The work of Urban Design Associates by Urban Design Associates

The work of

Urban design associates

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

At its inception, the name “Urban Design Associates” was never intended to speak only of the firm. The name itself is a call to action that we, with our clients, stakeholders, and constituents, are associates in the design of urban places.

This book represents only a few selections of the more than 2,400 projects in our portfolio since our founding in 1964. As a supplement, our Principal Emeriti have provided a thoughtful overview of the characteristics of our history, our practice, and where cities are going.

AN INTRODUCTION TO UDA

Urban Design Associates would like to thank our “Associates”: citizens, constituents, consultants, and clients that have brought so many of our projects to life. We would like to thank the hundreds of people that have worked in the UDA studio over the years. Specifically, we would like to acknowledge and thank our current staff, including: Principals & Associates Gail Armstrong, Steve Auterman, David Csont, Megan O’Hara, Jeffrey Schwaiger, Terry Welsh, Staff Patrick Brunner, Rebecca Lefkowitz, Bethanie Martin, Cara O’Brien, Susann Reimann, Lori Sipes, Ashleigh Walton, Lily Xing, and Consultant Jim Morgan.

Board of Directors Barry Long, AIA;

With enthusiasm, we would like to thank our Principal Emeriti David Lewis, FAIA; Raymond Gindroz, FAIA; Donald Carter, FAIA FAICP; and Paul Ostergaard, FAIA.

Eric Osth, AIA; and Rob Robinson, AIA

Founding of Urban Design Associates David Lewis, FAIA Urbanism and the Practice of Urban Design Raymond Gindroz, FAIA Drawing Places Paul Ostergaard, FAIA, AoU URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS

NEW TOWNS & CITIES

LEGACY PLACES

DOWNTOWNS

TOOLS FOR RECOVERY & RESILIENCY

EPILOGUE

The Future of Cities Donald Carter, FAIA, FAICP PUBLICATIONS

THE WORK OF URBAN DESIGN ASSOCIATES

Table of Contents

AN INTRODUCTION TO UDA

This book presents a summary of the work of Urban Design Associates (UDA), founded in 1964 in Pittsburgh. While most of the architecture profession designs buildings, the architects at UDA have always considered more than one scale, including the scale of the block, the neighborhood, the town, and the city. This book presents designs for urban neighborhoods, new towns and cities, legacy places, downtowns, and settlements seeking greater resiliency. These projects represent the ambitions of visionary developers, municipal planners, elected officials, institutions, and foundations. The work manifests itself in different forms depending on the project and approach to im-

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plementation. Some are vision plans for cities seeking to define public policy while others are master plans for private developers. Some projects feature building designs for new neighborhoods based on local architectural patterns and traditions. Others are pattern books, highly visual design guidelines for architects, builders, and homeowners building in sensitive places. Taken as a whole, this book demonstrates a tremendous range of issues and a variety of solutions addressed in the practice of urban design at UDA.

An Introduction To UDA

FOUNDING OF URBAN DESIGN ASSOCIATES David Lewis, FAIA

Our towns and cities are the physical languages of who we are. They tell us about our history and our values. When we travel to a town in a foreign county for the first time, we might sit in a café on a public square and quietly watch the scene in front of us while sipping a cup of coffee or a glass of white wine. Our eyes will explore the quality and scale of the buildings around us that are unfamiliar and intriguing, and we might ruminate about the layering of past cultures that survive the town’s arcades and doorways and its balconies and towers. We will watch how people interact with each other in the noisy complexity of the city they take for granted. Our ears will explore the cadences of voices, and the city will come alive for us through the rhythms of its life. We might indeed ruminate about how our cities also gained their form over time, and how rapidly they have changed during our lifetime, and how we might explain these changes to foreign visitors. Perhaps we would begin by recounting how, before the automobile, urban neighborhoods in our larger cities were essentially small towns within the city. Their antecedents were European towns and villages. Their dimensions were designed for pedestrians. Within a circumference of 10-15 minutes of walking time, each urban neighborhood had a

An Introduction To UDA

shopping street, a park, a library, schools, and places of worship. But the dominant uniformity of these urban grids is decidedly American. We might speak about the experience of flying over the expanse of our country and seeing our rural areas laid out in all directions as a rectilinear grid and how our towns can be seen as urban grids within the agricultural grid. And within the towns, residential streets were laid out as rectangular blocks, with sidewalks and shade trees and standard lots for sequences of “pattern book” houses, each with a front porch and a back yard. Neighbors knew each other and their children, and public transit connected neighborhoods to the city center and workplaces. Each neighborhood had its own ethnic character, influenced by the cultures that immigrants brought with them — churches, synagogues, shops, restaurants and markets, and even their own languages, festivals, and schools — characteristics that are still powerful to this day. But we might then recount to our visitor how in the 1950s and 60s radial highways were built from the centers of our cities into the surrounding farmlands, and how these highways generated residential suburbs, shopping malls, and office parks. We might also explain how, in our city center, tall office towers were

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built of steel, aluminum, and glass — centers that in some cities are still referred to as “island of excellence” — resulting in those radial highways being clogged morning and evening by suburban commuters in automobiles at rush hours. And we would also recount how some of our larger inner-city neighborhoods, drained by outward suburban migration, became low-income segregated communities with deteriorating residential streets and shops. We might

also explain that the civil rights movement is continuing to evolve these inner-city neighborhoods from the fierce confrontations of the ‘60s and ‘70s into urban integration. But we could also speculate that from the generation to generation our cities resemble tides that flow out and then flow in again. A new generation is beginning to discover the virtues of these older neighborhoods in our towns and cities and the evolving neighborhoods in traditions with the inputs and insight of new cultural initiatives.

Every neighborhood has its own character. As urban designers, it is our task to enfranchise old and new voices together and to infuse our urban heritage and traditions with the inputs and insight of new cultural energies. We learned our techniques during the civil rights struggle of the ‘50s and ‘60s. Our approach at that time was simple and direct, and we have not changed. We need to look at every urban situation with the fresh eyes of innocence. We need to hear and see what heritage is trying to tell us and to understand at first hand the voices and ambitions of the unheard.

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As urban designers, we need to bear in mind that while history deals with past tradition, it is the bridge to the future. Every city and every neighbor has its character and its sense of what it inherits. It also has a sense of how it wants its future to evolve. Our mission as urban designers is to develop public and private sector recommendations based on the people themselves, their sense of living heritage, and their goals for the generation to come.

