHUHN JHOHQ ELU PHFOLVWHQ ROXúPDNWDGÕU

<HUHO PHFOLV \HOHUL KHP YDOLOLNOHU KHP GH LOoHOHUGH GR÷UXGDQ VHoLOPHNWHGLU +HU PHFOLV NHQGL LoLQGHQ ELU EDúNDQ VHoPHNWHGLU øON \HUHO VHoLPOHU ¶GH \DSÕOPÕúWÕU ¶GHQ EX \DQD YDOLOHU GH \HUHO PHFOLV \HOHULQFH VHoLOPHNWHGLU

8PPDQ

23

‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪3 :‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬

‫‪11.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭ ﺎ‬

‫‪12.‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫‪13.‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ‬

‫‪14.‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬

‫‪15.‬‬

‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺳﻮﺭ ﺎ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ‪ 14‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻞ ﻣ ﺎ ﺑﻤﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻌ ﻥ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﺎ ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺇ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺇ ‪11‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍ ‪ 61‬ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻢ ﻌﻴﻴ ﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻝ ‪ ،14‬ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﺪﻥ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍ ﻀﺮ ﺔ ﻭﺻﻔ ﺎ ﺑﺄ ﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ )ﺃﻛ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟ ﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺻﺪﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪ 20،000‬ﺴﻤﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﺕ )‪ 10،000‬ﺍ ‪ 20،000‬ﺴﻤﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪ .1971‬ﺗﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﻯ ﻞ ﺃﺭ ﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﺃﺟﺮ ﺖ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺧ ﺓ ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ‬ ‫)‪ 5،000‬ﺇ ‪ 10،000‬ﺴﻤﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2007‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻞ ﺃﺭ ﻊ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ )ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ( ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﺪ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍ ﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺤ ﺃﺧﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍ ﻲ ﺍﳌﺤﺪﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﺪ ﺎ ‪ 43‬ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ‪ 14‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪23‬‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺮ ﻔﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻟﻠ ﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺠﺮﻯ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟـ "ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭ ﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻌﺪ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﺳﻠﻮ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1993‬ﺗﻢ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟ ﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ ﻭ ﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴ ﻴﺔ ﺍ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭ ﺔ ﻭﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍ ﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺸ ﻛﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻤﺸﻴﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ‪ 16‬ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟ ﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴ ﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻈﻠﺔ ﻗﻮ ﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ‪ 11‬ﺍﻟﻀﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮ ﻴﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﻏﺰﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳ ﺸ ﻞ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻣﻦ ‪ 29‬ﻋﻀﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺒ ﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2004‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻗﻄﺮﺇ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1998‬ﻟ ﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻟﺪ ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﻋ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺄﺳ ﺲ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1999‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻳﻤﺜﻠﻮﻥ ‪ 230‬ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ‪ 4‬ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺍ ﻌﺔ ﻭ ﺧ ﺓ‬ ‫ﻧ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻴ ﻠﺔ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛ ﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟ ﺗ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،2004‬ﻭﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ 7‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺒ ﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻠﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ‪.2011‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺇ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‪.‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺍﳌﻌ ﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻘﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗﻢ ﺍ ﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 500‬ﺴﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺭﺋ ﺲ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺋﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻟﻼﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺰﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘ ﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻼﻝ‪ .‬ﺃﺟﺮ ﺖ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺧ ﺓ ﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﻴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺷ ﺮﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2010‬ﺃﺭ ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪2 :‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬

‫‪6.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬

‫‪7.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﺖ‬

‫‪8.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬

‫‪9.‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬

‫‪10.‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻢ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻻﻗ ﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ‪ 18‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﻟ ﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﻈ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﻤﻴﺎ ﺑﻤﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ )ﺷﺎﻣﻼ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻱ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻥ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤ ﺎ ﺇ ﻣﺰ ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ 4‬ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺪﺍﺭ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪ ،‬ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﺖ ﺗ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺸ ﻠﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﺖ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺮﻭﻋ ﺎ‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺑﻠﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺍ ﺪﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯ ﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﺍ ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺮ ﻔﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻌﻴ ﻥ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﺖ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1932‬ﻭ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺸﺎﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ‪ 21‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻏ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺇ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳ ﺸ ﻞ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 16‬ﻋﻀﻮﺍ ‪ 10‬ﻣ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻢ ﻭ ‪ 6‬ﻣ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻌﻴﻴ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻟـ‪ 10‬ﻣﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻱ ‪ 10‬ﺩﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻠﻴﻤﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻴ ﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺤ‬ ‫ﻋ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ .‬ﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻳ ﺘﺨﺐ ﺭﺋ ﺴﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .2001‬ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪2008‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈ ﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺸ ﻞ ﻏ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻢ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﻴ ﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻹﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺸﻤﻞ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻥ )ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﺷﻴﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎ ﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﺎﺕ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍ ﻣﺰ ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮ ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺋ ﺲ ﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺮ ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻞ ‪ 5‬ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎ ﺇ ‪ 81‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺗﻨﺺ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ‪ 127‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻋ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺗﺠﺮﻯ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ ﻳﻮﻡ ‪ 29‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪ .2009‬ﺗﻢ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍ ﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌ ﻭ ﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻭﻏ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪1 :‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬

‫‪1.‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫‪3.‬‬

‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ‪ 34‬ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺃﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻥ ﺷ ﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺯﻋﺔ ﻋ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﺠﺎ ﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﻭ ﺳﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍ ﺎﻛﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟ ﻳﺮﺃﺳ ﺎ ﺣ ﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜ ﻯ ﻣﻨﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﺍ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩ ﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠ ﺎ ﻌﺪ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﳌﺪﺓ ‪ 5‬ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺭﺩﻥ ﺇ ‪ 12‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻞ ﻣ ﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗ ﺸ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﺇ ﺃ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ ﺻﻐﺮ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺨﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺭﺋ ﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺳ ﺎ ﺎ ‪ 2500‬ﺗ ﻨﻮﻉ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻤ ﺎ ﺣ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍ ‪11‬‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺴﻤﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻛ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮ ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺪﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﻌ ﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻀﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻌﻴ ﻥ ‪ 6‬ﺭﺅﺳﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﺧﺮﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺍ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻛ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺟﻨﺒﺎ ﺇ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻋ ﻃﺎﺭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮ ﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺇ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪،‬ﻭﻓﻖ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺴ ﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭ ﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺎ ﺗﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺔ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪4.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ‬

‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،2002‬ﻭﺗﻢ ﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﻭﺷ ﺪﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺇ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺪﻳﺮ ﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺍﳌﻌ ﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻦ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺪﻳﺮ ﻞ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ‪ ،1924‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻤﺢ ﺑﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﺮﺕ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻇﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2002‬ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ‪ ،2002‬ﻭﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻌ ﻥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ﻋﻀﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺒﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺘﻮ ﺮ ‪.2010‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2003‬ﻻﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭ ﺎ ﺍ ‪ 13‬ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻌﻤﻞ ﺎﳌ ﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻌﺎﺩ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺬﺍ ﻃﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻣ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .2005‬ﻭﺃﺟﺮ ﺖ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺗﺼ ﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻞ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،2009‬ﻭ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺧ ﺓ ‪ 29‬ﺳ ﺘﻤ ‪.2011‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ ‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪1- :‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬

‫‪1.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺣ ﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍ ﺪﻳﺪ ﻷﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ ﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺬﺓ ﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 2007‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺎﺳ ﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺳ ﺸﺎﺭ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .2004‬ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪) 2000‬ﺻﺪﺭ ﻇﻞ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺔ ﺍ ﻮﻛﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺃﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ .1957‬ﻭﻋ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺮﺩ ﺃﺣ ﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ )‪ ،(84‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ‪ -137‬ﺍ ﻮﺩ ﺍ ﺎﺭ ﺔ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2000‬ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.140‬‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫ﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﺮﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1952‬ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻮﻓ ﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣ ﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ 29‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ .1955‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺍﻟ ﺗﻢ ﻗﺒﻮﻟ ﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1966‬ﻳﻀﻊ ﻃﺎﺭ ﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻥ ﺸﺄﻥ ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻢ ﻭﺿﻌ ﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﻋ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2007،2002 ،1994 ،1983‬ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫‪ 121‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﻥ ﺳ ﺘﻤ ‪.2011‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2007‬ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﻇ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (10‬ﺻﺪﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2006‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺄﺳ ﺲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺆﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ‪ 2‬ﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻭﻝ ‪ ،1971‬ﻭ ﻌﺪ ﻌﺪﻳﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮ ﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ 10‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ 2007‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ 9‬ﺸﺄﻥ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﻭﺭﻗﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺇﻣﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ‪ .1996‬ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻻ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﺑﻮﻇ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ 11‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ 2007‬ﺃﺑﻮﻇ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺃﺣ ﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻋ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌ ﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻋ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ ‪ 6‬ﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻭﻝ ﻭﺻﺪﺭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﺪﺭ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻨﺎﻙ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﺧﺮ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺗ ﻴﻈﻢ‬ ‫‪ ،1973‬ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋ ﺴﻴﺔ ‪ 14‬ﺷﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .1920‬ﺻﺪﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2001‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ )2002‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ‬ ‫‪ .2002‬ﻭﺗﺮﺩ ﺃﺣ ﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍ ﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ ﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺼﻮﺹ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺗ ﻥ ‪ 50‬ﻭ ‪.114‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬

‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺳﺎ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1992‬ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻢ ﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺆﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭ ﺔ ﺸﺮﻑ ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮ ﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﺎﺭ ﺦ ‪ ،1992‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺎﺳ ﺴ ﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻠ ﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺃ‪ 276/‬ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻥ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻭ ﻟ ﺲ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﺸﻤﻞ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻋ ﺍﺣ ﺎﻡ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ‪1975‬ـ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﻱ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﺷ ﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﻠ ﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1977‬ـ‬

‫‪3.‬‬

‫‪4.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬

‫ ‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪3-‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫)ﻛﻢ‪(2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ )‪(2011-2010‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ )ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ( )‪(UNDP-2010‬‬

‫‪11.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭ ﺎ‬

‫‪185,180‬‬

‫‪22.5‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪) 4,76‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪(2010-‬‬

‫ﻭ ﻳﺤﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻥ ﺍ ﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 111‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ"ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺷ ﺍﻛﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻣﺒ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬

‫‪12.‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫‪309,500‬‬

‫‪2.3‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺳﺎ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﻳﺤﺪﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺎ ﻛـ" ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺄ ﺎ "ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﺛﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫‪) 25,653‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮﺔ‪(2010-‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻴﺔ )‪ UNDP-‬ﻳﺘ ﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺴ ﻥ ﻋ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺏ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺴ ﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪2009‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎ‬

‫‪13.‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ‬

‫)ﺍﻟﻀﻔﺔ‪ -‬ﻏﺰﺓ(‬ ‫‪6,031‬‬

‫)ﺍﻟﻀﻔﺔ‪ -‬ﻏﺰﺓ(‪5.9‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻏ ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺳﺎ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳ ﻮﻥ "ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﳌﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺎ ﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ ﺎ ﺍﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻄ ﻥ ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍ ﺰ ﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺘﻢ ﺇ ﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ )ﺗﻘﺎﺭ ﺮ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﻟ ﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴ ﻴﺔ ﻋ ﺍﻟﺮ ﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺀ ﻟﻼﻣﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ‪.‬‬

‫‪14.‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬

‫‪11,437‬‬

‫‪1.7‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪79,426‬‬ ‫)ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮﺔ‪(2010-‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻥ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﺮ ﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 38‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺇﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺭﺍﺛﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺋ ﻟﻠ ﺸﺮﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪15.‬‬

‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬

‫‪10,452‬‬

‫‪4.3‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻥ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺟﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺎ ﻛـ" ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺩﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺒ ﻴﺔ ﻋ ﺍﺣ ﺍﻡ ﺍ ﺮ ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺄﺳ ﺲ‬ ‫‪) 13,475‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﺎ " ﺗﻘﺮ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻴﺔ )‪UNDP-‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎ ﻋ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫)‪2009‬‬ ‫ﺑ ﻥ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ ﺍ ﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪2-‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫)ﻛﻢ‪(2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ )‪(2011-2010‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‬

‫‪6.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬

‫‪438,317‬‬

‫‪29.7‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻏ ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬

‫‪7.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﻮ ﺖ‬

‫‪17,818‬‬

‫‪2.2‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﻮ ﺖ ﺇﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 47‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻳ ﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫‪) 55,719‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺴ ﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬

‫‪555,000‬‬

‫‪24‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻳﻮﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻭﺟﻨﻮ ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺑ ﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 133‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ ﺃﻧﻈﻤ ﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫‪) 2,387‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ "ﺟﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‪ ."،‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬

‫‪1,648,195‬‬

‫‪75‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 70‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻮﺯ ﻊ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫‪) 11,764‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ " ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻌﻀ ﺎ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ"‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪،‬‬

‫‪10.‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎ‬

‫‪814,578‬‬

‫‪74‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻌﺮﻑ ﺍ ﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﻛﻴﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺎ ﺑﺄ ﺎ "ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 83‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﻜﻤ ﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‪ ".‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻋ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺑ ﻥ‬ ‫‪) 13,359‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻋ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ ‪،‬ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ )ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ()‪(UNDP-2010‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻳﺤﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺎ ﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺎ ﻛـ" ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﻓ ﺎ ﺟﻤ ﻮﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺎ ﻲ )ﺑﺮﳌﺎ ﻲ( ﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮ ﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ"‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﺭﺍ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫) )‪UNDP-2009‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪1-‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫)ﻛﻢ‪(2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ )‪(2011-2010‬‬

‫‪1.‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫‪647,500‬‬

‫‪29.8‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪2.‬‬

‫ﺭﺩﻥ‬

‫‪89,213‬‬

‫‪6.5‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪3.‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬

‫‪83,600‬‬

‫‪4.7‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫‪4.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ‬

‫‪250‬‬

‫‪1.04‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ ‪ 39‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍ ﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ " ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻠ ﻲ ﻭﺭﺍ ﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺒ ﻋ ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﺖ‬ ‫‪) 26,664‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪(2010-‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍ" ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬

‫‪2,150,000‬‬

‫‪27.6‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻠ ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 55‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﻌﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪) 24,726‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠ ﺸﺮ ﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ .‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﺮﳌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﻃ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻌﻴ ﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ )ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ()‪(UNDP-2010‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﺤﺪﺩ ﺃﻓﻐﺎ ﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺄ ﺎ "ﺟﻤ ﻮﺭ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ ‪ 155‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ"‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋ ﺃﻥ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﻮ‬ ‫) ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ 1,419 (2010-‬ﻭ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ " ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺳﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎ ﻲ‪ ،‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ"‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻌﻀ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺭﺩﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺎﺷﻤﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻠ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻊ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 82‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ‪.‬‬ ‫‪) 5,956‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪(2010-‬‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸ ﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻟ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺇﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ‪ 32‬ﻣﻦ ﺑ ﻥ ‪ 169‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺑ ﻥ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪) 58,006‬ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ‪ (2010-‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻠ ﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺍ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﻠ ﺎ ﺍ ﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

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‫ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺣ ﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﻴ ﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (7‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (8‬ﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (9‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻭ ﻭﺻﺎﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ ﻋ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (10‬ﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﳌﺤ ﻭ ﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ ‬

‫ﻧﻄﻼﻕ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﻏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ ﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﻭ ﺍ ﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﻟـ‪ UCLG-MEWA‬ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺩﻳﺎﺭ ﻜﺮ )ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺎ( ﺑﺘﺎﺭ ﺦ ‪16‬‬ ‫ﺩ ﺴﻤ ‪ 2010‬ﻭ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻋ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﻴﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺑﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻛﺠﺰﺀ ﻟ ﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍ ﺸﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪،2011‬‬