UTLYSNING AV STIPEND 2023 FRA DR. ALEXANDER MALTHES LEGAT

Alexander Malthe (1845-1928) har vært banebrytende i norsk kirurgi. Han arbeidet ved

Rikshospitalet, og startet privat kirurgisk praksis i Christiania. Malthe hadde flere studieopphold i utlandet, bla London, Paris og Tyskland. Han utførte den første appendicitt operasjonen i Norge (1889), den første ventrikkelreseksjonen (1897), og den første elektive brokkplastikken.

Malthe var en holden mann og donerte 1 mill. til Den Kirurgiske Forening i Oslo. Dr. Alexander Malthes legat ble opprettet i 1920. Avkastningen skulle brukes til det beste for unge norske kirurger.

Da Oslo kirurgiske forening ble lagt ned, ble legatet med beholdning ca 1,9 millioner overført til Norsk kirurgisk forening i 2014. Forretningsførervervet har fra legatets opprettelse vært utført av familien Mellbye, og i dag er det 4. generasjon som innehar denne posisjonen.

• Dr. Alexander Malthes legat tilhører Norsk kirurgisk forening og består av et legatstyre (Arne Christian Mohn, Anstein Bergan og Olaug Villanger) samt en forretningsfører.

• Formålet til legatet er å fremme norsk kirurgi i form av reisestipend, fortrinnsvis til engelsktalende land, for dyktige, yngre leger til videre utdannelse. Søkere i overlegestilling vil ikke bli vurdert for stipendtildeling.

• Dr. Alexander Malthes legat vil også i 2023 dele ut stipendmidler. Søknad med kort beskrivelse av formålet og med budsjettforslag sendes legatstyret ved leder Olaug Villanger, mail ovillang@ous-hf.no

• Søknadsfrist for stipend er 1. september 2023.

• Stipendmottagerne må levere en kort reiserapport med angivelse av faglig utbytte til publiseringen i Kirurgen. Reiserapporten sendes til legatstyret ved leder ovillang@ous-hf.no innen 1 mnd etter gjennomført reise/kongress.

S48: EN KORT INNFØRING I LEVERENS ANATOMI OG FYSIOLOGI

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S52: LEVERRADIOLOGI FOR KIRURGER

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S58: BENIGNE SOLIDE LEVERLESJONER

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2. Renzulli M, Golfieri R et al. Morphological, dynamic and functional characteristics of liver pseudolesions and benign lesions. La radiologia medica 2022 Feb;127(2):129-144.

3. Reizine E, Mulé S, Luciani A. Focal Benign Liver Lesions and Their Diagnostic Pitfalls. Radiol Clin North Am. 2022 Sep;60(5):755-773.

4. Torkian P, LiJ, Kaufmann JA, Jahangiri Y. Effectiveness of Transarterial Embolization in Treatment of Symptomatic Hepatic Hemangiomas: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2121; 44(1):80-91.

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6. Vijay A, Elaffandi A, Khalaf H. Hepatocellular adenoma: An update. World J Hepatol 2015; 7 (25): 2603-2609.

7. Dokmak S, Belghiti J. Will Weight loss become a future treatment of hepatocellular adenoma in obese patient? Liver Int 2015; 35:2228-2232.

8. Nault JC, Paradis V, Ronot M, Zucman-Rossi J. Benign liver tumours; understanding molecular physiology to adapt clinical management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022; 19 (11): 703-16.

9. Nault JC, Couchy G, Balabaud C, Zucman.Rossi J et al. Molecular Classification of Hepatocellular Adenoma Associates With Risk Factors, Bleeding, and Malignant Transformation. Gastroenterology 2017; 152; 880-894.

10. van Rosmalen BV, Furumaya A, Klompenhouwer AJ, Tushuizen ME, Braat AE, Reinten RJ, Ligthart MAP, Haring MPD, de Meijer VE, van Voorthuizen T, Takkenberg RB, Dejong CHC, de Man RA, IJzermans JNM, Doukas M, van Gulik TM, Verheij J; Dutch Benign Liver Tumor Group and the PALGA group. Hepatocellular adenoma in men: A nationwide assessment of pathology and correlation with clinical course. Liver Int. 2021 Oct;41(10):2474-2484.

11. Tae-Hyung K, Sungmin W, Ebrahimzadeh S, McInnes MDF, Gerst SR, Do RK. Hepatic Adenoma Subtypes on Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis AJR 2023 Jan;220(1):28-38.

12. Rodrigues BT, Nicoll AJ et al. A systematic review on the complications and management of hepatic adenomas: a call for a new approach. Eur J Gastr & Hep 2020 Aug;32(8):923930.

