Recycling Product News January/February 2023, Volume 31, Number 1

AFTERMARKET FEATURES FOR WHEEL LOADERS

THE ROLE OF C&D WASTE IN THE LEED CERTIFICATION PROCESS

IS THERE A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR RED METAL?

It was 5:00 in the afternoon. The pin for the rotator on the sawhead sheared right off! I called my dealer and they reached out to SENNEBOGEN, and they had the part to us by 8:30 the next morning! That was a 500 lb part! I’m amazed that they could get it to us that fast. It’s been a good experience.

Derek Oneppo, Warwick Tree Service,

Coventry, RI

SENNEBOGEN’s 100,000 sq.ft. warehouse in Stanley, NC maintains the industry’s highest order-fill rate for any part for any in-service machine within 24 hours.

I’m amazed that they could get [the part] to us that fast

28

COVER STORY

AFTERMARKET WHEEL LOADER FEATURES DELIVER ULTIMATE VERSATILITY FOR RECYCLERS

36

18 INCREASE PROFITABILITY BY PROCESSING ZURIK TO ZORBA

42

IS THERE A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR RED METAL?

Q&A WITH BEAU JANZEN FROM COPPER RECOVERY

& SECTIONS

CONNECT WITH US @RecyclingPN

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2023 | VOLUME 31 • NUMBER 1

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FROM THE EDITOR

NEW YEAR, NEW PLASTICS LEGISLATION

As the new year rolls in, so does plenty of new legislation aiming to regulate plastic waste. Plastics recycling is undoubtedly one of the most controversial topics in recycling right now, and 2023 is shaping up to be a year that could further divide the industry.

Here in Canada, the federal government recently released the next steps in its ban on harmful single-use plastics to prohibit items such as cutlery, stir sticks, checkout bags, and food containers from being manufactured or imported into Canada, which will be followed by a ban on ring carriers starting in June. According to the government, the ban will eliminate over 1.3 million tonnes of hard-to-recycle plastics over the next decade.

The Government of Canada is also developing new regulations that will require plastic packaging to contain at least 50 percent recycled content, in addition to establishing new rules for labelling recyclable and compostable plastics and developing a plastic registry to hold producers responsible for their waste. Drafts of these regulations are set to be available at the end of this year.

Across the border, the Biden Administration recently passed the FY 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act which includes a number of directives relating to topics such as negotiating a global agreement to address plastic pollution, funding efforts to reduce ocean plastic pollution, and emphasizing plastics research, including microplastics and nanoplastics.

This influx of new regulations comes on the heels of the latest New Plastics Economy Global Commitment progress report which shows that the commitment to using only reusable, recyclable, or compostable plastic packaging by 2025 is unattainable for most businesses, driven partially by a lack of investment in collection and recycling infrastructure. Legislation plays a critical role in supporting these types of investments, and while there is no one-size-fits-all solution for the plastic problem, increasing the amount of materials that are being recovered, minimizing contamination, and effectively collecting and sorting recyclables are all vital to reducing reliance on virgin plastics and moving toward a circular economy.

Despite this new legislation providing a push in the right direction we’re still a long way off from coming anywhere near

full circularity. Data from the Environmental Protection Agency and plastic waste exports shows that the recycling rate for plastic fell to less than six percent for the United States in 2021. For comparison, the paper sector saw a recycling rate of 68 percent that same year, one of its highest ever.

While the recycling industry continues to find new and innovative solutions to combat the growing mountain of plastic waste, it’s clear that more infrastructure, resources, and incentives are needed from all sides to propel these changes. The act of recycling alone is not enough to completely eliminate plastic pollution – more policies and initiatives are needed to expedite the transition toward a truly circular economy.

While the recycling industry continues to find new and innovative solutions to combat the growing mountain of plastic waste, it’s clear that more infrastructure, resources, and incentives are needed from all sides to propel these changes.

The RighT Way Takes No shoRTcuTs

With shifting catalytic converter legislation, recyclers feel confident partnering with PMR for their processing needs. As a company committed to supporting a lawful and ethical industry, no converter shipment is accepted without a seller’s legal business documentation and registration validating their right to purchase and acquire catalytic converters.

PMR’s suppliers have access to a detailed history of their operations through online lot tracking and photo grading, helping them keep a record of the material type and origin of the converters they’ve

sent to processing. Through extensive invoicing, with precise material returns and assay results, suppliers create an accountable record of their finances.

PMR is committed to the long run, helping you get to your business goals while providing the peace of mind of doing things the right way, without taking any shortcuts.

REDWOOD MATERIALS TO SUPPLY PANASONIC WITH CATHODE MATERIAL

Panasonic will source Redwood’s cathode material for battery cell production in Panasonic’s new Kansas plant, targeted to come online in 2025.

In the next decade, global demand for lithium-ion batteries is projected to grow by more than 500 percent as more products aimed at combating climate change are created. A key component for all batteries is cathode material, which accounts for over half the cost of a battery cell. The cathode cost is significant because it contains all of the critical metals – lithium, nickel, and cobalt – in the battery and has a complex manufacturing process and functional specification that is integral to the performance and safety of an electric vehicle battery.

With the battery cell manufacturing landscape in North America expanding each day to meet the increasing demand, vast quantities of cathode material are necessary to supply the EV industry. However, there is currently no cathode production at scale in North America.

Redwood plans to build and expand the production of battery components, anode, and cathode in the U.S. and produce them from an increasing amount of recycled content. The company will make investments in the U.S. and will scale the technology and facilities over the next few years to bring cathode online and ramp production to 100 GWh – enough for 1 million EVs by 2025. By 2030, Redwood expects production of both anode and cathode to scale to 500 GWh/year of materials, enough to power five million electric vehicles.

Redwood’s partnership with Panasonic Energy of North America first began in 2019, and since then the cell production scrap from the factory in Nevada (where Panasonic is the battery cell manufacturer) has been recycled by Redwood. Panasonic will also be the first long-term buyer of Redwood’s anode copper foil, another essential component in lithium-ion battery production. With both anode and cathode components created from recycled materials, Redwood and Panasonic are establishing a closed loop for domestic cell production.

SURVEY SHOWS MANY MISCONCEPTIONS REMAIN AROUND EV BATTERY RECYCLING

Electric vehicle battery recycling is a booming industry –and the key to lowering the carbon footprint of EVs – but nearly half of Americans believe lithium-ion EV batteries are destined for landfills. A new study commissioned by Ascend Elements found that 47 percent of Americans think EV batteries cannot be recycled. More than one-third (37 percent) of Americans don’t understand that recycled lithium-ion battery materials can be used to make new EV batteries. Only 39 percent of Americans understand that the critical materials in lithium-ion EV batteries can be recycled over and over without performance loss.

The study was conducted by an independent research firm to survey a random sample of 1,004 U.S. consumers about their beliefs and attitudes regarding battery technology and electric vehicles.

According to the study, more than half (53 percent) of Americans say their attitude toward EVs is more positive than it was just three years ago, and 59 percent say electric vehicles (EVs) are better for the environment than gas-powered cars.

However, many myths and misconceptions remain, such as the fact that 33 percent of Americans believe lithium-ion batteries can be recycled in the household recycling bin, and more than one-quarter of Americans (27 percent) think it is fine to put used lithium-ion batteries in the household trash.

