World of Glass Issue 115

ISSUE 115 ΙΝTERNATIONAL Μεσογείων 419, Αγ.Παρασκευή, 153 43, Αθήνα Τηλ./Fax:210-6000419, URL:www.worldofglass.gr, e-mail:info@worldofglass.gr

SPECIAL EDITION 2013

ΙΝTERNATIONAL 419 Mesogion Av, Agia Paraskevi, P.C.153 43, ATHENS-HELLAS Τel./Fax:+30-210-6000419, Site:www.worldofglass.gr, e-mail:info@worldofglass.gr

SAFETY GLASS INDUSTRY 28 8 Οktovriou u Str.,, Vasiliko o Halkidas,, Εvia,, Greece Tel.:: +30-22210-52607 7 & 53607 7 Fax:: +30-22210-- 542 278,, e-mail:info@vasglass.gr,, web b site:: www.vasglass.gr

for r you u who o wish to o advertise your r company now w you u can n through our r pages

Vitrum m 2013 Halll 22 Standd C21

Exclusive e representative e forr GREECE/CYPRUS// ALBANIA// FYROM GARIFALLOU GROUPP Industrial area of Thessaloniki Entrance C, P.C.57400, SINDOS, HELLAS Τel.:+30-2310-77 77 77, Fax:+30-2310-77 77 78 e-mail:info@garifallou.gr

Completee rangee off machines forr thee cuttingg off laminated d glass forr everyy need

...now w withh low-ee deletionn 535 AVL/37/46/60 535 AVM/37/46/60

520/LAM 520/37 LAM 520/46 LAM

545 VSX/37/46/60 545 VMX/37/46/60 560 VLS/XY 535 VLS/XYZ

511/37 LAM 511/46 LAM BOTTERO S.p.a.-121000 Cuneo-Italy-- viaa Genovaa 82 Τel:+399 01711 310611,, Fax:: +399 01711 401611,flatglass.ssales@bottero.com

Exclusive representative for GREECE/CYPRUS/ ALBANIA/ FYROM GARIFALLOU GROUP Industrial area of Thessaloniki, Entrance C, P.C.57400, SINDOS, HELLAS Τel.:+30-2310-77 77 77, Fax:+30-2310-77 77 78, e-mail:info@garifallou.gr

Chr. Garyfallou S.A. has for sale the following 2nd hand machinery

**GREAT OPPORTUNITY, exceptional price! NEW automatic cutting table max. cutting size 22750χ3650 BOTT TERO 352LMT EVO R, con. year 2010. The price includes the fastest low-e grinding wheel in the world: grinding 160m/min και cutting 200m/min. Also includes shape scanner, auto pressure control, quick shuut off air valve, vinyl cutter, 1 additional breaking bar and of course Guarantee 12 of months.

1. Edging machine for sale 8 spindle BOTTERO 108F construction year 2001 completely reconstructed 2011, excellent condition, Guarantee 6 months.

2. Edging machine for sale 8 spindle BOTTERO 108F model 2001, very good condition.

3. Edging machine for sale 6 spindle BAVELONI GEMY 6 construction year 2004 excellent condition.

4. Edging machine for sale 11 spindle BAVELONI VR1114 construction year 2000 very good condition.

5. Billaterale edging machine for sale, P3 busseti/INTERMAC WITH 6 PERIFERAL WHEELS 6 (3+3) MAX WIDTH on.

1400mm. Ideal machine for big volume of same size pieces of glass. Construction year 1999, very good conditio 6. Edging machine for sale 10 spindle BOTTERO 110F construction year 2007 with extended in feed and out feed conveyors (ideal for edging very long pieces of glass), excellent condition.

7. Edging machine for sale 4 spindle VITRΟDOTI construction year 2006 excellent condition, ideal for limited space shop.

8. Bevelling machine for sale 9+1 spindle BOVONE construction year 1989.

9.Laminate cutting table for sale BOTTERO 551Α cutting length 4600mm construction year1998 very good condition, high speed heating element. Optional, 6meter long tilting/breaking table with aiir cushion BOTTERO 101BBM J to be used as loading/handling/breaking table, construction year 2005.

10. Shape cutting table for sale, max cutting size 2750χ3650mm BOTTERO 352BCS-R con. year 2008. The table has been installed and operated ONLY for 3 months, full options included, Guarantee 6 month hs.

11. Shape cutting table for sale, max cutting size 6100χ3300 INTERMAC FOX con. year 2003, very good condition, mirror cutting possibility (for lami cutting) lean to device, laser shape scanneer included.

12. Straight cutting table for sale 6100χ3210 BOTTERO 131BMK J con. year 1997 good condition.

13. Straight cutting table for sale 6100χ3210 BOTTERO 131BMK J con. year 1999 good condition.

14. Straight cutting table for sale 6100χ3210 BOTTERO 331BKM J con. year 2004 mirror cutting possibility (for lami cutting) lean to device, laser shape scanner included, in excelllent condition.

15. Shape cutting table for sale, max cutting 6100χ3300 BOTTERO 352BCS J con. year 2003, very good condition 1 additional breaking bar, mirror cutting possibility (for lami cutting), lean to o device, laser shape scanner, laser squaring, 6months guarantee, very good condition.

16. Shape cuttting table for sale, max cutting 6100χ3300 BOTTERO 352BCS J con. year 2005 excellent condition, Ι additional breaking bar, mirror cutting possibility (for lami cutting), lean to device, laser shape scanner, laser squaring, glass transport to breaking table from left to right,, 6months guarantee. Optional breaking tilting table with air cushion construction year 2005.

17. Worrking center for sale CNC 5 axis, INTERMAC MASTER BEVEL 2001 very good condition 18. Stainless steel washing machine for sale, workable height 2000mm, con. year 2006, very good condition with soft/low-e brushes, along with hot melt sealing machine.

19. Stainless steell washing machine for sale, workable height 2500mm con. year 2005 very good condition 20. Stainless steel washing line for sale, workable height 2500mm con. year 2008 almost new, A LIFETIME OPPORTUNITY. 21 Stainless steel washing machine for sale, workable height 1600mm con. year 2001 good condition.

22. Stainless steel washing line for sale, max size 2100χ3500 with FRAME PRESS ans soft brushes along with hot melt machine ALLMOST NEW. 23. Thiocole extruder bi – component 25kgr , con. year 2003, in very good condition Communication: +306974 939301 V. GARYFALLOU www.prismaglass.gr

16

World of Glass October 2013

Being g firstt hass itss advantages In 2004 Keraglass was the first in the world to create the furnace with pre-heating chamber KFO DOUBLE STAR. In 2013 Keraglass still keeping the leadership

Withoutt heart wee wouldd be justt machines

2013 Halll 244 – Boothh M21

Keraglasss Engineering g Srl Via Sassagattone 7/b42031 Baiso RE, Italy Tel.:+39 0522 99 30 27 Fax.: +39-0522 99 30 30 info@keraglass.com www.keraglass.com

wee onlyy use europeann materials

Exclusivee representativee forr GREECE E & CYPRUS GARIFALLOU GROUP P

Industrial area of Thessaloniki,Entrance C, P.C.57400,SINDOS, HELLAS Τel.:+30-2310-77 77 77 Fax:+30-2310-77 77 78 e-mail:info@garifallou.gr

Exclusive e representative e forr GREECE/CYPRUS// ALBANIA// FYROM M GARIFALLOU GROUPP Industrial area of Thessaloniki, Entrance C, P.C.57400, SINDOS, HELLAS Τel.:+30-2310-77 77 77, Fax:+30-2310-77 77 78, e-mail:info@garifallou.gr

Contents 16

Company’s Announsement

International Conference

ANNUAL SPECIALL EDITION The World of Glass Magazine in Hellenic version is published every two months.

It is the only one HELLENIC GLASS MAGAZINE. The special edition in English language «The World of Glass International» is published once a year.

GPD

22-27

Publisher/Owner VICKY KASTANIAS Editoriall and d Advertisingg Offices: 4199 Mesogionn Av.,, P.C.. 1533 43 Agiaa Paraskevi,, Athens.. HELLAS Tel./Fax::: +30-210-6000419 Mobile:: +30-6944-290584 URL:http://www.worldoffglass.gr e-mail:: info@worldofglass.gr

28-39

CONTINUOUSS INNOVATION Written by Scott Thomsen President of Global Flat Glass Group of Guardian Industries Corp.

Printed d by ILIANTHOS Τel.:+30-210-2388556

All rights reserved. Reproduction even partially in any form is strictly prohibited unless written permission has first been obtained from the publisher. The editor’s office does not accept responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles.

20

World of Glass October 2013

40-49 Byy Georgee Christie A Greek architect honnoring his ancestry

50-53 COMPANIES: CRYSTALLA A VASILIOU U LTD

COMPANIES

62-63

54-61

COMPANIES: Glasss Systemss and d accessories

64-87 Glasss sailss abovee a seaa off forest FONDATION N LOUISS VUITTON,, PARIS

88-92 JORMA A VITKALA of the year 2013

21

World of Glass October 2013

”An excellent concept vital for development”

22

World of Glass October 2013

Mr Arto Metsanen, C.E.O. and President of the Glaston Corporation

Mr Jorma Vitkala, Chairman of the Organizing Committee GPD

Mr Scott Thomsen, President of the Global Flat Glass Group for Guardian Industries Corp.

Mrs Anna-Kaisa Ikonen, The Mayor of Tampere

Mr Dan Futter, Vice President of Mr Kelly Schuller, CEO, Viracon Dow Corning’s Hish Perfomance Building Solutios & Solar Solutions World of Glass business October 2013

23

T

The 2013 Glass Performance Days Conference in June continued its successful tradition as a world leading specialist forum.

A total of 500 professionals gathered to attend 150 specialist presentations and close to 20 special workshops. The Conference theme Glass Technology, Design and Sustainability covered a broad spectrum including some sessions particularly designed for architects.

-The GPD attracted a truly high level of attendants, comments Jorma Vitkala, Chairman of the Organizing Committee. The advanced technical program and the opportunities for specialists to meet face to face with lecturers and other participants were the key success factors of the Conference.

The value of the Conference was well crystallized

in a comment from one of the workshop participants: -Personally I appreciated leading workshops, persons with experience of glass and open, enquiring minds enable the exchange of ideas and opinions going into considerable depth. I always come away from the workshops knowing more than when I went in, says Mr John Colvin, consultant and member of several British, European and ISO glass standard committees.