An Introduction To UDA

URBANISM AND THE PRACTICE OF URBAN DESIGN Raymond Gindroz, FAIA

When we started our practice in 1964, very few people knew what urban design was. Some described it as “a bridge between planning and architecture”, others thought it was simply architecture on a very large scale. Academic articles trying to define it appeared in journals. There was even a contest to find the best definition. So, it was not easy starting a practice that provided a service that was virtually unknown. People usually don’t want to pay for a service they didn’t know existed and therefore didn’t know they needed. Over time, we learned that urban design is the only discipline that brings together all the aspects of city design to create whole places. To do so, we are facilitators and bridge builders who bring people together around a shared vision. This understanding began for us with David Lewis’ Master’s degree program at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University). When David came to Pittsburgh to chair the urban design program, he created a new approach to teaching which he later called the Urban Lab. Students went out into the neighborhoods and business areas of Pittsburgh to meet with residents to learn what aspects of their community were working for them and what were not. To help students understand the technical aspects of city design, David as-

An Introduction To UDA

sembled an interdisciplinary faculty, including an economist, a developer, a social worker and sociologist, a traffic planner and a city planner. From the beginning it was clear that urban design could provide the design framework for all of these specialists to work together. Working with interdisciplinary teams and involving residents continue to be the working methods of the firm. Our first commission further helped us to understand the role of urban designers. It came about when the Superintendent of Pittsburgh Public Schools asked David to help in conforming to the Supreme Court ruling that called for integrating all public schools. Our task was to find ways of locating and designing schools as a means of achieving racially integrated schools. Pittsburgh is a city of steep hills and valleys that separate neighborhoods from each other. Most of these were either all white or all black. By analyzing the physical and social structure of the city, we hoped to find locations that were on common ground between neighborhoods. And so, we began Urban Design Associates with an urban design project, funded by the Ford Foundation, that dealt with the major social crisis of the time. Finding the relationship between social issues and the physical form of cities became the central mission of our newborn practice.

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The best way to define urban design is to describe the key services that an urban design practice can provide: Conducting Public Engagement Processes: In the early years, we quickly learned that we could not find solutions to difficult problems during the design process without genuine, personal engagement with people in the community. We learned what people treasured about their neighborhoods, what they disliked and feared about them and what dreams and aspirations they had for the future. Designs were developed in direct response to their answers. The most important design challenge was the design of the process itself. We developed a process with three steps: (1) Figuring out what is going on, (2) Trying out some ideas, and (3) Deciding what to do. We have found that when followed rigorously, the process never fails. Our motto is to always “trust the process.” Leading Charrettes: In order to cope with the large number of issues and broad range of people involved in the design process, we organize the process around one or more public working sessions with opportunities for all participants to work with us. It is the most efficient way to deal with complex issues and reach consensus. Participants know that decisions need to be made and consensus reached in a short time period. If the process drags on, consensus is lost and projects fail.

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Urban Design Analyses: The urban designer distills what the people have said and analyzes the city to identify the aspects of its physical form that create the problems identified by the people. To help understand the complex physical form of cities, we created a method of analysis which we call UDA X-Rays®. Each element of the community is drawn separately. For example, the pattern of streets or the pattern of residential development or the physical barriers between parts of the community are “diagnosed” to identify problems. The results are combined in a diagram of good things and bad things. These diagrams then become a means of communicating the issues with the general public, with political leaders and with the various stakeholders involved, such as developers, traffic engineers, business leaders, and city officials.

An Introduction To UDA

Visions: Urban designers’ main responsibility is to create a vision for the future based on all that is learned in the process. The vision needs to be meaningful to all the participants and to those who will implement it. For example, the vision of a master plan for the University of California at Santa Barbara was a series of grand promenades with vistas to both the ocean and the mountains. This simple but large scale vision established the footprint for future buildings and the form of public open space. In the 13 years since the plan was approved, the University has made sure that even small scale projects follow this plan and that no construction blocks the grand vistas.

Architectural Design: In the early years of our practice when urban design projects were few and far between, 60% of our work was architecture. Although we ultimately stopped doing full-service architecture, we found that a deep understanding of the way buildings are built and function is essential to good urban design. In later years, the firm provides architectural design services, often on key buildings to set standards for others to follow. The character and quality of the buildings that create the spaces of a city are critical to its success. Design Guidelines and Pattern Books: The majority of buildings in the U.S. are built by production builders with little time spent on the design. The building booms of 19th-century Britain and America used Pattern Books to ensure consistently high-quality design that supports the overall vision of the plan. We found that a modern version of the Pattern Book helped developers and cities achieve a higher quality of design.

Visualization: In order to reach consensus among a broad group of people, it is critical that all participants have a clear understanding of the proposed design. Three dimensional drawings that accurately describe the spaces created in the design are essential. Preparing these in the charrettes provides an opportunity for participants to make suggestions and influence the image’s final form.

M assing and Facade Composition

M anor House Apartm ents

The Stables

The Park Tow er

The M anor H ouse Apartment building is an elegant residence at the edge of town with units that enjoy views of the surrounding wooded preserve. The four and a half story building features an entrance court and units and picturesque massing with an animated roofscape, dormers, towers and chimneys. Paired with the Stables, the ensemble resembles a converted estate.

The Stables is an assembly of rowhouse units organized around an interior courtyard. Living spaces for each unit are oriented to the surrounding forest. The central court, once for horses, is now a motor court with garages behind stable doors wrapping around the courtyard. The units vary in height from one-and-a-half- to two-and-a-half-story units. The units are unique because they are designed as converted stable lofts.

The tall apartment building is designed in the great tradition of elegant ‘park address’ apartment houses, similar to precedents found along Chicago’s North Shore, New York’s Central Park, and Boston’s Charles River. The building is oriented to maximize views and features exclusive penthouse units. The apartments feature large balconies and terraces that overlook the woodlands.

The Rise Architecture ad d r esses

An Introduction To UDA

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A recent experience illustrated the essential ingredients of an urban design practice. A city had been trying for years to redevelop a 200acre area adjacent to downtown that currently has nearly 2,000 units of public housing and is subject to flooding. A vision was developed with the community two years ago and a successful application for Federal funding was submitted early this year. In order to secure additional funding, the detailed design of one aspect, the streets, began before all other aspects were started. This led to conflicts among the various disciplines and stakeholders. We held a technical charrette in which the leader of each discipline stated 5-8 key goals. They all listened to each other. Then four teams, one for each discipline, began work in the same

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work area. Periodic reviews provided a forum for debate and resolution of conflicts. The designs for key areas were illustrated in three dimensional images. By the end of three days, a clear direction was agreed to by all parties and the vision became clear. Urban designers led and coordinated the process. This is the essence of urban design in practice.