Other survey findings include:

• 40 percent of U.S. consumers say lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries aren’t really “greener” than internal combustion engines.

• 54 percent of U.S. consumers are concerned about what to do with lithium-ion EV batteries after they reach their end of life.

• 48 percent of U.S. consumers think that EVs will result in toxic landfills full of old lithium-ion batteries.

• 45 percent of U.S. consumers think the U.S. isn’t competitive when it comes to manufacturing lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries.

SPROSS TRIPLES AMOUNT OF SORTERS AT ZURICH FACILITY

Spross Transport & Recycling has purchased more ZenRobotics robotic sorters to recover more valuable fractions at the company’s Spross Recyclingwerk Zurich RWZ site. This facility processes 180,000 tonnes of construction waste and bulky household waste annually. Spross began working with ZenRobotics back in 2019 with an aim to increase the efficiency of its waste recycling operation.

Spross tripled the amount of heavy picker robot arms at its RWZ facility to sort fractions at a rate of 6,000 picks per hour – allowing it to earn more from valuable fractions or reduce the cost of elimination. So far, the robots have been recovering mainly concrete and stone for concrete production as well as wood and plastics and some metals.

“We are working 13 metres above ground and what amazed me was that these robots work perfectly in these difficult surroundings. This environment is dusty, it is not heated, and the ground vibrates all the time,” says Josef Binzegger, manager of disposal services at Spross-Groupe.

The waste sorting robots can sort up to four different types of fractions and can be programmed to detect new sorts of waste simply by running the waste through it and telling the robot which items need to be collected. This, along with the speed and precision that the robots picked, helped Binzegger with the decision to utilize more robotic sorters.

THE FUTURE OF COPPER

Demand for copper and its alloys is set to soften in 2023 before accelerating its growth in 2024 and beyond. How will this material’s recyclability help fill the growing gap between supply and demand for this metal?

Turn to page 42 to for this issue’s commodity focus.

GRANT HELPS CIRBA SOLUTIONS EXPAND EV BATTERY RECYCLING

Cirba Solutions has received an additional grant of $7.4 million from the Department of Energy under U.S. President Biden’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law’s Electric Drive Vehicle Battery Recycling and Second Life provision. Grant funds will support the scalability of lithium-ion processing out of its Lancaster, Ohio, facility to evaluate the advancement of lithium-ion processing and recycling technologies.

Creating U.S. processes and sources for critical materials used to make lithium-ion batteries will help strengthen lithium-ion supply chains in the U.S. by accelerating battery production to meet the increased demand for electric vehicles. At full operation, the Lancaster facility will be one of the largest commercial-scale electric vehicle material recycling facilities in North America, producing enough battery-grade critical minerals to power more than 200,000 new EVs annually.

Cirba Solutions has partnered with other companies to provide more products to the lithium-ion battery manufacturing supply chain. Momentum Technologies and 6K Inc. are key partners.

UBQ MATERIALS TO PRODUCE 80,000 TONNES OF BIO-BASED THERMOPLASTICS ANNUALLY

UBQ Materials has patented a thermoplastic material consisting entirely of unsorted household waste – including organics. The sustainable substitute for petroleum-based plastics will be manufactured using Vecoplan equipment. The company has contracted Vecoplan to supply all of the processing and storage equipment. For Vecoplan, this is the largest single order in its history.

In December 2021, cleantech company UBQ Materials commissioned the Vecoplan Group to supply the mechanical processing and storage technology for its plant in Bergen Op Zoom, Netherlands, which will have an annual production capacity of 80,000 metric tons. Vecoplan will be involved with its full range of capabilities. The start-up of the facility is planned for 2023.

USCC CALLS FOR RESEARCH INTO IMPACTS OF PFAS

The US Composting Council is calling for bans on the use of per-fluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) and immediate research to study their impacts on plant uptake.

The document notes the negative impact PFAS has on compost manufacturers. The compost industry is the passive receiver of chemicals through the products brought into facilities through food waste, biosolids, and green waste.

“Products containing PFAS and similar chemical make up of

products must be removed from circulation. We support [the] immediate need for government peer-reviewed research to determine scientifically based levels of harm of PFAS in soil. These research impacts are needed for the compost industry to take the right actions to mitigate any proven harmful impacts,” says Frank Franciosi, executive director of the USCC.

The synthetic chemical compounds have become ubiquitous in the environment. Certain PFAS/PFOS chemicals are considered more harmful than others and are no longer manufactured in the United States. Many others are still imported or manufactured and are used in products still sold.

The USCC’s statement also cautions regulators at state and federal levels that this scientific research is critical before regulations are put forward.

Legislation and regulation aimed at curbing PFAS/PFOS could significantly jeopardize the composting industry resulting in:

• Job losses at thousands of public and private composting operations throughout the country.

• An increase in the amount of organic waste being disposed of in landfills and incinerators.

• Halting and reversing the contributions made by the composting industry to soil health, water quality, and climate.

AQUA METALS PILOTS LITHIUMION BATTERY RECYCLING FACILITY

Aqua Metals has completed equipment installation and is now operating its lithium-ion battery recycling facility, utilizing electricity to recycle instead of intensive chemical processes, fossil fuels, or high-temperature furnaces.

Located at the company’s Innovation Center in the Tahoe-Reno Industrial Center in Nevada, the pilot is now operational with the introduction of feedstock into the automated system, enabling immediate recovery of critical minerals from spent lithium batteries.

The company’s Li AquaRefining technology is a low-emissions, closed-loop recycling solution capable of recovering all valuable metals, including high-purity lithium, manganese,

cobalt, and nickel from lithium batteries. The company’s goal is to demonstrate through the pilot operations its belief that Li AquaRefining is an ideal process that offers a lower-cost pathway to recycle critical minerals and achieve net-zero emissions.

Due to the opening of the pilot facility, Aqua Metals says that the company is on track to achieve targeted product specs for each high-purity metal, increase the amount of black mass the pilot facility can process, and recover battery-grade lithium hydroxide from spent lithium-ion batteries in commercial quantities by early 2023.

CANADA BANS CERTAIN HARMFUL SINGLE-USE PLASTICS

The Government of Canada has released the next steps in its ban on harmful single-use plastics. As of December 20, 2022, checkout bags, cutlery, food service containers, and wares made from hard-to-recycle plastics are prohibited from being manufactured or imported into Canada. The ban on the manufacturing and importation of ring carriers will enter into force in June 2023.

Over the next decade, this ban on harmful single-use plastics will result in the estimated elimination of over 1.3 million tonnes of hard-to-recycle plastics and more than 22,000 tonnes of plastic pollution, which is equivalent to over one million full garbage bags.

PROFESSIONAL HYBRID ELECTRIFIED MOBILE CRUSHING SOLUTIONS

FIRST AUTONOMOUS CRUSH CONTROL SYSTEM

Mineral Processing the pioneers in hybrid technology and the trailblazers of the new autonomous age that will change your daily business forever.

SINGLE-STREAM PROCESSING SYSTEM DELIVERED TO GUANTANAMO BAY

Machinex has successfully launched a new single-stream processing system as well as other various waste processing/baling/shredding equipment for the U.S. naval station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The project was a collaboration between Machinex, HDR, and RQ Construction.