13. van Rosmalen RV. Safety and efficacy of transarterial embolization of hepatocellular adenomas. Br J Surg. 2019 Sep;106(10):1362-1371.

14. van Rosmalen BV, Coelen RJS, Bieze M, van Delden OM, Verheij J, Dejong CHC, van Gulik TM. Systematic review of transarterial embolization for hepatocellular adenomas. Br J Surg. 2017 Jun;104(7):823-835.

15. Crawford D, Naidu S, Patel I, Knuttinen G, Alzubaidi S, Oklu R. Bland Embolization of Benign Liver Tumor: Review of the Literature and a Single Center Experience. J Clin Med. 2021; 10 (4).

16. Chun YS, House MG, Kaur H et al. SSAT/AHPBA Joint Symposium on Evaluation and Treatment of Benign Liver Lesions. J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17 (4): 636-44.

17. Smolock AR, Cristescu MM, Potretzke TH, Ziemlewiwcz TJ, Lubner MG, Hinshaw JL, Brace CL, Lee FT. Microwave Ablation for the Treatment of Hepatic Adenomas. J vasc Interv Radiol 2016; 27:244-249.

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S64: LEVERCYSTER – EN OVERSIKT OVER DE VANLIGSTE LEVERCYSTENE

1. Rawla P, Sunkara T, Muralidharan P, Raj JP. An updated review of cystic hepatic lesions. Clin Exp Hepatol. 2019;5(1):22-9.

2. Caraiani CN, Dan M, Fenesan DI, Badea R. Description of focal liver lesions with GdEOB-DTPA enhanced MRI. Clujul Med. 2015;88(4):438-48.

3. Carrim ZI, Murchison JT. The prevalence of simple renal and hepatic cysts detected by spiral computed tomography. Clin Radiol. 2003;58(8):626-9.

4. Lantinga MA, Gevers TJ, Drenth JP. Evaluation of hepatic cystic lesions. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(23):3543-54.

5. Martin IJ, McKinley AJ, Currie EJ, Holmes P, Garden OJ. Tailoring the management of nonparasitic liver cysts. Annals of surgery. 1998;228(2):167-72.

6. Bahirwani R, Reddy KR. Review article: the evaluation of solitary liver masses. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008;28(8):953-65.

7. Moorthy K, Mihssin N, Houghton PW. The management of simple hepatic cysts: sclerotherapy or laparoscopic fenestration. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2001;83(6):409-14.

8. Cnossen WR, Drenth JP. Polycystic liver disease: an overview of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2014;9:69.

9. Gevers TJ, Drenth JP. Diagnosis and management of polycystic liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10(2):101-8.

10. Jwa EK, Hwang S. Clinicopathological features and post-resection outcomes of biliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the liver. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2017;21(3):107-13.

11. Marrero JA, Ahn J, Rajender Reddy K. ACG clinical guideline: the diagnosis and management of focal liver lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(9):1328-47; quiz 48.

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S70: GALLEGANGSCYSTER – HVA ER DE OG NÅR SKAL DE BEHANDLES?

1. Friedmacher F, Ford KE, Davenport M. Choledochal malformations: global research, scientific advances and key controversies. Pediatr Surg Int. 2019;35(3):273-82.

2. Ishibashi H, Shimada M, Kamisawa T, et al. Japanese clinical practice guidelines for congenital biliary dilatation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017;24(1):1-16.

3. Baison GN, Bonds MM, Helton WS, et al. Choledochal cysts: Similarities and differences between Asian and Western countries. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(26):3334-43.

4. Ghotbi J, Yaqub S, Soreide K. Management of extrahepatic bile duct cysts. Br J Surg. 2023.

5. Soares KC, Arnaoutakis DJ, Kamel I, et al. Choledochal cysts: presentation, clinical differentiation, and management. J Am Coll Surg. 2014;219(6):1167-80.

6. Todani T, Watanabe Y, Toki A, et al. Classification of congenital biliary cystic disease: special reference to type Ic and IVA cysts with primary ductal stricture. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2003;10(5):340-4.

7. Visser BC, Suh I, Way LW, et al. Congenital choledochal cysts in adults. Arch Surg. 2004;139(8):855-60; discussion 60-2.

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9. Ten Hove A, de Meijer VE, Hulscher JBF, et al. Meta-analysis of risk of developing malignancy in congenital choledochal malformation. Br J Surg. 2018;105(5):482-90.

10. Morine Y, Shimada M, Takamatsu H, et al. Clinical features of pancreaticobiliary maljunction: update analysis of 2nd Japan-nationwide survey. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20(5):472-80.