24

World of Glass October 2013

G.P.D. AWARDS

25

World of Glass October 2013

Thee GPD D concept A survey conducted among attendants produced several interesting comments on the scope and development of the Conference.

-The opportunity for research, manufacturing and products to meet and align expectations is an important and fertile breeding ground for expectations. A focus on the future rather than on the past is a key message to get out to the audience, comments one participant.

-The GPD is an excellent source of information on the latest advancements in the glass industry.

It is also an excellent resource to network with old and new colleagues and gain the necessary information to bring back to oneΪs everyday work�, states another participant.

-The GPD Finland is the centre of the global glass industry and the essential event to attend if one wants to be taken seriously as a knowledgeable person in glass, says a nine-time attendant.

-Very good for networking, good technical level and good combination of presentations and free time, not to mention the entertainment and good location, says a seven-times participant.

The comments received in the survey among participants also included suggestions for development ranging from improving accessibility, ensuring a high-level of presentations, avoiding excess commercialism and adding a peer-reviewed scientific stream of papers alongside the essential streams that are more in the spirit of sharing experience and opinion among participants.

-The development ideas are very valuable to us as we want to develop the concept and create a conference that really meets the requirements of the delegates�, says Jorma Vitkala.

26

World of Glass October 2013

Thee Glasss Trainingg Network k – a novell concept The Glass Training Network concept for learning was addressed at a special workshop. The general feel was that the concept is intriguing and offers many opportunities. It was also felt that there was a need for serious development of the idea and a great willingness to participate was displayed. It was felt to be particularly important as a way of transferring accumulated senior know-how within the industry to new generations of specialists.

-Ideally the Glass Training Network would provide the arena for those participating to understand the fundamentals of glass as a material and how it is used. It should then provide access to the technology that surrounds the material in terms of potential specialist applications�, says Jorma Vitkala.

Information n and d documentation The GPD proceedings are documented in the specialist portal www.glassfiles.com and as before the organizers also publish the Conference presentations in an extensive special printed booklet. For access to this complete source contact the organizers at www.gpd.fi and secure your own copy.

For additional information and comments , contact the organizers at Mr Jorma Vitkala, Chairman, Glass Performance Days Vehmaistenkatu 5, FIN-33 730 Tampere, Finland Telephone +358 3 372 3216, Fax +358 3 372 3180, Mobile +358 40 553 2042 E-mail: jorma.vitkala@glassfiles.com http://www.gpd.fi

27

World of Glass October 2013

Written by Scottt Thomsen President of Global Flat Glass Group of Guardian Industries Corp.

28

Continuous Innovation World of Glass October 2013

Chihulyy Garden n and d Glasss Location: Seattle, Washington, United States Building Type: Educational n SunGuard d SuperNeutrall 622 Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: Artwork Š Copyright, Chihuly Studio, 2012, all rights reserved. Photo by Benjamin Benschneider

How Great Companies Renew and Refresh Thiss articlee wass firstt presented d att thee Internationall Congresss off Glass Glasss Perfomancee Days,, Tampeere,, Finland,, Junee 13-155 2013.

29

World of Glass October 2013

Burjj Khalifaa Location: Dubai, UAE Building Type: Mixed Use n SunGuard Glass Type: Guardian Solarr Silverr 200 Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

Ε

(Editor’s Note: This article is an edited version of the keynote speech by Scott Thomsen, president of the Guardian Global Flat Glass Group, to open the 2013 Glass Performance Days technical conference in Tampere, Finland. It has been edited for length and clarity.

“Clock Speed” is from the book of the same name by Charles Fine and refers to the speed in which an industry changes to meet new challenges).

30

World of Glass October 2013

Every industry comes to certain crossroads that determine its future. Many have studied transportation and telecommunications to name just a few. That makes step change innovation and the clock speed of the glass industry timely issues for us today. We must realize that we are not in a state of temporary turbulence. We are in a very different place than we were years ago when glass consumption and kilograms per person were growing at a rapid rate. Many world markets today such as North America and the European Union are either holding steady or in decline.

So as fabricators, glaziers, architects, and glass companies, how do we make money?

How do we fulfill the industry’s untapped

potential? It all starts with innovation.

Glass is a fabulous building material. People love glass; architects love to design with glass.

Glass is everywhere. But there is increasing pressure on the use of glass. This comes at a time when we have adopted what I call an incrementalism view on innovation in the glass industry. When you compare our industry to others, you’ll see that many have made rapid transformations while the glass industry has been very incremental. If this doesn’t change, there will be less glass used in façades in the future I call this the “battle for the wall” and in order to maintain our space “in the wall, “we have to create greater value through the

I.Lab b Location: Bergamo, Italy Building Type: Educational d SN N 51/288 HT T Glass Type: SunGuard Photo Credit: Daniele Domenicali

31

World of Glass October 2013

600 Holburn n Viaductt Location: London, England Building Type: Office n SunGuard d SNX X 60/288 Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: KPF Architects

entire chain. And we need a faster industry clock speed.

With our current speed of meaningful innovations every 15 to 20 years, we risk being an industry that does not profitably thrive long term. There are key indicators that reveal where an industry is at any point in time.

We all know about global recessionary conditions. We all know that energy costs in many countries continue to rise, along with a strong interest in more sustainable buildings, both of which put pressure on the performance of glass in facades. In short, energy codes are threatening to tighten at a faster rate than we are innovating.

We need to realize that serious competitors to

glass are brick, stone, and other solid surface building materials that reduce the overall window to wall ratio.

There is an ever-pressing need to demonstrate payback on innovation. A lot of buildings start with great innovations, which are “costed out” because the return on investment is insufficient.

Residential and commercial facades consume some 70 to 75 percent of glass. This is an industry that is very dependent on the window to wall ratio (WWR) and no one in it benefits from a reduction of the ratio. In fact, let’s look at the impact of the WWR on the business. A typical building façade today has about 40 percent WWR, some 40 percent

32

World of Glass October 2013

Skyy Towerr Location: Bucharest, Romania Building Type: Office d HP P Brightt Green n 40/29,, SunGuard d SN Glass Type: SunGuard 511 /28,, SunGuard d SN N 40/233 Photo Credit: Andrei Creanga

of the building is window, 60 percent is wall. As a primary glass company, we need to migrate from thinking in terms of metric tons to surface area. When you look at a building and see a one meter squared opening don’t just say, that’s one meter square. No, there are two pieces of glass, four surfaces -- four square meters to add value.

As the market goes to triple glazing, you have three pieces of glass and 6 square meters to add value. It’s very important that we look at the WWR and the available surface area where we can add value to the glass.

In the U.S. there is ASHRAE, there is IECC, and there is NFRC. Since 1998, U-factor codes are tightening. That drives requirements for new coatings, new insulated glass technology, and changes in sash, frame and curtain wall design.

We are now being compared to steel and wood -solid surface walls.

The U.S. government wants to change the WWR on the prescriptive path from 40 percent to 30 percent. That would cost us 25 percent in facade glass. This is occurring in part because we achieve our improvements using magnetron sputtered coatings: Single silver, double silver, and triple silver. But that is merely incremental and the gap we have with the other building materials

Federall Centerr South h Buildingg Location: Seattle, Washington, United States Building Type: Government/Public Safety n SunGuard d SuperNeutrall 622 Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: Benjamin Benschneider

33

World of Glass October 2013

Zebraa Towerr Location: Warsaw, Poland Building Type: Office d SN N 62/344 Glass Type: SunGuard Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

is still too great. Therefore, we need step change innovation. This isn’t just a U.S. issue; I’ve seen it in parts of Europe as well as India, Brazil and Malaysia.

So what does a building look like if you go to 10 or 20 percent? The windows become smaller, there are more strip windows. There is less curtain wall and the building is more characterized by concrete and stone. There are architects around the world who are migrating to this path with the intent to get a greener building by using less glass.

We have glass innovations that have been around awhile and have lived in the labs.

But the glass supply chain contains a challenge on how we get these technologies and

products commercialized.

Consider a few examples of technologies that are very near commercialization with the step change challenge being the price point. A glass company may launch electrochromic but it may not be supported by fabricators or glaziers or installers.

When one looks at electrochromic, what does each channel level have to do to extract its value? It can’t cost $100 a square foot, has to be reasonable. But as manufacturing costs come down, the industry has to decide how to do a new “fit/form/function” into the façade opening.

When you look at our history we don’t like to change anything. First it was two pieces of

34

World of Glass October 2013

Palaiss Quartierr Location: Frankfurt, Germany Building Type: Office n SunGuard d High h Selectivee 62/344 Glass Type: Guardian and d Guardian n SunGuard d High h Selectivee 70/441 Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

clear, then we added coatings, then we went to warming spacers then we added argon.

That’s incrementalism. The industry is very good at a little bit of added value but it becomes a “cost plus” structure. We are not extracting value and are leaving massive untapped profit potential on the table.

There are technologies that exist today such as electrochromics, vacuum insulated glass, vacuum insulated panels, and building integrated photovoltaics, that should represent what innovators strive for.

Another challenge is the glass industry clock speed of 15 to 20 years between major changes in innovation. When you look at semiconductors they have one year. Look at smartphones, which have major changes every year. The automotive industry is 5 to 7, pharmaceuticals, 10 to 12. Glass is comparable to timber, steel, and aluminum. Glass is too sexy to be lumped with timber! And if we evolve over 15 to 20 years and the codes are

Mercyy Corpss Location: Portland, Oregon, United States Building Type: Office n SunGuard d SuperNeutrall 688 Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: Jeff Amram Photography

35

World of Glass October 2013

changing in 4 to 5, at some point we are not going to be able to incrementally innovate enough to keep up with the code changes! We are not innovating at a fast enough rate.

But you can’t do step change innovation without a new clock speed for the full value chain.

We are working on a vacuum insulated glass.

We can’t do VIG by ourselves, we need equipment partners, material partners - supply chain partners from raw materials all the way to the end user: a continuum of support and people that are invested both financially and administratively in the process. We also need simultaneous product design. Industry players can’t stay in silos, the glass companies off in their R&D centers, the sealant companies off innovating in their corner and everybody wants to hold exclusive value to themselves. Going forward, product, equipment, process and supply chain all need to

innovate together and create value at each level of the chain.