Machinex because of the company’s experience in the recycling industry and because Machinex had the ability to offer a strong solution to the U.S. naval base.

“As this was a federal bid, it was a new and demanding process that required precision and the highest level of planning. Machinex not only kept schedules during tumultuous times but also was instrumental in making sure the entire project went as planned,” says Cody Phillips, on-site project manager for RQ Construction.

Jerome Lemay, the lead project manager for Machinex agrees. “When I first heard of this project and the intricacies involved, I thought it would be a challenge to plan all of the details knowing one little mistake could have a major impact on the schedule. One of the most interesting challenges was access to the island for both the equipment and our crews. The size of the project required a total of approximately 40+ containers. With RQ’s barge leaving only every two to three weeks for island delivery of the equipment, coupled with two naval planes in and out per week for crews, we were able to complete our tasks with the help of RQ Construction.”

SPOTLIGHT INTRODUCTIONS & UPDATES

Superior Industries MODULAR SKIRTING SYSTEM

Superior Industries’ modular skirting system controls dust and prevents spillage within conveyor load and transfer zones. The new skirting system retrofits to any brand of existing structure with little or no field fabrication. Two sets of adjustable legs aid in this universal installation, while easy-to-adjust clamping mechanisms are used in place of nuts and bolts to hold skirtboard rubber tight against the belt. An optional stilling zone is available to accelerate the settling of dust while material is moving inside the system. Superior’s modular skirting system is available in 5-foot (1.5 m) sections for conveyor belt widths up to 72 inches (1,728 mm).

Vermeer CONTAMINANT SEPARATOR

Vermeer’s CS3500 contaminant separator uses a combination of grizzly screens, shaker tables, vacuums, an air manifold, and an optional magnetic pulley to remove a wide range of contaminant types, helping recycling operations produce high volumes of quality compost and mulch. A 74-hp (55-kW) DEUTZ diesel hybrid electric engine powers the Vermeer CS3500 contaminant separator, while the machine’s full-function remote control allows operators to adjust settings, log machine data, and diagnose fault codes. Users can also make adjustments from the full-colour 7-inch (17.9-cm) touchscreen. The CS3500 comes with Vermeer telematics for monitoring engine hours, location, geofencing, and over-the-air programming.

Skirting system

Contaminant separator

ARJES

MOBILE TWIN-SHAFT SHREDDER

ARJES has optimized its IMPAKTOR 250 to create the IMPAKTOR 250 evo II. In the updated version, the transport height has been reduced to approximately 255 cm, making it 20 cm lower than the predecessor model. Due to the improved quick-change cassette for the shafts, pressure is no longer exerted on the fastening bolts during the crushing process. The new waveform plates are arranged as individual parts under the shafts and act as counter blades. By inserting or removing them, the gap width may be modified and the final grain size adjusted.

Haver & Boecker Niagara WIRELESS DIAGNOSTICS TOOL

Haver & Boecker Niagara’s Pulse Condition Monitoring (Pulse CM) is designed to monitor the health of vibrating screens using modern algorithms and artificial intelligence. It provides accurate measurements and forecasts complemented by information that is easy to understand. Pulse CM is a wireless diagnostics tool that helps mineral processing operations be proactive, rather than reactive, when it comes to maintenance efforts. This leads to increased efficiency, decreased downtime, and improved reliability. The system captures real-time information on monitored equipment and provides alerts via e-mail when it detects the first sign of potential problems.

EDGE Innovate MOBILE TROMMEL

EDGE Innovate’s latest wheel-mounted trommel provides operators with high production rates and extensive stockpiling capabilities due to its end discharge conveyor design. The TRM831 design prevents product cross-contamination and reduces the double handling of material. This is complemented by a remote operated, 180-degree radial fines conveyor as standard which has the capacity to stockpile up to 1,030 cubic metres (1,347 cubic yards). The EDGE TRM831 portable trommel is ideal for the high-capacity screening of various applications including topsoil, compost, sand, household waste, and construction and demolition waste. With a wide range of different drum types and screening media available, the EDGE TRM831 can be customized to suit the exact application requirements.

Twin-shaft shredder

Diagnostics tool

Mobile trommel

INCREASE PROFITABILITY BY PROCESSING ZURIK TO ZORBA

TRANSFORM A LOW-VALUE MATERIAL INTO A HIGH-VALUE AND COPPER-RICH PRODUCT

BY MIKE SHATTUCK

Arecent white paper from Eriez highlights separation equipment that efficiently upgrades Zurik to a more desirable and profitable Zorba fraction while also reducing scrapyard fire hazards.

Zurik typically contains many co-mingled metals with a high concentration of non-ferrous metals, stainless steel, and debris. Zurik is also expensive to recover and has little value compared to other products produced at shredder yards. The generally poor grade of Zurik commands a relatively low price, as Zurik needs to be processed further to make a millready product.

THE CHALLENGES OF PROCESSING ZURIK

In addition to the high cost of recovery and low value of the product, stockpiles of Zurik also generate heat and are widely believed to be one of the main causes of fires in scrapyards due to the hot metals surrounded by flammable debris. For more than a decade, car shredding operations have used

sensor-based sorting equipment to detect and reject stainless steel, circuit boards, and other metals missed by upstream eddy current systems from the final waste product before debris is sent to the landfill. This product is what is commonly referred to as Zurik.

The nature of Zurik is created when the sensor machines misplace a sizable percentage of debris along with the desired metal product. The result is a low-grade, co-mingled material which can be difficult to market. By using the Zurik to Zorba process, we can increase the value of the Zurik by transforming it into a high-grade Zorba product without debris.

Another significant advantage is that separating hot metal from the debris reduces the risk of fires originating in Zurik stockpiles.

THE ZURIK TO ZORBA PROCESS

The process of converting Zurik to Zorba begins with shredding the recovered Zurik down to -1/2 inch. There are multiple benefits of liberation, size reduction, and a smaller size distri-

bution of the product.

First, making all the products close in size allows for better separation and recovery on magnetic separators and eddy current separators. Since the finer non-ferrous material can only “jump” a certain distance when in contact with the eddy current magnetic field, the splitter needs to be brought into a location where the non-ferrous material can be recovered, yet large enough for the largest non-conductive material to pass under.

Second, the size reduction liberates all of the co-mingled metals, specifically copper wires, from small motors and other objects that typically end up in the Zurik product. The additional free copper in the product and elimination of debris increases the value of a Zorba product.

Equipment utilized within the Zurik to Zorba process consists of a ring mill, a small drum-type magnetic separator, a high-frequency eddy current separator, and a stainless steel magnetic separator. The size reduction and liberation of Zurik is key to ensuring this process provides the highest return.

Additionally, it has been determined that a ringmill shredder offers the best results for this process by providing a uniform size of -1/2 inch material. The liberation of this material at this size fraction ensures that ferrous and non-ferrous separation are of the highest recovery and grade once all material fractions are produced.

As the material has been liberated, a significant fraction of ferrous material is easily captured, producing a high-grade material. Due to the abrasiveness and quantity of ferrous products, a drum-type permanent magnetic separator is best suited. This self-cleaning, magnetically effective separator offers the highest recovery and grade of ferrous with minimal maintenance required and no downtime for manual cleaning.