An Introduction To UDA

DRAWING PLACES Paul Ostergaard, FAIA, AoU

Drawing is the language of architects and urban designers, distinguishing these professions from all others. Understood by the viewer regardless of who they are and what language they speak, drawings can explain complex physical environments more easily than words. Perhaps most importantly, drawings have the power to inspire action because they place a picture in the minds of those who want change, who want to improve their environment. Those pictures linger in the mind longer than numbers, sentences, and paragraphs. UDA places a high value on drawing as both a design and a communication skill. Because of this, our staff of architects has remarkable drawing skills that enable them to think, design, and communicate effectively. We are taught to translate the path our eyes take across an object through our mind and into our hand by moving a pencil across a piece of paper. With continual practice, we develop muscle memory of drawing buildings and spaces we admire, and later in practice, we use this muscle memory to draw new places. An example of this is the lifelong research of Ray Gindroz, as seen with his line drawings of urban spaces in Italy, France, and other places he has visited. His lines create a depiction of urban space by emphasizing those features that most interest him and offer a lesson for others. He has applied these lessons to his urban design projects.

An Introduction To UDA

Perspectives are the most legible drawings to the layman because they immediately convey the character of a proposal and are less abstract than orthogonal projections such as plans and elevations. Perspectives constructed properly allow the viewer to occupy the place as if it was real. Many perspectives are taken at eye level to give the viewer a sense of being inside an urban space. These views are often intended to convey the room-like nature of city places and capture key vistas that make them memorable. They convey the importance of buildings and landscapes as components of those places, providing guidance for their design later on. Perspectives are not just a presentation tool â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the staff at UDA designs in perspective, adjusting buildings and landscape to maximum benefit. Computer modeling has greatly improved our ability to manipulate urban space. Before the personal computer, we would manually construct one and two-point perspectives, a laborious process essentially unchanged since the 15th century. We now use 3D modeling as an underlay to construct hand drawings on trace. The drawings are then elaborated by the designers, informing changes to the computer model. This is an iterative process of design combining an ancient art form with modern technology. Hand drawings are scanned and rendered with color to create vivid depictions of a future place. They are used in presentations to communicate the

Ray Gindroz

Bill Durkee

Paul Ostergaard

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essential qualities of the proposed physical environment and used as early marketing imagery. We typically eschew computer-generated imagery early in the design process because we wish to emphasize certain planning principles and concepts, most easily conveyed by hand drawing. Aerial views are effective at explaining the proposed urban form of a city. Views from the air not only show the organization of urban space, as in a plan of the city, but convey the character and scale given to those spaces by the buildings that create them. By emphasizing particular design features, the aerial perspective can be an extremely effective tool for describing urban planning issues that are broad in scope and impossible to see from the ground. The advantage of hand drawing over computer-generated photorealism is the ability to emphasize aspects of the urban form with line and color that are most important to the project. Aerial photos and photorealism show everything. Hand drawings have the immense power of focusing the message as a diagram, often of great beauty. The planning charrette is live theater. We rely on our previous experience with charrettes to proceed with a degree of comfort. However, we go into every charrette with some uncertainty. We try to imagine a solution before drawing, but no progress can be made until we begin to draw. Once we are ready, we follow the path our drawings take us on. We think using drawing as our language allows our client to see ideas unfold before them that were never contemplated. Citizens who join us in charrette love to sit beside our designers

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and illustrator and watch, sometimes offering their ideas. They see their ideas drawn on paper, and later if they have merit, their ideas embedded in drawings are presented to the community. Drawing at UDA has evolved over the years. The ink line has always been our preferred media, but the use of line drawings has changed. Early on Bill Durkee and Paul Ostergaard drew pen and ink perspectives drawings that stood on their own without color rendering. To provide tonal value, these drawings were hatched in the manner of an etcher or engraver. They were inspired by the line drawings of Bertram Goodhue and the etchings of Giorgio Morandi. Early attempts to provide color with marker were mostly failures. Pencil was a more subtle material for color but would not reproduce well. David Csont, a trained illustrator, combined line drawing with watercolor and most recently digital coloring that dramatically advanced the art of drawing in our firm and in the profession. These new techniques are also used by the staff to render plans, elevations, and sections. Currently, we are exploring the combination of hand drawing and 3D modeling in the process of urban design. Early perspective drawings illustrate an urban place as in a movie set design storyboard. Then computer-generated modeling enables us to create film segments that move us through a place, thereby illustrating how the parts and pieces of urbanism are combined to create places. Fully rendered hand drawings capture moments in the journey as an image that can be used in print and digital media. David Csont

An Introduction To UDA

URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS

In 1964, American urban neighborhoods were not only in decline, but headed to extinction. UDA founders felt that cities and neighborhoods were worth saving. This critical thinking was as critical then as it is today. UDA has a long history of projects that have produced attractive, cohesive, and economically successful traditional mixed-income neighborhoods in highly challenging urban environments. Our work on these types of projects are broad and far reaching. We listen, we analyze, and we think critically. In the end, we use design to solve problems.

No neighborhood looks the same, so our projects and our work doesn’t either. On the following pages, you will find: •• The New Faubourg Lafitte: A new New

Orleans neighborhood that replaced a housing project that was destroyed by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. •• First Ward: An entirely new mixed-income

neighborhood comprising nearly a quarter of Charlotte’s Uptown. •• Orleans Landing: A new mixed-income,

mixed-use neighborhood on Detroit’s waterfront.

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Urban Neighborhoods

THE NEW FAUBOURG LAFITTE NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA

Rebuilding public housing in the traditions of New Orleans In late 2006, New Orleans was in a housing crisis in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. As a result of the hurricane, the large and outdated Lafitte Public Housing Complex needed to be rebuilt. UDA was tapped to orchestrate a public process, resulting in the goal of rebuilding Lafitte in the tradition of New Orleans — thereby removing the stigma of living in a “project” and creating something that adds to the character of the neighborhood. UDA’s process-driven master plan and architecture, based on typologies and styles prevalent in the surrounding neighborhoods, respects the history and culture of the community.

Client Enterprise Community Partners Team Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, LaQuatra Bonci Associates Michael Willis Architects, Nicole Swerhun, Schrenk & Peterson Awards CNU Charter Award, 2012

Urban Neighborhoods

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Urban Neighborhoods

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FIRST WARD CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA

Transforming a public housing project into a new uptown neighborhood In 1994, Charlotte was catching on as a new center for regional growth. With an outdated public housing project impeding the growth of Uptown Charlotte and its development potential, Bank of America CDC approached UDA in the mid-nineties with the task of creating a new neighborhood that worked for everyone. What followed was a remarkable public/private city building initiative to create a master plan and development strategy for one of the four quadrants comprising Charlotte’s Center City. UDA worked with the city’s Uptown Partnership, Bank of America, city officials, and citizens in a series of public forums and workshops to develop a bold plan and chart a re-investment initiative for the First Ward strategy. The culminating vision included light rail transit, new retail, and recreation and education facilities supporting a series of residential precincts. Today, it’s one of the most desirable neighborhoods in the Queen City. Client Bank of America Team Glatting Jackson, Zimmerman/Volk Associates Awards ULI Award of Excellence, 2004

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Urban Neighborhoods

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ORLEANS LANDING DETROIT, MICHIGAN

Creating a new neighborhood to heal the city In 2015, there were no new projects outside of Detroitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban core. The vacant industrial riverfront was a great place to start. UDA was commissioned for master planning and architecture for a new neighborhood offering contemporary market-rate and affordable housing. In addition to guiding a client/stakeholder process in creating an implementation plan for the site uses, layouts, streets, and process spaces, UDA also designed architecture that maintained the tradition of the local character. The urban and architectural design grew distinctly from the historical and cultural assets of the East Riverfront, and the resulting mercantile and industrial elements have differentiated Orleans Landing as both special and unique in the region. UDA also produced an Implementation Plan to guide the repurposing and redevelopment of the targeted parcels and served as the lead in master planning, architectural design, and architectural illustration for Phase I.