Flat glass dates to 400 AD. We went to rolled plate glass in the 1840s then to machine drawn glass in the early 1900s and the float process in the 1950s. Then, pyrolytic became mainstream in the 70s, sputtered coating in the 80s. Over 2000 years, this is what we’ve done. And how long do we think we can ride sputter coatings? When you go from pyrolytic coatings, to sputtered, it’s solar heat gain versus visible light transmission. We went without silver, then to single silver, then to double silver, and now triple silver. When you go to 4 silvers, you reach the point of diminishing returns. So how does the industry improve on mere incremental gain?

We have to determine what happens after sputter coatings. It’s the same story in fenestration. We had monolithic glass and then

Omahaa Methodistt Women'ss Hospitall Location: Omaha, Nebraska, United States Building Type: Healthcare/Hospital n SunGuard d Royall Bluee 400 and Glass Type: Guardian Guardian n SunGuard d SuperNeutrrall 688 Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

36

World of Glass October 2013

SickKidss Centree forr Research h and d Learningg Location: Toronto, Ontario, Canada Building Type: Healthcare/Hospital n SunGuard d Neutrall 50..

Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

the first double glaze roughly in the 1930s. In the 60s we added the box spacer followed in the 70s by adding argon gas and then in 80s and 90s went to triple glazing. I call this group force innovation where we have a piece of glass and then add a second one. Then we change the spacer and coatings and go to triple glaze. The units become heavier, costs go up and industry wonders about that next step?

Let’s look at another industry example, one that uses a lot of glass, by the way: the smartphone.

This industry had a similar clock speed to glass until recently. Then they realized that there is more potential to a phone than just making a point to point call. What’s happened to the phone from 1980 until now? The clock speed continues to accelerate. Thirty years ago people didn’t envision they would

be taking pictures with their phone, or sending emails, making dinner reservations or organizing meetings. This industry increased its value 20x because of what it perceived it could be. The phone business change wasn’t just Nokia or Motorola or Apple, it was the supply chain. You needed semiconductor devices, you needed new software, you needed cell phone towers. The whole supply chain worked together and everybody won in this process. This is our challenge: how do the industry channels work together to increase the value of glass in the building?

It’s doable. I could have chosen another of some 15 industries that in the last 50 years have transformed. Glass can, too. But this is the time for step change innovation.

There is good book called “The Wide Lens”

by Ron Adner at Dartmouth Business School.

He writes about how a company might be

37

World of Glass October 2013

Heiferr Internationall Location: Little Rock, Arkansas, United States Building Type: Office n SunGuard d SuperNeutrall 688 Glass Type: Guardian Photo Credit: Timothy Hursley

strong and good at execution. We have a very strong execution focus in this industry. The problem is our peripheral vision is pretty bad, we don’t think about what co-innovation is required in the adoption chain in terms of accepting new technology? In phones, if you just developed the digital phone, but didn’t install cell phone towers, then you wouldn’t be able to sell product. If you developed the Android operating system but didn’t add functionality, you wouldn’t be able to sell the software. The amount of industry collaboration required for the phone is mind boggling.

Our channel is not that complicated. The glass company sells to a fabricator who sells

to a glazier who sells to the general contractor and it’s installed in a design from the architect. The smart phone industry has almost 25 steps in its value chain while we have 5 to 6 levels. We should be able to innovate at a much faster pace than many industries. But it requires commitment at each level of the channel.

When you look at the adoption chain risk, there can be huge value for the owner and the developer, for example. But what happens if it is a negative for the glazier whose costs go up and their margins decrease? Is the glazier going to be interested in migrating to electrochromic if he makes less money?

No. Everyone in the chain, us included, has

38

World of Glass October 2013

Universityy off Michigan n C.S.. Mottt Children'ss Hospitall Location: Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States Building Type: Healthcare/Hospital n SunGuard d Neutrall 400 and d Guardian n Su unGuard Glass Type: Guardian SuperNeutrall 688 Photo Credit: Courtesy of Guardian

to avoid eating the entire margin. There must be enough value in the chain to enable all the players to adopt the new technology and deliver its value to the end user or the consumer. We need to build industry partners and be able to commercialize new technology.

Let’s look at the electrochromic example again. The glass producer can make the best electrochromic glass but if we don’t have the right sealant properties we can’t sell it. If we don’t have good fabricator solutions for the wiring connection, we are not going to sell.

So electrochromic will never become a viable technology unless everybody in the chain is willing to invest to extract that value.

In conclusion, we must understand who the industry competition is. And we must understand that an incrementalism approach offers only temporary advantage. We need to create value at each step of the adoption chain.

We really need to eliminate the co-adoption and co-invention risk in this industry via partners.

At Guardian, we are looking hard to find the

right equipment, people, raw material suppliers, and the right entities in the business that can help us get to market faster. We focus on our “time to market”. We don’t want to be launching new products every 15 to 20 years.

We want to be coming out with meaningful innovation every 5 to 7 years.

The other thing is we need to increase the industry clock speed through R&D spending and alignment on critical drivers.

Incremental evolution will never go away because we have to pay the bills. But if we only depend on incrementalism and do not implement step change innovation, we will see a reduction in the WWR and sell less glass.

Let’s all consider how we can do a better job of taking those ideas, those kernels of innovation and get to where we can walk down the street and see innovation in each building we pass. There may be a battle going on for the wall but it is one we can win by working together.

39

World of Glass October 2013

A GREEK K ARCHITECT T HONNORING G HIS S ANCESTRY

41

World of Glass October 2013

OYSTERRRESORT

T

The work of the internationally recognized Greek Architect George Christie is characterized by a unique trueness in their composition. Τhe elevated aesthetic of the form sprigs from the study of the functionality and the exposition of the bearing structure as the main artistic factor. The sculptural and engineering talent of Mr. Christie, together with his knowledge of the new materials and the use of contemporary technology, have placed him in the forum of leading Architects.

George Christie is a rare phenomenon of a man who has excelled in all the Fine Arts.

Apart from been an Architect, he is also Painter, Sculptor, Musician, Tenor, and Actor) with parallel studies and many lectures in the field of existential and humanistic philosophy. That allows him a wider view of the artistic events and their socio-cultural extensions.

We present two of his creations in the present issue.

OYSTER R RESORT The Oyster Resort is located in Dubai on a 3000 m long, 500 m wide and 50 m high sea front hill, on a 300.000 m2 plot.

It takes its name from the shape of the marine city that resembles an oyster.

The marine city is 2 km wide by 2 km long and is organized in 12 branches of 40 villas each with 10 external marinas.

This shape allows the enclosed sea to be free

from yacht circulation, pollution and noise, providing a safe and clean environment for swimmers.

The seven star hotel has 45 storey’s, a height of 275 meters and a total surface of 232.000 M2 and it is comprised of: 1600 double bed suites of 60 m2 each, 90 suites of 110 m2 each, 40 suits of 180 m2 each, 16 suits of 340 m2 each, 2 king-suits of 1100 m2 each, 36000 m2 above ground communal and commercial areas.

18000 m2 below the ground areas in 12 storey’s.

The entrance is at the top of the hill on the 15th floor.

Upon entering the visitor finds himself inside a void pyramid 100m by 100m by 100m high.

Inside the void are shops, restaurants, cafes, gardens, water exhibits, galleries and aquariums.

On the terrace space of the 15th floor there are two pools of 2360 m2 each, with 2000 m2 gardens, bars and restaurants around.

The surroundings are decorated with 250.000 m2 of gardens, water parks, sports installations and a helipad.

Within the enclosed lagoons of the unique sea, is built a resort city made of: 272 villas averaging 500 m2 each with a private garden and beach.

10 Marinas for 400 yachts.

100.000 m2 of gardens and 10.000 m2 of entertainment spaces in the central Party-Island.

70.000.000 m2 of filtered sea water in the lagoons.

42

World of Glass October 2013

43

World of Glass October 2013

IRAQ Q MINISTRY Y OF F TRANSPORTATION N OFFICES S

& CENTRAL L BUS S TERMINAL L IN N BAGHDAD

45

Woeld of Glass October 2013

46

World of Glass October 2013

Thee premisess coverr threee functions..

1)) Thee officess off thee Ministryy off Transportation,, 2)) Thee main n buss terminall and d 3)) a Mall.

The building occupies 34.000 m2 of land in a central location in Baghdad Iraq.

1. The offices are comprised of four towers of 14 floors each.

Each floor occupies an area of 1200 m2.All the towers have in total 67.200 m2.

On the roof of each tower is installed a 1000 m2 state of the art photovoltaic system, capable of providing 60% of the premises energy requirements.

The office towers are functionally interconnected to the terminal, the Mall and each other.

2. The bus terminal occupies the ground floor of 18.000 m2 and also uses the external space for taxis and client car parking. The busses are organized in 4 loop systems for 352 buses in total.

3. The Mall occupies the 1st floor which has 12.000 m2 and the 2nd floor which has 9.000 m2. The floors are vertically connected via a central open space patio covered with glass.

The patio on the first floor has a peripheral glass opening which allows natural sunlight to reach the ground floor. The Mall includes shops, restaurants, cafeterias, conference rooms and service areas.

4 cores of vertical escalators, lifts and stairways connect the Mall with the bus terminal.

Georgee Christiee speakingg about hiss work k emphasizes: Art is a product of interacting external and internal factors within the soul of the artist.

Nature and the social environment (education, traditions, economic and cultural currents, etc) are some of the external factors. The personal inner traits, (talent, spiritual development, priority of values) are some of the internal ones.

47

World of Glass October 2013

Architecture, apart from been one of the fine arts, is also a science and as such is influenced by the current technology, which, especially in our times, changes drastically the methods of construction and its potentials.

The harmonious and in proportion cooperation of the above factors in producing the final work of art, has always formed a great challenge for its creators. The goal is to attain the proper balance which directs the inspiration to new achievements, incorporating simultaneously Art’s timeless values. The artist is called upon to assimilate and serve the historically acknowledged, to subjugate the contemporary techniques and then

allow his charisma the right to pioneer and present his personal cultural proposals for the future.

The possibilities that modern technology offers, such as the electronic designing and execution of the structural frames, allow the architectural imagination to achieve heights of aesthetics unknown in the past. The quality materials and the impeccable finish elevate the structure to a decorative element and present the bare beauty of its form.

The philosophy behind the synthesis and construction of my works is the transparent dynamic dialogue between aesthetic and structural form, ergonomic function and skeletal frame. Added

48

World of Glass October 2013

decoration is reduced and the artistic Logos is determined mainly by the dynamic juxtaposition of structural mass and practical space.