Although the ferrous fraction is smaller in size, a professionally designed barium ferrite magnetic circuit provides the magnetic separation required for this process. The non-magnetic material fraction from the magnetic drum separator contains non-ferrous metals, weakly magnetic stainless steel,

The recovered Zorba sells at a premium price.

Equipment utilized in the Zurik to Zorba process consists of a ring mill, a small drum-type magnetic separator, a high-frequency eddy current separator, and a stainless steel magnetic separator.

The nature of Zurik is created when the sensor machines misplace a sizable percentage of debris along with the desired metal product. The result is a low-grade, co-mingled material which can be difficult to market.

changes necessary to repel the smallest conductive non-ferrous metals, including bare copper wire.

Car-Go-Net

“The preferred disposable”

• Fused joints won’t unravel

• Easy to apply in a single pass

• In stock for immediate shipment

In this case, material down to 1 mm is introduced to the machine and repelled. The recovery and grade of the Zorba (+95 percent) produced by the ultra-high-frequency eddy current separator produces material that sells at a premium price. This material can only be produced utilizing the technology found in this type of eddy current separator. Standard eddy current separators are only capable of recovering material coarser in size due to less frequency changes found in this type of magnetic circuit design and the larger size distribution.

The last step of the process is to recover the liberated and weakly magnetic stainless steel fraction. When a non-magnetic stainless steel material is work hardened, such as when ground or shredded, it can become paramagnetic (weakly magnetic). A magnetic separator with an exceptionally high, specifically designed magnetic circuit can produce a clean stainless steel fraction because of the magnetic susceptibility of the material. This type of separator incorporates a vibratory feeder that transports the material onto a small conveyor with a highly wear-resistant belt. As the material reaches the end of the conveyor, a magnetic head pulley holds the stainless steel material to the belt as it continues around the end of the conveyor.

The non-magnetic fraction continues its normal trajectory, while the magnetic fraction is discharged as the belt peels away from the magnetic head pulley. The waste fraction from this separator is residue that can be disposed of with the automotive shredder residue produced in the non-ferrous process.

Overall, by processing Zurik into Zorba, a processor transforms difficult-to-market, low-value Zurik that generates fire hazards into a high-grade, highly sought-after, and copper-rich Zorba. This copper-rich Zorba commands a higher price than standard Zorba, while also creating a fine saleable stainless steel product.

1-800-328-8456

MIKE SHATTUCK is the recycling market manager at Eriez.

An ultra-high-frequency eddy current separator is designed to operate with a high rotor speed.

Turnkey Automated Plant, process up to 4,000 Ib/hr. 20 years operating our own wire chopping line, selling, and servicing this equipment.

Parts fully stocked in CA and available for same-day shipping. Unparalleled support, service, and 3-year warranty.

Phoenix XD Plus

Phoenix XD PLUS, our top-of-the-range plant, can process roughly 4,000 lb/hr of ICW, depending on composition and yield, or roughly 270,000 lb/mo of mixed ICW in a single shift. The “Plus” configuration includes another 60-HP Cutting Mill and Infeed Conveyor to maximize production in a small space with low ceilings. With its low power consumption, Phoenix XD Plus offers the lowest processing cost per pound. Using two mills reduces material dwell time in the cutting chamber, while using screen with larger holes in the first Cutting Mill extends the knife life and system uptime through progressive downsizing. Its modular design allows for increased capacity with the addition of our plug-and-play “FRM1000” module in the future. Trust our experience and know-how to transform you from a recycler to a processor.

REUSE AND RECYCLE C&D WASTE FOR LEED CERTIFICATION

BUILD WITH SUSTAINABILITY IN MIND TO COMBAT WASTE MATERIALS AND PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT

BY NICOLLE PORTILLA

Each year, the construction and demolition (C&D) industry generates a substantial amount of waste in the form of concrete, soil, lumber, glass, plastic, drywall, and more. Processing these materials has already proven to be a challenge for contractors, something that will only be compounded as C&D waste is set to continue to grow to reach 2.2 billion tons globally by 2025, according to a report by Transparency Market Research.

While the waste produced from new construction is usually clean and uncontaminated, demolition waste is often mixed with other materials which creates numerous challenges when it comes to waste reduction. To combat the large amounts of waste materials and protect the environment, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification was developed to help create buildings that incorporate sustainability into every aspect of their development and construction. And since C&D waste is a part of the construction process, LEED certification must now address how to recycle these materials or add them to the circular economy.

To become LEED certified, a project must follow specific criteria that address factors such as carbon, energy, water, waste, transportation, and materials before going through a verification process. Part of this criteria includes having a plan in place for the recovery, reuse, and recycling of the resulting materials.

REUSING WASTE THROUGH PROPER HANDLING

As more construction sites pop up, they generate more waste. Even if engineers and contractors aren’t working toward LEED certification, it’s important to make eco-friendly choices about the waste they create. For those looking to earn LEED credits, they must handle their construction and demolition waste thoughtfully.

The latest rules for LEED certification have more of a focus on earning credit for properly handling C&D waste. This type of credit falls under the Materials and Resources (MR) category.

Architects pursuing LEED certification for their newest projects can use the rules in the LEED v4.1 in addition to the latest rules that make it easier to earn points. The newest rules focus on reducing the amount of C&D materials sent to landfills and incinerators; the U.S. Green Building Council instead aims to have the materials recovered, reused, or recycled.

SORTING AND SALVAGING MATERIALS

Earning LEED credits for C&D materials involves weighing the waste or determining the volume. Regardless of their choice, contractors need to be consistent throughout the project. Before measuring the waste, workers should remove excavated soil and land-clearing debris from the waste.

Contractors should calculate materials added to the alternative daily cover as waste, not as diversion. They should not include waste-to-energy materials except for wood waste converted into biofuel. International projects that cannot reuse or recycle enough to earn credits can turn to waste-to-energy to divert their C&D materials.

STANDARDS FOR EARNING CREDITS

Projects can earn one point toward LEED certification if they can divert 50 percent of the materials and create three material streams for the resulting waste at the end of the project. Another option is to divert 50 percent of the waste to a certified commingled recycling facility and an additional material stream. Commingled recycling facilities sort items, which is why they can satisfy two material streams.

Project engineers can divert 75 percent of the waste into four material streams to earn two points. If contractors choose

to divert 75 percent of the waste to a certified commingled recycled facility, they only need to divert two more streams to earn two points.

The final option is to earn two points by reducing the total C&D waste material at the site. Contractors must salvage or recycle the debris using waste-minimizing strategies. The standards include the following:

• Salvaging or recycling a minimum of 75 percent of renovation and demolition waste.

• Reducing new-construction waste to less than 7.5 pounds per square foot, except at warehouses.

• Reducing new-construction waste to less than 2.5 pounds per square foot at warehouse projects.

The construction and demolition industry generates a substantial amount of waste in the form of concrete, soil, lumber, glass, plastic, drywall, and more.

While the waste produced from new construction is usually clean and uncontaminated, demolition waste is often mixed with other materials which creates numerous challenges when it comes to waste reduction.

WHAT ARE WASTE STREAMS?

Different communities have various waste streams to collect and recycle. In most communities, the streams include paper, cardboard, glass, and plastic. Communities focused on renewable energy also have streams for bio-waste, wood, or textiles.

