-ED: PRONUNCIATION /Id/
/t/
/d/
wanted
helped
called
attended
looked
loved
missed
played
watched washed sniffed If the final sound of a regular verb is a voiceless consonant (= /p/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /θ/, /tʃʃ/, /ʃʃ/) then ‘ed’ is pronounced as /t/.
If the final sound of a regular verb is a voiced consonant, vowel or diphthong, then ‘ed’ is pronounced as /d/.
IN
If the final sound of a regular verb is pronounced like the letters /t/ or /d/ then ‘ed’ is pronounced as /Id/.
USE
– Consecutive actions in the past. e.g. I sent the message and waited for him to respond. – The events in a story that is told in the past. e.g. When he heard the clock strike midnight, he knew it was time to go.
N
2 Past continuous
FORM
Positive (+)
Negative (-)
Questions (?)
1st p. sing. 2nd p. sing. 3rd p. sing. 1st p. plur. 2nd p. plur. 3rd p. plur.
I was talking. You were talking. He was talking. We were talking. You were talking. They were talking.
I wasn’t talking. You weren’t talking. He wasn’t talking. We weren’t talking. You weren’t talking. They weren’t talking.
Was I talking? Were you talking? Was he talking? Were we talking? Were you talking? Were they talking?
Rule:
Subject + was/were + -ing form of the verb
Subject + wasn’t (was not) / weren’t (were not) + -ing form of the verb
Was/were + subject + -ing form of the verb
VA
Subject
USE
©
– Longer actions going on in the past. e.g. He was walking around downstairs.
– (background) descriptions. e.g. The girl was wearing a grey dress. Keywords: ’while’ and ’as’ + past continuous e.g. As she was going down the stairs, she saw the shadows of men in the distance.
’when’ and ’suddenly’ + past simple e.g. She was running in the forest when suddenly the sound of an owl startled her. eighty-eight
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UNIT 2:
SPOOKTACULAR