Today high technology can be employed with reasonable cost in the construction also of buildings.

The morphological possibilities that high technology is offering are far greater with obvious benefits for all, scientists, artists and users. We architects are asked to write music for these new instruments.

The classical repertoire of course stands as a colossal point of reference and comparison. The spirit that permeates the core of classical architecture, not the letter of its mimicry, can again

attach classical values to the new architectural expressions. But the knowledge from the past does not suffice. The formulation of new materials and the use of modern technology require the marriage of architectural and structural sensitivities in one and the same composing mind.

George Christie +30 6932-408500 Email gce@teemail.gr www.george-christie.info www.george-christie.com

49

World of Glass October 2013

Company’ss presentation

Our Company holds a significant position in Greek and foreign markets and aims to broaden its dynamic by introducing innovative production methods of pioneer products.

It’s comprised by modern facilities, great human resources, advanced mechanical equipment and full technical support. ΤΗΕ Ε COMPANY - Is based on a very experienced staff.

- Controls quality in every step of the production process and has developed procedures to signal and manage faulty products.

- Is always up to date with technological advances and invests in modern equipment.

- Carefully chooses its suppliers to ensure high

quality raw material.

The company cooperates with the biggest sheet glass manufacturers worldwide.

QUALITY Y POLICY «CRYSTALLA VASILIOU» management designates and documents its policy and goals as well as its commitment to Quality by using and continually improving a full and efficient Quality System which complies with ISO-9001/2008 certified by TÜV Rheinland Hellas. ΙNFRASTRUCTURE «CRYSTALLA VASILIOU» defines, offers and maintains all infrastructure needed for the compliance with product demands. Infrastructure

50

World of Glass October 2013

SAFETY GLASS INDUSTRY «CRYSTALLA VASILIOU LTD» has been in the safety glass industry since 1960. Founded by Mr. Demetrius Vasiliou, has been evolving dynamically ever since by the younger family members, Bill and Mary Vasiliou.

It’s based in private owned facilities of 12,000 square meters in the industrial zone of Vasiliko (near Chalkis). includes, where implemented: -Buildings, working areas and secondary facilities.

-Processing equipment (hardware and software), and -Support services (transport and communication) WORK K ENVIRONMENT «CRYSTALLA VASILIOU» defines and manages the work environment needed to comply with product demands. Employees hygiene and safety is also a main priority. Every employee receives training in Hygiene and Safety matters through special courses, as defined by Law.

28 Οktovriou Str., Vasiliko Halkidas, Εvia, Greece Tel.: +30-22210-52607 & 53607 Fax: +30-22210- 54278, e-mail:info@vasglass.gr, web site: www.vasglass.gr

CRYSTALLA A VASILIOU U implementss thee Quality Managementt System m ISO-9001/20088 certified d byy TÜV V Rheinla and d Hellas..

51

World of Glass October 2013

Photoss from m thee interiorr off thee factory An n automated Scholz Maschinebau u furnace,, technologicallyy uniquee in n the world,, forr triplex productiion n (HOT AIR R AUTOCLAVE PLANT)) with h specTemperingg Oscillatingg furnace ificationss for Verticall furnacee Keraglass typee Keraglasss KFO (Heatt Soak k Test) jumboo glass, 6000x3210mm.

Laminatted d glasss thickness 120mm

Fullyy automaticc glasss managementt - storage-- cutting liness forr jumboo sizes 6000X3210mm

52

World of Glass October 2013

A fullyy automaticc and d flexiblee new w generation n triplexx production n linee (lamiu GmbH H furnace nated d glass)) and d thee onlly laminatingg Bentelerr Maschinenbau in n Europee with h thesee specificationss forr jumboo glass,, 3,210x6,0000 mm.. It’ss the onlyy linee in n Greecee thatt producess multi-layered d glasss up p too 1200 mm m with h the extraa abilityy too weld d softt coatt Low-E E glasss (emissivityy 0,01),, with h emphasiss on qualityy and d on n fasst production n procedures.

NEW ACTIVITY

In course of its continuous growth, development and innovation research in order to satisfy more adequate our customers’ needs and generally the modern market, CRYSTALLA VASILIOU edit another innovation from Forvet – the Francesca FC 1600 Water Jet – the combination of two technologies in a single machine. The use of water jet cutting with a classic Francesca work centre for drilling and milling, has led to a productive synergy that makes this machines unique.

The two production principles interact without restricting each other. In fact, on the contrary, they complement each other and benefit from each other’s capabilities, thus increasing their own production capacities.

All this leads to enormous advantages for production, since operators can choose which type of cutting to use, as per the processes to be carried out. Milling with small radii, precision countersink holes, polishing of milling, high-speed drilling, extremely accurate tolerances and repeatability of positioning, make this machine a technological jewel.

Automaticc operations Francesca FC 1600 Water Jet is the only water jet cutter with automatic loading and unloading of glass sheets, with the possibility of carrying out additional processes on the cut edges, such as grinding and polishing. At the same time, the machine is also the only NC drill with an endless number of drilling, countersink and milling tools. The automatic positioning of the glass enables to have: =Water cutting in line with other production processes without the need for manual intervention regarding positioning of the glasssheets; =A drilling machine for all types of drilling and countersinking; =The combination of the two technologies.

Dynamicc vacuum The glass sheets are transported by dynamic vacuum belts (patented by Forvet), which enable to position the

glass sheets without contact with the upper surface and, therefore, making the machine safe and fast for each and any type of glass, including Low-E.. The vacuum in each sector of the belts is activated and deactivated as per the position of the glass sheets. Automatic management also takes into consideration the geometry of the glass shapes, maintaining the glass sheets in positionin any situation.

Optimizingg thee high-pressuree pump In order to optimize the high-pressure pump, which is well-known to be limited due to the continuous pressure fluctuations, the connection (for the high-pressure water jet) on the glass can also be carried out by means of a bore obtained using diamond drills instead of diversified-pressure water jets. Other than making the working life of the pump longer, this can also eliminate the bouncing of the abrasive material on the glass surface. n off processes Integration The machine enables to integrate milling and drilling processes in automatic production lines, since the loading, positioning and unloading of the glass is carried out complete-

ly automatically, without any need for operator intervention. All processing programmes can be carried out in real time (even when the machine is running), both directly on a PC onboard the machine, as well as from the production office. Programmes can be memorized on PC, on pen drive, using optional systems of reading by means of barcode or using network connection.

Software The software also has a pre-programmed set of parametric shapes, where the operator only needs to input the position of the shape to be carried out. The use of the most recent electronic technology reduces the cost of electricity used, thanks to the ability of numerical control to recover the kinetic energy of the masses in movement and transform it into electricity put into the grid.

(KERS). Yet another example of the spirit of Forvet in the search for, and development of, innovative solutions.

53

World of Glass October 2013

54

World of Glass October 2013

55

World of Glass October 2013

56

World of Glass October 2013

57

World of Glass October 2013

58

World of Glass October 2013

59

World of Glass October 2013

60

World of Glass October 2013

61

World of Glass October 2013

COMPANIES Glaston n keepss you u innovatingg thee nextt bestt thingg in n flatt glasss processingg

Visit us at VITRUM 2013 Hall 24, Stand G01 09 www.glaston.net

In all we do, we make sure our equipment and services help you stay at the leading edge of flat glass processing for the customers you serve. The latest additions to our comprehensive offering keep you continuously innovating higher quality products with better delivery flexibility along with ways to lower your operational costs.

New pre-processing technology: The Glaston range has further expanded.

Vitrum will be the springboard for the new UC series of automatic cutting lines, which deliver outstanding performance and reliability at an affordable price. UL fast and versatile loaders, UB breaking tables and UC cutting tables are available for half jumbo and jumbo glass size, and even come with a Low-E removal device.

Omnia, our innovative double edging machine with peripheral wheels, is suitable for solar glass applications as well as for the appliances and furniture industries.

The Hiyon vertical straight line edging machine range will be completed by a new model with 11 spindles that stands out with its structure, performance, available options and versatility.

For diamond and polishing tools for any brand of glass pre-processing machinery, or the latest innovations Glaston SolarTechTM and WhiteTechTM high performing wheels for the solar, white goods and furniture applications, visit: www.glastontools.com

62

World of Glass October 2013

New heat treatment technology: Other new introductions in heat treatment technology include GlastonAirTM air flotation technology for thin glass tempering, Glaston IriControLTM technology to reduce and measure the iridescence of tempered glass and Glaston RC350TM flat tempering lines that lower the cost of operation. Each of these solutions incorporates the latest Glaston innovations to help flat glass processors move into new areas of business.

New modernization services: The new Glaston iControLTM control system upgrade for your existing flat tempering furnace brings next generation automation technology to better control your process. The Glaston RC200-zoneTM furnace chamber replacement enables you to get a higher capacity of higher quality end products.

Plus, Glaston Roller Heat Control RHCTM upgrade for your existing flat tempering furnace helps you reach better glass quality with ease.

EXCLUSIVEE REPRESENTATIVES FORR GREECE Ι.. CHARIZANOS & CO Glastonn Bavelloni 12 Αristotelous Str., P.C. 173 43, Agios Dimitrios, Athens, Greece. Τel.: +30-210-9953132/3, Fax: +30-210-9911218, email: charizanos@freemail.gr ELIAS DIKEOS Glastonn (Tamglass-Uniglass) 11C Megaloupoleos Str, P.C. 152 36 Penteli, Athens, Greece, Tel.: +30-210-8035751-2, Fax: +30-210-8035753, e-mail: eliasdikaios@dgtech.gr

63

World of Glass October 2013

Glasss sailss Abovee a seaa off forest

64

Fondation Louis Vuitton pour la Creation / Nicolas Borel 2012 World of Glass October 2013

«Thee ideaa iss a cloud d off glasss – magical, ephemeral..... and d transparent.»

These are the words Frank O. Gehry employed to introduce the Fondation Louis Vuitton pour la Création project to the public during a press conference in October 2006.

«II wanted d too createe so omethingg thatt every timee you u approach,, itt showss a different characterr dependingg on n thee lightt and d the timee off day.. I wanted d too emulatee everythingg thiss word d ‘transparence’’ means» Authorization for re-publication from IGS Intelligent Glass Solutions magazine

65

World of Glass October 2013

H

ired by the French luxury goods conglomerate LVMH in 2004 to realize a longstanding ambition of Bernard Arnault to create a Foundation dedicated to contemporary art in all its forms, Mr Gehry began studies that led to the creation of Gehry Partners’ most complex project to date.