More complex waste streams collect electronic, vehicle, and construction waste. These waste streams can be complex because the larger items have more parts that need sorting. The complexity forces small communities moving toward zero waste to turn to third-party service providers.

Each waste stream properly handles the unique items that flow through it. Without proper handling, the waste can cause environmental damage and potential injuries to the employees working at the facilities. Proper handling removes chemicals and toxins so other components can be recycled or reused.

When contractors create their waste streams, they must ensure that the streams remain pure. This is because the wrong items in a stream could contaminate the dedicated stream. When a stream is contaminated, it becomes devalued, and the effort to help the environment becomes a strain on it instead.

THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND WASTE STREAMS

To become LEED certified, construction sites can take steps to reuse their materials. Considering that the construction industry creates significant waste, a plan to recover and reclaim materials should be incorporated into the project. For example, some engineers use excavated earth to make compressed earth blocks and clay plasters. Since excavated earth does not count toward LEED certification, engineers should look for ways to reuse construction materials.

The Ultimate in Recovery ™

Plastics also often end up in waste streams, but much of it can be reused or upcycled. For example, some companies reuse plastics from jars and soda bottles to make insulators, removing some of the millions of tons of plastics from waste streams.

Construction engineers can also turn to eco-friendly, sustainable practices to remove waste from their projects. With so many people moving to cities, engineers are beginning to look toward modular construction to remove the waste and energy used in new construction.

Overall, reducing waste from construction and demolition can be achieved by using alternative construction ideas. Otherwise, contractors must divert their waste materials into dedicated streams where they can be handled appropriately to reduce landfill and incinerated waste.

PORTILLA is the social media manager for RTS.

Our WALKER™ and JAVELIN™ brands of durable and powerful industrial scrap and separator magnets are capable of handling scrap and recycling operations of any size and capacity.

Even if engineers and contractors aren’t working toward LEED certification, it’s important to make eco-friendly choices about the waste they create.

A LONG WAY TOGETHER

WHEREVER YOU ARE, BKT IS WITH YOU

No matter how challenging your needs, BKT is with you offering an extensive product portfolio for every field such as agriculture, OTR and industrial applications.

BKT provides concrete, reliable and high-quality solutions to your requests and working needs. Wherever you are, BKT is with you.

MRF TO INSTALL EIGHT EVERESTLABS ROBOTIC SORTERS

THE SORTERS WILL HELP IMPROVE MATERIAL RECOVERY AND ADDRESS LABOUR SHORTAGES

EverestLabs has signed a contract to install up to eight RecycleOS-powered robotics cells at the Sims Municipal Recycling Sunset Park materials recovery facility in Brooklyn, New York. With four robotics cells installed in spring 2022

for the coming months, the MRF is experiencing significant cost savings and increased materials recovery.

New York City operates the largest curbside recycling program in the United States. As a result, Sims Municipal

than 300,000 tons of glass, metal, and plastic produced by NYC and several other municipalities in the New York and New Jersey metro region each year. Sims Municipal Recycling is the processor of 100 percent of the metal, glass, and plastic, and 50 percent of the paper collected by the NYC Department of Sanitation throughout the five boroughs. For Sims Municipal Recycling, this means speed and accuracy when picking and recovering recycled materials are essential.

EverestLabs’ robotics cells and RecycleOS technology will help improve Sims Municipal Recycling’s overall material recovery, help address the current labour shortage by augmenting human sorters, and deliver actionable data between MRF operators, CPG brands, and packaging manufacturers. With a small footprint, EverestLabs’ robotics cells can be installed on incline belts where it’s difficult for workers to recover materials. Sims Municipal Recycling currently has two robotics cells installed on its high-speed inclined belt and is able to further increase the efficiency and accuracy of materials recovery.

“EverestLabs’ RecycleOS is a critical technology for Sims Municipal Recycling to effectively recover recycla-

ble materials from the New York metropolitan area. We are experienced operators of MRFs and users of robotics in other locations. After extensive due diligence in the 2H of 2021, we chose EverestLabs for our Sunset Park location,” says Tom Ferretti, general manager at Sims Municipal Recycling. “These installations allow us and our partners to stay committed to sustainability while also saving us on costs and enable moving Sims Municipal Recycling’s key personnel into higher-priority positions across the plant. It is a win for NYC recycling as we are recovering more, for our team members, and plant safety and efficiency.”

By combining EverestLabs’ robotics cells with its RecycleOS AI software, MRFs have access to actionable data and automation that allow them to continually optimize their plant operations and increase their recyclables recovery rates substantially while lowering costs.

“Today’s landfills are overflowing with materials meant for recycling. Exacerbating this problem is the myriad of challenges faced by MRFs, from staffing issues to equipment inefficiencies and lack of real-time data to optimize recovery every minute,” says JD Ambati, founder and CEO at EverestLabs.”

EverestLabs has signed a contract to install up to eight RecycleOS-powered robotics cells.

OverBuilt Car Crushers boast the highest opening and fastest cycle times in the industry. The crane on our Baler Logger has a 26.5-foot reach with a 5000 pound lift at 25 feet.

CAR CRUSHERS & BALER LOGGERS

The new model 4 E-Z log Baler is just what mid size scrap yards have been asking for! Priced right for any yard — small, mid size, or large!

Like the Model 3, the NEW Model 4 has no set up time and a very low cost to operate. The one man operations are all handled from the newly designed cab. With the 400º rotation crane and a reach of 27’ adding the continuous rotation grapple, it makes loading the larger chamber a breeze. Taking your loose scrap to a highly sought after shreddable log.

— Cycles in under 2 minutes!

— Produces up to 70 tons per day.

— Fully portable in the closed position.

— New seat design for more operator comfort.

AFTERMARKET WHEEL LOADER FEATURES

DELIVER ULTIMATE VERSATILITY FOR RECYCLERS

BY ERIC YEOMANS

Many wheel loaders used in waste and recycling applications have aftermarket features added, but have you considered a full, factory-installed package to really protect your investment and improve upon its performance? Let’s examine the value of going all-out on one of your most important machines.

CHOOSE THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR THE JOB

First of all, you should start with a machine that is purpose-built for the safety, dependability, and cost efficiency required in the waste industry. Wheel loaders in this environment are put through the wringer.

I think we can all agree that safety comes first, which is why you should look for a loader with excellent all-around visibility and features like handrails, cab entrance lights, and anti-slip steps and platforms.

A comfortable operator is a less fatigued and safer operator, so logically grouped switches and adjustable steering columns, seats, and armrests are helpful too. In waste environments, a quality cabin air filtration system and sufficient soundproofing are crucial.

Reverse-By-Braking is a patented Volvo function that slows the machine when the operator wants to change direction by reducing engine rpms and automatically applying the service brakes, reducing stress on the drivetrain.

This combination can increase overall fuel efficiency by up to 15 percent, which is a lot when you consider the cost that fuel adds to your waste operation.

And speaking of brakes, they are a common cause of downtime in this industry, so look for features like forced-oil-cooled, outboard-mounted wet disc brakes and a differential lock in the front axle.