Client McCormack Baron Salazar Awards Charter Award (Merit Award), 2016

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Urban Neighborhoods

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Urban Neighborhoods

NEW TOWNS & CITIES

Although UDA was based on reinvigorating and revitalizing existing urban neighborhoods, we quickly realized that many of the qualities of urban life in the city may, and should, be available in the development of new towns. In a combination of the traditions of the Garden City Movement and our design-by-ear process, UDA also designs new neighborhoods in rural areas or at the edge of metropolitan cities. These towns were laboratories for new techniques for building new communities, including the development of the pattern book as a tool for builders and developers. Our process and our tools are very much the same. We provide choices to the way people live and work, how they get around, and high-quality public spaces — all characteristics of great cities. New projects are developed through analysis of the planning and architecture of local precedents, and conceived within today’s builder traditions. The most renown example of this is our UDA Pattern Book® for Celebration, Florida, a new town by the Disney Company. Following the success of the Town of Seaside, in Florida’s panhandle, there was interest in testing the

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development of a new town in the marketplace. Florida was a state that had a housing market centered around views of water or golf, so it was a new market waiting to happen. Celebration was a resounding success and influenced town-making across the United States. Celebration is not UDA’s only influential project. Each of the projects on the following pages has made substantial impacts on the development patterns of the local region: •• Daybreak: An entirely new city of itself,

located on a light-rail transit line. •• Scottish Towns: An effort, spearheaded by

the Prince’s Foundation for the Built environment, designed entirely new towns in the local traditions. •• Baxter Village: One of a series of new

neighborhoods that are connected to a substantial preservation component.

New Towns & Cities

DAYBREAK SOUTH JORDAN, UTAH

Creating an entirely new city on post-industrial land Only a few decades ago, Salt Lake Valley was a largely single-family community with very few housing choices. After seeing the prospect for change, Daybreak Communities seized the opportunity to develop post-industrial land on the west bench of the Salt Lake Valley. The goal was to develop something new, including diverse housing types and a mixed-use town center oriented to light rail connections to the Valley. In 2005, UDA began working with the Daybreak team as an urban design consultant in developing a pattern book for new construction, and working directly with local builders to provide architectural design for a broad spectrum of housing products. Since then, Daybreak is recognized as one of the most desirable places to live in the Valley, and it has made an enormous impact on the local housing market. Receiving national acclaim for its sustainable environmental design strategies, Daybreak is recognized as one of the best-selling communities in the county.

Client Daybreak Communities Awards NAHB Community of the Year, Utah Smart Growth, 2011

New Towns & Cities

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New Towns & Cities

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New Towns & Cities

SCOTTISH TOWNS ABERDEENSHIRE, SCOTLAND

Patterning Scottish towns for future growth UDA, in collaboration with The Princeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Foundation for the Built Environment, conducted an Enquiry by Design process to study the expansion of Ellon, a remarkable historic town in Scotland. This public participatory process produced the first of several master plans in the region that calls for building new neighborhoods as extensions of the neighboring towns. During the public process, the communities shared the characteristics of their towns that were valuable to them, which were directly considered in both the master plans, the Ellon Pattern Book, and new UDA architecture.

Client Princeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Foundation for the Built Environment, Scotia Homes

New Towns & Cities

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New Towns & Cities

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New Towns & Cities

BAXTER VILLAGE FORT MILL, SOUTH CAROLINA

Landscape preservation in conjunction with a new town Within the Charlotte region, Fort Mill was poised for growth, but at the expense of beautiful natural land. Baxter Village is the first of several mixed-use villages as part of a comprehensive strategy that included the dedication of 2,300 acres of nature preserve. UDA prepared the Baxter Pattern Book and collaborated with the development team to produce a master plan for the town center. UDA was also commissioned to design early architecture, including the initial main street commercial buildings, the Baxter Community Center, and townhouses fronting Baxter Square. The village character is based on UDAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research of regional historic towns such as Chester and York. The streets, blocks, and civic spaces are designed to create interesting pedestrian connections to the surrounding neighborhoods and the village center.

Client Celebration Associates Team Land Design, Inc.

New Towns & Cities

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New Towns & Cities

LEGACY PLACES

Whether it be a sensitive historic setting of natural landscape or a historic town, UDA has been involved in the preservation and sensitive development of places with a long legacy. While cities have a rich urban narrative and history, so does the landscape. UDA considers these analyses carefully in working within these places. Our tools of analysis, listening, and design carefully stitch new development into a new place with the goal of enhancement of both the preservation aspects and the understanding of the whole place. To understand these places, UDA relies on our ability to draw and document a place more than any other particular project. This is evident in the projects listed on the following pages:

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•• Homestead Preserve: A pattern book and

master plan for sensitive development within the preservation of the Highland Valley. •• Chautauqua Institution: A master plan

for the expansion of a historic village in a park-like setting. •• Sewickley Heights Pattern Book: One of

a series of new neighborhoods that are connected to a substantial preservation component.

Legacy Places

HOMESTEAD PRESERVE BATH COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Preservation and development tools for a remarkable environment With new development at the doorstep of the Highland Valley, there was a chance the character of the valley would be destroyed forever. The historic character of this valley was unprotected from potential development. UDA joined the team to master plan nearly 23,000 acres, preserving over 9,000 acres of open space in a public trust. New development was proposed in less-sensitive locations. In addition to the master plan, UDA provided a pattern book for new development and architecture for a variety of residential and public buildings. The most recognizable of which is the Old Dairy Community Center, which serves as a national model for historic preservation of an unrealized asset into a contributing community structure.

Client Celebration Associates Team design workshop, timmons group, versaci neumann+partners, robert adam architects, jim samsel architects, john reagan architects, frazier associates, commonwealth associates Awards AIA PA, Certificate of Merit, 2010 AIA Pittsburgh, Certificate of Merit, 2010 ICA, Palladio Award, Old Dairy Community Center, 2008

Legacy Places

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Legacy Places

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CHAUTAUQUA INSTITUTION CHAUTAUQUA, NEW YORK

Bridging the past and the future Chautauqua Institution is one of our nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s great treasures. From its beginnings as a 19th-century Methodist summer camp, it has grown into a world-renown cultural destination. Located on the shore of Lake Chautauqua in western New York, the grounds are designed as a charming village of cottages, hotels, and assembly pavilions in a park setting. Chautauqua comes alive in the summer with thousands of events in the performing and visual arts, education, and religion. As the needs of the institution shifted toward a sustainable future, the institution commissioned UDA to prepare a master plan to manage growth across their vast land holdings and extend its mission to the other three seasons. The plan illustrates many ways the philanthropic community can contribute to its future.