The primary source of this complexity, which ultimately impacted virtually every aspect of the building design, was the deployment of vast glass canopies that surround the building enclosure.

It is a hugely ambitious project for a sensitive site in Paris. Intensive consultations with the City of Paris, the National Sites Commission, and with historical architects (Architectes des Bâtiments de France) were undertaken in order to obtain the necessary building authorizations.

The Sites Commission approval was conditional,

with nomination of a committee to follow up and to ensure the Owner’s commitment to quality for the realization of the exterior glass elements.

Thus the stakes are very high not only in order to satisly the stringent requirements of the Sites Commission, but also to meet the highest demands of an Owner desiring the deployment of unprecedented techology, and an Architect who strives to ‘build a dream’.

In this article, the authors, representing key participants in this artistic and technological adventure, tell the story of this extraordinary exploit, with a description first of the vision of a client and his Architect, then of the arduous yet rewarding conceptual and detailed study phases, and finally of the fabrication and installation of the glass elements ( la verrière). It is a story marked by dedication to a compelling vision by hundreds of talented professionals, each bringing his particular expertise and production capability to a process that demanded extreme adherence to an intensely collaborative effort.

Historical plan of the jardin d’ acclimatation

The Grand Palais glass roof

The new plan including the foundation Louis Vuitton pour la Création

The jardin d’ acclimatation glass roof

66

World of Glass October 2013

ARCHITECTURE: CONCEPT T & PROCESS Exceptionall Sitee / Extraordinaryy Project: A new w Monumentt in n Paris The project is sited in the Jardin d’ Acclimatation, amongst the trees at the northern edge of the Bois de Boulogne, in Paris. The owner’s vision for the Fondation Louis Vuitton pour la Création, scheduled to open in 2014, is to ‘enable a broad public to enjoy a multitude of artistic creations, deepening LVMH’s ongoing commitment to promoting culture’. It is to house ans display contemporary art in all its forms. In addition to more than 3500 m2 of gallery space, the building will house a 350-seat auditorium, a bookstore, a restaurant, and administrative areas.

A vessell whosee sailss soarr amidstt thee treess off the «A Boiss dee Boulogne» The building design continues a tradition of glass arhitecture in Paris (The Grand Palais) and indeed in the Jardin d’ Acclimatation, marked in 19th century by the glass and steel structures of the Palais d’ Hiver and the Palmarium.

To meet the demanding environmental requirements for art display and conservation, the interior galleries and created from relatively simple concrete volumes. Expanding outward layer-bylayer are the side galleries, referred to as the ‘chapels’, and main circulation spaces. White

67

World of Glass October 2013

The original model and the evolutionary path to perfecting

3D model and 2D detail of the Verrière and iceberg interface

sculptural forms, called ‘icebergs’ in the lauguage of the project, define this first interstitial layer. The glazed facade systems complete the enclosure of the building between these solid forms. Terraces, accessible to the public at three levels, stepping up from west to east, form the top of the enclosure. From this building envelope layer springs the primary structure of ‘the verrieres’, or glass sails. Also referred to as umbrellas, these glass structures provide sun and rain protection to the building and its visitors. The stated intention of the architect is to allow for the visitor experience to alternate between concentrated experience of contemporary art display and moments of calm interaction with the surrounding nature.

White blurring the distinction between inside and outside, the glass canopies render ambiguous the relationship between building and sky.

There is a similar attitude concering the relationship of the building to the ground, as the building plunges below the ground plane. A water cascade slopes down, bringing water to a lower level reflecting pool from which the building emerges. Shimmering reflections of water will animate the white iceberg surfaces and the glass sails.

68

World of Glass October 2013

Desigh h Process The architectural conception and development of a project of this complexity necessitates the use of a variety of tools and methods, from the traditional to the more innovative. All must respond to the challenges presented by three-dimensional complexity, during all phases and at all scales.

For Gehry Partners, the early programming and design phases are carried out almost exclusively through physical study models. Once the design has reached an initial level of maturity, the physical model is scanned for digitalization. The three dimensional data is transferred to the BIM (Building Information Management) software, in the case of this project to Digital Project, a software developed by Gehry Technologies, and based on the CATIA software originally developed by Dassault for the design and construction of airplanes.

Digital Poject is a powerful tool, notably for its capacity to generate and develop complex geometrical forms. The development starts with fairly crude infor-

mation ( the rough data obtained by the scan of a physical model) and is refined step by step by the architects, engineers, and finally contractors, to arrive ar rationalized and buildable forms. The data is exported to specialized software to enable structural calculations, fire resistance simulations, and ultimately fabrica-

tion of complex elements of the buildings.

The data entry, exploitation and coordination of this information for the the Fondation Louis Vuitton project required the organization of an extraordinary team of individuals and organizations.

69

World of Glass October 2013

Formation of a World Class Team for a Monumental Effort The unprecedented technical challenges of the project required not simply the mobilization of extraordinary talents, but the orchestration and deployment of these forces in an innovative mode of collaboration. From owner, to design team, to contractors, traditional definitions of scope and roles have been transformed in order to bring the right intelligence to the appropiate problem at the right moment.

As Local Architect, Studios Architecture assists Gehry Partners in the development of the project with the Paris based teams, integrating respect of local code requirement and building practices. As the Gehry Partners’ team continued to work out of their Los Angeles office, Studios Architecture primary role has been to represent Gehry Partners locally, working continually to ensure respect of the architectural design intent in the developement of the detailed studies. In particular, for the glass roof system, each element, node, joint, weld, anchor, fitting, fastener, paint seal etc. is scrupulously investigated, verified, monitored and approved by Studios Architecture before, during and after installation.

Alongside Gehry Partners in Los Angeles, Studios Architecture in Paris, several world-class firms were engaged at the schematic design phase: =RFR R + TESS: engineering consulting team (Join venture between the firms of RFR and TESS) in charge of the detailed design and engineering of the glass roof canopies (Verrieres), the enclosure glass and the opaque facade system (‘iceberg’)

=SETEC C Bâtiment: Engineering consulting firm responsible for the design of the primary structure, the civil works, and of the management of the global design team and construction management The owner engaged techical assistance from Quadraturee Ingéniérie,, to manage and oversee the work of the design team, ensuring the viability of the project in terms of technique, cost, and schelude.

Alongside a General Contractor, it was determined that the three major packages needed early input from specialized contractors.

Vincii Construction n France,, named as the general contractor, is in charge of the coordination and management of all the execution studies (including the coordination of the global structural model), site erection, primary concrete and steel structure construction and responsible for the global schelude and execution cost.

For the glass envelopes and ‘iceberg’ systems, SIPRAL and Hofmeister were brought on board.

After a limited Request for Proposal process, incorporating not only financial and schedule commitments, but also proof of capabilities through the fabrication and installation of a n Métalliquee (ECM) mock-up, Eiffagee Construction was awarded the contract for the works of the glass canopies. Their mission ranged from the execution studies, with production drawings, productions of the different elements through to site erection. To ensure the complete realization of the works, ECM engaged several sub-contractors, including Sunglass for the execution studies and the production of the glass panels, Hess for the production of the wood beams and BEG The architectural model of the “Fondation Louis Vuitton pour la Création”.

Image courtecy of Gehry Partners.

70

World of Glass October 2013

(Bureau d’ Etudes Greisch) for the structural execution studies.

The Owner’s understanding of the intense collaborative requirements allowed for the creation of an optimized working enviroment, uniting the teams at a unique site during the high-level and highly interactive design phases.

The glass roof complexity is not simply related to the glass objects themselves. Because the glass roofs are literally supported by the main building structure and the envelope, the complexity of the ensemble attains a diabolical level when consideration is made for dead and live structural efforts and the resulting load paths, and the penetration of primary structural elements through the building envelope (waterproofing and insulation).

Provision for means and methods for maintenance and cleaning of the building surfaces brought another layer of complexity to the project. The specialized firm TAW performed these studies, not only for the glass canopies, but also for a wide range of interior and exterior surfaces.

Finally, security and fire safety wrere of fundamental concern, as the fire safety code could not conceivably provide responses to previously unimaginable conditions, the specialized fire modeling and simulation experts Efectis have accompanied the project development at every phase.

These diverse talents have combined to tranform the metaphorical image of sails rising above a sea of forest into constructible reality.

71

World of Glass October 2013

Close up on the sails of the Louis Vuitton foundation (Photo by David Guichard)

Close up on the America’s Cup yachts sails

ARCHITECTURAL DEMANDS ON THE GLASS SAIL CONCEPTION For Gehry Partners, the priority of the development process of the ‘verrière’, needed to be focused on two main areas of research.

The first was the understanding and ordering of the forms required to ensure the constructability of the surfaces that comprise the 12 sails, each one with its own geometric characteristics. What is the best method to translate these geometries, to create a module or modules that can approximate these forms? Flat panels, curved, single or variable dimensions, rectangular or parallelogram?

The second was to translate into reality the mate-

rial intentions of these envelopes. Was the glass to be transparent, translucent or opaque; Matte or glossy?

In addition, given the unique monumental nature of the building, the long-term durability of the building (> 100 years) was an explict owner requirement.

And finally, a great deal of study and coordination was imposed to correctly integrate the essential technical elements: electrical, lighting, lightning protection, the downspouts, as well as the elements necessary for their maintenance.

72

World of Glass October 2013

Metaphorical image & geometry Form, direction & tension The inspirational image is the ‘Class J’’ American’s Cup yachts with the wind aft, the billowing sails that marked the direction of these winds are in a state of tension and unstable equilibrium.

In Frank Gehry’s conception, the headsail is to east and under tension. The studies by the engineers of RFR and TESS required multiple iterations to achieve stability while maintaining the primary reference to ‘sheets and halyards’ in tension.

The twelve canopies that make up the Foundation are supported by elements in steel or wood.

These elements which total 177 are called masts and tripods; They support the secondary frame,

which is itself comprosed of wood and steel.

This secondary structure supports a tertiary structure composed of mullions and transoms in stainless steel. This grid provides the support, with carefully engineered attachment pieces, for the glass panels.