STRENGTHEN YOUR WHEEL LOADER WITH GUARDING

Waste packages for wheel loaders offer multiple kinds of guarding, which is critical for the harsh environments in which these machines work. These can include:

Radiator grill guards protect the grill, cooling fan, radiator, and condenser cores from damage.

Window and windshield guards are custom made to minimize glass breakage and are hinged from the front for easy maintenance.

Front and rear belly guards completely enclose the components located within the frame, including the driveshaft, universal joints, and hydraulic lines (front), and engine and transmission (rear).

Steer cylinder guards protect exposed parts, including the steer cylinders, transmission, and hydraulic and electrical lines and connections.

Headlight and taillight guards protect all lights and turn signals from debris that may break or damage the lenses.

Boom cylinder, hose, and tube guards are used to cover the hoses connecting the boom cylinders to the main valve.

Wheel/axle seal guards keep material from wrapping around the axles and damaging the axle seals.

Front frame cover plate prevents debris from collecting inside the front frame while also protecting the main hydraulic valve and its connections.

The importance of rollover protection structure (ROPS) and falling object protection structure (FOPS) cannot be understated. And a fire suppression system is a safety and productivity feature every waste machine should have.

Because waste and recycling wheel loaders work so hard, you also want to look for a strong powertrain and linkages. For example, you want high torque at low rpms and high-flow, load-sensing hydraulics for fast hydraulic speeds and good fuel efficiency.

Torque parallel linkage offers high breakout torque and parallel lift at all heights, which is great for attachment angles that preserve visibility. Z-bar linkage offers high breakout force at ground level, which is ideal for filling a bucket.

One outstanding feature offered on certain Volvo wheel loader models is OptiShift, which includes a lock-up torque converter and Reverse-By-Braking technology. The lock-up torque converter increases cycle speed and reduces fuel consumption, even at low rpms.

COMPLETING THE PACKAGE

Wheel loader owners and operators know that one of the most important – and expensive – parts of these machines is tires. Good waste packages will have a solid tire option for added durability.

Volvo offers two types of solid tires: smooth and traction. Smooth tires are good for dry conditions, but if you have wet conditions or are operating on a concrete floor in a transfer station, traction tires are much better. These tires also have holes in the sidewalls to provide additional comfort.

Another smart addition to the package is a precleaner for the cab and engine air filters. This reduces contamination, helps extend the life of the filter and provides a better operator experience.

Many application-specific packages bring attachments into the equation as well. The right attachments with the right kind of durability-boosting features will go a long way toward keep-

Environmental demands regarding waste disposal and recycling have increased dramatically in recent years. Much more is expected not only of those working with waste, but also of those supplying the machines to gather, sort, process, and dispose of the growing mountains of waste.

ing your machine productive. A long boom makes easy work of loading high trucks and stacking high piles, keeping the tires safely away from hazardous material and minimizing the risk of damage.

A logical machine design will include easy access to areas requiring regular maintenance. If you can reach grouped maintenance points from the ground, even better. An auto lubrication system, maintenance-free batteries, and a self-cleaning reversible fan are also major perks.

coaching, and tire pressure monitoring. Volvo Construction Equipment calls this Load Assist.

A final feature worth mentioning is something Volvo Construction Equipment launched called Collision Mitigation. It’s an active braking system using radar and the Reverse-By-Braking functionality. The system works in reverse direction independent of gear lever position and will actively brake the machine if an obstacle is detected in close proximity behind it. The operator still has full responsibility for the machine and should always be aware of their surroundings, but Collision Mitigation will assist in preventing or reducing the impact, depending on machine speed and ground conditions.

WASTE PACKAGES FROM VOLVO CE

Environmental demands regarding waste disposal and recycling have increased dramatically in recent years. Much more is expected not only of those working with waste, but also of those supplying the machines to gather, sort, process, and dispose of the growing mountains of waste. Finding a comprehensive solution will help lead you to success.

Volvo CE offers an exhaustive waste and recycling package for wheel loaders, as well as a wide range of purpose-built loaders designed for maximum safety, dependability, and cost efficiency.

It’s smart to consider a waste package that includes telematics and/or a diagnostic system to support your loader’s uptime. The most advanced telematics systems can drastically reduce your time spent deciphering fault codes and preventing or repairing issues.

Assistive software is another technology that will support productivity with features like on-board weighing, real-time

Ultimately, one of my best pieces of advice to you when looking for a new machine is to work with dealers and OEMs who can function as true partners to your organization.

ERIC YEOMANS is the product manager of GPE Products at Volvo Construction Equipment.

Ultimately, one of my best pieces of advice to you when looking for a new machine is to work with dealers and OEMs who can function as true partners to your organization.

A Volvo L35G scrap handler.

WHEEL LOADER FEATURES FOR WASTE & RECYCLING

ROPS, FOPS, and additional guarding

Long boom option

Strong powertrain and linkage options

Advanced telematics or diagnostic system

Assistive technology: on-board weighing, operator coaching, and tire pressure monitoring

Handrails and anti-slip steps

Cabin air filtration and soundproofing

Cab and engine air pre-cleaners

Smooth and traction solid tire options

Reverse-bybraking

Optional fire suppression system

Reversible cooling fan with axle oil cooler

Radiator grill and light guards

Collision mitigation

Front and rear

WHEEL LOADERS FOR

DOOSAN DL-7 SERIES

1Combining performance with fuel efficiency, the Liebherr L 566 XPower wheel loader is ideal for tasks such as sorting, separating, and loading recyclables and solid waste quickly and reliably, as well as loading and compressing bulk cargo in high walking floor containers. The L 566 minimizes fuel consumption by up to 30 percent, in addition to minimizing tire wear and brake wear at maximum handling capacity, reducing operating costs. Service accessibility is easy with all daily maintenance points within safe and convenient reach. Liebherr also offers a comprehensive range of special equipment for waste management, including attachments and tires.

2

The Cat 938M waste handler features a high torque, low speed C7.1 engine that works with an intelligent hystat powertrain to deliver fuel efficiency as standard. A complete range of guarding and debris management solutions are available to protect the machine from the harsh environments of waste handling applications. The machine guarding is purpose-built to protect the machine’s major components and systems to maximize production rates. Wheel torque can be finetuned to match the underfoot conditions and maximize performance while extending tire life. Cat waste handlers feature wheel torque adjustments through an exclusive Rimpull Control feature designed to keep operating costs low.

3At the core of CASE Construction Equipment’s 721G waste handler is a specialty guarding package that includes metal-wrapped hoses, cylinder guards, a windshield guard and light protection, guarding built to shed material from collecting in critical articulation and operational points, and solid brawler tires to protect against flats. The guarding that protects the articulation points and other critical components is vital to machine uptime and performance as it prevents long-term wear and abrasion that can lead to equipment failure. Since recycling centres deal heavily in flammable materials, such as paper and cardboard, CASE has also built its G Series wheel loaders specifically to keep engine compartment temperatures down.

Doosan’s waste and recycling kit for its DL-7 range of wheel loaders is the first of its type for Doosan wheel loaders and is designed to help operators work safely in the hazardous conditions that often accompany waste handling and recycling applications, including airborne dust, dirt, and other dangerous materials. The kit is available for all Doosan wheel loader models from the DL200-7 through to the DL480-7, which is the range that is most widely used in waste applications. There are many new safety features provided in the kit, including windshield guards, rim covers, road light protection, other protective covers, a fine mesh air intake cover, and solid tires.