Client Chautauqua Institution Team Nussbaumer & Clarke, Inc, Dennis Carmichael.

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Legacy Places

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SEWICKLEY HEIGHTS PATTERN BOOK PENNSYLVANIA

Protecting the character and value of a legendary community Much of the Borough of Sewickley Heights falls within a historic district, tucked into a diverse, historic landscape. As properties were redeveloped, the Borough recognized that its existing ordinances and approval process were not yielding developments that fit into the landscape and character. UDA was hired to develop a pattern book to take proactive steps towards maintaining and preserving that character. Best practices were incorporated into the pattern book for land development, stormwater management, renewable and passive energy standards, approval process tools, site development, grading, and building forms and types. Since adoption, the updated regulations, entitlement process, and design guidelines have protected some of the most authentic elements and places within the Heights.

Client The Borough of Sewickley Heights Team Borough of Sewickley Heights, Sewickley Heights Historic Architectural Review Board, Babst CallandGateway Engineers Awards APA Award, Excellence in Sustainability, 2015

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Legacy Places

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Legacy Places

DOWNTOWNS

As UDA started with the development of urban neighborhoods, downtowns have always remained the heart of cities and a major contributor to sense of place within the entire city. Generally, of all neighborhood types, it is the downtown that often defines a sense of place for a city, far beyond the specific borders of the neighborhood itself. Quite simply, the best downtowns have a rich mix of uses, cultural characteristics, and open space. At the same time, the design of downtowns is tricky, requiring a complex public process that interweaves broad participation with broad political and economic implications. We see these challenges as opportunities to build something extraordinary in the creation of a truly inclusive downtown for everyone. Often times, our efforts develop a new tradition of inter-governmental coordination that has influences far beyond the project boundary itself.

UDA has been involved in master planning a long list of downtown environments, including Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Huntsville, Birmingham, Greenville, Salt Lake City, Tampa Bay, Pensacola, Boca Raton, Omaha, and Nashville. Internationally, our work has extended to major capital cities such as Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and Moscow, Russia. These three examples illustrate the way in which we approach projects and create welcoming urban spaces for everyone: •• Norfolk: Over 30 years of revitalizing a

downtown, one project at a time. •• West Don Lands: Reconnecting Toronto to

the Don River. •• South Lake Union: A former industrial zone

becomes a thriving innovation district.

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Downtowns

DOWNTOWN NORFOLK VIRGINIA

Revitalizing a downtown, one project at a time Norfolk was a sleepy, southern downtown ready for revitalization. Before hiring UDA, revitalization and growth were scattered, without a unified goal. In 1989, Norfolk hired UDA to identify, communicate, and execute clear, actionable revitalization goals to rediscover and refocus on the downtown and waterfront. The result was a new momentum, catalyzing revitalization through a series of strategic investments. UDAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work included two master plan updates, a downtown pattern book, and an architectural consulting and design review. However, through the UDA process, the team connected various departments, creating cooperation toward common redevelopment goals. After years of rapid and successful restoration and development, Downtown Norfolk is now a vibrant regional center, economic engine, and quality of life destination. Furthermore, the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tax revenues have increased by nearly $2 billion, making Downtown Norfolk one of the most successful transformation stories in the United States.

Client City of Norfolk Awards ICA, Palladio Award, A Pattern Book for Norfolk Neighborhoods, 2005 CNU, Charter Award, A Pattern Book for Norfolk Neighborhoods, 2005

Downtowns

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A VISION FOR THE NEXT DECADE

NORFOLK

DOWNTOWN NORFOLK 2020: From the Ball Park to the Opera House

WATERFRONT-RELATED DEVELOPMENT

The Master Plan for 2000 established a Vision of Downtown with a continuous, interconnected environment from Harbor Park to the Opera House. This aerial view illustrates how a series of new initiatives, which build on the previous accomplishments, can make this vision a reality by 2020. Four Downtown stations for a new transit rail system will introduce an alternate mode of transportation, link the new initiatives, and contribute to the future success of Downtown.

The Downtown Waterfront will continue to be a public amenity that serves the entire City and the Region. The continuous pedestrian park will be extended to Harbor Park. Improved pedestrian crossings across Waterside Drive and other streets will serve as extensions of pedestrian routes and will better connect this park to Downtown through the following series of initiatives. Granby Connector and Hotel Conference Center: The Granby Connector will provide safe pedestrian access between Otter Berth and Downtown at the 100 block of Granby Street. Behind the

This Plan UPDATE for Downtown Norfolk continues Norfolk’s tradition of using physical planning as a primary tool for economic development. Synergy—using every project to create another—will continue to be the plan’s driving force. Public investment will continue to be used strategically to catalyze private development. Large and small projects will be coordinated with public investments to create urban spaces and districts. This UPDATE marks the beginning of a new era for Downtown. Light Rail Transit is under construction as the plan is being written. With the various issues associated with gasoline and mandates to reduce carbon emissions, the LRT system will greatly enhance Downtown’s role as the unique center of the region. Transit stations will be key focal points in Downtown’s interconnected network of pedestrian-friendly streets and public spaces. All of the needs of daily life will be within walking distance or accessible by transit, thereby reducing auto dependency. Downtown will increasingly become the destination of choice. Additional initiatives will be developed along the NET shuttle bus route. Together, these initiatives will establish all of Downtown as a TransitOriented Development. Although a series of key projects is either underway or in the planning stage, much of the area available for redevelopment is not yet ready for detailed planning. Therefore, a major focus of this UPDATE is the framework of transportation and pedestrian open space which will encourage future private investment. This UPDATE includes two initiatives which build on the success of the Waterfront, multiple new initiatives whose focus is alternative modes of transportation including Light Rail Transit. Together, these represent the completion of the renaissance of Downtown’s urban core. This UPDATE also begins the process of creating strong connections between Downtown and the neighborhoods of the City. The first step will be to overcome the physical barriers which have separated Downtown from these neighborhoods, and the next step will be to coordinate

TRANSIT-ORIENTED INITIATIVES historic buildings in that block, a hotel conference center fronting on Main Street will greatly improve Norfolk’s capacity to attract major conferences and events. East Main Street and Harbor Park: Waterfront mixed-use development and improvements to waterfront pedestrian paths and the entrance to Harbor Park will occur. This waterfront segment also includes the Ferry Landing and leads to East Main Street and the Government Center complex.