Each of the glass sails in composed of developable surfaces; their surfaces vary from 500m2 to more than 3000m2, in total around 13300 m2. Except for two ‘umbrellas’ located to the West, which are composed of a single surface, the other ten are defined by two surfaces. Two lines in space, named ‘FOLD’ and ‘DIAGONAL’, connect these two surfaces. The connection on the diagnonal line forms an acute angle while the diagnonal sur-

73

World of Glass October 2013

faces tend both to a nearly tangent continuity.

The architectural design intent was to achieve a hierarchy and direction of the enveloping surfaces, like a sail made of fabric where the seam of the fabric reinforces and amplifies the directional reading of the surface. These guidelines on each wing print and amplify the general movement of the building. These force lines provided the guidelines for the geometric development, support structures and the definition of the layout plan of the glass panels.

Once the design intent rules of the game were clearly established by the conceptual architects, there remained the challenge to find detailed technical solutions for the glass conception, supply, transformation, and installation.

74

World of Glass October 2013

Perception and visual aspects of the glass An enormous amount of time, energy, discussion and study was required to translate the architectural vision of sails, transparent and ephemeral, into the selection of a defined glazing composition.

To be sure, the basic architectural parameters were kept fairly simple: A basic material, glass, and the idea of white sails that would be more or less transparent. But the combining effects of several technical requirements and the interactive effects with the environment of the Jardin d’ Acclimatation required several iterations of testing and analysis of options.

While the engineers of RFR/TESS were putting

face should each treatment be applied each with its proper criteria of manufacturing feasibility, cost, and resistance.

After several months of testing and review of prototypes and samples a final selection was agreed during on-site review and after discussion between Frank Gehry and the Owner.

Reaching agreement on the architectural composition of the glass was a major milestone in the design process. Yet significant technical challenges remained. The ultimate success of the project depended on the conception of a holistic system that would respond to a multi-layered and multi-scaled architectural ambition: a powerful

On site glass prototypes review (Photo by David Guichard)

great talent and energy into solving the technical difficulties of the glass specification, they were also being challenged by the Owner and the Architect to Glass composition close up synthesize the combination of (Photo by David Guichard) Frit pattern definition parameters that would produce the desired visual effect.

Among the variables that required study, testing global perception of the overall forms from a disand recombination were the number and thicktance combined with the closer scale experience nesses of glass, interlayers, reflective coating, frit of the visitor passing through the interstitial patterns, color and density. And on which surspaces behind the sails.

75

World of Glass October 2013

Exterior to inside face of a glass panel 01- Glass 6mm thick 02- Reflective coating 03- White Frit with an opacity of 50% 04- Sentry Glass Intelayer 05- Glass 8mm thick

TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE GLASS SYSTEM Classical technical schemes The principal technical challenge of the glazing system results from the combination of the scale of the canopies and the highly variable and nonrepetitive nature of their geometries. In theory every panel is unique. Three technological solutions, described below, have classically been put in place for projects of this nature, but none were considered entirely satisfactory.

A faceted solution combining trapezoidal and triangular panels in an obvious option but does not generate the desired quality of surface.

Hot bent panels, formed by molding, could, in theory, perfectly match the original design surface. However, they require the production of an individual steel mold for each panel, which is economically prohibitive even if a rationalization of the geometry into families of panels can be found. Furthermore, the fabrication process results in annealed glass, which is both significantly weaker than tempered glass and also prone to breakage due to thermal shock. Its limited resistance requires additional material

Glass roof of the TVG train station in Strasbourg completed in 2007. First extensive use of cold bent layers of glass before lamination. Architect: AREP, Technical Conception: RFR, Glass Manufacturer: Seele.

76

World of Glass October 2013

thickness making the panels more rigid and thus less suited to a flexible structure.

Two technical obstacles limited the use of cold bent tempered glass for the Fondation Louis Vuitton Project. Firstly certain areas of the project have very high levels of curvature. Cold bending techniques, even those of cold bending prior to lamination as adopted for the first time for he

TGV train station in Strasbourg, France would result in prohibitive levels of stress in the glass.

Secondly the intention was to support the panels on only two of their sides, and in many cases the orientation in the curvature meant that it would be impossible for the edge frames to hold the panel in shape.

Innovation: Exploitingg Hott bentt Cylinders The search for a solution closer to the technical and architectural aspirations on the project led the design team to explore the potential of the latest generation of glass bending machines that produce hot bent tempered panles without the use of molds. The quality of tempering of these machines is comparable to that of flat glass and much better than older systems.

Because molds are no longer needed, these machines are extremely cost effective. The bending radius of the panel is controlled by computer and allows a relatively low cost for varying geometry between panels.

These machines also allow the introduction of the

panel at an angle relative to the axis of the machine, thus inclining its direction of curvature with respect to its edges.

The principal disadvantage of the technology is that the machines are only capable of fabricating circular cylinders, which, by definition, cannot perfectly match the design surfaces conceived by the architect.The inevitable result is a discontinuity of position, tangency and curvature between adjacent panels. While it was considered that discontinuity in curvature would not prove architecturally problematic, the steps between panels clearly posed both a visual and technological risk.

A schematic view of a bending and tempering machine.

An electric oven heats a flat pane, which then passes into a bending and tempering module, where it is continually rocked back and forth during the tempering process, leading to a good quality of tempering

The inclination of the axis of the panel relatively to the axis of the machie allows fabricating curved panels whose curvature direction is not aligned with its axis.

77

World of Glass October 2013

Adaptation and optimization of the Cylinders

A view of one panel with an exaggerated irregular surface (in blue) and the corresponding best closest cylinder minimizing the sum of the squared destances of 8 couple of points on the edges of the panels (in yellow and red)

The steps between panels may be controlled by varying hte geometrical properties of each panel (its radius and the orientation of its direction of curvature), and its placement (its geometrical position and angle rotation). An ‘optimal’ set of cylinders must be found that limits the total divergence from the original reference surface, and by consequence

A view of one sail reference surface colored by the value of the minimal curvature radius

the steps between panels. This

The corresponding cylindrical panelization (The central generatrixes of the cylinders are drawn in grey): this cylindrical panelization can be seen as a panel curvature discretization.

is achieved by an iterative calculation process, which minimizes the sum of the squared distances of a set of

solutions were tested to reduce the extreme steps,

points on the edges of each cylinder.

such a modification of the design surface and

A first phase optimization to establish the feasi-

reduction of the panel size to create finer dis-

bility of the principle was completed during the

cretization. Neither was considered particularly

early design phase. Gehry Technologies provided

desirable from an architectural standpoint and

valuable assistance for later phases using the

the multiplication of the number of panels had

built in optimizer of the Digital Project software

significant potential cost impact.

platform.

The solution envisaged at the design stage for the

The design surfaces are typically well suited to

most problematic cases was to apply a minimal

cylindrical panelization but in certain zones the

degree of cold bending to the panels on site, by

approximation is less satisfactory, notably those

forcing down one of the corners, in order to

with conical or double curvature. Geomatrical

reduce the steps to acceptable levels.

78

World of Glass October 2013

PROOF OF CONCEPT Validation by glass manufacturer and transformer The innovative nature of the glazing technology demanded a particular approach, and it was recognized early on that the support of a specialist glass tranformer was essential to the process.

Sunglass was chosen to assist from the very earliest stages of conception due to their world renowned expertise in glass bending and their extensive experience with cylindrical temprering ovens.

Their initial work concentrated on validating the feasibility of rotated glass curving (RGC) in their bending ovens where a panel is introduced into the oven at an angle so that its direction of curvature is not parallel to its sides. They successfully established that they were capable of producing panels at an industrial scale each with unique radius of curvature and rotation angle.

Sunglass also commissioned an independent laboratory to complete a 40 week campaign of continuous testing to establish the quality and degree of toughening in the bent panels. This confirmed that the bending ovens of Sunglass were capable of generating a characteristic breaking strength greater that 120 Mpa (fully toughened) with a high degree of uniformity that exceeded that of typical flat glazing.

Prototype structural testing indicated complex bending behavior, linked to the flexibility of the edge support frames. This presented a significant logistical challenge for the structural verification of the panels, as all 3500 panels are unique both in terms of their structural behavior and the loads to which they are subjected.

This naturally led towards increasing the stiffness of the edge frames, in order to give greater support to the glass and allow it to bend primarily in single curvature. This principle allowed the thickness of the glass to be optimized.

The lamination of the panels also posed a technological challenge, due to the combination of bent panes with a lightly reflective soft coating and fritting. Sunglass successfully conducted accelerated aging tests to demonstrate the long term performance of laminated complex.

The fully toughened glass was combined with an ionomer interlayer (DuPont SentryGlas). This is stiffer than a tranditional PVB interlayer, enabling the two panes of the laminate to work together more as a single monolithic sheet.

The degree of collaboration between panes had

79

World of Glass October 2013

not been presviously certified in France, and so further campaign of testing was launched to establish the behavior of the laminated panel.

Representative panel samples were fabricated and subjected to loading of varying duration to confirm the long and short term rigidity under different temperature conditions, ranging from 20 o C to 60 o C. The rigidity of the panels was shown to be very close to monolithic behavior (a monolithic factor of 1) under most conditions. Nevertheless a prudent approach was adopted and the following factors were applied in the structural verification of the panels: =0 under permanent loads =0.6 under snow and wind loads =1 under instantaneous loads or movements The test results and analytical approach was fully documented and submitted to the French building regulation authority (CSTB) through an experimentation appreciation procedure and received approval.

Re-inventing glass transformation methods and tools The principal of approximating the design surfaces with floating cylinders of varying radius and rotation angles was established in the design phase of the project. However, further work was needed to refine this and develop practical details capable of adapting to the range of geometrical variation in the project.

One of the key details of the project is the interface between the glazing and its support frame.

Sunglass, working closely with ECM, established a principle whereby the seating plate for the

80

World of Glass October 2013

glazing could be fabricated to precisely follow the exact position of the cylinder in space, while the stop edge of the stiffener followed the theoretical design surface. This decoupling of the two geometries allowed the cylinders to float freely to suit the optimized panel geometry, while maintaining the global impression of a perfectly continuous surface.

While this solution worked satisfactorily in majority of cases, there still existed a limited number of areas where the cylindrical approximation diverged significantly from the design surfaces, creating large steps between adjacent panels. This was particularly evident in areas where the form of the design surface was either strongly conical or had a high degree of douple curvature. In these cases the only oprion open appeared to be hot bent double curved panels or a combination of hot and cold bending, neither of which was satisfactory from a technical point of view.