11. Fard-Aghaie MH, Makridis G, Reese T, et al. The rate of cholangiocarcinoma in Caroli Disease A German multicenter study. HPB (Oxford). 2022;24(2):267-76.

12. Kamisawa T, Kaneko K, Itoi T, et al. Pancreaticobiliary maljunction and congenital biliary dilatation. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2(8):610-8.

13. Yoshimoto K, Kamisawa T, Kikuyama M, et al. Classification of pancreaticobiliary maljunction and its clinical features in adults. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2019;26(12):541-7.

14. Urushihara N, Hamada Y, Kamisawa T, et al. Classification of pancreaticobiliary maljunction and clinical features in children. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017;24(8):449-55.

15. Ragot E, Mabrut JY, Ouaissi M, et al. Pancreaticobiliary Maljunctions in European Patients with Bile Duct Cysts: Results of the Multicenter Study of the French Surgical Association (AFC). World J Surg. 2017;41(2):538-45.

16. Palmucci S, Roccasalva F, Piccoli M, et al. Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Cholangiography: Practical Tips and Clinical Indications for Biliary Disease Management. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2017;2017:2403012.

17. Brudvik KW, Yaqub S, Kemsley E, et al. Survey of the attitudes of hepatopancreatobiliary surgeons in northern Europe to resection of choledochal cysts in asymptomatic Western adults. BJS Open. 2019;3(6):785-92.

18. Zheng X, Gu W, Xia H, et al. Surgical treatment of type IV-A choledochal cyst in a single institution: children vs. adults. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(10):2061-6.

19. Harring TR, Nguyen NT, Liu H, et al. Caroli disease patients have excellent survival after liver transplant. J Surg Res. 2012;177(2):365-72.

20. Madadi-Sanjani O, Wirth TC, Kuebler JF, et al. Choledochal Cyst and Malignancy: A Plea for Lifelong Follow-Up. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2019;29(2):143-9.

21. Soreide K, Soreide JA. Bile duct cyst as precursor to biliary tract cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14(3):1200-11.

22. Tanaka R, Nakamura H, Yoshimoto S, et al. Postoperative anastomotic stricture following excision of choledochal cyst: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2022;39(1):30.

23. Hinojosa-Gonzalez DE, Roblesgil-Medrano A, Leon SUV, et al. Biliary reconstruction after choledochal cyst resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis on hepaticojejunostomy vs hepaticoduodenostomy. Pediatr Surg Int. 2021;37(10):1313-22.

24. Serin KR, Ercan LD, Ibis C, et al. Choledochal cysts: Management and long-term follow-up. Surgeon. 2021;19(4):200-6.

S74: FOREBYGGING AV GALLEGANGSSKADER VED VANSKELIG KOLECYSTEKTOMI

1. Strasberg SM, Gouma DJ.‘Extreme’vasculobiliary injuries: association with fundus-down cholecystectomy in severely inflamed gallbladders. HPB (Ox- ford). 2012 Jan;14(1):1-8.

2. Strasberg SM, Pucci MJ, Brunt LM, Deziel DJ. Subtotal Cholecystecto- my-”Fenestrating” vs “Reconstituting” Subtypes and the Prevention of Bile Duct Injury: Definition of the Optimal Procedure in Difficult Operative Condi- tions. J Am Coll Surg. 2016 Jan;222(1):89-96.

3. Elshaer M, Gravante G, Thomas K, Sorge R, Al-Hamali S, Ebdewi H. Subtotal cholecystectomy for “difficult gallbladders”: systematic review and me- ta-analysis. JAMA Surg. 2015 Feb;150(2):159-68.

4. Lee NK, Kim S, Lee JW, Lee SH, Kang DH, Kim GH, Seo HI. Biliary MR imaging with GdEOB-DTPA and its clinical applications. Radiographics. 2009;29(6):1707–1724.

S76: GODARTEDE, SOLIDE SVULSTER I LEVEREN – INTERVENSJONSRADIOLOGENS PERSPEKTIV

1. Torkian P, Li J, Kaufman JA, Jahangiri Y. Effectiveness of Transarterial Embolization in Treatment of Symptomatic Hepatic Hemangiomas: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2021;44(1):80-91.

2. Nault JC, Paradis V, Ronot M, Zucman-Rossi J. Benign liver tumours: understanding molecular physiology to adapt clinical management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19(11):703-16.

3. Crawford D, Naidu S, Patel I, Knuttinen G, Alzubaidi S, Oklu R. Bland Embolization of Benign Liver Tumors: Review of the Literature and a Single Center Experience. J Clin Med. 2021;10(4).