The four Downtown stations of the new Light Rail Transit system are the focus of coordinated initiatives which combine public investment in streetscape improvements with private investment in development. Government Center Station: The station is in the middle of a new Civic Green for the City. On one side, the new Courthouse will create a landmark along St. Paul’s Boulevard. On the other, City Hall, now more visible, creates a dramatic terminus for Main Street and marks the edge of a new office district that extends to Waterside Drive. The public space between the LRT station

and St. Paul’s Boulevard will include a new memorial to Commemorate the End of Massive Resistance.

with a new building, is on the west side of the Station, adjacent to the newly restored facade of the Selden Arcade.

MacArthur Station & Slover Library: The Station is the center of a public Market Square with cafés, news stands, and an information center for Downtown activity. New upgraded facilities at the MacArthur Memorial on the east side of the Station will include a book shop. The City Hall Avenue facade of MacArthur Center has new shops and is more accessible with new pedestrian crosswalks. The Slover Library, with a glass atrium connecting the Seaboard Building

Monticello Station: One block from Granby Street, the Station provides access to new mixed-use development with ground floor shops, an office tower, and residential buildings. It also provides access to MacArthur Center, which includes its mixed-use final phase, and to the Tidewater Community College. The TCC Core Campus has been completed with a new Student Center and additional academic spaces.

The Museum Station: Located at the intersection of York and Yarmouth Streets, the Station serves the Chrysler Museum and Ghent in addition to the Freemason area. The Museum’s expansion program includes facilities that will extend to Brambleton Avenue along a linear park that lines Duke Street. Largescale new apartments, hotels, and mixed-use buildings will combine with the streetscapes to create a gracious Boulevard that is easy for pedestrians to cross, thereby connecting the area north of Brambleton to the core of Downtown.

The NET Downtown shuttle bus system is the focus of a series of initiatives: Granby Street north of Brambleton will have new streetscapes, a small town square, and a series of new developments. The former Greyhound site will become a mixed-use development. Monticello Avenue will have improved streetscapes, including the edges of Scope Plaza and the Federal Courthouse, as well as a redeveloped hotel on the Radisson Hotel site.

Gra

y St.

Brambleton Ave.

Downtown efforts with the planning programs of those neighborhoods.

1980 |

Downtown was clear of blighted structures, new roads had been built, and the first new office and civic buildings in separate clusters around the new City Hall, on East Main Street, and along Brambleton Avenue at St. Paul’s Boulevard had been developed. One development, a hotel, had been built on the vacant waterfront.

1990 |

The Waterfront had become the most desirable address, with The Waterside and Town Point Park attracting visitors from all over the region and beyond. Office towers were built with waterfront views, and along Main Street. Freemason and Ghent were thriving as revitalized neighborhoods with a mix of new housing and restored historic houses.

2000 |

Downtown was restored as the primary retail center of the region with the construction of MacArthur Center, the revival of Granby Street as a retail and restaurant destination, and the repositioning of Waterside as an entertainment facility. The Tidewater Community College campus was established. Boush Street had become a residential address linking Granby Street with the Freemason area. The Waterfront was expanded with the construction of Nauticus, the berthing of the USS Wisconsin, and the completion of Harbor Park. The Norfolk Electric Transit (NET) system was in place to link all major destinations with parking facilities. The Chrysler Museum and Harrison Opera House expansions were completed, reinforcing their key roles in the region’s cultural arts.

NORFOLK CITY COUNCIL

Paul D. Fraim Mayor Anthony L. Burfoot Vice-Mayor Daun Sessoms Hester Councilwoman

2010

| The core of Downtown continued to strengthen with the construction of two major office towers, 1,000 units of high quality Downtown apartments, new retail shops, a Hotel and Conference Center, the Cruise Terminal, and the construction of the LRT system. Adjacent areas such as Freemason are being extended with new residential and hotel development to establish a presence along Brambleton Avenue. Improvements to Brambleton Avenue will make it possible to connect Downtown with the Chrysler Museum and the Opera House area as well as with Ghent. Similar improvements along St. Paul’s Boulevard are being coordinated with the planning effort for St. Paul’s Quadrant to the east.

CITY MANAGER

Regina V. K. Williams

PROJECT MANAGERS

Anne F. Odell Assistant City Manager Frank M. Duke, AICP Director of Planning

Paul R. Riddick Councilman Dr. Theresa Whibley Councilwoman

2010

C O N S U LTA N T

Urban Design Associates

Donald L. Williams Councilman Barclay C. Winn Councilman W. Randy Wright Councilman

This aerial view illustrates how the next phase of this framework and a series of new initiatives, which build on the previous accomplishments, can make this vision a reality by 2020.

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2020

Downtowns

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Downtowns

WEST DON LANDS TORONTO, ONTARIO

Reconnecting downtown Toronto to the Don River Waterfront Toronto, a public development corporation, was created to plan, design, and implement redevelopment of Toronto’s vast industrial waterfront. UDA prepared a master plan and form-based code for the West Don Lands precinct. The design team engaged the community in an extensive public planning process. Corktown Commons – a new 18-acre, $135 million civic park on the Don River – was designed with flood control devices to protect the new district and to serve as a critical component of both the river’s restoration and the creation of a major continuous greenway for the city. In 2015, the precinct served as the Athletes Village for the Pan American Games, accelerating implementation of the plan.

Client Waterfront Toronto Team Joe Lobko Architect, Inc., du Toit Allsopp Hillier, LEA Consulting, Earth Tech Canada, GHK International (Canada) Ltd. Award ULI Global Award, 2018 Toronto Architecture & Urban Design Award of Excellence, Visions and Master Plans, 2005

Downtowns

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Â© Jimmy Wu

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Downtowns

SOUTH LAKE UNION SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

Forgotten industrial zone becomes a new innovation district In the 1990s, the age of technology began to take root in Seattle. When Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen’s development company, Vulcan, sought to transform a forgotten industrial neighborhood, they turned to UDA for the master plan. Located adjacent to the downtown along the southern edge of Lake Union, UDA led a planning process for what would become one of the most dynamic innovation districts in the nation, yielding a form-based zoning strategy and a framework for building sites, improved streets, a new streetcar line, pedestrian ways, and courtyard places. The district is now a vibrant mixed-use area — home to Amazon’s HQ and countless other tech companies, as well as new mixed-income housing, restaurants, retail, hotels, and parks. UDA’s work laid the foundation for $2.85 billion total investment since 2004, generating an estimated $1.3 billion in cumulative tax revenue through 2025.

Client Vulcan, Inc. Team Glatting Jackson

Downtowns

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Downtowns

TOOLS FOR RECOVERY & RESILIENCY

As UDA’s legacy is started with public process, clients have turned to UDA to solve issues at critical points in time and shape policy for a sustainable and bright future. Our work is based on the core ideas of great city- and town-making. However, what makes our deliverables unique is the ability to convey complex concepts in a simple and easy-tofollow manner. This is most critical when the goal is to rebuild lives while simultaneously rebuilding the environment.