Confronted by this problem, Sunglass embarked on a revolutionary adaptation of one of their bending ovens, which they completely rebuilt to be capable of producing panels with two different radii – the-bi-arc concept.This15 month development effort provided a whole new range of possible panel geometries, which were able to adapt to even the most difficult design surface conditions.

Furthermore, the bigger size of the new oven allowed for longer length panels, thus reducing the global cost whilst improving the architectural aspect.

This level of investment in the fabrication technology was only made possible by the foresight of the client in engaging a contractor early in the process.The collaborative partnership formed between Sunglass, ECM, and the design team proved essential in the successful develpoment and execution of the glazing system.

81

World of Glass October 2013

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE GLASS Determining the optimal glass composition for the curved panels was a complex process due principally to the variety of the panels’ configuration – their geometry, inclination, orientation, and loading. This is combined with the need to find the right balance between strenght to with-

flat), direction of curvature (from -90o to +90o), inclination (from floor to façade to ceiling), georgaphical location.

This geometrical data was stored in a panel database including: panel name, cylinder radius (R), curvature direction (a), inclination (-90o facing ground to +90o facing sky), and orientation (north, east, south, west).

stand the high loads, and flexibility to accommodate the applied displacements from its supporting frame. In these circumstances the classic engineering ‘envelope’ approach is unsuitable.

An innovative calculation method, based on interpolation, was developed to analyze each panel in order to justify the glass resistance.

Loads The inclination of the panel impacts both dead load and snow distribution, which ranges from 0 to 7kN per panel. Wind tunnel tests revealed wind loads varying from 0 to 6kN per panel due to the complex air flow around the 12 sails.

Deformations of the support structure were also

Geometry

accounted for generating a unigue warping load

The panel collection consists of 3600 unique cylindrical panels over a surface of 13300m2.

Each has a different radius (from 3 meters to

for each panel.

Like the geometries, the loading and distortions for each panel were stored in a database.

82

World of Glass October 2013

Calculating the stresses and deformations in the laminated glass

ble strees 35MPa, long term 25MPa).

Since the panels are placed above public areas,

logy was developed with the contractor and the

the composition must incorporate a safety glass

French authorities, and all the parameters

with an interlayer. The influence of this interlay-

required for the calculation procedure were

er in the stresses distributions between the glass

established based on testing of representative

sheets is a key parameter in the calculation

samples.

process, but the classical calculation method for

Linking geometry and loading

laminated glass in not sufficient for this project.

While certain panels are flat enough to allow veri-

Because of to their shapes, the panels both act in

fication using simple plate bending theory, the

membrane – shell action and in bending.

majority required more substantive calculation to

Therefore two distinct ‘equivalent thicknesses’ have to to be taken into account for the calculations: one for the axial stress (fully monolithic), and another one for the bending stress (assuming a degree of collaboration between panes).

Moreover the panels include a fritting on top of a reflective coating on face 2. Therefore the composition behavior depends on time not only for the

I response to this complexity, a specific methodo-

accurately describe the shell action of their form.

The principal parameters are the panel radius and the direction of principal curvature. Both influence the structural behavior of a panel, which is best suited to calculation by finite element analysis.

An obvious solution would be to generate a finite element model for each panel, but this would be prohibitively time consuming. Alternatively an

viscous behavior of the interlayer ( the longer the envelope approach could be adopted but this load, the softer material) but also for the admissi- would result in over dimensioning the panel thickble stress in the fritted glass (short term admissi-

ness to resist maximum loads. This not only ctreates additional cost but also further amplifies the impact of the applied distortions.

The chosen method developed to verify the panels is based on interpolation, linking the geometrical database to the loading and distortion database.

A matrix of typical idealized cylindrical panels has been modeled in 3D. This matrix consists of 5 columns and 6 rows of cylinders. Each row represents a single radius, R, ranging from 3m to infinite (flat panel), while each column represents the angle, alpha, of the direction of maximum curvature with respect to the short side of the panel, ranging from 0o (parallel to the long side) to +90o.

83

World of Glass October 2013

Each panel of the matrix has then been analyzed

bilinear interpolation in R and alpha.

in detail under unit load cases using finite ele-

In second step the loading database is searched

ment model software.

and the panel’s specific loading is applied. This

The matrix thus defines 30 archetypal instances

is done by linear combination of the interpolated

of (R, alpha) to represent to 3900 panels of the

analysis results of unit load cases – as the glass

project.

remains elastic and movements are small, the

A programm was developed to calculate the actu-

principle of superposition may adopted.

al maximum stress in each panel by interpolation

Using this methods, stresses and deformations

from the matrix, in a two-step process.

were determined for each of the 3900 different

First, the geometrical database is searched to

panel geometries under its own unique load con-

find the four neighboring panels in the matrix of

dition, using only 30 finite element models.

tha panel under consideration. The mechanical

Further refinement of this method enabled

response (stresses and deformations) of the actu-

Sunglass to optimize the composition to [8mm +

al panel are deduced from its neighbors using a

6mm] for all panels on the project.

84

World of Glass October 2013

Fabrication and erection One of the fundamental challenges posed by the Verrieres is to conceive, fabricate, and erect a system with a completely non-repetitive and highly variable geometry at a scale that necessitates an industrial approach.

In order to meet this challenge ECM, the contractor responsible for the execution of the Verrieres, adopted a top to bottom approach of rationalization, based on two main principals: =Wherever possible, the geometry of componets must be simplified to facilitate their fabrication, preferably by automated processes =Wherever possible, construction details must be capable of adapting to suit a large range of geometrical configurations.

These very simple ideas, in reality required an immense effort of invention covering every aspect of the Verrieres throughout every phase of the execution process. The cylindrical approximation of the glazing panels, described earlier, shows how the approach can be successfully put in place.

Another critical example is the conception of the mullions of the glazing support system. The project requires around 10km of these elements, which theoretically should all be doubly curved and twisted. In this case their geometry was typically approximated into a series of single curved planar elements. Through this simplification ECM was able to exploit CNC cutting techniques of plate elements to define and control the indi-

85

World of Glass October 2013

vidual geometry of each mullion. They also invested in the development of robotic welding techniques, which not only created sugnificant practical advantages but also enhanced the visual quality of the fabrication.

The cylindrical approximation of hte panels and the planar approximation of the mullions each generate a divergence from the theoretically perfect geometry. The connection between the two systems must be capable of adapting to the range of different conditions created and accommodating these variations. One of the key principles adopted in the conception of such a detail is to develop a system which is as close to iso-static as possible. Theoretically, if the system is perfectly iso-static, it will successfully adapt to any geometrical condition. Thus the support fixings incorporate sliding, rolling, spherical bearings, capable of accommodating the most extreme angular variation seen on the project.

Another key driver of the detailing of the system was the need to facilitate the erection of the glazing panels. The panel connection detail was refined to incorporate a special cast seating, which was formed to guide the panel into position as it was mounted.

The whole philoshoply and approach to managing the geometrical complexity was based on a foundation of modeling the entire package in three dimensions. The project software platform, Digital Projects, was well adapted to this effort, particularly through its capabilities for parametric modeling. The investment of this effort paid significant dividends, especially as ECM developed a fully integrated approach, linking the geometrical model with their fabrication software.

The approach was further extended to manage the vast logistical effort of identifying, marking, and delivering every individual component of the Verrieres.

The challenge of the project was met by a concerted approach to refine and develop the geometry and detailing of every component of the glazing system to optimize its fabrication and erection. The value of this rigorous and exhaustive approach is best illustrated by the clear success of the erection phase of the project.

CONCLUSION As we witness the final hoisting of the glass sails of the Fondation Louis Vuitton in the Bois de Boulogne, it may be too early to celebrate. Yet there emerges a certain collective satisfaction that the team has exceeded the challenge. Viewed from afar, from up close, from within, in winter and in spring, sunny days, cloudy days, with rain, snow or frost, the glass canopies provide for a marvelously varied experience each and every visit.

It began with the vision of a client.An owner who not only understood that exceptional efforts would be required, but that innovative strategies would also required to deploy, structure, organize and coordinate those means. An owner that was uncompromising on the demand for a project of the highest quality.

To build the dream of the architect required nothing less than the complete collaborative commitment of individuals and organizations willing to go beyond classic definitions of roles and interactions. Architects, engineers, consultans, supplies, contractors, project, managers; For the project participants it has been an adventure and a discovery. The path to realizing the cloud has been... magical, ephemeral... and transparent.

86

World of Glass October 2013

Contributingg Authors Jamess Coweyy Studioss Architecture AIA – Principal, Paris An architect with over 25 years of experience in both France and the United States, James is a former member of the Board of Directors of the AIA Continental Europe Chapter. He continues to be involved in the AIA CE, conducting site tours of STUDIOS’ projects for the chapter and members. James has contributed significantly to the firm’s presence in Europe, expanding the practice beyond the workplace to include residential, cultural, and civic projects, as well as repositioning some of Paris’ oldest buildings.

Benedictee Daniss Setecc Batiment After interventions as civil engineer specialized in structural design and colculations for important buildings such as the rehabilitation on the Mariinsky Theater in St Petersburg and the Louis Vuitton for the Creation Foundation, Bénédicte Danis is now working as Project Manager for Setec Batiment. She’s doing technical coordination for the complex project Louis Vuitton Foundation during the erection phase, with a focus on the glass roof ‘Vennière’. Benedicte is graduate of Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées two of the best Engineering School in France.

David d Guichard d Studioss Archittecture Architecte D.P.L.G. In 2009, David arrived at Studios Architecture to follow in the development and contruction of the Fondation Louis Vuitton. David started his carrier in boat design with a creation of sail boats, monohull and multihulls.

After this particular experience, he came back in the architectural field and develops buildings in the domain on Public facilities/Culture, Towers/Commercial & leisure, Office & Industry. He is also teaching at the ‘Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Paris La Villette (ENSAPLV)’ since 1999.

Jacquess Raynaud d RFR Trained as an architect and structural engineer, Jacques joined RFR in 1993. His work focuses on geometrically complex structures, developing constructive geometry and technical solutions. Jacques is also a very experienced CAD user and script developer. He’s a member of the research project ARC – Architectural Freedom Structures from Single Curved Panels, which links, RFR, Vienna University of Technology and Evolute in an Industry – Academia Research Partnership.