S78: SKLEROTERAPI AV SIMPLE, SYMPTOMGIVENDE LEVERCYSTER:

1. Arie Regev, MDK Rajender Reddy, MD, Diagnosis and management of cystic lesions of the liver. www.uptodate.com access 17.03.2023

2. Titus F. M. Wijnands1, Alena P. M. Görtjes1, Tom J. G. Gevers1, Efficacy and Safety of Aspiration Sclerotherapy of Simple Hepatic Cysts: A Systematic Review American Journal of Roentgenology. 2017;208: 201-207. 10.2214/AJR.16.16130 Read More: https://www. ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.16.16130

3. Alicia Furumaya, Belle V. van Rosmalen, Jan Jaap de Graeff et al Systematic review on percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy versus surgery in symptomatic simple hepatic cysts,

4. HPB 2021:23:11-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2020.07.005.

5. Larssen, Trond Bjerke Hepatic cysts : occurrence and effect of single-session alcohol sclerotherapy, Doctoral Thesis, University of Bergen 2006

S80: GASTROINTESTINALE KOMPLIKASJONER ETTER HJERTEKIRURGI

1. Sever K, Ozbek C, Goktas B et al. Gastrointestinal Complications After Open Heart Surgery. Angiology. 2014;65(5):425–9.

2. Yap KH, Chua KC, Lim SL et al. Is it possible to predict the risk of ischaemic bowel after cardiac surgery? Interact Cardiov Th. 2014;19(3):494–8.

3. Mishra V, Hewage S, Islam S et al. The correlation between bowel complications and cardiac surgery. Scand J Surg. 2020;110(2):187–92.

4. Marsoner K, Voetsch A, Lierzer C et al. Gastrointestinal complications following on-pump cardiac surgery—A propensity matched analysis. Plos One. 2019;14(6):e0217874.

5. Ohri SK, Velissaris T. Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Following Cardiac Surgery. Perfusion. 2006;21(4):215–23.

6. Matheson PJ, Wilson MA, Garrison RN. Regulation of Intestinal Blood Flow. J Surg Res. 2000;93(1):182–96.

7. Hamulu A, Atay Y, Ya’gdi T et al. Effects of flow types in cardiopulmonary bypass on gastric intramucosal pH. Perfusion. 1998;13(2):129–35.

8. Doguet F, Litzler PY, Tamion F et al. Changes in mesenteric vascular reactivity and inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass in a rat model. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(6):2130–7.

9. Elgharably H, Gamaleldin M, Ayyat KS et al. Serious Gastrointestinal Complications After Cardiac Surgery and Associated Mortality. Ann Thorac Surg. 2021;112(4):1266–74.

10. O’Connor E, Fraser JF. The Interpretation of Perioperative Lactate Abnormalities in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Anaesth Intens Care. 2012;40(4):598–603.

11. Garzelli L, Nuzzo A, Copin P et al. Contrast-Enhanced CT for the Diagnosis of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215(1):29–38.

12. Bourcier S, Oudjit A, Goudard G et al. Diagnosis of non-occlusive acute mesenteric ischemia in the intensive care unit. Ann Intensive Care. 2016;6(1):112.

S84: ANAL INTRAEPITELIAL NEOPLASI

1. Anal intraepitelial neoplasi. Gastrokirurgisk e-håndbok, OUS.

2. Palevsky JM. Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, screening, prevention and treatment”. www.uptodate.com, per januar 2023.

3. Palefsky JM, Lee JY, Goldstone SE et al. Treatment of anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions to Prevent Anal Cancer. N Engl J Med 2022;386:2273-82

4. Nasjonalt handlingsprogram med retningslinjer for diagnostikk, behandling og oppfølging av analkreft, www.helsedirektoratet.no

5. Gynekologisk kreft - Nasjonalt handlingsprogram. www.helsedirektoratet.no

6. Berry JM, Jay N, Cranston RD et al. Progression of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions to invasive anal cancer among HIV-infected men who have sex with men. Intl Journal of Cancer 2013 Aug 134(5): 1147-1155. Open access.

7. Weis SE. Current treatment options for management of anal intraepithelial neoplasia. OncoTargets and therapy 2013 June 6:651-665. Open access.

8. Fox-Lewis A, Allum C, Vokes D. Human papillomavirus and surgical smoke: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2020 Dec;77(12):809-817

9. Vyas M, Gonzalez RS. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of terminology, differential diagnoses, and patient management. Hum Pathol 2022 Jul 16;S0046-8177

10. Leeds IL et al. Anal cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia screening: A review. World Journal of gastrointestinal surgery 2016; 8(1): 41-55.