These three examples illustrate the variety of scales and challenges of which we have brought to bear with this service: •• A Pattern Book for Habitat for Humanity:

A tool kit for creating neighborly houses across the United States. •• Louisiana Speaks: Tools for recovery fol-

lowing Hurricanes Katrina & Rita. •• Paradise Community Recovery Plan: Setting

a policy for a resilient future.

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Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

A PATTERN BOOK FOR HABITAT FOR HUMANITY U.S. OFFICE

Tools for building neighborly houses The Institute of Classical Architecture & Art (ICA&A) and the U.S. Area Office of Habitat for Humanity International embarked upon a national collaboration with UDA to provide a pattern book. The goal was to assist affiliates in transforming their existing house designs to better fit into their communities and fulfill their social mission.Â A Pattern Book for Neighborly Houses provides both an operating manual and prototype house designs that will enable Habitat for Humanity affiliates to design houses that build strong neighborhoods and accommodate the future homeowner. The document includes Architectural Patterns for four primary styles that are found in neighborhoods across the United States.

Client Institute of Classical Architecture & Art Team LaQuatra Bonci, Wolfe Design Awards CNU Charter Award (Recognition), 2008

Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

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Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

LOUISIANA SPEAKS LOUISIANA

Tools for rebuilding following hurricanes Katrina and Rita In the wake of the destructive hurricanes of Katrina and Rita, there was an urgent need to rebuild a vast number of affected towns and villages, as well as to build entirely new communities. The challenge was to make sure that the rebuilding was achieved in the best possible way — Safer, Stronger, and Smarter — in keeping with the motto of the Louisiana Recovery Authority’s Louisiana Speaks program. The Louisiana Speaks Pattern Book provides guidance and tools for the builders who will take on this task. The Planning Toolkit aids in overall community strategies, including planning concepts, hands-on approaches, processes, techniques, and models for new development.

Client Louisiana Recovery Authority Team Jonathon Rose Companies, Inc., Enterprise Community Partners, Inc., Plus One Design + Construction, Michael Desmond Ph.D., Jay Edwards Ph.D., Steve Oubre, AIA, Katie Swenson, Suzanne Turner, FASLA, John Welch, RLA, Sid Gray, Wolfe Design, Karen Levine Awards CNU Charter Award, 2007

Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

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Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

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PARADISE COMMUNITY RECOVERY PLAN PARADISE, CALIFORNIA

Setting policy for a resilient future On the morning of November 8, 2019, the Town of Paradise and the unincorporated communities of Concow and Magalia were forever changed by the Camp Fire. It was the most destructive and deadliest wildfire in California history. The town and county immediately affirmed their commitment to rebuild. A generous gift of UDAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s planning services was given to the Town of Paradise by the Butte Strong Fund. The town-led process analyzed the impact of the fires and participated in the goals for rebuilding the town.

Client Town of Paradise, California Awards AIA Pittsburgh Unbuilt Certificate of Merit, 2019

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Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

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THE FUTURE OF CITIES Donald Carter, FAIA, FAICP

The Rockefeller Foundation defines resiliency as â&#x20AC;&#x153;the capacity of a city to survive, adapt, and grow, no matter what kinds of chronic stresses and acute shocks they experience. Shocks are typically considered single event disasters, such as fires, earthquakes, and floods. Stresses are factors that pressure a city on a daily or reoccurring basis, such as chronic food and water shortages, an overtaxed transportation system, endemic violence, or high unemployment.â&#x20AC;? When Urban Design Associates was formed in 1964, Pittsburgh had a strong economy, a vibrant downtown, and a vision for its future. Twenty years later, in 1984, Pittsburgh was in economic free fall as manufacturing jobs and industries moved to Asia. The downtown was failing, factories and mills were closing, people were leaving the city, and many neighborhoods were in decline. Gloom and despair prevailed. Similar scenarios were being played out in the US in Buffalo, Cleveland, and De-

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troit; and, in Europe in Liverpool, Rotterdam, Ruhr Valley, and Turin. In the 35 years since many of these cities have come back. There are lessons to be learned about resiliency from post-industrial cities that experienced the shock and stress of precipitous economic decline in the 1980s. The lessons can be applied to cities that may be devastated by natural disasters, war, social and ethnic conflicts, as well as those facing the impacts of climate change. Pittsburgh is perhaps the best example of the successful transformation of a post-industrial city. UDA was deeply rooted in the remaking of Pittsburgh, but our practice also encompasses regeneration projects across the U.S. and around the world. Along the way, we uncovered the strengths of post-industrial cities and extracted lessons that are applicable for resilient cities.

Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

Strengths of Post-Industrial Cities Historic neighborhoods and downtowns in post-industrial cities that were created in the late 19th and early 20th centuries have inherited a treasure trove of walkable neighborhoods and downtowns. The design, scale, and materials are usually of high quality. Unfortunately, these valuable assets have often been neglected, even partially abandoned. But the streets and utilities remain in place, a valuable and cost-efficient resource, especially when contrasted with the cost of constructing new infrastructure for greenfield development. Existing buildings, whether occupied or vacant, whether historic or not, are another resource for sustainable and resilient redevelopment. The saying goes, “The greenest building is the one already built.” Universities and Medical Centers The economic transformation and diversification of post-industrial cities depended a great deal on the presence of universities and medical centers as their economies moved from basic manufacturing to technology and service. Not only are universities and medical centers usually the biggest employers in town, but they are also the source of entrepreneurial activity and the creation of new companies. In addition, faculty, staff, and students provide a constantly replenishing source of talent to fuel economic activity.

ing endowments and committed local support that kept them viable even during economic downturns. Quality of life depends on preserving these assets. Vacant Land and Adaptable Buildings Vacant land and buildings are usually viewed negatively only as indicators of blight and decline. However, the rehabilitation and adaptive use of idle industrial land and vacant commercial and residential buildings are valuable building blocks for regeneration when combined with the re-use of existing infrastructure. Resilience and Talent of the People Not everyone left post-industrial cities in the US and Europe when the cities went into steep decline in the ‘80s. Of course, there was a significant brain drain as professionals and skilled craftsmen sought fresh starts in other cities, but others stayed and provided the leadership for the city’s redevelopment. Lessons Learned from Post-Industrial Cities In the last 35 years, many post-industrial cities in the U.S. and Europe have built on the strengths listed above and transformed themselves after economic collapse. What are the lessons learned from UDA’s practice, and from other global cities, that can be applied to resilient cities?