Simon n Aubryy T/E/S/S Enginner, Ecole des Mines de Paris M.A.,Ecole des Ponts des Chausées As a multidisciplinary enginner, Simon is interested in facades and complex structures, often associated with innovative architectural projects. His knowledge of structural and material science, and 7 years work experience in engineering firms (RFR and T/E/S/S) allow him to cover multiple topics, interacting with both the Architects and the Contractors. Within the design team for the Fondation Louis Vuitton project Simon is in charge of the design, develpoment and calculation of curved facade panels: in laminated glass for the canopies and in high performance Concrete for ‘the ICEBERG’ facade. He teaches a Structural Design course at the Ecole des Ponts & Chaussées since 2009.

Varéliee Bonifacee Eiffagee Construction n Métalllique Civil Enginner, Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées As a structural enginner, Valerie is interested and specializes in complex steel structures. She has been in charge of the design team of Eiffage Construction Métallique for 7 years after 8 years as a structural engineer in RFR. In Eiffage Construction Métallique, she has contributed to the development of BIM and 3D global appoach for design, fabrication and site assembly. Valerie has been teaching steel construction at the Ecole des Ponts & Chaussées since 2008.

Geryy Chinzi Sunglass A Chemist Graduate, more than 25 years experience in glass processing industry. After 15 years in a glass manufacturer center of Research, developed the High speed train curved glasses composition (TGV 2 level and ICE 3.) He has been in charge of many sales projects within Sunglass for 8 years.

87

World of Glass October 2013

Jorma Vitkala is Glass Builder of the Year 2013 The Board of the Finnish Flat Glass Association, Suomen Tasolasiyhdistys ry, has unanimously voted Jorma Vitkala Glass Builder of the Year 2013, for his achievements as the initiator and organiser of the Glass Performance Days. Held biennially in Tampere, the GPD is the world’s largest glass industry conference.

Jorma Vitkala, Glass Builder of the Year 2013

Jorma Vitkala in brief * Born 1955 in Kauhajoki, from where he moved to Helsinki, Pori and finally, Tampere * Former workplaces: StrĂśmberg Data and Esselte * Tamglas Engineering 1981, tempering machine maintenance and training tasks, development of machines and equipment, e.g. several patents related to tempering technology * GPD chairman since 1992 * Tempering expert in the following organisations: International Commission of Glass (ICG), International Conference on Coatings on Glass and Plastics (ICCG) and Society of Vacuum Coaters (SVC)

88

The World of Glass October 2013

Through this choice, the association wishes to honour the chairman of the GPD organisation committee, Jorma Vitkala, for more than two decades of dedicated and professional effort, as well as personal commitment, as the organiser and developer of the conference in addition to his other work.

Through his activities, he has promoted cooperation and information exchange within the glass industry, both in Finland and internationally, while establishing Finland within the industry and as a conference location.

When touring the world as a service and training engineer for Tamglass in the early 1980s, Jorma noticed that the same early-phase mistakes were being made everywhere. The idea of glass-specific process training for the company’s customers was conceived and GPD was born. “Without a doubt, Jorma is the most international and best-known Finnish glass expert and his networks are peerless”, comments Tahvo Sutela, founding member of the Flat Glass Association’s board and the GPD organisation committee.

acquired an extensive network and many friends, but also a taste for good food. A gastronomy and wine expert, Jorma is a member of the international Chaîne des Rôtisseurs.

Thousands of GPD visitors have profited from his passion over the years, while enjoying the sixcourse gourmet dinners and excellent wines carefully selected by Jorma each year and served in unlikely surroundings - from Glaston’s new machinery hall to the historical factory setting of Tampere City Museum.

A workaholic full of energy and crazy Another specialty of his are the evening proideas The Vitkala family’s beautiful home in Tampere shows what Jorma does during his rare leisure hours. Together with his wife Ritva, he has spent time perfecting their house and garden, down to the smallest detail.

Unsurprisingly, gardening is one of Jorma’s favourite hobbies, the others being reading and Nordic Walking. This spring, hundreds of tulips have risen from the soil of his garden.

On his trips around the world, he has not only

89

The World of Glass October 2013

grammes of the conferences, particularly special activities, which have occasionally met with mixed feelings. According to Jorma, the goal is to offer the guests not only information but also experiences: “The Farewell Party in the land of midnight sun has been an unforgettable event for many visitors from abroad. It is much easier to talk to total strangers at a party if everyone is dressed up in the same funny way”, he notes and adds with a laugh, “Koskenkorva schnapps served in eggshells turned out to be more memorable than the keynote speaker!”

Jorma Vitkala Celebrates his Award

Tim Macfarlane, a London-based glass consultant, has done groundbreaking work on using glass as a structural material. A frequent participant in the GPD, he lavishes praise on the event: “Jorma has turned the GPD into an essential event for everybody interested in glass and its use in construction and the vehicle industry. In the last 20 years, he has charmed and entertained participants from all over the world and offered them a forum where they can exchange ideas and learn from one another. Not only does Jorma remember the names of hundreds of participants during those unique summer night parties, but he always knows who should be introduced to whom. There’s no other organiser and director like him in the glass business, and his name is known internationally. I hope that his unique mixture of humour and boldness will continue to grace GPD events.”

Architects are welcome to the conference SAFA architect Matti Rautiola, General manager of the Building Information Foundation RTS, has been Jorma’s sparring partner in the choice of architectonically interesting objects and speakers since 1999.

He has been impressed by the latter’s astonishing ability to attract top architects, as well as glass experts from all over the world: “Jorma has a fun, original way of doing things and an incredible talent for paying personal attention to each and every guest, while keeping a grip of several events at the same time.

Matti hopes that more Finnish architects and students to participate in the conference: “The conference has plenty of contacts and information to offer, which architects could use in their projects. I fully understand how important time and money are in the daily business of architecture offices, and I know that most architects are based in Helsinki. For students, early June is an inconvenient time.

Nevertheless, I believe that participation is rewarding.”

90

The World of Glass October 2013

This year’s GPD Workshops will focus more on architects and designers The GPD 2013 will be held in Tampere on 13 - 15

designed by FRANK GEHRY, at the Jardin

June. The conference will include 170 presenta- d’Acclimatation in Paris and WTC Tower One, tions and feature more than 20 workshops. The

designed by SOM, in New York.

workshops focus on specific glass processes, struc- Examples will be presented in great detail and tural silicone glazing and the structural perform- have been selected with “All architects and strucance of laminated glass. In addition, the work-

tural designers in mind”, Jorma points out.

shops highlight well known buildings including, The complete workshop schedule for GPD 2013 is the Louis Vuitton Foundation’s glass sails, available at: www.gpd.fi

A GPD legacy: the glassfiles.com database and the new GPD Academy.

Over the years, conference material has been gathered into what is now an enormous database, which serves industry experts around the world.

Since it’s beginning in 1992, GPD has enjoyed the company of 11,000 delegates who have seen more than 1,000 speakers and over 3,000 presentations. The database also includes 8,000 pages of technical articles and will also offer access to a mailing list with over 30,000 glass industry contacts.

Both Glassfiles and GPD Academy aim to establish a worldwide traning and consultancy network.

The aim is to transfer knowledge from retired and senior professionals, with years of valuable contacts and experience, to the young glass professionals , architects, structural engineers and Universities.

91

The World of Glass October 2013

The gourmet’s preference on the garden grill: lamb.

The GPD Academy, owned by Hermia Ltd, located in Tampere, Finland will be a totally new organisation, independent of any commercial glass and glass machinery manyufacturers.

Future GPD to promote glass sales The Glass Builder of the Year 2013 Award was presented to Jorma at the Flat Glass Association’s annual meeting on 27 April. In his acceptance speech, the laureate stressed the high-tech nature of glass and its significance as an environmentally friendly material.

“In the future, I would like to steer the GPD programme more towards promoting glass sales, since so far we have been concentrating on glass producers and designers.

Glass technology offers plenty of features and possibilities that salespeople should be able to explain to stakeholders and consumers, which go way beyond energy efficiency requirements”, Jorma sums up.

Glass Performance Days GPD The GPD is an independent forum dedicated to developing the glass industry and providing an international forum for its experts. The GPD main event is held in Finland. Smaller conferences are organised biennially in India and Brazil, as well as annually in China. The GPD is accompanied by workshops and an exhibition.

Waldron spoke at the first GPD. The first event was a success, and the number of participants tripled in the following year. In 1995, only three years after its inaugural meeting, the Finnish GPD had become a truly global conference with 400 guests. The organizers decided to make it a biennial event, in order to keep the conference’s quality level high.

The first GPD, titled Glass Processing Days, was The five-day GPD 1997 was attended by 800 peostaged in Tampere in 1992. Conceived primarily ple. In the 2000s, short courses were added to proas a training event for production managers, it vide more in-depth knowledge. In 2005, the conwas attended by ca. 30 people from all over ference was renamed the Glass Performance Europe.

Days.

The current attendance record was set in 2007, At the same time, Pilkington introduced Low-E when more than 1,000 guests attended. Over two glass, which was tempered in Tamglass’ brand decades, more than 11,000 persons have particinew tempering line. This sparked the interest of pated in the GPD and more than 1,000 speakers major glass producers in the conference, and the have given over 3,000 presentations. organising committee was reinforced by Tahvo, who at the time was Pilkington’s technical expert The tightly packed schedule for GPD 2013 is in Finland. Tahvo brought Jorma into contact divided into two main subjects: glass refinement with Pilkington’s leading specialist Brian Waldron, chairman of the CEN committee TC129, and processing, and the use of glass in architecwhich prepares standards for architectural glass. ture. Further information: www.gpd.fi

92

The World of Glass October 2013

• Swingg & Slidingg Gatee Automations • Automaticc Rollingg Shutters • Automaticc Barriers • Automationn forr Parkingg Entrances • Foldingg Automaticc doorss • Cityy Bollardss Automations • Automaticc Sliding-- Openingg & Revolvingg Glasss Doorss

PRISMA S.A.SAFETY GLASS INDUSTRY Industriall Areaa off Thessaloniki,, Entrancee C,, 574000 Thessaloniki-- GREEC CE Τel.. +30-23100 - 7777 777,, FAX:: +30-23100 - 7777 778/9,, e-maill : sales@prismaglass.grr , http p : www..prismaglass.gr,, m www.facebook.com/prismaglass,, blog:: prismaglass.wordpress.com Εxhibitionn Hallss : 1stt inn Industriall Areaa off Thessaloniki-- 2nd d Amisiana,, Kavala-- GREECE