S88: ANALKREFT FRA ET KIRURGISK PERSPEKTIV

1 Cancer in Norway 2021. (u.d.). Hentet fra www.kreftregisteret.no.

2 Handlingsprogram for gynekologisk kreft, www.helsedirektoratet.no/retningslinjer

3 Falcaro M, Castanon A, Ndlela B et al. The effects of the national HPV vaccination programme in England, UK on cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence: a register-based observational study. The Lancet 2021 Dec;398(10316):20842092

4 Illustrasjonsbilde hentet fra www.openaccessgovernment.org

5 Berry JM, Jay N, Cranston RD et al. Progression of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions to invasive anal cancer among HIV-infected men who have sex with men. Int J Cancer 2014 Mar 1;134(5)1147-55. Open access.

6 Simpson JAD, Scholefield JH. Diagnosis and management of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer. BMJ 2011;343:d6818. Open access.

7 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_cancer. Fritt tilgjengelig.

8 Nasjonalt handlingsprogram med retningslinjer for diagnostikk, behandling og oppfølging av analkreft (2019). www.helsedirektoratet.no.

9 Leon O, Hagberg O, Johnsson A. Primary surgery with or without postoperative radiotherapy in early squamous cell carcinoma in the anal canal and anal margin. Acta Oncol 2018 Sep;57(9):1209-1215

10 Anal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

11 Slørdahl KS, Klotz D, Olsen JÅ et al. Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors after chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. Acta Oncol 2021 April;60(7):921-930.

12 Bentzen AG, Guren MG, Vonen B et al. Faecal incontinence after chemoradiotherapy in anal cancer survivors: long-term results of a national cohort. Radiother Oncol 2013;108(1):55-60

13 Ryan DP, Willett CG. Classification and epidemiology of anal cancer + Clinical features and staging of anal cancer + Treatment of anal cancer. www.uptodate.com (updated sept. 15 2022)

14 Renehan AG, O’Dwyer ST. Management of local disease relapse. Colorectal Dis 2011 Feb;13 Suppl 1:44-52.

15 Tsikitis VL, Lu KC, Herzig DO et al. Anal canal squamous cell carcinoma: overview, surveillance after treatment and management of local recurrence. Colorectal Cancer Dec 2012 1(6):503-511. Open access.

16 Guren MG, Sebag-Montefiore D, Franco P et al. Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus, Unresolved Areas and Future Perspectives for Research: Perspectives of Research Needs in Anal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2021 Dec;20(4):279-287

S93: SEKSUELT OVERFØRBARE INFEKSJONER FOR KIRURGER

1. Sharapova S, Hartgill U, Torayraju P et al. En mann i 40-årene med analtumor og lymfeknutesvulst i lysken. Tidsskr Nor Legeforening. 2021 mai 25;141 (8).

2. Rosen T. Condyloma acuminata (anogenital warts) in adults: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnoses. www.uptodate.com

3. Kondylomer/anogenitale vorter – diagnose og behandling ved Olafiaklinikken. OUS e-håndbok.

4. Skowronska-Piekarska U, Koscinski T. Buschke-Loewenstein tumor resection with simultanous reconstruction of extensive tissue losses: a case report. BMC Surg 2015 April 10;15:41.

5. www.soaaids.nl. Appearances of STIs. Hermanussen R. Seksoa Magazine.

6. Boda D, Cutoiu A, Bratu D et al. Buschke-Löwenstein tumors: A series of 7 case reports. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2022 Jun;23(6):393

7. Chlamydia trachomatis – prosedyre ved Olafiaklinikken. OUS e-håndbok.

8. https://statistikk.fhi.no/msis (finnes via www.fhi.no, -> MSIS)

9. Lymfogranuloma venereum (LGV) – veileder for helsepersonell. www.fhi.no

10. Mekkes JR. Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (huidziekten.nl). https://www.huidziekten.nl/zakboek/dermatosen/ltxt/lymphogranuloma-venereum.htm

11. Gonoré: prosedyre ved Olafiaklinikken. OUS e-håndbok

12. Syfilis – diagnostikk og behandling. OUS e-håndbok Olafiaklinikken.

13. Hicks CH, Clement M. Syphilis: epidemiology, pahtophysiology, and clinical manifestations in patients without HIV. www.uptodate.com

14. Herpes genitalis – diagnose og behandling ved Olafiaklinikken. OUS e-håndbok Olafiaklinikken.

15. Gedela K, Fontoura DS, Salam A et al. Infectious proctitis due to human Mpox. Clinical infectious disease 2023 Feb 76;3:1424-1427