BY SLONE FOX, EDITOR Slone Fox

Q & A THE BENEFITS OF INVESTING IN WIRE PROCESSING EQUIPMENT

When it comes to recycling scrap cables and wires, business owners have two main options: sell the cables as-is for a fraction of the price, or invest in equipment that will enhance the overall quality of the end product and boost profits. Wire strippers and choppers play a vital role in the recovery of these valuable materials by removing the plastic or rubber insulation from the wires, leaving behind a pure copper core that can be sold for double to triple the price of unprocessed wires. Like all equipment, there are countless factors to take into account before investing in a wire stripper and chopper. I caught up with Beau Janzen, manager of Copper Recovery, to discuss some of the most notable benefits of these machines, the types of operations that can benefit from them, and how his company’s modular cable recycling systems help recyclers of all sizes increase their processing capacity.

One of the main benefits of stripping and granulating wires is a more profitable, higher-quality end product. How significant is the difference in return between selling processed wire versus insulated wire, and what are some key differences?

The difference is an absolute game changer for any business currently selling ICW (insulated copper wire). For starters, if you are boxing or baling material, you have to make your best guess as to the average yield of the package. Over the years, we’ve seen even very organized and sophisticated companies that have been in business for generations estimating incorrectly time and time again. One must consider that, ultimately, the material will need to be processed in cable recycling machinery to be recycled into something new. For every step along the path to the

final processor, somebody is making money that could have remained in the business.

How long can recyclers expect it to take to get a return from investing in these

machines?

Payback is heavily dependent on purchase price and volume processed. Every one of our clients is different. Some generate material as a by-product of their normal operations, such as demolition companies or cable manufacturers. Demolition companies can often pay for the machine a couple times over with one large project as we’ve seen multiple times. A more typical situation is the scrapyard that has a combination of B2B and the general public delivering material directly to them. The most important question on everybody’s mind is “how much more can I make?” by processing material in-house. Being processors ourselves for over two decades, as well as manufacturers of the machinery, we can get very specific if a potential client advises how much they pay for a given material and how much they could sell it for. This conversation is a revelation for most, and is frequently followed by “how soon can we get it?”

Beau Janzen

With our base unit, Phoenix, material is hand-fed onto a conveyor belt directly into the granulator. The infeed material must fit into the opening which is 12 x 18 inches and 22 inches diagonally. We advise our clients to cut the material into soccer ball size bundles. No steel or jelly wire is allowed. In cases where there is light oil or grease contamination, they can introduce an absorbent powder into the system to neutralize the effects which can be problematic on the gravity sep-

arator as material must be dry and free flowing to separate. All other configurations utilize Wagner brand pre-shredders. These shredders are specifically configured for cable recycling and can shred light steel as you may encounter with armored MC/BX cables.

All configurations with shredders include an overbelt magnetic separator. All configurations include a high-powered magnetic drum separator to guarantee ferrous-free copper chops as standard. The shredder doesn’t care about cable size, as an automatic pusher is included that goes back and forth, feeding material into the rotor to be cut. Material size is only limited by the size of the cutting chamber, which is 40 x 41 inches on the smaller WS22 shredder for Phoenix Direct, our most economical model that includes a shredder. The WS30, which is included with Phoenix XD and Phoenix XD Plus, has a 41- x 53-inch cutting chamber.

Modular cable recycling systems create an opportunity for smaller recyclers to increase their processing capacity without losing their initial investment.

What are the requirements for the materials that can be processed by the granulators in terms of things such as cable size, type, and contamination?

At what volume does it start to make sense for recyclers to invest in these machines, and what size of operations benefit from these machines the most?

For Phoenix, we recommend a minimum of 30,000 pounds per month of ICW. Clients in the past who started with hand feeding ultimately upgraded to a configuration which includes a shredder once they grow their business to reach over 60,000 pounds per month. Our cable recycling equipment is suitable for any size recycler handling ICW. We have numerous momand-pop clients as well as Fortune 500 companies who have multiple machines at multiple locations.

What are the main benefits of having a modular system?

Modular cable recycling systems or wire choppers create an opportunity for smaller recyclers to increase their processing capacity and grow their business over time without losing their initial investment. Offering equipment with a lower barrier to entry in a niche market like cable recycling evens the playing field by allowing smaller companies to be competitive from the start. One can get into the market by just having a hand-fed Phoenix, and at any time in the future, add modules for increased capacity. The system is plug and play, and every base unit has all the functionality built in from the start to accommodate any additional equipment.

Granulating copper wires results in a high-quality end product that is more profitable than insulated wire.

TECHNOLOGY

SBM TO RELEASE FIRST FULLY AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SBM’s REMAX 600 tracked mobile impact crusher will feature what SBM says is the first fully automatic production monitoring and control system. Once available, it will combine an innovative sensor system and video technology with powerful communication networks and other technological innovations, such as automatic gap adjustment, to bring artificial intelligence into mobile processing.

A group of interdisciplinary teams from the Leoben Chair of Mineral Processing and SBM’s research department has been working on the autonomous crushing concept for more than two years, with the goal of stepping up from today’s extensively monitored and optimized crushing operations to fully automated production using machine learning.

Through the project, the machines are able to independently assess feed material and final products using sensors and camera systems; they can also register load conditions of the crusher and conveyors and optimize separation processes down to overbelt magnetic separators and wind sifters. SBM’s Crush Control system validates operating conditions and

material properties in real-time, then sends that data to SBM remotely. From there, a “digital twin” is created that matches the machine data with thousands of stored reference points that come from sources such as lab tests and quality testing. Using that information, the best potential method of optimization is sent back to the machine control system, allowing for immediate adaptation on the machine’s part without any need to stop work.

SBM says that autonomous crushing will support users and operators by using data to do tasks such as selecting the right screening equipment when plants are relocated, or feed materials are changed. An interactive menu control will help inexperienced and experienced operators alike to precisely adjust the production process depending on parameters, such as maximum output, minimum fuel consumption, or type of final product required. A newly integrated tool monitoring system in the impact crusher counteracts shortfalls in quality due to wear, and adds support for greater preventive maintenance.

SBM’s REMAX 600 tracked mobile impact crusher.

KLEEMANN EXPANDS DIGITAL PLATFORM CONNECTIVITY APP

Kleemann’s SPECTIVE interface system makes crushing plant controls easier to manage by allowing the operator to adjust settings, see visual representations of machine faults, and view troubleshooting steps from one control panel. Now, the company has expanded this solution to include SPECTIVE CONNECT, an app that allows all relevant information and reporting to be displayed on a smartphone. Because of this, operators no longer have to leave the cab or interrupt the work process to view vital machine information such as diesel fill level, average fuel consumption, average plant performance, gap setting, and utilization rate.

Through the app, operators can see that diesel levels are low and order fresh supplies directly from the driver’s cab, or view the

machine utilization rate and regulate loading accordingly. They can also receive data on the daily output already achieved and compare it to the previous day.

The SPECTIVE CONNECT app automatically generates reports on consumption and

plant performance as well as plant usage that can then be forwarded by message or email, ensuring transparency across the entire process.