Parks and Cultural Amenities Parks, zoos, museums, concert halls, and other cultural amenities were created during the boom times of post-industrial cities, often funded by industrialists and private foundations. Many of these amenities have sustain-

Epilogue Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

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It Takes Time Transformation does not occur overnight. The UDA plan for the Ohio River riverfront in Cincinnati, Ohio was published in 1996. Now, 23 years later, the plan is almost complete with two stadiums, 15 acres of mixed-use development between the stadiums, and a major riverfront park. Turin, Italy, lost its automobile and steel industries in the 1980s, but it has come back on the strength of its technical university and engineering culture. The 2006 Torino Winter Olympics was a major impetus to regeneration of the central city that also boosted tourism. Be Bold, Take Risks In 2002 UDA was commissioned by the Vulcan Company to prepare a master plan for 30 blocks of downtown Seattle, known as South Lake Union. At the time, the district was undeveloped with a declining mix of low-density industrial uses. Other parts of the city offered better potential for investment, but Vulcan, who owned much of the district, took a gamble on a master development plan. Today, South Lake Union includes the headquarters of Amazon and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as millions of square feet of new residential and commercial development, including a trolley that links the district to the downtown core. Similarly, in Bilboa, Spain, risky municipal investment in 1997 to build the Guggenheim Museum designed by Frank Gehry led to the transformation of the riverfront and the revitalization of the downtown. Invest in Culture and Heritage UDA was commissioned in 1997 by the City of Minneapolis to prepare the Downtown Minneapolis and Industry Square Master

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Plan. The district at the time was mostly surface parking lots and abandoned flour mills, grain elevators, and train sheds. Today the Mill District has emerged as a historical and cultural center of Minneapolis. Many of the original buildings have been converted into offices, hotels, loft apartments, a skating rink, and the Mill City Museum. In 2006, the famed Guthrie Theater moved to the Mill District. Similarly in Liverpool, England, the derelict Albert Dock was renovated in 1988 with a museum, apartments, restaurants, and commercial development. This was the catalyst for the regeneration of the central city, including the Beatles Story Museum and the Tate Liverpool. Liverpool was named the European City of Culture in 2008. Citizen Engagement and Leadership are Important UDA has completed hundreds of community plans in the U.S. and globally, all with significant public engagement processes, beginning with our pioneering work in the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;60s. Such processes have become standard in the U.S. and Europe, and increasingly so in developing countries. Citizen participation is critical for the regeneration of cities and neighborhoods that are in economic distress or are in the aftermath of disasters. It is especially important to reach out to and include underserved and disenfranchised populations. However, without committed and responsible leadership by government officials, non-profit organizations, and businesses, these redevelopment plans will be stillborn. Great leadership, in combination with authentic public participation, led to the success of the projects described above in the U.S. and Europe.

Epilogue Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

PUBLICATIONS Urban Design Associates, Author •• The Architectural Pattern Book. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Palm Beach:

The American-Mediterranean World of Addison Mizner. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2007.

•• The Urban Design Handbook. New York:

W.W. Norton & Company, 2003.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Passages De Paris:

des Mondes Caches. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2006.

•• The Urban Design Handbook. Second

Edition. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Pienza: Dream

City. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2000.

David Lewis, Author •• Brandegee Useable Art. Lewis, 2008

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Portici, Cortilie

e Balconi di Biella. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2008.

•• Byzantine Butterflies. New York: Overlook

Press, 1995.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Urbino: Palazzo

•• Constantin Brancusi. London: Alec Tiranti,

come Città, Città come Palazzo. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2005.

1957. •• End Beginning. Johannesburg: Constantia,

in Great Britain. London: Alec Tiranti, New York: Universe Books, and Stuttgart: Karl Kramer Verlag, 1961. •• Piet Mondrian. London: Faber and Faber,

1956. •• Terry Frost; A Personal Narrative. London:

Scolar Press, 1994. •• Thaddeus Mosley: African-American

Sculptor. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Museum of Art, 1997. •• The Naked Eye. Capetown: Paul Koston,

1946 •• and Peter Batchelor. Urban Design in

Action. North Carolina State University School of Design and the American Institute of Architects, 1983. •• Warren Mackenzie: American Potter. Tokyo

and New York: Kodansha International, 1991.

Publications Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

Seaside: Commentaries and Observations on a City of Ideas, 11–13. Rizzoli, 2008. •• Osth, Eric. “A Gift to the Profession

of Architecture.” In Views of Seaside: Commentaries and Observations on a City of Ideas, 131–33. Rizzoli, 2008. •• Urban Design Associates. “Queensgate II

Tower Center.” In Process: Architecture No. 3, 69-82. Rizzoli, 1977. •• Urban Design Associates. “Types I &

V — Mixed Use.” In Visions of Seaside: Foundation/Evolution/Imagination : Built & Unbuilt Architecture, 475-491. Rizzoli, 2013.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: St. Petersburg:

1945. •• and Hansmartin Bruckman. New Housing

•• Gindroz, Ray. “A City of Ideas.” In Views of

David Lewis, Editor •• and Gregory, Jules. “Making Democracy Work.” In Process: Architecture No. 3, 9-34. Rizzoli, 1977.

A Water City. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 1997. •• The Place of Dwelling. London: The Prince’s

Foundation, 2008

•• Remaking Cities. University of Pittsburgh

Press, 1989. •• The Growth of Cities. London: Paul Elek,

New York: Wiley, 1970. •• The Old Triangle. Pittsburgh: Urban Design

Associates, 1977. •• The Pedestrian in the City. New York: Van

Nostrand, 1966. •• Urban Structure. London: Elek Books, 1968.

Don Carter, Editor •• Remaking Post-Industrial Cities: Lessons from North America and Europe. Routledge, 2016. Selected Articles by UDA Partners •• UDA Architects. “Neighborhoods By Design.” Progressive Architecture, June 1992.

•• Seaside Pienza Institute Travel Tours •• Pienza, Italy, 2003 •• Bath, United Kingdom, 2004

Ray Gindroz, Author •• Pages from a Sketchbook: A Code for the Louvre. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2005.

Selected Chapters by UDA Partners •• Gindroz, Ray. “Block, Street, and Building: Twenty One.” In Charter of the New Urbanism, 133–137. McGraw Hill, 2000.

•• Pages from a Sketchbook: Palais Royal:

•• Gindroz, Ray. “Studies in Visual Structure

D’un Lieu Public. Ray & Marilyn Gindroz Foundation, 2004.

Selected Conferences •• Confluences: Theories of Public Spaces and the Architecture of Urban Design Associates, Frick Gallery, Contemporary Art Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977, University of Pittsburgh, 1976

for Urban Environments.” In Urban Structure, 203-225. Elek Books, 1968.

•• Paris, France, 2006 •• Remaking Cities Congress, Pittsburgh,

Pennsylvania, 1988, 2013 •• UDA@Fifty, Carnegie Museum of Art,

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 2014

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Tools For Recovery & Resiliency

The work of Urban Design Associates

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