SPECTIVE CONNECT is currently available as an option for the new MOBICAT MC 110(i) EVO2 jaw

crushing plant and the new MOBICONE MCO 90(i) EVO2 cone crushing plant. Further SPECTIVE machines will be equipped or retrofitted with app compatibility gradually. The app is available for both iOS and Android smartphones.

Prevent your process from coming to a grinding halt

Choose

Size reduction is tough work that can push equipment to the extreme. At Herbold, we know that granulator performance and durability is critical to your success. That’s why we build our equipment to deliver maximum throughput and require minimal maintenance and downtime.

Here’s how:

• Double Cross Cutting Action – Reduces Jams and Material Fines

• Adjustable Bed and Rotor Knives – Maintain Constant Cutting Circle

• Safe, Easy Access to the Grinding Chamber – for Improved Maintenance, Screen Changes and Machine Cleanout

• Replaceable Armor Plating Inside the Cutting Chamber

• Faster and Safer Knife Changes – Adjustments are Made in Jig Outside of Granulator

• Available Force Feeders – Increase Throughput by 50% - 80%, Reducing Power Consumption

Kleemann’s SPECTIVE CONNECT app.

IS THERE A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR RED METAL?

HOW WILL COPPER’S RECYCLABILITY HELP FILL THE GROWING GAP BETWEEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND?

BY RADHIKA OJHA

There’s a sense of déjà vu in the copper market as 2023 begins. Trends that defined the beginning of a supercycle toward the end of 2021 into the beginning of 2022 have returned, but for different reasons.

The price of copper regained ground to cross the $4/pound mark as January 2023 began, and though the price has remained persistently above this mark through most of January, it is driven this time around by a lack of supply rather than strong demand, which defined the first quarter of 2022.

Some projections also expect the global copper market’s growth to slow down before accelerating again next year. For instance, the International Copper Study Group (ICSG) has forecasted a growth in copper consumption and demand despite recessionary pressures decelerating its growth this year.

A copper market deficit of 325,000 mt (metric tons) in 2022 is forecast to narrow down to 155,000 mt in 2023 by the ICSG. Global consumption is also expected to decelerate and grow at a slower pace of 1.4 percent to 26.18 million mt in 2023 against a growth of 2.2 percent to 25.82 million mt last year.

Financial house ING’s research arm has also forecast a weak short-term outlook for the copper market amid a slowdown in China’s economy, the largest consumer of copper and copper scrap. Still, supply is expected to remain tight as ING projects copper prices to remain well above historical levels.

Still, in the long term, both ICSG and ING expect improved copper demand following the increasing use of this metal in electric vehicles (EVs) and the renewable energy sector as the world consciously moves toward fulfilling its net-zero carbon goals by 2050.

Demand for copper and its alloys is set to soften in 2023 before accelerating its growth in 2024 and beyond.

A RENEWED FOCUS ON COPPER RECYCLING

The availability of primary copper is expected to remain soft throughout 2023 given the political protests, drought situation, labour issues, and lower ore grades at copper mines in Peru and Chile, the world’s largest primary copper producers.

Globally, focus has increased on the usage of recycled copper and its alloys to narrow the supply demand gap for the material. This has led to increasing imports of copper and brass scrap by Asian countries, especially China and India, from exporters like the U.S.

For example, between January and November 2022, China imported 270,430 mt of copper and brass scrap from the U.S. alone, up 26 percent from 214,787 mt during the 11 months of 2021, according to the latest U.S. Census Bureau data.

India, another large buyer from Asia, increased its shipments of red metal scrap from the U.S. by 66 percent to 80,229 mt from 48,346 mt in the 11 months under review. On the other side of the Atlantic, Canada’s imports of U.S. copper scrap stood at 100,812 mt, down 5 percent from 106,470 mt in this time frame.

Overall, copper scrap shipments from the U.S. increased by 2.5 percent 864,237 mt between January and November 2022 from 843,282 mt in the corresponding time frame of 2021.

However, the continued lockdowns in China due to COVID-19 and a softening in demand due to high copper prices reflected in lower exports of the material from the U.S. during November 2022. Shipments in this month declined annually by 12.6 percent to 72,870 mt from 83,409 mt, continuing a trend of decline that first began in October 2022.

IMPORTER PREFERENCES PLAY A KEY ROLE

The top importers also had a preference in the material they bought. For example, China’s imports of #1 copper far exceeded its purchases of bare bright and #2 copper from the U.S., though the latter is a much sought-after grade by the country’s smelters.

Between January and November, China imported 54,650 mt of #1 copper against 46,158 mt of #2 copper and 17,710 mt of bare bright copper scrap from the U.S.

Spreads for these grades have therefore naturally remained relatively tight despite softer demand toward the end of the year. For example, the Davis Index spread for #1 copper wire and tube averaged around 14–16¢/pound last year, dipping to around 22.6¢/pound in March 2022 as the world felt the ramifications of Russia’s war on Ukraine.

Similarly, the spreads for #2 copper averaged in the 35–40¢/ pound range through last year, peaking to around 30¢/pound in October 2022 when China bought large volumes of this material.

Overall U.S. exports of #1 copper ticked up between January and November by 41.8 percent to 89,577 mt against 63,166 mt in the 11 months of 2021, followed by bare bright which increased by 29.1 percent to 75,703 mt from 58,640 mt in the same period under review. Exports of #2 copper climbed by 0.7 percent to 109,499 mt during this time frame from 108,759 mt.

It remains to be seen whether the year will be kind to the global trade of copper scrap, but for now it seems tight spreads and high prices are here to stay.

RADHIKA OJHA is senior editor at Davis Index, a market intelligence platform for the ferrous and non-ferrous metals and recycling industry. She covers the U.S. copper markets and can be reached at radhika.ojha@davisindex.com.

WE DRIVE BUSINESS TOGETHER

WasteExpo has always been a moving experience. WE move products, people, tech—and the needle.

Need proof? Take look at these numbers: 97% of attendees recommend WasteExpo to a colleague, 50% influence or recommend buying decisions, 37% make final purchase decisions and nearly a quarter ask for a price quotation.

So make your move to WasteExpo and join over 14,000 of the best minds in the business.

CREATE HIGH-QUALITY COMPOST

CHOOSE

ORGANIC TREATMENT PROCESS TURNKEY SOLUTIONS

Extracting valuable material while removing contaminants

At Machinex, we offer various turnkey treatment solutions to remove contaminants from organic material thus creating a high-quality final product. Our equipment and knowledge enhance well-know organic processes such as anaerobic digestion, composting treatment, and fuel preparation from organic material.

ABOUT ELV SELECT EQUIPMENT

ELV Select Equipment provides processing equipment solutions for improving your current procedures within various recycling and waste industries. We carry top of the line brands that stand out in quality, performance and lifetime longevity: Taurus offers product lines of powerful pre-shredders, balers and shear balers. SEDA is a world leader in ELV decommissioning equipment and Electric Vehicle (EV) recycling. CMB is a line of hydraulic attachments for demolition, forestry and handling. Ecohog supplies a line of machines for various down stream separation operations, to complete the lifecycle of recycling.

BOB VANLEEUWEN - Taurus & CMB Sales Rep.

HENK HUIJGEN - SEDA Sales Rep.

JAMES TUNNICLIFFE - Ecohog Sales Rep.